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Patofisiologi dan Gambaran Klinis Penyakit Parkinson

Hillary M.R Kokali 102015128 / B4 Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Kristen Krida Waana !l. "r#una Utara $o.%& !akarta 'arat 11510 11510 ()*ail+ H,--"R.2015k128ivitas.ukrida.a.id Abstrak 

ala* aktivitas seari)ari *anusia 3asti *eni*'ulkan atau *e*iu suatu erak  yan terkendali dan alus& di*ana 3ererakan terse'ut dikendalikan ole otak serta oran) oran yan 'er3eran. a3i& ada satu *asa di*ana 3ererakan *en#adi tidak terkendali dan alus se3erti se*ula karena adanya anuan di otak. 6ala satu 3enyakit yan *enye'a'kan  3ererakan dari anota erak tu'u *anusia teranu adala 7enyakit  Parkinson.  Parkinson. 7enyakit terse'ut 'iasanya di derita ole 3asien yan suda lan#ut usia dan serin dikira se'aai  3enyakit *enua nor*al& seina tidak dilakukan 3eno'atan dan 3eneaan sa*3ai  3enyakit terse'ut 'erlan#ut ke stadiu* yan le'i aat. 7enyakit ini ter#adi aki'at anuan di 'aian otak& le'i te3atnya di substansia di  substansia nigra yan nigra yan *eru3akan 'aian dari basal ganglia. ganglia . 9e#a 9e#ala la klini liniss yan an ti* ti*'ul 'ul 'eru eru3a: 3a: tremor & rigiditas& rigiditas& akinesia-bradikinesia& akinesia-bradikinesia&  postural  instability& instability& dan lain)lain.  Abstract 

 In everyday human activities certainly cause or trigger a controlled and smooth movement, where the movement is controlled by the brain and the organs that play a role. But there was a time when movements become uncontrollable and smooth as before due to an interruption in the brain. One disease that causes movement of the limbs of the human body is disturbed   Parkinson's disease. he disease is usually suffered by patients who are elderly and are often mistaken for normal aging disease, so it is not done until the treatment and prevention of the disease progress to a more serious stage. he disease is caused by interference on the part of  the brain, more precisely in the substantia nigra, which is part of the basal ganglia. !linical   symptoms arise in the form" tremor, tremor, rigidity, akinesia-bradykinesia, postural instability, and  others.

Pendahuluan

6iste* ekstrapiramidal  terdiri dari  ganglia basalis&  substansia nigra& dan nukleus  subthalamus. 7erinta dari korteks motorik  ke medulla spinalis di3enarui ole  ganglia basalis  dan  serebellum  leat thalamus. enan de*ikian erakan otot *en#adi alus& terara& dan ter3rora*. 9anuan yan ter#adi 3ada  ganglia basalis  da3at *enye'a'kan anuan ekstrapiramidal   se3erti korea& atetosis& bradikinesia& dan akinesia. 6eara anato*i& #anglia basalis tersusun dari 'e'era3a kelo*3ok inti& yaitu striatum ; putamen  dan nucleus caudatus