Army National Guard Battle Command Training Center Battalion Pocket Planning Guide
ARNG Battle Command Training Center Fort Leavenworth, Kansas 66027- 2346
October 2004
Distribution authorized to Army National Guard units and U. S. Government agencies for official government use. Requests for this document should be addressed to the Battle Command Training Center.
ARNG POCKET PLANNING GUIDE
ARMY NATIONAL GUARD BATTLE COMMAND TRAINING CENTER POCKET PLANNING GUIDE This publication may be distributed in paper media. Purpose. The purpose of this document is to provide Army National Guard Battalions with a reference guide that may be used to prepare for and conduct unit training and operating requirements. This planning guide applies to all battalion units and their personal, coordinating, and special staff groups. Preparation and Exception Authority. The authorship and construct of this document resides with the Army National Guard Battle Command Training Center. Change authorization resides with the commander, BCTC. Suggested Improvements. Users are invited to send comments and suggested improvements via E-Mail to
[email protected] or via a written memorandum to: Battle Command Training Center 8 Sherman Avenue Fort Leavenworth, Kansas 66027-2346 The Battle Command Training Center will update this publication IAW ARNG transformation requirements.
LTC Jerry Wood Commander Battle Command Training Center Fort Leavenworth, Kansas 66027-2346
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ARNG POCKET PLANNING GUIDE
ARMY NATIONAL GUARD BATTALION POCKET PLANNING GUIDE ABOUT THIS GUIDE --------------------------------------------------------- 1 GENERAL STAFF PLANNING CONSIDERATIONS ----------------------- 2 Command and Staff Duties and Responsibilities------------------- 2 Commander ----------------------------------------------------------------------------2 XO Duties and Responsibilities--------------------------------------------------2 S1 Duties and Responsibilities --------------------------------------------------4 S2 Duties and Responsibilities --------------------------------------------------5 S3 Duties and Responsibilities --------------------------------------------------6 S4 Duties and Responsibilities --------------------------------------------------7 Engineer Duties and Responsibilities -----------------------------------------9 Fire Support Officer (FSO) Duties and Responsibilities--------------- 11 Signal Officer’s (SIGO) Duties and Responsibilities-------------------- 13 ADA Officer’s (ADO) Duties and Responsibilities ----------------------- 14 Chemical Officer’s (CHEMO) Duties and Responsibilities------------ 15 Chaplain’s Duties and Responsibilities------------------------------------- 16 CSM Duties and Responsibilities --------------------------------------------- 17
Orders Group Organization ---------------------------------------------- 18 Battalion Battle Rhythm--------------------------------------------------- 18 Rules of Engagement (ROE) --------------------------------------------- 19 Liaison -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 20 Rehearsals--------------------------------------------------------------------- 23 Five Rehearsal Types ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 24 Six Rehearsal Techniques------------------------------------------------------------------ 25 Rehearsal Responsibilities ----------------------------------------------------------------- 27
Backbriefs --------------------------------------------------------------------- 28 Sample Backbrief Format------------------------------------------------------------------- 28 Sample Backbrief Agenda ------------------------------------------------------------------ 29
The Military Decision Making Process (MDMP) ------------------- 30 MDMP Staff Integration ----------------------------------------------------------- 31 Gathering MDMP Tools ----------------------------------------------------------- 33 MDMP Step 1 – Mission Receipt ----------------------------------------------- 34 Commander’s Initial Guidance ------------------------------------------------------------ 34
MDMP Step 2 – Mission Analysis --------------------------------------------- 37 Preparation of a Mission Analysis -------------------------------------------------------- 38 Staff Officer Considerations ---------------------------------------------------------------- 41
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ARNG POCKET PLANNING GUIDE Seeing Ourselves ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 42 Seeing the Terrain ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 44 Seeing the Enemy ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 46 Commander’s Critical Information Requirements (CCIR) -------------------------- 48 ISR Planning Considerations and Building a Collection Plan --------------------- 49
MDMP Step 3 - Course of Action Development -------------------------- 57 MDMP Step 4 - Course of Action Analysis (War gaming) ------------- 66 War Game Methods -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 66 War Game Techniques ---------------------------------------------------------------------- 68 Sample Wargaming Procedures ---------------------------------------------------------- 69 War Game Tools ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 71 Decision Support Matrix --------------------------------------------------------------------- 75 War Game Briefing --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 75
MDMP Step 5 - Course of Action Comparison---------------------------- 77 MDMP Step 6 - Course of Action Approval -------------------------------- 78 Decision Matrix -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 78 Decision Briefing ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 79
MDMP Step 7 - Orders Production-------------------------------------------- 81 Battalion Orders Briefing -------------------------------------------------------------------- 81 Orders Annexes ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 82 Reproduction and Dissemination --------------------------------------------------------- 83
SPECIAL STAFF PLANNING CONSIDERATIONS----------------------- 84 Fire Support Planning Checklist --------------------------------------- 84 Indirect fire assets ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 85 Artillery Munitions ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 85 Availability of DS Cannon Battalion Fires and Positioning ------------------------- 86 Multiple Launched Rocket System. M270 / M270A1 MLRS Self-Propelled Loader-Launcher (SPLL)-------------------------------------------------------------------- 87 Planning and Integrating Fires------------------------------------------------------------- 88
NBC Planning Checklist--------------------------------------------------- 91 Smoke Operations Planning Checklist -------------------------------------- 93 Smoke Platoon Capabilities ---------------------------------------------------------------- 93 Smoke Platoon Logistics-------------------------------------------------------------------- 94
Air Defense Planning Checklist----------------------------------------- 95 Engineer Operations Planning Checklist---------------------------- 96
REPORTS ------------------------------------------------------------------- 98 Operations Reports--------------------------------------------------------100 Operations Report (OPREP) -------------------------------------------------- 100 Format ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------100
SALT / SPOT Report (SPOTREP) -------------------------------------------- 101 Purpose-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------101 Instructions ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------101
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ARNG POCKET PLANNING GUIDE Format ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------101 FBCB2 Report --------------------------------------------------------------------------------101
Serious Incident Report (SIR) ------------------------------------------------ 103 Contact Report -------------------------------------------------------------------- 105 Format ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------105
Situation Report (SITREP) ----------------------------------------------------- 106 Purpose-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------106 Instructions ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------106 Format ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------106 FBCB2 Report --------------------------------------------------------------------------------106
Combat Slant Report ------------------------------------------------------------ 108 Short Slant Report ---------------------------------------------------------------------------108 Long Slant Report----------------------------------------------------------------------------108
Closure Report -------------------------------------------------------------------- 109 Purpose-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------109 Instructions ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------109 Format ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------109
Airspace Control Means Request (ACMREQ)--------------------------- 110 Report Number -------------------------------------------------------------------------------110 Instructions ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------110 Format ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------110
Downed / Missing Aircraft Report------------------------------------------- 111 Purpose-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------111 Instructions ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------111 Format ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------111
NBC Reports -----------------------------------------------------------------112 Request for NBC / Smoke Support ----------------------------------------- 112 Format ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------112
NBC 1 Report (Initial Observer Report) ----------------------------------- 113 Purpose-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------113 Instructions ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------113 Format ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------113 FBCB2 Report --------------------------------------------------------------------------------113
NBC 2 Report (Evaluated Data Report)------------------------------------ 115 NBC 3 Report (Immediate Warning of Expected Contamination) 116 Purpose-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------116 Instructions ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------116 Format ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------116 FBCB2 Report --------------------------------------------------------------------------------116
NBC 4 Report (Report of Radiation Dose Rate Measurement) ---- 117 Purpose-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------117 Instructions ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------117 Format ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------117 FBCB2 Report --------------------------------------------------------------------------------117
NBC 5 Report (Report of Areas of Contamination)-------------------- 118 Purpose-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------118
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ARNG POCKET PLANNING GUIDE Instructions ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------118 Format ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------118
NBC 6 Report (Detailed Contamination Report)------------------------ 119 CHEMWARN Report ------------------------------------------------------------- 120 Effective Downwind Message Report-------------------------------------- 121 NBC Situation Report (NBC SITREP) -------------------------------------- 122
Engineer Reports-----------------------------------------------------------123 Scatterable Minefield Warning Report (SCATMINWARN) ---------- 123 Purpose-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------123 Format ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------123
Scatterable Minefield Report and Record (SCATMINREP) --------- 124 Format ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------124
Obstacle Turnover / Transfer Report -------------------------------------- 125 Report for Bridge, Overpass, Culvert, Underpass, or Tunnel (BRIDGEREP) ---------------------------------------------------------------------- 126 Purpose-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------126 Instructions ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------126 Format ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------126 FBCB2 Report --------------------------------------------------------------------------------126
Report for Ford, Ferry, or Other Crossing Site (CROSSREP) ----- 128 Purpose-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------128 Instructions ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------128 Format ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------128
Obstacle Report------------------------------------------------------------------- 129 Purpose-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------129 Instructions ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------129 Format ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------129 FBCB2 Report --------------------------------------------------------------------------------129
Obstacle Request, Intent or Status Report ------------------------------ 131 Purpose-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------131 Instructions ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------131 Format ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------131 Format ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------132
Route Reconnaissance Report (ROUTEREP) --------------------------- 133 Purpose-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------133 Instructions ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------133 Format ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------133
Closure Report -------------------------------------------------------------------- 134 Purpose-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------134 Instructions ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------134 Format ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------134
Bypass Report --------------------------------------------------------------------- 135 Purpose-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------135 Instructions ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------135 Format ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------135
Unexploded Ordnance (UXO) Report -------------------------------------- 137 © Battle Command Training Center (BCTC) Fort Leavenworth, KS 66027-2346
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ARNG POCKET PLANNING GUIDE Purpose-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------137 Instructions ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------137 Format ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------137
Intelligence Reports -------------------------------------------------------138 Sensitive Item Report ----------------------------------------------------------- 138 Purpose-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------138 Instructions ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------138 Format ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------138
Battle Damage Assessment Report (BDAREP)------------------------- 139 Report Number -------------------------------------------------------------------------------139 Instructions ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------139 Format ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------139
Detained Civilian Personnel Report (DETAINCIVREP) --------------- 140 Report Number -------------------------------------------------------------------------------140 Instructions ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------140 Format ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------140
R&S Report ------------------------------------------------------------------------- 141 Weather Forecast ----------------------------------------------------------------- 142 Weather Advisory ---------------------------------------------------------------- 143 Request for Information (RFI) ------------------------------------------------ 144 Purpose-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------144 Instructions ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------144 Format ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------144
Response to RFI Communication (RRFI) --------------------------------- 145 Instructions ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------145 Format ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------145
Intelligence Summary (INTSUM)--------------------------------------------- 146 Distribution-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------146 Format: Written INTSUM Format -------------------------------------------------------146
Patrol Report ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 147 Purpose-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------147 Instructions ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------147 Format ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------147
EPW / Captured Material Report--------------------------------------------- 148 Purpose-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------148 Instructions ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------148 Format ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------148
SAEDA Report --------------------------------------------------------------------- 149 Purpose-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------149 Instructions ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------149 Format ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------149
SALUTE “A” Report ------------------------------------------------------------- 150 Debrief Format--------------------------------------------------------------------- 151
Personnel Reports ---------------------------------------------------------153 Personnel Status Report (PERSTAT) -------------------------------------- 153 © Battle Command Training Center (BCTC) Fort Leavenworth, KS 66027-2346
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ARNG POCKET PLANNING GUIDE Purpose-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------153 Instructions ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------153 Analog Format --------------------------------------------------------------------------------153 FBCB2 PERSTAT Report -----------------------------------------------------------------154
Personnel SPOT Report -------------------------------------------------------- 156 Casualty Report ------------------------------------------------------------------- 157 Purpose-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------157 Instructions ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------157 Format ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------157
MEDEVAC Request -------------------------------------------------------------- 158 Purpose-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------158 Instructions ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------158 Format ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------158 FBCB2 MEDEVAC Message -------------------------------------------------------------160
Medical Situation Report (MEDSITREP) ---------------------------------- 162 Purpose-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------162 Instructions ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------162 Analog Format --------------------------------------------------------------------------------162
Casualty Feeder Report -------------------------------------------------------- 164
Logistics Reports ----------------------------------------------------------165 Logistics Status Report (LOGSTAT) --------------------------------------- 165 Purpose-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------165 Instructions ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------165 Format (FBCB2 Report) --------------------------------------------------------------------165
Battle Loss Report --------------------------------------------------------------- 168 AMMO Status / Request -------------------------------------------------------- 169 Purpose-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------169 Instructions ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------169 Format ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------169
POL Status / Request ----------------------------------------------------------- 170 Purpose-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------170 Instructions ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------170 Format ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------170
REFERENCES--------------------------------------------------------------171
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ARNG POCKET PLANNING GUIDE
List of Figures Battalion Battle Rhythm----------------------------------------------------------------- 18 What to Gain From a Rehearsal ------------------------------------------------------ 24 Rehearsal Relationships ---------------------------------------------------------------- 26 Terrain Model Rehearsal Tools ------------------------------------------------------- 27 Sample Rehearsal Schedule----------------------------------------------------------- 28 Military Decision Making Process Diagram -------------------------------------- 30 Battalion Staff Integration and the MDMP----------------------------------------- 32 Gathering Tools Reference Sheet --------------------------------------------------- 33 Input-Process-Output Diagram (Mission Receipt) ----------------------------- 34 Sample Commander’s Guidance Checklist--------------------------------------- 35 Sample Actions After Receipt of Mission ----------------------------------------- 36 Input-Process-Output Diagram (Mission Analysis) ---------------------------- 37 Preparing a Mission Analysis --------------------------------------------------------- 38 Finding Tasks in the OPORD ---------------------------------------------------------- 42 Nesting Graphic---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 43 Sample Decision Graphic of Assets Available ---------------------------------- 43 Available Assets Worksheet----------------------------------------------------------- 44 Building a MCOO -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 45 Sample Enemy Template --------------------------------------------------------------- 47 Sample Situation Template ------------------------------------------------------------ 47 Sample Event Template ----------------------------------------------------------------- 48 Developing a Battalion Collection Plan -------------------------------------------- 49 Collection Plan Development Checklist ------------------------------------------- 51 ISR Plan Development Diagram ------------------------------------------------------ 52 Sample ISR Cycle ------------------------------------------------------------------------- 53 Sample Mission Analysis Worksheet----------------------------------------------- 55 Sample Mission Analysis Briefing Format---------------------------------------- 56 Input-Process-Output Diagram (COA Development) -------------------------- 57 Sample Analysis of Relative Combat Power ------------------------------------- 58 Arraying Initial Forces ------------------------------------------------------------------- 60 Step 1. Depict terrain--------------------------------------------------------------------- 62 Step 2. Array the enemy----------------------------------------------------------------- 63 Step 3. Apply higher HQ graphics --------------------------------------------------- 63 Step 4. Sample COA Statement and Sketch-------------------------------------- 64 Sample COA Briefing Format --------------------------------------------------------- 65 Input-Process-Output Diagram (COA Analysis) -------------------------------- 66 Representation During Directed and Hasty War Game Methods---------- 67 Staff Inputs to Wargaming ------------------------------------------------------------- 73 Sample War Game Worksheet -------------------------------------------------------- 74 Sample Synchronization Matrix ------------------------------------------------------ 74 Sample Decision Support Matrix----------------------------------------------------- 75 Sample Briefing Order and Setup---------------------------------------------------- 76 Input-Process-Output Diagram (COA Comparison) --------------------------- 77 Input-Process-Output Diagram (COA Approval)-------------------------------- 78 Sample Relative Value Decision Matrix -------------------------------------------- 78 © Battle Command Training Center (BCTC) Fort Leavenworth, KS 66027-2346
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ARNG POCKET PLANNING GUIDE Sample COA Decision Briefing ------------------------------------------------------- 80 Input-Process-Output Diagram (Orders Production)-------------------------- 81 Sample Orders Briefing Format ------------------------------------------------------ 82 Weather Conditions and NBC --------------------------------------------------------- 93 Sample OPREP--------------------------------------------------------------------------- 100 Sample SALT / SPOTREP (FBCB2)------------------------------------------------ 102 Sample SITREP (FBCB2)-------------------------------------------------------------- 107 Sample NBC 1 Report (FBCB2) ----------------------------------------------------- 114 Sample NBC 2 Report------------------------------------------------------------------ 115 Sample NBC 3 Report (FBCB2) ----------------------------------------------------- 116 Sample NBC 4 Report (FBCB2) ----------------------------------------------------- 117 Sample NBC 6 Report------------------------------------------------------------------ 119 Sample CHEMWARN Report--------------------------------------------------------- 120 Sample Effective Downwind Message Report --------------------------------- 121 Sample Obstacle Turnover / Transfer -------------------------------------------- 125 Sample BRIDGEREP (FBCB2)------------------------------------------------------- 127 Sample Obstacle Report (FBCB2) ------------------------------------------------- 130 Sample Bypass Report ---------------------------------------------------------------- 136 Sample R&S Report -------------------------------------------------------------------- 141 Sample Weather Forecast ------------------------------------------------------------ 142 Sample Weather Advisory------------------------------------------------------------ 143 Sample Graphic INTSUM-------------------------------------------------------------- 146 Sample SALUTE A Report------------------------------------------------------------ 150 Sample Personnel Status Report (FBCB2) ------------------------------------- 154 Sample Personnel SPOT Report --------------------------------------------------- 156 Dialog Box on BCOPS Screen (FBCB2) ----------------------------------------- 160 Sample MEDEVAC Request (FBCB2)--------------------------------------------- 161 Sample Medical SITREP (FBCB2)-------------------------------------------------- 162 Sample Casualty Feeder Report---------------------------------------------------- 164 Sample LOGSTAT Report (FBCB2)------------------------------------------------ 166 Sample Battle Loss Report----------------------------------------------------------- 168
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ARNG POCKET PLANNING GUIDE
ABOUT THIS GUIDE The Pocket Planning Guide is not an all-encompassing reference to planning. It is not intended to replace FM 5-0, Army Planning and Orders Production, or FM 101-5, Staff Organization and Planning. Rather, it provides a condensed, pocket size, planning reference that commanders and staff officers can use during training for or execution of operational and tactical events, if they do not already have one. References to unit command and staff members are gender non-specific. While FM 5-0 and 101-5 are the principal references used in preparation of this guide, a regurgitation of these documents is not provided. It is expected that commanders and staffs will refer to these and other doctrinal references as added detail and example are required. Numerous unit Tactical Standing Operating Procedures (TACSOP) were referred to in the build of this guide and selections provided as applicable. The guide addresses three principal reference areas, General Staff Planning Considerations that includes the MDMP, Special Staff Planning Considerations that includes specific special staff checklists, and Reports that provides examples of 54 reports a battalion may find the need to use. Unit staff personnel are encouraged to refer to the guide for examples and doctrinal direction. All graphics contained in this guide may be viewed at the BCTC AKO Collaboration Website. The BCTC AKO Collaboration Website may be accessed as follows: Go to BCTC website at www-bctc.army.mil Select “Enter the BCTC Website” button Select “The Azimuth” button Select the “AKO” link, or go to https://www.us.army.mil/portal/jhtml/community.jhtml?cpid=20485690 03 and sign in Select “Communities Map” Scroll down and select “TRADOC” On next screen, scroll down and select “Ft. Leavenworth” Select “BCTC” Select “BCTC TAFT Section” (bottom right of collaboration window) Select “Pocket Planning Guide”
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ARNG POCKET PLANNING GUIDE
GENERAL STAFF PLANNING CONSIDERATIONS Planning requires creative application of doctrine, tactics, techniques, procedures, units, and resources. It also requires a thorough knowledge and application of the fundamentals of full-spectrum operations. Planning constitutes the development of plans within the commander’s intent and planning guidance and includes identifying the decisive operation and envisioning how shaping and sustaining operations support it.
