Buku Kurikulum Magister Ilmu Komunikasi Fisipol UGM Tahun 2017

 

 

IXOX OXYCOXLXK ZYABYDK PUXEC PUXEC P9 CLKX OAKXMCODPC OAKXMCODPC EHZDYUHKHM EHZ DYUHKHM CLKX OAKXMCODPC

‐ FCPCZAL XBK

UDGXM 9:42

4|Zdbh 

 

 

UCK ZHMSXPXM OXYCOXLXK Er. Mavc Ourmcd, K.D., K.Pc. Er. Zgcl. Dmd Mdegyd Dirdr, K.H.P. Er. Zgcl. Ghrkcm Cmedg Rdgyumc, K.Pc. Er. Rceaea Dbus Phtcdmta, K.Pc. Er. Ecdm Drykdkc, P.CZ., K.Guk. Ers. C Bustc Mburdg Zutrd, K.D. Rcsmu Kdrtgd Decputrd, P.CZ., K.Pc.

Kuftc Mur Ldtcfdg, P.CZ., K.D. Crgdk Mur Dmsgdrc, P.CZ., K.D. Dedk R. Puodrma, P.CZ., K.D. Yr. Aotdvcd Ehwc Orcsmdwdtc, P.H., K.I.D. Drtcs Yhtmc Kdreusdrc, D.Ke.

DLDKDU Phorhtdrcdt Zds`dsdrndmd Clku Oakumcodsc FCPCZAL XBK Ndldm Pasca Sustcscd, Iuldosukur Sabydodrtd 88974 Uhlhpam> :925-860069 hxt 4:2 Hkdcl> pds`d-oakJubk.d`.ce, Hkdcl>  pds`d-oakJubk.d`.ce, s9clkuoakumcodscJbkdcl.`ak  s9clkuoakumcodscJbkdcl.`ak Kaiclh Phorhtdrcdt> :74498:6090 www.ecoak.fcscpal.ubk.d`.ce

9|Zdbh 

 

 

ZHMBDMUDY

Zrabrdk Ptuec (Zraec) P9 Clku Oakumcodsc shidbdc sdldg sdtu prabrdk stuec ec Ehpdrthkhm Clku Oakumcodsc, Fdoultds Clku Pascdl edm Clku Zalctco (FCPCZAL), Xmcvhrsctds Bdendg Kded ihrecrc pded tdgum 9::8. Zrabrdk cmc ihrtunudm umtuo khrhspam phrohkidmbdm clku oakumcodsc phrohkidmbdm ohclkudm docidt phmhtrdsc thomalabc cmfarkdsc & oakumcodsc (UCO) shrtd ecmdkcod sascdl palctco ec Cmeamhscd pdsod rhfarkdsc ydmb khldgcrodm shnukldg ohicndodm thmtdmb ohihidsdm cmfarkdsc edm ihrctd. Xmtuo khkihodlc kdgdscswd dbdr kdkpu khmbgdedpc tdmtdmbdm edm ecmdkcod ydmb thrndec ec hrd ecbctdl, Zraec P9 Clku Oakumcodsc khmyusum Ourcouluk Zraec P9 Clku Oakumcodsc 9:42.Ihridbdc ohbcdtdm ecldouodm edldk rdmbod phmyusumdm ourcouluk idru thrshiut.Zhrtdkd, hvdludsc ourcouluk ldkd (tdgum 9::8 edm 9::3) ydmb khlcidtodm idco Uck Zhmyusum Ourcouluk kdupum shlurug stdf phmbdndr ec Ehpdrthkhm Clku Oakumcodsc FCPCZAL XBK. Oheud, stuec oakpdrdsc idco sh`drd ldmbsumb kdupum khldluc stuec eaoukhmtdsc ourcouluk edrc ihridbdc prabrdk kdsthr clku oakumcodsc ec ihihrdpd mhbdrd shphrtc Kdldyscd, Pcmbdpurd, Dustrdlcd, Dkhrcod edm Cmbbrcs, thrkdsuo Cmeamhscd ydmb ecldouodm alhg Uck Zhmyusum Ourcouluk. Ohtcbd, shrdmbodcdm warosgap phmyusumdm ourcouluk idco sh`drd cmthrmdl alhg Uck Zhmyusum Ourcouluk kdupum ehmbdm shlurug stdf phmbdndr.ec Ehpdrthkhm Clku Oakumcodsc FCPCZAL XBK. Ohhkpdt, phmyusumdm Yhm`dmd Zhldosdmddm Ohbcdtdm Zhr Phkhsthr (YZOZP) alhg Uck Zhmyusum YZOZP.Ohlckd, warosgap YZOZP ydmb eccoutc shlurug stdf phmbdndr Ehpdrthkhm Clku Oakumcodsc FCPCZAL XBK. Ohhmdk, rdmbodcdm sascdlcsdsc Ourcouluk 9:42 idco ohpded kdgdscswd, stdf phmbdndr, edm stdf thmdbd phmececodm idco ec Ehpdrthkhm Clku Oakumcodsc kdupum ec tcmbodt fdoultds. Phlurug ohbcdtdm cmc eckuldc shldkd sdtu tdgum edrc Nulc 9:46 gcmbbd Nulc 9:42. Phthldg khldluc ihridbdc rdmbodcdm ohbcdtdm thrshiut, Ourcouluk Zraec P9 Clku Oakumcodsc 9:42 scdp umtuo ecthrdpodm kuldctdgum dndrdm idru 9:42/9:47 umtuo kdgdscswd idru shkhmtdrd kdgdscswd ldkd kdscg khmbbumdodm ourcouluk ldkd edldk prashs trdmscsc ydmb suedg ecscdpodm alhg phmburus Zraec. Ehmbdm thrsusummyd, Iuou Ourcouluk Zraec P9 Clku Oakumcodsc 9:42, odkc khmbu`dpodm thrckdodscg ydmb shihsdr-ihsdrmyd dtds ohrnd ohrds Uck Zhmyusum Ourcouluk, phmburus Ehpdrthkhm Clku Oakumcodsc, phmburus Fdoultds CPCZAL, shlurug stdf phmbdndr edm stdf thmdbd phmececodm Ehpdrthkhm Clku Oakumcodsc edm kdgdscswd Zraec P9 Clku Oakumcodsc. Phkabd phmyusumdm Iuou Ourcouluk cmc khmndec tctco taldo umtuo khmumnuoodm oamtrciusc praec P9 Clku Oakumcodsc umtuo thtdp oamscsthm khmbhkidmbodm Clku Oakumcodsc ec Cmeamhscd ehmbdm khkihodlc kdgdscswd ehmbdm phmbhtdgudm ydmb shldlu ecdsdg edm ecshsudcodm ehmbdm phrohkidmbdm ndkdm. Sabydodrtd, 9: Fhirudrc 9:47 Ohtud Zraec P9 Clku Oakumcodsc Er. Mavc Ourmcd, K.Pc., K.D.

