Captulo 4 Resuelto
July 10, 2022 | Author: Anonymous | Category: N/A
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Bdpátucg 0 Fdyj 4. Zi bgisuah`gr thjij 0>>$ pdrd kdstdr ji cgs fhjijs \ j X. Cgs prjbhgs `j ajrbd`g `j jstgs `gs fhjijs sgi ^x 14> $ y ^y 10> $ . d. ·Buäc js cd rjcdbhòi `j hitjrbdafhg ji jc ajrbd`g `j cgs fhjijs \ j X7
Vjcdbhòi `j hitjrbdafhg g tdsd `j susthtubhòi tdsd`j tdsd `j sust susthtubh htubhòi òi1 ∖ ^x ^y
Vjapcdzdi`g cgs `dtgs tdsd tds d `j sust susthtu htubhòi bhòi1
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tdsd tds d `j sustht susthtubhò ubhòi i1∖>.6:
Cd rjcdbhòi `j hitjrbdafhg js `j `hsahiubhòi `jc 6:%
f. Hcustrj jc bgiouitg `j gpgrtuih`d` gpgrtuih`d`js js `jc bgisuah`gr ji ui kräehbg ji jc quj `jfj pgijr uid cjyji`d pdrd tg`gs cgs jcjajitgs.
b. Aujstrj bòag bdafhd jc bgiouitg `j gpgrtuih`d`js `jc bgisuah`gr sh su rjitd sj `upchbd. ·Bòag dctjrd jstj hibrjajitg `j 0>>$ `j cd rjitd d cd rjcdbhòi `j hitjrbdafhg ji jc ajrbd`g `j cgs fhjijs \ j y7
Vjitd sj `upchbd Vjitd
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Rhji`g cd pji`hjitj cd tdsd `j susthtubhòi `jc ajrbd`g, cd burvd, thjij cd ahsad hibchi hib chidbh dbhòi, òi, cg quj gb gburr urrj j dc `up `upchb chbdr dr cd rji rjitd, td, jc bgi bgioui ouitg tg `j prj prjsup supujs ujstg tg duajitd, bgag cg aujstrd cd ehkurd `jc chtjrdc f
6. Zi bgisuah`gr thjij quj `hvh`hr 6:>$ jitrj jc bgisuag `jc prg`ubtg \ X `jc prg`ubtg X. Cgs Cgs prjbhgs `j ajrbd ajrbd`g `g sgi ^x 1: $ y ^y 14> $ .
d. Jsbrhfd cd jbudbhòi `j cd rjbtd r jbtd prjsupujstdrhd `jc bgisuah`gr. ^drd jstgs `dtgs cd rjstrhbbhòi prjsupujstdrhd sjrä? 6:> 1: \ + 4> X
^drd bgivjrthrcd ji rjbtd, `jspjodags X 4> X 16:> ∖: \
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f. Hcustrj jc bgiouitg `j gpgrtuih`d` gpgrtuih`d`js js `jc bgisuah`gr ji ui kräehbg ji jc quj `jfj pgijr uid cjyji`d pdrd tg`gs cgs jcjajitgs.
b. Aujstrj bòag bdafhd jc bgiouitg `j gpgrtuih`d`js `jc bgisuah`gr sh jc prjbhg `jc fhji \ duajitd d 4>$. ·Bòag dctjrd jstj bdafhg d cd rjcdbhòi `j hitjrbdafhg ji jc ajrbd`g `jc fhji \ y jc fhji X7 Vjstrhbbh bbhòi òiGrh Grhkhi khidc dc 6:> 1 : \ + 4> X ↖ Vjstrh Vjstrhbbhò bbhòi i bgi 6:> 1 4> \ + 4> X ↖ Vjstrh
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2. Zi bgisuah`gr sj jibujitrd ji jquhchfrg ji jc puitg D `jc kräehbg d`ouitg. Jc prjbhg `jc fhji \ js :$.
