Capitulo 4 La Naturaleza de Los Datos

September 22, 2022 | Author: Anonymous | Category: N/A
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PINR@WVNEJE PINR@WVNE JE JPUCICDJ E@ ZP@W@UJWC BJFPL JFPLUJE E@ NI NIBCW BCWDJ DJUN UNFJ FJ

Lj ijturjl`zj e` lcs ejtcs

 

 Ijturjl`zj e` lcs vjlcr`s Rjlcr`s Iudîrnfc s







Rjlcr`s Fje`ij



Fêlfulcs jrntdîfcs @it`rcs, e`fndjl`s sndpl` sc ecgl`s.

Rjlcr`s fcdpu`stcs pcr uij s`rn` e` fjrjft`r`s, sclc vjlcr. qu` sci trjtjecs fcdc ui @h`dplc8 “m—+ “ò—+ “l—+ ““j— j— 4 ““mclj—

Fci lcs vjlcr`s `s pcsngl` r`jlnzjr cp`rjfnci`s jrdîfjs, löanfjs y e` fcdpjrjfnöi.

 

Rjlcr`s

• •

Rjlcr`s qu` jldjf`iji uij b`fmj e` fjl`iejrnc. Lciantue hj

B`fmj Rjlcr`s gccl`jics Rjlcr`s iulcs



Rjlcr`s gnijrnc fcdpu`stcs pcri `l fcihuitc {;,:}.



[`rdnt`i dji`hjr pjr`s e` vjlcr`s dutujd`it` `xfluy`it`s, fcdc v`reje`rc-bjlsc Ujdgnîi lljdjec vjlcr`s löanfcs







@s lj jus`ifnj e` vjlcr, s` nienfj qu` `l vjlcr s` e`sfcicf`. @h`dplc8 x45+iull, r`sultjec iull

 

[rcpn`eje`s e` lcs ejtcs •

Lcs ejtcs, sci r`pr`s`itjfnci`s sndgölnfjs ic snainfjvjs. J trjvîs e`l prcf`sjdn`itc y lj nit`rpr`tjfnöi s` fciv`rrêi `i nibcrdjfnöi.    c Ecdninc    t qu`    j     e p`rdnt` `l    `

jldjf`ij dn`itc     e    ce` uij    p    n    U ijturjl`z j e` ejtc.

   c    n tc e`    d    c vjlcr`s    E    n Fcihui    i

vêlnecs pjrj ui ejtc

@s lj    e    j i`f`sneje     e    n qu`    l s`    j `i`   i e`    c qu` ui    n ejtc   f    p t`iaj    C vjlcr

   r

@xpr`snöi    c     l jldjf`ij    j    R ej fcdc ejtc

 

@xpr`snci`s •

Pij `xpr`snöi `s `l vjlcr e` ui ejtc.  ‖

 ‖

@xpr`snöi jgsclutj8 su r`pr`s`itjfnöi `s lnt`rjl @xpr`snöi fcdpu`stj8 sn `s i`f`sjrnc r`sclv`r ui vjlcr j pjrr e` ctrcs @xpr`snöi jgsclutj e`

@xpr`snöi jgsclutj e` pc iudîrnfc8 5

pc gccl`jic8 Bjls` @xpr`snöi jgsclutj e` pc fje`ij8 “Ejtc—

@xpr`snöi fcdpu`stj e` pc iudîrnfc8 5+:;

 

Rjrnjgl`s •



Pij vjrnjgl` `s uij r`b`r`ifnj löanfj icdnijej j lj pcsnfnöi snfj e` d`dcrnj WJD `i ecie` s` jldjf`ij uij `xpr`snöi. Lcs icdgr`s e` vjrnjgl`s, pcr r`alj a`i`rjl , e`g`i fudplnr fci ljs snaun`it`s r`aljs8  ‖

