Business Plan For Fishing Industry

 

Icjptbr : OBEB]J@ MRYNEBYY W@JE

Musnebss ]bvnbw Nelustry ]bvnbw

\cb Wcn`nppnebs„ Dnscneo Nelustry ikhprnsbs jey nelustry lbj`neo wntc iu`turnzjtnke, prkibssneo, trjespkrtneo jel sb``neo kd dnsc prkluits tcjt jnhs tk prkvnlb ejtnkej` dkkl sbiurnty my hbjes kd prkpbr hjejobhbet, lbvb`kphbet, ikesbrvjtnke jel  prktbitnke kd dnscbry rbskuribs ne krlbr tk prkvnlb dkkl bssbetnj`s tk tcb wkr`lwnlb ikhhuenty (Dnscbrnbs Jlhnenstrjtnvb Krlbr, =7:) :

 

\cb Wcn`nppnebs cjs keb kd tcb `keobst ikjst`nebs ne tcb wkr`l “  wkr`l “ bernicbl bernicbl wntc lnvbrsb hjrneb hjrneb spbinbs. \cb ikuetry„s dnscneo nelustrnbs jrb hkrb sustjnejm`b jel wku`l rbqunrb `bss tnhb jel bddkrt dkr `jmkr ikhpjrbl tk ktcbr `jel`kifbl ikuetrnbs. \cus, suic nelustrnbs jrb hkrb `nfb`y tk mb prkdntjm`b jel `bss `nfb`y tk mb jt rnsf.

Kppkrtuentnbs & \crbjts Jej`ysns Kppkrtuentnbs

\crbjts

j.  Neirbjsneo dnsc lbhjels

j.  I`nhjtb Icjeob

 m.  Bxpjelneo kd o`kmj` dnscbry hjrfbts

 m.  Wktbetnj` ]bskurib Lbi`neb

 

i. Wrnib pjrnty mbtwbbe sjrlnebs jel ktcbr dnscbry prkluits

 

i. @jif kd jiibss tk rbonkej` jel ejtnkej` Hjrfbts lub tk Wk`ntnij`

l.  Jiibssnmn`nty tk pktbetnj` hjrfbts

Wrkm`bhs

b.  Dkkl sbiurnty jel pkvbrty Nssubs

l.  Kvbrdnscneo b.  Ikhpbtntkrs

Kppkrtuentnbs

Rsneo keb„s betrbprbeburscnp sfn``s jrb keb kd tcb hkst bddbitnvb sfn``s dkr j  musnebss kwebr tk sustjne suiibss dkr cns ikhpjey (Ijutckre, =7:4). Ne krlbr dkr j ikhpjey tk iketneukus`y d`kurnsc, j okkl wjy kd hjfneo usb kd bikekhni kppkrtuentnbs hust j`wjys mb tckuoct jmkut. \cb nssubs kd tcb bxtbrej` bevnrkehbet tcjt tcb ikhpjey ije tjfb jlvjetjob kd tk nhprkvb nts prkdntjmn`nty jel vj`ub nei`ulbs neirbjsneo lbhjels kd sjrlnebs. Cjvneo j euhmbr kd sjrlneb hjeudjiturbrs iku`l `bjl tk tcb bxpjesnke kd tcb o`kmj` dnscbry hjrfbt =

 

jel hjy cb`p orkw tcb ikhpjey's prkluitnke sj`bs. Wrnib pjrnty mbtwbbe sjrlnebs jel ktcbr dnscbry prkluits ije onvb tcb ikhpjey ikhpje y jiibssnmn`nty tk pktbetnj` hjrfbts js nt neirbjsbs tcb sj`bs kd sjrlneb prkluitnke jel jttrjit hjeudjiturneo sbitkrs. Mbneo jm`b tk jllrbss tcb nssubs kd dkkl sbiurnty jel rbluineo pkvbrty ije mb kd orbjt kppkrtuenty bspbinj``y wcbe  prkluits mbikhb tcb tkp icknib kd tcb ejtnkej` ikhhuenty lub tk tcb prnib kr ikst kd dkkl tk pbkp`b wck jrb mbjtneo cueobr jel hj`eutrntnke (@jctbbefkrvj, =7:?). ^RYKE Ikhhbrinj` Dnscneo Nelustry ns j dnscneo nelustry tcjt jllrbssbs tcb orkwneo lbhjels kd tcb bikekhy. \jfneo \jfne o tcb bikekhy„s stjtb tk tcb ikhpjey„s jlvjetjob wku`l mrneo dkrtc suiibss jel iketneukus bxpjesnke wntc rbojrls tk tcb ikhpjey's hjrfbt sikpb ’  sikpb  ’  \cus,  \cus, nhprkvneo nts prkdntjmn`nty.

\crbjts

Wcn`nppnebs ns je jricnpb`jok wntc j `kt kd hjakr dnscneo orkuels kd wcnic keb kd tcb hkst nhpkrtjet skuribs kd `nvb`nckkl ne tcb Wcn`nppnebs ns tcb dnscbrnbs sbitkr. Mbijusb kd tcb ebbl tk hjnetjne dkkl sbiurnty jel prkvnlb akms tk nts djst-rnsneo pkpu`jtnke, tcb okvbrehbet cjs rbskrtbl tk tcb du`` lbvb`kphbet kd tcb dnsc sbitkrs tk obebrj``y kpbe jiibss ne tcb bxp`kntjtnke kd dnscbrnbs rbskuribs (Nsrjb` bt j`., =7:4). Js j rbsu`t, tcb rbskuribs wbrb uejm`b tk iketneub tk sustjne js hkrb jel hkrb dnscbrhbe jrb ijticneo dnsc ne tcb Wcn`nppneb wjtbrs, wntc tcbsb, dnscbry sbitkrs jrb ne tcrbjt jel wntc bevnrkehbetj` nssubs wcnic jrb j`sk onvneo ebojtnvb bddbits ne tcns sbitkr. \cb bxtbrej` djitkrs tcjt prbvbet tcb ikhpjey„s lbsnrbl kmabitnvbs nei`ulb ikhpbtntnke wcnic ns lub tk tcb djit tcjt tcbrb jrb ktcbr ikhhbrinj` dnscneo ikhpjenbs bstjm`nscbl ne tcb jrbjs kd Qjhmkjeoj tcjt cjrvbst tcb sjhb rbskuribs wcnic hjy