d. ·Buäc js jc prjbhg `jc fhji y7
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Bgag jc ^x 1$ : ↖ @dtg `jc prgfcjad, sj jithji`j quj, dc sjr cd pji`hjitj `j 4 ji vdcgr dfsgcutg, jitgibjs jc prjbhg sj adithjij, ji bgisjbujib bgisjbujibhd? hd? ^y 1 $ :
f. Ji jc puitg D, ·buäitds uih`d`js d`quhjrj jc bgisuah`gr `jc fhji \7 Ji jc puitg D, jc bgisuah`gr puj`j bgaprdr 6> uih`d`js `j \, jstg sj puj`j jitji`jr ji jc kräehbg, y ji jc jojrbhbhg igs hiegradi quj jc ^x 1$ :, jitgibjs cgs hikrjsgs sgi? V 1 ^T V 1( : ) ( 6> ) V 1$ 4>>
b. Ru Rupg pgik ikd d qu quj j cd rj rjbt btd d pr prjs jsup upuj ujst stdr drhd hd bd bdaf afhd hd `j eg egrrad qu quj j jc bgisuah`gr dcbdizd jc iujvg jquhchfrhg ji jc puitg F. ·Tuè bdafhg `jc jitgrig jbgiòahbg ld ccjvd`g d jstj iujvg jquhchfrhg7 ·Jstä ajogr g pjgr jc bgisuah`gr `jfh`g d jstd vdrhdbhòi `jc prjbhg7
Ji jc puitg F, cd bdith`d` `jc prg`ubtg X js 0>, y cd `jc prg`ubtg \ js 6>, sdfhji`g quj ^y 1 $ :, jitgibjs jc hikrjsg pdrd bd`d uig js? Hikrjsg `j \ V 1 ^T V 1( : ) ( 6> ) V 1$ 4>>
Hikrjsg `j X V 1 ^T V 1( : ) ( 0 > ) V 1$ 6 >>
Jc bgisuah`gr dcbdizd ui ajogr ihvjc ji jc puitg F 0. Ji cd rjspujstd dc ^rgfcjad `j `jagstrdbhòi 0-6 `jc tjxtg, ljags agst ag strd rd`g `g ui uid d sh shtu tudb dbhò hòi i ji cd qu quj j ui vd vdcj cj `j rj rjkd kdcg cg ld ldbj bj qu quj j ui bgisuah`gr d`quhjrd uid adygr bdith`d` `j ui fhji hiejrhgr `j cd quj ldfrád bgisuah`g sh lufhjrd rjbhfh`g ui rjkdcg `j `hijrg ji jejbthvg `j hkudc vdcgr. ·Js shjaprj dsá7 Jxpchquj su rjspujstd.
Jstg ig shjaprj sj `d `j jstd adijrd, sh d dckuhji sj cj `d ui rjkdcg, ig ijbjsdrhdajitj, cg vd d bgisuahr `j ui fhji hiejrhgr, dc ig bgstdrcj id`d, puj`j d`quhrhr gtrg thpg `j fhji, g dckg ahxtg jitrj cgs `gs, ji bgisjbujibhd, cd prjahsd ig sj buapcj shjaprj.
:. Gerjzbd uid jxpchbdbhòi hituhthvd `j pgr què cds gejrtds `j "bgaprj uig y ccèvjsj gtrg krdths" ig sgi cg ahsag quj uid rj`ubbhòi `jc prjbhg dc :> pgr bhjitg.
Rh sj rjfdod jc prjbhg dc :>%, prhajrg, sj thjij pdkdr pgrbjitdoj prjbhg, d`jaäs ig pgrquj dckuhji bgaprj uig quj dc :>%, vdjstj d d`quhrhr gtrg, `jc ji bdafhg jc bgaprj uig y ccjvj gtrg, js pdkdr jc 4>>% `jc prhajrg, pdrd ccjvdrsj jc gtrg, y ig js cg ahsag, dc ajigs ldstd jc bdsg quj dafgs sj ccjvji `gs uih`d`js, pjrg jsg ig gburrj ijbjsdrhdajitj, shig, ldy fdods prgfdfhch`d`js quj gburrd.
5. Ji jc krä kräehb ehbg g d`o d`ouit uitg, g, ui bgi bgisu suah` ah`gr gr sj jib jibuji ujitrd trd hih hihbhd bhdcaj cajitj itj ji jquhchfrhg ji jc puitg B. Jc bgisuah`gr thjij uid rjitd `j 2>>$ y cd rjbtd prjsupujstdrhd quj pdsd pgr jc puitg B vhjij `d`d pgr 2>> 1:> \ +4>> X X Budi`g jc bgisuah`gr rjbhfj ui vdcj `j rjkdcg pgr vdcgr `j :> `òcdrjs quj sòcg sj puj`j uthchzdr ji cd thji`d \ pdsd d ui iujvg jquhchfrhg ji jc puitg @.
d. Bdcbucj cgs prjbhgs `j cgs fhjijs \ j X.
D pdrthr `j cd rjstrhbbhòi prjsupujstdrhd? prjsupujstdrhd? 2>> 1:> \ + 4>> X , pg`jags rjcdbhgidr? ^x 1$ :> ^y 1 $ 4>> A 1$ 2>>
f. ·Buäitds uih`d`js `jc prg`ubtg X sj puj`ji bgaprdr ji jc puitg D7 TyD 1
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Jc vdcj `j rjkdcg, js jxdbtdajitj `j $:> pgr bd`d uih`d` `j \, pgr cg budc sj puj`j d`quhrhr uid uih`d` ji jc puitg F j. ·Buäitds uih`d`js `jc prg`ubtg \ sj puj`ji bgaprdr ji jc puitg E7
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Rj puj`ji bgaprdr ; uih`d`js e. D pd pdrt rthr hr `j cds cds pr prje jejr jrji jibh bhds ds `j js jstj tj bg bgis isua uah` h`gr gr,, bcds bcdshe hehq hquj uj cds cds bgafhidbhgijs D, F, B y @ `j aäs d ajigs prjejrh`d.
Rh gfsjrvdags jc kräehbg jc puitg @ y jc B sj jibujitrdi ji jc bjitrg `jc kräehbg, y jc puitg D y F sj jibujitrdi ji cd pdrtj supjrhgr, ji bgisjbujibhd, jstgs `jfji sjr cgs puitgs ajigs prjejrh`gs, bcdshehbäi`gcgs? Jc ajigs prjejrh`g @, sjkuh`g `j F, cujkg B, `jspuès D, y `j dlá vji`rád J, y dc ehidc E k. Jc fhji \ ·js igradc g hiejrhgr7 Cd jcdsthbh`d` js hijcästhbd, jitgibjs sj trdtd `j ui fhji igradc.
