Cameron Ring Joints Description

DRAWNBY F.E.

PROPERTYOF # COOPER Cooper OilTool

“R”

Bl

DATE 16 SEPTEMBER 1981

API AND CAMERON ===============

API Type

REVlSlON JUST

ENGINEERING BULLETIN NO. 576 D PAGE 1 OF 8

lFEB83

-RING JOINT DESIGN ===zz===

Ring Joint

Gasket

The type "R" ring joint gasket is not energised by internal Sealing takes place along small bands of contact pressure. between the grooves and the gasket, on both the OD and ID of. the The gasket may be either octagonal or oval in cross gasket. The type "R" design does not allow face-to-face contact section. between the hubs or flanges, so external loads are transmitted through the sealing surfaces of the ring. Vibration and external loads may cause the small bands of contact between the ring and the ring grooves to deform plastically, so that the joint may develop a leak unless the flange bolting is periodically tightened. Standard procedure with type I'R" joints in the BOP stacks is to tighten the flange bolting weekly.

Figure

1

DRAWN ?ROPERTYOF

I

REWSlON

BY

F-E.

-1

COOPER

ENGINEERING~BULLETIN

JUST

lF;;,3

/

%E

z7;Fu8

Comer OilTool

API .Type

“RX”

Pressure-Energized

Ring Joint

Gasket

The 'QXqV pressure-energised ring joint gasket was developed by Cooper Oil Tool (formerly Cameron.Iron Works) and adopted by API. Sealing takes place along small bands of c'ontact between the grooves and the OD of the gasket. The gasket is made slightly larger in diameter than the grooves', and is compressed slightly The V?X" to achieve initial sealing as the .joint is tightened. design does not allow face-to-face contact between the hubs or, ,'flanges. However, the gasket has large load-bearing surfaces ion its inside diameter to transmit ~external loadswithout plastic deformation of the sealing surfaces of the gasket. Cooper Oil Tool recommends that a new gasket.be used each time the joint is made up.

l

Figure

2

DRAWN PROPERTY

OF

i COOPER -

BY

F.E.

RE”IS,cJN

JUST Bl

DATE 16 SEPTEMBER 1981

CooperOilTool

API Type

“BX”

Pressure-Energized

‘Ring

Joint

ENGINEERING BULLETIN 576 D NO. PAGE 3 OF 8

lFEB83

Gasket

The "BX" pressure-energised ring joint gasket was designed for face-to-face contact of the hubs or flanges. Sealing takes place along small bands of contact between the grooves and the OD of the gasket. The gasket.is made slightly larger in diameter than and is compressed slightly to achieve initial the grooves, sealing as the joint is -tightened. Although the intent of the ItBXVVdesign was face-to-face contact between the hubs or flanges, the groove and gasket tolerances, which are adopted, are such that, if the ring dimension, is on the high side of the tolerance range and the groove dimension is on the low side of the .tolerance range, face-to-face contact may be very difficult'to achieve. Without face-tohface contact, vibration and external loads can cause plastic deformation of the ring, eventually resulting in leaks. Both flanged and clamp hub 'BX" joints are equally prone to this difficulty. The "BX" gasket is frequently manufactured with axial holes to ensure pressure balance, since both the ID and the OD of the gasket may contact the grooves.

Figure

3

DRAWN BY F.E.

lOPERTY OF I OOPER Cooper OilTool

API Face-to-Face

REVlSlON JUST

Bl

DATE 16 SEPTEMBER 1981

Type

“RX”

.Pressure-Energized

ENGINEERING BULLETIN 576 D NO. PAGE.4 OF 8

lFEB83

Ririg Joint

Gasket

The face-to-face "RX" pressure-energized ring joint gasket was Sealing adopted by API asthe standard joint for clamp hubs. takes place along small bands of contact between the grooves and the OD oft the gasket. The,gasket is made slightly larger in diameter than the grooves, and is compressed slightly to achieve initial sealing as ~the joint is tightened. ?ace-to-fac~e contact between the hubs is ensured by~an increased groove width, but this leaves.the gasket unsupported on,its ID. Wi~thout support from the ID of the grooves~, the gasket may not remain perfectly round as the joint is tightened. If the gasket buckles or develops flats, the joint may leak.

.

Figure

4

a

DRAWNBY F.E.