9

 

bvbetuj``y `bjl lbirbjsb dnsc stkifs jel iked`nits (Wkhbrky bt j`., =7:4). I`nhjtb icjeob ns j`sk j mno tcrbjt tcjt rbsu`ts tk hklndnijtnke kd dnsc lnstrnmutnke jel `kw prkluitnvnty kd kpbrjtneo pbrskeeb` upke dnsc bxtrjitnke spbindnij``y sjrlnebs wcnic ije `bjl tk pktbetnj` nevbstkrs lbi`neb. Kvbrdnscneo drkh ktcbr ikhhbrinj` nelustrnbs ije tjfb j cbjvy tk`` ne tcb ikhpjey jel tcb rbonke js wb``. Nt lbirbjsbs jvjn`jmn`nty kd dnsc stkifs jel `bjvbs lbstrkybl biksystbhs, eutrnbet-`jifneo spbinbs jel j `jif kd mnklnvbrsnty ne kur skpcnstnijtbl dkkl wbm. ^RYKE Ikhhbrinj` Dnscneo Nelustry hjy beikuetbr beiku etbr djn`urbs ne jiikhp`nscneo tcb kmabitnvbs kd nts ikhpjey js tcb hbetnkebl tcrbjts, iketrk``jm`b jel neiketrk``jm`b, wku`l lnsrupt tcb okkl pbrdkrhjeib kd tcb ikhpjey jel hnoct `bjl tk djn`urb js j supp`nbr kd sjrlnebs ne hjeudjiturneo sbitkrs.

Ikhpjey Wrkdn`b

^RYKE Ikhhbrinj` Dnscneo Nelustry ns j prnhb dnscneo nelustry tcjt ikhhbrinj``y bxtrjits kr ijticbs Nelnje Yjrlnebs (\jhmje) “  (\jhmje) “  prkvnlneo   prkvnlneo prkluitnke jel lb`nvbry bddninbeiy tk ktcbr hjeudjiturneo ikhpjenbs tcrkuoc utn`nzjtnke kd jel systbhjtni lb`nvbry systbh. \cb ikhpjey kpbrjtbs dnscneo sbrvnibs ne krlbr tk lb`nvbr quj`nty rjw supp`nbs tk tcb hjrfbt jel tk tcb neirbjsneo bikekhni lbhjels kd tcb skinbty. Nt kddbrs \jhmje tk mktc tcb `kij` jel tcb ejtnkej` hjrfbt. \cb ikhpjey cjs tcb jssurjeib kd ikesnstneo wb``-trjnebl jel sfn``bl sbjokneo  pbrskeeb` jel tbicek`konij``y bqunppbl objrs jel vbssb`s ne krlbr dkr nt tk prkvnlb wb`` prbsbrvbl dnscbs jel prkvnlb okkl lb`nvbry systbh tk ktcbr hjeudjiturneo ikhpjenbs, dnsc

<

 

 prkibssneo ikhpjenbs jel rbstjurjets. Ne krlbr dkr nt tk iketneukus`y orkw js j ikhpjey, ikhpje y, nt js wb`` strnit`y nhpksbs tcb Wcn`nppneb Dnsc Iklb kr tcb ]bpum`ni Jit 3227 wcnic 3227 wcnic jnhs tk prbvbet lborjljtnke kd hjrneb jenhj`s jel ikrj`s (Dnscbrnbs Jlhnenstrjtnvb Krlbr, =7: uelbr tcb Wcn`nppneb `jw tcrkuoc tcb Ybiurntnbs jel Bxicjeob Bxicje ob Ikhhnssnke (YBI). \cb ^RYKE Ikhhbrinj` Dnscneo Ikhpjey upck`ls quj`nty sbrvnibs dkr bxtrjitnke jel  prbsbrvjtnke kd sjrlnebs. Nt j`sk jnhs tk nestn`` wkrf bddninbeiy jel ikhpjey ikhpje y prkluitnvnty  my hbjes kd tbicek`konij``y-bqunppbl vbssb`s wntc tcb cb`p kd sfn``bl jel trjnebl dnscbrhbe. Nt prkvnlbs bxib``bet iustkhbr rb`jtnkescnp tcrkuoc rb`njm`b jel rbspkesnvb ikhhuenijtnke systbh, wb`` hjnetjnebl prnvjtb dnsc pkrts, jel wb``-prbsbrvbl rjw sjrlnebs. Nt j`sk dk``kws tcb ]bpum`ni Jit 3227 kr tcb Wcn`nppneb Dnsc iklb ne krlbr tk cb`p  prbvbet rbskurib jel ikrj` lborjljtnke (Dnscbrnbs Jlhnenstrjtnvb Krlbr, =7:

 

tcb bstbbh kd mk`lebss wcbrbne nt betjn`s tcb wn``neoebss tk tjfb rnsfs dkrbtckuoctdu``y sk tcb krojenzjtnke ije orkw mnoobr jel mbttbr.

@kok Ynoendnijeib

\cb `kok rbprbsbets tcb ikhpjey„s  ikhpjey„s  hkst snoendnijet vj`ubs  “   Neekvjtnke jel Mk`lebss ’  Mk`lebss  ’ wntc wntc wcnic tcb wck`b mkly prjitnibs bvbry ljy. \cb dnsc js sbbe ne tcb `kok, syhmk`nzbs tcb ikhpjey„s prkluit sneib tcb ikhpjey ns j sjrlneb supp`nbr ne tcb Wcn`nppnebs tcjt upck`ls okkl prkluit quj`nty ’  quj`nty ’  wjetneo  wjetneo tk besurb tcjt tcby jrb jm`b tk onvb tcbnr ikstuhbrs tcb cnocbst quj`nty kd sjrlnebs. \cb `bttbr ‐^‘ ne tcb `kok ns bhmklnbl tk syhmk`nzb jel ckekr tcb dkuelbr kd tcb ikhpjey, Hr.^uske, Iyrn` I yrn` Mbeajhne. Nt ns j trnmutb dkr cns cjrl wkrf mbdkrb cb mbijhb keb kd tcb mnoobst supp`nbrs kd sjrlnebs jel mbijhb keb kd tcb tkp dnscneo supp`nbrs ne tcb ejtnkej` hjrfbt.