;. Zi bgisuah`gr `jfj kdstdr tg`d su rjitd ji `gs fhjijs (\j X). Ji bd`d uig `j cgs shkuhjitjs jsbjidrhgs, hi`hquj sh jc bgisuag `j jquhchfrhg `j cgs fhjijs \ j X duajitdrä g `hsahiuhrä. Rupgikd quj jc fhji \ js ui fhji hiejrhgr y jc fhji X js ui fhji igradc. d. Rj `upchbd cd rjitd.
Dc duajitdr cd rjitd, jc bgisuag `j \ (hiejrhgr) `hsahiuyj, y jc bgisuag `j X (igradc) duajitd. f. Rj bud`rhpchbd cd rjitd y sj `upchbdi tg`gs cgs prjbhgs.
Dc bud`rupchbdr cd rjitd, y `upchbdr cgs prjbhgs, jc bgisuag `j \ (hiejrhgr) `hsahiuyj, y jc bgisuag `j X (igradc) duajitd. b. Rj bud`rhpchbdi cd rjitd y tg`gs cgs prjbhgs.
Dc bud`rupchbdr cd rjitd, y bud`rupchbdr bud`rupchbdr cgs prjbhgs, jc bgisuag bgisuag `j \ (hiejrhgr) sj adithjij, y jc bgisuag `j X (igradc) sj adithjij, js `jbhr quj, ji jstd vdrhdbhòi dc sjr hkudcjs, y dc sdfjr quj V1^T, jitgibjs cds bdith`d`js quj`di hkudcjs. `. Cd rjitd sj rj`ubj d cd ahtd` y cgs prjbhgs sj `upchbdi.
Dc rj`ubhr d cd ahtd` cd rjitd, y `upchbdr `upchbdr cgs prjbhgs cgs prjbhgs, prjbhgs, jc bgisuag `j \ (hiejrhgr) duajitd, y jc bgisuag `j X (igradc) `hsahiuyj.
$ pdrd kdstdr ji dzÿbdr, y quj jc prjbhg `jc dzÿbdr `j adrbd fcdibd js `j 4$ pgr chfrd y jc prjbhg `jc dzÿbdr `j adrbd js `j 6$ pgr chfrd. ·Tuè bdith`d` bgaprdrä `j bd`d thpg `j dzÿbdr7 ·Bòag bdafhdrád su rjspujstd sh jc prjbhg `jc dzÿbdr `j adrbd fcdibd eujrd `j 6$ pgr chfrd y jc prjbhg `jc dzÿbdr `j adrbd eujrd `j 4$ pgr chfrd7 Cgs bgisuah`grjs, shjaprj jstäi `hspujstgs d uthchzdr uid adrbd `j dzÿbdr u gtrd gtrd ad adrb rbd, d, ji jitg tgib ibjs js cds cds pr prje jejr jrji jibh bhds ds ig vd vdrád rádi, i, ji bg bgis isjb jbuj ujib ibhd hd,, ig prjsjitdi vdrhdbhgijs ji cd tdsd adrkhidc `j susthtubhòi, sh jc dzÿbdr `j cd adrbd `j cds thji`ds quj js `j $4 pgr chfrd y jc dzÿbdr `j adrbd `j prg`ubtgr quj js `j $6 pgr chfrd, jc bgisuah`gr bgaprdrä 4> chfrds `j cd jthqujtd bgi adrbd, cujkg `jc bdafhg, bgaprdrä cds ahsads 4> chfrds, pjrg `j cd gtrd adrbd.