0|Zdbh 

 

 

PHOCLDP UHMUDMB ZYABYDK PUXEC P9 CLKX OAKXMCODPC D. EHPOYCZPC ZYABYDK PUXEC P9 CLKX C LKX OAKXMCODPC FCPCZAL XBK Zrabrdk Ptuec P9 Clku Oakumcodsc ldgcr umtuo khrhspam phrohkidmbdm ohclkudm docidt phmhtrdsc thomalabc cmfarkdsc & oakumcodsc (UCO) shrtd ecmdkcod sascdl palctco ec Cmeamhscd pdsod rhfarkdsc ydmb khldgcrodm shnukldg ohicndodm thmtdmb ohihidsdm cmfarkdsc edm ihrctd. Zrabrdk Ptuec P9 Clku Oakumcodsc ydmb ldgcr tdgum 9::8 khmyusum prabrdk phkihldndrdm edldk tcbd oamshmtrdsc (oamshmtrdsc clku oakumcodsc edm khecd, oamshmtrdsc kdmdnhkhm oakumcodsc edm oamshmtrdsc ohicndodm oakumcodsc) umtuo khkihodlc kdgdscswd dbdr kdkpu khmbgdedpc tdmtdmbdm edm ecmdkcod ydmb thrndec ec kdsd ehpdm. D.4. Vcsc Zrabrdk Ptuec P9 Clku Oakumcodsc FCPCZAL X XBK BK

Yukusdm vcsc Fdoultds Clku Pascdl edm Clku Zalcto dedldg khm`cptdodm fdoultds ydmb khkclcoc “rhputdsc cmthrmdscamdl ydmb kdkpu khmearamb ohkdnudm idmbsd khmunu Cmeamhscd shidbdc mhbdrd  ydmb khkudt oakctkhm ydmb kdnu pded 9:8:.‛ Puistdmsc edrc vcsc cmc ecpdedtodm khldluc stdthkhmt  ydmb ihriumyc “@akkctthe “@akkctthe ta P`chm`h far Ihtthr Pa`chty ‛. ‛.  Phndldm ehmbdm vcsc fdoultds thrshiut, Zraec P9 Clku Oakumcodsc khkihrcodm sphscfcodsc lhicg ldmnut ydmb ecshsudcodm ehmbdm idscs oakphthmsc ohclkudm ydmb ecohlald praec, ydomc “@rdftcmb “ @rdftcmb Rhllcmfarkhe Pa`chty .‛ .‛ Ehmbdm odtd ldcm, ec tcmbodt praec, “d “d ihtthr sa`chty ‛ ctu ecthrnhkdg ecthrnhkdgodm odm khmndec “d “d whll-cmfarkhe sa`chty ,‛ ,‛ ydomc phm`cptddm kdsydrdodt ydmb ecihodlc ehmbdm cmfarkdsc ydmb ihroudlctds edm khm`uoupc. Edldk phrwunuedmmyd, vcsc thrshiut khrdmbouk tcbd eckhmsc Urc Edrkd phrburudm tcmbbc. Ehmbdm ehkcocdm, updyd umtuo khkidmbum edm khwunueodm d “whll-cmfarkhe “whll-cmfarkhe sa`chty ‛ thrshiut ecthrnhkdgodm edldk prashs phmbdndrdm, phmhlctcdm, edm phmbdiecdm ohpded kdsydrdodt. Phsudc ehmbdm wcldydg odncdmmyd, kdod Zraec P9 CO khmhodmodm pded wc wcldydg ldydg phmbdndrdm,phmhlctcdm, edm phmbdiecdm kdsydrdodt ydmb sh`drd ogusus ecdrdgodm pded tcbd oamshmtrdsc> COK (Clku Oakumcodsc edm Khecd), Kdmdnhkhm Oakumcodsc, edm Ohicndodm Oakumcodsc. Oak umcodsc. D.9. Kcsc Zrabrdk Ptuec P9 Clku Oakumcodsc FCPCZAL XBK

  Zhmyhlhmbbdrddm phmbdndrdm ecupdydodm khkhmugc stdmedr cmthrmdscamdl ehmbdm idscs kdthrc



dtdu pded idgdm dndr ydmb ihrkutu.

  Zhmyhlhmbbdrddm phmhlctcdm ydmb ecupdydodm khkhmugc stdmedr kutu cmthrmdscamdl ydmb



shodlcbus icsd nubd ecbumdodm shidbdc idgdm phmbdndrdm.

  Zhmyhlhmbbdrddm phmbdiecdm kdsydrdodt ydmb ihridscs gdscl rcsht ydmb ihrkutu, kcsdlmyd



prabrdk lcthrdsc khecd edm bhrdodm ehkaordtcsdsc khecd.

  Zhkihmtuodm ndlcmdm ohrndsdkd cmthrmdscamdl shidbdc `drd umtuo khldouodm ihm`gkdrocmb umtuo



phmcmbodtdm kutu phmbdndrdm edm rcsht

5|Zdbh 

 

 

D.0. Uunudm Zrabrdk Ptuec P9 Clku Oakumcodsc FCPCZAL XBK   Khmbgdsclodm lulusdm ydmb khkclcoc wdwdsdm sascdl edm prafhscamdl shgcmbbd kdkpu ihrdedptdsc ehmbdm phrohkidmbdm kutdogcr kdsydrdodt shndldm ehmbdm phrtukiugdm kdsydrdodt cmfarkdsc.

  Khkpraeuosc lulusdm dmedl ydmb khkclcoc ohkdkpudm rcsht ydmb idco edldk rcsht ydmb



khkclcoc ckplcodsc edldk eumcd prafhsc ec icedmb oakumcodsc, ohicndodm edm dodehkco.

  Khkihodlc lulusdm ehmbdm pdmeudm htco, wdwdsdm tharctco edm prafhscamdl ec icedmb



oakumcodsc.

PUDFF ZHMBDNDY 4.  Zraf. S.D. Mumumb Zrdndrta, K.D., Zg.E. 9.  Er. Zgcl. Dmd Mdegyd Dirdr, K.H.P. 0.  Er. Ousorcega Dkidrec, K.D. 5.  Er. Zgcl. Ghrkcm Cmedg Rdgyumc, K.Pc. 8.  Er. Mavc Ourmcd, K.D., K.Pc. 6.  Er. Iuec Crdwdmta, K.D. 2.  Er. Rceaea Dbus Phtcdmta, K.Pc. 7.  Er. Ydncyhk, P.CZ., K.Pc. 3.  Er. Ecdm Drykdkc, P.CZ., K.Guk. 4:.  Ers. C Bustc Mburdg Zutrd, K.D. (Zg.E. @dme.) 44.  Ydgdyu, P.CZ., K.Pc., K.D. (Zg.E. @dme.) 49.  Rcsmu Kdrtgd Decputrd, P.CZ., K.Pc. (Zg.E. @dme.) 40.  Er. Mydrwc Dgkde, P.CZ., K.Pc. 45.  Ers. Iuegy O. ^dkdm, K.Pc. 48.  Ers. Iuegy Pdyabd, K.Ohs. 46.  Pydfrczdl, P.CZ., K.D. 42.  Drecdm Cmera Suwama, P.CZ., K.D.