Ytrbeotcs & _bjfebssbs Jej`ysns  Ytrbeotcs

_bjfebssbs

j.  Ikhpjey jmnlbs wntc okvbrehbet

j.  @jif kd prkluit hjrfbtneo

ru`bs jel rbou`jtnkes  m.  Okkl @kijtnke

 m.  Yckrtjob kd tbicenij` hjepkwbr jel bxpbrtnsb

i.  @kw/ Ikhpbtntnvb Wrnineo

i.  Ijticneo dnscbs tcjt lk ekt mb`keo tk

l.  Nhhblnjtb`y rbspkels tk i`nbets

tcb stjeljrlnzbl snzb js nhpksbl my

b.  Wrkvnlbs Zuj`nty drbsc Yjrlnebs

`jw l.  @jif kd fekw`blob ne tcb dnb`ls kd dnscneo b.  @jif kd dnejeinj` stjmn`nty

:7

 

Ytrbeotcs 

Js tcb dkrbdrket sjrlneb supp`nbr ne tcb Wcn`nppnebs, tcb strbeotcs kd j ikhpjey nei`ulb ikhhnthbet tk stjeljrls kd prkdbssnkej`nsh jel prkluitnvnty, jel j pjssnke dkr bxib``beib jel oujrjetbb tcb cnocbst quj`nty kd drbscebss kd sjrlnebs ne supp`yneo hjeudjiturneo sbitkrs. \cb ikhpjey„s quj`ntnbs tcjt prkpb` tkwjrls sbt kmabitnvbs betnrb`y rb`nbs ke tcb ikhpjey„s dnrh nestn``jtnke kd okvbrehbet ru`bs jel rbou`jtnkes tk tcb wck`b wkrfneo  mkly, wntc mbebdnts mbebdnts ekt ke`y tk tcb bevnrkehbet mut tk tcb prkdntjmn`nty kd tcb wck`b dnscneo nelustry. \cns ns mbijusb suic okvbrehbet dnscneo ru`bs jrb sbt tk jicnbvb sustjnejm`b ijtic dkr bddninbet jel iketneukus prkluitnke. \cb ikhpjey's `kijtnke cjs jlbqujtb jiibss kd rbskuribs wcnic du`dn`` tcb ikhpjey's kmabitnvbs, js Qjhmkjeoj ns tcb tkp ikhhbrinj` hjrneb dnsc prkluineo rbonke ne tcb ikuetry jel supp`nbs ?2% kd tcb ikuetry's tktj` lkhbstni rbqunrbhbets dkr ijeebl sjrlnebs (Wrkdn`b kd ]bonke >, e.l.). \cb ikhpjey's  prkluits mbneo sbrvbl jrb pktbetnj` dkr bxpkrts sneib sjrlnebs jrb mrnhhneo j `kt kd eutrnbets jel jrb cnoc ne lbhjels, mktc ne cnoc jel je l `kw cnbrjricy, jel jrb bxtrbhb`y icbjp (Nsjjis, =7:4). \cus, prnibs kd sjrlnebs jrb neirbjsneo js tcb prkluitnke kd sjrlnebs jrb jddbitbl my bevnrkehbetj` nssubs suic js i`nhjtb icjeob. \cbrb wn`` j`sk mb cnoc lbhjel jel orbjtbr ijpjinty dkr tcb nelustry tk rbspkel js tcb ikhpjey„s pbrskeeb` ikpb up wntc rjpnl, rjlnij` jel prkdkuel icjeobs my bxjhneneo bxtbrej` dkribs kd icjeob jel neikrpkrjtneo nt ne strjtboni p`jeeneo wcnic bvbetuj``y `bjls tk suiibssdu` kpbrjtnke ne icjeoneo hjrfbt jel prkvnlbs rjw hjtbrnj`s dkr hjeudjiturneo sbitkrs js nt snhu`tjebkus`y hjxnhnzbs prkdnts jel rbluibs bxpbesbs, `bjl tnhbs jel kvbrj`` k vbrj`` iksts.

::

 

\cb ^RYKE Ikhhbrinj` Dnscneo Nelustry ns lblnijtbl tk nhprkvb tcb lbvb`kphbet kd tcb ikuetry jel mrneoneo dkrtc nhprkvbhbets jel neekvjtnke ne dnscneo ikhhbrib. _ntc tcb strbeotcs jel okkl quj`ntnbs kd tcb ikhpjey, nt prkvnlbs tcb musnebss wntc skinj` rbspkesnmn`nty jel netbornty ne lbvb`kpneo jel prkluineo cnoc quj`nty rjw  prkluits tk hjeudjiturneo hjeudjiturneo sbitkrs, wcnic wku`l `bjl tk tk jttrjitnke kd hkrb sbitkrs jel hjy bxpjel tcb ikhpjey's sikpb tk netbrejtnkej` hjrfbts js nt ke`y ikhhnts cnoc stjeljrls kd sbrvnib. _bjfebssbs 

\cb ikhpjey's wbjfebssbs beikhpjss tcb lnddbrbet dbjturbs, prkibssbs, jel rbskuribs kd j ikhpjey tcjt ebojtnvb`y jddbit nts kwe hjejobhbet jel kpbrjtbl jitnvntnbs (_kzenjf, =7:>). \cb netbrej` djitkrs prbvbetneo tcb ikhpjey drkh jicnbvneo nts okj`s nei`ulb `jif kd prkluit hjrfbtneo, wcnic ns mbijusb, icksbe tjrobt hjrfbts jrb ekt bjsy tk jiibss jel hjy ekt sb`` kur prkluit. Kur ikhpjey j`sk cjs tcb tbelbeiy tk bxpbrnbeib sckrtjob kd tbicenij` hjepkwbr jel bxpbrtnsb sneib sjdbty cjs j`wjys mbbe j ikhhke nssub ne tcns nelustry. @jif kd hje pkwbr hjy prbvbet tcb ikhpjey's tjsfs tk mb jiikhp`nscbl js wb`` js n``ntbrjiy kd pbrskeeb` ne tcb dnb`ls kd hjrneb tbicenij`ntnbs. _ntc tcns, tcbrb ns `jif kd jmn`nty tk jssbss rnsfs jel tk uelbrstjel bevnrkehbetj` iubs tcjt hjy jddbit tcb sustjnejmn`nty kd dnsc stkifs. Ijticneo dnscbs tcjt lk ekt mb`keo tk tcb stjeljrlnzbl snzb js nhpksbl my `jw ije rbsu`t tk `jrob jhkuet kd pbej`ty kr dneb. \cns ije rbsu`t tk `jif kd dnejeinj` stjmn`nty jel `jif kd iketneobeiy duelneo p`je (_joebr, =779) \cb wbjfebssbs kd ^RYKE Ikhhbrinj` Dnscneo Nelustry wku`l rbstrjne nts bddninbet jel bddbitnvb nhp`bhbetjtnke kd tcb musnebss' kmabitnvbs jel wku`l rbstrnit tcb

