Calculo de Coeficiente de Friccion
August 18, 2022 | Author: Anonymous | Category: N/A
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4 .:
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GIWKIEÙC FG FKXIU
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Lbs pkrë`gtrbs qug ecvbluirk sbc lks prbpegfkfgs fgl jluefb gc iukctb k vesibsefkf y p pgs gs b gs pg ià iàje jeib ib , lks ik rk rkit itgr gràst àstei eiks ks mg b` åtrei åt reiks ks fg lbc metuf metu f y feë` fe ë` gtrb gtr b fg lk tuh tuhgrà gràk, k, y lk fecë`eik fgl jlunb ikrkitgrezkfk pbr lk vglbiefkf prb`gfeb. Lk giukieùc fg Dkmgc_besguellg dk sefb vgrejeikfk `uidks vgigs gc jbr`k gxpgre`gctkl. K pkrter fg lk giuk ieùc (4-6) ustgf fghg bhsgrvkr qug lk pårfefk fg gcgrmàk gc gl jlunb lk`eckr gs ecfg p pgc gc fe fegc gc tg fg lks ib c fe feie iebb cg s fg lk su supg pg rjeie rje iegg fg lk tuhg tu hgràk ràk.. Yb Ybcc lks på pårfe rfefk fkss pb r jreii jre iieùc eùc vesibsk gc gl ectgrebr fgl jluefb lks qug mbhegrckc lk `kmcetuf fg lk pårfefk fg gcgrmàk. Lk g iukieùc fg D kmgc-_besguellg gs vëlefk sùlb pkrk gl jlunb jlunb lk`eckr (CX < 8???). Yec g`hkrmb, sg fenb ibc kctgrebrefkf qug tk`heåc pbfàk uskrsg lk giukieùc fg Fkriy (giukieùc 4-9) pkrk ikliulkr lk pårfefk pbr jreiieùc pkrk gl jlunb lk`eckr. Ye emuklk`bs lks fbs rglkiebcgs pkrk d L, pbfg`bs fgspgnkr gl jkitbr fg jreiieùc> L v8 9 8 rn rnL Lv j T ‖ T ‖ 0 ------ ‖ F 8m y[ 8 R 98e)Lv F8m R :6r)m :6r)m j ~
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4 .= Iukcfb dky jlunb turhulgctb gc tuhgràks gs _ÅXFEFK FG FG pk rk ik li liul ulkr kr lk cårfeDk cårfeD k , ibcv ib cvgc gcegc egctg tg usk uskrr lk giu kieùc kie ùc fg Fkri Fkriyy JXEIIEÙC GC GL GL y vkràk gc S * lk G; turh ulg" —¿ gs ikùteib JLWNB VWXHWLGCVB rgiu rrer k lbs lbs fktbs gxpgre`gctklgs" S Sk^BcgY, pkrk fgtgr`eckr gl vklbr f g/ f gh g ` b s tefkfgs kfe` gcs ebck lgsS V` V;? V;? gl cþ`grb kfl`gcsebckl/fg pgc fg fg btrk btrkss fbs ikcikcr u m b s e f k f r g l k t e v k gs l k ' r g d r ' k -* :y c¿ lfs y lk rum ¿sefkf rglktevk fg lk tuhgràk. Lk su pkrgf g (l (lgtrk gtrk gregpk gregpk ' .-e‐; .-e‐; % lk`gtrb lk`gtrb fg lk tuhgràk tuhgràk F k lk rumbsefkf prb`gfeb fg rumbsefk rumbs efkff fg lk bkrgD D S_Y S_Y* ¿ jemu jemurk rk 4,7 4,7 el elus ustr trk`b k`bss (gc (gc jbr`k jbr`k gxkm gxkmgr grkf kfk) k) lk lk supgrjeieg Lk ibcD ibcD'' à " S I?`? I?`? ,k k,turk k,turk fg —¿ Y _À _ÀI I?Y fg lk lkss ecgmulkrefkfg. fg S fg q u g Y ë d g i d b S _* ~ + y
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²Iuël gs gl vklbr fg zm ‖ zz k2 Gcibctrk`bs qug zH ‖zK 0 +8; ` pbrqug gl puctb puctb H gstë gstë `ës `ës glgvkfb glgvkfb qug qug ggll puctb K. Gstb cbs llgvk k dL, lk pårfefk fg gcgrmàk fghefb k lk jreiieùc gctrg K y H. ²Iuël gs gl pre`gr pksb2 Gl pre`gr pksb gs lk gvklukieùc fgl cþ`grb fg Xgycblfs. Fghg fgtgr`eckr gl tepb fg jlunb, lk`eckr b turhulgctb. Kctgs fg vgr gl pkcgl semuegctg, tgr`ecg gl iëliulb fgl cþ`grb fg Xgycblfs.
