BS-5391-1

BS 5391 5391-1 -1:: 1976

BRITISH STANDARD

Specification for

 Acrylonitrilebutadiene-styrene (ABS) pressure pipe — Part 1: Pipe Pipe for for industri industrial al uses uses                     `   ,   ,         `   ,         `   ,   ,         `   ,   ,         `             `             `   ,   ,         `         -

UDC 678.74 678.745.3 5.32 2 – 139:67 139:678.7 8.762. 62.2 2 – 139:67 139:678.7 8.746 46.22 .22 – 139:62 139:621.6 1.643. 43.29 29 – 987

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BS 5391-1:1976

Cooperating organizations The Plastics Standards Committee, under whose supervision this British Standard was prepared, consists of representatives from the following Government departments and professional, scientific and industrial organizations: British Plastics Federation* British Resin Manufacturers’ Association Chemical Industries Association Ltd.* Department of the Environment, Building Research Establishment Department of Industry — Chemicals and Textiles Department of Industry — National Physical Laboratory El ectrical and Electronic Insulatio n  Association Electrical Installation Equipment Manufacturers’ Association

Electrical Research Association Engineering Equipment Users’ Association* Institution of Production Engineers Ministry of Defence* Plastics and Rubber Institute Post Office Royal Institute of British Architects* Rubber and Plastics Research Association of Great Britain So ciety o f Motor Manuf acturers and Traders Ltd.* Society of Chemical Industry

The organizations marked with an asterisk in the above list, together with the following, were directly represented on the committee entrusted with the preparation of this British Standard:  Agrément Board British Chemical and Dyestuffs Traders’  Association Ltd. British Gas Corporation British Valve Manufacturers’ Association British Rubber Manufacturers’ Association Ltd. Copper Tube Fittings Manufacturers’  Association Department of the Environment The Environme ntal Heal th Of ficer’ s  Association Electricity Supply Industry in England and Wales Greater London Council Institute of Plumbing

Institution of Civil Engineers Institution of Municipal Engineers Institution of Public Health Engineers Institution of Water Engineers and Scientists Lloyd’s Register of Shipping Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food National Association of Plumbing, Heating and Mechanical Services Contractors National Institute for Research in Dairying National Water Council Oi l Compani es Materials Association Royal Society of Health Society of Builders’ Merchants Water Companies Association Water Research Centre

This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Plastics Standards Committee, was published under the authority of the Executive Board on 29 October 1976 © BSI 04-1999

 Amendments issued since publication  Amd. No.

Date of issue

Comments

The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference PLC/9, PLC/9/3 Draft for comment 72/50536DC and draft for approval 76/51450

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BS 5391-1:1976

Contents

Cooperating organizations Foreword 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Page Inside front cover ii

Scope References Material Designation of dimensional characteristics Classification of pipe Dimensions Physical characteristics Frequency of testing and retests Marking Stocking and transport

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 3 3

 Appendix A Heat reversion test  Appendix B Test for resistance to heat ageing  Appendix C Test for resistance to weathering  Appendix D Test for impact resistance at 0 °C  Appendix E Short-term hydrostatic test  Appendix F Long-term hydrostatic test  Appendix G Equivalent values of maximum sustained working pressures and stress levels

4 4 4 4 6 6 7

Figure 1 — Suitable impact testing machine

5

Table 1 — Dimensions Table 2 — Short-term internal hydrostatic test pressures Table 3 — Number of lines for “round the clock” testing Table 4 — Mass of striker

2 2 5 6

Publications referred to

8

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BS 5391-1:1976

Foreword This Part of BS 5391 has been prepared under the authority of the Plastics Standards Committee and is based on a draft submitted by the British Plastics Federation. This Part specifies requirements for pipe for industrial uses; it is intended to publish Part 2 dealing with pipe for use with potable water when work to ensure biological suitability for this application has been completed. The nominal size dimensions specified in Table 1 are in accordance with BS 3867. Maximum sustained working pressures are based on a recommended maximum working stress for the material of 7.5 MPa at a temperature of 20° when in the pipe form and are specified in bars, but Appendix G is included giving equivalent values in technical metric and imperial units.  Attention is drawn to CP 312, which has been prepared to assist users in assessing the suitability of plastics pipes for particular purposes and to ensure their proper application.  Attention is also drawn to BS 5392-1 which specifies requirements for ABS fittings for use with the pipe. Certification. It is strongly recommended that in view of the nature of this specification manufacturers and purchasers should make use of the certification facilities described on the inside back cover of this standard.  A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations.

Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii, pages 1 to 8, an inside back cover and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover. © BSI 04-1999

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BS 5391-1:1976

1 Scope

6 Dimensions

This Part of BS 5391 specifies requirements for pipe made from acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) polymer for industrial purposes including foodstuffs and pharmaceuticals.

6.1 General. Pipe shall conform to the outside diameters and wall thicknesses given in Table 1.

2 References The titles of the standards publications referred to in this standard are listed on page 8.

3 Material 3.1 The material from which the pipe is made shall be acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene polymer formulated to facilitate the manufacture of pipe of good surface finish and mechanical strength. 3.2 If the pipe is intended for use with foodstuffs or pharmaceuticals the material shall be suitable for its particular intended use. NOTE Attention is drawn to British Plastics Federation Publication 45/3, Code of Practice, Plastics food contact application.

3.4 The addition of the manufacturer’s own clean rework material resulting from the manufacture of pipe in accordance with this standard is permissible; no other rework material shall be used.

4 Designation of dimensional characteristics Pipe dimensions shall be designated by the nominal size (see Table 1).

5 Classification of pipe Pipe shall be classified according to its suitability for threading and for maximum sustained working pressures, as follows. Unsuitable for threading: class B 6.0 bara; 9.0 bar;

class D 12.0 bar; class E 15.0 bar. Suitable for threading in compliance with BS 21: class T 12.0 bar. a

1 bar = 105 N/m2 = 100 kPa.

NOTE Equivalent values in other units are given in  Appendix G. The maximum sustained working pressures given above are based on water at a temperature of 20 °C. These pressures are the respective maximum sustained working pressures for which the classes of pipe are suitable for use.

6.3 Length. Pipe shall be supplied in straight lengths, normally of 3 m, 6 m and 9 m. Other lengths may be supplied, if required by the purchaser and by agreement with the manufacturer. 6.4 Tolerance on length. The effective length shall be not less than the appropriate length specified or as ordered in accordance with 5.3.

7.1 Appearance. The internal and external surface of the pipe shall be smooth, clean and reasonably free from grooving and other defects. The ends shall be cleanly out and square with the axis of the pipe. 7.2 Heat reversion. When tested by the method described in Appendix A, at no point round the pipe shall the length change by more than 5.0 %. After testing, the pipe shall show no faults, e.g. cracks, cavities or blisters. 7.3 Heat ageing. After heat ageing by the method described in Appendix B, the pipe shall meet the requirements of 7.5 except that the mass of the weighted striker shall be reduced to 50 % of the appropriate value given in Table 4.                     `   ,   ,         `   ,         `   ,   ,         `   ,   ,         `             `             `   ,   ,         `         -

7.4 Resistance to weathering. When exposed as described in Appendix C the pipe shall meet the requirements of 7.5 except that the mass of the weighted striker shall be reduced to 50 % of the appropriate value given in Table 4. 7.5 Impact resistance. When tested at a temperature of 0 °C by the method described in Appendix D compliance shall be judged on the failure rate (a failure being defined as a test specimen fracturing or cracking right through the complete wall thickness) as follows. a) If the first 14 specimens tested contain no failures the batch of pipe shall be deemed to be satisfactory. b) If the first 14 specimens tested contain four or more failures the batch of pipe shall be deemed to be unsatisfactory.

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NOTE This extra ovality tolerance is not necessary for pipe which may easily be re-rounded.