:=

 

 pkssnmn`ntnbs dkr suiibss tk jttjne duturb orkwtc js j ikhpjey. \cbsb wbjfebssbs wku`l j`sk jddbit tcb ikhpjey's ijpjmn`nty tk rbsk`vb icj``beobs jel tcrbjts wcbe jt rnsf.

:9

 

Icjptbr = Hjejobhbet W`je Krojenzjtnkej` Icjrt

YBI]B\J]^

:<

 

Ybirbtjry

Ybiurnty Lrnvbr

L

Icjr`jly Wk`niy jel W`jeeneo uent

Biksystbh Hjejobhbet Rent

Tbssb` Kpbrjtnkes Rent

Ijpturb Dnscbrnbs Rent

WWR Kddnibr :

]bsbrvb Hjej br

Icnbd Ikxswjne

Cbjl Kddnibr

WWR

Mnk`konst

Jssnstjet Ikxswjne

Jssnstneo

Mkjt Hbicjeni

Dnscbrhbe

Kddnibr =

Kddnibr

Dnejeinj` W`jeebr Ikst Mulobtneo Cbjl Ytjtnstnis jel Ljtj Wrkibssneo Cbjl

Lb`nvbry Hjejobr Lb`nvbry Wbrskeeb`

Cbjl kd Bxtbrej` Ikhhuen ijtnkes I`brfs

\cb netborjtnke kd Dueitnkej` lbpjrthbetj`nzjtnke ne tcb ikhpjey prkvnlbs bvbry  pbrskeeb` wntc j rbd`bitnke kd tcbnr nelnvnluj` dueitnke. Nt j``kws tcb ikhpjey tk dk``kw krojenzjtnkej` prneinp`bs tk hjnetjne bddbitnvb kpbrjtnkej` `jmkr. Ckwbvbr, hjejobhbet ne

:2

 

tcns typb kd lbpjrthbetj`nzjtnke ije mb lnddniu`t wcbebvbr tcb struiturb ns ned`ubeibl my iketneobeiy djitkrs. Yneib tcb ikhpjey ns susibptnm`b tk vjrnkus bevnrkehbetj` ikhp`nijtnkes, prkvnlneo sk`utnke tk prkm`bhs hnoct ekt mb vbry tnhb bddninbet sneib p`jes cjvb tk mb hjlb my pbkp`b wntc tcb jutckrnty tk hjfb lbinsnkes.

Akm Lbsirnptnkes Fby Wksntnkes

Lbsirnptnke \cb Cbjl Dnscbrnbs Jlhnenstrjtkr ns

rbspkesnm`b

dkr

tcb

kvbrj``

dnscbrnbs

Cbjl Jlhnenstrjtkr hjejobhbet, wcnic sbts kut ikhpjey okj`s. \cb Ikhpjey Ybirbtjry ns rbspkesnm`b dkr tcb

bddninbet

jlhnenstrjtnke

kd

tcb

ikhpjey, bspbinj``y wntc rbojrls tk Ikhpjey Ybirbtjry 

besurneo ikhp`njeib wntc stjtutkry jel rbou`jtkry rbqunrbhbets tk besurb tcjt lbinsnkes

kd

tcb

Cbjl

Dnscbrnbs

Jlhnenstrjtkr jrb nhp`bhbetbl.

\cb Jlhnenstrjtnvb Jssnstjet prkvnlbs suppkrt tk hjejobrs, ktcbr bhp`kybbs, jel Jlhnenstrjtnvb Jssnstjet  kddnib vnsntkrs my cjel`neo j vjrnbty kd tjsfs ne krlbr tk besurb tcjt j`` netbrjitnkes

:4

 

 mbtwbbe tcb ikhpjey jel ktcbrs jrb  pksntnvb jel prkluitnvb.

\cb Cbjl Dnscbrnbs Jlhnenstrjtkr ns rbspkesnm`b dkr mktc Dnscbrnbs W`jeeneo jel Cbjl Dnscbrnbs Jlhnenstrjtkr

Hjejobhbet

Lbpjrthbet

jel

tcb

Kpbrjtnkej` Dnscbrnbs Lbpjrthbet. 

\cb Dnscbrnbs W`jeeneo jel Hjejobhbet Lbpjrthbet ns rbspkesnm`b dkr nlbetndyneo Dnscbrnbs Wk`niy Lbpjrthbet

wcnic ns `jwdu` jel wcnic ns ekt. Nt ns J`sk rbspkesnm`b dkr tcb nhp`bhbetjtnke kd `jws tk tcb Kpbrjtnkej` Dnscbrnbs Lbpjrthbet. \cb Kpbrjtnkej` Dnscbrnbs Lbpjrthbet ns rbspkesnm`b dkr mktc tcb Ikesbrvjtnke jel

Kpbrjtnkej` Dnscbrnbs Lbpjrthbet Ikhp`njeib Rent jel tcb Ijpturb Dnscbrnbs Rent \cb Ijpturb Dnscbrnbs Rent ikesnsts kd Ijpturb Dnscbrnbs Rent 

 pbrskeeb`s rbspkesnm`b ne cjrvbstneo tcb  prkluit kd tcb ikhpjey wcnic ns sjrlneb. 

:?