4>. Jc Kgfhjrig `j Jstd`gs Zih`gs kdstd aäs `j 4:.> ahccgijs `j `òcdrjs ji jc ^rgkrdad `j Bupgijs `j Dchajitgs pdrd gerjbjr d ahccgijs `j jstd`guih`jisjs ui aj`hg pdrd bgaprdr bgah`d. Jstgs bupgijs sj puj`ji bdafhdr pgr dchajitgs ji aäs `j 45>.>>> thji`ds `j tg`g jc pdás, y ig sj puj`ji vji`jr d bdafhg `j `hijrg ji jejbthvg ih uthchzdr pdrd drtábucgs quj ig sjdi dchajitgs. Cd prjstdbhòi sgbhdc aj`hd ji bupgijs `j dchajitgs dsbhji`j d dprgxhad`dajitj 4;> `òcdrjs dc ajs. Rupgikd quj,, sh ig jxh quj jxhsth sthjrd jrdi i jst jstgs gs bup bupgij gijs, s, jc bgi bgisua suah`g h`grr aj` aj`hg hg thj thjij ij quj `hvh`hr :>>$ `j rjitd ajisudc jitrj dchajitgs y "tg`gs cgs `jaäs fhjijs", `j eg egra rad d qu quj j sj bu buap apcj cj cd sh shku kuhj hjit itj j rj rjst strh rhbb bbhò hòi i prjs prjsup upuj ujst stdr drhd hd?? :>>1 4> P ; + : D , `gi`j P js cd bdith`d` `j "tg`gs cgs `jaäs fhjijs" y D js cd bdith`d` `j dchajitgs d`quhrh`gs. Zthchzdi`g jc joj vjrthbdc pdrd "tg`gs cgs `jaäs fhjijs", `hfuoj cd rjstrhbbhòi prjsupujstdrhd `jc bgisuah`gr budi bu di`g `g ig ld ldy y ui ^r ^rgk gkrd rdad ad `j Bu Bupg pgij ijs s `j Dc Dcha haji jitg tgs. s. ·B ·Buä uäcc js cd rjcdbhòi `j hitjrbdafhg ji jc ajrbd`g `j dchajitgs y "tg`gs cgs `jaäs fhjijs"7 Ji jc ahsag kräehbg, aujstrj bòag jc ^rgkrdad `j Bupgijs `j Dchaji Dch ajitgs tgs dct dctjrd jrd cd rj rjbtd btd pr prjsu jsupuj pujstd stdrhd rhd `jc bgi bgisua suah`g h`grr aj`hg. aj`hg. ·R ·Rj j fjijeh fji jehbhd bhdrád rád jst jstj j bgi bgisua suah`g h`grr `j ui hit hitjrb jrbdaf dafhg hg hcj hcjkdc kdc `j bup bupgi gijs js `j dchajitgs d bdafhg `j `hijrg ji jejbthvg7 Jxpchquj su rjspujstd.
Bgag sj puj`j gfsjrvdr ji jc kräehbg cd tdsd `j bdafhg `jc ajrbd`g js `j >.:, jstg gburrj budi`g, ig jxhstj prgkrdad `j bupgijs pdrd dchajitgs. Jstj prgkrdad quj uthchzd bupgijs `j dchajitgs, ldbj quj ig jxhstd bdafhg pdrd cd tdsd `j susthtubhòi `jc ajrbd`g, ji bgisjbujibhd, sj puj`j kdstdr, shi hivjrthr hikrjs hik rjsgs, gs, lds ldstd td $4; $4;>, >, bd bdafh afhdi di`g `g cgs bu bupgi pgijs js `j dch dchaj ajitg itgs, s, shj shji`g i`g auy hapgrtditj pdrd jc bgisuah`gr, ajogrdi`g su bgi`hbhòi `j vh`d.
44. Zi rjbhjitj diuibhg ji cd prjisd diuibhdfd uid gejrtd jspjbhdc `j ijuaäthbgs `j Kgg`yjdr? –Bgaprj trjs y ccèvjsj jc budrtg krdths= chahtd`g d ui ijuaäthbg krdtuhtg pgr bgisuah`gr‑. Rh jc bgisuah`gr thjij :>>$ pdrd kdstdr ji ijuaäthbgs y ji gtrgs fhjijs, y bd`d ijuaäthbg sujcj bgstdr :>$, ·bòag dejbtd jstd gejrtd dc bgiouitg `j gpgrtuih`d`js `jc bgisuah`gr7
Jstd gejrtd dapcád cd gejrtd `j bgiouitg `j gpgrtuih`d`js `jc bgisuah`gr, yd quj, sh rjquhjrj d`quhrhr ccditds, ig tji`rád quj bgaprdr 0, j hivjrthr $6>>, y cj sgfrdrádi $2>>, aäs fhji sgcg hivhjrtj $4:>, y cj sgfrdi $2:> pdrd gtrgs fhjijs, dapchdi`g jc bgiouitg prjsupujstdrhg pdrd jc bgisuah`gr.
46. Cg 46. Cgs s lg lgtj tjcj cjs s `j aä aäxh xhad ad bd bdtj tjkg kgrá rád d `j Js Jstd td`g `gs s Zi Zih` h`gs gs rj rj`u `uoj ojrg rgi i rjbhjitjajitj cgs prjbhgs ui 6> pgr bhjitg ji ui jseujrzg pgr jcjvdr cd tdsd `j gbupdbhòi cgs lgafrjs ijkgbhg. jibujstd rjdchzd`d pgr uid hapgrtditj `j grkdihzdbhòi `j `j jstu`hgs `j Zid ajrbd`g hi`hbd quj cds
japrjsds jstäi prjgbupd`ds pgr cds dbtudcjs bgi`hbhgijs jbgiòahbds y jstäi rjburrhji`g d cgs aj`hgs jcjbtròihbgs, bgag Hitjrijt y jc tjcèegig, pdrd pd rd ld ldbj bjrr ij ijkg kgbh bhgs gs.. Ru Rupg pgik ikd d qu quj j jc prjs prjsup upuj ujst stg g `j ui uid d ja japr prjs jsd d pjra pj raht htj j ui kd kdst stg g `j :. :.>> >>>$ >$ dc aj ajs s ji vhdo vhdojs js `j ij ijkg kgbh bhg g g aj aj`h `hgs gs jcjbtròihbgs pdrd ldbjr ijkgbhgs. Hcustrj kräehbdajitj bòag dejbtdrä cd rj`ubbhòi `jc 6> pgr bhjitg `jc prjbhg pdrd cgs lgafrjs `j ijkgbhg dc bgiouitg `j gpgrtuih`d`js `j cd japrjsd sh jc prjbhg `j ui vhdoj `j ijkgbhgs jrd hihbhdcajitj `j 4.>>> `òcdrjs pgr vhdoj y jc prjbhg `j cgs aj`hgs jcjbtròihbgs `j :>> `òcdrjs pgr lgrd. Rupgikd quj, trds cd bdá`d `jc prjbhg `j cgs vhdojs, cd japrjsd pufchbd ui hiegraj ji jc quj hi`hbd quj cd rj rjcdb cdbhòi hòi `j hit hitjrb jrbdaf dafhg hg jit jitrj rj aj` aj`hgs hgs jcj jcjbtr btròih òihbgs bgs y vhd vhdojs ojs `j ijkg ij kgbh bhgs gs js ‐ 4. ·J ·Jst stä ä cd ja japr prjs jsd d ds dshk hkid idi` i`g g je jehb hbhj hjit itja jaji jitj tj su sus s rjbursgs7 Jxpchquj su rjspujstd.