7 Physical characteristics

3.3 When tested by method 102J of BS 2782:1970 the deformation temperature of the material shall be not lower than 90 °C.

class C

6.2 Tolerance on outside diameter. An out of roundness tolerance of ± 0.5 % on the mid mean outside diameter applicable to classes C, D, E and T is incorporated in the values for individual outside diameters given in Table 1.

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Table 1— Dimensions Diameter Nominal size

Wall thickness

Mean outside diametera

Individual outside diameter

Class B

Class C

Class D

Class E

Class Tb

6.0 bar

9.0 bar

12.0 bar

15.0 bar

12.0 bar

min.

max.

min.

max.

min.

max.

min.

max.

min.

max.

min.

max.

min.

max.

mm

mm

mm

mm

mm

mm

mm

mm

mm

mm

mm

mm

mm

mm

)

17.0

17.3

17.0

17.3

—

—

—

—

—

—

1.6

1.8

3.4

3.6

"

21.2

21.5

21.2

21.5

—

—

—

—

—

—

1.9

2.1

3.5

3.7

#

26.6

26.9

26.6

26.9

—

—

—

—

—

—

2.4

2.6

3.5

3.7

1

33.4

33.7

33.4

33.7

—

—

1.9

2.1

2.5

2.7

3.0

3.3

4.2

4.5

1!

42.1

42.4

42.0

42.4

—

—

2.4

2.6

3.1

3.4

3.8

4.1

5.1

5.5

1"

48.1

48.4

48.0

48.5

—

—

2.7

3.0

3.6

3.9

4.4

4.7

5.8

6.2

2

60.2

60.5

60.0

60.7

—

—

3.4

3.7

4.5

4.9

5.4

5.8

7.0

7.4

3

88.7

89.1

88.4

89.4

—

—

5.0

5.3

6.5

6.9

8.0

8.5

—

—  

4

114.1

114.5

113.7

114.9

—

—

6.4

6.9

8.4

8.9

10.3

10.9

—

—  

6

168.0

168.5

167.4

169.1

6.1

6.4

9.4

10.4

12.3

13.3

—

—

—

—  

8

218.8

219.4

218.1

220.2

8.4

8.8

12.2

13.2

—

—

—

—

—

—  

a

Mean outside diameter’ of a pipe is taken to be the arithmetic mean of any two perpendicularly opposed individual outside diameters. Alternatively, the mean outside diameter may be determined by means of a circumference tape. b Class T pipe is intended only for threading. Its maximum sustained working pressure (12 bar) applies when threading is carried out in accordance with BS 21.

c) If the first 14 specimens tested contain one, two or three failures a further 28 test specimens shall be tested; if during this further testing the total number of failures among the 42 specimens exceeds five, the batch of pipe shall be deemed t o be unsatisfactory. 7.6 Short-term hydrostatic resistance. When tested by the method described in Appendix E, the pipe shall withstand the appropriate internal hydrostatic pressure given in Table 2 for at least 1 h without failure. 7.7 Long-term hydrostatic resistance. When tested by the method described in Appendix F, the extrapolated 1 hour and 50 year circumferential stress levels shall be not less than 240 bar and 160 bar respectively. NOTE A test specimen used for the long-term hydrostatic resistance test may be deemed to meet the requirements of 7.6 if it has withstood without failure for 1 h an internal hydrostatic pressure equal to or greater than the appropriate value in Table 2.

Table 2 — Short-term internal hydrostatic test pressures Class and nominal size

bar

B

(all sizes)

19.2

C

(all sizes)

28.8

D

(all sizes)

38.4

E

(all sizes)

48.0

T

)

128.0

"

102.4

#

80.0

1

76.8

1!

73.6

1"

72.0

2

68.8

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1 h internal hydrostatic pressure

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BS 5391-1:1976

8 Frequency of testing and retests

8.8 Sampling after delivery. The requirements given above for frequency of sampling are related to the production of the pipe and are intended for use by a manufacturer or certification authority carrying out tests at the time of manufacture. Notwithstanding these requirements, samples taken from pipe within 3 months of delivery to the purchaser and which have been properly stored in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions since delivery shall comply with all the requirements of this standard.