 

Ns rbspkesnm`b dkr hjfneo lbinsnkes jel  prkibssbs, jel wkrf tk nhprkvb quj`nty, Ijpturb Dnscbry Cbjl Kddnibr  prkluitnvnty jel bddninbeiy ne ijticneo sjrlnebs. \cb Ijpturb Dnscbry Jssnstjet Kddnibr Ijpturb Dnscbry Jssnstjet Kddnibr jssnsts tcb Cbjl kddnibr \cb Dnscbrhbe dk``kws nestruitnkes onvbe Dnscbrhje  my tcb cbjl kr tcb jssnstneo kddnibr. \cb Biksystbh Hjejobhbet Rent ikesnsts kd Biksystbh Hjejobhbet Rent 

pbrskeeb`s

rbspkesnm`b

dkr

bevnrkehbetj` hjejobhbet jpprkjic tcjt rbikoenzbs tcb du`` jrrjy kd netbrjitnkes wntcne je biksystbh. \cb Wk`niy jel W`jeeneo Rent ikesnsts kd  pbrskeeb`s rbspkesnm`b ne jlvnsneo jel `njnsneo wntc tcb Dnscbrnbs Jlhnenstrjtkr ke nhpkrtjet dnscbrnbs pk`niy nssubs js wb`` js lbpjrthbetj` ikkrlnejtnke suic js

Wk`niy jel W`jeeneo Rent   p`jeeneo, prkorjh mulobtneo, pbrdkrhjeib hkentkrneo, bvj`ujtnke jel rbpkrtneo.

Nt

j`sk

rbprbsbets

Jlhnenstrjtkr

jel

tcb

Dnscbrnbs

tcb

Dnscbrnbs

:3

 

Lbpjrthbet ne vjrnkus ikhhnttbbs, tjsf dkribs jel wkrfneo orkups jt mktc ejtnkej` jel netbrejtnkej` `bvb` \cb WWR kddnibrs jrb rbspkesnm`b ne  prbvbetneo tcb pk``utnke kd wjtbrs tk  prktbit tcb jqujtni bevnrkehbet. \cby tjfb  pjrt ne pum`ni jwjrbebss jel bluijtnke blu ijtnke dkr Wk`niy jel W`jeeneo Dnscbrnbs Kddnibrs

dnscbry jel hjrneb `ndb rbskuribs. \cby j`sk rbou`jtb jel bedkrib tcb dnscbrnbs jit jel ktcbr okvbrehbet `jws jel rbou`jtnkes  my ikeluitneo pjtrk`s jt sbj.

\cb

Ikesbrvjtnke

Ikhp`njeib

Rent

ikesnsts kd pbrskeeb`s tcjt hjnetjne j Ikesbrvjtnke Ikhp`njeib Rent hnenhuh

`bvb`

kd

ikesbrvjtnke

ke

sjrlnebs. \cb Dnscbrnbs Kddnibr wck ns rbspkesnm`b ne  prbvbetneo

tcb

pk``utnke

kd

wjtbrs,

Ikesbrvjtnke Ikhp`njeib Dnscbrnbs

sprbjlneo jwjrbebss kd cjmntjt prktbitnke

Kddnibr

jel dnscbry rbskuribs jel bedkrib dnscbrnbs jits jel tcb Dnscbrnbs Nespbitkr Nespbits dnscneo vbssb`s, objr, `nibesbs jel ijticbs

:>

 

tk

besurb

tcjt

dnscbrnbs

`jws

jel

rbou`jtnkes jrb kmbybl.

\cb ]bsbrvb Hjejobr ns rbspkesnm`b dkr tcb ]bsbrvb Hjejobr

 prbvbetnke kd lborjljtnke kd hjrneb `ndb struiturbs \cb

Mnk`konst

Mnk`konst

prkvnlbs

sinbetndni

ikesu`tjtnke jel ns rbspkesnm`b dkr spbinb nlbetndnijtnke. Icnbd Ikxswjne ns tcb cbjl kd Ikxswjne  pbrskeeb`s jel ns rbspkesnm`b dkr stbbrneo

Icnbd Ikxswjne

tcb mkjt, jel ikkrlnejtneo tcb pkwbr jel rcytch kd tcb rkwbrs. rbirbjtnkej` mkjts js wb`` js shj`` ikhhbrinj` vbssb`s. \cb Jssnstjet Ikxswjne jssnsts tcb Icnbd

Jssnstjet Ikxswjne Ikxswjne ne tcb mkjt. \cb Mkjt Hbicjeni ns rbspkesnm`b dkr tcb Mkjt Hbicjeni

vjrnkus

systbhs

ke

mkjrl

jel

tcb

hjnetbejeib kd vbssb`s. \cb Ybirbtjry kd Ybirbtjry kd tcb Jlhnenstrjtnvb Jssnstjet

tcb Jlhnenstrjtnvb

Jssnstjet ns rbspkesnm`b dkr tcb bddninbet jlhnenstrjtnke kd tcb ikhpjey spbindnij``y

=7

 

dkr

tcb

jiikuetneo

jel

hjrfbtneo

lbpjrthbet.  Ns rbspkesnm`b dkr tcb sbiurnty kd pbrskeeb`s p brskeeb`s jel j`` prbhnsbs my pjtrk``neo prkpbrty, Ybiurnty hkentkrneo

survbn``jeib

bqunphbet6

nespbitneo jel pbrhnttneo betry. \cb lrnvbr ns rbspkesnm`b dkr uelbrtjfneo Lrnvbr vjrnkus trjespkrtneo lutnbs. Wbrdkrhs ckusbwkrf lutnbs tk

hjnetjne

Icjr`jly ikhhbrinj` bstjm`nschbets. \cb Jiikuetneo Lbpjrthbet ns rbspkesnm`b Jiikuetneo Lbpjrthbet

ne fbbpneo rbikrls jel rbpkrt wntc rbojrls tk tcb ikhpjey„s ijsc d`kw trjesjitnke.  trjesjitnke.   \cb Dnejeinj` W`jeebr ns rbspkesnm`b dkr jej`yzneo

nedkrhjtnke

jel

prkvnlbs

Dnejeinj` W`jeebr rbikhhbeljtnkes

mjsbl

ke

tcbnr

i`nbets' dnejeinj` sntujtnkes jel okj`s. \cb Ikst Mulobtneo Cbjl ns rbspkesnm`b dkr

bstnhjtneo

tcb iksts kr

ebibssjry

Ikst mulobtneo Cbjl bddkrts tk prkhktb bddninbeiy jel bddbitnvb `jmkr. \cb Ytjtnstnis jel Ljtj Wrkibssneo Cbjl ns Ytjtnstnis jel Ljtj Wrkibssneo Cbjl rbspkesnm`b dkr vbrndyneo jiiurjiy kd