 

47.  Dedk ZulumbR. P. Zhridwdmc, P.CZ., K.K. 43. Puodrma, P.CZ., K.D. 9:.  Lcsd Lcmedwdtc, P.CZ., K.D. 94.  Bcldmb Ehstc Zdrdgctd, P.CZ., K.D. 99.  Kuftc Mur Ldtcfdg, P.CZ., K.D. 90.  Lcewcmd Kutcd Pdedsrc, P.CZ., K.D. 95.  Crgdk Mur Dmsgdrc, P.CZ., K.D. 98.  D`gmcd Edkdydmtc, P.CZ., K.P`. 96.  Er. Lcly Hl Fhrdwdtc Yafcl, I.D. 92.  Pydcfd Udmcd, P.CZ., K.D. 97.  ^dcmueecm Kued ^. Kambbcla, P.Coak., K.D. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

8|Zdbh 

 

 

OXYCOXLXK P9 CLKX OAKXMCODPC 9:42 Zhtd odncdm clku oakumcodsc ihrohkidmb `hpdt.Phtcedomyd ded eud tdmtdmbdm khmedsdr ydmb ecgdedpc phkihldndr oakumcodsc sddt cmc.Zhrtdkd, phrohkidmbdm thomalabc cmfarkdsc edm oakumcodsc khmearamb phruidgdm phrdedidm kdmuscd. Zhrtuodrdm cmfarkdsc edrc sdtu tctco oh tctco ldcm ec ihridbdc wcldydg iukc khmndec shkdocm kuedg edm `hpdt. Ecmdkcod oakumcodsc khmcmbodt edm ihrdocidt pded phrludsdm odncdm clku oakumcodsc.Oheud, ecbctdlcsdsc oakumcodsc khldgcrodm `hruo odncdm idru, thrutdkd throdct ehmbdm cmfarkdsc, khecd edm ehkaordsc shrtd pcrdmtc ohicndodm ydmb khkdyumbcmyd.Oamshouhmscmyd, phkihldndr oakumcodsc gdrus tdmbbdp edm dedptcf thrgdedp phruidgdm ydmb thrndec. Ihredsdrodm hvdludsc thrgdedp ourcouluk shihlukmyd, stuec oakpdrdsc thrgdedp ihrdbdk ourcouluk prabrdk pdsod sdrndmd idco ec edldk kdupum ec ludr mhbhrc, Zraec P9 Clku Oakumcodsc Ehpdrthkhm Clku Oakumcodsc FCPCZAL XBK, khrukusodm idgwd shndo tdgum dndrdm idru 9:42/9:47 phmyhlhmbbdrddm Zrabrdk P9 Clku Oakumcodsc khlcputc hkpdt faous phkcmdtdm, ydctu > 4.  Zhkcmdtdm Ptuec Oakumcodsc

Zhkcmdtdm Ptuec Oakumcodsc faous pded updyd umtuo khmececo kdgdscswd dbdr khkclcoc phmbhtdgudm ldmnutdm edldk khkdgdkc ohclkudm oakumcodsc 9.  Zhkcmdtdm Ohicndodm Oakumcodsc

Zhkcmdtdm Ohicndodm Oakumcodsc khkphldndrc csu-csu ohicndodm icedmb oakumcodsc edm khecd sh`drd oakprhghmscf 0.  Zhkcmdtdm Kdmdnhkhm Oakumcodsc

Zhkcmdtdm Kdmdnhkhm Oakumcodsc khkphldndrc phmbhlalddm ohbcdtdm oakumcodsc ydmb ihrfaous pded arbdmcsdsc/ oarpardsc 5.  Zhkcmdtdm Odncdm Khecd edm Iuedyd

Zhkcmdtdm Odncdm Khecd edm Iuedyd khkphldndrc phrohkidmbdm khecd edm iuedyd ydmb sddt

cmc

khmndec

tctco

shmtrdl

phrbuldtdmsascdl

ydmb

khmyhmtug

ohgceupdm

ohshgdrcdmkdsydrdodt.

OAKZHUHMPC XUDKD

Phedmbodm prashs phkihldndrdm pded Zrabrdk Ptuec P9 Clku Oakumcodsc ihrtunudm umtuo >  4.  Khmbgdsclodm lulusdm ydmb ihriuec lugur, edpdt khmbhkidmbodm edm khmhrdpodm mcldcmcldc ohkdmuscddm ydmb shsudc ehmbdm vcsc, kcsc edm tunudm phmyhlhmbbdrddm phmececodm ec Xmcvhrsctds Bdendg Kded. 9.  Khmbgdsclodm lulusdm ydmb khkclcoc ohkdkpudm tharctco edm dmdlctco ec icedmb clku oakumcodsc.

6|Zdbh 

 

  0.  Khmbgdsclodm lulusdm ydmb rhspamscvh edm dedptcf thrgdedp phruidgdm ecmdkcod oakumcodsc edm phrohkidmbdm thomalabc cmfarkdsc edm oakumcodsc. 5.  Khmbgdsclodm lulusdm ydmb khkclcoc ohkdkpudm khmhlctc khmhlctc ec icedmb clku oakumcodsc. OAKZHUHMPC OGXPXP

Xmtuo khkihrcodm `crc ogusus idbc phshrtd ececo, kdod prashs phkihldndrdm pded prabrdk stuec P9 Clku oakumcodsc khrdm`dmb oakphthmsc ogusus ydmb dodm eckclcoc alhg lulusdm, ydomc > 4.  Khkidmbum ohkdkpudm khmboamstruosc kaehl ohicndodm oakumcodsc ydmb khmbaptckdlodm phm`dpdcdm mcldc-mcldc cehdl edldk shiudg ohicndodm oakumcodsc ydctu, ehkaordsc, ohdecldm, edm ihrarchmtdsc pded ohpuilcodm ydmb oudt? o udt? 9.  Kckclcoc ohkdkpudm khkid`d, khkihedg, edm khkfarkuldsc phrsadldm edm fhmakhmd sascdl edldk cmthroamhoscmyd ehmbdm drhmd oakumcodsc edm khm`drc dthrmdtcf salusc khldluc orctco, ohsdedrdm, edm dotcfctds phruidgdm sa`cdl? 0.  Khkdgdkc oamshp edm khtaealabc ohclkudm oakumcodsc sh`drd lhmbodp edldk ihridbdc pdrdecbkd? 5.  Khkclcoc phkdgdkdm edm ohkdkpudm edldk khmbdplcodscodm dspho tharctcs oakumcodsc, khmbudsdc thomalabc cmfarkdsc edm oakumcodsc shrtd kdkpu khmbhlald prabrdk-prabrdk phmbhkidmbdm sukihr edyd kdmuscd oakumcodsc edldk phrusdgddm shrtd edpdt khmbduect phldosdmddm oakumcodsc throdct ehmbdm oakumcodsc strdthnco edm khecd.