Command and Staff Duties and Responsibilities Following are command and staff duties and responsibilities presented in the unique context of, “what the staff officer needs to know from the commander”, and “what the commander needs to know from the staff officer.” The following lists provide core duties and responsibilities. Each unit may have many more to add. Commander The commander must decide what has to be done and the best method to get it done, then lead his unit through mission accomplishment. Regarding planning, the commander: Sets the standards for training the staff Drives the deliberate planning process Performs the key steps in each step of the MDMP process Directs courses of action (COA) Is the link between the analytical MDMP and the reality of battlefield execution XO Duties and Responsibilities The XO, as the second in command, is normally (but not always the case) the battalion commander's assistant in coordinating and synchronizing the staff. What the XO needs to know from the battalion commander: How the battalion commander plans to use him Responsibilities in tactical operations including TOC operations What is the division of labor between the XO and the S3 Decision making authority for the commander / command structure Commander's standing CCIR, intent, and guidance for planning Command philosophy
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ARNG POCKET PLANNING GUIDE What the Battalion Commander needs to know from the XO: Operating policies and procedures Staff coordinated recommendations Current status of CBT, CS, and CSS assets within the task force Status of available resources Operating budget Unit Status Report Personnel Materiel readiness
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ARNG POCKET PLANNING GUIDE S1 Duties and Responsibilities The S1 is a vital link in the commander's staff as he assists in supervising the health, morale, and general welfare of the battalion. What the S1 needs to know from the Battalion Commander: Mission Commander's concept of operation Commander's intent Task organization The enemy situation Time available Chain of command How the commander can be located Rehearsal time and location Priorities for planning What the Battalion Commander needs to know from the S1: S1 estimate Number of casualties by maneuver unit at expected enemy contact locations Status on the delivery of replacements and RTD soldiers Unit combat power Ability to execute future operations based on present combat strength Duty status of soldiers Casualty reports Location of the PAC Emergency medical and preventive medicine measures Reconstitution plan Deployment status
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ARNG POCKET PLANNING GUIDE S2 Duties and Responsibilities The S2 provides the intelligence and counterintelligence functions for the battalion. His success depends to a large extent on the relationship developed between himself, the Commander, and the S3. If the S3 and Commander do not have confidence in the S2, then tactical plans will not be focused on the enemy and may subsequently fail. This point is critical, because in garrison the S2 and S3 seldom interact, yet in the tactical environment they must work together and have confidence in one another. The Commander and S3 must ensure that a relationship is developed that quickly instills this mutual confidence What the S2 needs to know from the Battalion Commander: Mission Commander's concept of operation Commander's intent High payoff targets Commander's PIR, including standing / initial PIR Time available Assets available for R & S How the commander can be located Chain of command Rehearsal time and location What the Battalion Commander needs to know from the S2: S2 estimate Weather, enemy, terrain, effects on operations Location of antitank positions, crew served weapons, individual vehicle positions, and dismounted infantry Location of known and templated barriers, obstacles, minefields Intelligence Enemy avenue(s) of approach Combat information Recommended priority intelligence requirements Command's reconnaissance - surveillance target acquisition assets R & S plan Counterintelligence measures
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ARNG POCKET PLANNING GUIDE S3 Duties and Responsibilities The S3, as the battalion's operations officer, is the Commander's main assistant in coordinating and planning the battle. Note that the Commander must clearly define roles for the XO and S3 dependent on the tactical situation and operational requirements. What the S3 needs to know from the Battalion Commander: How the Commander plans to use him S3’s relationship with the command structure and the XO Commander's intent / planning guidance / priorities Time available What the Battalion Commander needs to know from the S3: Current operation estimate Command resource allocation priorities including time, personnel, supplies, and equipment. Proposed task organization and mission responsibilities of subordinate units Proposed tactical maneuver, dispositions, and fire schemes General locations of command posts Overview of EW, PSYOP, OPSEC, deception activities, CMO, and rear area protection measures, and IO considerations regarding ROE Overview of airspace considerations Unit training requirements Proposed unit training programs / budget / resource allocations Unit readiness status Rehearsal schedules
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ARNG POCKET PLANNING GUIDE S4 Duties and Responsibilities The sustainment of the battalion is the primary responsibility of the S4. He must work closely with the command and staff structure. What the S4 needs to know from the Battalion Commander: Mission statement Concept of the operation Brigade and Battalion Commander's intent The enemy and friendly situation Priority of fires and effort Priority of maintenance support Priority of Classes III and V supply and priority for the tailoring of emergency resupply in the combat trains Any special ammunition requirements Mission essential tasks for each task force unit Maneuver control measures Time line for operation (phases) Future operations / next mission Obstacle plan / special needs for target reference point markers in the defense Chain of command, how the Battalion Commander can be located Rehearsal schedule Axis of advance and the enemy avenue(s) of approach Resupply time line / pause for recovery What the Battalion Commander needs to know from the S4: Input during mission analysis and on all courses of action (COA), to include supportability of COAs (medical, maintenance, emergency resupply) Key CSS constraints and limitations Does the S4 understand the mission and tactical concept? Positioning of assets and units to support operations Organization of trains (echelon versus unit) Status of combat health support plan Does plan allow CSS functions to be performed as far forward as possible? Is the main effort weighted? Unit's fuel / ammunition / maintenance / Class IV barrier material requirements versus on-hand and available Current status and expected line of departure / defend by time status Class VII weapon system loss estimate Transportation requirements / routes / capabilities © Battle Command Training Center (BCTC) Fort Leavenworth, KS 66027-2346
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ARNG POCKET PLANNING GUIDE Adequacy of command and control facilities for directing CSS activities Is retransmission needed to talk to BSA / field trains? Night operation measures / considerations Rehearsal schedule How are slice elements and other elements supported under task force control? How are the scouts and counter-reconnaissance (in defense) supported? Resupply method of distribution
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ARNG POCKET PLANNING GUIDE Engineer Duties and Responsibilities Engineers provide the Commander with the technical skills and equipment needed to execute the mobility, counter-mobility, and survivability requirements of the battalion. What the Engineer needs to know from the Battalion Commander: Mission Concept of operation Commander's intent The enemy situation The friendly situation Any special munitions (FASCAM, smoke) Maneuver control measures Time available Chain of command How the Commander can be located Rehearsal time and location Axis of advance Enemy avenue(s) of approach Location where the Commander wants to kill the enemy (targeted areas of interest, EA) Targeted elements (and intent for situational obstacles) Priorities for employing mobility, counter-mobility, and survivability measures Obstacle intent, i.e., to turn, fix, block, or disrupt What the Battalion Commander needs to know from the Engineer: Does he understand the concept of operations Engineer estimate Barrier material requirements Mine laying capabilities Blade hours available Target turnover criteria What problems he anticipates in implementing the Battalion Commander's plan Has he coordinated with the FSO and S3 to ensure that obstacles are covered by fire? Priority assets the engineer does not control Has he coordinated his terrain analysis with the S2 and S3? What equipment does he have direct access to? Plan for use of assets (equipment, Class IV, platoons)
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ARNG POCKET PLANNING GUIDE Plan for tracking engineer work (obstacle emplacement, survivability positions) Specified and implied tasks Input to and assessment of COAs Enemy employment of engineer assets Engineer participation in rehearsals (particularly breaching) The Engineer should have the following information posted in the TOC or on templates: Dozer blades available Mines - Class V Barrier material - Class IV Situational obstacle information Demolitions status Mine detectors, etc. status Supply points, etc. IPB NAI / MSR / route clearance operations Planned, expected, % complete obstacles Areas of responsibilities / task organization Planned, completed survivability %’s (red, green, amber)
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ARNG POCKET PLANNING GUIDE Fire Support Officer (FSO) Duties and Responsibilities The Commander, quite literally, calls the shots. He should make sure that his intent is known to the FSO during the planning phase of the operation. The Commander must use all of the people and equipment at his control to insure that he gets the most from his fire support system. Advanced planning is important. Once the enemy is stopped, the commander must consider his next actions. He should be frugal in planning and not create an unmanageable number of targets. Communication is the key to success between the fire planner and the maneuver commander. The process must be continual and the intent of both parties understood. To assist in this process, the following information checklists are provided. Some of the questions will require input from the Commander, others will require special staff input, while many will require a coordinated staff solution. What the FSO needs to know from the Battalion Commander: Mission Commander's concept of operation Commander's intent The enemy situation The friendly situation Purpose of fires Guidance for selection of high payoff targets Priority of fires BN and BDE EFST for FA and mortars Any special fires (preparation, FPF, illumination) Fire coordination signals Any special munitions (FASCAM, smoke) Commander's maneuver control measures Time available Obstacle plan and EAs (where the CDR visualizes killing the enemy) Chain of command How the Commander can be located Rehearsal time and location Axis of advance Enemy avenue(s) of approach Ammunition resupply procedures
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ARNG POCKET PLANNING GUIDE What the Battalion Commander needs to know from the FSO: His targeting capabilities Recommended EFSTs for mortars / cannon All fire support assets available Ability of fire support assets to meet defeat criteria as stated in the Commander's attack guidance Nomination of HPTs His evaluation of high payoff targets Are fire control measures synchronized with maneuver control measures? Are ammunition pre-stocks available? Is fire support coordinated with the obstacle plan? Who will position and control fire support assets? How will he provide continuous support to the maneuver force? How long to first round / shift targets / displace Is fire support tied in with direct fire, CAS, EW, and ADA? Has he coordinated with the S2 / S3 / Signal officer to reduce FSE electronic signature? Plan to integrate mortars into fire support plan
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ARNG POCKET PLANNING GUIDE Signal Officer’s (SIGO) Duties and Responsibilities The importance of communications for effective command and control cannot be overemphasized. If the Commander is planning for a communications system, he should be guided by the types and amount of equipment that are available. All C-E assets available throughout the command must be considered. This includes equipment in the signal unit as well as the C-E equipment and personnel assigned to the battalion. What the SIGO needs to know from the Battalion Commander: Mission Concept of operation Commander's intent The enemy situation Any special fires (preparation, FPF, illumination) Maneuver control measures Time available Chain of command How the Commander can be located Rehearsal time and location Communication / equipment requirements What the Battalion Commander needs to know from the SIGO: Communication equipment status Communication resources available Communication support available (mobile subscriber equipment coverage) Special / additional training requirements Modifications in SOIs Frequency changes / alternate means of communications Anti-jamming plan RETRANS capability
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ARNG POCKET PLANNING GUIDE ADA Officer’s (ADO) Duties and Responsibilities The infantry battalion's main air defense asset is a passive measure: remaining undetected. If support is provided from the divisional ADA battalion, the following information checklists will ensure all key ADArelated issues are addressed. What the ADO needs to know from the Battalion Commander: Commander's intent and scheme of maneuver Nature and scope of assigned tactical missions Air defense priorities Priority of air corridors Can ADA elements with GS mission provide incidental coverage over the battalion area? Positions of friendly forces in proximity of air defense teams Aviation assets and A2C2 controls or considerations What the Battalion Commander needs to know from the ADO: Recommended air defense priorities Number, type, and positioning of ADA weapons defending key assets ADA task organization Terrain and weather factors and limitations impacting on air defense plan Threat characteristics and tactics impacting on air defense plan Number of types of ADA weapons available to each defense Weapon system requirements, limitations, characteristics, impacting on air defense plan Specified and implied tasks Input to and assessment of COAs An effective early warning plan Weapons control status and air defense warning status OPSEC plan for ADA assets
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ARNG POCKET PLANNING GUIDE Chemical Officer’s (CHEMO) Duties and Responsibilities The CHEMO provides valuable expertise in the employment of nuclear, biological, and chemical weapons on the integrated battlefield. What the CHEMO needs to know from the Battalion Commander: Mission Concept of operation Commander's intent Intent for fighting contaminated (Commander's) acceptable loss criteria Decontamination priorities / concerns Employment considerations for NBC reconnaissance Maneuver control measures Time available Obstacle plan Chain of command How the commander can be located Rehearsal time and location Axis of advance Enemy avenue(s) of approach What the Battalion Commander needs to know from the CHEMO: Does he understand the operational concept? CHEMO’s criteria for these assessments: enemy's use of chemical weapons enemy's use of nuclear weapons
CHEMO’s evaluation of the battalion monitoring teams' readiness CHEMO’s assessment of potential downwind vapor hazards CHEMO’s recommendations on employment / missions of attached NBC assets, if applicable Decontamination (to include priorities) and smoke operation plans Templated chemical strikes CHEMO’s identification of NBC reconnaissance mission(s) CHEMO’s assessment of the use / impact of enemy smoke operations
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ARNG POCKET PLANNING GUIDE Chaplain’s Duties and Responsibilities The chaplain provides the Commander, the staff, and the soldiers with religious support and pastoral care. What the Chaplain needs to know from the Battalion Commander: Mission and impact on unit and soldiers Commander's concept of the operation Commander's intent The enemy situation Time available Chain of command Task organization How the commander can be located Rehearsal time and location Transportation and communication support What the Battalion Commander needs to know from the Chaplain: Religious support plan Issues dealing with ethics, morals, and morale as affected by religion Impact of local religious groups and sites on planned military operations Any special religious accommodation requests from soldiers Any humanitarian issues arising from indigenous groups Location of the UMT Communication link to battalion UMT How additional religious support assets can be obtained if needed
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ARNG POCKET PLANNING GUIDE CSM Duties and Responsibilities The CSM is the Commander's eyes and ears. A CSM has no conflicts of interest. He is dedicated to assisting the Commander in directing the unit towards the successful accomplishment of the mission. What the CSM needs to know from the Battalion Commander: Commander's intent Command philosophy Commander's expectations of a CSM How the Commander defines the CSM's job in the unit Command focus What the Battalion Commander needs to know from the CSM: Training status of unit soldiers and leaders Welfare, morale, and satisfaction of enlisted members within battalion Administration recommendations regarding assignments, discipline, training, awards and decorations, and uniform regulation relevant to enlisted soldiers of the command Input on equal opportunity policies established within the unit Potential combat technical and tactical deficiencies in the unit and suggestions for improvement
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ARNG POCKET PLANNING GUIDE
Orders Group Organization There are three orders groups that may be called at any time: Orders Group A TF CDR TF XO TF S3 TF S2 TF S4 FSO CO CDR’s
Orders Group B TF CDR
Orders Group C TF CDR
TF XO TF Primary Staff
TF XO TF Staff
CO CDR’s SEP PLT LDR’s
CDR’s & FSO’s SEP PLT DR’s
Battalion Battle Rhythm Establishing an event rhythm directly affects command and staff efficiency and effectiveness. Battalion Battle Rhythm TIME
EVENT
RESULT
PROPONENT
0500
0530
100% ACCOUNTABILITY OR NOTIFICATION TO CDR
BATTLE CAPTAIN
BDE UPDATED AS PER RPT
BATTLE CAPTAIN
CDR UPDATED ON PAST & NEXT 24 HRS. CO. CDRS RECEIVED GUIDANCE, RAISED CONCERNS, AND REPORTED SENSITIVE ITEMS. CDR PREPARED FOR BDE CONFERENCE CALL
SIGO
BDE CDR’S CONFERENCE CALL
BN CDR RECEIVED GUIDANCE AND RAISED CONCERNS
SIGO
1130
CDR’S NARRATIVE (CHARLIE RPT) TO BDE
WRITTEN RECORD OF PAST & NEXT 24 HRS ACTIVITIES
BATTLE CAPTAIN
1300
TF TARGETING MEETING (XO, S3, S2, FSO, OTHERS A/R)
UPDATED HPTL, TARGETING SYNC MATRIX, AND FRAGO
XO OR S3
1400
OPREP DUE FROM TF UNITS
100% ACCOUNTABILITY OR NOTIFICATION TO CDR
BATTLE CAPTAIN
1430
FRAGO FROM TARGETING MEETING TO COMPANIES
UPDATED TARGETING PRIORITIES
S3
1500
OPREP DUE TO BDE
BDE UPDATED AS PER RPT
BATTLE CAPTAIN
CO/SLICE SENSITIVE ITEMS REPORT DUE TO TF TOC
100% ACCOUNTABILITY OR NOTIFICATION TO CDR
BATTLE CAPTAIN
0630
0700
0730
0800
CO/SLICE SENSITIVE ITEMS REPORT DUE TO TF TOC
OPREP AND SENSITIVE ITEMS REPORT DUE TO BDE TF CDR’S CONFERENCE CALL
TF TARGETING MEETING (XO, S3, S2, FSO, OTHERS A/R)
1100
1700
1800
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ARNG POCKET PLANNING GUIDE
Rules of Engagement (ROE) Following is sample guidance that may be useful. It is not intended as unit doctrine. Soldiers must become familiar with the application of force. Today’s multitude of scenarios places our soldiers in unfamiliar and oftentimes confusing situations. The following four rules are the basic foundation for rules of engagement. These should be followed in the absence of more specific guidance. The four rules interlock; one rule does not apply to the exclusion of the others. The chain of command may supplement one or more of these rules to permit accomplishment of a mission. In such a case, these rules should guide your judgment only to the extent that they do not conflict with the instructions of your chain of command. When facing a potential threat, exercise initiative as well as restraint. Any weapons fire must be disciplined and aimed, while also effective in achieving self-defense. When encountering a potential threat, remember “return fire with aimed fire”, “anticipate attack”, “measure the amount of force you use…”, “protect with deadly force…” (R-A-M-P). This keyword will help you respond in a way that protects lives, supports the mission, and complies with the law. Return fire with aimed fire. Return force with force. You always have the right, when in danger, to repel hostile acts with necessary force. “Return fire” means that if you have been fired on or otherwise attacked, you may do what you must to protect yourself or fellow soldiers. Anticipate attack. Use force first if, but only if, you see clear indicators of hostile intent. This means that self-defense is not limited to returning fire. Soldiers do not have to receive the first shot before using force to protect themselves and other’s lives. When soldiers initiate the use of force to defend themselves, they use what is known as “anticipatory” or “preemptive” force. During non-combat operations, unless ordered otherwise, you must use anticipatory or preemptive force only when you face an imminent threat of attack and can identify or describe to yourself certain clear indicators of hostile intent. Determine whether someone’s intentions are hostile by considering the same factors you use when reporting enemy information to your leader under the SALUTE format. Size. How many individuals are you facing? Activity. What is he doing? Pointing a weapon? Location. Is he within small arms range? In a prepared fighting position? Has he entered a restricted area? © Battle Command Training Center (BCTC) Fort Leavenworth, KS 66027-2346
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ARNG POCKET PLANNING GUIDE Unit. Is he wearing a uniform? Part of an organized armed force? Time. How soon before he is upon you? Equipment. Is he armed? If so with what? What is the range and lethality of his weapon? Measure the amount of force that you use, if time and circumstances permit. Use only the amount of force necessary to protect lives and accomplish the mission. As a soldier - a professional in the use of force you are expected to adjust the intensity, magnitude and duration of your force to fit the scale of threat that you face. Excessive force endangers innocent lives and hinders mission accomplishment. If possible, apply a graduated escalation of force, particularly when facing civilian crowds that appear to be unarmed, but also unfriendly. In handling potentially hostile situations, use one or more of the actions in V-E-W-P-R-I-K. Verbal warning. Tell person(s), in their language, if possible, to disperse, stay away, or halt. Exhibit weapon. Show your weapon or use some other display that you have superior force at your disposal. Warning shot. Shoot a warning shot, if authorized. Pepper spray. Spray cayenne pepper spray, if authorized and available and the individual is close enough. Riot stick. Strike with riot stick, if authorized and available and if the individual is close enough. Poke fleshy parts of the body first, arms and legs next, and, if necessary, escalate to striking the head. Injure with fire. Shoot to wound. Kill with fire. Shoot to kill. Protect with deadly force only human life and property designated by your commander. Stop short of deadly force when protecting other property. These four rules (RAMP) operate as an escalation scale when conditions grow more hostile and the situation develops into combat. RAMP states the rules by which you increase your level of force to meet the threat.
Liaison Purpose. The purpose of this section is to outline the responsibilities and equipment necessary for personnel designated as liaison officers / NCOs. This section is applicable to personnel serving adjacent and higher units, as well as personnel attached to this unit.
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ARNG POCKET PLANNING GUIDE General. The liaison officer / NCO represents the Commander at the headquarters of another unit. He is responsible for effecting coordination and for promoting cooperation between the two units. As the Commander’s direct representative, it is imperative that the selected individual possess certain qualities: Bearing. The liaison officer / NCO is the standard bearer for his unit. Personal appearance, physical fitness, technical / tactical expertise, and professionalism are key to ensuring that the liaison officer / NCO gives a lasting first impression. Briefing Skills. The liaison officer / NCO will often be required to brief the gaining unit on various topics. He must articulate and possess good briefing skills. Aggressiveness. The information flow is critical to liaison officers / NCO’s success. He must be aggressive in gathering information and ensure it flows properly to the right people. Responsibilities for establishing liaison are: Lower to higher Left to right Supporting to supported Rear to front Moving to stationary. Duties. Listed below are the specified duties of the liaison officer / NCO. They have been broken down into actions taken prior to departure, during execution of the mission and actions taken upon return. This list is not allinclusive but does provide a solid base to facilitate planning once notified that a liaison officer / NCO will be required. Duties prior to departure: Obtain information from each staff section on unit’s status. Understand mission and unit capabilities. Ensure arrangements for communication and transportation will meet mission requirements. Should be licensed to operate a vehicle even if assigned a driver. Obtain necessary credentials for identification. Check language / interpreter requirements. Whenever possible, deploy as a liaison team. (OIC and NCOIC).
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ARNG POCKET PLANNING GUIDE Duties during assignment: Keep informed on the situation of own unit and make that information available to the Commander and staff. Keep an accurate record of reports. Report on all matters within the scope of the mission. Aggressively seek out information and ensure it reaches the proper people. Establish communication with parent unit. Provide credentials and obtain badges if necessary. Report to S3 battle captain and provide update. Arrange for classified material storage. Visit each staff / BOS section and exchange information. Attend all briefings and be prepared to brief unit status/plans. Monitor parent unit Command Net and status (informs supported commander). Ensure supported commander receives parent unit's reports. Ensure parent unit receives supported commander’s FRAGO / OPORD. Deliver messages between parent and supported units, as required. Duties upon return: Brief your Commander on information reference the mission of higher headquarters, unit locations, future operations, and commander’s intent. Transmit mission requirements and / or requests for information Brief staff sections as to detailed information received during the assignment Prepare a trip report, if applicable, to ensure that “lessons learned” are recorded for others who may be required to serve as a liaison officer / NCO in the future. At a minimum, the TF should provide one LNO team to the BCT Main CP. LNO Supporting Analog Unit: Have the means of following operations in the analog unit (paper maps with overlays, necessary communications, printed orders, and prompt access to changes and FRAGOs) Manually create the analog unit blue and red situational understanding (SU) and transmit them back to the brigade via digital means Confirm that any fire support coordination measures are understood at the parent brigade headquarters Coordinate actions between the two elements using appropriate communication system.
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ARNG POCKET PLANNING GUIDE Liaison with civilian authorities and organizations. Command Group and staff will: Specify what information the liaison team will provide and what information they will protect Direct what, when, how to report, duration of the mission, limitations on release of information and authority to commit the TF to specific actions Arrange for movement, link-up, and support for liaison teams sent to civilian authorities and organizations. If interpreters are necessary, the S3 will coordinate for them before the liaison team joins its supported organization. Team chiefs should: Assure the security and logistical support of their teams on site Understand their mission, the nature of the organization they’re supporting and the TF commander’s intent and CCIR Promptly provide critical information to the TF TOC Closely follow the tactical situation Maintain constant communication with the TF TOC Safeguard classified information including sensitive tactical information pertaining to TF operations. Keep supported organization’s leadership informed about LNO whereabouts and duties. Be able to rejoin the TF headquarters on short notice.
Rehearsals The TF rehearses its operations as part of the MDMP. FM 6-0 provides doctrinal guidance for rehearsals. The doctrinal definition of rehearsals is stated in FM 6-0 as, “the act or process of practicing an action to prepare for the actual performance. Rehearsing key combat actions before execution allows participants to become familiar with the operation and to translate the relatively dry recitation of the tactical plan into visual impression. This visual impression helps them orient themselves to their environment and other units when executing the operation. Moreover, the repetition of combat tasks during the rehearsal leaves a lasting mental picture of the sequence of key actions within the operation.” Rehearsals have proven to have a dramatic effect on battlefield results. It is important that the commander and staff understand what they want from a rehearsal. Consider the following.
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ARNG POCKET PLANNING GUIDE What to Gain From a Rehearsal
Commander able to present his intent and guidance directly to subordinates and gain their support and understanding
Motivate The arrangement of military actions in time, space, and purpose to produce maximum relative combat power at a decisive place and time (FM 1-02)
Visualize
Seeing the enemy, terrain, and friendly units and their relationships
Rehearsal
Clarify Ensure that all subordinates understand the mission and their supporting roles
Synchronize
Five Rehearsal Types Confirmation Brief. Routinely performed by a subordinate leader immediately after receiving any instructions, such as a OPORD, a FRAGO, etc. The higher commander is briefed on their understanding of his intent, their specific task and purpose, and the relationship between their unit’s missions and other units in the operation. (FM 6-0) Backbrief. Normally performed throughout the MDMP. This rehearsal allows the commander to clarify his intent early in the subordinate’s tactical estimate procedure. It allows the higher commander to: 1) identify problems in his concept of operation; 2) identify problems in a subordinate unit commander’s concept; and 3) learn how subordinates intend to accomplish their mission. (FM 6-0) Combined Arms Rehearsal. Normally conducted by a maneuver unit headquarters after subordinate units have issued their OPORD. This rehearsal ensures that subordinate plans are synchronized with other units, and that the plans of all subordinate commanders will achieve the intent of the higher commander. (FM 6-0) Units should strive to conduct combined arms rehearsals whenever possible.
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ARNG POCKET PLANNING GUIDE Support Rehearsal. Units usually perform support rehearsals within the framework of a single or limited number of operating systems (e.g., FS or CSS rehearsals). Support rehearsals are designed to ensure that the specific BOS can support the higher commander’s plan and accomplish all assigned missions, and to synchronize the particular BOS plan with the maneuver plan. (FM 6-0) Battle Drill / SOP Rehearsal. Conducted to ensure that all participants understand a technique or a specific set of procedures. This type of rehearsal is performed at all echelons (most extensively at platoon, squad, and section). They are performed throughout the MDMP timeline. (FM 6-0) Six Rehearsal Techniques Full Dress. Produces the most detailed understanding of the mission. Involves every soldier and system participating in the operation. Is the most time and resource intensive technique. Reduced Force. Involves only the unit’s and subordinate unit’s key leaders. Is less time and resource intensive than the full dress rehearsal. Terrain Model. The most popular rehearsal technique. Requires less resources and time than the full dress or reduced force rehearsals. The commander determines the level of leader involvement. Model must be accurate and in sufficient detail to allow battlefield visualization. Sketch Map. Can be used almost anywhere day or night. You use the same procedures as the terrain model technique, except the commander uses a sketch in place of the model. Sketch must be large enough for all participants to see as each subordinate commander walks through the verbal interactive execution of the operation. Map. Similar to the sketch map rehearsal, except the commander uses a map and operations overlay of the same scale as being used to plan and control the fight. (This technique is generally the least effective because of map scale.) Network. Conducted by interactively and verbally executing critical portions of the operation over established communications networks. The commander establishes a general sequence of events. The unit rehearses only the essential, most-critical portions of the operation.
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ARNG POCKET PLANNING GUIDE The following figure depicts the relationships between the six rehearsal techniques and the amount of preparation/resources required, time used, OPSEC risk, leadership participation and the amount of detailed understanding that the participants will likely gain. Rehearsal Relationships
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ARNG POCKET PLANNING GUIDE As previously stated, the most popular type of rehearsal technique is the terrain model. In order for this technique to be effective, the following tools must be incorporated: Terrain Model Rehearsal Tools
Rehearsal Responsibilities Planning. In his initial guidance, the commander provides the type of rehearsal, technique, place, attendees and enemy COA to be portrayed. The XO ensures all rehearsals are imbedded in the unit’s time management system. (FM 6-0, pg F-7) Preparation. The commander, ideally, prepares to rehearse the mission with events phased in proper order from start to finish. The XO, through war-gaming, coordinates and allocates time for the key events requiring a rehearsal; establishes time limits; verifies site preparation; and determines method for controlling the rehearsal and ensures its logical flow. Subordinate leaders, complete their planning process. Higher headquarters, de-conflicts all sub unit graphics and publishes composite overlays. Execution. The commander must command the rehearsal, just as he will command the fight, maintaining focus and level of intensity, allowing absolutely no potential for subordinate confusion. The rehearsal’s purpose is to validate synchronization – the what, when, and where of subordinate unit’s tasks to execute the commander’s intent. The XO should direct the rehearsal. The S3 assists the commander in the fight forward and should rehearse that task. The S2 bases his execution actions on the enemy COA the commander selected during the planning process. Subordinate leaders articulate their units’ actions and responsibilities. Recorder restates any
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ARNG POCKET PLANNING GUIDE changes, coordination or clarification. The staff updates the OPORD, the DST, and the synchronization matrix. (FM 6-0, pgs F-9, 10) Rehearsal Group Attendees TF Commander TF XO TF CSM TF Staff Company Commanders TF Special Staff (i.e. ETAC, EN Co XO) Attached platoon leaders, squad or team leaders (i.e. GSR team, Avenger / Stinger section) Sample Rehearsal Schedule TOPIC ORIENTATION ENEMY SITUATION ISR OPERATIONS MAIN EFFORT CO TM SUPPORTING EFFORT CO TM FIRE SUPPORT MOBILITY/COUNTERMOBILIT Y/SURVIVABILITY AIR DEFENSE MI NBC COMMAND AND CONTROL
BRIEFER S3 S2 S2/S3 CO COMMANDER CO COMMANDER (S) FSO EN CO COMMANDER ADA PLT OR SECTION LEADER GSR OR HUMINT TEAM LEADER CHEMO S6
Backbriefs Backbriefs, previously mentioned as one of the five types of rehearsals, is a valuable tool for the commander to ensure operational clarity. Sample Backbrief Format Final backbriefs are conducted after the BN OPORD but before the CO OPORDs. Each CO Commander backbriefs the BN Commander using a blow-up sketch (butcher block size) and desk-side binder. Time allotted is 20 minutes for each CO Commander. Location: BN TOC.
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ARNG POCKET PLANNING GUIDE Sample Backbrief Agenda Specified Tasks Implied Tasks Essential Tasks Mission Intent Concept of the Operation Concept of Fires Concept of Air Defense Concept of Engineer Support Concept of Support CASEVAC Concept Battle Command Concept Issues
(desk-side binder) (desk-side binder) (desk-side binder) (desk-side or blow-up) (desk-side or blow-up) (blow-up) (blow-up) (blow-up) (blow-up) (blow-up) (blow-up) (blow-up) (OPORD Time / Place)
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ARNG POCKET PLANNING GUIDE
The Military Decision Making Process (MDMP) The MDMP is a planning tool that establishes techniques for analyzing a mission, developing, analyzing, and comparing courses of action against criteria of success and each other, selecting the optimum course of action, and producing a plan or order. Commanders with an assigned staff use it to organize their planning activities, share a common understanding of the mission and commander’s intent, and develop effective plans and orders. The MDMP helps organize the thought process of commanders and staffs, and helps them apply thoroughness, clarity, sound judgment, logic, and professional knowledge to reach decisions. Military Decision Making Process Diagram
The Military Decision Making Process (MDMP) INPUTS
CDR’s Estimate
• Higher HQ order / plan / IPB • Staff estimates facts & assumptions • Restated mission • CDR’s guidance • CDR’s intent • Staff estimates & products • Threat COAs • Threat COAs • COA statements & Sketches • Wargame results • Establish criteria
• Decision matrix
• Approved COA
OUTPUTS
Receipt of Mission
Mission Mission Analysis Analysis
COA Development COA COA Analysis Analysis (War (War Game) Game)
COA COAComparison Comparison COA COA Approval Approval
Approve COA
OrdersProduction Production Orders
Approve order
• CDR’s initial guidance • WARNO 1 • Initial ISR Plan • Initial CCIR • Initial IPB products • Restated Mission • CDR’s intent • CDR’s guidance • WARNO 2 • Staff products • Battlefield framework • Preliminary movement • COA statements & sketches
Staff Estimates
• Mission received from higher HQ or deduced by the CDR / staff
• Wargame results • Task organizations • Mission to subordinates units • Refine CCIR • Decision matrix • Approved COA • Refined CDR’s intent • Specified type of order • Specified type of rehearsal • HPT list • WARNO 3
• OPLAN / OPORD
Troop Leading Procedures Preparation Rehearsals
Execution
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ARNG POCKET PLANNING GUIDE MDMP Staff Integration Staff integration requires that staff officers plan beyond themselves, know what to look for to execute their tasks, know where to get it, and know to start early. The applicability of a particular BOS for a given mission may take the forefront over another, just as the battalion staff personnel supporting that BOS at that time may have more critical task responsibilities than other staff members. Regardless, the primary BOS staff members supporting a mission are supported by the integrated task assistance from the rest of the staff. The following diagram reinforces the magnitude of MDMP planning and the criticality of staff integration.
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© Battle Command Training Center (BCTC) Fort Leavenworth, KS 66027-2346 REF: FM 6-0, FM 5-0
Note: This graphic is intended to help BN battle staffs w ith the integration effort required of selected critical tasks. The actions, duties, and responsibilities listed, while in consonance with the ARTEP 712-M TP, are not intended to be all inclusive, but sufficient for BN CDRs and battle staffs to gain a perspective for the spectrum of integration. Those tasks specific to a member of the BN are noted. If not noted otherw ise, all other tasks are comm on to the entire BN battle staff.
