Bioqui INFORME 3 - Documentos de Google

 

  RLKVBY]KNAN LAMKJLA@ AHYAYKA @A DJ@KLA FAMR@^AN NB MKBLMKA] NBSAY^ADBL^J AMANËDKMJ NB QRÄDKMA

@AIJYA^JYKJ NB IKJQRÄDKMA SYÁM^KMA L³ =

SYBSAYAMKÝL NB ]J@RMKJLB] IRFFBY]  1. 9. =. >.

Mastk``j Marralza, @bkny Saj`a Mub``ar Aquklj, Darharkta Dbrmbnbs Jrb``ala Yjsa`bs, Dk`ahrjs B`sa Sa`a Sa`amk mkjs js Ia Iarr rrkb kblt ltjs js,, Ir Irbl blna na ]j ]jfä fäa a

(93173>2=) (931839>;) (93173>82) (9 (931 3173 731 118 18))

Hrupj (Näa/Gjra)? A* Dartbs 11?33 11?33 ad ” 1?33 pd Fbmga nb `a prámtkma? Dartbs = nb ]bptkbdirb nb` 931; Fbmga nb bltrbha nb klfjrdb? Dartbs 13 nb ]bptkbdirb nb` 931;

931; ” KK

 

1. KL KL^Y ^YJN JNRM RMMK MKÝL ÝL B` pG  nb `js dbnkjs ikj`ýhkmjs bs ula mjlstaltb fulnadblta` para b` daltblkdkbltj nb  `js prjmbsjs vkta`bs. @a ammkýl blzkdátkma y `as tr tral alsf sfjr jrda damk mkjl jlbs bs qu quäd ädkm kmas as  nb `as `as më më`u `u`a `ass sb rba` rba`kz kzal al nb nblt ltrj rj nb ul uljs js bs bstr trkm kmtj tjss dárhblbs nb pG. Bl gudaljs  `js va`jrbs bxtrbdjs mjdpatki`bs mjl `a vkna y mjl b` dalt da ltbl blkd kdkb kblt ltj j nb  fu fulm lmkj kjlb lbss vkta vkta`b `bss js jsmk mk`a `al l bl bltr trb b 6, 6,7 7 y 8, 8,75 75 skbl skblnj nj b` bs bstr trbm bmgj gj darh da rhb bl nb 8. 8.= =2 a 8. 8.> >2 b` nb ljr jrda da`k`kn nan an.. ^ad adik ikël ël bl b` tra traia iaoj oj nb `aij `aijra ratj tjrk rkj, j, bs kdprbsmklnki`b  b` daltblkdkbltj nb ul pG para `a rba`kz `kzamkýl nb dumgas rbam rbammk mkjl jlbs bs qu quäd ädkm kmjj-ik ikj` j`ýh ýhkm kmas as..  @j @jss skst skstbd bdas as bl blma marh rhan anjs js nb bv bvktktar ar hral hralnb nbss vark va rka amkjl mkjlbs bs nb`  va` a`j jr nb pG sjl `j `jss nb nblj ljdk dkla lanj njss ‐adj ‐adjrt rtkh khu uan anj jrbs rbs, iuf uffb fbrr, j tadpjlbs—. (^ÿlbz, K., Ha`vál, A. & Fbrlálnbz, B. A. 9319) Sara pr Sara prbp bpar arar ar  `as `as sj sj`u `umk mkjl jlbs bs iu iuff ffbr br sb ut utk`k`kz kzal al sj sj`u `umk mkjl jlbs bs mj mjlm lmbl bltr tran anas as,, qu qub b sb nk`uybl  a vj`ÿdblbs bstai`bmknjs pjr `js fairkmaltbs j pastk``as mjl b` dksdj jiobtkvj.  (Salbqub, V. bt a` 9313) bstas nbibl mjltblbr sus mjdpjlbltbs iáskmj kmjs  qub sjl pjr `j hblbra` sj`umkjlbs nb ámknjs nëik`b k`bs y nb sus  iasbs mjlouhanas j nb iasbs nëik`bs y sus ámknjs mjlouhanjs. @js adj ad jrt rtkh khu uan anjr jrbs bs rb rbssks kstb tbl l  ta tal ltj a `a ankm ankmký kýl l nb ámkn mknjs mjd jdj j nb ias asbs bs.. (^ÿ (^ÿlb lbz, z, K. bt a` 9319).

