Cap 10

 

Sosthfns kh Ogdlrfncolg Ahrhgconb [hfn: Cnp. >9 H-clffhrch H-clffhrch:: fhrcnkls koaotnbhs, prlkuctls koaotnbhs Lejhtovls: >.  5.  3.  ;.  8. 

Koshþnr ug guhvl flkhbl kh ghalcols vosunb Xsnr rhkhs slconbhs Hgbostnr ghalcols pnrtocopngths Ofpbhfhgtnr ensh kh kntls kh ofîahghs Ofpbhfhgtnr mhrrnfohgtns kh rhkhs slconbhs

Ngîbosos kh bls thfns:

Gl. Kh Lejhtovl

[hfn progcopnb

sue-thfns

Hbhfhgtls cbnvhs

>

Cunbhs slg bns cnrncthrostocns khb H-clffhrch, bls fhrcnkls koaotnbhs y bls prlkuctls koaotnbhs

Hb H-clffhrch hg bn nctunboknk

* [rntn slerh bns trngsnccolghs clfhrconbh clfhrconbhss clg cnpncoknk koaotnb hgtrh lrangozncolghs h ogkovokuls. * Bns ghalconcolghs ghalconcolghs lcurrhg n trnvïs kh Ogthrght y Qhe. * Bns trngsnccolghs clfhrconbhs ogvlbucrng hb ogthrcnfeol kh vnblr (hs khcor, koghrl) n trnvïs kh bls bæfoths lrangozncolgnb lrangozncolgnbhs hs l ogkovokunbhs, n cnfeol kh prlkuctls y shrvocols

Clffhrch: slconb, flvob y blcnb

Bls topls kh h-clffhrch slconb, fóvob y blcnb hstîg clghctnkl clghctnkls. s. N fhkokn quh bls kosplsotovls fóvobhs fóvobhs sh vuhbvhg fîs plkhrlsls, slg fîs útobhs pnrn ncchkhr n Dnchell` y ltrls sotols slconbhs. N fhkokn quh cnkn vhz fîs phrslgns nklptng bls kosplsotovls slconbhs, slconbhs, bls cbohgths puhkhg usnrbls pnrn euscnr clfhrcongths blcnbhs y ïstls puhkhg usnrbls pnrn nbhrtnr n bls cbohgths slerh ldhrtns hsphconbhs hg sus blcnboknkhs.

Ylrquh hs kod kodhrhgth hrhgth hb h-clffhrch

Bn rhspuhstn rhspuhstn rh rhcnh cnh hg hg bn gnturnbhzn úgocn kh Ogthrght y Qhe. Qhe. So bl khcofls khcofls clg sofpbhzn, Ogthrght y bns thcglblaæns khb h-clffhrch slg fucml fîs rocns y plkhrlsns quh bns rhvlbucolghs kh thcglblaæns ngthrolrhs, clfl bn rnkol, bn thbhvosoóg y hb thbïdlgl.

 

5

Yrogcopnbhs flkhbls kh ghalcol h ogarhsls khb H-clffhrch

Clgchptls cbnvhs hg hb h-clffhrch: h- clffhrch: fhrcnkls koaotnbhs y prlkuctls koaotnbhs hg hb fhrcnkl ablenb

Nsofhtræn kh ogdlrfncoóg cungkl hg ugn trngsnccoóg ugn kh bns pnrths tohgh fîs ogdlrfncoóg quh hs ofplrtngth pnrn bn trngsnccoóg, quh bn ltrn pnrth. Hsn ogdlrfncoóg nyukn n khthrfognr su plkhr rhbntovl kh ghalconcoóg. Hg bls fhrcnkls koaotnbhs, bls clgsufoklrhs y bls prlvhhklrhs puhkhg ‒vhr‖ bls prhcols quh sh clerng plr bls nrtæcubls y, hg hsh shgtokl, sh koch quh bls fhrcnkls koaotnbhs slg fîs ‒trngspnrhgths‖ quh bls trnkocolgnbhs. Njusth kogîfocl kh prhcols, hb prhcol kh ug prlkuctl vnræn khphgkohgkl kh bns cnrncthræstocns kh bn khfngkn khb cbohgth, l kh bn sotuncoóg kh bn ldhrtn khb vhgkhklr.

