Biological Science Preboard

BIOLOGICAL SCIENCE — B FIELD OF SPECIALIZATION - 150 items (MAJOR IN: BIOLOGICAL SCIENCE) INSTRUCTIONS: 1. Get your brown envelope from your Room Watchers. 2. Check if the name printed on the brown envelope and the contents inside are yours. 3. Detach the remaining answer sheet from the bottom of your Examinee ID/AS Set. 4. Write the subject title/or field of specialization on the box provided, 5. Shade Set Box "A" on your answer sheet if your test booklet is Set A; Set Box "B" if your test booklet is Set B. 6. Avoid erasures. MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. Which of the following is a part of the process of chemiosmosis? A. Electrons move along the electron, transport chain. B. Water molecules are split. C. Hydrogen ions pass through membranes. D. Light is absorbed by chlorophyll. 2. During mitosis, a double-stranded chromosome is attached to a spindle fiber at the ________. A. cell plate B. centromere

C. centrosome D. centriole

3. Which is the effect of drugs on cells? A. Produce toxic substance B. Discontinuous cell activity C. Cause damage to their structure D. Poison the cell liquid 4. The cell wall of plant cell is made of A. lipids B. cellulose

C. protein D. cell membrane

5. Which is the storage cell of plants? A. Microtubule B. Collenchyma

C. Meristem D. Parenchyma

BIOLOGICAL SCIENCE — B 6. Which results from drinking saltwater? A. Poisoning of the cells B. Dehydration of the cells C. Increase in cell pressure D. Bursting of the cells 7. What kind of tissue lines our skin and what is its important function? A. Nerve tissue; responsible for reflexes. B. Epithelial, protection from ultraviolet radiation. C. Nerve tissue; receive stimuli on the skin. D. Epithelial; produce new cells when peeled off. 8. At metaphase of the fu at meiotic division, the chromosomes are attached to the spindle fibers as________ A. double chromatids B. non-homologous pairs C. single chromatid strands D. a tetrad of four chromatids 9. Which type of cell would probably provide the best opportunity to study lysosomes? A. Leaf cell of a plant: B. Nerve cell C. Muscle cell D. Phagocytes white blood cells 10. Which best describes meiosis as another form of cell division with accompanying nuclear changes? A. The nuclear changes follow one another indefinitely. B. Each new cell has double the amount from both parents. C. The nucleoli break up into two parts and disappear. D. Each new cell has half the number of chromosomes. 11. How are mitochondria and chloroplasts similar to bacteria? A. They are larger than normal cells. B. They are bounded in single membrane. C. They lack ribosomes D. They have a limited amount of genetic material. 12. Which is the energy storage compound used to do all forms of work of the cell? A. Electron B. Adenine C. Nicotinamide D. Adenosine triphosphate

BIOLOGICAL SCIENCE — B 13. Chromosomes do not normally occur in pairs in _____________ A. earthworm B. somotic cells

C. fertilized eggs D. gametes

14: The bipolar nature of the cell membrane is due to _________ A. presence of carriers B. presence of glycolipids

C. phosphofipids biiayer D. integral proteins

15. When a red blood cell is placed in distilled water, it __________ A: plasmolyses B. remains the same

C. shrinks D. swells

16. The "eyes" of potato are actually. A. internodes B. nodes

C. leaf scars and buds D. stem

17. Which of these is a NOT vegetable fruit? A. Cucumber C. Squash B. Ampalaya D. Carrot 18. Which plant has underground stem modified for reproduction? A. Ginger B. Camote

C. Tubers D. Strawberry

19. Which plants formed the vast coal beds during the carboniferous period? A. lycopods B. Conifers

C. Angiosperms D. Gymnosperns

20. What kind of relationship is exhibited by A. Commensalism B. Parasitism

C. Symbiosis D. Competition

21. Chlorophyll appears green because the A. dispersed B. absorbed

an algae and a fungi in a lichen?

green portion of light is _______

C. refracted D. reflected

BIOLOGICAL SCIENCE — B 22. The end products of the dark-reaction phase of photosynthesis are ADP and ___________ A. carbon dioxide B. sugar

C. carbon D. starch

23. What gas is needed by the seed during germination? A. Nitrogen B. Carbon dioxide

C. Hydrogen D. Oxygen

24. Which is the universal energy source of the cell of all living things? A. Carbon B. ATP

C. Glucose D. PGAL

25. When the staminate flower is found in one plant and the pistillate flower on another the plants is described as ________. A. complete B. monoecious