PROPERTYOF 0 c OOPER d

Bl

DATE

CooperOilTool

Cameron

RE”lSlON JUST

Face-to-Face

16 SEPTEMBER 1981

Type “RX”

Pressure-Energized

ENGINEERING BULLETIN 576 D NO. PAGE 5 OF 8

lFEB83

Ring Joint

Groove

Cooper Oil Tool (formerly Cameron Iron Works) modified the API face-to-face type "RX'~ pressure-energised ring joint grooves to prevent any possible leaking caused by the buckling of the gasket in the API groove. The same API face-to-face type "FGP pressureenergised ring joint gaskets are used with these modified grooves. Sealing takes place along small bands of contact between the grooves and the OD of the gasket. The gasket is made slightly larger in diameter than the grooves, and is compressed slightly to achieve initial sealing as the joint is tightened. The gasket ID will also contact the grooves when it is made up. This constraint of the gasket prevents any possible leaking. caused by the.buckling of the gasket. Hub face-to-face contact is maintained within certain tolerances. The maximum theoretical standoff from the stackup of the tolerances of the gasket and the Ref: groove is 0.022 inches. X-23325-l

a

Figure

5

DRAWN PROPERTY

OF

I COOPER

P.E”,SlON

JUST Bl

Cm-E

Cooper OilTool

Cameron

BY

F.E.

Type~“AX”

16 SEPTEMBER 1981

Pressure-Energized

Ring Joint

'ENGINEERING BULLETIN NO. 576 D PAGE 6 OF 8

lFEB83

Gasket

The "AX" pressure-energised ring joint gasket was developed by Sealing takes Cooper Oil Tool (formerly Cameron Iron Works). place along small bands of contact between the grooves and the OD The gasket is made slightly larger in diameter of the gasket. than the grooves and is compressed slightly to achieve initial sealing as the joint is tightened. The ID of' the gasket is smooth and is almost flush with the hub bore. Sealing occurs at a diameter which is only slightly greater than the diameter of the hub bore, so the axial pressure load on the collet'connector is held to an absolute minimum. The belt at the center of the gasket keeps it from buckling or cocking as the joint is being made up. The OD of the gasket is grooved. This allows the use of retractable pins or dogs to positively retain the'gasket in the,base of the collet connector when the hubs are separated. The gasket design allows face-to-face contact between the hubs to be~achieved with minimal clamping force. External loads are transmitted entirely through the hub faces and cannot damage the gasket.

e*

,' I

Figure

6

DRAWNBY F-E.

PROPERTYOF

Cameron

Type “Cx”

REVlSlON

JUST

Preshe-Energized

Ring Joint

ENGINEERING

BULLETIN

Gasket

The llCX*l pressure-energised ring joint gasket was developed by Cooper Oil Tool (formerly Cameron Iron Works). Sealing takes place along small bands of contact between the grooves and the OD of the gasket. The gasket is made slightly larger in diameter than the grooves, and is compressed slightly to achieve initial sealing as the joint ins tightened. The gasket is patterned after the "AX" gasket, but is recessed, rather than being flush'with the hub bore for protection against keyseating. The gasket seals on approximately the same diameter as do the %X1' and 81BX88 gaskets. The belt at the center of the gasket keeps it from buckling or cocking as the joint is being made up; Since the "CX1' gasket is protected from keyseating, it is suitable for use throughout the BOP and riser system, except at the base of the collet connector. The gasket design allows face-to-face contact between the clamp hubs or flanges to be achieved with minimal clampins force. External loads are transmitted entirely - through the hub-faces and cannot damage the gasket-~

0

iI

I

I Figure

7

a -

DRAWN PROPERTY

OF

I COOPER

REVISION

BY

F.E.

JUST Bl

DATE 16 SEPTEMBER 1981

CooperOilTool

Application of Cameron Type “AX” and Pressure-Energized Ring Joint Gaskets

ENGINEERING BULLETIN 576 D NO. PAGE 8 OF 8

lFEB83

“CX”

Both the 8*AX1' and "CXS1 pressure-energised ring gaskets allow face-to-face contact between the hubs 'to be achieved with minimal clamping force. The,"AX" gasket is used at the base of the collet since the lower gasket must be positively retained connector whenthe hubs ar,e separated.

connector, in the

The "AX" design ensures that axial pressure loading on the collet connector'is held to an absolute minimum. The VIAXV1gasket also since these outlets is suitable .for side outlets on the:BOP stack are not subject to keyseating: The **CX1' gasket

is recessed

for

protection

against

The 11CX3V .gasket is suitable ,for use throughout the system; except at the base of the collet connector.

keyseating. BCP and riser