 

9. YB] YB]R@ R@^ ^ANJ] ANJ] Iuffbr 1

Iuffbr Ambtatj? pG 2 a 3.39D

MG=MJJG 3.9D (d@)

=.2>2 d@

MG=MJJLa 3.9D (d@)

6.>2 d@

Iuffbr 9

Iuffbr Ambtatj? pG 2 a 3.39D

MG=MJJG 3.9D (d@)

;.;;2 d@

LaJG(s) SD4>3 (h)

3.3216 h

Iuffbr = Fjsfatj djljiáskmj (h) SD4 11;.;7 Fjsfatj nkiáskmj 3.1D (d@)

Iuffbr Fjsfatj? pG 8.> a 3.32D 3.9= h =3.6 d@

=. NK NK]M ]MR] R]KÝ KÝL L Lubstrj hrupj bstuvj blmarhanj nb prbparar b` iuffbr ambtatj 9, nb ul pG 2 y 9D nb mjl jlmb mblt ltra rammkýl. kýl. Srb rbssbl blta tadj djss  `j `jss má` á`mmu` u`j js y rb rba` a`kz kza adj djss b` prjm prjmb bnkdk nkdkbl bltj tj ta ta`` y mjd jdj j ljs klnkmý `a prjfbsjra. ]kl bdiarhj b` pG dbnknj pjr b` pjtblmkýdbtrj fub nb >.6>. Nbiknj a`  brrjr gudalj lj sb pubnb jitblbr ul pG bxamtadbltb nb 25 skl bdi dia arh rhj, j, ga gayy  jtr trj js fa famt mtj jrb rbss qu qub b pr prji jiai ai`b `bdb dblt ltb b kltb kltbrv rvkl klkb kbrj rjl l b` `a rba rbamm mmký kýl l ap apar artb tb nb` brrjr gudalj. Rlj nb b` Rlj b``j `jss bs `a mj mjlm lmbl bltr tram amký kýl l nb `js `js rb rbam amtktkvj vjss ut utk`k`kz kzan anjs js.. ]bhÿ ]bhÿl l Oj Ojsb sb _u _uik ikza zarr rrbt bta, a, prj rjfb fbssjr nb  `a Rl Rlkv kvb brs rskn kna an Sj` j`ktktë ëml mlkm kma a nb Da Dan nrkn rkn, ‐b` ‐b` gknr gknrýx ýxkn knj j nb nb`` sj sjnk nkj j (L (La aJG JG)) bs ul sý sý`k`knj nj  mr mrks ksta ta`k`klj lj i`al i`almj mj,, mj mjrr rrjs jskv kvj, j, qu qub b ai aisj sjri rib b fá fámk mk`d `dbl bltb tb `a gu gudb dbna nan n ga gast sta a qu qub b sb `kmÿa  fjrdalnj ula sj`umkýl a`ma`kla.—, bstj qukbrb nbmkr qub pubnb aisjribr  fámk`dbltb `a gudbnan adikbltb. Mjdj ikbl  saibdjs @kda bstá uikmana bl ula zjla nb iastaltb gudbnan5 a` djdb dj dblt ltj j nb  pbs bsar ar b` LaJ aJG G (s (sý ý`kn `knj) j),, bs bstb tb bs bstu tuvvj bxp xpub ubsstj y pu punj nj ga gaib ibrr ais isjr jrik ikn nj ahua nb`  dbnkj. Bstj qukbrb nbmkr qub, a` djdbltj nb pbsar b` mjdpubstj, lj sb tjdý bl  mublta qub ya lj sb bstaia traiaoalnj mjl ul mjdpubstj purj sklj mjl ula dbzm`a5  y a` ljsjtrj trjs traiaoar mjl ula pbqubña maltknan nb bsb gknrýxknj, nb apblas 3.3216h,  b` pjrmbltaob nb gudbnan nbltrj nb` sý`knj sbräa ula varkai`b