6
•Coordinate COA analysis (XO) •Gather the tools •List all friendly forces •List critical assumptions •List known critical events & decision points •Determine evaluation criteria •Select war game method & recording method (S3) •Record results of war gaming (S3 / OPS NCO) •Role-play friendly commander (S3 or CDR) •Role-play enemy commander (S2) •Develop critical threat decision points (S2) •Project & capture enemy actions & losses (S2) •Identify IRs, refine event template, & matrix (S2) •Analyze COAs (battle losses & personnel support) (S1) •Assess IR to finalize CCIR •Refine the ISR plan based on CCIR
Ste p 4 . A n a ly z e C O A s
•Evaluate & score each COA •Conduct internal war game brief (optional) (S3) •Participate in the internal war game brief (optional) •Conduct COA decision brief (S3) •Determine weight of each criterion •Receive decision briefing & analyze COAs (CDR) •Direct, supervise, and coordinate staff planning (XO)
S te p 5 . C o m p a re C O A s
•Select & refine COA (CDR) •M odify & approve CCIR (CDR) •Provide additional COA development guidance (CDR) •Review & refine intent statement (CDR) •Analyze & coordinate acceptable risk with adjacent & higher commanders (CDR) •Issue W ARNO 3 to subordinate & supporting units (S3 SEC)
S te p 6 . A p p ro v e C O A
5
7
4
S4
XO
CDR
•Analyze COAs (sustainment feasibility, shortfalls, & movement) (S4) •Analyze COAs (communications support) (S6) •Analyze COAs for BOS supportability •Supervise targeting session (XO) •Participate in targeting session (Targeting Team) •M odify & approve CCIR (CDR) •Revise & update CDR & staff estimates •Direct, supervise, & coordinate staff planning (XO) •Identify / develop risk reduction measures
Commo
S6
ADO
3
ENG
CHEM O
FSE
FSO
1
2
•Analyze HHQ order to: determine assets available determine constraints that restrict freedom of action determine specified, implied, and essential tasks identify critical facts and assumptions •Approve essential tasks (CDR) •Conduct initial IPB (staff w/ S2 lead) •Develop operational environment & effects •Develop SITTEM P (staff w/ S2 SEC lead) •Determine possible threat COAs (S2 SEC) •Develop threat event templates (S2 SEC) •Develop modified combined obstacle overlay (M COO) (S2 SEC) •Conduct initial risk assessment •Nominate information requirements (IR) to become CCIR •Recommend PIR (S2) & approve PIR (CDR) •M onitor, assess, and manage CCIR (XO) •Review and approve initial CCIR (CDR) •Revise estimates •Revise initial Commander’s intent (CDR) •Identify intelligence gaps (XO & S2 SEC) •Develop initial R&S plan (S2, S3, & staff) •Turn R& S plan into initial reconnaissance annex (S3 & S3 SEC) •Publish R&S order (S3 SEC) •M anage, and enforce planning timeline •Refine, manage, & enforce planning time line (XO) •W rite the restated mission (XO or S3) •Conduct mission analysis briefing (S3) •Approve restated mission (CDR) •Issue CDR’s guidance and intent (CDR) •Issue W ARNO 2 to subordinate & supporting units (S3 SEC) •Perform recurring functions •Supervise integration of risk management (XO) •Direct, supervise, and coordinate staff planning (XO)
Ste p 2 . C o n d u c t M iss io n A n a ly s is
•Gain & maintain situational understanding •Receive HHQ order or initiate M DM P at CDR’s urging (S3) •Determine COP elements to be displayed (CDR) •Update & maintain COP •Issue W ARNO to staff to initiate planning (S3 SEC) •Coordinate staff actions •Direct, supervise, & coordinate staff planning (XO) •Gather necessary tools •Determine time required to position critical elements •Determine time available •Determine if time permits complete M DM P (CDR) •M aintain planning time line (XO) •Conduct quick assessments (commander & staff): current IPB & intelligence gaps available staff estimates (draft or revise, if required) staff’s experience, cohesiveness, & level of stress or sleep ambient light requirements for planning, rehearsals, & movement •Determine requirements for staff collaboration •Issue initial planning guidance (CDR) •Determine initial R& S requirements & deploy R& S assets •Issue W ARNO 1 to subordinate & supporting units (S3 SEC) •Coordinate dispatch & receipt of LNOs (XO) •Advise & inform CDR of critical information (XO)
Ste p 1 . R e c e iv e th e M is s io n
•Review & modify CCIR (CDR) •Continue risk management (XO & staff) •Analyze relative combat power •Generate options •Array initial forces •Develop scheme of maneuver •Assign headquarters •Prepare COA statements & sketches •Screen COAs against criteria •Conduct COA development briefing (XO or S3) •Receive COA briefing (CDR) •Participate in the COA briefing (staff) •Direct, supervise, & coordinate staff planning (XO)
Ste p 3 . D e v e lo p C o u rs e s o f A c tio n (C O A )
ARTEP 71-2-M TP Task # 07-1-5189
S3 Sec
S3 Air
ALO
S3
Plan Operations Using the M DM P
S5
S4 Sec
S2
M ORTAR
S2 Sec
… RECON …
S1 S1 Sec
S te p 4 . A n a ly z e C O A s (c o n tin u e d )
•Refine (staff) & approve (CDR) selected COA, if required •Coordinate & integrate accident risk controls into OPORD text & graphics •Ensure staff estimates or OPORD annexes reflect CDR’s decisions (XO) •Develop operations annexes & body of the OPORD •Integrate staff input & annexes to finalize OPORD (S3 SEC lead) •Review, modify, & approve OPORD (CDR) •Reproduce, distribute, & brief OPORD, as required (S3 SEC) •Conduct confirmation briefing(s) with subordinates units •Support subordinate unit staffs with planning & coordination •Direct, supervise, & coordinate staff planning (XO) •Begin prep for operations & conduct rehearsals (sub-units)
S te p 7 . P ro d u c e O p e ra tio n s O rd e r (O P O R D )
ARNG POCKET PLANNING GUIDE
Battalion Staff Integration and the MDMP
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ARNG POCKET PLANNING GUIDE Gathering MDMP Tools The following reference sheet should be used as a guide to ensure an efficient MDMP start-up. Gathering Tools Reference Sheet Tool
Who Gathers
For What Timeline MDMP Activity (Gather when)
Large scale map of the area of operations, 1:25,000 or larger
S3 OPS NCO
Mission Analysis
Mission Receipt
Higher echelon orders, INTSUMs, INTREPs, and graphics of the AO
Staff NCOs
Mission Analysis
Mission Receipt
Cartoon sketch or representation of the AO depicting prominent terrain features, both topographic and man-made
S3 OPS NCO
Mission Analysis
Mission Receipt
S3 OPS NCO S3 OPS NCO
Mission Analysis
Mission Receipt
Mission Analysis
Mission Receipt
S3 OPS NCO
Mission Analysis
Mission Receipt
Staff NCOs
Mission Analysis
Mission Receipt
CDR’s guidance checklist Wargaming staff input checklist
S3 OPS NCO S3 OPS NCO
COA Development
Formatted mission analysis worksheets Blown-up, laminated mission analysis briefing boards Enlarged, blank timeline with space for light data, enemy & friendly actions Examples of previous products used & approved by the CDR
Mission Analysis nesting diagram
S3 OPS NCO
Mission Analysis Wargaming Wargaming
Synchronization matrix
S3 OPS NCO
Wargaming
COA Development
COA statements and sketch boards with decision graphics
Staff NCOs
Wargaming
COA Development
S3
Wargaming
COA Development
Staff
Wargaming
COA Development
CDR’s guidance Battle staff estimates
Mission Receipt COA Development
Operational graphic overlays
S3 OPS NCO
Wargaming
COA Development
List of friendly forces available
S3 OPS NCO
Wargaming
COA Development
Enemy SITEMPs and EVENTEMPs
S2 NCO
Wargaming
COA Development
List of possible enemy reinforcements
S2 NCO
Wargaming
COA Development
List of known higher / friendly & enemy critical events
S2, S3
Wargaming
COA Development
List of known higher / friendly & enemy decision points
S3 & S2 NCOs
Wargaming
COA Development
Friendly and enemy ICONs
S3 & S2 NCOs
Wargaming
COA Development
Supplies (paper, markers, acetate, etc.)
S3 OPS NCO
Wargaming
COA Development
Imagery (if available or applicable), TERRABASE II products
S3 & S2 NCOs
Wargaming
COA Development
Task organization chart Reference library (CD or paper)
S3 OPS NCO
Wargaming
COA Development
© Battle Command Training Center (BCTC) Fort Leavenworth, KS 66027-2346
Staff NCOs
Throughout MDMP
Mission Receipt
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ARNG POCKET PLANNING GUIDE MDMP Step 1 – Mission Receipt The MDMP begins with receiving or anticipating a new mission. This can come from an order issued by higher headquarters or be derived from an ongoing operation. When a new mission is identified, commanders and staffs perform the process actions and produce the outputs shown in the following graphic. Note the process actions in the diagram. Input-Process-Output Diagram (Mission Receipt) Mission from higher HQ or deduced by CDR & staff Higher HQ plan, OPORD, or WARNOs
Inputs
Receipt Of Mission
Initial operational timeline CDR’s initial guidance Initial WARNO
Outputs
Process Ops section alerts staff Ops section alerts staffwho participates Unit SOP identifies Unit SOP identifies who participates
Higher HQ order or plan and ops graphics Higher order Maps HQ of the AO or plan and ops graphics Maps thehigher AO HQ SOPs Ownofand Own and higher HQ SOPs Appropriate FMs Appropriate FMs Current staff estimates Current estimates Others staff as required by the mission Others as required by the mission
Begun immediately Begun immediately Continuous throughout operations process Continuous throughout operations process How updates affect COA development How updates affect COA development
Alert the staff Gather tools Update estimates Conduct initial assessment
Time from mission receipt to msn execution Tim e from mission receipt to units msn execution Time needed by HQ & sub to plan & prepare Tim e needed HQ & sub units to plan & prepare Current IPBbyproducts available Curre IPB products available Staffntestimates current, need updating Staff estimates needcritical updating Time requiredcurrent, to position elements for Ops Tim to position criticalrest, elements Staeffrequired experience, cohesiveness, stressfor Ops Staff experience, cohesiveness, rest, stress
Includes… Includes… Initial timeline Initial timeline Abbreviate the MDMP? Abbreviate the MDMP? Required coordination Required coordination Initial surveillance & reconnaissance Initial surveillance & reconnaissance Authorized movement Authorized Additionalmovement staff tasks Additional staff planning tasks Collaborative Collaborative planning
As a minimum… AsType a minimum… of operation Type of operation General location of operation General location of operation Initial Ops timeline Initial Ops Recon andtimeline surveillance begin Recon and surveillance Movements to initiate begin Movements to initiate Collaborative planning sessions Collaborative planning sessions
Commander’s Initial Guidance One of the most important outputs of the “Receipt of Mission” process is the commander’s initial guidance. The commander should focus the staff by visualizing where he thinks the decisive terrain is and what will be the decisive operation. He may also discuss shaping operations, but it is not critical at this point. The commander’s initial guidance should address the following: Friendly / Enemy COAs to consider CCIR Identification of decisive terrain and decisive operation ISR guidance Reconnaissance guidance Deception guidance (if any) Fire support guidance and EFSTs Mobility and counter-mobility / survivability guidance Air Defense guidance NBC protective posture risk Combat support and service support priorities © Battle Command Training Center (BCTC) Fort Leavenworth, KS 66027-2346
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ARNG POCKET PLANNING GUIDE Friendly COAs to consider IO considerations Time plan Type of order to prepare Type of rehearsal to conduct Sample Commander’s Guidance Checklist
COMMANDER’S GUIDANCE WORKSHEET OPORD NO. UNIT HQ DTG CDR’S SIGNATURE CDR’S Intent: Key Tasks: End State: Guidance: Decisive Points: Battlefield visualization – Phasing / timing of operations using battlefield framework and considerations for priorities and desired effects. Highlight those that are appropriate: INTEL: ISR Intelligence Maneuver Aviation FS
CA PSYOP PAO JMC Deception
M/CM/S ADA CSS C2 MP
INFO OPS: For military leaders For civilian leaders Non-Governmental Organizations (NGO) Other
Risk assessment / mitigation CCIR COAs to consider CSM Focus
FORCE PROTECTION: Fratricide prevention Weapons control status / THREATCON Force protection level NBC posture Safety
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Time plan Type order Type rehearsal
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ARNG POCKET PLANNING GUIDE Sample Actions After Receipt of Mission ACTION
WHO
Alert staff of pending planning requirement.
S3
Gather tools for mission analysis.
STAFF
Provide staff copies of higher headquarters’ base operations order and appropriate annex(es). Brief commander and staff on mission, instructions, and developments. Conduct commander and staff initial assessment.
S3 S3 / XO
Determine IPB requirements.
CDR STAFF S2
Determine initial allocation of available time.
S3
Refine initial reconnaissance requirements.
S2/S3
Complete Reconnaissance and Surveillance Order and Intelligence Summary. Develop initial planning and operational timelines.
S2/S3 S3
Conduct Mission Analysis briefing to the commander.
STAFF
Prepare and issue Warning Order #2 per planning timeline with Reconnaissance and Surveillance order and Intelligence Summary. Receive and log subordinate and supporting units’ acknowledgment of Warning Order #2. Receive commander’s initial guidance consisting of… ♦ Initial time allocation. ♦ LNOs to dispatch. ♦ Authorized movement. ♦ Any additional tasks.
S3
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S3 STAFF
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Inputs
Process
Perform Mission Analysis
9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17.
Can be staff’s recommended msn statement Can be staff’s recommended msn statement Can be modified version of staff recommendation Can be modified version of staff recommendation Can be commander-developed Can be commander-developed
Msn and intent of higher and next higher HQ Msn and intent of higher and next higher HQ Msn, CDR’s intent, OP concept, deception plan Msn, CDR’s intent, OP concept, deception plan & objectives & objectives Review of CDR’s guidance Review of CDR’s guidance Initial IPB products, M COO, SITEM PS Initial IPB products, M COO, SITEM PS Pertinent facts & assumptions Pertinent facts & assumptions Specified, implied, essential tasks Specified, implied, essential tasks Constraints Constraints Forces available Forces available Initial risk assessment Initial risk assessment Recommended CCIR Recommended CCIR Recommended time lines Recommended time lines Recommended restated mission Recommended restated mission Recommended collaborative planning sessions Recommended collaborative planning sessions
W ho will execute the mission W ho will execute the mission W hat are the essential tasks W hat are the essential tasks W hen w ill the operation begin W hen will the operation begin W here will the operation occur W here will the operation occur W hy conduct the operation W hy conduct the operation
Time needed to accomplish essential tasks Time needed to accomplish essential tasks Compare OP time line w/ enemy timeline Compare OP time line w/ enemy timeline Determine windows of opportunity Determine windows of opportunity Briefings Briefings Collaborative planning sessions Collaborative planning sessions rehearsals rehearsals
AOs for surveillance & reconnaissance AOs for surveillance & reconnaissance Mission statement Mission statement Provisions for com, log, and fire support Provisions for com, log, and fire support Task organization Task organization Recon objective Recon objective CCIR, PIR, and IR CCIR, PIR, and IR LD / LC time LD / LC time Initial NAIs Initial NAIs Routes to AO, passage of lines instructions Routes to AO, passage of lines instructions FSC & airspace control measures FSC & airspace control measures Provisions for MEDEVAC Provisions for MEDEVAC
Must be understood by subordinates two echelons down Must be understood by subordinates two echelons down Must be brief and clear Must be brief and clear In narrative or bullet form In narrative or bullet form Not exceed five sentences Not exceed five sentences
Developed from CDR’s vision Developed from CDR’s vision Focuses on COA development, analysis, Focuses on COA development, analysis, and comparison and comparison Focuses on essential tasks Focuses on essential tasks Includes priorities for all BOSs Includes priorities for all BOSs Addresses: Addresses: The decisive operation The decisive operation Specific COAs & priority Specific COAs & priority Initial CCIR Initial CCIR Surveillance & reconnaissance Surveillance & reconnaissance Risk Risk Military deception Military deception Fires Fires Mobility & countermobility Mobility & countermobility Security measures Security measures Time plan Time plan Type of order Type of order Collaborative planning Collaborative planning Movements to initiate Movements to initiate Type of rehearsal Type of rehearsal Additional priorities for CS& CSS Additional priorities for CS& CSS
Determine the initial ISR plan Update operational timelines W rite the unit mission statement Deliver the mission analysis briefing Approve the unit mission statement Develop the initial CDR’s intent Issue CDR’s planning guidance Issue a warning order Review facts and assumptions
• M ission analysis briefing • Initial IPB • Enemy SITEM Ps • M COO Outputs • HVTs • Restated mission • Initial CDR’s intent • CDR’s planning guidance • W arning order
New facts may alter assumptions New facts may alter assumptions M ay require re-analysis of the mission May require re-analysis of the mission Assumptions may become facts Assumptions may become facts Assumptions may have become invalid Assumptions may have become invalid
Contains: Contains: Approved mission statement Approved mission statement Task org changes Task org changes Attachments / detachments Attachments / detachments CDR’s intent CDR’s intent AO sketch, overlay AO sketch, overlay CCIR, PIR, FFIR CCIR, PIR, FFIR Risk guidance Risk guidance Surveillance & recon instructions Surveillance & recon instructions Initial movement instructions Initial movement instructions Security measures Security measures Deception guidance Deception guidance Mobility & countermobility Mobility & countermobility guidance guidance Specific priorities Specific priorities Updated time line Updated time line Collaborative events, rehearsal Collaborative events, rehearsal guidance guidance
1. Analyze the Higher HQ’s order 2. Perform initial IPB 3. Determine specified, implied, and essential tasks 4. Review available assets 5. Determine constraints 6. Identify critical facts & assumptions 7. Perform risk assessment 8. Determine IR and initial PIR, FFIR, and CCIR
Determine IR w ith stated priority in planning & decision making Determine IR with stated priority in planning & decision making Determine friendly information needed by CDR & staff about forces available Determine friendly information needed by CDR & staff about forces available Determine information required by CDR that dictates successful msn execution Determine information required by CDR that dictates successful msn execution
Identifying, assessing, and controlling risks Identifying, assessing, and controlling risks M aking decisions that balance risk costs with mission benefits M aking decisions that balance risk costs with mission benefits
Known data concerning the situation Known data concerning the situation Supposition on the current situation Supposition on the current situation Expected conditions Expected conditions
Restrictions pled on the command by higher Restrictions pled on the command by higher Restrictions to freedom of action Restrictions to freedom of action
Additions & deletions to current task organization Additions & deletions to current task organization Support relationships Support relationships Status of units Status of units
Specified in higher order Specified in higher order Implied are required but not in higher order Implied are required but not in higher order Essential are mission success dependent Essential are mission success dependent
Define the battlefield environment Define the battlefield environment Describe the battlefield’s effects Describe the battlefield’s effects Evaluate the threat Evaluate the threat Determine threat COAs Determine threat COAs MCOO MCOO Enemy SITEMPs Enemy SITEMPs PIR PIR HVTs HVTs
CDR’s Intent CDR’s Intent Mission M ission Available assets Available assets Area of operations Area of operations Concept of operations Concept of operations Operational time line Operational time line
• Higher HQ plan or order • Higher HQ IPB • Updated staff estimates • Initial CDR’s guidance
ARNG POCKET PLANNING GUIDE
MDMP Step 2 – Mission Analysis
The process and products of mission analysis help commanders refine their situational understanding. Accurate situational understanding enables them to better visualize the operation. Mission Analysis consists of 17-tasks that are not necessarily performed sequentially. Note in the graphic below, the actions associated with the 17-process tasks of Mission Analysis.
Input-Process-Output Diagram (Mission Analysis)
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ARNG POCKET PLANNING GUIDE Preparation of a Mission Analysis Mission Analysis requires the entire battle staff to integrate their efforts to get ready for COA development. The TF XO will ensure total staff involvement and provide direction from the commander as required. The task force planning staff should automatically pursue the deliberate MDMP model unless the commander directs otherwise. During mission analysis what must be accomplished is see ourselves, see the terrain, and see the enemy. This helps accomplish the purpose of mission analysis – which is, to understand our tactical problem. Every mission analysis is unique to mission circumstances, higher headquarter’s guidance, and the TF commander’s intent, thus any commonuser example may be flawed in its representation of critical information required for your mission. However, preparation of the mission analysis follows a common design path. Following this design facilitates a comprehensive TF mission analysis. The preparation guidance that follows is provided as a quick reference guide. Note that the actions identified provide key results, many of which must be briefed to the commander at the conclusion of mission analysis. Mission analysis actions are not sequential. Preparing a Mission Analysis Preparing a Mission Analysis Take These Steps…
Achieve These Results…
Analyze the higher HQ order.
identification of the CDR’s intent identification of the Mission identification of the available assets identification of the area of operations identification of the concept of operations identification of the operation timelines horizontal and vertical nesting of units Record the above and use as a reference.
Begin your initial Intelligence of the Battlefield (IPB).
a description of the battlefield environment a description of the battlefield effects an evaluation of the threat a description of the enemy’s COAs a developed MCOO based on what you know developed enemy SITEMPs a list of primary information requirements (PIR) a list of high value targets (HVT).
Review the higher HQ order and determine those tasks that are specifies, implied, and essential.
tasks specifically stated in the order (specified) tasks that must be accomplished but are not in the order (implied) tasks that must be accomplished if the mission is to be a success.
Identify the assets available to the TF to accomplish the assigned mission.
identification of additions and/or deletions to the task organization identification of supporting assets (e.g., artillery) the current status of all TF units (e.g., equipment, personnel, etc.).
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ARNG POCKET PLANNING GUIDE
Take These Steps…
Achieve These Results…
Identify any constraints or restrictions that will affect the freedom of action the TF has for planning.
identification of higher HQs restrictions (e.g., boundaries, task organization, supporting assets, type and size of reserve, reconnaissance limitations, etc.).
Determine from all the task information available those pieces of information that may be considered facts and those that are best categorized as assumptions.
known / established information such as situation data, enemy and friendly dispositions, troops available, etc. (facts)
Identify any risks that must be managed to accomplish the mission.
identification of any hazards that may be encountered as a resul t of enemy presence (tactical risk)
assumed -to-be -true information that is judged valid and essential for planning such as weather, enemy threat capabilities, etc. (assumptions).
identification of other operational risks not considered tactical (accidental risks) determination of the impact of each hazard.
Take These Steps…
Achieve These Results…
Determine what information is required to successfully conduct the the required operation.
identification of all information requirements for the commander and staff to execute operations (IRs) identification of the IR that are most critical to planning and decision making (PIR) identification of the IR that are necessary for the forces available to support the operation (FFIR) identification of the IR the commander deems most important (CCIR)
Determine what the Intelligence, Surveillance, and reconnaissance plan should be based on information gaps found from review of the initial IPB so ISR assets can be tasked to begin the collection effort.
In the ISR plan address the as a minimum: AO assets will operate in the ISR tasks task organization reconnaissance objective identified CCIR and IR LD / LC NAIs routes to the AO passage of lines instructions if applicable fire support coordination measures airspace control measures medical evacuation provisions.
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ARNG POCKET PLANNING GUIDE
Take These Steps…
Achieve These Results…
As more information becomes available, update the planning timeline.
Address as a minimum: comparison of time needed to accomplish essential tasks with the time allocated by higher HQ subject, time, and location of CDR-required briefings times of collaborative planning sessions times, locations, and types of rehearsals.
Prepare a new (restated) mission statement for the unit based on the mission analysis that has been conducted.
Address as a minimum; who will execute the mission (Who) the units essential task (What) when the operation will begin or duration (When) where the operation will occur (Where) why the operation will occur (Why).
Brief the commander on the mission analysis that has been done.
(A sample briefing format is provided at the end of the mission analysis section of this guide.)
CDR approves the restated mission.
final unit mission.
Take These Steps…
Achieve These Results…
Obtain the commander’s intent to focus planning.
The commander’s intent prepared in either narrative or bullet form.
Obtain the commander’s planning guidance.
Written or oralCDR’s guidance that addresses: the decisive operation decisive point or points potential key decisions specific COAs (enemy & friendly) to consider and their priority initial CCIR surveillance and reconnaissance guidance risk military deception fires mobility and countermobility security measures BOS priorities operational time-line type of order to issue collaborative planning sessions to be conducted movements to initiate (including C2 nodes) type of rehearsal to conduct other information as deemed appropriate.
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ARNG POCKET PLANNING GUIDE Take These Steps…
Achieve These Results…
As soon as the commander provides his planning guidance, issue a WARNO to subordinate and supporting units.
WARNO that contains as a minimum: approved unit mission statement commander’s intent task organization changes attachments / detachments sketch or overlay of AO CCIR and EEFI risk guidance surveillance and reconnaissance instructions initial movement instructions security measures military deception guidance mobility and countermobility guidance specific priorities updated operational timeline guidance on collaborative events and rehearsals.
Periodically review the facts and assumptions that have been established.
identification of any new facts that may alter unit requirements identification of any assumptions that may have become facts assessment of any change.
Staff Officer Considerations A thorough mission analysis is crucial to planning. By having a thorough understanding of their unit (see yourself), the enemy (see the enemy), and the terrain (see the terrain), the Commander and staff can develop effective estimates and courses of action to accomplish the mission. Minimum staff officer considerations: Mission and intent of higher headquarters one and two levels up Specified, implied, and essential tasks Area of operations Area of interest (AO) Enemy situation and capabilities Critical facts and assumptions Status of subordinate units Weapon systems capabilities and limitations Status of available assets within their functional area or battlefield operating system (BOS) Constraints Risk considerations Time considerations © Battle Command Training Center (BCTC) Fort Leavenworth, KS 66027-2346
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ARNG POCKET PLANNING GUIDE Recommended commander’s critical information requirements (CCIR) and information requirements (IR). Recommended intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance (ISR) tasks. Knowing the steps that must be taken to accomplish a thorough mission analysis and the results and products of each of those steps is an important on-hand reference for the unit staff and commander. Examples of many of these products and step requirements are also valuable references. Following are examples organized in the context of “Seeing ourselves”, “Seeing the terrain”, and “Seeing the enemy.” Seeing Ourselves One of the most important tasks associated with analyzing the higher HQ order is identification of specified, implied, and essential tasks. Following are OPORD examples reflecting the location of these tasks. Finding Tasks in the OPORD 3. Execution. Commander’s Intent a. Concept of the Operation (See Annex C – Ops
Implied Tasks
Overlay) (1) Scheme of Maneuver. BN defends to block enemy threat to prevent envelopment of the BDE main effort. (2)
Mission Essential Task
b. Tasks to maneuver units. (1) Security zone in place NLT H-24 (2) Complete refueling NLT H+26 (3) Establish liaison
(1) BN (2) BN (a) Be prepared to counterattack NET H+26 to protect flank of BDE. (b)
Specified Tasks
c. Tasks to Combat Support Units. d. Coordinating Instruction. (1) H-Hr is defined as enemy 1st echelon crossing PL GIANTS (2) BN defenses must be complete NLT 080800 ____. (3) MOPP 2 in effect on 080400 _____. (4)
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ARNG POCKET PLANNING GUIDE An important requirement when analyzing the higher HQ order is to establish horizontal and vertical nesting, not just for maneuver, but also for all combat and combat service support. Nesting, or the nested concept, means to achieve a unity of purpose whereby each succeeding echelon’s concept is nested in the other. Nesting Graphic X P: Prevent enemy penetration beyond PL Red T: O/O Block AA # 2a The battalion’s task and purpose is nested with the brigade’s task and purpose (it is the same)
II 1
ME
P: Prevent enemy penetration beyond PL Red T: O/O Block AA # 2a
Assets available include not only organic assets but also supporting units, such as artillery, aviation, engineers and intelligence. Additionally, it is important to understand the command and support relationships that are specified in the Task Organization paragraph or annex to the OPORD. Sample Decision Graphic of Assets Available The Battalion’s major combat and combat support assets: 2 x tank companies; 1 x mech company
1 x arty battery
1 x engineer company
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ARNG POCKET PLANNING GUIDE Available Assets Worksheet A/S3 AVN FSO ENG ADA
Unit
S1
Type / Equipment
S2
S4
MP
Availability (O/H – FMC)
CM
SIG PSY
CA
ALO
Capabilities / Limitations
MANEUVER (Armor / Infantry)
SUPPORTING AVIATION (Attack / Lift / Recon / EW / MEDEVAC)
FIRE SUPPORT(Arty tubes / NGF / CAS / COLTs / Q36)
COMBAT SUPPORT (EN / ADA / MI / MP / CM / others if key)
COMBAT SERVICE SUPPORT (MED SPT / SVC SPT / SUPPLIES)
Seeing the Terrain Seeing the terrain and enemy is accomplished through Intelligence Preparation of the Battlefield (IPB). Some of the IPB is done as soon as the staff receives the first warning order. IPB is a systematic, continuous process of analyzing threat and environment in a geographic area. It helps us see the terrain and the enemy. The S2 has staff supervision over IPB but all staff members have a part. In trying to see the terrain, build a Modified Combined Obstacle Overlay (MCOO) to put on the map of the AO. This overlay is constructed during step 2 of the IPB process--describe the battlefield effects. Following are graphic examples of the building (layering) process.
