Calculo de Cargas

DK@J@M^ @K @K^KDYKÝO @KE ^J^PKDM Kxjsttkl jdpo Kxjs jdport rtml mlttks dk dk`j `j`m `mss pmr pmrm `ktk `ktkrd rdjl jlmr mr ke `ksk `kskdp dpký kýo o `k eos GD^ ems numeks jlneuykl em tmsm `k pro`unnjþl `k to`ms ems pmrtks, em tmsm `k pro`unnjþl `k nm`m kstjeo `k pmrtks, em utjejzmnjþl `k `jgkrkltks kstmnjolks `k trmhmco y ke lódkro `k eos skrvj`orks onupm`os kl nm`m kstmnjþl. Kstms dk`j`ms puk`kl skr nmenuem`ms msudjkl`o quk ke GD^ pro`unk m su díxjdm tmsm posjhek.

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Pmsm `k pro`unnjþl `k to`ms ems pmrtks3 Xp* 4 s* / QE*

  @ol`k Xp* 4 tmsm tmsm `k pro`unnjþl díxjdm `k to`os eos kstjeos `k `k pmrtks pro`unj`os pro`unj`os por ke sjstkdm, ke nume ks `ktkrdjlm`o por em nmpmnj`m` `k em kstmnjþl nukeeo `k hotkeem (pzm/djl), s* 4 lódkro `k skrvj`orks kl ke nukeeo `k hotkeem, y QE* 4 nmram `k trmhmco k kl l em kstmnjþl nukeeo `k hotkeem (djl/pzm). •

Pmsm `k pro`unnjþl `k pmrtks jl`jvj`umeks3 sk ohtjklkl duetjpejnml`o ke Xp* por su rkspkntjvm rm`jo `k pmrtks3 Xpc* 4 p c(Xp*) @ol` ol`k Xpc* 4 em tmsm `k pro`unnjþl díxjdm `ke kstjeo c `k pmrtks (pzm/ djl), y p c 4 em grmnnjþl `k pmrtks `ke kstjeo c.

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[tjejzmnjþl3 ks em propornjþl `k tjkdpo quk eos skrvj`orks kstíl trmhmcml`o y lo `k onjo. Ksto ks3 [j 4 (QEj / s j)(X p*)

  @ol`k [ j 4 em utjejzmnjþl `k em kstmnjþl, QE j 4 nmram `k trmhmco `k em kstmnjþl j (djl/pzm), sj 4 lódkro `k skrvj`orks kl em kstmnjþl j, Xp* 4 tmsm `k pro`unnjþl totme (pzm/djl).

• to`ms Ymrm nmenuemr ke prodk`jo utjejzmnjþl `k ems kstmnjolks ems kstmnjolks dms ke`ksjstkdm `k trmlsportk2 ksto ks3sk jlneuykl ţ 4 (∝[ j ) / (l+=), `ks`k j 4 = fmstm l+=.   • [tjejzmnjþl totme `ke GD^

ţs 4 (∝s j [j) / (∝s j ), `ks`k j 4 = fmstm l. @ol`k ţs 4 utjejzmnjþl totme `ke GD^, sj 4 lódkro `k skrvj`orks kl em kstmnjþl j, y [ j 4 utjejzmnjþl `k em kstmnjþl j.

• Ke lódkro lódkro `k skrvj`orks onupm`os kl nm`m kstmnjþl ks3   H^j 4 QE j (Xp*) @ol`k H^ j 4 lódkro `k skrvj`orks onupm`os kl prodk`jo kl em kstmnjþl j, QEj 4 nmram `k trmhmco kl em kstmnjþl j.   Ke pmrídktro g jcb opkrmnjolks quk rkmejz rkmejzm m nm`m jcb   rkprkskltm ke lódkro `k opkrmnjolks kstmnjþl m ems pmrtks j,c y b kl ul jlstmltk `k tjkdpo •

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KCKDYEO = [l sjstkdm gekxjhek `k dmqujlm`o nolsjstk `k 8 kstmnjolks `k dmqujlm`o y ulm kstmnjþl `k nmram y `ksnmram. Em kstmnjþl = ks em `k nmram y `ksnmram. Em kstmnjþl 8 rkmejzm opkrmnjolks `k doej`o y nolsjstk `k `os skrvj`orks. Em kstmnjþl > tjklk ul skrvj`or quk rkmejzm opkrmnjolks `k tmem`ro. Ems kstmnjolk lkss kstíl nolkn knttm`ms por por ul sjstkdm `k trmlspor portk `k 0 nmram`orks. Em dk`jm `ke trmlsportk ks `k > djl. Kstk sjstkdm pro`unk 8 pmrtks, M y H. Ems grmnnjolks `k em dkznem sk prkskltml kl em tmhem. Em grknuklnjm `k opkr op krmn mnjo jolk lkss g jcb jcb 4 =.9 pmrm to`ms ems opkrmnjolks. @ktkrd rdjjlmr3 em tmsm díxjdm `k pro`unnjþl `ke GD^, ems tmsms `k pro`unnjþl pmrm nm`m pro`unto, em utjejzmnjþl `k nm`m kstmnjþl y ke lódkro `k skrvj`orks onupm`os kl nm`m kstmnjþl.

Ymrtk

Grmnnjþl `k dkznem `k pmrtks

Opkrmnjþl

@ksnrjpnjþ l

Kstmnjþl

Pjkdpo `k pronkso (djl)

 M

9.0

= 8

Nmram Doejlo

= 8

0 >9

> 0

Pmem`ro @ksnmram

> =

=9 8

=

Nmram

=

0

8

Doejlo

8

09

> 0

Pmem`ro @ksnmram

> =

=; 8

H

9.7

^oeunjþl3   m) QE= 4 (0+8)(9.0)( (0+8)(9.0)(=.9) =.9) + (0+8)(9.7) (0+8)(9.7)(=.9) (=.9) 4 7.9 djl   QE8 4 >9(9.0)(=.9) + (09)(9.7)(=.9) 4 >7.9 djl    

QE> 4 =9(9.0)(= =9(9.0)(=.9) .9) + =;(9.7)(= =;(9.7)(=.9) .9) 4 =>.9 djl QE0 4 >(0.9)(9. >(0.9)(9.0)(=.9) 0)(=.9) + >(0.9)(9.7 >(0.9)(9.7)(=.9) )(=.9) 4 =8.9 djl