Japjzdi`g bgi cd rjbtd prjsupujstdrhd, cd tdsd `j susthtubhòi hihbhdc js 1
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Cd budc js `hejrjitj dc vdcgr quj hiegrad jc jojrbhbhg -4, ji bgisjbujibhd, sj `jfj duajitdr jc usg `j aj`hgs jcjbtròihbgs y `hsahiuhr cgs vhdojs.
42. Zi hiegraj `j cd Gehbhid `jc Bjisg hi`hbd quj jc 56 pgr bhjitg `j cd pgfcdbhòi jstd`guih`jisj jstä bufhjrtd pgr sjkurgs aè`hbgs pdkd`gs pgr cgs japrjsdrhgs. Didchbj jc bdsg `j ui japcjd`g quj ig thjij ui sjkurg aè`hbg `j cd japrjsd y thjij quj `hvh`hr sus ;>>$ sjadidcjs `jspuès `j hapujstgs jitrj ui sjkurg aè`hbg y "gtrgs fhjijs". @hfuoj jc bgiouitg `j gpgrtuih`d`js `j jstj bgisuah`gr sh jc prjbhg `jc sjkurg aè`hbg js `j 4>>$ pgr sjadid y jc prjbhg `j "cgs `jaäs fhjijs" js `j 4>>$ pgr sjadid. Ji jc ahsag kräehbg, hcustrj bòag bdafhdrád jc bgiouitg `j gpgrtuih`d`js sh jc japrjsdrhg dbjptdrd gerjbjr d su japcjd`g ui sjkurg aè`hbg pgr vdcgr `j 4>>$ pgr sjadid (bgi cd dbtudc cjkhscdbhòi ehsbdc, jstj thpg `j rjtrhfubhòi ig jstä sgajth`d d hapujstgs). ·Jstdrád ajogr g pjgr jstj japcjd`g sh, ji vjz `jc sjkurg aè`hbg, jc japrjsdrhg cj gerj gerjbh bhjr jrd d ui uid d su sufh fh`d `d sd sdcd cdrh rhdc dc `j 4> 4>>$ >$ pg pgrr sj sjad adid id sg sgaj ajth th`d `d d ui uigs gs hapujstgs `jc 6: pgr bhjitg7 Jxpchquj su rjspujstd.
Cd ehkurd aujstrd jc bgiouitg `j cáijds prjsupujstdrhds, pdrd jstj bgisuah`gr, y jc hapdbtg quj tji`rä sgfrj èc, cgs bgisuah`grjs shjaprj tji`räi krdi hi hibc bchi hidb dbhò hòi i sg sgfr frj j gtrg gtrgs s fhji fhjijs js,, cd bd bdit ith` h`d` d` sj sjrä rä ad adyg ygrr qu quj j jc ; qu quj j sj ajibhgid, jc jejbthvg sj prjehjrj d pjisdr `j quj jstä krdvd`g, `j cg bgitrdrhg, jc pr prgk gkrd rdad ad `j sj sjku kurg rg aè aè`h `hbg bg ig su suoj ojtg tg d ha hapu pujs jstg tgs s pd pdtr trgb gbhi hid` d`g g pg pgrr jc japcjd`gr pjrahtj d ui japcjd`g cgkrdr uid burvd `j hi`hejrjibhd aäs dctd.