Vn`dpr` e`g`i ninfnjr fci uij l`trj

 ‖

E`g`i fcdpcirs` e` l`trjs y eäantcs

 ‖

Ic pu`e`i fcit`i`r `spjfncs `i gljifc in fjrjft`r`s `sp`fnjl`s

 ‖

 ‖

 ‖

Ljs l`trjs jf`itujejs y ctrcs snaic r`ancijl`s s` fcisne`rji fjrjft`r`s `sp`fnjl`s Ic e`g`i `xf`e`r e` 67 fjrjft`r`s E`g`i s`r r`pr`s`itjvc e`l vjlcr qu` jldjf`iji

 

Jrr`alcs •



Lcs jrr`alcs  sci vjrnjgl`s qu` p`rdnt`i jscfnjr, j trjvîs trjv îs e` ui dnsdc icdgr` e` vjrnjgl`s, vjrnjs pcsnfnci`s e` d`dcrnj. Juiqu` uineje pcr ui dnsdc icdgr`, ljs pcsnfnci`s e` d`dcrnj dji`hjejs `i bcrdj e` jrr`alc s` enb`r`ifnji pcr ui iød`rc øinfc jl qu` fcicf`dcs fcdc sugäienf`

 

Lcs tnpc e` ejtcs y su scpcrt` `i lcs l`iaujh`s •

Pi Unpc e` ejtc `s ui ecdninc icdnijec e` ejtcs qu` p`rdnt` `l jldjf`ijdn`itc e` uij e`t`rdnijej ijturjl`zj e` ejtc, jt`ien`iec ui arjec e` `x `xjftue jftue `sp`fäfc, fjusjiec ui fcisudc e` e`t`rdnijec e `t`rdnijec jldjf`ijdn`itc.

 

Rnsujl Gjsnf.I@U Unpc

Fcisudc `i Gyt`s S

Ecdninc e` Unpc

gccl`ji

 

Uru` c Bjls`

gyt`

: gyt`

; j 700 (sni snaic)

e`fndjl

:2 gyt`s

; j +/1>.77=.:27.0:5.725.661.0>6.056 .>0;.660 ; j +/1>77=:270:57256610>6056>0; 660 fci 7= pcsnfnci`s j lj e`r`fmj e`l snaic e`fndjl.

nit`a`r

5 gyt`s

-7.:51.5=6.25= j 7.:51.5=6.251

Vtrnia

Fljs` (7 gyt`s pcr fjrjft`r, jprcx)

Fje`ijs e` fjrjft`r`s.

 

F# Unpc

Fcisudc `i Gyt`s S

Ecdninc e` Unpc

gccl

 

Uru` c Bjls`

gyt`

: gyt`

; j 700 (sni snaic)

e`fndjl

:2 gyt`s

; j +/1>.77=.:27.0:5.725.661.0>6.056 .>0;.660 ; j +/1>77=:270:57256610>6056>0; 660 fci 7= pcsnfnci`s j lj e`r`fmj e`l snaic e`fndjl.

nit

5 gyt`s

-7.:51.5=6.25= j 7.:51.5=6.251

Vtrnia

Fljs` (7 gyt`s pcr fjrjft`r, jprcx)

Fje`ijs e` fjrjft`r`s.

 

F++ Unpc gccl

Fcisudc `i Gyt`s S

Ecdninc e` Unpc Uru` c Bjls`

smcrt

7 gyt`

-67,121 j 67,121

ecugl`

= gyt`s

E` :;-6;=j :;6;=

nit

5 gyt`s

-7.:51.5=6.25= j 7.:51.5=6.251

Vtrnia

Fljs` (: gyt` pcr fjrjft`r, jprcx)

Jrr`alc e` fjrjft`r`s.

 

Hjvj Unpc

Fcisudc `i Gyt`s

gccl

S

Ecdninc e` Unpc Uru` c Bjls`

gyt`

: gyt`

-:7= j :71

e`fndjl

= gyt`s

->,776,617,;62,=05,110,=;= j >,776,617,;62,=05,110,=;1

nit

5 gyt`s

-7.:51.5=6.25= j 7.:51.5=6.251

Vtrnia

Fljs` (: gyt`s pcr fjrjft`r, jprcx)

Jrr`alc e` fjrjft`r`s.

 

Ecdninc

Ecdninc pc e`

Ecdninc e` Ecdninc e` r`alj e` r`ljfnöi i`acfnc

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