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ARNG POCKET PLANNING GUIDE Building a MCOO
VEGETATION
+
SURFACE DRAINAGE
+
OTHER OBSTACLES
=
COMBINED OBSTACLE OVERLAY
x
Severely Restricted
II PL
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ARNG POCKET PLANNING GUIDE
x Restricted
Unrestricted
II II
II
mobility corridors
I X
Severely Restricted
I
I
II
II
PL
x AA 1B
Restricted
Unrestricted
II
AA1
AA 1A
II AA1
K
EA 2 II
K +781
Severely Restricted
I X
EA 1 AA2
I
I
AA2
AA 2A
II
K
II AA 2B
PL
Seeing the Enemy Seeing the enemy is evaluating the threat. This is accomplished by analyzing current intelligence to determine how the threat normally organizes for combat and conducts operations under similar circumstances. This results in a doctrinal template that depicts how the threat may operate when unconstrained by the effects of the environment.
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ARNG POCKET PLANNING GUIDE Sample Enemy Template I
I
I
ENEMY TEMPLATE
Fire Sack
+
MCOO
=
I
I
I
SITEMP
Fire Sack
Sample Situation Template
x
FIXING FORCE
AA1 K
EXPLOITATION FORCE
K +781 ASSAULT FORCE
AA2
K
II PL
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ARNG POCKET PLANNING GUIDE Sample Event Template
x ATTACK TIMELINE ENTERING AO
H-24 DTG RECON
H-12 BTG RECON
H-15 FPs
H-Hour ASLT & FIXING FORCE
H+1 to H+3 BTG EXPL FORCE
NAI 2
H+2 to H+6 DTG EXPL FORCE
FIXING FORCE
NAI 1
AA1 K
EXPLOITATION FORCE
K +781
NAI 4 ASSAULT FORCE
AA2
NAI 3
H + 1130
H + 12 H + 1140
II
PL
K
PL
Commander’s Critical Information Requirements (CCIR) The BN Commander stipulates those information requirements that he deems critical in both training and in combat. Information concerning these requirements must be reported immediately to the BN Commander so they may be used to make critical decisions. These items help to focus the efforts of the staff and subordinate units, assist in the allocation of resources, and assist in the making of timely staff recommendations. These CCIR should be limited to ten-or-less items to enhance comprehension. The CCIR will be expressed in three categories: Priority Intelligence Requirements (PIR) – information about the enemy. (How I See the enemy) Essential Elements of Friendly Information (EEFI) – information needed to protect friendly forces from the enemy’s information-gathering systems. (How I prevent the enemy from seeing me) Friendly Forces Information Requirements (FFIR) – information about the capabilities of friendly units. (How I see myself)
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ARNG POCKET PLANNING GUIDE Commander’s Interest Items (standing information requirements for the BN Commander) Loss of sensitive item Serious injury / illness of soldier (training) Red Cross Message (training) Severe weather forecast; significant weather change that affects operations Change in color of combat power of any platoon-sized force in the BN TF Loss of communications with BDE or subordinate companies for more than one hour WIA / KIA / MIA of company commander Change to time of critical event in BDE/BN operation Visit by member of Division or BDE command group Logistic / personnel problem that significantly affects operations ISR Planning Considerations and Building a Collection Plan Intelligence, Reconnaissance, and Surveillance (ISR) planning is arguably one of the most difficult tasks that the staff has to accomplish. Developing a battalion collection plan is a sequential process as shown in the following diagram. Developing a Battalion Collection Plan Battalion Collection Plan Final Plan Ingredients 6
5
2
Consider Assets
Prioritize IR into CCIR, RFIs, Intel Reqs
Develop a Collection Strategy 4
Select CCIR, RFIs, Intel Reqs
3
1 Determine Information Requirements
Developing the ISR collection plan requires the input of the entire staff. While there are numerous battalion tasks where staffs may have a choice as to when they are initiated and not worry about the sequence in which they are accomplished, developing a collection plan is not one of them. Development is “first things first,” and each development piece builds on the next. The following checklist is intended to assist staffs with the building sequence for a battalion collection plan. While the worksheet checklist is comprehensive and in consonance with doctrine, it is not all© Battle Command Training Center (BCTC) Fort Leavenworth, KS 66027-2346
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ARNG POCKET PLANNING GUIDE inclusive. Battalion staffs should consider the checklist as a starting point for the level of detail the commander may require.
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2
___ Consider Assets: ___ Availability? ___ Capability? ___ Vulnerability? ___ Performance history?
___ Determine IRs: ___ How important? ___ Where are we in the battle? ___ How much collection time do we have? ___ Type collectors available?
5
1
6
___ Determine Requirements: ___ IRs: ___ Done during MA ___ Answers questions about terrain & enemy ___ Lists information needed to complete the plan ___ Lists information needed to execute the fight smoothly ___ Specified tasks ___ From higher HQ ___ Listed during MA ___ Specific request for intelligence / information ___ Received from subordinate or higher units ___ Specified information ___ Based on MA ___ Confirms / denies SITEMP
___ Final Plan Ingredients: ___ ISR Assets: ___ Scout PLT? ___ MI assets? ___ GSR? ___ Maneuver companies? ___ FISTs? ___ Colts? ___ Radars? ___ Other? ___ CDR’s ISR Guidance: ___ Priority? ___ Focus? ___ Tempo? ___ Engagement criteria? ___ Event or Timeframe to Answer IR?
___ Select PIRs: ___ From original list of IRs? ___ Supports single tactical decision (fires or maneuver)? ___ Ask only one question. ___ Focused on a specific fact, event, or activity? ___ Linked to NAI and LTIOV? ___ Addresses post-mission analysis CDR’s guidance? ___ List in descending order. ___ Focused, specific? ___ Directly related to friendly decision. to be executed during COA?
___ Develop a Collection Strategy: ___ Considerations: ___ Cueing ___ Redundancy ___ Mix ___ Integration
3
4
Developing Information Information Requirements Requirements (Building (Building Block Block Checklist) Checklist) Developing
ARNG POCKET PLANNING GUIDE
Collection Plan Development Checklist
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PL O RANGE
2
1
X
B1
B4
B5
PL TREE
OBJ FLUT E
OBJ HARP
(-)
PL BUSH
O BJ STRING
O BJ KNOCKOUT
LZ GR EEN
LZ YELLOW
TASK OR G:
B17
E/19 CAV T1: A rea Recon P1: ID/TGT DZ Force P2: ID/TGT PLTs OBJ HOR N P3: ID/TGT CAR
TF STEEL: T1: Observe NAI B1 P1: ID PLTs OBJ BA NJO P2: ID POP OBJ BA NJO P3: Refine prep & breachtgts T2: Observe NAI B5 P1: ID PLTs OBJ FLUTE T3: Observe NAI B4 P1: ID C AR
TF IR ON: T1: Observe NA I B2 P1: ID POP OBJ BLA ZERS P2: ID PLTs OBJ TR UMPET P3: Refine prep & breachtgts
TASK & PURPOSE: TF BR ONZE: T1: A rea Recon P1: ID/TGT DZ Force T2: Observe NAI B3 P1: ID/TGT PLTs OBJ HOR N P2: ID/TGT CAR
© Battle Command Training Center (BCTC) Fort Leavenworth, KS 66027-2346 = TM
= SCOUTS
= COLT
LD
B
A
1
X
2
I TM B
TM A
PL ROLLS
SCOUTS I TM A
TF STEEL
TF IRON II
-1
-2
G4
G2
G6
Upon receipt of the brigade
OBJ BAT
COLT 2: T1: Observe NAI G2 P1: ID / TGT forces
COLT 1: T1: Observe NAI G1 P1: ID / TGT forces
TM B: T1: TGT forces in zone P1: ID/ TGT forces VIV PL ROYCE T2: Observe NAI G2 P1: ID TGT OBJ W alk T3: Observe NAI G6 P1: ID / TGT forces
TM A: T1: Observe NAI G1 P1: ID/ TGT forces VIV PL ROYCE T2: Observe NAI G4 P1: ID TGT OBJ HIT T3: Observe NAI G6 P1: ID / TGT forces
Scouts: T1: Zone recon P1: ID/ TGT forces T2: Observe NAI G3 P1: ID TGT OBJ BOY T3: Observe NAI G4 P1: ID / TGT forces
TASK & PURPOSE:
order, considering ISR assets available, and receiving the CDR’s guidance, the battalion’s ISR concept or COA may look like this.
After reviewing the brigade
OPORD, Annex L (Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance), the higher HQ ISR concept sketch may look like this.
OBJ BALL
PL BLACK
OBJ HIT
OBJ W ALK
PL ROYCE
G1
OBJ BOY
G3
The battalion’s ISR concept is to conduct reconnaissance and surveillance operations in sector to PL BLACK IOT locate enemy positions and obstacles in VIC / on OBJs BOY / HIT / W ALK. Reconnaissance objectives are to determine disposition of enemy forces VIC designated objectives and support targeting for artillery. The battalion’s ISR focus is (in order): 1) TM A (NAIs G1 , G4, G6, forces VIC PL ROYCE, TGT OBJ HIT ), 2) TM B (NAIs G2 , G6, forces VIC PL ROYCE, TGT OBJ W alk ), 3) Scouts (NAIs G3 , G4, zone recon, TGT OBJ BOY).
CSS: 2 D OS CLI, 5qts water each, CA SEVA C to LZ for O/O extraction Or link-up with parent TF
PL SWEEP
OBJ BA NJO
B2
O BJ TRUMPET
B3
OBJ HORN
PL BRO OM
TF STEEL
TF IRO N II
TF BRO NZE II TF IRON
Fire Support: POF: COLTs; TF 1-122 Scts; E/23 CAV ; TF 3-122 Scts w/COLTs; TF 2-122 Scts (w/COLTs)
PL M OP
X 2
1-19CAV
R ECON OBJEC TIVES: 1. Disposition of D Z Force 2. Com bined Arm s Reserve (C AR ) 3. Disposition of enem y platoons in OBJ HORN , TRUM PET, BA NJO, and FLUTE 4. Supporting Artillery 5. CA R C ATK
ASLT PSN CAT
ASLT PSN M OUSE
C2: Prim ary: SC/TACSA T to SABER 6 Alt: FM (FH/C T) H 509. SC C UE net is IAW SOI. C2 Node: TEAM REC ON
PL OAK
AA DOG
PL BIRCH (LD)
MISSION: Upon arrival in A A Dog 2nd BCT elem ents conduct local security patrols to locate and destroy SPF team s and provide force protection. NET 292130 FEB 03, 2nd BCT conducts reconnaissance and security operations in sector to PL OAK to identify and locate enem y positions and obstacles in/on OBJ JAZZ/ BLAZERS/K INGS/SONICS.
Appendix 4 (ISR Sketch) to A nnex L (ISR) to 2/52 ID (M ) OPORD02-2 04
S3 S2 FSO S1 or S4 S6 Scout PLT Ldr Engineer ADA Other?
ISR COA Checklist: ___ Allocate assets from most to least important IRs. ___ Determine sequence in which IRs should be answered. ___ Determine IRs that are secondary and will not be answered. ___ If possible, determine necessary routes ISR assets will take. ___ Integrate BOS slices. ___ Determine C2. ___ Determine CSS. ___ Determine fire support.
___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___
Pull together a battalion ISR Planning team:
ARNG POCKET PLANNING GUIDE
The following diagram provides a sample ISR concept sketch, COA statement, planning team composition, and COA checklist.
ISR Plan Development Diagram
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ARNG POCKET PLANNING GUIDE Sample ISR Cycle
ISR Operations
Commander
S2 Section
S3 Section
Actions Prior to Movement of ISR Assets Initial guidance for ISR operations PIR approval General enemy situation Initial collection plan with ISR overlay Initial PIR Designate recon objectives Plan for mixing and redundancy of ISR assets Post products on TOCLAN Identify initial targets for SEAD Higher headquarters mission, intent, concept Adjacent unit mission Define AO ISR mission statement Confirm recon objectives with S2 LD/LC time Submit ISR plan
Recon Pull (Develop Information/Answer Assumptions) Additional guidance for ISR operations Refine guidance Refine enemy situation Complete enemy SITEMPs Request updated Black, Grey, White list Refine Association Matrix Refine Event Matrix Nominate targets with FSO Queue assets as needed or directed by Cdr Pos t updates to TOCLAN Commander’s intent for ISR operations Initial CCIR Update timeline Refine/execute extraction plan Refine/execute re-constitution plan Post updates to TOCLAN
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Recon Push (Confirm/Deny COA)
Update ISR Taskings (FRAGO)
Approve CCIR updates Refine guidance
Refine guidance for FRAGO
Confirm/Deny ECOAs Refine collection plan Update PIR Update ECOA for wargaming Queue assets as needed or directed by Cdr Post updates to TOCLAN Publish INTSUM Nominate/update targets based on updated ECOA
Refine enemy situation Update P IR Update collection plan Assign new NAIs and recon objectives
Determine any re-tasking to subordinate units Refine CSS operations supporting ISR Update CCIR Update timeline Refine/execute re-constitution plan
Update and/or change ISR Mission Update friendly COA - base on adjusted ECOA Issue FRAGO
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ARNG POCKET PLANNING GUIDE Sample ISR Cycle (continued)
ISR Operations
FSO
CHEMO
S5
Medical PL
Logistics Planner
S6
LNOs
Actions Prior To Movement of ISR Assets Task organization Routes to AO FPOL Initial CCIR Post products to TOCLAN Identify fire support coordination measures Identify initial targets (SEAD for air insertions) Identify NBC recon assets available Assist S2 in identifying NBC threat (include industrial chemicals if in urban environment) Determine civil considerations for ISR (i.e. If ISR asset encounters civilians) Identify CASEVAC assets available Identify CSS assets available Determine supply and re supply plan Determine re constitution plan Identify comm o problems and recommend resolutions Get copy of BCT ops and ISR overlay
Recon Pull (Develop Information/Answer Assumptions)
Recon Push (Confirm/Deny COA)
Update ISR Taskings (FRAGO)
Post updates to TOCLAN
Nominate Targets with S2 Assign NFAs
Refine targets based on updated ECOA
Update targets Assign new NFAs
Refine N BC reconnaissance plan
Update S2 and S3 on Civil Military considerations for ISR Refine CASEVAC plan Refine/execute re-supply plan Refine/execute re-constitution plan
Refine/execute re-supply plan Refine/execute re-constitution plan
Concept of signal support to ISR operations
Refine signal plan
Provide BCT with TF ISR plan
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Plan for signal support of new ISR mission Provide BCT with TF ISR FRAGO
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ARNG POCKET PLANNING GUIDE Sample Mission Analysis Worksheet Staff Section: (circle one)
S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 FSO ADA ENG _______
DTG:
Prepared by: Assumptions:
Facts:
From: Tasks:
S I E Task to:
From: Constraints:
Information Requirements (IR):
PIR EEFI FFIR CCIR
Tactical
Risks:
Combat Power / Personnel Status Team
Overall strength % ___
Critical shortages
Accidental
Combat Power / Personnel Status Element
Overall strength % ___
Critical shortages
Notes:
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ARNG POCKET PLANNING GUIDE Sample Mission Analysis Briefing Format
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ARNG POCKET PLANNING GUIDE
MDMP Step 3 - Course of Action Development After receiving the restated mission, commander’s intent, and commander’s planning guidance, the staff develops COAs for the commander’s approval. Note the required process actions in the following graphic. Input-Process-Output Diagram (COA Development) • • • • •
Restated mission CDR’s intent CDR’s planning guidance Staff estimates & products Enemy COAs (event templates)
Input s
Conduct COA Development
• Updated staff estimates • COA statements & sketches • COA briefing • Refined CDR ’s guidance
Output s
Process 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Assess tangible factors (equipment, etc.) Assess intangible factors (morale, enemy will, etc.) Considers METT -TC Compares Friendly strengths & weaknesses Determines force ratios Compares enemy strengths & weaknesses
Brainstorming is preferred technique Determine doctrinal requirements for operation Consider possibilities created by attachments Start with decisive operations in CDR ’s guidance Consider shaping operations Determine sustaining operations Determine essential tasks for each operation
Analyze relative combat power Generate options Array initial forces Develop the initial concept of operations Assign HQ Develop COA statements & sketches
Consider higher CDR ’s intent and concept Consider unit msn statement & CDR ’s intent & guidance Consider air & ground avenues of approach Consider multiple enemy COAs Determine relative combat power Determine FEBA or LD Consider deception operations Array friendly forces Array ground forces two levels down
Covers: Who (task org) What (tasks) When Where How Why ( subordinate unit purpose) Significant hazards Array of generic forces Control measures
Concept includes: Purpose of operation Where CDR will accept risk ID of critical friendly events Designation of decisive operation Designation of shaping operation Designation of sustaining operation Designation of reserve ISR operations Security operations Maneuver options Location of engagement areas and objectives Subordinate A Os Concept of fires IO concept of support Prescribed formations or dispositions BOS priorities Obstacle, fire, and maneuver integration WMD consideration
Create task organization Consider types of assigned units Consider span of control Consider entire battlefield organization
As you begin COA development, consider the following preparation: Assemble tools, determine players, fix and enforce timeline (have interim time hacks) Ensure the standard for expected products and outcomes are known – one person (S3/XO) in charge of each or all COA Have CDR’s intent visible – key tasks must be achieved Have a ‘focused group’ of about 2 (XO & S3, S3 & A/S3) spend a few minutes to draft a COA through Step 2, Generate Options, and then have other staff join in to refine and integrate other BOS. ‘COA Development by committee’ is generally dysfunctional if everyone starts together from scratch Start with the ‘picture story’ first and then the words. A ‘working sketch’ and later a overlay, followed by a COA statement A COA requires brain-storming and a willingness to go back, revise and proceed by applying new ideas to previous steps at any time. BUT, it’s not a wargame Get back to the map, don’t lose sight of terrain. © Battle Command Training Center (BCTC) Fort Leavenworth, KS 66027-2346
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ARNG POCKET PLANNING GUIDE Step 1. Analyze relative combat power. Requires applying both military art and science; must assess tangible factors (weapons systems, units) and intangible factors (morale, training levels, etc) Includes determining force ratios and comparing friendly and enemy strengths and weaknesses: Friendly capabilities that pertain to the operation Type of operations possible from friendly and enemy perspective Enemy vulnerabilities Friendly vulnerabilities Additional resources that may be required to execute mission Allocation of existing resources
Rough estimate of force ratios at least 2-levels down Planners do not develop and recommend COAs based solely on mathematical force ratios; while useful, force ratios do not include the environmental and human factors of warfare Analyze intangible aspects of combat power; by comparing friendly strengths vs. enemy weaknesses (& vice versa), planners may deduce vulnerabilities of each force that can be exploited or need protected Combine the numerical force ratio with the results of the analysis of intangibles to determine the relative combat power (RCP) of friendly and enemy forces Determine what types of operations are feasible by comparing the force ratio with the historical minimum planning ratios and estimating to what extent the intangible factors affect the RCP. Sample Analysis of Relative Combat Power ENEMY STRENGTHS: M: HIGHLY MOBILE F: TANKS P: DUG IN L: SIMPLE T-P I: SPF/BW/LOCALS
FRIENDLY WEAKNESS: M: FO OT FOO T MOBILE F: ORGANIC FS 81mm P: VULNERABLE INDIRECT L: INE XPERIENCE INEX PERIENCE I: LON G LOCs LONG
ENEMY WEAKNESS: WEAKNESS: M: TIED TO BPS F: FIELDS OF FIRE P: ASSAIL FLANKS L: DISPERSED C2 I: FM RELIANT
FRIENDLY STRENGTHS: M: ALL TERRAIN F: DS/GS FA P: COMPLEX TERRAIN L: INITIATIVE I: LCT/MI CO
GENERAL FACTORS-COMPARE ABOVE AND ANSWER “SO WHAT?” FOR EACH SIGNIFICANT FACTORS (TTP YOU CAN APPLY IN COA): DEFEAT DZ E ARLY EARLY MAXIMIZE USE OF TRUCK AND AIR MOVEMENT EARLY EYES ON OBJ, AT AMBUSH VS TK RSV ENVELOP REAR/INTERIOR REAR/INTERIOR FLANKS CONSIDER MOBILE RESERVE MAKE ENEMY FIGHT TWO DIRECTIONS SAME TIME
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ARNG POCKET PLANNING GUIDE Step 2. Generate Options. Based on Cdr’s guidance and the results of RCP analysis, the staff generates options for COAs. A good COA can defeat all feasible enemy COAs. Commanders usually limit the options in Cdr’s guidance Brainstorm to generate options. Staff members must be open-minded in evaluation of COAs and quickly identify COAs that are not feasible due to factors in their functional areas Determine doctrinal requirements for each operation considered. For instance, a deliberate breach operation requires a breach force, support force, and an assault force. Consider possibilities created by attachments Start with the decisive operation identified in Cdr’s planning guidance. Determine the decisive operation’s purpose and consider ways to mass effects to achieve it Consider shaping operations. Establish a purpose for each one that is tied to creating or preserving a condition for the decisive operation’s success. Determine Sustaining Operations necessary to create and maintain combat power required for decisive and shaping operations After developing basic organization for a given COA, determine the essential tasks for each decisive, shaping, and sustaining operation Examine each COA to determine if it satisfies the COA screening criteria. Change, add, or eliminate COAs as appropriate Avoid the common pitfall of presenting one good COA among several “throwaway” COAs. Step 3. Array Initial Forces. The commander and staff array forces by backward planning from the end state to initiation of the operation The following steps guide the process: Based on the generated options determine: • The purpose of each effort • Task(s) required by each effort to accomplish this purpose • Initial EFSTs • Timing and sequence of actions Consider requirements for reconnaissance, security, and reserve Determine the number and type forces required by each effort to accomplish its task(s) Allocate combat power to each operation based on assigned tasks, enemy situation, terrain, and the commander’s stated level of risk. Combat power is allocated starting with the main effort and continuing through supporting efforts. General guidelines include: • Array company sized maneuver groupings • Allocate the type force required by each operation that maximizes the capabilities of each type force
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ARNG POCKET PLANNING GUIDE • •
Allocate the minimum combat power necessary for supporting efforts (shaping operations) Weight the main effort (decisive operation) with sufficient combat power to ensure it is capable of achieving overwhelming mass and effects against the enemy.
Arraying Initial Forces Do This… Determine forces to accomplish the mission 1ST: Determine ratio of forces considering entire operational framework Start with mission essential tasks focused at DP/Decisive Operation (from last step) 2ND : Array forces two levels down for main and then supporting efforts Generic ground forces along with considerations of combat multipliers Identify resource shortfalls
Remember… NOW TURN COAs OVER TO STAFF “TEAMS” TO FINISH, BUT, XO/S-3 REMAIN IN CHARGE! RATIOS ARE STARTING POINTS ONLY! WILL BE ADJUSTED IN LATER STEPS OF COA DEVELOPMENT IDENTIFY OTHER ESSENTIAL TASKS THAT SUPPORT DECISIVE, SHAPING, SUSTAINING OR DEEP, CLOSE & REAR OPERATIONS
DO NOT FORGET ISR TASKS!
Start to mitigate shortfall in forces available by considering: What forces can do multiple tasks Re-tasking to achieve similar or same purposes with less force Assume risk and / or mitigate with combat multipliers Request additional resources. Step 4. Develop COA Statement / Initial Concept of Operations. Concept of Operations describes how arrayed forces will accomplish the mission within the Cdr’s intent Staff develops a concept of operations for each COA Simultaneous operations are preferred, allowing commanders to seize and retain initiative. If initial array of forces shows a shortfall, planners may phase the operation. Consider these factors: the skill and size of the opponent the size of the AO operational reach available joint support the scope of the mission the success of the decisive operation.
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ARNG POCKET PLANNING GUIDE Refine the initial array of forces by using graphic control measures to coordinate the operation and show relationship of friendly forces to one another, terrain, and enemy (During this step unit types are changed from generic to specific) Concept of the operation includes: the purpose of the operation a statement of where the commander will accept tactical risk identification of critical friendly events and transitions between phases designation of the decisive operation, along with its task and purpose designation of shaping and sustaining operations, along with their tasks and purposes, linked to how they support the decisive operation
designation of reserve, including its location, composition, task, and the purpose of ISR and Security operations Identification of maneuver options that may develop during an operation Location of engagement areas, or attack objectives and counterattack objectives Assignment of subordinate AOs Concept of fires IO concept of support including military deception Prescribed formations or dispositions, when necessary. Priorities for each BOS Integration of obstacle effects with maneuver and fires Consideration of the effects of enemy WMD on the force. Go back to the map. Create a picture visualization of the scheme of maneuver. When refined, it will become the operations overlay.
Apply Control Measures. Select control measures (graphics) to control subordinate units during the operation Base control measures on the array of forces and concept of operations Control measures clarify responsibilities and help commanders synchronize combat power at decisive points while minimizing fratricide risk Recommend minimum control measures needed to control the operation Control measures should not split avenues of approach or key terrain Leave space on the flanks of each AA to allow for maneuver and fires Phase lines may be used to trigger execution of branches and sequels. When developing the concept of operations, use any forces remaining from the initial array to weight the decisive operation, strengthen the reserve, or increase ISR operations.