40. Zi js jstu tu` `hg hitj hitjri rig g `j Aha hajg jg Bgrpg grpgrrdthg dthgi i (u (ui i ed edf frh rhb bdi ditj tj `j egtgbgphd`grds)) ld rjvjcd`g quj bd`d uig `j sus trdfdod`grjs agitd trjs egtgbgphd`grds egtgbg egt gbgphd phd`g `grds rds pgr lgr lgrd d y bgf bgfrd rd trj trjs s `ò `òcdr cdrjs js pgr bd` bd`d d egt egtgbg gbgphd phd`gr `grd d agitd` agi td`d. d. Dui Duiqu quj j cd jap japrjs rjsd d ig thj thjij ij cgs rjb rjbur ursgs sgs ijb ijbjsd jsdrhg rhgs s pdr pdrd d supjrvhsdr d cgs trdfdod`grjs, ui hispjbtgr d thjapg t hjapg bgapcjtg bgaprujfd cd bdch`d` `j bd`d uih`d` prg`ubh`d ditjs `j quj sj pdkuj dc trdfdod`gr pgr su pr pgr prg` g`ub ubbh bhòi òi.. Ru su supj pjrh rhgr gr cj ld pj pj`h `h`g `g qu quj j jv jvdc dcÿj ÿj ui uid d iu iujv jvd d prgp rgpuj ujst std d `hsjô hsjôd` d`d d pd pdrd rd rj` j`u ubhr bhr cgs cgs bg bgst stj js. Bg Bgi i js jstj tj pcd pcdi, cg cgs s
trdfdod`grjs bgfrdrádi bgfrdrádi ui sdcdrhg ehog `j gblg `òcdrjs pgr lgrd. ·Jstdrád d edvgr `j jstj pcdi7 Jxpchquj su rjspujstd.
^cdi dbtudc Ji jc pcdi dbtudc, ui trdfdod`gr prg`ubj 2 egtgbgphd`grds, y cj pdkdi $2 pgr bd`d uid, ji bgisjbujibhd, su hikrjsg sjrä `j 8 $/lgrd Iujvg pcdi Ji jstj pcdi, sj cj pdkdrä d bd`d trdfdod`gr < $/lgrd, shi hapgrtdr cg quj prg`uzbd, cd bgapdôád jejbthvdajitj, jstä dlgrrdi`g 4$/lgrd. Ji rjdch`d`, ldfrä uid krdi pèr`h`d ji cd agthvdbhòi `jc trdfdod`gr, yd quj sdfj quj tji`rä ui vdcgr jxdbtg pgr lgrd, shi hapgrtdr cg quj prg`uzbd, ji bdafhg ji dc pcdi dbtudc, thjij quj jsegrzdrsj pgr sjr aäs prg`ubthvg, pdrd adxhahzdr cd bdith`d` `j `hijrg quj sj puj`d hikrjsdr, y ji jsj bdsg, kdid cd bgapdôád y jc trdfdod`gr, pgr jc jseujrzg `j jstj ÿcthag.
4:. Cd Jhistjhi Fdkjc Bgrp, gerjbj ui prgkrdad `j eh`jch`d` `jc bchjitj pgr jc quj jc bgisuah`gr rjbhfj ui bupòi bd`d vjz quj bgaprd uid `gbjid `j fgccgs Fdkjc pgr :$. Budi`g ui bgisuah`gr ld dbuaucd`g 4> bupgijs, rjbhfj uid `gbjid `j fgccgs krdtuhtd. Jstd gejrtd js hchahtd`d, y väch`d `urditj tg`g jc dôg. Jc `hrjbtgr sdfj quj sus prg`ubtgs sgi fhjijs igradcjs. @d`d jstd hiegradbhòi, `jehid dc bgiouitg `j gpgrtuih`d`js `j ui bgisuah`gr quj thjij 4:> `òcdrjs pdrd kdstdr ji fgccgs y gtrgs fhjijs ji tg`g jc dôg. ·Phjij jc prgkrdad `j eh`jch`d` `jc bchjitj `j cd japrjsd jc ahsag jejbtg sgfrj jc bgisuag `j sus fgccgs quj jc quj tji`rád sh sj chahtdrä d rj`ubhr jc prjbhg `j uid `gbjid `j fgccgs ji ui trjs pgr bhjitg7 Jxpchquj su rjspujstd.
Budi`g cgs bgisuah`grjs, sj dehchdi dc prgkrdad `j bgaprd`grjs erjbujitjs, cd cáijd prjsupujstdrhd duajitd, budi`g cd japrjsd vji`j cd `gbjid d pdrthr `j ui 2% `j `jsbujitg, pjrg sh jc bgisuah`gr ig bgaprd aäs `j 4> `gbjids dc dô dôg, g, ig kg kgzd zdrä rä `j js jstj tj `j `jsb sbuj ujit itg, g, ji bg bgis isjb jbuj ujib ibhd hd,, dc ig tjij tjijrr js jstj tj `jsbujitg, ig thjij agthvdbhòi pdrd bgaprdr.
45. Jc d`gcjsbjitj aj`hg bgaprd 46 B@s y 4: phzzds dc dôg. Rh cds phzzds sgi ui fhji hiejrhgr, ·sjrád hi`hejrjitj jc d`gcjsbjitj aj`hg jitrj rjbhfhr ui vdcj `j rjkdcg pgr vdcgr `j 2> `òcdrjs ji uid thji`d `j aÿshbd y 2> `òcdrjs ji jejbthvg7 Jxpchquj su rjspujstd.
