Cad 2d Class Presentation

Auto CAD Level -1

- Two Dimensional Drafting

Session Plan - 1 Introduction to CAD Applications. CAD Versions. Hardware Requirements. Opening AutoCAD Application The AutoCAD Screen Opening a Drawing File. Page Navigation. Zoom, Pan Closing a Drawing File. Creating a New File Creating a Drawing. Saving a Drawing file.

Introduction to CAD Applications CAD as a digital tool for Engineering

Engineering needs many Planning and Implementation Tools. Drafting and Designing are important tools for Engineering.

Usually Drafting is done using the Drawing sheets, Boards, Drafters and other Drawing Instruments. With advent of computers the scene has changed. Now Computer Software Applications are used for Drawing and Designing the Engineering Plans.

The CAD or CADD The Computer Aided Designing (CAD) or Computer Aided Drafting (CADD) are the terms used for using computers for drawing and designing applications under various platforms. The Mainframe and Super computers use CAD/CADD workstations for creation of Engineering drawings and Designs.

The CAD Applications. CAD applications softwares prevalent today are AutoCAD, ZWCAD, IntelliCAD, Pro-E etc. These applications are manufactured by various companies and are specialised for various areas of drawing and designing.

AutoCAD History AutoCAD is the CAD Application Software manufactured by AutoDesk Inc. Version 1.0 (Release 1)

- December 1982

Version 1.2 (Release 2)

- April 1983

Version 1.3 (Release 3)

- August 1983

Version 1.4 (Release 4)

- October 1983

Version 2.0 (Release 5)

- October 1984

Version 2.1 (Release 6)

- May 1985

Version 2.5 (Release 7)

- June 1986

Version 2.6 (Release)   

- April 1987

Release 9

- September 1987

Release 10

- October 1988

Release 11

- October 1990

Release 12

- June 1992 (last release for Apple Macintosh)

Release 13

- November 1994  (last release for Unix, MS-DOS and Windows 3.11)

Release 14 AutoCAD 2000 (R15.0)

- February 1997 - March 1999

Benefits of Using AutoCAD Quickly create designs Needs less storage Space Improved quality over hand drafting Can be customized to suit the individual’s needs Drawing modification is very easy Can Draw to the actual scale and can be scaled during printing Helps in preparation of Plan as well as 3 Dimensional Models and helps in product walkthroughs.

Hardware Requirements Version 1.0 (Release 1)

- 8085/8088

Version 1.2 (Release 2)

- 8085/8088

Version 1.3 (Release 3)

- 8085/8088

Version 1.4 (Release 4)

- 8085/8088

Version 2.0 (Release 5)

- 8085/8088

Version 2.1 (Release 6)

- 8088

Version 2.5 (Release 7)

- 8088

Version 2.6 (Release 8) 

- 8088

Release 9

- 8088, 8087

Release 10

- 80286, 80287

Release 11

- 80386, 80387

Release 12

- 80486, 80487

Release 13

- 80486, 80487

Release 14

- Pentium I

AutoCAD 2000 (R15.0)

- Pentium I

AutoCAD 2000i (R15.1)

- Pentium I

AutoCAD 2002 (R15.6)

- Pentium I

AutoCAD 2004 (R16.0)

- Pentium I

AutoCAD 2005 (R16.1)

- Pentium II

AutoCAD 2006 (R16.2)

- Pentium III

AutoCAD 2007 (R17.0)

- Pentium IV

AutoCAD 2008 (R17.1)

- Pentium IV and above, 1 GB RAM, 3 GB free HD Space,

1280 X 1024 display adapter capable of 24 bit color. AutoCAD 2009 (R17.2)

- Pentium IV and above

AutoCAD 2010 - Pentium IV and above AutoCAD 2011- Pentium IV and above

Starting AutoCAD Use Start -> All Programs -> Autodesk -> AutoCAD 2009 -> AutoCAD 2009.

Or Click the Desktop.

Icon on the

The AutoCAD interface will open.

AutoCAD 2009 Screen (2D Drafting & Annotation Type)

AutoCAD 2009 (3D Modeling Screen Type)

AutoCAD Classic Screen Mode

Menu Browser

Various Tool Bars with Tool Buttons

Menu Bar

Title Bar

AutoCAD Classic Screen Mode

Cross Hair Mouse Pointer

Drawing Tool Bar

Drawing Area WCS (World Co-ordinate System) Icon

Modification Tool Bar

Model and Layout Page Tabs Command Area and Command Prompt

Settings Buttons

Status Bar

Page Navigation Zooming and Panning in the Drawing

Opening a Drawing File.

Use file -> Open through Menu Bar or File open command from quick menu on the top left corner. Understanding the difference between a Drawing and a Template. Using Zoom Options. Using Pan Options. Saving a Drawing File

Opening a New Drawing Page Use File -> New Option or

Click the New File Button from the Quick Selection Menu. Select the acad.dwt (the autocad default drawing template) file when creating a new drawing file.