KDPD UHKZXG ZYABYDK PUXEC CLKX OAKXMCODPC Kdsd thkpug stuec ec Zrabrdk Ptuec Clku Oakumcodsc ecldosdmdodm edldk hkpdt shkhsthr ehmbdm ihidm 58 POP

2|Zdbh 

 

 

IHIDM PUXEC edm PHIDYDM KDUD OXLCDG Phkhsthr C

Mdkd Kdtd Oulcdg Khtaeh Ycsht clku oakumcodsc Urdecsc Ycsht Oakumcodsc Oakumcodsc edm Csu-Csu Oamthkparhr Oakumcodsc Ecbctdl Kdtd Oulcdg Zclcgdm Zraec

Nukldg 4 4 4 4 4

POP 0 0 0 0 0 48

Phkhsthr CC

Mdkd Kdtd Oulcdg KO RDNCI ZHKCMDUDM KO RDNCI ZHKCMDUDM KO RDNCI ZHKCMDUDM Kdtd Oulcdg Zclcgdm ZHKCMDUDM  ZHKCMDUDM  Kdtd Oulcdg Zclcgdm ZHKCMDUDM  ZHKCMDUDM  Kdtd Oulcdg Zclcgdm ZHKCMDUDM  ZHKCMDUDM 

Nukldg 4 4 4 4 4 4

POP 0 0 0 0 0 0 47

Phkhsthr CCC

Mdkd Kdtd Oulcdg Zhmulcsdm edm shkcmdr prapasdl

Nukldg 4

POP 0 0

Phkhsthr CV

Mdkd Kdtd Oulcdg

Nukldg 4

Ughscs

POP 3 3 58

Uatdl KDUD OXLCDG   RDNCI ZHKCMDUDM PUXEC OAKXMCODPC Ma Mdkd Kdtd Oulcdg 4 Uharc Khecd & Kdsydrdodt 9 Khecd Blaidl edm Nurmdlcskh 0 Oakumcodsc Zhrsphotcf Pcsthk edm Dotar

Phkhsthr CC CC CC

POP 0 0 0

Oakumcodsc KDUD OXLCDG ZCLCGDM ZHKCMDUDM* Ma Mdkd Kdtd Oulcdg 4 Oakumcodsc edm Cmthrdosc Kdmuscd  9 Khecd edm Zalctco  0 Lcthrdsc Ecbctdl 

Phkhsthr CC CC CC

POP 0 0 0

Phkhsthr CC CC CC

POP 0 0 0

  ZHKCMDUDM OHICNDODM OAKXMCODPC



Ma 4 9 0

Mdkd Kdtd Oulcdg Uharc Ohicndodm Oakumcodsc Dmdlcscs ohicndodm oakumcodsc Htcod Ohicndodm Oakumcodsc

7|Zdbh 

 

 

KDUD OXLCDG ZCLCGDM ZHKCMDUDM * Ma Mdkd Kdtd Oulcdg 4 Oakpdrdsc Ohicndodm Oakumcodsc 9 Ohicndodm edm Cmeustrc Oakumcodsc 0 Zalctco Ohicndodm Khecd

Phkhsthr CC CC CC

POP 0 0 0

Phkhsthr CC CC CC

POP 0 0 0

Phkhsthr CC CC CC

POP 0 0 0

Phkhsthr CC

POP 0

  ZHKCMDUDM KDMDNHKHM OAKXMCODPC



Ma 4 9 0

Mdkd Kdtd Oulcdg Uharc oakumcodsc arbdmcsdsc  Uharc Oakumcodsc strdthbcs Kdmdnhkhm oakumcodsc Oarpardt edm ZY  KDUD OXLCDG ZCLCGDM ZHKCMDUDM * Ma Mdkd Kdtd Oulcdg 4 Kdmdnhkhm oak phkdsdrdm  9 Kdmdnhkhm oakumcodsc phkhrcmtdg  0 Ycsht puilco edm pdsdr 

  ZHKCMDUDM ODNCDM KHECD EDM IXEDSD



Ma 4

Mdkd Kdtd Oulcdg Uharc Khecd edm Iuedyd 

9 0

Khecd edm Zhrsphotcf Pascdl CC Odncdm Khecd Blaidl  CC KDUD OXLCDG ZCLCGDM ZHKCMDUDM * Ma Mdkd Kdtd Oulcdg Phkhsthr CC 4 Duechms edm iuedyd papulhr  CC 9 Khecd, Cehmtctds& Bhmehr  CC 0 Iuedyd Vcsudl  *Kdgdscswd ecphrialhgodm khkclcg kdtd oulcdg pclcgdm praec  phkcmdtdmmyd  phkcmdtd mmyd dtdu dtdu khkclcg khkclcg kdtd oulcdg oulcdg phkcmdtdm phkcmdtdm ldcm.

KDUD OXLCDG ZCLCGDM ZYAEC** Ma Mdkd Kdtd Oulcdg 4 @yihr`ulturh

9 0 5

Phkhsthr C

Hoamakc Zalctco Oakumcodsc C Zhrsphotcf Oamthm Oakumcodsc C Kdmdnhkhm Oakumcodsc Orcscs C ** Kdgdscswd khkclcg sdtu ecdmtdrd hkpdt tdwdrdm KO ydmb ecshecdodm

0 0 POP 0 0 0 shsudc ehmbdm

POP 0

0 0 0

3|Zdbh 

 

 

EHPOYCZPC KDUD OXLCDG 4.  ZHKCMDUDM PUXEC OAKXMCODPC d.  UHAYC KHECD EDM KDPSDYDODU Kdtd oulcdg cmc khmecsouscodm rhldsc dmtdrd khecd edm kdsydrdodt. Khecd edm kdsydrdodt sdlcmb khkphmbdrugc sdtu sdkd ldcm. Khecd khkihrcodm phmbdrug pded

kdsydrdodt edldk ndmbod wdotu ydmb ihrdbdk.Ehkcocdm nubd kdsydrdodt turut khmhmtuodm odrdothr khecd.Khecd khmyhidrodm cmfarkdsc edldk nukldg ihsdr edm khmndmbodu wcldydg ydmb luds.Phldcm ctu khecd nubd khmyhidrodm mcldc-mcldc ohpded kdsydrdodt, idco ctu mcldc ydmb eccmbcmodm kdupum tcedo eccmbcmodm.Kdsydrdodt nubd turut khmhmtuodm odrdothr khecd khldluc `drd ohrnd edm pdmedmbdm phohrnd khecd,  nubd khldluc oamthm ydmb ydmb ecgdsclodm alhg khecd.

i.  KHECD BLAIDL EDM NXYMDLCPKH Fhmakhmd cmstctusc khecd ydmb shkdocm khmbblaidl, idco sodld kdupum phmbdrugmyd, khkihrcodm edkpdo ihsdr pded prashs oakumcodsc dmtdr idmbsd edm mhbdrd. Cmstctusc khecd tcedo gdmyd ihrphmbdrug sh`drd palctco edm hoamakc edldk phrohkidmbdm thrshiut, thtdpc edldk ndmbod pdmndmb ihrphmbdrug sh`drd sascaoulturdl, dmtdrd ldcm phrshidrdm mcldc edm cehalabc. Pdldg sdtu odrdothr oamthm ydmb phmtcmb edldk khecd dedldg oamthm ydmb ihridscs pded ohndecdm, ydmb ecohmdl sh`drd ukuk shidbdc nurmdlcskh. Phidbdc scsthk edm prashs praeuosc, ecstrciusc, edm doshs ihrctd, nurmdlcskh ihrphrdm ihsdr edldk phrohkidmbdm mhbdrd edm idmbsd. Kdtd oulcdg cmc dodm khkidgds ecmdkcod khecd blaidl edm nurmdlcskh sh`drd oamshptudl edm ihredsdrodm ihridbdc odsus ydmb thrndec ec shlurug eumcd.

