C Program Files Certexams.com Juniper Simulator With Designer for JNCIA JunosV5.0 Labs Basic-Networking-Lab-Manual

BASIC NETWORKING LAB MANUAL FOR BEGINNERS Version 1.0

CONTENTS : 1. Introduction 2. Numbering Systems and Conversion a. Binary numbers to decimal numbers conversion and vice versa b. Binary to Hexadecimal conversion and vice versa c. Decimal to Hexadecimal conversion and vice versa 3. IPv4 Addressing 4. Subnetting 5. DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) a. Common DHCP configuration parameters b. Configuring TCP/IP Configuration Settings Manually Without a DHCP Server 6. DOS Utilities for Troubleshooting Network problems a. PING b. TRACERT c. IPCONFIG d. IPCONFIG/ALL e. NBTSTAT f. NETSTAT g. NETSH 7. Frequently used TCP/IP Protocols a. HTTP b. FTP c. Telnet d. Email-Protocols (SMTP, POP, and IMAP) 8. Connectors and Cabling a. DB9 b. DB25 c. USB Version 1.0

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d. RJ-11 e. RJ-45 f. DB9 to USB 9. Appendix a. Troubleshooting Network Interface Card (NIC) For Physical Connectivity b. Modem connectivity and Troubleshooting 10. Additional Resources

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1. Introduction: This manual provides information that was previously assumed that a candidate will have prior to working with Juniper router networks. The manual covers topics such as number conversion, networking connectors and cables, and troubleshooting network connectivity.

2. Numbering Systems and Conversion: We need to convert from one system to another during the process of network design and implementation. For example, when you are optimizing for subnet mask or designing a wildcard mask (you will learn it while studying for Cisco Certification exams) you need to convert one numbering system to another. Of course, there are calculators available for this purpose. Three important systems of numbering are: a. Decimal - The Decimal system is what you use everyday when you count. The system uses ten digits: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9. These digits are what we call the symbols of the decimal system. b. Binary - The Binary system uses two symbols, 0 and 1. Basically, a computer uses binary digits for all its operations and understands only binary values. Each symbol is represented by low level or high level signal. c. Hexadecimal - This system uses 16 symbols, these are 0 - 9, A, B, C, D, E, F. The need for Hex system aroused because the Hex numbers can easily broken in to binary digits for consumption by digital computers and vice versa. For example, a large binary number such as 1101 1011 1110 1001 is equivalent to B7D2 H (H or h is used for hexadecimal system). Another advantage of hex system is that it is easy to be understood by humans. The following sections explain conversion from one numbering system to another.

a. Binary Numbers to Decimal Number Conversion and Vice Versa: Decimal is a Base 10 system with 10 possible values (0 to 9) and Binary is a Base 2 system with only two numbers 0 or 1. i. Converting binary to decimal - The weightage of binary digits from right most bit position to the left most bit position is given below. 27

26

25 24

23

22 21

20

128 64

32 16

8

4

1

2

Example: Convert 10011101 into a decimal value. Version 1.0

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There are eight bits in the binary number. The decimal value for each bit position is given below: « Decimal equivalent of the binary position

128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 1

0

0

1 1 1 0 1

« Given binary number

To convert, you simply take a value from the top row wherever there is a 1 below, and then add the values together. For instance, in our example we would have 1*27 + 0*26 + 0*25 + 1*24 + 1*23 + 1*22 + 0*21 + 1*20 =128 + 0

+ 0

+ 16

+ 8

+ 4

+ 0

+ 1

= 157 (decimal value) ii. Converting decimal to binary To convert decimal to binary is also very simple, you simply divide the decimal value by 2 and then write down the remainder, repeat this process until you cannot divide by 2 anymore. For example, take the decimal value 157: 157 78 39 19 9 4 2 1

÷ ÷ ÷ ÷ ÷ ÷ ÷ ÷

2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2

= = = = = = = =

78 39 19 9 4 2 1 0

with with with with with with with with

a a a a a a a a

remainder remainder remainder remainder remainder remainder remainder remainder

of of of of of of of of

1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1