[opls kh h-clffhrch

Hb h-clffhrch kh ghalcol n clgsufoklr (E5C) ofpbocn bn vhgtn nb khtnbbh kh prlkuctls y shrvocols n clfprnklrhs ogkovokunbhs. Hb h-clffhrch kh ghalcol n ghalcol (E5E) clfprhgkh bn vhgtn kh prlkuctls y shrvocols hgtrh hfprhsns. Hb h-clffhrch kh clgsufoklr n clgsufoklr (C5C)  ofpbocn n bls clgsufoklrhs quh vhgkhg korhctnfhgth n ltrls clgsufoklrh clgsufoklrhs. s.

Flkhbls kh ghalcols kh h-clffhrch

H-tnobhr Thgkh korhctnfhgth prlkuctls dæsocls dæsocls n bls clgsufoklrhs l n hfprhsns

ogkovokunbhs. Nahgth kh trngsnccolghs Nmlrrn n bls usunrols tohfpl y koghrl nb prlchsnr bns trngsnccolghs kh bns vhgtns hg bæghn y ahghrnr ugn cultn cnkn vhz quh lcurrh ugn trngsnccoóg. Crhnklr kh fhrcnkl Yrlvhh ug hgtlrgl koaotnb klgkh sh puhkhg rhugor clfprnklrhs y vhgkhklrhs, euscnr prlkuctls, flstrnrbls y hstnebhchr prhcols. Yrlvhhklr kh clgthgokl Crhn ogarhsls nb prlvhhr clgthgokl koaotnb clfl gltocons, fúsocn, dltls l vokhl, n trnvïs kh Qhe. Hb cbohgth puhkh pnanr pnrn ncchkhr nb clgthgokl, l sh puhkhg ahghrnr ogarhsls nb vhgkhr hspncol puebocotnrol. Yrlvhhklr clfugotnrol Yrlvhh ug buanr kh rhugoóg hg bæghn klgkh bns phrslgns clg ogthrhshs sofobnrhs sh puhkhg ogdlrfncoóg útob. Ylrtnb Yrlvhh ug pugtl ogoconbclfugocnr kh hgtrnknynhgclgtrnr Qhe, nkhfîs kh clgthgokl hsphconboznkl y ltrls shrvocols Yrlvhhklr kh shrvocols Yrlvhh npbocncolghs Qhe 5.9 pnrn clfpnrtor dltls, vokhls y clgthgokl ahghrnkl plr bls usunrols clfl shrvocols. Yrlvhh ltrls shrvocols clfl hb nbfnchgnfohgtl y rhspnbkl kh kntls hg bæghn

 

Flkhbls kh ogarhsls kh h-clffhrch

3

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Clfl mn trngsdlrfnkl hb hclffhrch nb fnr`htoga

Clfl mn ndhctnkl hb h-clffhrch bns trngsnccolghs kh ghalcol n ghalcol

Flkhbl kh ogarhsls plr puebocoknk, ug sotol Qhe ahghrn ogarhsls nb ntrnhr ugn arng nukohgcon kh vosotngths quh puhkhg hstnr hxpuhstls n ngugcols puebocotnrols. Flkhbl kh ogarhsls plr vhgtns , bns clfpnþæns letohghg sus ogarhsls n trnvïs kh bn vhgtn kh prlkuctls, ogdlrfncoóg l shrvocols n bls cbohgths. Flkhbl kh ogarhsls plr suscropcoóg , ug sotol Qhe quh ldrhch clgthgokl l shrvocols clern ugn cultn kh suscropcoóg plr hb ncchsl n ugn pnrth l n tlkls sus ldrhcofohgtlss hg dlrfn clgtogun. ldrhcofohgtl Flkhbl kh ogarhsls arntuotl/drhhfouf bns hfprhsns ldrhchg clgthgokl l shrvocols eîsocls sog clstl, y clerng ugn profn plr bns cnrncthræstocns nvngznkns l hsphconbhs. Flkhbl kh ogarhsls kh cultn plr trngsnccoóg, ugn clfpnþæn rhcoeh ugn cultn plr phrfotor l hjhcutnr ugn trngsnccoóg. Flkhbl kh ogarhsls kh ndobonkls, bls sotols Qhe hgvæng vosotngths n ltrls sotols Qhe n cnfeol kh ugn cultn plr rhdhrhgcon l ug plrchgtnjh kh bls ogarhsls plr cunbhsquohr vhgtns rhsubtngths.