`.  OAKXMCODPC ZHYPZHOUCF PCPUHK EDM DOUAY Zrashs oakumcodsc edpdt ecdkdtc khldluc eud sueut pdmedmb, ydctu scsthk edm dotar. Pcsthk khrupdodm phrsphotcf ydmb khlcgdt fhmakhmd oakumcodsc sh`drd kdora edm thrdmbodc sdtu sdkd ldcm. Phkhmtdrd phrsphotcf dotar khkdmedmbmyd pded tdtdrdm

kcora ec kdmd cmecvceu khkclcoc phrdm ydmb phmtcmb edldk prashs oakumcodsc . e.  OAKXMCODPC EDM CMUHYDOPC KDMXPCD Zrashs oakumcodsc cmthrphrsamdl iuodm gdmyd khlcidtodm eud cmecvceu edm thrndec sh`drd ldmbsumb khldcmodm nubd khlcidtodm prashs ec edldk ohlakpao dtdu arbdmcsdsc shrtd thrndec sh`drd tcedo ldmbsumb khldluc prashs ydmb rhldtcf rukct edm ecmdkcs. Zrashs oakumcodsc cmc ecphldndrc sh`drd khmedldk pded tcmbodtdm kdsthr cmc. h.  KHECD EDM ZALCUCO Zrashs oakumcodsc edpdt ihrldmbsumb edm ecdkdtc khldluc oamthos ohphmtcmbdm edm ohoudsddm. Zded tcmbodt cmc prashs oakumcodsc palctco ecphldndrc sh`drd khmedldk khldluc ihrdbdk phrsphotcf, thrutdkd khldluc khecd ydmb shkdocm oamvhrbhm

(khkusdt) shodlcbus ecvhrbhm (khmyhidr)

4: | Z d b h  

 

 

f.  LCUHYDPC ECBCUDL Ec edldk prashs ohkhecddm shrcmbodlc phrgdtcdm lhicg ihsdr ecihrcodm ohpded dotcvctds cmstctusc khecd, shihmdrmyd kdsydrdodt nubd phmtcmb umtuo ecdkdtc ehmbdm khmedldk. Lcthrdsc khecd khmedldkc oh`dodpdm kdsydrdodt edldk ihrcmthrdosc ehmbdm oamthm khecd edldk khmbbumdodmmyd edldk ohgceupdm sascdl.

9.  ZHKCMDUDM KDMDNHKHM OAKXMCODPC d.  UHAYC OAKXMCODPC AYBDMCPDPC Kdtd oulcdg cmc khkidgds ecmdkcod prashs oakumcodsc pded tdtdrdm arbdmcsdsc. Edldk oamthos arbdmcsdsc, oakumcodsc khlcputc phmbudsddm pded lhvhl oakumcodsc cmthrphrsamdl edm oakumcodsc ohlakpao. Xmtuo ctu phshrtd phroulcdgdm dodm khmecsouscodm ihridbdc csu shputdr eud ihmtuo edm tcmbodtdm oakumcodsc ctu, ehmbdm ihridbdc oamthos edm phrkdsdldgdmmyd. Zrashs edm khodmcskh khmecsouscodm ihmtuo-ihmtuo oakumcodsc ctu thridbc edldk hkpdt drds utdkd ydmb thrkdmcfhstdsc edldk hkpdt csu > csu tharhtcs edm khtaealabcs, csu oamthos, csu struotur, edm csu prashs phrcldou oakumcodsc edldk arbdmcsdsc. Kdscmb-kdscmb csu khkclcoc odrdothrcstco edm oakplhosctdsmyd kdscmb-kdscmb. Uhodmdm pded oakumcodsc ohlakpao edm idbdckdmd cmecvceu khldouodm oakumcodsc cmthrphrsamdl edldk prashs thrshiut khmndec edsdr umtuo khkdgdkc suistdmsc

phroulcdgdm. Zrashs phmbdkicldm ohputusdm edm prashs dedptdsc shshardmb edldk lcmboumbdm ohlakpao dodm khmndec thodmdm dmdlcscs. Phlhpds ctu phshrtd phroulcdgdm dodm khldouodm dmdlcscs dtds phrcldou arbdmcsdsc edrc ihridbdc phrsphotcf ydmb ihrihed. i.  UHAYC OAKXMCODPC PUYDUHBCP Kdtdoulcdg cmc dodm khmbhosplardsc ihridbdc tharc edldk oakumcodsc strdthnco shidbdc shiudg odncdm idru ydmb ocmc kuldc khmndec sdtu oh`hmehrumbdm idru umtuo khmdkpumb ihridbdc ecscplcm ldkd ydmb kuldc ohgcldmbdm rhlhvdmscmyd ehmbdm phrohkidmbdm thomalabc thomalabc oakumcodsc kutdogcr. Oakumcodsc Oakumcodsc strdthnco strdthnco ocmc khmndec idbcdm tdo thrpcsdgodm edrc ohihrgdscldm ihridbdc arbdmcsdsc idco sascdl, icsmcs edm palctco edldk khm`dpdc tunudm ydmb cmbcm ec`dpdc edldk ndmbod phmeho, khmhmbdg edm ndmbod pdmndmb. Oulcdg cmc dodm ihrfaous pded tharc-tharc ydmb throdct ehmbdm rcsht, phrhm`dmddm edm hvdludsc prabrdk oakumcodsc arbdmcsdsc umtuo ihrguiumbdm ehmbdm ihridbdc stdohgalehr edm edldk ihridbdc odsus umtuo khkphmbdrugc stdohgalehr dbdr thridmbum phrshtunudm thrgdedp ohicndodm, prabrdk ydmb ecgdsclodm arbdmcsdsc. Phthldg khmbcoutc oulcdg cmc kdgdscswd ecgdrdpodm khkclcoc ohkdkpudm edldk (d) khkdgdkc edm khmnhldsodm ihridbdc tharc, oamshp, kaehl, edm eckhmsc-eckhmsc oakumcodsc strdthnco, (i) khldouodm rcsht, phrhm`dmddm umtuo ohbcdtdm oakumcodsc thrcmthbrdsc ydmb ecndldmodm arbdmcsdsc umtuo ihridbdc tunudm, edm (`) khkihrc tdwdrdm salusc umtuo khmbdtdsc ihridbdc kdsdldg oakumcodsc ydmb ecgdedpc shiudg arbdmcsdsc. `.  KDMDNHKHM OAYZAYDU EDM ZXILC@ YHLDUCAMP Kdtd oulcdg cmc khkidgds idbdckdmd khmbhlald ohbcdtdm oakumcodsc dmtdrd

arbdmcsdsc ehmbdm ihridbdc puilc` dtdu stdohgalehrmyd ydmb sddt cmc ecshiut shidbdc kdmdnhkhm oakumcodsc oarpardt shidbdc dlthrmdtcvh umtuo cstcldg puilc` rhldtcams. Ec 44 | Z d b h  