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Yg cgigsetk gl vklbr F/g pkrk utelezkr gl fekmrk`k fg @bbfy y gcibctrkr gl vklbr fg/. Lk rumbsefkf fg uc tuhb fg plësteib gstë fkfk gc lk tkhlk 4.8, y gs 9.?
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GIWKIEBCGY _KX _KXK K GL GL JKIVBX FG JXEIIEÙC
Gl fekmrk`k fg @bbfy fg lk jemurk 4.: gs uc `gfeb gxkitb y ibcvgcegctg, qug hkstk pkrk pkrk fgtgr`eckr gl vklbr fgl jkitbr fg jreiieùc kl rgsblvgr prbhlg`ks ibc iëliulbs `kcuklgs. Yec Yec g`hkrmb, se lbs iëliulbs dkc fg sgr kutb`ëteibs pkrk llgmkr k lk sbluieùc gc uck ib`pu tkfbrk b ikliulkfbrk prbmrk`khlg, cgigsetk`bs giukiebcgs pkrk gl jkitbr fg jreiieùc. Lks giukiebcgs qug utelezù @bbfy gc su bhrk sbc lk hksg fgl gcjbqug ib`putkieb- ib`putkieb- ckl.* _grb gsks giukiebcgs sbc gcmbrrbsks y rgquegrgc uc gcjbqug etgrktevb. K ibctecuk ieùc prgsgctk`bs fbs giukiebcgs qug pgr`etgc bhtgcgr lk sbluieùc fergitk pkrk gl jkitbr jkitbr fg jreiieùc. Wck iuhrg gl jlunb lk`eckr y lk btrk sg g`plgk gc gl turhulgctb. zbck ck ffgg jlunb lk lk` `eckr eckr , pkrk vklbrgs pbr fghknb fg 8?? ?, / sg bhtegc Gc lk zb bhtegcgg fg fg lk giukieùc (4-7), / 0
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Jùr`ulk fg fg Dkzgc-] ellek` s pk pkrk rk gl jlunb fg kmuk 869
Lk giukieù c (4-=) prbfu ig vklbrgs fg / qug gstëc ▯+▯; ?% fgctrb Dpe rglkte rglktevk vk F /«. fg ,? ? k ; x ,b — y pkrk pkrk cþ`grbs cþ`grbs * £ £ £ £ £ S gs vertukl`gctg tbfk lk zbck turhulgctk fgl fekmrk`k fg @bbfy. @bbfy.
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_krk ikliulkr gl vklbr fgl jkitbr fg jreiieùc /iukcfb sg ibcbig gl cþ`grb fg Xgycblfs y lk rumbsefkf rglktevk, sg g`plgk lk giukieùc (4-7) pkrk gl jlunb lk`eckr, y lk giukieùc (4-=) pkrk gl jlunb turhulgctb.
_ X BH BH L G @ K @ B F G L B 4 .5 .5
Ikliulg gl vklbr fgl jkitbr fg jreiieùc se gl cþ`grb fg Xgycblfs pkrk gl jlunb gs fg E T E ?7 y lk rumbsefkf rglktevk gs emukl k 8???.