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ARNG POCKET PLANNING GUIDE Step 5. Assign Headquarters. Create Task Organization Consider types of units to be assigned to a HQ and span of control (at least 2-subordinate maneuver units, but not more than five) Consider the entire battlefield organization Consider special command and control requirements for ops such as passage of lines, river crossing, or air assault. Step 6. Develop COA Statements and Sketches. COA Statement Clearly portray how the unit will accomplish the mission and explain the concept of operation Include mission and endstate Written in terms of battlefield organization Include ISR, fire support, and engineer concepts Address risk
COA Sketch Depict terrain Array the enemy Apply higher’s graphics Show concept of operation
Building the COA sketch. Step 1. Depict terrain
KE LA
O SI ES PR DE
N
N
GR
AV EL HIL LS
OPEL MTNS
• • • • •
Show key and decisive terrain Show significant changes in relief Show principle vegetated areas Show built-up areas Any other feature that plays a significant role in the scheme of maneuver BLACK MTNS
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ARNG POCKET PLANNING GUIDE Step 2. Array the enemy II I
KE LA
S ES PR DE
I
N IO
I
II
N
I I I
I
II I
I I
GR AV E
LH ILL S
OPEL MTNS BLACK MTNS
• Show known and templated elements • Depict enemy two levels down • Enemy array should resemble S2’s sit temp Step 3. Apply higher HQ graphics LOA (PL REAGAN)
II
O/O FEBA (PL CARTER)
N
I I
II
I
PL KENNEDY
I I I I
PL REAGAN
I
O/O FEBA (PL CARTER)
I X
OBJ FISH
X
II
X
KE LA
O SI ES PR DE
N
GR AV EL
PL HOOVER
I
BHO (PL GARFIELD) LD/LC (PL LINCOLN)
HIL LS
OPEL MTNS
X
PL KENNEDY BLACK MTNS
PL HOOVER
• Use all control measures from overlay BHO • Do not rename higher’s control measures(PL GARFIELD)
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LD/LC (PL LINCOLN)
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ARNG POCKET PLANNING GUIDE Step 4. Sample COA Statement and Sketch LOA (PL REAGAN)
O/O FEBA (PL CARTER)
II
I
OBJ I CAT
II
PL KENNEDY
I I
PL REAGAN
I I
GR AV E
X
I
X
OBJ FISH
II
O/O FEBA (PL CARTER)
N
I
X
KE LA ) N CK IO BA SS DE PRE D E CU (D
PL HOOVER
I
II
LH ILL S
BHO (PL GARFIELD) LD/LC (PL LINCOLN)
2-3 OPEL MTNS
X
PL KENNEDY BLACK MTNS
PL HOOVER
TF 2-3, as part of the Bde Decisive Operation, attacks in zone to breach the MDL and secure OBJ CAT to pass the Exploitation Force
BHO (PL GARFIELD)
LD/LC (PL LINCOLN)
Building the COA Statement. Have a logical flow Cover entire battlefield framework (close, deep, rear, security, shaping, or possibly sustaining) Include fire support and engineer concepts Address risk The COA sketch includes: Arrayed forces and graphic control measures Unit boundaries Unit movement formations FEBA or LD/LC and subsequent phase lines Reconnaissance and security graphics Ground and air axis of advance Obstacle control measures Fire support coordination measures Designation of the main effort and supporting effort Location of command posts Enemy known or templated locations Identifies key terrain
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ARNG POCKET PLANNING GUIDE Sample COA Briefing Format XO
S2
S3
S3 Plans Officer BOS CDR
S3 Plans Officer
Battle Captain XO
Roll Call Purpose and Agenda Brief changes only 1. Weather changes 2. Update most likely enemy COA 3. Threat evaluation Weather changes 4. Threat Evaluation 5. Update Most Likely Enemy COA 6. Update Most Dangerous Enemy COA 7. R&S Efforts and Results Division Mission and Intent (Chart) Brigade Mission & Intent (Chart) CDR’s Initial Planning Guidance Bullets (Chart) COA Statement and Sketch (Chart) Describe COA Brief by Exception Decision Intent Further Planning Guidance Prepare WARNORD #3 (See Appendix 34, 34A) If Necessary, Prepare R&S FRAGO Get Approval of WARNORD #3 and R&S FRAGO Issue WARNORD #3 and R&S FRAGO, if applicable. Ensure Acknowledgment Conduct Targeting Meeting
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ARNG POCKET PLANNING GUIDE
MDMP Step 4 - Course of Action Analysis (War gaming) COA Analysis allows the staff to synchronize the BOS for each COA and identify which COA best accomplishes the mission. This step is comprised of two parts: war-gaming and contingency planning. The war game is a disciplined process that attempts to visualize the flow of the battle, synchronize friendly assets/unit actions, and identify contingencies. If the commander is present for the war game, he will conduct contingency planning concurrently. If he is not, the S3 will do so immediately following the war game. Input-Process-Output Diagram (COA Analysis)
Staff estimates IPB (enemy COAs) COA Statement & sketch Supporting staff functional COAs
Inputs
Perform COA Analysis Process
General War-gaming Rules Remain objective. Avoid defending a COA just because you developed it. Remain objective. Avoid defending a COA just because you developed it. Accurately record advantages and disadvantages. Accurately record advantages and disadvantages. Continually assess feasibility, acceptability, and suitability of each COA. If a Continually assess feasibility, acceptability, and suitability of each COA. If a COA fails, reject it. COA fails, reject it. Avoid premature conclusions. Avoid premature conclusions. Avoid comparing one COA with another before you get to COA comparison. Avoid comparing one COA with another before you get to COA comparison.
Wargame results to include: Concept of Ops Outputs Sync matrix Ops overlay Decision spt template Task Org Updated CCIR
Gather the tools List all friendly forces List assumptions List known critical events & decision points Determine evaluation criteria Select the war game method Select a method to record & display results War-game the battle and assess results
War Game Methods The TF Planning Staff will utilize one of two different methods (Hasty and Deliberate) for conducting war gaming. The XO selects the method based on time available. Hasty Method. In the Hasty Method, discussion is limited to primary BOS representatives with input from various staff members limited to a "byexception" basis. The commander will provide direct input.
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ARNG POCKET PLANNING GUIDE Deliberate Method. The TF XO will utilize the Deliberate War Game Method with only a few key staff members required. The Deliberate Method will entail developing two or more courses of action, war gaming each separately and developing a consolidated staff recommendation for a single COA. The TF Commander will be present to provide specific guidance on one directed COA. If time permits, the plans team will analyze all critical events for that COA. Staff members only provide the priorities for their particular BOS as it pertains to the directed COA. This allows the staff to present the COA, war game it, and gain Commander's approval. Representation During Directed and Hasty War Game Methods POSITION Commander XO S3
DELIBERATE WAR GAME Guidance Facilitator Fights Blue Force
S2
Fights Most Likely ECOA and most dangerous ISR Operations Recorder Synch Matrix Priorities of CSS M/CS/S Priorities
ASST S3 S1 / S4 EN CO XO SIGO CHEMO MED PL ADO
HASTY WAR GAME Direct input Facilitator Fights Blue Force Fights Most Likely ECOA ISR Operations Recorder Synch Matrix Priorities of CSS M/CS/S Priorities Commo Plan & C2 By Exception By Exception By Exception
The TF XO moderates the war game, facilitates and focuses discussion, and resolves disputes to keep the war game on schedule. Prior to war-gaming a COA, the XO or S3 conducts a COA synchronization meeting. The synchronization meeting offers the planners the opportunity to lay out the courses of action to the entire battle staff, focusing on the critical actions identified in COA development. The S3 or assistant S3, armed with a COA statement and sketch, outlines the concept of operation and highlights any specific BOS requirements to make the COA feasible. Secondly, the meeting offers the battle staff the opportunity to make subsequent adjustments and refinements to the COA. Most importantly, it ensures the entire staff fully understands the COA before war gaming.
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ARNG POCKET PLANNING GUIDE War Game Techniques Determine how much time is available for the war game and ensure that this limit is observed. Allocate a specific amount of time for each COA. (Normally more for the first COA because of slower initial process). Conduct the war game according to the prioritized list of critical events within allotted timeline. War game critical events. Use a synchronization matrix or war game worksheet. Critical events are identified and war gamed by battlefield operating system, with four columns, headed: Action, Reaction, Counteraction, and Reaction. Action / Reaction / Counteraction (Friendly Offense): Action (assuming friendly forces have the initiative) Planner uses mission(s) or event(s) initiated by friendly forces. What additional assets are required or available to execute the action?
Reaction (Enemy Defense) S2 uses SITTEMP/event templates. Enemy's reaction in relation to friendly action. What assets did he use to react? Can we target them? Is the enemy reaction something we must counter? If the COA will counter the enemy reaction, no need to counter.
Counteraction How do we prevent or counter his reaction? If we can target the enemy's reaction, how do we target it? Decide, Detect, Deliver, Assess. Use combat, combat support, and combat service support assets to ensure mission accomplishment.
Action / Reaction / Counteraction (Friendly Defense): Action – S2 Reaction – S3 Counteraction – S2
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ARNG POCKET PLANNING GUIDE Sample Wargaming Procedures Gather the Tools/Assemble the Battle staff. Post the COA Statement and Sketch. (Note: A preferred technique is to supplement this with an overview sketch of each critical engagement for all COAs on a dry erase board with copy capability. Beneath each sketch, the assistant S3 lists critical battles/events and the S2 lists pertinent expected enemy activities associated with that engagement). Post the Initial (Draft) Commander's Intent and Commander's Guidance from Mission Analysis. Erect the war gaming table with map and tentative graphics. Gather the battle staff. Distribute copies of the COA statement and sketch (on one document if possible). Brief the Course of Action. S2 quickly reviews the SITTEMP and any pertinent intelligence updates. Planner briefs general concept of the operation. Planner briefs scheme of maneuver for each phase and / or critical engagement. Questions on Course of Action. The XO / S3 opens the floor for clarification of the COA. (This is NOT the time for BOS input; rather, it is a chance to ensure the plans team understands the COA before proceeding). BOS Input. XO / S3 queries each member of the battle staff to provide the following: Any suggested modifications to the COA Brief general concept on how his BOS will support the COA Alibi Time. Any member of the battle staff may address any issue pertinent to the COA not covered to their satisfaction to this point. Open the board up for BOS graphics input / analysis. The most critical phase of the war game is preparation. Following are some of the critical preparation responsibilities. TF S2 generates enemy OB, situational template at H-Hour, enemy movement rates, enemy objectives, enemy unit footprints, and most likely course of action. All enemy maneuver units are represented down to platoon equivalents (recon forces down to section level).
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ARNG POCKET PLANNING GUIDE The assistant S3 is responsible for friendly OB and initial lay down; movement plan and rates; COAs to be gamed; higher headquarters plans, limitations on the TF; resources; standard combat results charts; unit footprints; and means; fire and maneuver control measures; and, external force multipliers over time (CAS, deception, etc.). He assigns one officer the responsibility to record the results of the game on a synchronization matrix on which all friendly units are represented to platoon level. Obstacles and key control graphics are posted on the overlay. The Battalion Fire Support Officer (FSO) is responsible for developing essential fire support tasks to support the TF during the war game, organization for combat, basic loads and expenditure rates, ranges and movement data, target acquisition capabilities and priorities, munitions effects, unit footprints, and developing/recording artillery engagements for each turn. The Engineer Company XO is responsible for task organization, bridge and route capabilities, bridging and breaching units and capabilities, obstacle capacities and logistic supportability, route maintenance factors, etc. The TF S4 is responsible for the logistics footprint, general consumption factors for TAAs, movement of trains and TFSA, combat over time, logistics architecture, and critical shortfalls in special ammunition, supplies, or equipment. Have available examples of critical events and decision points in the offense: passage of lines; breaching of main obstacle belt; penetration; reaction to counterattack; seizing the objectives; BCT shaping operations, including use of artillery fires and attack helicopters. Have available examples of critical events and decision points in the defense: security operations; counter-reconnaissance fight; destruction of first echelon forces; destruction of follow-on forces; commitment of reserve; battle handover. The S2 identifies the enemy situation expected at the start of the war game. Unit locations, strengths, postures, and probable intents are specified. The specific enemy course of action to be wargamed is explained. The XO or S3 explains the anticipated status of the TF for the beginning of the game. He reviews the COA to be gamed, the technique to be used, the general time or event intervals for each belt, and the time allocated for the process. © Battle Command Training Center (BCTC) Fort Leavenworth, KS 66027-2346
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The game starts at the first reliably known start point for the task force, either in the TAA, defensive sector, or LD / LC. War Game Tools Map of AO Commander’s guidance Understanding of nesting concepts Battle staff assessment of how their assets best support a COA COA statement(s) and graphics Operational graphics overlay List of friendly forces available Enemy situational and event templates List of enemy reinforcing forces List of friendly critical events List of enemy critical events List of friendly decision points List of enemy decision points Friendly and enemy icons Synchronization matrix to record war game Tablet to record specified tasks for units, decision points, and strengths and weaknesses of each COA Alcohol-based markers, with eraser pen / alcohol & paper towels Blank piece of acetate placed over operations graphics for use as "scribble graphics" Imagery (as available / applicable) Task organization chart (updated during war game) Rules for Identification of Friendly Decision Points (DP): S3 announces "Friendly DP" Asst S3 assigns DP number Asst S3 identifies DP location and posts on map S2 identifies PIR linkage Asst S3 identifies EEFI/FFIR linkage S3 validates NAI-FAI linkage S2 identifies enemy criteria S3 identifies friendly criteria Staff validates friendly criteria Planning Staff conducts hasty war game of friendly reaction XO confirms and validates all aspects of the DP
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ARNG POCKET PLANNING GUIDE ROE for Identification of Enemy Decision Points (DP): S2 announces "Enemy Decision Point" S2 assigns DP number S2 identifies location of DP and posts on map S2 identifies enemy criteria S3 identifies friendly criteria Staff validates friendly criteria Staff conducts hasty war game of friendly reaction XO confirms and validates all aspects of the DP
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E xample Synchronization
© Battle Command Training Center (BCTC) Fort Leavenworth, KS 66027-2346
Sm oke build -up -tim up etim e O bscuration for support elem ent Suppression for breach elem ent O bscuration for breach elem ent M M ortar ortar platoon platoon positioning positioning O bservation plan
FSO FSO
M ovem ent rates Breach tim eline Actions on the objective Direct fire plan M ain effort comm itm ent Reserve comm itm ent
S3
Enem y repositioning Reserve comm itm ent Special m unitions use Obstacle locations Scout recon tim eline Reconnaissance operations
S2 S2
Example Staff Inputs
Projected supply status Projected personnel status Tentative AXP locations Tentative trains location Tentative m obile preposition / cache locations Casualty estim ate Non-standard CASEVAC plan Tentative CL III, IV, V point plan
S1 / S4
K nown decision points Critical events to be wargam ed PIR / NAI linkages
XO
SITEM P EVENTEM P ECO As on butcher paper EW assets baseline locations Tentative low-level voice Intercept (LLVI) locations Prevailing winds direction
S2
S3
Tentative RETRANS site Tentative CP jum p sites Redundancy plan
SIGO
Staff Inputs To Wargaming
COA state m ent / sketch Critical tim es Partially refined graphics Task organization chart Specified / im plied tasks FFIR A2C2 plan / CASEVAC routes Tasks / purposes from guidance
FSO
CHEM O Potential decon sites Decon augm entation Tem plated chem ical strikes Tentative FO X positioning
Engineer assets available Tentative breach sites Directed obstacles Tentative situational obstacles OBSINTEL focus
ENG
Tentative system s positions M ovem ent triggers Anticipated W CS changes
ADO
Essential fire support tasks from guidance Proposed observer plan H igher schem e of fires Targets fired by DS BN CAS sorties /projected ACAs CO LT positions Tentative m ortar locations H igh Payoff Target List (H PTL) Proposed critical friendly zones Proposed fire-shift triggers
ARNG POCKET PLANNING GUIDE
Staff Inputs to Wargaming
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ARNG POCKET PLANNING GUIDE Sample War Game Worksheet TIME OR CRITICAL EVENT SEQUENCE NUMBER ACTION REACTION COUNTER ACTION ASSETS TIME DECISION POINT CCIR CONTROL MEASURES REMARKS
Use one sheet per phase. Synchronization Matrix. Sample Synchronization Matrix TIME EVENT
H - ______
H - HOUR
H + ______
H + ______
ENEMY ACTION DECISION POINTS M A N E U V E R
TM A TM B TM C TM D FIRE SPT ADA AVN ENG INTEL CSS C2
NOTES
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ARNG POCKET PLANNING GUIDE Decision Support Matrix The Decision Support Matrix should contain certain basic elements. Decisions can be triggered by enemy activity or friendly status and are usually linked to NAIs (specific points on the ground where activity may be expected). For decisions linked to targeting, listing TAIs will focus planning. Conditions and friendly actions should be as specific as possible to ensure understanding of the decision and the information required to support it. Sample Decision Support Matrix DP
CCIR
NAI
PIR 1, 2
1, 3, 5
2
PIR 5
1, 3, 5
3
PIR 2, 3 FFIR 1
4a
TAI
Conditions
Friendly Action
Assault force identified on AA1, 2, or 3. Recon / Fix Force defeated.
Mass situational obstacle on AA. Consider repositioning combat power.
BTG FS assets located. Batteries in place for SEAD.
Attack enemy FS assets with FA & CAS.
1, 3, 5, 6
TF1 defeats Fixing Force; attrits Asslt Force; or TF at 70% combat power.
TF 1 RPOL. Attach PLT in contact to MBA CO (2 or 3). ME / POF to CO 2 or 3..
PIR 4
1, 2, 3, 7
Expl Force AA confirmed; west.
Reposition: attach 1 X PLT + AT SEC from CO 2 to CO 3.
4b
PIR 4
5, 6, 8
Expl Force AA confirmed; east.
Reposition: attach 1 X PLT from CO 1 to CO 2.
5
PIR 4 FFIR 3, 4
7, 8
Potential penetration of PL SILVER by CO+ or BN less than 60%.
Commit BN Reserve; attach to CO 2 or CO 3.
1 a/b/c
1, 3, 5
War Game Briefing Staff reviews the war game to ensure that the decision brief to the commander covers all relevant points. It is given to the XO, including: Higher headquarters mission, Commander’s intent, and deception plan Updated IPB Enemy COAs war gamed Friendly COAs war gamed Assumptions. War gaming technique used For each COA war gamed: Critical events war gamed Possible enemy actions and reactions Modifications to the COA Strengths and weaknesses Results of the war game
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Sample Briefing Order and Setup Briefing Order First: Intel update Friendly SITREP COA Overview Friendly Laydown: MACRO situation CP locations Friendly situation Enemy Laydown: MACRO Enemy situation Enemy BOS Friendly Action: Maneuver Intelligence Fires Mob / Surv ADO Airspace C3 CSS Chem CCIR Enemy Reaction: Reverse BOS Friendly Counter-action: BOS by exception Losses By BOS
Maps /Imagery 1:50,000 & Blowups
Briefing Charts
CDR Dry Erase Board Briefing Charts S1
ENG
XO
ASST S3
S4
S3
WARGAME MAP Horizontal / Elevated)
CHEMO
SCRIBE SCRIBE SYNC MATRIX S2
AD PL
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MED PL
S3 Scribe
Screen
FSO S6
Additional Seating
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ARNG POCKET PLANNING GUIDE
MDMP Step 5 - Course of Action Comparison COA comparison starts with all the staff members analyzing and evaluating the advantages and disadvantages of each COA from their perspectives. Staff members each present their findings for the other’s consideration. Using the evaluation criteria developed before the war game, the staff outlines each COA and highlights its advantages and disadvantages. By comparing the strengths and weaknesses of each COA, a logical choice emerges. Input-Process-Output Diagram (COA Comparison)
• War game results • Staff estimates
Inputs
Perform • Decision matrix Outputs COA • COA decision briefing Comparison
Process • Conduct a COA advantage & disadvantage analysis • Compare COAs • Develop a recommended COA
The selected COA should represent the highest probability of success against the most likely enemy COA and the most dangerous COA and: pose the minimum risk to the force and mission accomplishment place the force in the best posture for future operations provide maximum latitude for initiative by subordinates provide the most flexibility to meet unexpected threats and opportunities.
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MDMP Step 6 - Course of Action Approval COA Approval has three components. Input-Process-Output Diagram (COA Approval)
Three Components
Staff recommends a COA
Perform COA Approval
CDR decides which COA to approve
• CDR issues final planning guidance
Decision Matrix A Decision Matrix is a tool that helps the commander visualize the comparison results of the wargame. Sample Relative Value Decision Matrix Decision Matrix Courses of Action
Advantages
Disadvantages
resses the tive that add Brief Narra ntages of and disadva advantages ntified each COA ide
COA 1
COA 2
Evaluation Criteria to Consider (Discussion)
Course of Action Scoring COA 1
COA 1
COA 1
Casualty estimate Achieve CDR’s intent Effects of attachments ended to Employment of reserve tors. Not int Example fac ays Terrain obstacles be all -inclusive or alw applicable Fires effects
d or s” may be use “Plus -minu ring numerical sco
Force ratios Main Attack Supporting Attack
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ARNG POCKET PLANNING GUIDE Decision Briefing The purpose of the decision briefing is to allow the commander the benefit of the staff’s analysis of how the fight unfolds, a dispassionate analysis of the COAs war gamed, and the staff recommendation. While there are differences in the stated formats in FM 101-5 and FM 5-0, this purpose should be the constant factor influencing the format. Following are the listed formats in both FMs. FM101-5 Intent of higher headquarters Restated mission Status of own forces Updated intelligence estimate presentation of COAs Recommended COA FM 5-0 Enemy COA that were war-gamed Friendly COAs that were war-gamed Wargaming technique used For each COA war-gamed (critical events, possible enemy actions and reactions, modifications to the COA, strengths and weaknesses) Results of the war game
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ARNG POCKET PLANNING GUIDE Sample COA Decision Briefing
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MDMP Step 7 - Orders Production The staff prepares the order or plan by turning the selected COA into a clear, concise concept of operations and required supporting information. The concept of operations for the approved COA becomes the concept of operations for the plan, and the COA sketch the basis for the operations overlay. Commanders review and approve orders before the staff reproduces and disseminates them. Input-Process-Output Diagram (Orders Production) Staff prepares the order or plan by turning Staff preparesCOA the order planconcise by turning the selected into aorclear, the selected into a clear, concise concept of COA operations. concept of operations.
The concept of operations for the The conceptCOA of operations approved becomes for the the concept of approved COA operations forbecomes the plan.the concept of operations for the plan.
The COA sketch becomes the basis for the The COA sketch becomes the basis for the operations overlay. operations overlay.
Staff implements risk controls by Staff implements risk controls by coordinating and integrating them into the coordinating and integrating them into the order. order.
Produce The Order
The XO or S3 receive the order. The XO or S3 receive the order.
The commander reviews and approves The commander reviews and and approves order before reproduction dissemination. order before reproduction and dissemination.
The order communicates how controls are The communicates how controls are putorder into effect, their implementation, and put into effect, their implementation, and how they fit into the overall operation. how they fit into the overall operation.
The order is briefed to subordinate The order is briefed subordinate commanders. CDRtoand staff conduct commanders. andwith staffsubordinates conduct confirmationCDR briefing confirmation afterwards. briefing with subordinates afterwards.
Battalion Orders Briefing Each staff section should provide their input to the brief on one generic, weather-proofed briefing board. These boards should contain only that information which is pertinent to the subordinate commanders receiving the order. The OPORD briefing should follow a format whereby the briefing will be kept to approximately one hour. The format for FRAGO briefings should be adjusted as necessary and brief only the changes to the current operation.
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ARNG POCKET PLANNING GUIDE Sample Orders Briefing Format ORDER OF BRIEF INTRODUCTION/ROLL CALL AREA OF OPERATIONS/INTEREST TERRAIN/WEATHER ENEMY/EVENT TEMPLATE MISSION/INTENT (1&2 HIGHER) BDE CONCEPT TASK ORGANIZATION TF MISSION TF CDR’S INTENT CONCEPT/SCHEME OF MANEUVER FIRES/EW AIR DEFENSE* NBC* M/CM/S* R&S AIR MOVEMENT* TASKS TO SUBORDINATE UNITS COORDINATING INSTRUCTIONS LOGISTICS CASEVAC CA/PSYOP/LEGAL/RELIGIOUS* C2 TIMELINE REVIEW TF CDR’S VISUALIZATION/COMMENTS TOTAL
BRIEFER XO XO S2 S2 XO XO XO XO CDR S3
TIME 2 MIN 2 MIN 5 MIN 10 MIN 3 MIN 5 MIN 2 MIN 1 MIN 2 MIN 5 MIN
FSO ADO CHEMO EN AS2 S3 AIR S3 S3 S4 MEDO S1 S3/SIGO XO CDR
5 MIN 2 MIN 2 MIN 2 MIN 2 MIN 4 MIN 5 MIN 5 MIN 4 MIN 1 MIN 1 MIN 1 MIN 1 MIN 5 MIN 78 MIN
Orders Annexes Following is a list of orders annexes. Units may dictate which annexes and appendices they want to accompany their base order and their length. Annex A (Task Organization) Annex B (Intelligence) Annex C (Operation Overlay) Annex D (Fire Support) Annex E (Rules of Engagement (ROE)) Annex F (Engineer) Annex G (Air Defense) Annex H (Signal) Annex I (Service Support) Annex J (Nuclear, Biological, and Chemical (NBC) Operations) Annex K (Provost Marshal (PM)) Annex L (Reconnaissance and Surveillance Operations) Annex M (Deep Operations) Annex N (Rear Operations) Annex O (Airspace Command and Control (AC2)) Annex P (Command and Control Warfare (C2W)) © Battle Command Training Center (BCTC) Fort Leavenworth, KS 66027-2346
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ARNG POCKET PLANNING GUIDE Annex Q (Operations Security (OPSEC)) Annex R (PSYOP) Annex S (Deception) Annex T (Electronic Warfare (EW)) Annex U (Civil-Military Operations (CMO)) Annex V (Public Affairs) As a general rule Annexes A, B, C, D, F, and I accompany the base order. If the OPORD is for an offensive operation, generally only the enemy event template, operations, and fires overlay will be disseminated with the order; defensive orders will also include an engineer overlay. Other overlays, such as air defense and CSS, will be completed and remain posted or accessible in the TOC but not necessarily disseminated. The development of the base OPLAN / OPORD is a continuous process during the MDMP, but becomes the staff’s main focus following the war game. The battalion may use a matrix order to expedite the final step of the MDMP. The order will be neatly hand-written with only the essential information required for company commanders, specialty platoon leaders, and supporting elements to issue their plans. Reproduction and Dissemination The XO will review all staff annexes before passing them to the S3 for assembly and reproduction with the base order. Reproduction will be IAW the unit standard distribution list, however, show distribution to reinforcing, supporting and adjacent units, since such a listing does not normally include these units. The S3 will receive acknowledgements from subordinates that they received the order.
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SPECIAL STAFF PLANNING CONSIDERATIONS Fire Support Planning Checklist This section addresses the organization of the TF Fire Support Element, the supporting Tactical Air Control Party (TACP), and indirect fire assets / capabilities, and TF planning / fires integration procedures. TF Fire Support Element (FSE). The FSE is designed to help the task force commander and staff integrate FS and lethal and non-lethal effects into all plans. The major functions of the FSE are to: Plan, control, and synchronize all FS. Establish priorities and allocate available FS resources to support the TF. Participate in and supervise the routine activity and coordination of the targeting process within the task force main CP. Coordinate with the A2C2 element regarding artillery firing unit locations, changes to FSCMs, and airspace coordination measures (ACMs). Coordinate air support through the TACP. Coordinate suppression of enemy air defense (SEAD) and / or joint SEAD (J-SEAD) operations. Coordinate combat aviation employment with FS operations. Air Force units are attached to the TF to plan, control, and direct close air support. The TACP is the normal air force asset attached to the TF. The TACP is attached to the TF to assist in the integration and synchronization of air power into TF operations and is composed of: Air Liaison Officer (USAF Captain as Forward Area Controller) Tactical Air Control Party The TACP performs the following functions: Serves as the Air Force commander’s representative, providing advice to the TF commander and staff on the capabilities, limitations, and employment of air support, airlift, and reconnaissance. Provides a coordination interface with respective FS and A2C2 personnel; assists in the synchronization of air and surface fires and preparation of the air support plan; and provides direct liaison for local air defense and airspace management activities. Requests Close Air Support for the Task Force. Serves as Forward Air Controllers.
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ARNG POCKET PLANNING GUIDE Indirect fire assets Paladin, M109A6. The M109A6 Paladin howitzer is an armored, full tracked howitzer carrying 37 complete conventional rounds and two copperhead projectiles. The Paladin has a maximum rate of fire of three rounds per minute for the first three minutes followed by a one-round-per-minute sustained rate of fire. The M109A6 fires the full complement of 155-mm ammunition with a maximum range of 22 kilometers for unassisted projectiles, 30 kilometers for the rocket-assisted projectile (RAP) and 27 kilometers for the base-burn dual purpose improved conventional munitions (BBDPICM). Artillery Munitions COPPERHEAD is a 155-mm cannon launched guided projectile with a shaped charge and laser seeker. The optimum use of COPPERHEAD is against multiple targets in large arrays outside the range of maneuver direct fire systems. Moving targets can be engaged at a range of three to four KM depending on the skill of the observer. Stationary targets can be engaged out to five KM. The minimum visibility for effective COPPERHEAD use is five KM. Angle T should not exceed eight hundred mils left or right of the gun-target line. Cannon Artillery Smoke Rounds. Plan for no more than sixty minutes of smoke from a DS battalion. Both White Phosphorous (WP) and Smoke rounds take thirty seconds time to build up effective smoke. WP rounds have an average burn time of sixty to ninety seconds per round while Smoke rounds average burn time is five to ten minutes. Cannon Artillery Illumination Rounds – can fire out to a range of 17,500 meters. The average burn time for each round is two minutes. With a range and lateral spread can cover illumination diameter of one thousand meters. Dual Purpose Improved Conventional Munition (DPICM). DPICM is used against arrays of armored targets. It has a high dud rate and should not be fired on intended maneuver axes or where dismounted operations will occur. Maximum range is approximately 18,000 meters; 28,400 meters for extended range DPICM.
