Bridge Final Proposal

UTM BRIDGE COMPETITION 2015

University: Infrastructure University Kuala Lumpur Group name: Team Zeus

Group Members: 1. Tong Tong Lip Yat 2. Michelle Lim Sau Wan 3. Tay Mun Wei 4. Teh U Wyn 5. Ernie Isnarti binti Sahari

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Contents 1) Introduction

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2) Objective

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3) The Location of construction of Bridge

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4) Concept of Design

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5) Lightness, strength, buildability and creativity

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6) Asthetic and Cultural Value

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7) Green Concept and Sustainability

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8) Construction

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9) Conclusion

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INTRODUCTION Bridge is an innovation created by Man from the time where Man is created and know to walk. At that time, there is no design for a bridge, all it is required to do is enable one to cross to the opposite side from where they are standing. In this era, bridge has been redefined not only as a  platform to carry people or transportation over, but also as an icon. A good bridge will be functional and cost efficient, but a great bridge will not only achieved those needs but also  became an icon. To create a bridge that enable people to remember it as an icon for a city, state

or a country is the real challenge in bridge design

OBJECTIVE

To design a bridge joining the state if Johor and Singapore. The bridge will become an icon to both state and also as tourists attraction. It will also market Malaysia as a country that has amazing architecture and ’

engineering prowess. Besides that, the detail in engineering design will be the main objective. The structure of the bridge is designed to achieve the lightest construction possible to sustain the weight criteria

(5kg). The design of bridge also has t o be eye -catching and memorable. Practicality of the bridge design are also considered.

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THE LOCATION OF CONSTRUCTION OF THE BUILDING Johor is a Malaysian state, located in the southern portion of Peninsular Ma-

laysia. It is one of the most developed states in Malaysia. The state capital city and royal city of Johor is Johor Bahru, formerly known as Tanjung Put-

eri (Malay for  Princess's Cape ) and Muar respectively. The old state capital is Johor Lama.

Johor is surrounded by Pahang to the north, Malacca and Negeri Sembilan to the northwest, and the Straits of Johor to the south which separates Johor and the Republic of Singapore. The state also shares a maritime border with the Riau Archipelago from the east and Riau mainland on the

west by the South China Seaand the Strait of Malacca respectively, both of Indonesian territories. Johor is also known by its Arabic honorific, Darul Ta'zim, or "Abode of Dignity", and as Johore in English.

Singapore is one of the world's major commercial hubs, with the fourth  biggest financial centre and one of the five busiest ports. Its globalised and diversified economy depends heavily on trade, especially manufacturing, which

accounted for around 30 percent of Singapore's GDP in 2013. [9] In terms of  purchasing power parity, Singapore has the third-highest per capita income in the world but the highest income inequality in the developed world.

It places highly in international rankings with regard to education, healthcare, and economic competitiveness. Nearly 5.5 million people live in Singapore (June 2014), [4] of which about 2 million are foreign - born. While Singapore is diverse, ethnic Asians predominate: 75 percent of the popu-

lation is Chinese, with significant minorities of Malays, Indians, and Eurasians. There are four official languages—English, Malay, Mandarin, and Tamil—and the country promotes multiculturalism through a range of official policies. Singapore is a unitary multiparty parliamentary republic, with a Westminster sytem of unicameral parliamentary government. The People's Action Party has won every election since

self -government began in 1959. The dominance of the PAP, coupled with a low level of press freedom and suppressed civil liberties and political rights, has led to Singapore being classified as a semiauthoritarian regime. One of the five founding members of the Association of South East Asian Nations

(ASEAN), Singapore is also the host of the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) Secretariat, and a member of the East Asia Summit, the Non- Aligned Movement, and the Commonwealth. Singapore's rapid development has given it significant influence in global affairs, leading some analysts to identify it as a middle power.

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The figure shows the plan location of our bridge construction starting from Pelabuhan Johor Pasir Gudang to Punggol Barat Island connecting Jalan Pekeliling and Seletar North Link. The 1st and 2nd bridge from Johor to Singapore is always crowded therefore we were assigned to build a 3rd bridge at north -east of Singapore. The 3rd bridge is to built to reduce traffic and allow easier access to Johor and Singapore. It is more convenient for people living at the lower end of Johor and North -East of Singapore to cross borders. By building the bridge there we can promote the advance of science and technology of the people in Malaysia. We can even promote Punggol Island in Singapore allowing people from all over the world to see

the beauty of both Malaysia and Singapore. The bridge will be used by many people because it is near Seletar Airport. By building the bridge, it allows us to have a better relationship with Singapore and people

all over the world. The bridge can be an area for tourist to visit.

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CONCEPT As a child growing up in Negeri Sembilan, I had always admired the history and beauty of the history of my hometown. I

loved the old buildings and the people. During the good old days, the people were so great and creative. I always thought

that Minangkabau roof is so unique that I needed to promote Malaysia s lovely culture and at the same time allow people to ’

see how advanced Malaysians are. So, the concept of our design is Minangkabau with a little bit of Modern Architecture. The design of this structure is based on traditional, classical and modern architecture. Romans are the first in the world to develop arch. With limited materials they are still able to  build so many great buildings. Romans discovered so many types of buildings

such as arch, triumphal arches, vaults,

trusses, and aqueducts that are still used till today. Cables ( Fishing Thread) will be hung from the corners. So it looks a

 bit like the Minangkabau roof and for the support, we made an arch filled with trusses.