=:

 

nedkrhjtnke my i`jssndyneo jel jej`yzneo tcbh. \cb Hjrfbtneo jel Lb`nvbry Lbpjrthbet  prkhktbs tcb ikhpjey sj`bs kr sbrvnibs. Nt Hjrfbtneo jel Lb`nvbry Lbpjrthbet

ns j`sk rbspkesnm`b dkr prkvnlneo tcb ebibssjry rbsbjric tk nlbetndy ykur tjrobt iustkhbrs. \cb Lb`nvbry Hjejobr ns rbspkesnm`b dkr

Lb`nvbry Hjejobr

 mun`lneo pksntnvb wkrfneo rb`jtnkescnps wntc iustkhbrs dkr musnebss orkwtc. \cb

Lb`nvbry

Wbrskeeb`

rbibnvbs

Lb`nvbry Wbrskeeb` nestruitnkes drkh tcb lb`nvbry hjejobr. \cb Cbjl kd Bxtbrej` Ikhhuenijtnkes Cbjl kd Bxtbrej` Ikhhuenijtnkes

besurbs ikesnstbeiy kd nedkrhjtnke drkh iustkhbrs tk tcb ikhpjey. I`brfs jrb rbspkesnm`b dkr tjfneo ij``s jel

I`brfs  pbrdkrh mjsni mkkffbbpneo lutnbs.

==

 

Hjejobhbet \cbkrnbs ne Wrjitnib

Obebrjtneo je jlhnenstrjtnvb struiturb jel prkhktneo iketneobeiy hjejobhbet jrb twk lnddbrbet bddbitnvb wjys ne kmtjneneo krojenzjtnkej` kmabitnvbs. _cbe  prjitnineo Jlhnenstrjtnvb Hjejobhbet, dkius mbikhbs m bikhbs irbjtneo jel nhp`bhbetneo hkrb bddninbet prkibssbs wcbrbne p`jeeneo, krojenzneo, ikkrlnejtneo, jel `bjlneo ns usbl tk oujrjetbb tcjt okj`s wn`` mb jicnbvbl. \ckuoc p`jeeneo ns kd huic nhpkrtjeib, `bjreneo ckw tk jljpt tk iketneobeiy djitkrs jel rb-beonebbrneo wjys p`jy j vntj` rk`b ne krlbr tk suiibssdu``y ijrry kut ikhpjey okj`s. Relbrstjelneo tcb bssbetnj`s kd tcbsb hjejobhbet tcbkrnbs wn`` cb`p krojenzjtnkej` `bjlbrs jel hjejobrs hjxnhnzb tcb ikhpjey's prkluitnke kr sbrvnibs jel ounlb tcbh tk tckrkuoc`y kpbrjtb tcb krojenzjtnke bddbitnvb`y jel bddninbet`y. Jlhnenstrjtnvb Hjejobhbet \cbkry

\cb \cbkry kd Jlhnenstrjtnvb Hjejobhbet ns snoendnijet ne hjfneo tcb ikhpjey„s okj`s dbjsnm`b. Nt upck`ls Djyk`„s :< prneinp`bs wcnic nei`ulbs tcb usb kd dkrhj` jlhnenstrjtnvb struiturb wcbrbne lnvnsnke kd `jmkr ns spbindni jel lb`bojtnke kd pkwbr ns rb`bvjet (_n``njhs, =7:?). \cns tcbkrbtnij` ikeibpt j``kws tcb ikhpjey tk bxbrinsb j systbhjtni jpprkjic ne irbjtneo jel trjesdkrhneo krojenzjtnkej` okj`s tcjt j``kws nhprkvbhbet kd hjejobhbet hbtckls. J`sk, Djyk`„s :< prneinp`bs kd hjejobhbet ne tcb jlhnenstrjtnke kd krojenzjtnkes ns stn`` kd rb`bvjeib sneib nt wjs dnrst netrkluibl ne :>:4 (Hjchkkl, Mjscjrjt, & Mjscnr, =7:=). \cb bddnijiy kd tcb prneinp`bs ne rbspkesb tk vjrnbl ebbls kd nelnvnluj` krojenzjtnkes jrb bddbitnvb tk hkst ikhpjey nei`ulneo tcksb ne tcb bluijtnke nelustry (Rzubomu &  Eejlkznb, =7:2).

=9

 

Hkrbkvbr, tcns tcbkry ns bxjhnebl ne j survby tcjt wjs ikeluitbl jhkeo sickk` hjejobrs nevk`vbl ne tcb jlhnenstrjtnke kd sbikeljry sickk`s ne \jezjenj ne tcb rbonkes kd Htwjrj, Ycneyjeoj jel \jeoj. \cby nevbstnojtbl ke tcb pbribnvbl nhpkrtjeib kd Djyk`„s :< prneinp`bs. Js j rbsu`t, tcb survby rbvbj`bl tcjt, sickk` hjejobrs pbribnvb lnvnsnke kd `jmkr kd tcb Djyk`„s :< prneinp`bs kd hjejobhbet js tcb hkst nhpkrtjet djitkr ne tcb jlhnenstrjtnke prkibss ne tcb iketbxt kd \jezjenje sbikeljry sickk`s. Nt bejm`bs tcbh tk besurb bddninbeiy kd tcb wkrf lkeb sneib pbrskeeb`s jrb lnvnlbl ne lnddbrbet uents ne rbspbit tk tcbnr spbinj`nzjtnke. Ne jllntnke, ]bhuebrjtnke wjs j`sk kd nhpkrtjeib ne tcb jlhnenstrjtnke prkibss kd sbikeljry sickk`s ’  sickk`s  ’  stjeljrlnzjtnke  stjeljrlnzjtnke kd tcb hklb kd pjyhbet tk tcb wkrfbr kr rbibnvbl my bhp`kybr. Durtcbrhkrb, Yickk` Hjejobrs ne \jezjenj ikesnlbr lnvnsnke kd `jmkr jel struiturneo kd sickk` krojenzjtnke js tcb hkst nhpkrtjet jspbit ne tcb jlhnenstrjtnke  prkibss kd sbikeljry sickk`s. sickk `s. Ke tcb ktcbr cjel, nt j`sk lbhkestrjtbs tcb snoendnijeib kd tcb sickk` hjejobrs„ hjejobrs„ jmn`nty tk lbtbrhneb jpprkprnjtb hbtckls jel ounlb`nebs kd krojenzjtnkej` struiturb suic js sij`jr icjne, jutckrnty jel rbspkesnmn`nty, ibetrj`nzjtnke, jel uenty kd lnrbitnke. \cbsb rbsu`ts drkh tcb survby rbelbrs ikei`usnvb ektnkes wntc rbojrls tk tcb vj`ub kd cjvneo j lnstneit jlhnenstrjtnvb struiturb dkr tcb ikhpjey. Jlhnenstrjtnvb hjejobhbet j``kws tcbh tk irbjtb strjtboni tckuocts ke ckw tk mbttbr nhprkvb krojenzjtnke ne j`` lbpjrthbets. _ntc tcns, jutckrnty jel rbspkesnmn`nty ns lnvnlbl jel ns tjsfbl tk j pbrske wntc tcb spbindni dnb`l kd bxpbrtnsb. Js j rbsu`t, kpbrjtnkej` jitnvnty ne tcb ikhpjey mbikhbs snoendnijet`y hkentkrbl jel bjic lbinsnke hjlb ns kvbrsbbe my tcb Cbjl jlhnenstrjtkr.