8.1 Appearance. Every length shall be inspected. 8.2 Heat reversion test. A specimen shall be taken from each extrusion run at intervals not exceeding 8 h. 8.3 Heat ageing. The heat ageing test shall be carried out on each formulation and when a change is made in composition or method of manufacture of the pipe, and in any case not less frequently than once every 12 months. 8.4 Resistance to weathering. The resistance to weathering test shall be carried out on each formulation and when a change is made in composition or method of manufacture of the pipe, and in any case not less frequently than once every 12 months.

9 Marking 9.1 All pipes shall be indelibly marked at intervals of not greater than 3 m. The marking shall show the following in the order stated: a) the manufacturers’ identification;

8.5 Impact resistance. Initially, sufficient specimens shall be taken at random from each machine so that at least one is taken per shift and at least 14 strikes made per extrusion run.

b) the number of this British Standard, i.e. BS 5391-1;

If no specimen fails, no further test specimens n eed be taken.

d) the class, as specified in clause 5, which indicates the maximum sustained working pressure.

If, of the initial 14 strikes, one, two or three specimens fail, further specimens shall be taken at random and tested to ensure a total of at least 42 strikes.

c) the nominal size, as given in Table 1;

                    `   ,   ,         `   ,         `   ,   ,         `   ,   ,         `             `             `   ,   ,         `         -

 Adhesive labels shall not suffice alone.

8.6 Short-term hydrostatic resistance. A specimen shall be taken at random from each extrusion machine at least once in every 8 h running or once in every 300 m run, whichever is the greater quantity of pipe. 8.7 Long-term hydrostatic resistance. One test unit shall be set up per machine that is making pipe complying with the requirements of this standard. The test sample shall be two pieces of pip e. This test procedure shall be repeated immediately and continously at each test point.

9.2 The marking shall be imprinted longitudinally in the following colours, in accordance with BS 4159: class B red; class C blue; class D green; class E brown; class T white. NOTE It is recommended that pipes should, before laying, be marked, preferably by an adhesive tape, with an indication of the contents (see BS 1710).

10 Stocking and transport For the purposes of stocking and transport the ends of the pipe shall be suitably protected from damage.

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BS 5391-1:1976

 Appendix A Heat reversion test (batch test)  A.1 Form of test specimen The test specimen shall consist of a length of pipe approximately 300 mm long. Two circumferential marks shall be scribed on the test specimen 100 mm apart and in such a way that one of these marks is approximately 15 mm from one end of the specimen.  A.2 Apparatus. The apparatus shall consist of a thermostatically controlled bath which maintains the temperature of the heat transfer medium at 150 ± 2 °C. The heat transfer medium may be polyethylene glycol or a mineral oil free from aromatic hydrocarbons.  A.3 Procedure. Suspend the test specimen in the heat transfer medium by the end further from the scribed marks in such a way that both scribed marks are completely immersed. Take care to ensure that the specimen does not contact the sid es or bottom of the bath. Immerse the test specimen in the bath for a period determined as follows: a) 15 min for pipe of wall thickness not greater than 8.6 mm; b) 30 min for pipe of wall thickness greater than 8.6 mm but not greater than 14.1 mm.  After the specified immersion period, remove the specimen from the bath, lay it on its side and allow it to cool to room temperature. Measure the distance between the two scribed marks along the surface of the pipe and calculate the percentage change in length.

 Appendix B Test for resistance to heat ageing (type test) B.1 Form of test specimen Each test specimen shall be taken from a batch of pipe that has satisfied the impact strength test described in Appendix D. Each specimen shall be a complete section of pipe 150 mm long. The ends of each specimen shall be cut clean and square to the axis of the pipe. B.2 Apparatus. An electrically-heated oven with a circulating fan, the whole interior of which is maintained automatically at a temperature of 100 ± 2 °C. B.3 Procedure. Stand the test specimen vertically in the oven, supported if necessary by a simple jig that has been preheated in the oven. After 500 h at a temperature of 100 ± 2 °C remove the specimens from the oven and allow them to cool. Impact test the specimens by the method described in  Appendix D but using the lower striker mass specified in 7.3.