 

sk skhl hlkfkfkm kmat atkv kva a a` dj djdb dblt ltj j nb pr prbp bpar arar ar b` iu iuff ffbr br,, hb hblb lbra raln lnj j qu qub b bs bstb tb sb sba a dá dáss ám ámkn knj j nb `j bspbranj. Jtrj djtkvj  sbräa `a mjltadklamkýl nb` rbamtkvj `äquknj (ámknj). ]bhÿl Vbra O. (931 (931>) >),, sb  nb nbib ib bv bvktktar ar `a mj mjlt ltad adkl klam amký kýl l mr mruz uzan ana a pj pjrr `a da da`a `a da dalk lkpu pu`a `amk mkýl ýl nb pu pult ltas as y pkpbtas  mjltadklanas. Bl `a altbrkjr m`asb tuvkdjs b` prji`bda nb traiaoar mjl prjp prjpkp kpbt btas as mj mjlt ltad adkl klan anas as  qu qub b hb hblb lbra rarj rjl l ul ma madi dikj kj bl `a mj mjlm lmbl bltr tram amký kýl l nb nb`` rbam rbamtkv tkvj5 j5 ya qub,  `js mjlta tad dklaltbs rbammkjlal mjl b` sj`ut `utj (ámknj amëtkmj). Nb lj gaibrsb rsb nbsb nb sbmg mgan anj j bs bstb tb rb rbam amtktkvj vj y ga gaib ibrr trai traiao aoan anj j mj mjl l b` dk dksd sdj, j, skhl skhlkfkfkm kmar aräa äa qu qub b tr trai aiao aoad adjs js mjl `a mjlmbltramkýl bqukvjmana nb ámknj.  Anbdás nb  tjnj bstj, sb pbnäa jitblbr ula mjlmbltramkýl nb iuffbr nb 3.9D, skl bdi dia arh rhj, j, b`  pG jit itbl blkn knj j bl b` pj pjtb tblm lmký kýd dbt btrj rj bra bra db dbl ljr a` bsp spbr bran anj5 j5 bst stj j klnk klnkmmai aia a qub `a  rb`amkýl bltrb ámknj y sa` ya lj bs `a dksda qub `a ma`mu`ana klkmka`dbltb. ]bh bhÿ ÿl A` A`ka kah ha,  S. (9 (931 31;) ;) ‐@ ‐@a a bm bmua uamk mkýl ýl nb Gb Gbln lnbr brsj sjl l Gass Gassb` b`ia ia`m `mg g pb pbrd rdktktb b b` má má`m `mu` u`j j nb `a  rb`amkýl dj`ar nb` ámknj y su iasb mjlouhana sk sb mjljmbl `js va`jrbs nb pG y pEa.—  Sjr `j taltj sk ap`k`kmmadjs bsta bmuamký kýl l a `js va`jrbs qub tb tbl lbdjs pjnbdjs mjdprjiar qub `a rb`amkýl bltrb sa` y ámknj bs nkfbrbltb a `a rbqubrkna.

 p G    

T  p G   4  pE  pEa a  + `jh UÁU]a`  mknjT  

 

U]a` T UÁmknjT

 

2 

T 2 4 >.8> + `jh UÁU]a`  mknjT    

1.71;  

>.6>  

T >.6> 4 >.8> + `jh UÁU]a`  mknjT    

3.8;> 

Nbiknj a  bstj sb tuvj qub rba`kzar ul aoustb nb pG utk`kzalnj LaJG 3.1D, `j qub mjlsudký ámknj  nb` iuffbr gasta ``bhar a` pG rbqubrknj nb 2. Bstj hblbrý qub `a mjlmbltramkýl nb 3.9D lj sb nkbra.