Cables connected to p illars which resembles Minangkabu roof 

Arch CAN YOU SEE THE SIMILARITY?

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LIGHTNESS

Cables

Light flexible structure above the bridge platform minimizes the weight needed to construct the bridge. The manipulation of cable support also removed the needs to use more solid structure (balsa wood) to sup port the minimum load. Organize structure that focus on specific location also minimizes extra structure weight on the bridge.

STRENGHT The main strength of the bridge is the structure below the platform which is the arc. A row of angled truss system between the arches will be able to support the load of the bridge as well as forces applied to it. The two solids at the side will be the  pillar for the cables. It also functioned as a counter deflection of the trusses when force is applied onto it. As force is applied onto the spring, it will further enhance the strength if the

spring. The flexibility of the structure will allow it for better force absorption. This will also allow movement in any future

scenario where high wind velocity disaster such as typhoon. The connection of the truss and the string structure by tying steel cables (fishing thread) will also increase the strength and force diversion without adding more weight and also rigidity to the structure.

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CREATIVITY Minimizes the usage of common structure design. Using force to counter the possible force applied. Designing a bridge that not only applicable in Malaysia but also applicable in any other  countries, e.g. Hong Kong, Singapore, USA. The design have  possibilities of multiplying if needed to provide mor e load support, e.g. increase the cables. The design allows more possibilities to venture into other material and structure design, compared to simple, rigid and common functional bridges. On the bridge we not only can connect between two places, we also can provide the jogging track to allow the other people to walk along the bridge to see the view, and even take some lovely pictures of the sunset beside the bridge and improve their health and improve their mood. By

doing this we can even bring tourist to the bridge as a must see area when they come to Malaysia.

BUILDABILITY

The design of the bridge is not only unique but also practical. In reference to existing bridge construction techniques, there are some similarities in material used but different in design and material manipulation. Cable structure is common for most long span bridges as it provides flexibility and strength as well. Rigid truss structure below are design with precision which

support the practicality and buildability of the brid ge.

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AESTHETIC & CULTURAL VALUE it is an icon to represent Malaysia to the world that we do have amazing architecture and engineering prowess. The bridge will be able to launch Malaysia into achieving Vision 2020.

Without using any specific cultural influence to the bridge, the bridge will represent the era of  Malaysian moving forwards into the future. The modern design of the bridge will merge the different backgrounds of Malaysia into one sole purpose into moving the country forward.

GREEN CONCEPT AND SUSTAINABILITY Green building is the practice of increasing the efficiency with which buildings use resources energy, water, and materials while reducing building impacts on human health and the environment, through better siting, design, construction, operation, maintenance, and removal the complete building life cycle. A similar concept is natural building, which is usually on a smaller scale and tends to focus on the use of natural materials that are available locally. Other commonly used terms include sustainable design and green architecture. The related concepts of sustainable development and sustainability are integral to green building. Effective green building can: 1. Reduced operating costs by increasing productivity and using less energy and water. 2. Improved public and occupant health due to improved indoor air quality. 3. Reduced environmental impacts by, for example, lessening storm water runoff and the

heat island effect. Practitioners of green building often seek to achieve not only ecological but aesthetic harmony  between a structure and its surrounding natural and built environment, although the appearance and style of sustainable buildings is not necessarily distinguishable from their less sustainable counterparts. Ecological living is a life philosophy.

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Proponents of ecological living aim to conduct their lives in such a way that they have an all encompassing awareness of earth and its processes. Each choice made under such a way of life requires a consideraon of the consequences of the choice, and the way that the decision will aect the environment and all living things within it. Ecological consciousness and care for the earth are of paramount importance in the decision-making process. By minimizing their "ecological footprints" the extent to which they create an environmental impact proponents of ecological living hope to preserve the earth for future generaons of human beings and other life. Sustainable development marries two important themes that environmental protecon does not preclude economic development and that economic development must be ecologically viable now and in the long run. This concept of sustainability encompasses ideas, aspiraons and values that connue to inspire public and private organizaons to become beer stewards of the environment and that promote posive economic growth and social objecves. The principles of sustainability can smulate technological innovaon, advance compeveness, and improve our quality of life. The usage of leaf spring structure minimises the need to have more solid steel structure. Which leads to minimum raw material needed in the construcon. Besides that, the implementaon of  cable support system also further reduce the usage of solid steel structure. Using cables also reduce total surface area. With low surface area, the maintenace of the bridge structure will also be reduced, e.g. an -corrosion paint is applied every two year, low surface area means low

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Construction We sketched and planed the design of our bridge. It is also calculated. Various components had been cut into the specific sizes. The various joints and supports are glued together in correct places.

Minor changes and modifications will be done to the structure to correct any mistakes as fini shing touches.

Top Front View

Front View

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Isometric View

Le and Right View

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Top View

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Conclusion This type of bridge is the most light and flexible in the world. It can provide a lot of eco -activity to that place and the economic will increases due to the traffic is smoke and lots of tourisms will come. I believe this bridge can improve the economy of Malaysia. As engineers we constantly struggle to optimize the use of materials and resources, both for a cost effective construction and to minimize the environmental impact. By design the bridge occupies less space in environment, thus preserves the natural  beauty of the surrounding. On the other hand the design is an inspiring work of art with its slender arches and the seeming less cables. The design will be viewed as a gateway to an otherwise unconnected worlds and a symbol of unity. Thank You.

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