 

 

edldkmyd dodm ecidgds phmbhrtcdm kdmdnhkhm strdthbcs, phrohkidmbdm ihridbdc phmehodtdm edm rcsht edldk icedmb oakumcodsc oarpardt edm puilc` rhldtcams, phmyusumdm struotur arbdmcsdsc ydmb khkumbocmodm oakumcodsc oarpardt edm puilc` rhldtcams eckdmfddtodm sh`drd kdosckdl dtdu dbdr oakumcodsc oarpardt edm puilc` rhldtcams khkihrc oamtrciusc kdosckdl pded arbdmcsdsc, phrhm`dmddm ohbcdtdm oakumcodsc oarpardt edm puilc` rhldtcams, ckplhkhmtdsc edm hvdludsc ohbcdtdm oakumcodsc oarpardt edm puilc` rhldtcams.

e.  KDMDNHKHM OAKXMCODPC ZHKDPDYDM Kdtd oulcdg cmc khkihrcodm idgdsdm thmtdmb kdmdnhkhm edldk oakumcodsc phkdsdrdm utdkdmyd utdkdmyd dedldg edldk khkdmdbh khkdmdbh dtdu khmbhlald khmbhlald shiudg prabrdk oakumcodsc phkdsdrdm idco ihrscfdt oakhrscdl kdupum mam oakhrscdl? ehmbdm tunudm ukuk kdupum sphscfco. Uunudm ukuk throdct ehmbdm ohsdedrdm dodm shiudg praeuo thrthmtu, tunudm sphscfco throdct ehmbdm ohsdedrdm edm phrkcmtddm thrgdedp khrho praeuo thrthmtu. Ph`drd lhicg ogusus kdtd oulcdg cmc khkihrcodm idgdsdm thmtdmb prcmscp-prcmscp kdnhkhm edldk oakumcodsc phkdsdrdm, dmdlcscs pdsdr edm thrbht pdsdr, phmhmtudm shbkhmtdsc edm pasctcamcmb, phmhmtudm prabrdk oakumcodsc phkdsdrdm ehmbdm khlcidtodm hlhkhm-hlhkhm oakumcodsc edldk praeuo, gdrbd, sdlurdm ecstrciusc kdupum idurdm prakasc ydmb ecbumdodm.

h.  KDMDNHKHM OAKXMCODPC ZHKHYCMUDG Kdtd oulcdg cmc khkphldndrc kdmdnhkhm oakumcodsc phkhrcmtdg ehmbdm faous pded idbdckdmd phkhrcmtdg edpdt khmbhlald ohbcdtdm oakumcodsc ehmbdm wdrbd mhbdrd shgcmbbd dodm thr`dpdc phkhrcmtdgdm ydmb hfhotcf edm kdkpu khkidmbum ohphr`dyddm wdrbd (trust ) thrgdedp phkhrcmtdg edm khmcmbodtodm pdrtcscpdsc kdsydrdodt edldk updyd phridcodm ohgceupdmmyd. Oulcdg cmc dodm khmhodmodm pded phkdgdkdm thrgdedp kdomd edm pdrdecbkd oakumcodsc phkhrcmtdg, phrhm`dmddm strdthbcs oakumcodsc phkhrcmtdg, oakumcodsc ehmbdm puilco cmthrmdl, oakumcodsc ehmbdm wdrbd kdsydrdodt, ecplakdsc puilco, phmbhlalddm khecd umtuo phkhrcmtdg, oakumcodsc umtuo ihm`dmd edm orcscs shrtd khkdgdkc eckhmsc kardl dtdu htcs edldk khmndldmodm oakumcodsc phkhrcmtdg. Oulcdg cmc ihrtunudm umtuo (d) khkidmbum phkdgdkdm edm wdwdsdm pded kdgdscswd thmtdmb phmbhlalddm ohbcdtdm oakumcodsc ydmb ecldouodm arbdmcsdsc phkhrcmtdg, (i) khkidmbum phkdgdkdm edm wdwdsdm pded kdgdscswd edldk khmbcehmtcfcodsc ihridbdc ohmedld edm tdmtdmbdm edldk phmbhlalddm oakumcodsc phkhrcmtdg? edm (`) khkidmbum phkdgdkdm edm ohtrdkpcldm prdotcs kdgdscswd edldk khmndldmodm kdmdnhkhm oakumcodsc phkhrcmtdg.

f.  YCPHU ZXILCO EDM ZDPDY Kdtd oulcdg cmc khkihrcodm phmbhrtcdm thmtdmb oamshp, tharc, phmehodtdm edm prdotho-prdotho edldk rcsht puilco edm pdsdr. Zuilco edm pdsdr khrupdodm oamshp edm hmtctds ydmb ihrihed, mdkum edldk oamthos oakumcodsc strdthbco oheudmyd

khmndec oamshp edm hmtctds ydmb sdmbdt phmtcmb idbc phm`dpdcdm tunudm-tunudm strdthnco idco edldk edldk icedmb puilc` rhldtcams rhldtcams kdupum kdupum edldk icedmb oakumcodsc oakumcodsc 49 | Z d b h  

 

 

phkdsdrdm. Alhg Alhg odrhmdmyd phkdgdkdm oamshptudl oamshptudl thmtdmb thmtdmb puilco edm pdsdr dodm khmndec idgdsdm phrtdkd edldk kdtd oulcdg cmc umtuo khmbhtdguc eakdcm edm idtdsdm-idtdsdm thmtdmb puilco edm pdsdr. Lhicg ldmnut dodm ecidgds khmbhmdc tharctharc tharc ydmb ihrodctdm ehmbdm puilco edm pdsdr, shrtd phmehodtdm edm prdotho-prdotho edldk rcsht puilco edm pdsdr ogususmyd ogususmyd khmydmbout tunudm, nhmcs edm khtaeh rcsht ydmb ecbumdodm.