Dc hihbhg, dc sjr cd phzzd ui fhji hiejrhgr, y dc duajitdr jc hikrjsg ji jejbthvg, jitgibjs bgaprdrä ajigs phzzd, jitgibjs js prgfdfcj quj cg kdstj tg`g ji B@s, dlgrd tg`g js rjcdthvg d sh cj `di cgs $2> ji cd thji`d `j aÿshbd, tdafhèi sj kdstdrä tg`g ji B@s
4;. Zid tèbihbd `j adrmjthik erjbujitj jitrj cds fg`jkds bgishstj ji vji`jr d su bchjitjcd `jsbujitgs pgr vgcuaji (bdith`d`). ^gr jojapcg, cd sjkui`d fg`jkd cá`jr `j Blhcj vji`j sus fgtjccds d gblg `òcdrjs ji Jstd`gs Zih`gs y jc bgisuah`gr bgaprd ldstd gblg fgtjccds. Jc prjbhg `j bd`d fgtjccd d`hbhgidc js tdi sòcg `j budtrg `òcdrjs. Rh ui bgisuah`gr thjij 4>> `òcdrjs d `hvh`hr jitrj cd bgaprd `j jstd adrbd `j vhig y gtrgs fhjijs fhj ijs,, hcu hcustr strj j krä kräehb ehbdaj dajitj itj bòa bòag g dej dejbtd btd jst jstd d tèb tèbihb ihbd d `j adr adrmjt mjthik hik dc bgioui bgi ouitg tg `j gp gpgrt grtui uih`d h`d`js `js `jc bgi bgisua suah`g h`grr sh jc prj prjbhg bhg `j cgs `ja `jaäs äs fhjijs js ui `òcdr. ·Js pgshfcj quj jc bgisuah`gr bgaprj jxdbtdajitj gblg fgtjccds `j vhig7 Jxpchquj su rjspujstd.
Cd ehkurd aujstrd, uid cáijd prjsupujstdrhd pdrd jc bdsg jspjbáehbg quj uid japrjsd, gerjzbd jc ui `jsbujitg pgr cd bdith`d` quj bgaprd, jc bgisuah`gr js pgbg prgfdfcj quj bgaprj < fgtjccds `j vhig, jstd tgrbj`urd, hapchbd quj jc bgisuah`gr, cd adygrád `j cds vjbjs vd d qujrjr aäs vhig, duiquj pu`j `drsj jc bdsg quj quhjrd ajigs vhig.
4>0, jc [dslhiktgi ^gst hiegraò quj cgs fjijehbhgs y vjitds `j BDBHH Hit BDB Hitjri jridth dthgi gidc dc Hib Hib., ., sj ldf ldfádi ádi `hs `hspdr pdrd`g d`g `ur `urdi ditj tj cgs trj trjs s ajs ajsjs js ditjrhgrjs dc 24 `j adrzg. Jc [dslhiktgi ^gst dtrhfuád cgs rjsuctd`gs pgshthvgs d uid adygr `jadi`d `j rj`js `j bgauihbdbhgijs, shstjads `j rjb jbgp gphc hcdb dbhò hòi i `j hi hitj tjch chkj kjib ibhd hd y shst shstja jads ds jcjb jcjbtr tròi òihb hbgs gs id idvd vdcj cjs s prg`ubh`gs pgr BDBH Hitjridthgidc pdrd jc Kgfhjrig. Cgs rjspgisdfcjs `j cd japrjsd dehradrgi quj cds vjitds dc ^jitäkgig ldfádi brjbh`g ui 2; pgr bhjitg `urditj jc prhajr trhajstrj `j 6>>0. ^gr jc bgitrdrhg, cds vjitds d cds dkjibhds bhvhcjs `urditj jc ahsag pjrhg`g ldfádi duajitd`g ui 4; pgr bhj bhjitg itg.. Rup Rupgi gikd kd quj jc gfo gfojth jthvg vg `jc bgi bgisjo sjojrg jrg `jc `jcjkd jkd`g `g `j BDB BDBHH bgishstád ji duajitdr cd rjitdfhch`d` y cd prgtjbbhòi `jc sjbtgr `j cds dkjibhds bhvhcjs duajitdi`g cd pcdithccd `j vji`j`grjs, y quj sdfj quj cgs fjijehbhgs sgi uid euibhòi `j cd prg`ubbhòi `d`d pgr ώ 16: q ∖q 6
(ji ahccgijs `j `òcdrjs jstd`guih`jisjs). @hfuoj cd euibhòi `j fjijehbhgs `j cd ja japr prjs jsd. d. Bg Bgap apdr drj j y bg bgit itrd rdst stj j cd pr prg` g`ub ubbh bhòi òi y cgs cgs fj fjij ijeh ehbh bhgs gs uthchzdi`g cgs shkuhjitjs shstjads `j rjtrhfubhòi ji euibhòi `jc supujstg `j qu quj j cgs cgs `hrj `hrjbt bthv hvgs gs `j vj vjit itds ds bg bgis ish` h`jr jrdi di qu quj j cd prg` prg`ub ubbh bhòi òi y cgs cgs fjijeh fji jehbhg bhgs s sgi "fh "fhjij jijs"? s"? (d) cd jap japrjs rjsd d rjt rjtrhf rhfuyj uyj d cgs `hr `hrjbt jbthvg hvgs s `j vjit vj itds ds ji eu euib ibhò hòi i jx jxbc bcus ushv hvda daji jitj tj `j cd pr prg` g`ub ubbh bhòi òi== (f) (f) cd ja japr prjs jsd d rjtrhfuyj d cgs `hrjbthvgs `j vjitds jxbcushvdajitj ji euibhòi `j cgs fjijehbhgs= (b) cd japrjsd rjtrhfuyj d cgs `hrjbthvgs `j vjitds ji euibhòi `j uid bgafhidbhòi `j cd prg`ubbhòi y cgs fjijehbhgs.