 Appendix C Test for resistance to weathering (type test) C.1 Form of test specimen The test specimens shall be taken from a batch of pipe that has satisfied the impact strength test described in Appendix D. C.2 Apparatus. A large stand shall be used to support the pipe at an angle of 45°, facing south (in the northern hemisphere) in an open location in such a manner that the specimen is exposed along its whole length. C.3 Procedure. Mount the pipe as described in C.2. After exposure for 700 sunshine hours remove the pipe and cut it into specimens suitable for impact testing as described in Appendix D. Impact test the specimens by the method described in Appendix D but using the lower striker mass specified in 7.4. The impact, or the first impact in the case of “round the clock” testing, shall be made on a portion of the pipe which has been directly exposed to the southern aspect (in the northern hemisphere).

 Appendix D Test for impact resistance at 0 °C (batch test) D.1 Form of test specimen Each specimen shall be a complete section of pipe, of a length equal to twice the nominal size or 150 mm, whichever is the greater, subject to a maximum length of 300 mm. The ends of the specimen shall be cut clean and square to the axis of the pipe. For “round the clock” testing each s pecimen shall be marked with a longitudinal zero line and from this line the number of further lines stated in Table 3 shall be marked equidistantly. NOTE For pipe of nominal size 2 and over specimens are subjected to impacts equally spaced around the pipe as an economy measure; this procedure is known as “round the clock” testing.

D.2 Apparatus. A falling weight machine (a suitable form of which is shown in Figure 1) shall be used and shall consist essentially of the following: a) A main frame which can be rigidly fixed in a true vertical position. b) Guide rails, carried from the inside of the main frame, on side bearings which can be adjusted to keep them parallel and vertical. c) A weighted striker which can fall f reely within the guide rails and which is equipped with a hardened hemi-spherical striking surface 25 mm in diameter. The striking surface shall be free from flats and/or other imperfections.

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BS 5391-1:1976

Figure 1 — Suitable impact testing machine d) An appropriate set of weights which can be firmly attached to the striker to enable the combined mass of striker and weight to be adjusted to the values given in Table 4 and to half these values.

e) A specimen support, consisting of a 120° vee block at least 230 mm in length which is positioned below the guide rails so that the tip of the striker is not more than 2.5 mm from the axis of the vee block.

Table 3 — Number of lines for “round the clock” testing

f) A release mechanism such that the striker can fall through a height of 2.0 ± 0.01 m on to the top surface of the pipe specimen.

Nominal size

Number of equidistant lines to be drawn

2

3

3 4

4 6

6 8

8 12

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g) Means for maintaining a constant height of fall by vertical movement of either the vee block, the release mechanism or the main frame, in order t o accommodate different diameters of pipe.

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D.3 Procedure D.3.1 Adjust the total mass of the striker to th e value appropriate to the diameter of the p ipe under test given in Table 4. D.3.2 Condition each specimen in a water bath for at least 1 h prior to test at a temperature of 0 + 1, – 0 °C. Test individual specimens within 10 s of removal from the bath. Allow the striker to fall freely through 2 m on to the pipe specimen which is centrally mounted on the vee block support. `    ,   , `  `  `    ,   , `    ,   , `    , `    ,   , `  -

Table 4 — Mass of striker Nominal size of pipe

Total mass of striker kg

)

1

"

1.25

#

2

1

2.25

1!