0.  ZHKCMDUDM OHICNDODM OAKXMCODPC d.  UHAYC OHICNDODM OAKXMCODPC Kdtd oulcdg ydmb ihrtunudm khkihrcodm edsdr-edsdr sphscfco khmbhmdc stuec ohicndodm oakumcodsc.Zhkdgdkdm oakumcodsc.Zhkdgdkdm khmbhmdc stdth af tgh drt edrc tharc ohicndodm edm taoag-taoag ydmb khmbhkidmbodm odncdm cmc shihlukmyd. Amtalabc odncdm, hpcsthkalaby edldk hosplardsc edm doscalabc khmbhmdc mcldc-mcldc ydmb khlcmboupc phkcocrdm dodm ececsouscodm edldk kdtd oulcdg cmc i.  DMDLCPCP OHICNDODM OAKXMCODPC Kdtd oulcdg cmc dodm sh`drd ogusus khkphldndrc `drd edm thomco umtuo khmbdmdlcscs ohicndodm oakumcodsc. Uunudm kdtd oulcdg cmc dedldg umtuo khkihodlc kdgdscswd ohkdkpudm khmbdmdlcscs ohicndodm oakumcodsc edm khecd. Ihihrdpd khtaeh ydmb

dodm ecphldndrc dedldg eud khtaeh edldk pdrdecbk ihsdr clku sascdl ydctu oudmtctdtcf edm oudlctdtcf shrtd ihedg csc ohicndodm oakumcodsc.

`.  HUCOD OHICNDODM OAKXMCODPC Kdtd oulcdg ydmb ihrtunudm khkihrcodm phrsphotcf prcmscp oakumcodsc ohpuilcodm ydmb phrlu ecthbdoodm sh`drd prcmscpccl edldk shiudg ohicndodm. Kdgdscswd dodm khkphldndrc pclcgdm-pclcgdm htcs edm prailhkdmyd edldk phmhmtudm ohicndodm. e.  OAKZDYDPC OHICNDODM OAKXMCODPC Kdtd oulcdg ydmb ogusus khkphroudt phrsphotcf oakpdrdsc ohicndodm dmtdrd sdtu mhbdrd ehmbdm mhbdrd ldcmmyd. Kdgdscswd dodm ectdwdrodm ihridbdc hosplardsc phmbdyddm khkphridmecmbodm sdtu ohicndodm oakumcodsc dtdu khecd edrc ihridbdc mhbdrd idco ec Dkhrcod, Hrapd, dtdupum ihldgdm mhbdrd ldcmmyd h.  OHICNDODM EDM CMEXPUYC OAKXMCODPC Kdtd oulcdg cmc dodm khmbhosplardsc ohicndodm oakumcodsc edrc dspho ydmb lhicg luds ydctu throdct ehmbdm khecd edm cmeustry oakumcodsc. Zhruidgdm ldmsodp cmeustry ydmb ectapdmb kum`ulmyd pldtfark idru khecd edm rhbuldsc oakumcodsc khrupdodm fhmakhmd phmtcmb edm khmdrco edldk ogdsdmdg ohicndodm oakumcodsc Cmeamhscd. Kdtd oulcdg cmc dodm khkusdtodm phkidgdsdm pded ihihrdpd csu paoao p aoao thrshiut.

40 | Z d b h  

 

 

f.  ZALCUCO OHICNDODM KHECD Kdtd Oulcdg Zalctco ohicndodm khecd dodm khmbhosplardsc dspho ohicndodm ydmb lhicg sphscfco edrc phrsphotcf ydmb lhicg palctcs. Kdtd oulcdg cmc dodm khmbhosplardsc ohicndodm oakumcodsc lhicg edrc shohedr prashs khodmcs edm prasheur shiudg ohicndodm oakumcodsc thtdpc dodm khlcgdtmyd shidbdc drhmd phrtdrumbdm edm oamtravhrsc mcldc-mcldc palctco ydmb ihrtdrumb. 5.  ZHKCMDUDM KHECD EDM IXEDSD d.  Odncdm Khecd edm Iuedyd Kdtd Oulcdg cmc khkihrcodm edsdr oamshp-oamshp phmtcmb throdct odncdm khecd & odncdm iuedyd (`ulturdl stuechs).Kdtd oulcdg cmc khrupdodm nhkidtdm dmtdrd clku oakumcodsc edm odncdm khecd, ec kdmd phrsphotcf orctcs ydmb khrupdodm sdldg sdtu edrc tunug trdecsc oakumcodsc ecthodmodm. Kdgdscswd ecgdrdpodm khkdgdkc oamshpoamshp oum`c edldk odncdm khecd & iuedyd, shphrtc> `akkumc`dtcam ds `ulturh, `ulturdl stuechs, rhprhshmtdsc khecd, cehalabc, ghbhkamc, edm shidbdcmyd. Ihihrdpd tharctcous ydmb ecphrohmdlodm kuldc edrc phkcocr-phkcocr kdgzdi frdmofurt (Dearma, Rdlthr Ihmndkcm, ell), Ptudrt Gdll, edm ldcm-ldcm. i.  Khecd & Zhrsphotcf Pascdl

Kdtd oulcdg cmc khkihrcodm idscs phmbhtdgudm orctcs thmtdmb kdsydrdodt sh`drd gcstarcs.Edldk oamthos cmc, nubd ecthodmodm idbdckdmd khecd khkdcmodm phrdm edldk phrohkidmbdm kdsydrdodt edm iuedyd. Kdgdscswd ecphrohmdlodm ihridbdc bdbdsdm-bdbdsdm edldk odncdm khecd & iuedydihshrtd oamthos ec idlco ohldgcrdmmyd, shphrtc> hoamakc palctco, kdrxcskh, tharc-tharc orctcs (mha-kdrxcskh), tharc-tharc pasoalamcdl, tharc-tharc bhmehr, paskaehrm, gcmbbd `yihr-`ulturh. `.  Odncdm Khecd Blaidl Kdtd oulcdg cmc khkdpdrodm tharc edm odncdm khecd edldk oamthos blaidl. Khecd edldk gdl cmc ecodnc ihredsdr phrsphotcf wcldydg, shphrtc> pasoalamcdl & blaidlcsdsc. Kdtd oulcdg cmc nubd khkdpdrodm ecmdkcod cmeustrc iuedyd edldk oamthos drhd (laodl, mdscamdl, rhbcamdl, edm cmthrmdscamdl). e.  Duechms & Iuedyd Zapulhr Kdtd oulcdg cmc khkphrohmdlodm tharc-tharc edm `amtag odncdm khecd throdct rhldsc duechms edm iuedyd papulhr. Ihihrdpd csu ydmb dodm ecidgds khlcputc iuedyd fdmeak, iuedyd oamsukhm, edm kc`rashlhirctchs, edm ldcm-ldcm. h.  Khecd, Cehmtctds, & Bhmehr Kdtd oulcdg cmc khphrohmdlodm tharc edm odncdm khecd edrc phrsphotcf cehmtctds, ogususmyd bhmehr & shosudlctds. Csu-csu ydmb dodm ecidgds khlcputcrhprhshmtdsc LBIU, kdsoulcmctds, edm fhkcmcskh. f.  Iuedyd Vcsudl Kdtd oulcdg cmc khphrohmdlodm tharc edm odncdm throdct dspho vcsudl edrc shiudg

oamthm khecd. Ihihrdpd khecd ydmb dodm ecidgds khm`doup fclk, fata, coldm, odryd shmc, edm shidbdcmyd. 45 | Z d b h  

 

 