Fjijebhg 4 45> 40> 46> 4>> 5> 0> 6> > >
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Ji cd kräehbd sj puj`j gfsjrvdr cd euibhòi `j fjijehbhg, japjzdi`g `js`j jc bgrtj bgi jc joj lgrhzgitdc `j cd `jrjbld, ji jstj puitg ldy bjrg fjijehbhgs, pdrd budi`g sj prg`ubji 6: uih`d`js, jstd prg`ubbhòi js budi`g cgs kjstgrjs bgapjisdi cd prg`ubbhòi, jc puitg aäs dctg `j cd pdräfgcd js budi`g sj thjiji 46.: uih`d`js, y ji fjijehbhgs $4:5.6:, ji jstgs bdsgs cd bgafhidbhòi `j prg`ubbhòi y fjijehbhgs sj uthchzd, pgr pdrtj `j cgs kjrjitjs `j cd japrjsd.
48. Rjkÿi ui drtábucg `j 6>>0 pufchbd`g ji Plj [dcc Rtrjjt Oguridc, "Jc shstjad `j rjtrhfubhòi `j cgs trdfdod`grjs `j Bdchegrihd js uig `j cgs aäs bdrgs `jc pdás dc thjapg quj gerjbj cds ajigrjs prjstdbhgijs". Jc drtábucg dtrhfu dtr hfuyj yj js jstj tj rj rjsuc suctd` td`g g d cgs chthkh chthkhgs gs y d cds br brjbh jbhjit jitjs js `j `jadi adi`ds `ds `j hi`jaihzdbhòi pgr dbbh`jitjs. Ji jejbtg, cds prhads `j cgs japrjsdrhgs ldi ld i du duaj ajit itd` d`g g ui ;> pg pgrr bhji bhjitg tg ji cgs cgs `g `gs s ÿc ÿcth thag ags s dô dôgs gs.. ^g ^grr jc jccg cg,, aublg aub lgs s jap japrjs rjsdrh drhgs gs sj ldi vhs vhstg tg gfc gfchkd hkd`gs `gs d rj`ub rj`ubhr hr cgs sdc sdcdrh drhgs, gs, d `jspj`hr d trdfdod`grjs g d trdscd`drsj d gtrg Jstd`g. Rupgikd quj jc prgphj prg phjtdr tdrhg hg `j Bgi Bgistr strubb ubbhgi hgijs js Fgy Fgyjr jr jst jstä ä vhè vhèi` i`gsj gsj dej dejbtd btd`g `g pg pgrr cds adygrjs prhads quj thjij quj pdkdr pgr sus trdfdod`grjs y ld `jbh`h`g rjbgrtdr cgs sdcdrhgs `j sus `gs japcjd`gs (Dcfjrtg y Jstjfdi) `j 6>
`òcdrjs pgr lgrd d 4< `òcdrjs pgr lgrd. Rupgikd quj Dcfjrtg y Jstjfdi bgis bg ish` h`jr jrdi di cd rj rjit itd d y jc gb gbhg hg bg bgag ag "f "fhj hjij ijs" s",, qu quj j da dafg fgs s th thji jiji ji ui uid d rjcdbhòi adrkhidc `j susthtubhòi `jbrjbhjitj jitrj rjitd y gbhg, y quj cgs trdfdod`g trdf dod`grjs rjs thjij thjiji i cds ahsad ahsads s rjstr rjstrhbbhg hbbhgijs ijs prj prjsupu supujstdr jstdrhds hds ditj ditjs s y `js jsp puès `j ha hap puj ujst stg gs bg bgi i bd` d`d d sdcd dcdrh rhg g. @h @hf fuoj jc bg bgi iou oui itg `j gpgrtuih`d`js gpgrtuih`d` js `j bd`d trdfdod`gr pdrd bd`d sdcdrhg pgr lgrd. Dc sdcdrhg `j 6> `òcdrjs pgr lgrd, sj ld gfsjrvd`g quj tditg Dcfjrtg bgag Jstjfdi bgisuaji 40 lgrds `j gbhg (g, cg quj js jquhvdcjitj, gerjbj 4> lgrds `j trdfdog). Prds cd rj`ubbhòi `j cgs sdcdrhgs d 4< `òcdrjs, Dcfjrtg bgisuaj 46 lgrds `j gbhg y Jstjfdi bgisuaj 45 lgrds `j gbhg. Bdcbucj jc iÿajrg `j lgrds `j trdfdog quj gerjbj bd`d trdfdod`gr d ui sdcdrhg `j 4< `òcdrjs pgr lgrd. ·^uj`j jxpchbdr jc dpdrjitj rjsuctd`g bgitrd`hbtgrhg `j quj cgs trdfdod`grjs gerjzbdi ui iÿajrg `j lgrds `j trdfdog t rdfdog `hsthitg7 Rhtudbhòi `j Dcfjrt
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