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Ib`b gstb sg gciugctrk gc lk zbck turhulgctk, g`plgk`bs lk giukieùc (4-=), ?.87
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4.5
Lk giukieùc fg Fkriy prgsgctkfk gc gstg ikpàtulb pkrk ikliulkr lk pårfefk fg gcgrmàk fg
ei ieùc ùc gs kp leik le ik h lg pk pkrk rk iu kl qu eg r jlue jl ue fb cg cgw w tb cekc ce kc b. _k _krk rk gl ik sb fg jlun jl unbb J Ù X @ W L K F G D K ^ G C - - he fb k lk jr eiie ]ELLEK@Y _KXK GL GL fg kmuk gc sestg`ks fg tuhgràk gs ibcvgcegctg uc gcjbqug kltgrcktevb. L k j jùù r ` u lk f g D k zg c- ] elellelek` k` s gs uck fg lks `ës pbpulkrgs pkrk gl fesgûb y kcë J L W NB F G K M W K
leses fg sestg`ks defrëuleibs. Yu usb sg le`etk kl jlunb fg kmuk gc tuhgràks ibc feë`g trbs `kybrgs fg 8.? pulm y `gcbrgs fg :.? pegs. Lk vglbiefkf fgl jlunb cb fghg gxigfgr lbs ;?.? pegs/s. Kse`es`b, gstë glkhbrkfk pkrk kmuk k :? ¿J. Yu g`plgb ibc tg`pgrk turks `uidb `ës hknks b kltks biksebckràk iegrtb grrbr. Lk jùr`ulk fg Dkzgc-]ellek`s gs gspgiàjeik gc iukctb k lks ucefkfgs. Gc gl ses tg`k fg ucefkfgs trkfeiebckl fg Gstkfbs Wcefbs kfbptk lk jbr`k semuegctg> v
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fbcfg v
Zglbiefkf prb`gfeb fgl jlunb (pegs/s)
Id
Ibgjeiegctg fg Dkzgc-]ellek`s Dkzgc-]ellek`s (kfe`gcsebckl) (kfe`gcsebckl)
X
Xkfeb defrëuleib fgl ibcfuitb fg jlunb (pegs) Xglkieùc dL/L > pårfefk fg gcgrmàk/lbcmetuf fgl ibcfuitb (pegs/pegs)
s
Gl usb fgl rkfeb defrëuleib gc lk jùr`ulk pgr`etg su kpleikieùc k sgiiebcgs cb ieriulkrgs y tk`heåc k ieriulkrgs. _krk lks sgiiebcgs ieriulkrgs sg g`plgk X 0 FEK. Gstb lb gstu fekrg`bs gc gl ikpàtulb 5. Gl ibgjeiegctg I d sùlb fgpgcfg fg lk ibcfeieùc fg lk supgrjeieg fg lk tuhgràk b ibcfuitb. Lk tkhlk 4.9 prbpbriebck vklbrgs qug sbc ib`ucgs. Bhsgrvg qug klmucbs fg gllbs sbc fgsiretbs ib`b tuhbs cugvbs y le`pebs, `egctrks qug gl vklbr fg fesgûb tb`k gc iugctk lk kiu`ulkieùc fg fgpùsetbs gc lks supgrjeiegs ectgrebrgs fg lk tuhgràk fgs
866
Ikpàtulb 4
Cþ`grb fg Xgycblfs, jlunb lk`eckr, jlunb turhulgctb y pårfefks fg gc ;. Fgtg r` eckr gl tk`kûb fg tuhgràk qug sg rgquegrg pkrk ibcfuier uc jlunb vblu`åtreib fkfb ibc uck pårfefk fg gcgrmàk le`etkfk k iegrtb vklbr gspgiejeikfb. 8. Bh tgcgr lk pårfefk fg gcgrmàk pkrk uc jlunb vblu`å treib fkfb k trkvås fg uck uck tuhgràk tuhgràk ibcbiegcfb su tk`kûb y lbcmetuf. Lk tkhlk 4.6 prgsgctk vkreks jbr`ks qug kfbptk lk jùr`ulk fg Dkzgc-]ellek`s y qug jkieletkc feidbs iëliulbs.
VKHLK 4.6 Jbr`ks kltgrcktevks fg lk jùr`ulk Dk/.ic-]àllek`s.
Wcefkfgs trkfeiebcklgs fg Gstkfbs Wcefbs
Wcefkfgs fgl YE
v 0 ;.98I/, /2¿ :\v¿ 76 76
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s gc pegs/pegs (kfe`gcsebckl)
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Gl cb`bmrk`k qug prgsgctk`bs gc lk jemurk 4.5 pgr`etg rgsblvgr lk jùr`ulk fg Dk zgc-]ellek`s ibc sùlb klecgkr ikctefkfgs ibcbiefks pbr `gfeb fg uck rgitk y lggr lks eciùmcetks gc lk ectgrsgiieùc fg åstk ibc gl gng vgrteikl kprbpekfb. Bhsgcg qug gl cb `bmrk`k gstë ibcstruefb pkrk gl vklbr fgl ibgjeiegctg fg Dkzgc-]ellek`s ibc I/, 0 ;??. Ye lks ibcfeiebcgs rgklgs fg lk tuhgràk mkrkctezkc gl g`plgb fg uc vklbr fejgrgc tg fg I/– sg g`plgkc lks jùr`ulks semuegctgs pkrk knustkr lbs rgsultkfbs. Gl suhàcfeig ;?? sg rgjegrg kl vklbr qug sg lgg gc gc gl cb` bmrk ` k pkrk I I/, /, 0 ;??. ;??. Gl suhàcfeig i sg
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