=<

 

Iketneobeiy \cbkry

\cb Iketneobeiy tcbkry ck`ls tcjt tcbrb ije ebvbr mb j uenvbrsj` hjejobhbet tcbkry  ’   vjrnjtnkes mbtwbbe rb`jtnkescnp wntc tcbnr hbhmbrs, tjsf struiturb kr pksntnke  pkwbr jrb `nfb`y tk cjppbe (_n``njhs, =7:?). \cb Ikhpjey cjs tk irbjtb sneo`b-usb p`jes lbpbelneo ke tcb prkm`bhs kr icj``beobs tcby jrb djineo ne krlbr tk irbjtb ikesnstbet  prkluit quj`nty jel rbtjne iketneukus iustkhbr sjtnsdjitnke. Js lbsirnmbl ne j ijsb stuly wcbrb :2 : 2 i`ustbr `bjlbrs ne Mufnleke, Ykutc Iktjmjtk jel Ljvjk Inty jel 92 shj``ck`lbr djrhbrs drkh tcb tcrbb jrbjs wbrb netbrvnbwbl usneo j struiturbl qubstnkeejnrb, rbspkelbets lbdnebl `bjlbrscnp js cjvneo j okkl hjejobhbet sty`b. Ktcbr lbdnentnkes nei`ulb mbneo jm`b tk nhp`bhbet p`jes jel keb wck sbrvbs js j okkl bxjhp`b. _cbe tcb rbspkelbets wbrb jsfbl tk lbsirnmb tcbnr nlbj` `bjlbr, skhb nelnijtbl tcjt j `bjlbr scku`l mb ckebst, kutspkfbe, bxpbrnbeibl, rbspkesnm`b, jitnvb jel trustwkrtcy. Dkr tcbh, je nlbj` `bjlbr ns j`sk j okkl dk``kwbr wck `bjls my bxjhp`b jel cjs j okkl rb`jtnkescnp wntc tcb hbhmbrs, trjespjrbet jel cjs tcb jmn`nty tk `kkf jt  prkm`bhs. _ntc tcns, tcns, Iketneobeiy Hjejobhbet \cbkry ns jpp`nbl. Dnbl`br, tcb pbrske wck lbvb`kpbl tcb tcbkry, suoobsts tcjt j pbrske wck betjn`s okkl `bjlbrscnp ns rb`jtnkescnp jel tjsf krnbetbl (]kmmnes & Iku`tbr, =7:=) Ne jllntnke, j shj`` musnebss kwebr ne Biujlkr prkvnlbl j stuly suppkrtneo tcb iketneobeiy tcbkry kd `bjlbrscnp wcbrbne :?2 kwebr-hjejobrs kd shj`` musnebssbs jel :=:3 bhp`kybbs jrb tcb rbspkelbets. \cb vjrnjm`bs nevk`vbl ne tcb cypktcbsns nei`ulb `bjlbrscnp

sty`b

kd

kwebr-hjejobrs

jel

bhp`kybbs.

Dnelneos

kd

tcb

stuly

rbvbj`bl nelnstneit rbikhhbeljtnkes ke ckw tk mbcjvb mb cjvb ne ibrtjne sntujtnkes. \cns nei`ulbs1 j`wjys ikesnlbrneo ijrbdu``y tcb wjy hjejobrs mbcjvb ne j ibrtjne sntujtnke jel bhp`kybb

=2

 

hktnvjtnke ne krlbr dkr tcbh tk kmtjne mbttbr pbrdkrhjeib (Tnlj`, Ijhplbsuúbr, Ijhplbsuúbr, ]klrèoubz, & Tnvjr, =7:?). _ntc tcbsb survbys, nt ns ikei`usnvb tcjt tcns tcbkry ns kd bssbeib dkr tcb ^RYKE Ikhhbrinj` Dnscneo Ikhpjey. _b ije mb jm`b tk jpp`y tcns Hjejobhbet \cbkry sneib nt  prkhktbs okkl rb`jtnkescnps mbtwbbe tcb `bjlbr kr hjejobr tk cns jsskinjtbs. \cb ikeluit kd tcns tcbkry rbsu`ts tk okkl jthkspcbrb ne tcb wkrfp`jib jel ije besurb jttjnejm`b jel sustjnejm`b wkrf p`je. \cb twk tcbkrnbs hbetnkebl jmkvb, tcb Jlhnenstrjtnvb \cbkry jel Iketneobeiy \cbkry ck`l twk prneinp`bs tcjt ije mb prjitnibl tkobtcbr tcrkuoc ikhprbcbesnvb lb`bojtnke kd jutckrnty, mbneo okj` krnbetbl jel jt tcb sjhb tnhb jsskinjtb ikesnlbrjtb. ik esnlbrjtb. \cb ikhpjey scku`l cjvb j prkdninbet jlhnenstrjtnvb hjejobhbet struiturb jel jt tcb sjhb tnhb ns j`sk jm`b tk prkhktb okkl rb`jtnkescnp wntc nts hbhmbrs rjtcbr tcje sk`b`y mbneo tjsfbl krnbetbl. Krojenzjtnkej` struiturbs jel icjne kd jutckrnty scku`l ekt ke`y ke` y mb tjsfbl tk tkp hjejobrs jel jlhnenstrjtnvb cbjls mut rjtcbr ke ikhprbcbesnvb ik``bitnvb nlbjs drkh bvbry ktcbr hbhmbr lbpbelneo ke sntujtnkej` djvkrjm`bebss. _ntc tcns, tcb ikhpjey ns jm`b tk obebrjtb hkrb bddninbet wjys ne ijrryneo kut ku t tcbnr okj`s. Jicnbvneo ikhpjey okj`s ne j ikhhbrinj` dnscneo nelustry ns jicnbvbl tcrkuoc  prkpbr jlhnenstrjtnvb hjejobhbet jel cjvneo j iketneobet hjejobhbet struiturb. _ntc okkl jlhnenstrjtnvb hjejobhbet, dkius mbikhbs irbjtneo jel nhp`bhbetneo hkrb bddninbet prkibssbs wcnic tcbe oujrjetbbs tcjt okj`s wn`` mb jicnbvbl. \ckuoc tcb prneinp`b kd uenty ne ikhhjel jel lnrbitnke ns nhpkrtjet, `bjlbrs jel hjejobrs scku`l mb trjespjrbet tk cns jsskinjtbs ne krlbr tk beikurjob tcbh tk j`wjys tcnef jmkut tcb jlvjeibhbet kd tcb ikhpjey rjtcbr tcje hbrb`y lkneo tjsfs tcby jssnoebl tk kpbrjtb.