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ARNG POCKET PLANNING GUIDE Family of Scatterable Mines (FASCAM). Normal emplacement is a 400 x 400 meter or 200 x 800 meter minefield. Plan for no more than two missions. A dedicated battery requires thirty minutes to fire one minefield. Duration of minefield can normally lasts four to twenty-four hours depending on munition settings. Use of FASCAM munitions requires higher headquarters approval. Rocket Assisted Projectile (RAP)(extends range of munitions out to 30,000 meters). Very limited supply, only ten percent of unit basic load for DS artillery. Availability of DS Cannon Battalion Fires and Positioning Since the DS Artillery Battalion supports the entire BCT, indirect fires from the paladin cannon battalion is not always available to the TF. Much of the time the primary use of the DS Artillery Battalion is to provide the BCT force protection using counter fire to keep the enemy’s indirect fires off of the maneuver TF elements allowing them freedom of maneuver. For planning purposes the TF can plan on one or two priority targets when they are the main effort of the BCT. However if the TF is the supporting effort, then the TF should plan on using the mortars for one or two priority targets and not the DS artillery battalion. During offensive movement, the artillery batteries are positioned forward behind the lead TF to range deep targets. For force protection, the artillery batteries are integrated within the TF. When the DS cannon battalion fires missions, normally the entire battalion (eighteen howitzers) fire on a single target with three rounds each. By massing the indirect fires on one target, they are much more effective. The M120 mortar is capable of firing fifteen rounds per minute for the first minute, with a sustained rate of fire of four rounds per minute after the first minute. It is capable of firing high explosives, illumination, and white phosphorus rounds to a maximum range of 7,200 meters. Mortars provide the TF commander with the most responsive fires. Use the mortars for FPFs, and for initiating and sustaining smoke missions. They are also effective in urban areas given high angle fire and comparatively reduced collateral effects.
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ARNG POCKET PLANNING GUIDE If a priority target is designated then the TF commander can expect rounds on the target within a minute or less depending on the time of flight. When planning the use of mortars during maneuver, establish ammunition cache sites along likely routes to facilitate rapid resupply. The TF Mortar Net is the primary means to clear mortar fires and the TF Fires Net is the alternate net. The mortar platoon is normally kept together under centralized control and but can be split into two sections. Within the TF, mortars will normally be given to the supporting effort. Mortars are effective when employed against dismounts covering obstacles, covering infiltration and exfiltration routes, and for providing immediate smoke. Advantages and Limitations of Mortars ADVANTAGES Fast response rate High rate of fire Fire from deep defilade Fire without FDC High-angle fire Attack targets on reverse slopes Simplicity
LIMITATIONS Short range Limited ammo carrying capacity Ammo resupply Less accurate in high winds Detected by radar Ineffective against point targets Lack of organic survey and MET
Multiple Launched Rocket System. M270 / M270A1 MLRS SelfPropelled Loader-Launcher (SPLL) The M270 MLRS is a mobile, self-propelled, self-loading, multiple launch rocket system. It provides mobile long-range artillery rocket and missile support for ground forces. The M270A1 is capable of firing the entire MLRS family of munitions to include all Army tactical missiles. The M270A1 is capable of holding either two-launch pod containers of six rockets per container or two guided missile launch assemblies containing one missile each. With the M26A1 extended range rocket, the MLRS SPLL can fire twelve rockets in sixty seconds at multiple aim points out to a range of fifty kilometers. It also has the capability of firing two missiles aimed at one or two separate aim points in twenty seconds. Compared to mortars and cannon artillery, MLRS is slower to set-up and respond to calls for fire. Danger close areas are greater than for mortars and cannon artillery (May be available to TF in special situations).
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ARNG POCKET PLANNING GUIDE Planning and Integrating Fires Force Responsibilities. The brigade plays a vital role in TF fire support planning and execution. With the exception of the task force mortars, the brigade is the "provider" of indirect fires. Discussion of fire support planning and execution at the task force level must first start with the role of the brigade. Brigade. The Brigade develops a synchronized scheme of maneuver and concept of fires and translates that concept into a scheme of fires by assigning fire support tasks and allocating assets and effects to subordinates. As part of the concept of fires, the brigade sets conditions for and provides indirect fires to the task force for the close or direct firefight. Fires in support of the task force close fight are provided for a specific period of time or a specific purpose. The brigade must clearly specify when indirect fires will transition to the task force and when the task force will lose them. The TF role in fire support planning includes the following: Understand the integration of the brigade scheme of maneuver and fires Understand the TF role in the brigade scheme of fires and maneuver Execute the TF portion of the brigade scheme of fires and EFST Develop a task force concept and scheme of fires Integrate and refine brigade targets for the close fight Plan for the synchronization of the task force mortars with the scheme of fires and their movement with the scheme of maneuver Incorporate bottom-up refinement from the company teams Forward the TF concept of fires and target refinements to brigade Conduct rehearsals Task Force Commander. The key role of the task force commander in indirect fire planning is the synchronization of fires with maneuver. Fires and maneuver must be thought of together. Commanders must first decide precisely what they want their fires to accomplish. Top-down fire planning is a continuous process of analyzing, allocating, and scheduling fire support. It determines: How fire support will be used and what the essential fire support tasks are What types of targets will be attacked, resulting in the high-payoff target list (decide) What type of targets will not be attacked What collection assets are available to acquire and track the targets (detect / track)
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ARNG POCKET PLANNING GUIDE What assets will be used to attack different targets; what munitions, what effects, and when will they be engaged (deliver) System preferences for various targets What assets are available to verify (assess) effects on the target When planning fires, it is essential to address the following aspects of each essential fire support task and target: Purpose Location Trigger Shooter and backup shooter Communications structure Rehearsal Delivery assets If each of these is not identified, planned, resourced, and rehearsed, the successful accomplishment of that essential fire support task is at risk. Other Key FS considerations: Position observers with redundancy where they can see their assigned targets and trigger points, communicate with FS assets, and respond to the maneuver commander Disseminate target priorities to the lowest levels of the maneuver force, FS staff, and mortars Limit the number of targets to ten per maneuver Task Force Do not physically separate FISTs from the companies they support For each phase or time period of the operation the FSO should, as a minimum: Verify grid locations for all critical targets Verify engagement criteria Confirm primary and backup observers for each target Verify primary and backup communications links for each observer Verify that each target has a task and purpose (what effects are to be achieved) Verify the method of engagement (at my command, time on target, or when ready) Verify that attack guidance, such as shell-fuse combination, number of volleys, and unit(s) to fire, is specified for each target Verify the movement plan, specifying when and where units and observers will move
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ARNG POCKET PLANNING GUIDE Keep it simple (not more than ten TF Targets); memorize priority targets. Plan on an eight-minute shift times between priority targets. Mass all artillery on three or four essential fire support targets rather than pound sand everywhere on the battlefield. For defensive operations, probable priority targets include likely penetrations points, anticipated enemy breach sites, defiles/choke points, and behind the most likely inter-visibility line(s) that the enemy will use for ABF / SBF positions. For offensive operations, focus on destroying the platoon at the point of penetration, effectively screening breach operations with smoke, and suppress or obscure AT-5 or counterattack reserve force. A fully developed essential fire support task has a task, purpose, method, and effects.
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ARNG POCKET PLANNING GUIDE
NBC Planning Checklist During IPB, determine: Capabilities (agent type, munitions type, and delivery systems/means) Previous use of NBC Employment doctrine Level of release authority (CAA, Division, Regimental, etc.) Identify attack indicators: Likely enemy timeline Q-36 / 37 radar reports Reports of artillery fired in vacant areas Air defense early warning (for missiles and aircraft) Movement forward of chemical munitions Increase in enemy MOPP or training in MOPP NBC Recon vehicles Develop ISR plan to identify/detect PIR and HPTs Enemy smoke assets and capabilities Enemy decontamination unit locations/activities Wind direction (periods of inversion gradient) Prepare these products: INTSUMs SITTEMP with templated NBC strike areas ISR plan (scouts, organic detection, M93 FOX, Q-36 / Q-37, etc.) Masking criteria (based on METT-T) MOPP level for operation Event matrix / timeline HPTs (goal is to neutralize delivery systems). For the Maneuver BOS, determine: Commander’s Intent – avoid contamination or fight through. Vulnerability analysis (active / passive protective measures) Bypass criteria (based on wind direction and scheme of maneuver) MOPP effects on fighting capabilities Task organization of NBC assets (consider organic and supporting) Smoke employment and observer plan. (See Smoke Operations Planning Checklist in this section) Identify stay behind elements to mark contaminated areas
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ARNG POCKET PLANNING GUIDE For the Fire Support BOS, determine: Counter-fire plan Use of indirect smoke and synchronization Generator smoke Observer plan For the Mobility / Counter-mobility / Survivability BOS, determine: Assume templated strike areas will be contaminated (MOPP) Area damage control to limit the spread of contamination Engineer support to dig decontamination sumps MPs to conduct area damage control For the Air Defense, determine: Provide early warning for missile/aircraft attacks Provide air defense coverage for decontamination operations For the CSS BOS determine: Primary and alternate contaminated (“dirty”) MSRs Water re-supply plan for decontamination (local vs. haul) Re-supply for MOPP gear, canisters, and decontaminants Contaminated casualty collection plan Patient decontamination and medical support Decontamination sites, routes, and link-up points Priority for decontamination Support relationship for NBC assets (FOX, Smoke, Decontamination) Fog oil re-supply For the Command and Control BOS determine: Task organization / control of NBC assets (FOX, Smoke, Decontamination) Frequencies and call signs NBCWRS Triggers for smoke Command post reaction plan Area damage control Decontamination site OIC Review in unit rock drills and rehearse the following: React to chemical attack NBCWRS NBC detection teams FOX employment Smoke employment © Battle Command Training Center (BCTC) Fort Leavenworth, KS 66027-2346
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ARNG POCKET PLANNING GUIDE Triggers Observation plan Communication plan Decontamination plan First aid / casualty collection plan Re-supply plan Weather Conditions and NBC WEATHER Wind Speed Stability Temperature Humidity Precipitation
FAVORABLE 15-32 Km/hr Stable o o 1 to 20 C 30 C >60% Moderate to Heavy
Smoke Operations Planning Checklist At times a Task Force may have a mechanized smoke platoon and one dualpurpose platoon. These platoons should be kept intact and not split into squads. Assignment of smoke support within the TF is dependent on the mission and forces employed. Units must coordinate with adjacent units for cross boundary smoke effects. Smoke Platoon Capabilities The mechanized smoke platoon has seven (7) M58 Wolfs and a support squad. They will use six (6) of the tracks on the smoke line and one as a smoke control point and substitute system if one goes down. The dualpurpose platoon has six (6) M56 Coyotes and a support squad. The platoon leader has a M998 that is used as the smoke control point and uses six (6) wheeled smoke vehicles on the smoke line. A smoke platoon can provide following coverage: M58 Smoke Generator System – ninety minutes of visual / near infrared obscurant and thirty minutes of infrared obscurant without resupply M56 Smoke Generator System - ninety minutes of visual / near infrared obscurant and thirty minutes of infrared obscurant without resupply
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ARNG POCKET PLANNING GUIDE Smoke Uses Offensive Operations: Obscure enemy reconnaissance efforts Conceal river crossings Conceal breaching operations Isolate enemy forces Defeat enemy electro-optical systems Deception
Defensive Operations: Obscure enemy reconnaissance efforts Conceal obstacle emplacement Canalize enemy forces Isolate enemy forces Defeat enemy electro-optical systems Deception Conceal movement of disengaging forces
Smoke Platoon Logistics Fog Oil. Each vehicle has a 120-gallon fog oil tank, sufficient for two hours of smoke. The platoon has one TPU carrying 1,200-gallons of fog oil. The platoon can produce 4 hours of smoke with organic fog oil before resupply required. Graphite. Each vehicle carries three hundred pounds of pelletized graphite, sufficient for thirty minutes of IR obscuration. The platoon LMTV can carry five thousand pounds of pelletized graphite. The platoon, assuming fully loaded with graphite, can produce two hours of IR obscuration with organic supplies.
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Air Defense Planning Checklist Air Defense Artillery protects the TF and selected assets from aerial attack and surveillance. The primary aerial threats that must be countered by Short Range AD (SHORAD) employment guidelines are UAVs, rotary-wing aircraft, and fixed-wing aircraft. A task force is typically supported by a Linebacker platoon, consisting of four firing units and a C2 vehicle. The platoon is organized into a headquarters section and two maneuver sections. The Linebacker platoon is most commonly in a general support role under TF control. This provides the ADA platoon leader the ability to position or mass ADA assets at the critical times and places on the battlefield to defeat the air threat. Additional air defense assets like Stinger teams and Avenger firing units can also support the task force. Linebacker firing units should be positioned along the most likely air avenues of approach to support the Commander’s main effort and also positioned in depth so that they can provide continuous fires along enemy air avenues. Linebackers normally accompany the main effort of the task force or may be positioned with the task force reserve in the defense. Other likely points of protection include breach sites and passage lanes, ROM sites, and guarding likely PZs during limited visibility periods. The task force and air defense firing units broadcast flash precedence “FM voice” early warning to maneuver elements on the TF Command net. The ADA LNO and his driver position themselves with the TF CP full time. The Linebacker platoon leader rotates his time between the TF Main CP and his platoon. He is actively involved in the planning process for each TF mission. The ADA LNO in the TF CP monitors four nets: Division Early Warning; the TF command net; the ADA battery net; and the Linebacker platoon net.
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Engineer Operations Planning Checklist Engineer Considerations (Defense). Note: Ensure war game is against enemy SITTEMP including all known / templated enemy obstacles. Before the war game: State priority of effort & support Task Organization in effect, organize breach assets Dig in critical assets in TAA: FA / LOG / C2 / static assets Coordinate obstacles / routes with passed (FPOL) units Engineers with scouts / recon elements to obtain OBSTINTEL, update template based on spot reports, disseminate template to sub-units Work with the S2 / S3 to select breach sites based on analysis of engineer situation SPOT Reports Engineers forward in formations CL IV / V through-put plan coordinated and finalized; who guides? Coordinate for Chemical Decontamination Site locations / blade support FASCAM planned to cover flanks & isolate objectives. During the war game: Pump higher & adjacent Engineers for obstacle information, disseminate to sub-units Mark lanes & bypasses, guides required SOSR during breaches, CFZs on breach sites No. of breach assets required / expended at each breach Support assault on the objective Do follow-on TFs conduct own breach or widen lanes? Close up through-put Dig in Q36 radar During Transition: Reorganize assets, task organization change required Reconstitute assets Establish Class IV / V points Dig in Q36, FA, C2, ADA, Log FASCAM to facilitate transition to defense.
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ARNG POCKET PLANNING GUIDE Engineer Considerations (Offense): Note: Ensure use of obstacle overlay with BELTS & INTENTS. State priority of effort & support Survivability plan (timeline, # of blades or Position / BP) Obstacle plan (timeline, KM of minefield & wire / belt) Allocation of Volcano systems & reloads Percent planned Survivability & Obstacles completed at time of enemy contact Should Engineers or blades be in DS relationship FASCAM Purpose of situational obstacles (separate echelons, re-seed breaches, disrupt formations, support security zone fight) Reinforce or replace conventional obstacles Designate primary & alternate lookers, shooter, trigger Preplan & request release early, rehearse Volcano movement Anticipate reload / recycle times Incorporate enemy obstacles in friendly defense plan? Cover obstacles with direct & indirect fires CL IV / V through-put and guide plan: FSP locations Lane closure plan and mobility of the reserve C2 of Engineer assets (especially Volcano) Engineer disengagement criteria; where do they go during close battle
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REPORTS A key requirement during the planning process is knowledge of the various reports that will be required internal to the battalion and external to higher, adjacent, and subordinate elements. Following are fifty-four (54) examples of reports and formats the battalion may need to use. They are organized as follows: Operations Reports Operations Report (OPREP) SALT / SPOT Report Serious Incident Report (SIR) Contact Report Situation Report (SITREP) Combat Slant Report (Long and Short) Closure Report Airspace Control Means Request (ACMREQ) Downed / Missing Aircraft Report NBC Reports Request for NBC / Smoke Support NBC 1 Report (Initial Observer Report) NBC 2 Report (Evaluated Data Report) NBC 3 Report (Immediate Warning of Expected Contamination) NBC 4 Report (Report of Radiation Dose Rate Measurement) NBC 5 Report (Report of Areas of Contamination) NBC 6 Report (Detailed Contamination Report) CHEMWARN Report Effective Downwind Message Report NBC Situation Report (NBC SITREP) Engineer Reports Scatterable Minefield Warning Report (SCATMINWARN) Scatterable Minefield Report and Record (SCATMINREP) Obstacle Turnover / Transfer Report Report for Bridge, Overpass, Culvert, Underpass or Tunnel (BRIDGEREP) Report of Ford, Ferry, or Other Crossing Site (CROSSREP) Obstacle Report Obstacle Request, Intent or Status Report Route Reconnaissance Report (ROUTEREP) Closure Report Bypass Report © Battle Command Training Center (BCTC) Fort Leavenworth, KS 66027-2346
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ARNG POCKET PLANNING GUIDE Unexploded Ordnance (UXO) Report Intelligence Reports Sensitive Item Report Battle Damage Assessment Report (BDAREP) Detained Civilian Personnel Report (DETAINCIVREP) R&S Report Weather Forecast Weather Advisory Request for Information (RFI) Response to Request for Information (RRFI) Intelligence Summary (INTSUM) Patrol Report EPW / Captured Material Report SAEDA Report SALUTE A Report Debrief Format Personnel Reports Personnel Status Report (PERSTAT) Personnel SPOT Report Casualty Report MEDEVAC Request Medical Situation Report (MEDSITREP) Casualty Feeder Report Logistics Reports Logistics Status Report (LOGSTAT) Battle Loss Report AMMO Status / Request POL Status / Request
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Operations Reports Operations Report (OPREP) The OPREP outlines the relative combat power of each Task Force unit. Place color code (green / amber / red / black) in items 1-5. Green = 10080%, Amber = 79-60%, Red = 59-40%, and Black = 39-0%. Add % complete for item #5. Put number of mission capable / number authorized in items 6-28. Format Line / Item / Quantity Sample OPREP
OPERATIONS REPORT (OPREP) DUE 0530 & 1400 REPORT LINES 1-6 BY COLOR (GREEN=100-80%, YELLOW=7960% RED=59-40%, BLACK=39-0% 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35
MOBILITY COMMUNICATIONS WEAPONS PERSONNEL FORCE PROTECTION OVERALL RIFLE SQUADS M60 MG M240 MG M2 MG MK-19 TOW 60mm MORTAR 81mm MORTAR 105mm HOWITZER 155mm HOWITZER Q36 RADAR TLQ17 AVENGER STINGER LSIDS OH-58 AH-64 CH-47 UH-60 EH-60 DRAGON AT4 M2/M3 BFV M1 TANK DOZER SEE LLVI REMBASS TLQ-32
V1 V2 V3 V4 V5 V6 V7 V8
CARGO HMMWV COMMAND HMMWV TOW HMMWV FMTV TPU FLA WRECKER TRAILER
M1 M2 M3 M4 M5 M6 M7 M8 M9 M10
MILES KEVLAR HALO MILES TORSO HARNESS MILES M4 TRANSMITTER MILES M249 TRANSMITTER MILES M60/240 TRANSMITTER MILES M2 TRANSMITTER MILES TOW SYSTEM MILES MITS KIT MILES DRAGON MILES VIPER
COMMAND POST LOCATION LEFT TRACE GRID LOCATION RIGHT TRACE GRID LOCATION
36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90
BAYONET JAVELIN M203 (INCL M4/M16) M4 M9 PISTOL M24 M249 SAW SHOTGUN AIMING CIRCLE MBC 60mm BORESIGHT 81mm BORESIGHT AN/PAQ-4 PEO-2 AN/PVS-4 AN/PVS-7B AN/PVS-7D AN/PVS-14 AN/PVS-10 M68 AIM POINT SIGHT GCP-1B PVS-6 MELIOS MK-II RANGEFINDER BINOCULARS TOW NIGHTSIGHT TOW DAYSIGHT AN/TAS-5 M8 ALARM CHEM AGENT MONITOR PRO MASKS IM-93 RADICMETER MINE DETECTOR MOPEMS RCU VRC-88 (SR)(O) VRC-89 (SR/LR) VRC-90 (LR) VRC-91 (SR/LR)(O) VRC-92 (LR/LR) PRC-104 PRC-119 PRC-126 AN/VRC 213 ANCD KYK-13 RT-1539 (MSRT RADIO) KY-68 (MSRT PHONE) TA-1035 (MSE PHONE) TA-1 TA-312 PSN-11 (PLGR) M2 COMPASS
REPORT AS OF (DTG)
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SALT / SPOT Report (SPOTREP) Purpose Provide and disseminate information on enemy activity and contact. Instructions FBCB2 is the primary method in order to establish SU visibility across the network. FM is the alternate method. In many cases, an FM report should occur first followed by a digital report. Units in contact will report the enemy via FM to the company CP, XO or 1SG who will enter the digital report. Format Size. Give number and type of assets observed. Be as specific as possible, using individual systems. Activity. Specific actions of enemy force observed. Include orientation, movement direction, speed and as much information on their actions as possible. Location. Grid of enemy activity observed. Use 6-digit grids whenever possible. Avoid generic descriptive names for landmarks. Time. Time of enemy activity; not the time of message if significantly different. Your Actions. What actions are you taking at the time you submit the report.
FBCB2 Report The FBCB2 SALT Report is selected from the Combat Messages. Fill in the mandatory fields using the drop down menus. Users with LRF can LASE the enemy and auto fill the location. Those without LRF should use the auto fill capability by selecting the location on the FBCB2 map. The grid may also be typed in (include grid zone designator).
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ARNG POCKET PLANNING GUIDE Sample SALT / SPOTREP (FBCB2)
Do not delete from the default address group, additions may be made. Ensure that the BDE S2 or TF S2 ASAS is included in the action addressees. The Long form of the message may be used for providing additional information or for creating a Position Report for a friendly element (see Card 214.9). If the CFF MSG button is used, the only options will be immediate suppression or immediate smoke. The user must be in the AFATDS observer role database, and the supporting FSE AFATDS must be in the address group.
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Serious Incident Report (SIR) From: CDR, X To: CDR, X Subject: Serious Incident Report, Number XXXXXXX Category Type of Incident: Date / Time: Location: Other Information Training related: Firing incident
Personnel Involved: Name Rank or Grade Social Security Number Race Sex Age Position: Security Clearance: Y or N Unit; Station of Assignment Duty Status
Summary of Incident: Commander Reporting Point of Contact; Downgrading Instructions Report Originated by Report Released By Notification: Position Name Time
Category of Incidents Category 1: Fratricide Riots, serious disturbances War crimes Soldiers requesting asylum Terrorist activities Bomb or explosion incident Threats against weapons / ammunition
Category 2: Loss / theft of sensitive items Narcotics / drugs Theft / loss of ammunition, armament, or explosives © Battle Command Training Center (BCTC) Fort Leavenworth, KS 66027-2346
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ARNG POCKET PLANNING GUIDE Death of any soldier in BCT Major fires Serious training / movement accident
Category 3: Serious injury of any BCT soldier Training / firing incident Compromise of operational codes Notification of death of family member
TF commanders will notify BCT commander on the BCT Command net. This report is sent by MCS or FBCB2 (free text) followed by a hardcopy to the BCT TOC).
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Contact Report When initial contact is made, an FM contact report will be submitted via FM unless otherwise specified, followed immediately by an FBCB2 SPOTREP. Format Call sign Contact Form of contact (observed, obstacle, direct fire, NBC, etc.) Cardinal Direction or grid reference Out
Example: “Saber 1 this is Saber 2, Contact, Obstacle #, East, Out.”
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Situation Report (SITREP) Purpose Provides update on unit status, activities, and problems. Instructions Battalions submit via MCS, MSE or FM (in priority). Separate companies submit via FBCB2 SITREP or Free Text Message following the format below modified to fit their unit. Provide unit locations only if friendly force SU feed is not functioning at the command post. Individual platforms send SITREP to PL / PSG who consolidate and forward to 1SG / XO / Commander / CP. Reports are due NLT 0545 or at Stand-to as specified and at 1630. Mid-day and night reports are not required unless directed. Reports are due to TF at 0500, 1100, 1700, and 2300. Reports from TF are due to BDE Main CP at 0600, 1200, 1800, and 2400 daily. For lines 5-9, companies submit platoon locations / status; Line 10 is company status. Format Line 1: Unit: Line 2: Main CP Location: (6- digit grid) Line 3: Obstacle / defensive prep status (% complete) Line 4: Scout / IEW OP locations Line 5: _______ Co/Tm: ____ / ____ / __________ M1 M2 (6-digit grid) Line 6: _______ Co/Tm: ____ / ____ / __________M1 M2 (6-digit grid) Line 7: _______ Co/Tm: ____ / ____ / __________M1 M2 (6-digit grid) Line 8: _______ Co/Tm: ____ / ____ / __________M1 M2 (6-digit grid) Line 9: _______ Co/Tm: ____ / ____ / __________M1 M2 (6-digit grid : / / / M1 M2 M3 Mortar SCT) Line 10: TF (*GREEN, AMBER, RED, BLACK) Line 11: CLIII Assessment: (*GREEN, AMBER, RED, BLACK) Line 12: CLV Assessment: Line 13: Personnel Assessment: (*GREEN, AMBER, RED, BLACK) *GREEN (80+%) AMBER (60-79%) - RED (40-59%) BLACK (39% or less) Line 14: Overall Assessment: GREEN: Fully mission capable AMBER: Status has minor impact RED: Status has major impact BLACK: Cannot accomplish mission Line 15 (remarks): give reason for any line 14 rating other than green. "paint the picture" of the unit, from east to west or north to south.
FBCB2 Report Company / troop and smaller elements reporting to brigade / task force should submit the SITREP using FBCB2. The report should be accompanied by comments to elaborate on the basic status information provided in the report format and to paint the picture of the unit and actions on-going and projected.