 

>. MJ MJLM LM@R @R]K ]KJL JLB] B] Mjlm`ukdjs qub? ◊ ]b pubnb  prbparar sj`umkjlbs iuffbr dbnkaltb dbzm`as nb sj`utjs bl bsta tan nj sý`k`kn nj j  bl sj`umkýl, rb rba a`kzalnj nkvb kvbrsjs má`mu`js `js y aous oustalnj b` va`jr nb pG mjl ámknj  j mjl ula iasb. ]kl bdiarhj, lj sb jitblnrá `a mjlmbltramkýl kýl nb` iuffbr ◊ ] b rbqma`mu`ana ukbrb  nb a`jtklkmkj. ra dbtjnj`jhäa para prbparar ula sj`umkýl iuffbr mjl `a mjlmbltramkýl nbsbana.

2.  IKI@KJHYAFÄA ^ÿlbz, K.,  Ha`vál, A. & Fbrlálnbz, B. A. (9319).  pG [ Adjrtkhuanjrbs. Nbpartadbltj nb  ikjquädkma y Ikj`jhäa Dj Dj`b `bmmu`ar u`ar,, Fa Famu mu`t`ta an nb Db Dbnk nkmmkla. kla. Bnktktjr Bn jrka ka`` ]b ]bvb vbrj rj  Jm Jmgj gja, a,.. Yb Ybmu mupb pbra ranj nj nb gt gttp tps? s?// //ww www w.hjj .hjjh` h`b. b.mj mjd/ d/sb sbar armg mg: : lbwwklnjw41&sxsrf4AM[IHLQp1;wtmFxEbrmB lbwwklnjw41&sxsrf4AM[ IHLQp1;wtmFxEbrmB_8nb7JytOmAo6h?126 _8nb7JytOmAo6h?12687;217 87;217 6618&q4fk`b?///M?/Rsbrs/gjjia/Njwl`jans/Njmudblts/36%9 6618&q4fk`b?///M?/Rsbrs/gjjia/Njwl `jans/Njmudblts/36%9293+pG%9293+ 293+pG%9293+  ADJY^KHRANJYB].pnf&spb``41&sa4W&vbn43agREBwksuO@n>@Z  ADJY^KHRANJYB].pnf&spb``41&sa4W&vbn43 agREBwksuO@n>@ZeAgWlt1e eAgWlt1e EG]mBN-jQIQhtEAA&ikw4;;1&ikg4;63# Salbqub, V.,  bt a`. (9313) Dalua alua`` Nb ^ëm ëmlk lkmmas Al Ala a`ktk `ktkmmas Sa Sara ra Al Alá` á`ks ksks ks Nb ]ub` ]u b`j, j, Fj Fj`k`kar ar,,  Ai Aijl jljs js Jr Jrhá hálk lkmj mjss [ Fb Fbrt rtk`k`kz kzal altb tbss Qu Quäd ädkm kmjs js.. Nbpa Nbpart rtad adbl bltj tj nb Ikjfbrtk`kzaltbs [  Lutrkmkýl nb `as p`altas, Klstktutj Lamkjla` Nb Mkblmkas  Ahrämj`as. _uikzarrb rrbta ta,, O.  (s.f) .f) ^bmlj`jhäa Quädkma Klnustr trkka`? Á`ma`ks y ga`ýhbljs. Rlkvbrsknan Sj`ktëmlkma nb Danrkn. p 16. Vbra, O.  (931>) Rsj nb rbamtkvjs manumanjs bl blsayjs nb `aijratjrkj mFardamëutkma). `älkmj bl  ul gjRlkvbrsknan spkta` nb ]anb ltaHuayaquk`. B`bla. (^bps19. ks para jptar b` hranj Quädkma  A`kaha, S.5  bt a`. (931;) Dalua` nb Srámtkmas nb Ikjquädkma. Rlkvbrsknan Lamkjla` Ahrarka `a Dj`kla. p 1;.

 

6. MR MRB] B]^K ^KJL JLAY AYKJ KJ  1. ]k rb rbprbs prbsbltad bltadjs js ul skstb skstbda da ad adjrtkh jrtkhuanj uanjrr mjd mjdj? j? GA

 ⇎

 G+ + A-

 A dbnkna qub audblta b` pG? pG?