Making the First Drawing Line Command: Used to create straight line by joining two points. Select the Line Command option from Drawing Tool bar or Drawing Menu Bar or Give Line Command at Command Prompt, the shortcut command l can also given. The command area will respond by asking to select the first point of the line: select any point on the drawing screen or provide a co-ordinate point say 0,0.

Point Selection Methods Absolute Co-ordinate point selection method. Point is selected by providing the absolute coordinate point : x,y Relative Co-ordinate point selection method. A point is selected as displacement from the previously selected point : @∆ξ, ∆ψ Πολαρ Χο−ορδινατε ποιντ σελεχτιον µετηοδ. Α ποιντ ισ σελεχτεδ βψ προϖιδινγ τηε διστανχε ανδ ανγλε φροµ τηε πρεϖιουσ ποιντ : ≅διστανχε Raster Image Reference Insert -> External References

The External References method can also be invoked from : Tools -> Palettes -> External References

Moving, Copying, Scaling an image in the drawing can be done similar to how we do for other drawing objects. Brightness, Contrast and Fade settings can be done on an Image.

Image Insertion Exercise (Inserting an Image)

Region Regions are two-dimensional enclosed areas that have physical properties such as centroids or centers of mass. We can combine existing regions into a single, complex region to calculate area. Regions are two-dimensional enclosed areas you create from objects that form closed loops. Loops can be combinations of lines, polylines, circles, arcs, ellipses, elliptical arcs, and splines. The objects that make up the loops must

Creating a region out of a Loop & Analysing R4

10

7 56°

33° 19

Boundary Regions can also be created using Boundary Command. Application of Boundary is same as that of the region. Both are extensively used in 3 Dimension to create 3 Dimensional Extruded Solid Objects.

Wipeout Wipeout objects cover existing objects with a blank area to make room for notes or to mask details. A wipeout object is a polygonal area that masks underlying objects with the current background color. This area is bounded by the wipeout frame, which you can turn on for editing and turn off for plotting. You can create a wipeout object by specifying a polygonal area with a series of points, or you can convert a closed polyline into a wipeout object.

Revision Cloud Revision clouds are polylines that consist of sequential arcs. They are used to call attention to parts of a drawing during the review stage. If you review or redline drawings, you can increase your productivity by using the Revision Cloud feature to highlight your markups. REVCLOUD creates a polyline of sequential arcs to form a cloud-shaped object. You can select a style for a revision cloud: Normal or Calligraphy. If you select Calligraphy, the revision cloud

Revision Cloud

Defining Drawing Units : UNITS command Before we start to draw, we must decide what one drawing unit represents based on what we plan to draw. We can convert a drawing between systems of measurement by scaling it. Every object we create is measured in drawing units. Before we start to draw, we must decide what one drawing unit will represent based on what we plan to draw. Then we create our drawing at actual size with that convention. For example, a distance of one drawing unit typically represents one millimeter, one centimeter, one inch, or one foot in real-world units.

Convert Drawing Units If we start a drawing in one system of measurement (imperial or metric) and then want to switch to the other system, use SCALE to scale the model geometry by the appropriate conversion factor to obtain correct distances and dimensions. For example, to convert a drawing created in inches to centimeters, you scale the model geometry by a factor of 2.54. To convert from centimeters to inches, the scale factor is 1/2.54 or about 0.3937.

Layers Layers are used to group information in a drawing by function and to enforce linetype, color, and other standards. Layers are the equivalent of the overlays used in paper-based drafting. Layers are the primary organizational tool used in drawing. We use layers to group information by function and to enforce linetype, color, and other standards.

Layers By creating layers, we can associate similar types of objects by assigning them to the same layer. For example, we can put construction lines, text, dimensions, and title blocks on separate layers. You can then control the following: ●

Whether objects on a layer are visible or dimmed in any viewports

●

Whether and how objects are plotted

●

What color is assigned to all objects on a layer

●

●

What default linetype and lineweight are assigned to all objects on a layer Whether objects on a layer can be modified

Exercise for Layer: Put Object and Dimensions in different Layers. 13 7

R5

11

Ø4

6

62° 26 8

2

6 19 25 48

Session Plan - 10 Working with surveyor’s units. Drawing a Building Plan. Applying Layers to Building Plan.

Working with Surveyor’s Angles. If we use surveyor's angles when specifying polar coordinates, indicate whether the surveyor's angles are in the north, south, east, or west direction. For example, to enter a coordinate relative to the current coordinate for a property line that is 72 feet, 8 inches long with a bearing of 45 degrees north, 20 minutes, 6 seconds east, enter @72'8"