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ARNG POCKET PLANNING GUIDE The Self Tab reports data for own platform. The Unit Tab has option for ‘Platforms’ (those in the reporting unit), and ‘Units’ for the status of the immediately subordinate units (for a company / troop it would be for the subordinate platoons). Any element in the unit can submit the report. Sample SITREP (FBCB2)
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Combat Slant Report This report states the number of primary combat vehicles the unit has that are both operational and under the control of the unit. If a vehicle is nonmission capable, it is not counted in this report. The CO Commander or CO XO sends a Short Slant each time he calls the TF Commander during the fight. The CO XO sends the Long Slant Report to the TF TOC every hour on the hour during a battle. Short Slant Report Maneuver Commander M1A2 / M2A2 Engineer Commander M113 / VOLCANO / AVLM / AVLB Long Slant Report M1A2 / M2A2 M981 FIST-V LINEBACKERS AVENGERS M113 / VOLCANO / AVLM / AVLB ACES DOZERS INFANTRY SQUADS SAPPER SQUADS
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Closure Report Purpose Reports unit movement status and capability of units to conduct future operations. Instructions Submit using FBCB2 Free Text message as primary with FM as alternate. Battalions may submit Closure Reports using MCS or MSE as alternate. Submit report to TF / BDE Main with info addresses TF / BDE TAC, BDE ALOC, BDE CDR / CSM / S3. Garrison reports may be submitted by telephone. Submit initial report via FM including unit and CP location upon closure of TOC. Submit final report upon completion of movement of the main body, or at a designated time, to the TF / BDE MAIN CP (field) or brigade SDNCO (garrison). The closure report is a status report and units need not be 100% to submit. A final report, however, is required once the unit is 100% complete (NLT arrival + 2 hours). For prolonged or complex movements (combination of transport modes), submit report every two hours or as directed by brigade. Format SP date / time. RP date / time. CP location (6-digit grid). Closure date / time. Accidents / incidents. Estimated time unit ready to conduct operations. Weapons / sensitive items inventory complete (YES / NO).
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Airspace Control Means Request (ACMREQ) Report Number A025 (USMTF # F658) Instructions Use To Request That A Specific Airspace Control Means Be Specified In A Future Airspace Control Order. Reference FM 100-103 Format LINE 1 – DATE AND TIME (DTG) LINE 2 – UNIT (Unit Making Report) LINE 3 – REQUESTING UNIT (Name of Unit or Agency Requesting Airspace) LINE 4 – TYPE (Type of Airspace) LINE 5 – AIRSPACE (Name of Airspace) LINE 6 – PURPOSE (Purpose of Special Use Airspace) LINE 7 – TRANSIT (Transit Instructions) LINE 8 – FROM (DTG to be Established) LINE 9 – UNTIL (DTG to be Dis-established) LINE 10 – AREA (Description of the Area to be Defined (Boundary or Circle)) LINE 11 – COORDINATES (UTM or 6-Digit Grid Coordinate with MGRS Grid Zone Designator) LINE 12 – WIDTH / RADIUS (Width or Radius) LINE 13 – LOWER (Lower Altitude of Designated Area to Nearest 100 Feet or Ground Level) LINE 14 – UPPER (Upper Altitude of Designated Area to Nearest 100 Feet) LINE 15 – CONTACT (Call Sign of Control Agency) LINE 16 – PRIMARY (Primary Frequency or Frequency Designator) LINE 17 – SECONDARY (Secondary Frequency or Frequency Designator) LINE 18 – NARRATIVE (Free Text for Additional Information Required for Clarification of Report) LINE 19 – AUTHENTICATION (Report Authentication)
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Downed / Missing Aircraft Report Purpose To report downed or missing friendly aircraft. Instructions Submit initial report to TF / BDE Main using FM on TF / BDE CMD net. Report to higher on DIV CMD net and to DIV G3 OPS via MSE. Submit follow-up reports to BDE Main via FM, MCS, FBCB2 (Free Text message) or FM. Format Type of Aircraft (describe A/C if type unknown) (e.g., “H-60 Blackhawk”) A/C Call sign or Tail Number if known (any markings if unknown) (e.g., “Shark 23”) Grid location and / or nearest landmark or graphic control measure (e.g., “14RPV 654 765, LZ Silver”) Time of downing if known (e.g., “0655 Zulu”) Number / status of survivors and their last action if known (include last known radio frequency) (e.g., “Two crewmen seen exiting and moving south into tree line”) Status of A/C (e.g., “Aircraft on fire” or “Aircraft intact, damage to rotors”) Cause of downing if known (include anti-aircraft weapon type if shot down) (e.g., “Shot down by small arms” or “rotor blades struck tress”) Enemy / Threat / NBC in vicinity of aircraft if known (e.g., “2 Enemy soldiers seen searching aircraft”) Friendly forces in vicinity of A/C and actions if known (e.g., “Scout 42 moving to secure crash site”)
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NBC Reports Request for NBC / Smoke Support Format Requesting Unit ID Type of support requested: (Note 1) FM Net and VINSON key for coordination / contact: (Note 2) Location of mission: (6-digit grid) Location of contact point: (Notes 3 and 6) Type of mission being supported: (Note 4) Amount of support requested: (Note 5) Mission start DTG: (Note 6) Mission end DTG: (Note 6) Point of contact in unit Remarks
Decontamination, NBC reconnaissance, smoke, flame field expedient, indicate which. What size unit (s) needs NBC support; i.e., one armor company (# tanks, vehicles, etc.) needs thorough equipment decontamination. BB CMD, BDE O/I, BDE A/L, CO CMD, etc. indicate which net and secure key in the SOI is to be used for coordination and / or contact. Location and time where supporting unit is to meet supported unit. This location should be for initial contact and detailed coordination / planning. Mission of the supported unit: offense, defense, mobility, breaching, river crossing, reorganization, etc. Supported MSC: number and types of vehicles / aircraft number of personnel. For terrain / road decontamination provide kilometers / meters of contamination. Smoke Mission: Type of smoke requested (deception, screening, obscuring) if screening, indicate curtain, haze, or blanket. Dimensions of area to be covered in hundreds of meters. NBC Reconnaissance: Type of hazard, nuclear, biological, or chemical (state which); type of reconnaissance: area or route; method: ground or air; start and end points of route or corners of area to search (6-digit grid). Indicate if times are actual or estimated.
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NBC 1 Report (Initial Observer Report) Purpose Reports observation or detection of a nuclear, biological or chemical attack. Instructions Submitted by the fastest means available. Initial reports should be by FM and immediately followed by an FBCB2 NBC1 report to create a georeference icon on the network. DO NOT DELAY SENDING THE REPORT in an effort to make it complete. Send what you have immediately. Always initiate with “NBC 1 Report” and state what kind – Nuclear, Biological or Chemical. Omit information that is not applicable or available. Items that must always be included are type of report, lines D and H, and one of the following: B, C, F, or G. Ensure TF / BDE Main and TF / BDE CHEMO are included in addressees. TF / BDE Chemical forward report to higher, adjacent and subordinate units by fastest means available, following with MCS report. Format ALPHA: Strike serial number (if known). BRAVO: Position of observer (UTM coordinates or name of place). CHARLIE: Grid or magnetic bearing (specify which is used) or azimuth of attack from observer (in degrees or mils; specify which is used). DELTA: DTG attack started (ZULU). ECHO: Illumination time in seconds (for nuclear burst); time the attack ended (toxic agent attack only). FOXTROT: Location of attack (UTM coordinates) and / or vicinity of attack (actual or estimated; specify which is given). GOLF: Means of delivery (if known). HOTEL: Type of burst (air, surface, unknown), type of toxic agent, or type of attack. INDIA: Number of shells; other data (for toxic attack only). JULIET: Flash-to-bang time (in seconds). KILO: Crater present or absent; diameter in meters (if known). LIMA: Cloud width (degrees or mils; specify which) five minutes after burst. MIKE: Cloud height (top or bottom; specify which) ten minutes after burst (degrees or mils; specify which). SIERRA: DTG of reading (local or ZULU time).
Note: Carefully specify the units of measure used (degrees, mils, or grid azimuth). FBCB2 Report Select the NBC 1 Report from the Combat Messages Box using the NBC 1 tab. Use the drop down menus to fill in the type of attack and the delivery means (if known). Fill in the attack locations by either typing in the grid location (including grid zone designator), using the Map option and clicking the © Battle Command Training Center (BCTC) Fort Leavenworth, KS 66027-2346
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ARNG POCKET PLANNING GUIDE cursor on the location of the attack on the map display, or using the LRF fill if platform is capable. Use the Long Form message for providing additional information. The report will create a geo-referenced contamination icon network wide. Ensure the TF / BDE Main (S3 and Chemical), TF / BDE TAC and Rear CPs are included in the action addressees. Sample NBC 1 Report (FBCB2)
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NBC 2 Report (Evaluated Data Report) Sample NBC 2 Report
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NBC 3 Report (Immediate Warning of Expected Contamination) Purpose Provides warning of expected NBC contamination. Instructions Normally initiated by BDE or higher. Disseminate via FM, FBCB2 and MCS to ensure all units alerted. Always initiate with “NBC 3 Report” and state what kind – Nuclear, Biological or Chemical. Format ALPHA: Strike serial number (if known). DELTA: DTG when attack started. FOXTROT: Location of attack (actual or estimated; specify which). PAPA: Area of expected contamination. YANKEE: Bearing or azimuth of left, then right radial lines (specify degrees or mils; use four digits for each line). ZULU: Effective downwind speed (in Km-PH; use three digits), downwind effective distance of Zone 1 (in km; use three digits), and cloud radius (in km; use two digits).
FBCB2 Report The NBC 3 report is usually disseminated from brigade or higher echelon. The message subtype (nuclear or chemical / biological) must be filled out along with Strike Serial #, Attack Time, Attack Location, and Wind data. Report must be disseminated unit wide. Sample NBC 3 Report (FBCB2)
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NBC 4 Report (Report of Radiation Dose Rate Measurement) Purpose Reports detection and monitoring of radiation. Instructions Submit initial report when radiation initially detected and routinely thereafter as defined in OPORD. State “NBC 4” at the start of FM reporting. Submit initial report via FBCB2 with an FM alert to higher headquarters, ensuring all TF / BDE command posts and TF / BDE Chemo are included in addressees. BDE Chemo disseminates to higher, adjacent and subordinate units via MCS and / or MSE. Format QUEBEC: Location of reading; use friendly graphics or encryption. Omit this line when transmitting on a wire net. ROMEO: Dose rate in cGy / hr (average total dose rounded to the nearest ten cGy). Specify whether the dose rate is "INITIAL," "INCREASING," "PEAK," or "DECREASING;" specify "SHIELDED" if the dose rate was measured inside a vehicle. SIERRA: DTG of reading. Specify the time zone.
Note. Repeat lines Q, R, and S as often as necessary. Radiation dose rates ideally are measured in the open, one meter above the ground; if the rate must be measured in a shielded location, it is converted (as accurately as possible) to a rate in the open. FBCB2 Report The message subtype (nuclear or bio / chemical survey), type event and attack analysis data must be completed along with reading location and results. Strike Serial # is filled if known. Sample NBC 4 Report (FBCB2)
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NBC 5 Report (Report of Areas of Contamination) Purpose Reports areas of contamination. Instructions Submit initial report when radiation initially detected and routinely thereafter as defined in OPORD. State “NBC 5” at the start of FM reporting. Submit initial report via FBCB2 Free Text message with an overlay of the contaminated area. Send an FM alert to higher headquarters, and ensure all TF / BDE command posts and TF / BDE Chemo are included in addressees. BDE CHEMO disseminates to higher, adjacent and subordinate units via MCS and / or MSE. Format ALPHA: Strike serial number, if known. OSCAR: Reference DTG for estimated contours of contaminated areas. SIERRA: DTG when contamination was initially detected. TANGO: H+1 DTG or DTG of latest reconnaissance of contamination in the area. UNIFORM: Coordinates of contour lines marking dose rate of one thousand (1,000) cGy/hr. VICTOR: Coordinates of contour lines marking dose rate of three hundred (300) cGy/hr. WHISKEY: Coordinates of contour lines marking dose rate of one hundred (100) cGy/hr. X-RAY: Coordinates of contour lines marking dose rate of twenty (20) cGy/hr.
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NBC 6 Report (Detailed Contamination Report) Sample NBC 6 Report
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CHEMWARN Report Sample CHEMWARN Report
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Effective Downwind Message Report Sample Effective Downwind Message Report
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NBC Situation Report (NBC SITREP) Due to Battalion NLT 1630 hours daily with an as-of time of 1600 hours by all subordinate units. 1. DTG / Unit 2. Enemy NBC Activity: (briefly state, i.e., “Enemy has increased protection or tempo of NBC attacks, employing SCUDS, FROGS, MRL and tube artillery assets.” 3. Enemy NBC Attacks: (DTG of attack, location, unit attacked, agent used, delivery system, NBC casualties). 4. Critical NBC Equipment and Supply Shortfalls. 5. Proposed Thorough Decontamination Sites: (Number decontamination sites, number plus A or B for link-up points. 6. Assessment: (i.e., impact of enemy NBC attacks on operations based on analysis by S2, S3, and CHEMO). 7. Protection: Include level of MOPP in BN / CO and any additional measures of protection taken (i.e. M9 paper, M8A1 alarms, buttoned up, etc.). 8. Radiation Exposure Status (RES): RES Category of each battalion and separate company.
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Engineer Reports Scatterable Minefield Warning Report (SCATMINWARN) Purpose Sent on BN CMD net one hour prior to emplacement. Format Line A: EMPLACING SYSTEM: Line B: AT: YES / NO Line C: AP: YES / NO Line D: # AIM POINTS/CORNER POINTS: Line E: GRID COORDINATES OF AIM POINTS / CORNER POINTS AND SIZE OF SAFETY ZONE: Line F: DTG OF SELF-DESTRUCT PERIOD
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Scatterable Minefield Report and Record (SCATMINREP) Format Line 1: APPROVING AUTHORITY: Line 2: TGT OBSTACLE NUMBER: Line 3: TYPE EMPLACING SYSTEM: Line 4: TYPE MINES: Line 5: SELF-DESTRUCT PERIOD: Line 6: AIM POINTS / CORNER POINTS OF MINEFIELD: Line 7: _____________________________________ Line 8: _____________________________________ Line 9: _____________________________________ Line 10: ____________________________________ Line 11-14: __________________________________ Line 15: SIZE OF SAFETY ZONE FROM AIM POINT: Line 16: UNIT EMPLACING MINES / RPT #: Line 17: PERSON COMPLETING REPORT: Line 18: DTG OF REPORT:
Line 19: REMARKS:
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Obstacle Turnover / Transfer Report Sample Obstacle Turnover / Transfer OBSTACLE-TURNOVER/TRANSFER REPORT Obstacle Number
Obstacle Location (8-digit UTM Grid to center of mass) Transferring Unit
OBSTACLE DATA Obstacle Type
Emplacing Authority
Obstacle Effect
Emplacing Unit
TURNOVER DATA Receiving Unit
Date/Time of Transfer
Next Higher Command Common to Both
Date Obstacle Emplaced
TURNOVER CHECKLIST Intelligence. Enemy activity forward of the obstacle (discuss enemy recon and breaching efforts). • • Friendly activity in the vicinity of the obstacle (discuss LOGPAC, recon, counter-recon maneuver). Maneuver. • Obstacle protection against enemy recon/breaching (discuss overwatch, counter-recon patrols, sunrise sweep). • Location of TRPs and indirect-fire targets (point out location on graphics and terrain). • Rearward/forward passage of lines (discuss planned and routine activity around the obstacle). Mobility/Survivability • Obstacle trace (discuss corner grids on map and point them out on terrain). • Obstacle marking (rear side, all four sides, fence, signs, HEMMS poles, or no marking). Obstacle composition. • Location of gaps/lanes. • Method of closing gaps/lanes (MOPMS, ADAM, RAAM, conventional mines). • Location of material to close gaps/lanes. • CSS. Planned casualty evacuation and supply routes in the vicinity of the obstacle. C² DA Form 1355 or 1355-R, dated __________, transferred to receiving unit. • • Obstacle overlay, dated ___________, transferred to receiving unit. • Target folder, dated _________, preparing headquarters ____________, transferred to receiving uni Higher headquarters (transferring, receiving, and emplacing units) notified of transfer. • • DA Form 1355 or 1355-R forwarded. (NOTE: Three copies are required for transfer – one to transferring unit, one to receiving unit, and one to next higher headquarters common to both. CERTIFICATION The undersigned certify that the receiving unit has assumed full responsibility for the obstacle indicated above. The unit commander understands all the information related to the obstacle, the obstacle intent, and his responsibility to transfer or recover the obstacle upon his departure. ___________________________________ ___________________________________ Signature of Transferring Unit Commander Commander __________________________________ ___________________________________ Printed Name, Rank, and Date Date
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Signature of Receiving Unit
Printed Name, Rank, and
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Report for Bridge, Overpass, Culvert, Underpass, or Tunnel (BRIDGEREP) Purpose To report nature and condition of bridge, overpass, culvert, underpass or tunnel. Instructions Use FBCB2 Bridge Report as primary means of reporting. Since the BRIDGEREP creates a network wide icon with an associated hook dialog box with the text information from the message format, specific addressing is not required. If specific comments are included in the report comment box, only those to whom the message is addressed will receive those, so include the unit leadership, CP and supporting engineers in the address group. Submit FM reports to the next higher CP, unit leader or engineer as appropriate. Format Type and location (for a long tunnel, include both entrance and exit locations). Overall length. Width of roadway. Height restrictions. Length and number of spans. Computed classification. Bypass locations and conditions. Use this report for disseminating bypass information.
FBCB2 Report The bridge report creates a geo-referenced icon network wide and can be used for sending bridge data, but is also used for creating an icon for a lane through an obstacle or an obstacle bypass. For creating a lane icon, the message is filled as shown below, with no statement for bridge type, the start and end points for the lane in the bridge beginning and end location fields, and unknown for the controlling force field.
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ARNG POCKET PLANNING GUIDE Sample BRIDGEREP (FBCB2)
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Report for Ford, Ferry, or Other Crossing Site (CROSSREP) Purpose Reports nature and condition of ford, ferry or other crossing site. Instructions Utilize FBCB2 Free Text Message as primary means. Battalions may submit using MCS or MSE. FM is least preferred method. For all echelons, send report to next higher main CP and supporting engineer. Include unit leaders as appropriate or directed. Format Type and location. Length of crossing in meters. Usable width. Current speed in meters per second. Maximum depth in meters. Bottom material and condition. Capacity classification of any existing ferry equipment. Slope of entry bank. Slope of exit bank. Other comments as necessary.
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Obstacle Report Purpose Reports obstacles encountered or constructed. Instructions Submit immediately when obstacle is observed or when obstacle construction is initiated. Utilize FBCB2 Obstacle Report as primary means. The network-wide icon has a hook dialog box with the formatted message information. If special comments are included only those to whom the message is addressed will receive the message with comments. In this case, include those who need to read the comments (supporting engineer, S3 section or unit leaders). TF Engineer forward to BDE Engineer via FBCB2 or MCS; BDE Engineer forward to DIV and higher / adjacent units using MCS (message and overlay as appropriate). Format Type of obstacle or obstruction. Location, using grid coordinates. For large, complex obstacles, send the coordinates of the ends and of all turn points. Dimensions and orientation. Composition. Enemy weapons influencing obstacle. Observer's actions. Soil
FBCB2 Report The obstacle report will create a geo-referenced icon network wide. It is critical that the report be generated when an obstacle is initiated / completed, or when an unreported obstacle is encountered. Utilize the drop down menus to complete the report, ensuring that all corners/points of the obstacle are entered in the location fields.
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ARNG POCKET PLANNING GUIDE Sample Obstacle Report (FBCB2)
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Obstacle Request, Intent or Status Report Purpose To request, report intention or status on all obstacles. Instructions Submitted by all assigned and attached units requesting or emplacing obstacles in the BDE or TF AO. Submitted when requesting to emplace and report intention to construct an obstacle. Also used to report the status of obstacle emplacement (25%, 50%, 75%, 100%). Submitted to next higher headquarters (and forwarded higher) by fastest means available. Within the BDE, FBCB2 is the primary means followed by MCS and MSE. FM is the least desired means. Use FBCB2 Obstacle Report to create geo-referenced icon when beginning construction. Use free text format for requesting obstacle emplacement. Format Line-Item-Example 1OBSTACLE CONTROL DESIGNATOR Ex: (I004-H14-MD01) OBSTACLE LOCATION (GRID) EFFECTIVE DATE/TIME DATA (DTG) EMPLACING UNIT Ex: (1/A/299 EN BN) IMPACT ON MOVEMENT Ex: (DISRUPT) OBSTACLE TYPE Ex: (MINEFIELD) OBSTACLE DIMENSIONS (Height, Depth, Width, Length) MINEFIELD DATA (LAND SURFACE) OBSTACLE STATUS (PLANNED / EXECUTED) SAFE LANE LOCATION (GRID) 11ENEMY ACTIVITY Ex: (ATTACKING) BYPASS POTENTIAL (EASY / DIFFICULT) BY LOCATION (GRID) OBSERVATION DTG COMMENTS (REMARKS)
Request scatterable minefield (SCATMIN) using the following guidance: Utilize FBCB2 Free Text message as the primary request method. Battalions may submit using MCS or MSE. FM is least preferred method. Address digital request to TF / BDE Main with INFO addressing to BDE TAC, ENG BN TOC, BDE ALOC, FSB SPO, BDE Commander / CSM / S3, and higher / adjacent units. Companies or special platoons requesting scatterable mine support submit to next higher HQ. Submit at least twelve hours prior to planned execution.
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ARNG POCKET PLANNING GUIDE Format Line-Item-Example Approving Authority Ex: BDE CDR Target / Obstacle Number Ex: I004-K1A-SM01 Type of emplacing system Ex: MOPMS Type of mines Ex: AP / AT Life Cycle Ex: NET 270400MAY00 Ex: NLT 271000MAY00 Ex: 4HR Aim Point Ex: PV04586210 COM Corner Point Ex: Centerline SP* Corner Point Ex: Centerline EP* Corner Point Ex: Friendly Side SP** Corner Point Ex: Friendly Side EP** Corner Point Ex: Enemy Side SP** Corner Point Ex: Enemy Side EP** Corner Point Corner Point Size of safety zone from aim point Ex: 55 m Radius from COM*** Unit emplacing mines Ex: EN SCT / 299 EN BN Person completing report Ex: 1LT DABE DTG of report Ex: 250300MAY00 Remarks Ex: Trigger is FSE south at NAI 501
Notes: COM (Center of Minefield SP (Start Point) EP (End Pt) * Ground / Air Volcano, GATOR, and Flipper minefields only ** ADAM / RAAMS minefields only *** See FM 20-32 for Safety Zones and use the longest distance as the radius
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Route Reconnaissance Report (ROUTEREP) Purpose Reports the results of a route reconnaissance. Instructions Submitted at the initiation and conclusion of reconnaissance. Appropriate portions of report submitted when obstructions encountered or changes to route required. Utilize FBCB2 Free Text Message as primary means. Battalions may submit using MCS or MSE. FM is least preferred method. Individual platforms or platoons submit PL / PSG, CO Commander / XO / CP. Submit at least twelve hours prior to planned execution. Format "From" location. "To" location. Type of route, report using the following designations: Highway, report using the no. "1." Road, number "2." Trail, number "3." Cross-country, number "4." Classification of route. Check for height, width, and weight restrictions to determine the appropriate class, and report what vehicles the route is capable of handling using the following designations: All squadron / battalion vehicles (70 class minimum), report using the number "1." Tracked vehicles only, number "2." BFVs (or smaller) only (35 class restriction), number "3." Seasonal limitations of route based on weather-support capability, report as follows: All-weather (usable year-round), report using the letter "X." Limited all-weather (use limited during bad weather), letter "Y." Fair weather (may be impassable during bad weather), letter "Z." Rate of movement the route will support, report as follows: Fast, report using the number "1." Slow, number "2." Location and type of any critical points (send the applicable report). Report the following obstructions in all cases: curves with a radius of forty-five meters or less; uphill slopes with grades of 5% or greater; width restrictions of six meters or less for one-way traffic, ten meters or less for two-way traffic; and overhead clearance of 4.3 meters or less.
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Closure Report Purpose Reports unit movement status and capability of units to conduct future operations. Instructions Submit using FBCB2 Free Text message as primary with FM as alternate; battalions may submit closure reports using MCS or MSE as alternate. Submit report to TF / BDE Main with info addresses TF / BDE TAC, BDE ALOC, BDE CDR / CSM / S3. Garrison reports may be submitted by telephone. Submit initial report via FM including Unit and CP location upon closure of TOC. Submit final report upon completion of movement of the main body, or at a designated time, to the TF / BDE MAIN CP (field) or brigade SDNCO (garrison). The closure report is a status report and units need not be 100% to submit. A final report, however, is required once the unit is 100% complete (NLT arrival + two hours). For prolonged or complex movements (combination of transport modes), submit report every two hours or as directed by brigade. Format Unit. SP date / time. RP date / time. CP location (6-digit grid). Closure date / time. Accidents / incidents. Estimated time unit ready to conduct operations. Weapons / sensitive items inventory complete (YES / NO).
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Bypass Report Purpose Reports an obstacle bypass route. Instructions Submitted immediately when obstacle bypass confirmed using FBCB2 BRIDGEREP. Utilize FBCB2 as primary means. FM is alternate method. TF Engineer forward to BDE Engineer via FBCB2 or MCS; BDE Engineer forward to DIV and higher / adjacent units using MCS (message and overlay as appropriate). Format Observer or source. Length; width; surface type; grade. Coordinates of "from" / "to" locations. Seasonal / weather limitations. All-weather (usable year-round), reported using the letter "X." Limited all-weather (use limited during bad weather), letter "Y." Fair weather (may be impassable during bad weather), letter "Z." Bypass markings. Observer’s actions.
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ARNG POCKET PLANNING GUIDE Sample Bypass Report OBSTACLE-TURNOVER/TRANSFER REPORT OBSTACLE DATA Obstacle #
Obstacle Type
Emplacing Authority
Obstacle Location (8-digit grid)
Obstacle Effect
Emplacing Unit
Transferr ing Unit
Receiving Unit
TURNOVER DATA Date/Time of Transfer
Next Higher Command Common to Both
Date Obstacle Emplaced
TURNOVER CHECKLIST 1. Intelligence. a. Enemy activity forw ard of the obstacle (discuss enemy recon, breaching efforts, direction of movement, expected time) b. Friendly activity in the vicinity of the obstacle (discuss LOGPAC, recon, counterrecon, maneuver) c. Critical aspects of terrain in the vicinity of the obstacle 2. Maneuver. a. Obstacle protection against enemy recon/breaching (discuss overw atch, counterrecon patrols, sunrise sw eep) b. Location of TRPs and indirect fire targets (point out location on graphics and terrain) c. Rearw ard/forw ard passage of lines (discuss planned and routine activity around the obstacle) d. Familiarize w ith other friendly units adjacent to the obstacle 3. Mobility/Survivability. a. Obstacle trace (discuss corner point grids on map and point out on terrain) b. Obstacle marking (explain type of marking and on w hich sides of the obstacle) c. Obstacle composition (location of disarming materials) d. Location of lanes/gaps and method of closing lanes/gaps e. Location of material to close lanes/gaps f. Explain purpose and target of obstacle, reporting procedures, and authority for emplacement 4. CSS. a. Planned casualty evacuation and supply routes in the vicinity of the obstacle 5. C2. a. DA Form 1355 or 1355-1-R, dated __________, transferred to receiving unit b. DA Form 2203, dated _________, trans ferred to receiving unit b. Obstacle overlay, dated __________, transferred to receiving unit c. Target folder, dated _________, transferred to receiving unit d. Higher headquarters (transferring, receiving, and emplacing units) notified of transfer e. DA Form 1355 or 1355-1-R forw arded f. 2 Copies of this form, dated ________, given to receiving unit RECEIVING UNIT REQUIREMENTS _______ Emplace the obstacle _______ Overw atch the obstacle _______ Complete the obstacle _______ Remove the markings _______ Execute the obstacle _______ Close the Lanes _______ Guard the obstacle _______ Report the Effect
The Authority to Execute this Obstacle is: ______________________________________________ You MA Y / MAY NOT Execute this Obstacle to Prevent Immediate Capture by the Enemy CERTIFICATION The undersigned certify that the receiving unit has assumed full responsibility for the obstacle indicated above. The unit commander understands all the information related to the obstacle, the obstacle intent, and his responsibility to transfer of recover the obstacle upon his departure.