C. robust D. dioecious

26. Which pigment is dominant in red algae? A. Phycocyanin B. Fucoxanthin

C. Chlorophyll D. Phycoerythrin

27. Which process during photosynthesis involves the addition of hydrogen? A. Oxidation B. Hydration

C. Carbonation D. Reduction

28. The dark reaction phase of photosynthesis consists of a series of chemical reactions which end up with the formation of a 3-carbon sugar called _________. A. ADP B. NADPH

C. ATP D. PGAL

29. Which structure regulates the opening and closing of the stomata? A. Accessory cells B. Epidermal cells

C. Tracheary cells D. Guard cells

30. Spraying some plants with a combination of auxin and gibbrellins will _______ A. B. C. D.

promote ripening of fruits promote fruit formation preventing senescence enlargers fruit growth

BIOLOGICAL SCIENCE — B 31. All flowering plants belong to class ________. A. conifers B. angiospermae

C. felicinae D. gymnospermae

32. Fruit growers often other propagate their plants by sexual means because the resulting offspring will __________ A. B. C. D.

be an improved variety than the parent shoe little variation from the parent bear larger fruit than the parent show no environmental variation

33. Which of the following nutrients is incorrectly paired with its function in a plant? A. B. C. D.

Magnesium – constituent of chlorophyll Iron – component of chlorophyll Phosphorous – components of nucleic acid Calcium – formation of cells walls

34. What process is responsible for the upward movement of water in very tall trees? A. Transpiration B. Capillary action

C. Turgor pressure D. Air pressure

35. Which popular plant is described as carnivorous? A. Water hyacinth B. Cactus

C. Pitcher plant D. Kataka-taka

36. The shape of the mango tree is different from that of the pine treeders to a type of branching which describes as ________. A. tubular B. columnar

C. deliquescent D. excurrent

37. What do you call the male gametophyte of an angiosperm? A. Ovule B. Embryo sac

C. Anther D. Pollen grain

38. Which roots system is best adapted for anchorage? A. Secondary B. Tertiary

C. Taproot D. Fibrous

BIOLOGICAL SCIENCE — B 39. Egg-laying mammals are called ___________. A. viviparous B. primates

C. oviparous D. marsupials

40. To what order do primitive mammals that lay eggs belong? A. Marsupials B. Craniata

C. Monotremata D. Placental mammals

41. Large colonies of polyps belonging to class Anthrozoa secrete hard skeletons of lime which later form A. sea anemones B. obellas

C. carais D. jellyfish

42. When body parts are paired on either side of the body; this type of symmetry is called_______. A. dorso-ventral B. bilateral

C. radial D. dorsal

43. What substance do leeches secrets which keeps blood the feed on state? A. Hemoglobin B. Ecdysine

C. Anticoagulin D. Fibrinogen

44. One who specializes in all kinds of fishes and their characteristics, developing expertise in___________. A. taxonomy B. histology

C. entoology D. ichthyology

45. In protozoans, digestion occurs in the______. A. Stomach C. Contractile vacuole

C. Ribosome D. Food vacuole

46. What is a distinguishing characteristics of HOMO SAPIENS over the lower mammals? A. Blood vessels B. Sensitive skin

C. Large brain D. Endoskeleton

47. What kind of adaptation enables the walking stick to elude its enemies? A. Aggressive mimicry B. Aggressive adaptation

C. Protective mimicry D. Protective coloration

BIOLOGICAL SCIENCE — B 48. Which stages of incomplete metamorphism are undergone by the grasshopper? A. Nymph, pupa, adult B. Egg, larva, pupa, adult

C. Egg, nymph, adult D. Egg, pupa, adult

49. Which are the two hosts of ascaris? A. Cow and man B. Man and dog

C. Cow and pig D. Man and pig

50. Two organisms can be identified as belonging to same species if they can__________ A. B. C. D.

eat the same kind of food breed in a natural setting tolerate one another in nature survive together in nature

51. Anthropods exhibit fast and coordinated movement because they possess___________ A. an endoskeleton B. jointed appendages

C. exoskeleton D. bilateral symmetry

52. The toxic substance secreted by bees and ants through their sting originate from their____________. A. silk glands B. intestines

C. rectal glands D. salivary glands

53. The relationship that exist between insects and flowering plants is called____________. A. parasitism B. predation

C. symbiosis D. commensalisms

54. Which of the following causes our nose to “run” when we cry? A. B. C. D.

the lungs release water vapor Mucous glands are activated Tears enter the duct to the nasal cavity The sinuses releases water

55. What is the main function of the peripheral nervous system? A. B. C. D.

Communicates with the endocrine glands Regulates our heartbeat and breathing Control our emotions and intelligence Connects central nervous system to all organs

BIOLOGICAL SCIENCE — B 56. Which cause our bones to turn brittle and easily break? A. B. C. D.