8.  KDUD OXLCDG RDNCI d.  KHUAEH YCPHU CLKX OAKXMCODPC Kdtd Oulcdg cmc khrupdodm phlhiurdm eud kdtd oulcdg (Khtaeh Zhmhlctcdm Oakumcodsc Oudlctdtcf edm Khtaeh Zhmhlctcdm Oakumcodsc Oudmtctdtcf). Zaoao idgdsdm kdtd oulcdg cmc dodm khmhodmodm pded dspho prdotcs phmyusumdm ehsdcm rcsht kuldc edrc khtaeh phmbukpuldm edtd gcmbbd khtaeh cmthprhtdsc edtd.

i.  UYDECPC YCPHU OAKXMCODPC Kdtd oulcdg cmc shihlukmyd ihrmdkd Odncdm Uharctco Oakumcodsc.Phecoct ihrbhshr, cmtc kdtd oulcdg cmc ecrdm`dmb umtuo khlhmbodpc phkdgdkdm kdgdscswd edldk khmyusum prapasdl edm ehsdcm phmhlctcdm, ogususmyd pded dspho fclasafcs.Kudtdm paoao kdtd oulcdg cmc khmhodmodm pded phmedldkdm pdrdecbk phmhlctcdm oakumcodsc gcmbbd fclsdfdt oakumcodsc. `.  OAKXMCODPC EDM CPX OAMUHKZAYHY Kdtd oulcdg cmc khmbakicmdscodm phkdgdkdm thmtdmb csu-csu sa`cdl, thomalabc, iuedyd edm palctco ydmb khkphmbdrgc prashs oakumcodsc dtdu prashs oakumcodsc throdct ehmbdm csu-csu thrshiut. Kdtd oulcdg cmc khmbdndo kdgdscswd khmbhmdlc,

khmbhtdguc edm khkdgdkc odctdm oakumcodsc ehmbdm csu-csu oamthkparhr ydmb ihrohkidmb edldk kdsydrdodt. e.  OAKXMCODPC ECBCUDL Kdtd oulcdg cmc ihrtunudm umtuo khkdgdkc dspho thomalabc ydmb ihrphmbdrug pded prashs oakumcodsc ydmb ohkuecdm lhicg ecohmdl ehmbdm Oakumcodsc Ecbctdl. Oakumcosdc Ecbctdl ecdmbbdp khkclcoc ordothr ydmb khkphroudt nhmcs khecuk shihlukmyd ed khldgcrodm khecuk idru edldk prashs oakumcodsc. Kdtd oulcdg cmc khkudt ihihrdpd dspho phmtcmb throdct ehmbdm csu oakumcodsc ecbctdl ydmb thrndec edldk kdsydrodt . h.  ZHMXLCPDM EDM PHKCMDY ZYAZAPDL Kdtd oulcdg phmulcsdm edm shkcmdr prapasdl cmc ihrihmtuo shkc-laododryd cmc khkihrcodm phmbhtdgudm thmtdmb ‗tharc– edm ‗ohtrdkpcldm– phmulcsdm edm shkcmdr prapasdl phmhlctcdm umtuo khmycdpodm kdgdscswd khmyhlhsdcodm thscsmyd shidbdc tubds dogcr phroulcdgdm. Kdtd oulcdg cmc khrupdodm ‗phrpdmndmbdm– kdtd   oulcdg Khtaeh Ycsht Clku Oakumcodsc ydmb suedg khkihrcodm phmbhtdgudm edm phmbdldkdm kdgdscswd umtuo khmyusum prapasdl phmhlctcdm ec icedmb oakumcodsc. 6.  KDUD OXLCDG ZCLCGDM ZYAEC d.  KDMDNHKHM OAKXMCODPC OYCPCP

Kdtd oulcdg oulcdg Kdmdnhkhm Kdmdnhkhm Oakumcodsc Orcscs eckdosueodm shidbdc kdtd kdtd oulcdg ydmb dodm khkihrc ldmedsdm tharctcs edm oamshptudl idbc phmbhlalddm oakumcodsc edldk sctudsc orcscs ydmb ecgdedpc ihridbdc arbdmcsdsc. Kdtd oulcdg cmc ecthkpdtodm shidbdc kdtd oulcdg phmtcmb idbc phkcmdtdm kdmdnhkhm oakumcodsc.Ehmbdm kdtd oulcdg Kdmdnhkhm Oakumcodsc Orcscs ecgdrdpodm kdgdscswd edpdt khmbhmdlc ihridbdc sukihr edm bhndld orcscs ydmb ecgdedpc alhg arbdmcsdsc shgcmbbd kdkpu khldouodm 48 | Z d b h  

 

 

dmtcscpdsc edm khrhm`dmdodm tcmedodm shrtd oakumcodsc shihluk, shldkd edm shthldg orcscs edldk arbdmcsdsc.Kdmdnhkhm oakumcodsc orcscs khmndec idbcdm tdo thrpcsdgodm edrc kdmdnhkhm oakumcodsc oarpardt/guiumbdm kdsydrdodt shiudg arbdmcsdsc ehmbdm phmhodmdm pded dspho ohtcedothreubddm edrc ihridbdc phrcstcwd ydmb ecgdedpc arbdmcsdsc.Edldk ohgceupdm arbdmcsdsc ded idmydo ohndecdm ydmb edpdt ecdmtcscpdsc edm ecrhm`dmdodm edm ded idmydo ohndecdm ydmb scfdtmyd tdo threubd.Kdmdnhkhm Oakumcodsc orcscs sh`drd ogusus khkphldndrc gdl-gdl ydmb tdo threubd edm tdo eccmbcmodm ydmb ecgdedpc alhg arbdmcsdsc. i.  ZHYPZHOUCF OAMUHM OAKXMCODPC Oamthm dedldg sdldg sdtu hlhkhm edldk prashs oakumcodsc. Oamthm gdecr edldk shkud lhvhl prashs oakumcodsc, idco edldk prashs oakumcodsc ldmbsumb dmtdr kdmuscd kdupum khldluc khecd. Ec edldk kdtd oulcdg cmc dodm ecphldndrc pascsc oamthm edldk prashs oakumcodsc edldk phrsphotcf sdcmtcfco ( s`chm`h) edm nubd odncdm (stuechs), edldk ihridbdc oamthos praeuosc edm ecstrciusc ydmb thrkdmcfhstdsc edldk rhtarcod edm oakumcodsc phrsudscf, shrtd katcf edm pascsc oamthm edldk rudmb puilco, kcsdlmyd edldk wd`dmd edm phkicmbodcdm. `.  @SIHY@XLUXYH Kdtd oulcdg cmc khkphrohmdlodm tharc-tharc edm `amtag odncdm khecd edldk

phrsphotcf `yihr`ulturh. Ihihrdpd csu ydmb dodm ecidgds khlcputc iuedyd edldk cmthrmht edm khecd sascdl. e.  HOAMAKC ZALCUCO OHICNDODM OAKXMCODPC Kdtd oulcdg ydmb dodm khmbhosplardsc rhldsc oudsd ydmb thrndec ec idlco oamstruosc ohicndodm edm khkidydmbodm ckplcodsc edrc rhldsc ohoudsddm ydmb thrndec thrshiut pded kdsydrdodt ydmb lhicg luds.

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