2.5

1"

3

2

4

3

5

4

6

6

7

8

9

D.3.3 Specimens from ) to 1" (inclusive) nominal size shall be subjected to a single strike only. For pipe of nominal size 2 and above, adopt the following procedure. Place the pipe on the vee block so that one of the marked lines is uppermost. Then allow the weighted striker to fall freely on to the marked line on the pipe as described in D.3.2. If the specimen does not fail as a result of cracking or splitting, rotate the specimen until the next marked line is uppermost in the vee block, and cause a second blow to be made by the striker. Repeat the process until all the marked lines have been tested, or until a failure is recorded. If the required sequence of impacts has not been completed within 10 s, interrupt the procedure and immediately recondition the specimen at a temperature of 0 + 1, – 0 °C for a further period of at least 10 min.

 Appendix E Short-term hydrostatic test (batch test) E.1 Form of test specimen Each test specimen shall be a piece of pipe with a free length between fittings equal to 10 times the outside diameter of the pipe, subject to a minimum of 250 mm and a maximum of 750 mm. E.2 Apparatus. The apparatus shall consist of a thermostatically controlled bath maintained at a temperature of 20 ± 1 °C, and equipment that permits the application of a controlled internal hydrostatic pressure to the specimens to an accuracy of ± 2 %. E.3 Procedure. Connect the specimen to the apparatus and apply the appropriate hydrostatic pressure specified in Table 2. Ensure that the specified pressure is achieved within 30 s to 40 s of the first application of pressure and maintain it with an accuracy of ± 2 % throughout the test. Maintain the specimen at a temperature of 20 ± 1 °C throughout the test.

 Appendix F Long-term hydrostatic test (type test) F.1 Form of test specimen The test sample shall be two pieces of pipe cut adjacent to each other. Each piece of pipe shall have a free length between end fittings equal t o 10 times the outside diameter of the pipe, subject to a minimum of 250 mm and a maximum of 750 mm. F.2 Apparatus. The apparatus shall consist of a thermostatically controlled bath maintained at a temperature of 20 ± 1 °C, and equipment that permits the application of controlled internal hydrostatic pressure to pipe specimens to an accuracy of ± 2 %. F.3 Procedure. Determine the minimum wall thickness and the mean outside diameter of each specimen and calculate the internal pressure to be applied from the formula: 2$ t  P  = ------------ D – t where  P 

is the pressure to be applied (in bar)

$

is the circumferential stress (in bar)

t

is the minimum wall thickness (in mm)

 D

is the mean outside diameter (in mm)

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BS 5391-1:1976

For each test specimen choose circumferential stresses so that the first piece of pipe is expected to burst within a period of 1 h to 10 h and the second piece of pipe is expected to burst within a period of 100 h to 1 000 h.

 Appendix G Equivalent values of maximum sustained working pressures and stress levels

Connect the specimen to the apparatus and apply the calculated hydrostatic pressure. Ensure that the calculated pressure is achieved within 30 s to 40 s of the first application of the pressure and maintain it with an accuracy of ± 2 % throughout the test. Ensure that the temperature of the specimen is maintained at 20 ± 1 °C throughout the test and that the mean temperature throughout the test is 20 ± 0.5 °C. Record the time at which each test specimen fails. F.4 Assessment of results. For each size and class of pipe, enter the results for test specimens (i.e. two pieces of pipe) on a log (stress) versus log (time) graph. Subject the accumulated results to regression analysis periodically so as to obtain representative extrapolated 1 hour and 50 year stress levels. NOTE The extrapolated stress levels are obtained by substituting the appropriate values for log (time), in the linear regression equation for log (time) on log (stress). The regression equation is calculated by the method of least squares.

bar

kgf/cm2

lbf/in2

head of water m

6

6.12

9

9.19

12 15

86.7

ft

60

200

130

90

300

12.25

173

120

400

15.30

217

150

500

G.2 Stress levels MPa

bar

kgf/cm2

lbf/in2

7.5

75

77

1 090

11.0

110

112

1 590

12.3

123

125

1 780

16.0

160

163

2 320

23.0

230

235

3 340

24.0

240

245

3 480

26.0

260

265

3 770

39.2

392

400

5 700

42.7

427

435

6 190

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G.1 Maximum sustained working pressures

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BS 5391-1:1976

Publications referred to BS 21, Pipe threads for tubes and fittings where pressure-tight joints are made on the threads. BS 1710, Identification of pipelines. BS 2782, Methods of testing plastics. BS 3867, Outside diameters and pressure ratings of pipe of plastics materials. BS 4159, Colour marking of plastics pipes to indicate pressure ratings. BS 5392, Specification for acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) fittings for use with ABS pressure pipe. BS 5392-1, Fittings for use with pipe for industrial uses. CP 312, Plastics pipework (thermoplastics materials).