K. ºAudblta b` G+ j b` JG-: pG4-`jhUG+T  A` audbltar  b` pG, audblta `a mjlmbltramkýl nb JG- y nksdkluyb `a mjlmbltramkýl nb G+.

KK. ºQuë mjdpjlbltb nb bstb iuffbr rbskstb b` madikj: B` qub rbskstb b` b` madikj sbräa b` ámknj, a` ambp ambptar tar `js JG-

KKK. [ a dbnkna qub b` pG nksdkluyb, ºquë ºquë mjdpjlbltb rbskstb b` madikj:. B` qub rbskstb b` madikj sbräa `a iasb mjlouhana, a` ambptar `js G+. 

9. Ma`mu`b `a  prjpjrmkýl nb kjlbs G9SJ>- qub sb nksjmkal a ul pG nb (pEa948,9). ]a`4GSJ>-9 y Ámknj4G9SJ>pG 4 pEa + `jh Usa`T/UámknjT pG ” pEa 4 `jhUsa`T/UámknjT 3.84 `jhUsa`T/UámknjT Usa`T/UámknjT 4 2.311; UámknjT 4 Usa`T/2.31 Usa`T/2.311; 1; ↙ UG9SJ>-T 4 UGSJ>-9T/2.311;

Sjr `j  taltj, tblbdjs qub `a prj rjp pjrmkýl nb kjlbs G9SJ>- qub sb nksjmkal a ul pG nb  8.; bs khua` a `a mjlmbltramkýl nb kjlbs GSJ>-9 bl bltr trb b `a prjp prjpjr jrmk mkýl ýl nb 2.311;. 

 

=. Ma`mu`b `a  prjpjrmkýl nb kjlbs G9SJ>- qub sb nksjmkal a ul pG nb 2,9 (pEa4 8,9). ]a`4GSJ>-9 y Ámknj4G9SJ>pG 4 pEa + `jh Usa`/ámknjT pG ” pEa 4 `jh Usa`/ámknjT -9 4 `jh Usa`T/UámknjT 3.31 4 Usa`T/UámknjT UámknjT 4 Usa`T/3.31 ↙ UG9SJ>-T4 UGSJ>-9T/3.31 Sjr `j  taltj, tblbdjs qub `a prj rjp pjrmkýl nb kjlbs G9SJ>- qub sb nksjmkal a ul pG nb  2.9 bs khua` a `a mjlmbltramkýl nb kjlbs GSJ>-9 bl bltr trb b `a prjp prjpjr jrmk mkýl ýl nb 3.31.

>. 1. ]b  nal `as skhukbltbs sj`umkjlbs danrb? LaM` 1D, La GSJ 133 33dD dD y 9 > LaG9SJ> 133dD.  ºQuë maltknan nb sj`umkjlbs danrb y nb ahua nbsstk`a nb tk`ana na bdp dp`b `bar aräa äa  para ara pr prjn jnum umkr kr ul `ktr `ktrj j nb sj`u sj`umk mkýl ýl bxp xpbr brkd kdbl blta ta`` nb LaM` 193 dD tadpjlana bl =dD bl tj tjtta` nb kjlbs fj fjssfatj, mjl ul pG nb 8,2: (pEa149,=5 pEa948,95 pEa=419,>). pG 4 pEa + `jhUsa`T/UámknjT 8.2 4 8.9 + `jhUsa`T/UámknjT 3.= 4 `jhUsa`T/UámknjT Ybsj`vkblnj? ↙ U]a`T 4 1.;;7x13-=D ↙ UÁmknjT 4 1.3318x13-= D Sara jitblbr `as sj`umkjlbs danrb tblbdjs? LaM`am  1333 d@ ↙ 1 dj` x d@ ↙ 193 W 13-= dj` x 4 193 d@ (LaM`am)

 

  La9GSJ> 1333 d@ ↙ 133x13-= dj`  [ d@ ↙ 1.3318W13-= dj` [ 4 13.39 d@ (La9GSJ>)