^uh hs bn nkfogostrncolg kh rhbncolghs clg bls cbohgths

Fnr`htoga koroaokl clg ensh hg hb clfplrtnfohgtl

Sh rhdohrh nb rnstrhl kh bls dbujls kh cbocs (hb mostlronb khb clfplrtnfohgtl kh bls cbocs) kh bls ogkovokuls hg fobhs kh sotols Qhe, clg hb prlpósotl kh clfprhgkhr sus ogthrhshs h ogthgcolghs pnrn hxplghrbls n ngugcols quh hstîg nknptnkls kh fnghrn úgocn n su clfplrtnfo clfplrtnfohgtl. hgtl.

H-clffhrch slconb y fnr`htoga hg rhkhs slconbhs

Hb h-clffhrch slconb hs clfhrcol quh sh ensn hg bn okhn khb arîdocl slconb koaotnb. Hsth arîdocl hs ug fnpn kh tlkns bns rhbncolghs slconbhs hg bæghn soagodocntovns. Hb arîdocl slconb hs sogógofl kh bn okhn kh ugn ‒rhk slconb‖ utoboznkn pnrn khscroeor bns rhbncolghs clgvhgcolgnbhs.

Ogthrcnfeol hbhctrlgocl hbhctrlgocl kh kntls

Hb ogthrcnfeol hbhctrógocl kh kntls (HKO), hb cunb phrfoth ug ogthrcnfeol korhctl kh clfputnklrn n clfputnklrn hgtrh kls lrangozncolghs clg trngsnccolghs hstîgknr clfl dncturns, clglcofohgtls kh hfenrquh, prlarnfns kh hgvæl u órkhghs kh clfprn. Bns trngsnccolghs sh trngsfothg nutlfîtocnfhgth kh ug sosthfn kh

ogdlrfncoóg n ltrl plr fhkol kh ugn rhk, clg bl cunb sh hbofogn bn ghchsoknk kh ofprofor y fnghjnr pnphbhs hg ug hxtrhfl y kh ogtrlkucor kntls hg hb ltrl.

 

8

4

Cunb hs hb rlb khb F-clffhrch hg bls ghalcols, y cunbhs slg bns npbocncolghs fns ofplrtngths khb F-clffhrch

Clg quh nsphctls mny quh kbokonr nb crhnr ugn prhshgcon kh Hclffhrch

Guhvns dlrfns kh clfprnr y vhgkhr fhkongth E5E

Bns rhkhs ogkustronbhs provnkns clgsosthg, plr bl ahghrnb, hg ugn hfprhsn kh arng tnfnþl quh utobozn ug sotol Qhe shaurl pnrn hgbnznrsh clg sus prlvhhklrhs y ltrls slcols kh ghalcols cbnvh. Bls fhrcnkls Ght, quh sh clglchg tnfeoïg clfl h-mues, prlvhhg ug slbl fhrcnkl koaotnb ensnkl hg thcglblaæn kh Ogthrght pnrn fucmls clfprnklrhs y vhgkhklrhs kostogtls .

Shrvocols ensnkls hg bn ueocncoóg y npbocncolghs

Xg shrvocol ahlslconb puhkh khcorbh kógkh sh vng n rhugor sus nfoals. Bls shrvocols kh ahlpuebocoknk puhkhg khcorbh kógkh hgclgtrnr hb rhstnurngth otnbongl fîs chrcngl. Bls shrvocols kh ahlogdlrfncoóg puhkhg khcorbh hb prhcol kh ugn cnsn quh hstî vohgkl, l knrbh ogdlrfncoóg slerh bns hxmoeocolghs hsphconbhs hg ug fushl plr hb quh hstï pnsngkl

Ltrls shrvocols khb clfhrcol flvob

Bls engcls y bns clfpnþæns kh tnrjhtns kh crïkotl hstîg ldrhcohgkl shrvocols quh dncobotng n bls cbohgths bn nkfogostrncoóg kh sus cuhgtns khskh sus kosplsotovls kosplsotovls fóvobhs.

Khsnrrlbbh ug fnpn kh prhshgcon kh hclffhrch

 

Khsnrrlbbh ugn boghn kh tohfpl