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BS 5391-1:1976

BSI Certification Trade Mark The Kitemark The Kitemark is the registered certification trade mark of the British Standards Institution. A licence to use the Kitemark on or in relation to a product will be granted to any manufacturer or producer who demonstrates that he can and will be able consistently to make that product to a specified British Standard. His capability of doing so is initially assessed by inspection of his production process, quality control organization and test facilities, and by independent testing of a sample of the product against all the criteria of the relevant standard. The licensee is required to accept, and to operate in accordance with, a BSI scheme of supervision and control which identifies the tests to be carried out during manufacture and on the completed product, and specifies the frequency of such testing. BSI carries out unannounced inspection visits to the manufacturer’s works and audit testing of the product, and may withdraw the licence for any failure of the manufacturer to comply with the relevant standard or with the requirements of the scheme of supervision and control. The presence of the Kitemark on or in relation to a product is an assurance that the goods have been produced under a system of supervision, control and testing, operated during manufacture and including periodical inspection of the manufacturer’s works in accordance with the certification mark scheme of BSI. Further particulars of the terms of licence may be obtained from the Quality Assurance Department, British Standards Institution, Maylands Avenue, Hemel Hempstead, Herts. HP2 4SQ

© BSI 04-1999

Copyright British Standards Institution Provided by IHS under license with BSI No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS

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Not for Resale

BS 5391-1: 1976

BSI — British Standards Institution BSI is the independent national body responsible for preparing British Standards. It presents the UK view on standards in Europe and at the international level. It is incorporated by Royal Charter. Revisions British Standards are updated by amendment or revision. Users of British Standards should make sure that they possess the latest amendments or editions. It is the constant aim of BSI to improve the quality of our products and services. We would be grateful if anyone finding an inaccuracy or ambiguity while using this British Standard would inform the Secretary of the technical committee responsible, the identity of which can be found on the inside front cover. Tel: 020 8996 9000. Fax: 020 8996 7400. BSI offers members an individual updating service called PLUS which ensures that subscribers automatically receive the latest editions of standards. Buying standards Orders for all BSI, international and foreign standards publications should be addressed to Customer Services. Tel: 020 8996 9001. Fax: 020 8996 7001. In response to orders for international standards, it is BSI policy to supply the BSI implementation of those that have been published as British Standards, unless otherwise requested. Information on standards BSI provides a wide range of information on national, European and international standards through its Library and its Technical Help to Exporters Service. Various BSI electronic information services are also available which give details on all its products and services. Contact the Information Centre. Tel: 020 8996 7111. Fax: 020 8996 7048. Subscribing members of BSI are kept up to date with standards developments and receive substantial discounts on the purchase price of standards . For details of these and other benefits contact Membership Administration. Tel: 020 8996 7002. Fax: 020 8996 7001. Copyright Copyright subsists in all BSI publications. BSI also holds the copyright, in the UK, of the publications of the internationalstandardization bodies. Except as permitted under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 no extract may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means – electronic, photocopying, recording or otherwise – without prior written permission from BSI. This does not preclude the free use, in the course of implementing the standard, of necessary details such as symbols, and size, type or grade designations. If these details are to be used for any other purpose than implementation then the prior written permission of BSI must be obtained.

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If permission is granted, the terms may include royalty payments or a licensing agreement. Details and advice can be obtained from the Copyright Manager. Tel: 020 8996 7070.

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Copyright British Standards Institution Provided by IHS under license with BSI No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS

Not for Resale

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