LaG9SJ>  1333 d@ ↙ 133W13-= dj` _ d@ ↙ 1.;;7W13-= dj` _ 4 1;.;7 d@ (LaG9SJ>)  Asä tblbdjs? 193  d@ (LaM`am) + 12 d@ (La9GSJ>) + 12 d@ (LaG9SJ>) 4 123 d@ nb dbzm`a, y  para jitblbr 1333 d@, rbstadjs, jitblkblnj `as skhukbltbs maltknanbs? ↙ 193 d@ (LaM`am) ↙ 13.39 d@ (La9GSJ>) ↙ 1;.;7 d@ (LaG9SJ>) ↙ 723 d@ (G9Jnbst) 

2. ]b prbpara  ul tadpýl dbzm`alnj 233d` La9GSJ> 3,2 D y 233 d@ nb LaG9SJ> 3,9D? K.

ma`mu`ar pG. ◊   Ga``ar b` lÿdbrj nb dj`bs nb La9GSJ>?

1333 d@ ↙ 3.2 dj`  233 d@ ↙ W dj` W 4 3.92 dj` (La 9GSJ>)

◊

 

Ga``ar b` lÿdbrj nb dj`bs nb LaG9SJ>? 1333 d@ ↙ 3.9 dj` 233 d@ ↙ W dj` W 4 3.1 dj` (LaG9SJ>)

 

Ma`mu`alnj b` pG? pG 4 pEa + `jh U]T/UAT pG 4 8.9 + `jh U3.92DT/U3.1DT pG 4 8.2;

KK.

Ma`mu`ar b` mad madikj ikj p pG G nb sk ssbb añ añanb anb 13 d@ n nbb GM GM`` 1D? 1333 d@ ↙ 1 dj` 13 d@ ↙ W dj` W 4 3.31dj` (GM`)  Mjlmbltramkýl nb` ámknj? 3.1 D + 3.31 D 4 3.1 3.11D 1D  pG 4 pEa + `jh Usa`T/UámknjT pG 4 8.9 + `jhU3.9>DT/U3.1 `jhU3.9>DT/U3.11DT 1DT pG 4 8.22   

pG48,6-8,2243,32

6. ºMuá` bs  `a mjdpjskmkýl nb ul adjrtkhuanjr fjsfatj 3,32D nb pG 8,2 bxprbsanj bl h/@ nb sa`bs sýnkmas algknras: 8.2 4 8.9 + `jh Usa`T/ UámknjT 9.= 4 `jh Usa`T/ UámknjT 1.;; 4 Usa`T/ UámknjT UaT+UsT43,32 9,;;UaT43,32 UaT43,316dj`/@ y UsT43,3==dj`/@  Ámknj? LaG9SJ> (SD4193 h/dj`) 1 dj`/@↙ 193 h/dj` 3.316dj`/@ ↙ x W 4 9.3> h/@

 

Iasb? La9GSJ> (SD41>= h/dj`) 1 dj`/@↙ 1>= h/dj` 3.3==dj`/@ ↙ xW 4 >.89 h/@ 

8. ºQuë pG  tkblb ula sj`umkýl qub rbsu`ta nb dbzm`ar 27d@ nb ámknj mkalgänrkmj 3,1D mjl 99 d@ nb mka kal lurj nb sjnkj 3,37D sk `a mjlsta tal ltb nb amknbz bs Ea48,9 x 13-13: pEa4 -`jhUEaT pEa4 ;.1> sa`? LaML 3.7dj`↙ 1333 d@  x ↙ 99 d@ W 4 1.86W13-= dj`  Ámknj? GML 3.1dj`↙ 1333 d@  x ↙ 27 d@ W 4 2.7W13-= dj`

@a mjlmbltramkýl nb `a sa`? 3.33186dj` W 1333 d@/73 d@4 3.399dj` @a mjlmbltramkýl nb` ámknj? 3.3327dj` W 1333 d@/73 d@4 3.3892dj` pG4;,1>+`jhUsT/UaT pG4;,1>+`jh U3.399T/ U3.3892T pG47.69