_______________________________________ Signature of Transferring Unit Commander/Date
_________________________________________ Signature of Receiving Unit Commander/Date
_______________________________________ Printed Name and Rank
_________________________________________ Printed Name and Rank
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Unexploded Ordnance (UXO) Report Purpose Report discovered unexploded ordnance. Instructions Report by the fastest means available to next higher HQs. Ensure TF / BDE Main is notified. Format DTG Reporting unit and location How unit can be contacted (FM frequency / call sign or phone number) Type munitions and how it appears to have been delivered (dropped, placed, projected, etc.) NBC contamination Resources threatened Impact on mission Protective measures taken; how UXO marked Priority (immediate, minor, no threat)
ENSURE UXO IS CLEARLY MARKED AND WARNING IS POSTED!!
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Intelligence Reports Sensitive Item Report Purpose Maintain status of accountability for unit sensitive items. Instructions Platoons submit to company CP NLT 0530 and 1730, or upon sensitive item being unaccounted for. Companies / separate platoons report to TF NLT 0600 and 1800; TF to BDE NLT 0630 and 1830. Routine report submitted by FBCB2, MCS, MSE or FM. Report of unaccounted item submitted immediately by fastest means available. Reports submitted to BDE Main. Format Report should read "GREEN for sensitive items" if all weapons and sensitive items are accounted for. Submit report immediately, in following format, if there are sensitive items unaccounted for during daily checks, or at any time an item is lost or stolen. DTG of loss / theft. Unit reporting loss / theft. Type of sensitive item lost / stolen, including serial number. Name / Rank / SSN of individual(s) involved in incident. Synopsis of events surrounding the loss / theft.
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Battle Damage Assessment Report (BDAREP) Report Number B005 (USMTF # C104) Instructions Use to provide a timely and accurate estimate of damage resulting from the application of military force, either lethal or non-lethal, against a predetermined objective. Reference: FM 9-43-1. Format LINE 1 – DATE AND TIME (DTG) LINE 2 – UNIT (Unit Making Report) LINE 3 – NAME (Target or Installation Name) LINE 4 − COUNTRY CODE (2-Letter Country Code) LINE 5 − LINE BEN (Basic Encyclopedia Number, NA or UNKNOWN) LINE 6 − LOCATION (UTM or 6-Digit Grid Coordinate with MGRS Grid Zone Designator) LINE 7 − TM REF (Target Material Reference) LINE 8 − PAGE NO. (Page or Sheet Number) LINE 9 − COLLECTION DATE / TIME (IMINT Collection DTG) LINE 10 − TYPE (Type of IMINT) LINE 11 − QUALITY (Image Quality; GOOD / FAIR / POOR) LINE 12 − ANGLE (Viewing Angle – Vertical or Oblique) LINE 13 − TOT (Time-Over-Target for Attack DTG) LINE 14 − DELIVERY SYSTEM (Number and Type of Delivery System) LINE 15 − WEAPONS (Number and Type of Weapons and Fusing) LINE 16 − AIM POINT NAME (Name or Description of Target Element) LINE 17 − LOCATION (UTM or 6-Digit Grid Coordinate with MGRS Grid Zone Designator) **Repeat lines 1 through 17 for multiple missions or sets of mission data. Assign sequential lines to succeeding iterations; for example, first iteration 13 through 17; second iteration 13a through 17a; third iteration 13b through 17b; and so on. LINE 18 − BDA ANALYSIS (Narrative of Target Damage and Munitions Effects to Include: Element Name, Grid Reference, Physical Damage, Confidence Level, and Whether Re-attack is Required) LINE 19 – NARRATIVE (Free Text for Additional Information Required for Clarification of Report) LINE 20 – AUTHENTICATION (Report Authentication)
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Detained Civilian Personnel Report (DETAINCIVREP) Report Number D020 (USMTF # C070) Instructions Use to provide commander of incidents where the unit has detained civilian personnel. Send report IAW unit SOPs. Reference: FM 19-40. Format LINE 1 – DATE AND TIME (DTG) LINE 2 – UNIT (Unit Making Report) LINE 3 – NO. DETAINEES / NO. AWAITING RELEASE (Number of Personnel Detained and Awaiting Release to Foreign Nation Authorities) LINE 4 – LOCATION (UTM or 6-Digit Grid Coordinate with MGRS Grid Zone Designator of Collection Point) LINE 5 – REASON FOR DETENTION (Reason for Detaining Civilian Personnel) LINE 6 – MEDICAL CONDITION (Report if Detained Persons Require Any Emergency Medical Treatment) LINE 7 – POC (POC of Foreign Nation Support) LINE 8 – PM ASSESSMENT (PM Assessment) LINE 9 – NARRATIVE (Free Text for Additional Information Required for Clarification of Report) LINE 10 – AUTHENTICATION (Report Authentication)
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R&S Report Sample R&S Report
Note: Include name and unit if faxed or delivered by LNO. Line 1 - Unit:
Line 2 - R & S Asset (Patrols, Sensors, Ops, etc) (Include size of patrols):
Line 3 - Grid location of asset or route of patrol (grid to grid to grid):
Line 4 - NAI asset is covering:
Line 5 - Start time (DTG) of asset activity (Include time of departure for patrols and time surveillance Started):
Line 6 - Stop time (DTG) of asset activity (Include time of return for patrols and time surveillance ceased):
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Weather Forecast Sample Weather Forecast Line 1 - Issue Time (DTG): Line 2 Valid period (DTG): Narrative (24 hour forecast):
Line 3 Valid period (DTG): Narrative (24-48 hour forecast):
Line 4 - Narrative (special interest forecast):
Line 5 - Surface temperature:
Line 6 - Solar data:
Line 7 - Lunar data:
Note: Include name and unit if faxed or delivered by LNO.
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Weather Advisory The weather advisory will be used to notify subordinate units of unusual / extreme weather conditions. Sample Weather Advisory Line 1 - Time of report (DTG):
Line 2 - Weather condition:
Line 3 - Expected duration of weather condition:
Line 4 - Affected missions:
Note: Include name and unit if faxed or delivered by LNO.
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Request for Information (RFI) Purpose To request information from higher, adjacent or subordinate units to resolve intelligence gaps. Instructions Submit to action addressee via digital system if possible, with MSE or FM as alternate means. Format DTG of request. Unit requesting information. Information requested. Response NLT DTG.
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Response to RFI Communication (RRFI) Instructions Submit to requester via digital system if possible, with MSE or FM as alternate means. Format DTG of response. Unit answering RFI. Response to RFI. DTG of further explanation, if applicable.
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Intelligence Summary (INTSUM) Distribution The TFS2 section will send the INTSUM at 0600 and 1800, two hours prior to an LD or Defend NLT time, and as the situation requires. The S2 section will send written and graphic INTSUMS via ASAS to FBCB2. The section will notify the units once complete. FM updates will be on the TF CMD net. Format: Written INTSUM Format 1. S2, TF 1-23 AR, 52nd ID 2. Operation / Exercise / OPORD #, INTSUM #, Effective DTG. 3. Time period covered. 4. Effective Summary. Summarize activity since last INTSUM. 5. Current Assessment. Describe the enemy’s current 6. Next 24 Hours – Assessment. Describe what you think the enemy will do over the next 24hour period.
Graphic INTSUM: One page picture with brief situation description, analysis and assessment. Sample Graphic INTSUM
Current Situation as of: DTG
Enemy Significant Activities: Describe major activities over the last 24 hours
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Patrol Report Purpose To provide a guide for debriefing dismounted patrols and reporting patrol results to higher HQs. Instructions If submitted to higher headquarters, utilize MCS, ASAS, or FBCB2 free text formats summarizing information if appropriate. Utilize MSE or FM as alternate means. Format Designation of patrol. Include “To,” “From,” and “Maps Size and composition of patrol. Task. Time of departure. Time of return. Routes (out and back). Terrain. This includes a description of terrain by type, depth of ravines and draws, condition of bridges, and effect of terrain on tracked and wheeled vehicles. Enemy. This includes details of enemy strength, disposition (including any shifts in disposition), defenses, equipment, weapons, attitude, morale, exact location, and movements. The report should include the time enemy activity was observed and coordinates of the location where activity occurred. Any map corrections. Miscellaneous information, including pertinent details of NBC warfare. Results of encounters with the enemy. This includes enemy prisoners and casualties, captured documents and equipment, identification of enemy elements, and enemy disposition after the contact. Condition of the patrol, including disposition arrangements for any dead or wounded. Conclusions and recommendations, including the extent to which the mission was accomplished and any recommendations as to patrol equipment and tactics. Additional remarks by the debriefer.
Note. The report should conclude with the name, rank / grade, and organization / unit of the patrol leader.
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EPW / Captured Material Report Purpose Reports possible enemy disruption of communications or imitative deception communications. Instructions Submit ASAP following capture, prior to evacuation. Primary means is FBCB2 Free Text message with FM as alternate. Platforms / platoons submit report to chain of command to CO Commander / XO / 1SG / CP. Companies report to next higher; addressees are TF / BDE S2 with information to TF / BDE Main, TAC, Rear CPs and BDE MP PLT for EPW RPT. Format For EPW State "GREEN 6." Item captured (state "EPW"). DTG of capture ("260845SEP83"). Place of capture, using grid coordinates ("NS 621434"). Capturing unit (appropriate call sign). Circumstances of capture, described as briefly as possible. For Captured Equipment State "GREEN 6." Item captured ("MATERIAL"). Type of document or equipment ("ANCD"). DTG of capture ("160900JUN02"). Place of capture, using grid coordinates ("NE 824615"). Capturing unit (appropriate call sign). Circumstances of capture, described as briefly as possible.
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SAEDA Report Purpose Reports attempts by individuals to obtain classified information, conduct espionage and / or subvert US forces, their friends or family. Instructions Submit ASAP to TF / BDE S2 and unit leaders via digital system if possible, with MSE or FM as alternate means. Format DTG of incident Location of incident Persons involved, including witnesses and other sources and suspects Narrative of incident Actions taken by personnel involved Comments
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SALUTE “A” Report Sample SALUTE A Report
S - Size (number of sighted personnel/vehicles):
A - Activity (what the enemy is doing):
L - Location (grid or reference from a know point):
U - Unit (patches, signs, or markings):
T - Time (time the activity was observed):
E - Equipment (describe/identify all equipment associated with the activity):
A - Action taken (most important part of the salute report):
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Debrief Format Line-Format-Example Patrol Identification: (2/B/1-187 Patrol 2) DTG of Report: (27 0430R JUL 95) Maps Used: 1:50,000 FTCKYMIM LINE A Size and Composition of Team Ex: 6; 3/2/B/1-187 IN LINE B Mission Ex: At 0100 2/B/2-14 IN conducts a squad sized security patrol to DR345876 to prevent enemy infiltration. LINE C Specific Information Requirements (SIR) Ex: Any enemy activity. LINE D Reporting Requirements Ex: Any enemy activity. LINE E Time of Departure (DTG) Ex: 271255R JUL 95 Method of Infiltration Ex: Foot Point of Departure (Grid) Ex: DR321654 LINE F Enemy Spotted En-route Ex: None 1. Ground Activity 2. Air Activity 3. Miscellaneous Activity LINE G Routes (Out) Ex: 1 - DR321654, DR345875 1. Dismounted 2. By-Aircraft 3. By-Vehicle LINE H Terrain Ex: Key terrain - Hilltop 651 controls road. Key Terrain, Compartmented Terrain intersection. Significant Terrain, Terrain Corridors & Map corrections: Road from DR4567 DR45779 (not on map). LINE I Enemy Forces and Installations Ex: 2-man sniper team at DR326687 @ 0145. LINE J Miscellaneous Information 1. Lack of animals/Strange animal behavior 2. Mutilated Plants 3. Strange, uncommon Insects 4. Abandoned Military Equipment (a) out of fuel (b) unserviceable (c) destroyed / damaged Ex: 4c. 2 x BTR-60s with wheels blown off (d) intact Ex: 4d. 1 x T-80 hidden in brush DR645987 5. Abandoned Towns / Villages LINE K Results of Encounters with Enemy Force and Local Populace Ex: 2 enemy KIA; a local from Drumville stated the enemy was foraging for food and using local water supply. LINE L Condition of Team (Include Disposition of Dead and Wounded) Ex: One soldier shot in left arm, currently stable at the battalion aid station.
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ARNG POCKET PLANNING GUIDE LINE M Any maps or other identifiable equipment lost on patrol and estimated location. Ex: PLGR with “2/b/1-187 IN label was lost vic. DR154784. LINE N Conclusions and Recommendations Ex: Small units are probing perimeter. LINE O Captured Enemy Equipment and Material Ex: 1 x SVD, 1 x AK-74. LINE P Time of Extraction (DTG) Ex: 27 0245R JUL 95 Method of Exfiltration Ex: Foot LINE Q Routes (Back) Ex: 1. DR347873 to DR321655 LINE R Enemy Spotted during the Return 1. Ground Activity Ex: N of DR128764 Air Activity Ex: U/I Helicopter passed 1km 3. Miscellaneous Activity Ex: 10 minute firefight heard at 032 degrees magnetic from DR127763 at 0245. LINE S Time of Return (DTG) Ex: 27 0345R JUL 95 Point of Return (Grid) Ex: DR321655 Team Leader Name and Rank Ex: SSG Prussia
Additional Remarks by Debriefer: Ex: Patrol leader very tired and had to be prompted for information on enemy contacts.
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Personnel Reports Personnel Status Report (PERSTAT) Purpose Reports personnel status to higher headquarters and provides a tool for requisitioning new personnel. Instructions Companies and lower submit using FBCB2 PERSTAT with FM as alternate, with addressees including TF / BDE Rear and TF / BDE S1. Platoons report to CO 1SG / XO / Commander / CP NLT 1200 and 2400 daily. 1SG forwards company report to TF S1 NLT 1230 and 0030 daily. TF submits to BDE NLT 0200 and 1400 daily. Attachments, DS and OPCON units report though the unit being supported or attached to. Battalions submit via FBCB2 PERSTAT, MCS or MSE. Analog Format Submitted By Line In Slant Format By Officer / Warrant / Enlisted Line –Item-Example 1UNIT / DTG 2PERSONNEL ASSIGNED Ex: (5/0/86) 3PERSONNEL ATTACHED Ex: (0/0/7) 4PERSONNEL DETACHED Ex: (0/0/4) 5TOTAL PERSONNEL Ex: (5/0/89) 6TOTAL PERSONNEL PRESENT FOR DUTY Ex: (5/0/75) 7WOUNDED IN ACTION 8KILLED IN ACTION 9MISSING IN ACTION 10PERSONNEL ON LEAVE/PASS Ex: (0/0/2) 11PERSONNEL TDY 12PRSONNEL AWOL 13PERSONNEL ON REAR DETACHMENT Ex: (0/0/12) 14PERSONNEL REPLACEMENTS REQUIRED (RANK / SPECIALTY / QUANTITY)
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ARNG POCKET PLANNING GUIDE FBCB2 PERSTAT Report FBCB2 is the primary means for submitting the Personnel Report for company and smaller units, and for battalions without CSSCS. The PERSTAT Report does not have default address groups. Platforms address to PSG and PL. PSG addresses to 1SG / XO / Commander / CP. Report from company should be addressed to TF / BDE Rear and Main CPs and S1. The initial unit roster is created from the bottom up with each platform in putting the personnel data for the soldiers associated with that system. The PERSTAT is then rolled up at platoon and company and sent as a company roll-up to the BDE CSSCS for action with an info copy to the BN CSSCS (if equipped). The BN PERSTAT report is then sent back down to each platform so that changes in personnel status can be tracked and reported back up the chain. When changes are reported, the system only reports on changes to records in the database from the last time a personnel status report was sent. Default addressees are not provided with this message. The PERSTAT build and CTIL receipt are sent immediately following a UTO change. In the ideal scenario, the UTO is transmitted as part of predeployment operations order. After commanders have reported 100 % acceptance of the UTO, the CTIL action message can be sent and accepted and the PERSTAT can be built. These tasks can then be checked as part of PCC / PCIs. Sample Personnel Status Report (FBCB2)
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Personnel SPOT Report Sample Personnel SPOT Report
PERSONNEL SPOT REPORT
A. UNI T_____ ____________________________________ B. DTG PREPARED_________________________________ LOSS CATEGORY
C. OFF
D. WO
E. ENL
F. TOTAL
KI A WI A MI A
NON BATTLE LOSSES
G. TOTAL LOSSES H. REMARKS______________________________________________ ________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________
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Casualty Report Purpose Reports personnel status to higher headquarters and provides a tool for requisitioning new personnel. Instructions Companies and lower submit using FBCB2 Free Text message with FM as alternate, with addressees including BDE ALOC and BDE S1 with BDE Main / TAC as info addressees. Battalions submit via FBCB2 or MCS with MSE or FM as alternate means. Submit ASAP. Format A. Battle roster number. B. DTG of the incident. C. Location of the incident (encoded). D. Type of casualties, encoded by letter as follows: ALPHA: KIA, hostile action. BRAVO: KIA, non-hostile action. CHARLIE: Body recovered. DELTA: Body not recovered. ECHO: Body identified. FOXTROT: Body not identified. GOLF: MIA. HOTEL: Captured. INDIA: WIA, slight, hostile action. JULIET: WIA, serious, hostile action. KILO: WIA, slight, non-hostile action. LIMA: WIA, serious, non-hostile action. MIKE: Accident. Status of evacuation and location to which casualties are evacuated.
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MEDEVAC Request Purpose Requests immediate evacuation of casualties. Instructions Submitted by the fastest means available. Requests for urgent casualties should always be initiated on FM to get the most rapid response, followed by a digital request. Routine evacuation request may be sent via FBCB2 MEDEVAC message, but should be accompanied by an FM alert to the primary addressee. Installation MEDEVAC FM frequencies. Format 1. Location of pickup site (grid coordinates) 2. Radio Frequency (your call sign and suffix) 3. Number of patients by precedence: A –Urgent (save life, limb, eyesight within two hours) B –Urgent -Surgical (surgery required to save life and stabilize) C – Priority (required medical care is not available, will deteriorate to Urgent if not evacuated within four hours) D – Routine (sick and wounded who require evacuation within twenty-four hours) E – Convenience 4. Special equipment required A – none B – hoist C – extraction D – ventilator 5. Number of patients by type L + # patients – Litter A + # patients – Ambulatory 6. Security of pick up site N – no enemy troops in area P – possible enemy troops E – enemy troops in area, approach with caution X – enemy troops in area, armed escort required 7. Method of marking pickup site (LZ) A – panels B – pyrotechnic signal C – smoke signal D – none E – other 8. Patients nationality and status (military / civilian) A – US military B – US civilian C – Non-US military D – Non-US civilian E – EPW 9. NBC contamination N – Nuclear B – Biological
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**When air / ground communications are established, the pilot will require the following information from the ground (LZ): Size of LZ, obstacles (wire, antennas, ditch, vehicles), wind direction and velocity and the slope of the terrain.
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ARNG POCKET PLANNING GUIDE FBCB2 MEDEVAC Message The combat MEDEVAC report is used to call for a medical evacuation. All required fields are provided on this form. The message specifications require a 17- character call sign and a 2-character frequency in order for it to work. Users should add enough characters (zeros) to the end of the correct call sign and frequency to fulfill this requirement. Prior to utilizing the combat MEDEVAC, users must enter the Radio Frequency and Call Sign for their platform in the “Admin>Platform Settings>Misc” dialog box on the BCOPS screen. This will allow the software to automatically fill the information in the message. Users cannot enter this information directly into this form. Both fields require more characters than Army call signs / frequencies have, so use zeros to fill them completely. Dialog Box on BCOPS Screen (FBCB2)
Select the MEDEVAC report from the Combat Messages Box using the MEDEVAC tab. Fill in the fields using the drop down menus. Type in the
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ARNG POCKET PLANNING GUIDE pickup location or use the map or LRF fill options. Ensure that the Radio Frequency and Call Sign are showing. Sample MEDEVAC Request (FBCB2)
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Medical Situation Report (MEDSITREP) Purpose To report medical status, medical trends, and patients treated. Instructions Medical platoons and FSC Medical Company submit daily at 2300 using FBCB2 Medical SITREP (See below) format. Data is from 0100 to 2300. Submit to BDE Surgeon and FSB Area Treatment Team, with TF / BDE Rear and FSC / FSB SPO as info addressees. BDE Surgeon compiles data and submits to DIV Surgeon NLT 2400. Sample Medical SITREP (FBCB2)
Analog Format DTG: FROM: LINE 1: VEHICLE STATUS: TYPE-O/H-FMC-NMCA. M997 B. M113 C. M923 D. M1068/M557
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ARNG POCKET PLANNING GUIDE E. M998 LINE 2: CLASS VIII CRITICAL SHORTAGES: NOMENCLATURE-REQ-O/H LINE 3: CRITICAL SHORT MED PERSONNEL STATUS:QUANTITY-MOSLINE 4: DNBI INFORMATION: A. MEDICAL TRENDS, CONCERNS, POTENTIAL THREATS B. REAL WORLD PATIENTS (LAST 24 HOURS): TOTAL SEEN: RTD EVAC C. REAL WORLD PATIENTS (LAST 24 HOURS): TOTAL SEEN: RTD EVAC LINE 5: CASUALTIES (LAST 24 HOURS) A. EVAC BY AIR B. EVAC BY GROUND C. DOW D. RTDE. TOTAL ______LINE 6: CASUALTIES (TOTAL) F. EVAC BY AIR. G. EVAC BY GROUND H. DOW I. RTD J. TOTAL ______
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Casualty Feeder Report Sample Casualty Feeder Report
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Logistics Reports Logistics Status Report (LOGSTAT) Purpose Reports logistical status and requirements forecast. Instructions Report is initiated starting at platform level, and rolled up at platoon and company level. Platform sends to PL / PSG; PSG consolidates and sends to 1SG / Commander daily by 0700. 1SG consolidates and sends company report to TF Rear (S4), Main CPs, FSC SPO, and the brigade S4 and FSB SPO CSSCS box NLT 0800. (CSSCS will only receive the LOGSTAT from the 1SG, Commander, XO, or Company CP FBCB2.) Format (FBCB2 Report) See succeeding card. Highlight critical shortages / requirements in accompanying free text comments. LOGSTAT reports initiate at the platform level, with the flow of the reports from the platform to the PSG, who consolidates the platoon’s reports and forwards a single report to the 1SG. The 1SG consolidates the company’s reports and forwards a single report to the BN S4, the FSC and the FSB SPO. BN S4’s may roll up the reports to a single BN report for his use or as required by the Commander / staff, but the individual company reports must be sent to the FSB SPO CSSCS in order to track units at the lowest possible level. Before consolidating (roll-up) reports, check the FIPR queue to see if the right number of reports has been received. The report is based on authorized and on-hand quantities. The required quantity is calculated based on those two data fields. Additional requirements above authorized level are coordinated for in comments field or separate free text messages. Save the message before sending; a warning will be given if this is not done.
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ARNG POCKET PLANNING GUIDE Sample LOGSTAT Report (FBCB2)
The LOGSTAT is based on the Commander’s Tracked Items List (CTIL). The BDE S4 tailors the division CTIL and establishes the BDE CTIL and forwards it to the BN S4s and separate company / troop 1SGs. At battalion / troop level, the BDE CTIL is modified to fit the unit requirements, then forwarded to each platform in the unit. Vehicles accepting a CTIL action message cause the database to be modified. If a platform operator does not open the CTIL action message from the FIPR function the changes to the database will not be posted to his system. This can cause logistical tracking problems if an operator does not open each CTIL action message as it is received or if multiple CTIL action messages are in the FIPR and he does not open them in the proper (sequential) date time group sequence. To have a common operating picture for logistics, units should track acceptance of the CTIL message, just like a UTR change. When a CTIL message is received and saved, it will overwrite the FBCB2 LOGSTAT data. A warning message is given prior to saving. The best TTP for both the PERSTAT build and CTIL receipt is to schedule these events right after the UTO has been sent and received. In the ideal scenario, the UTO is transmitted as part of pre-deployment operations order (i.e., the week before training). Later that day, after commanders have reported 100% acceptance of the UTO, the CTIL action message can be sent © Battle Command Training Center (BCTC) Fort Leavenworth, KS 66027-2346
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ARNG POCKET PLANNING GUIDE and accepted and the PERSTAT can be built. These tasks are checked as part of PCC / PCIs. Sample LOGSTAT Report (FBCB2) (continued)
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Battle Loss Report The Battle Loss Report outlines critical equipment that is rendered nonmission capable. Sample Battle Loss Report
Battle Loss Report As of: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.
LIN # UNIT LOCATION OF LOSS NOMENCLATURE QUANTITY REASON FOR LOSS REPORTING UNIT CONTROL # 8. BDE CONTROL # 9. DMMC DOC #
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AMMO Status / Request Purpose Reports status or request ammunition. Instructions These reports are primarily used internally at task force and below, but may be used by platoon and company elements such as the BRT operating directly under TF / BDE control. Primary method of transmission is via FBCB2 Free Text message or FM. If report is going to BDE, ensure BDE ALOC and FSB SPO or included in addressees. Submitted as required or requested. Format AMMO Status 1. GREEN: 90% or more on hand, all ammunition types. 2. AMBER: 80% to 89% on hand, all ammunition types. 3. RED: 60% to 79% on hand, all ammunition types. 4. BLACK: 59% or less on hand, all ammunition types. Note. BLACK status requires immediate follow-up with an Ammo Request. GREEN, AMBER, or RED status does not require submission of an Ammo Request. AMMO Request The FBCB2 SITREP can be used to report ammo status and request, but only one type of ammo can be entered in the message field per message. Additional shortages / requests can be added in the comments field. At TF level and lower, critical ammo shortages will be reported and requested using FM as primary method. If requesting via FM, provide the ammunition type / nomenclature / DODAC or line number and number of rounds required.
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POL Status / Request Purpose Report status or request ammunition. Instructions These reports are primarily used internally at task force and below, but may be used by platoon and company elements such as the BRT operating directly under TF / BDE control. Primary method of transmission is via FBCB2 Free Text message or FM. If report is going to BDE, ensure BDE ALOC and FSB SPO or included in addressees. Submitted as required or requested. Format POL Status 1. GREEN: 90% or more on hand, all ammunition types. 2. AMBER: 80% to 89% on hand, all ammunition types. 3. RED: 60% to 79% on hand, all ammunition types. 4. BLACK: 59% or less on hand, all ammunition types.
Note: BLACK status in a POL Status Report requires immediate follow-up with a POL Request. GREEN, AMBER, or RED status does not require submission of a POL Request. POL Request The FBCB2 SITREP can be used to report POL status and request. At TF level and lower, critical POL shortages will be reported and requested using FM as primary method. Provide POL item description or line number and quantity required.
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REFERENCES FM 3-0, Operations FM 5-0 (101-5), Army Planning and Orders Production FM 6-0, Mission Command: Command and Control of Army Forces FM 17-95, Cavalry Operations FM 34-8, Combat Commander’s Handbook on Intelligence FM 34-2, Collection Management and Synchronization Planning FM 34-2-1, Tactics, Techniques, and Procedures for Reconnaissance and Surveillance and Intelligence Support to Counter-reconnaissance ST 3-90.23, Mechanized Infantry and Armor Battalion Task Force Tactical SOP FM 101-5-2, U. S. Army Reports and Message Formats Commander’s Battle Staff Handbook, ARI Research Product Battle Command Training Program, C-Team Workshops Selected Unit TACSOPs
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