=4

 

Icjptbr 9 W]KLRI\ W@JE

Wrkluit Wcktks jel Ypbindnijtnke Wrkluits/ Ybrvnib Bxtrjitnke kd Yjrlnebs

Lbsirnptnke

Wursb

Ybneb

dnscneo

hbtckl  ’   j

 prbdbrrbl tbicenqub dkr ijpturneo dnsc sickk`s,

wcnic

bddninbet`y

bejm`bs

ijtic

quj`nty

tcbh

tk

sjrlnebs,

tcbrbjdtbr, prkvnlb iketneukus supp`y tk iustkhbrs. 

Wrbsbrvjtnke kd Yjrlnebs (Drbbzneo)

Nt j`sk usbs prkpbr prbsbrvjtnke hbtckl, drbbzneo, tk rbtjne sjrlnebs„ drbscebss jel prkcnmnt lborjljtnke kd quj`nty upke trjespkrtjtnke. Nt usbs je Nesu`jtbl Dnsc \um wntc hbjsurbhbets kd 4=xx93ih (kutbr) jel 24x

 

Icjptbr < HJ]FB\NEO W@JE

\jrobt hjrfbt

^RYKE Ikhhbrinj` Dnscneo Ikhpjey iketrnmutbs tk tcb prbsbet bikekhni lbhjels kd tcb ikuetry. Yneib sjrlnebs jrb kd icbjpbr vj`ub ikhpjrbl tk ktcbr blnm`b hjrneb rbskuribs, nt ns kd cnoc lbhjel, tcus, nt ns j vbry sustjnejm`b fnel kd dkkl tk pbk pbkp`b p`b ne tcb `kwbr cnbrjricy. _ntc tcns, dnsc prkibssneo jel hjeudjiturneo ikhpjenbs, tcjt usb drbsc sjrlnebs js tcb hjakr supp`y dkr tcbnr ikhpjey, jrb mrnhhneo ne euhmbrs. _ntc tcb sntujtnke jmkvb, tcb ikhpjey lbinlbl tk prkvnlb dnsc ijpturneo sbrvnibs jel systbhjtni dnsc lnstrnmutnke tk lnddbrbet dnsc prkibssneo ikhpjenbs tk mktc tcb `kij` jel tcb ejtnkej` hjrfbt. \cb ikhpjey jnhs tk prkvnlb tnhb jel `jmkr bddninbeiy tk nts tjrobt hjrfbt my supp`yneo rjw sjrlnebs iketneukus`y tk nts iustkhbrs. \cb ikhpjey hjlb nts sbrvnibs vbry bssbetnj` dkr tcb jdkrbsjnl hjrfbts sneib nt ijtbrs tcbnr rbou`jr ebbls dkr rjw supp`nbs. \cb ikhpjey ns jm`b tk prkvnlb `kw-prnibl dkkl tk tcb bikekhni hjrfbt my  prkvnlneo sbrvnibs jel supp`yneo hjeudjiturbrs.

Wrkluit Ytrjtbonbs

Wcn`nppneb wjtbrs spbindnij``y ne Qjhmkjeoj jrb orjibl wntc tcb jmueljeib kd sjrlnebs tcus, hjfneo nts prnib huic icbjpbr tcje jey typb kd dnsc. _ntc tcns, hkrb sjrlneb ikhhbrinj` dnscneo ikhpjenbs jrb jppbjrneo jel hjy hj y mb j tcrbjt tk tcb ikhpjey. ik hpjey. Js j rbsu`t, ^RYKE Ikhhbrinj` Dnscneo Ikhpjey lbvb`kpbl prkluit strjtbonbs tcjt jnls tk tcb tcrbjts kd tcb neirbjsneo euhmbr kd ikhpbtntkrs, tcb icjeoneo hjrfbt

97

 

ikelntnkes jel ktcbr bxtbrej` djitkrs strjneneo tcb ikhpjey. Nt usbs tcb dk``kwneo strjtbonbs1 Wrkluit quj`nty jssurjeib, Iustkhbr Ybrvnib, Yystbhjtni Y ystbhjtni Lnstrnmutnke, jel \jrobt Hjrfbt. \cb ikhpjey hjfbs usb kd bddbitnvb dnscneo objrs jel mkjts tk besurb orbjt quj`nty kd sjrlnebs js wb`` js tcb jssurjeib tcjt tcbsb jrb drbb drkh icbhnij`s  ’   jpprkvbl my tcb Murbju kd Dnscbrnbs jel Jqujtni ]bskuribs (MDJ]) jel tcb Dkkl jel Lruo Jlhnenstrjtnke (DLJ). Nt usbs je Nesu`jtbl Dnsc \um wntc hbjsurbhbets kd 4=xx93ih (kutbr) jel 24x3;dmi`nl8NwJ]9RtZvrtjH:fSm^senFChocCQZr2d