Turning into muscle tissue Increase in flexibility Turbidity decreased Removal of collagen

57. Which part of neuron conducts impulse other cells toward the cell body? A. Axon B. Ganglia

C. Synapse D. Dendrite

58. The tendency to react automatically to an external stimulus is called a/an______________. A. Habit B. Instinct

C. Impulse D. Reflex

59. Which hormone promotes the development of secondary female sexual characteristics such as broad pelvis and enlarged breasts? A. Testosterone B. Estrogen

C. Secretion D. Relaxin

60. Which part of the ear is dangerously affected when sound is a hundred decibels? A. Stirrup B. Eustachian tube

C. Semi-circular canal D. Tympanis membrane

61. What disorder is caused by a high concentration of calcium in the blood? A. Thyroid glands B. Pancreas

C. Parathyroid glands D. Liver

62. People who live in high altitude have blood that is described to have A. B. C. D.

high number of white blood cells low number of red blood cells same number of red blood cells high number of red blood cells

63. Creativity is a desirable trait that should be developed among our students. Describe a creative person? A. B. C. D.

Creates beautiful set-ups. Imitates scientists at work. Originates own procedures. Announces same solutions.

BIOLOGICAL SCIENCE — B 64. If the flow of blood in a vessel is toward the heart then the vessel is identified as a_____________. A. ventricle B. artery

C. vein D. atrium

65. The funnel-shaped opening through which the egg cell is released is the? A. umbilical chord B. uterus

C. fallopian tube D. tubules

66. Which one is insufficient in cretinism? A. Insulin B. Adrenalin

C. Parathromone D. Thyroxine

67. When you fail to eat the usual kind and amount of food you take everyday, what could serve as the fuel source of the cells in your body? A. B. C. D.

Fats in adipose tissue Cholesterol in blood vessels Albumin in the blood Glycogen in the liver

68. What instrument has a flexible gastroscope that is used to examine the esophagus and stomach? A. Ultrasound B. Laser

C. Endoscope D. Scanner

69. Where does exchange of materials between the blood and other body tissues take place? A. Platelets B. Veins

C. Arteries D. Capillaries

70. What explains why our lips are “redder” than our palm? A. B. C. D.

Many blood vessels are located around the lips. Lip epidermis is thinner. Lips are heavily keratinized. There is increased blood flow in the lips.

71. Which part of the breathing occurs when the diaphragm muscles are pulled downwards, thus increasing the chest cavity? A. Expiration B. Release of energy

C. Release of gases D. Inspiration

BIOLOGICAL SCIENCE — B 72. What experiment which is the condition being introduced and whose effect is being observed? A. Hypothesis formulated B. Constant variable

C. Manipulated variables D. Tentative variable

73. Which of the following pancreatic fluids is responsible for the breakdown of fat? A. Chymotrypsin B. Amplase

C. Trypsin D. Lipase

74. Which part of the brain controls our rate of breathing? A. Cerebellum B. Cerebrum

C. Spinal cord D. Medulla

75. Through what part does the embryo obtain its nourishment from the mother? A. The oviduct B. The umbilical cord

C. The food tubules D. The fallopian tube

76. What organ is controlled by the automatic nervous system? A. Brain B. Bones

C. Heart D. Skeletal muscles

77. What is the main function of the large intestines? A. B. C. D.

Excrete bile pigments from ducts Excrete salts and indigested food Digest food into liquid form Complete the digestion of proteins

78. What do you call food in a semi-liquid form, partially digested and mixed with hydrochloric acid? A. Gastric secretion B. Gastric fluid

C. Mucosa D. Chyme

79. Which would you advise to children prevent osteoporosis? A. B. C. D.

Consistent bone density test Adequate calcium and vitamin D More intake of all vitamins Less bone exercise and fatigue

BIOLOGICAL SCIENCE — B 80. Which is considered the master gland due to its influence on the activity of all the other glands? A. Thyroid B. Adrenal

C. Pituitary D. Parathyroid

81. What enzyme is secreted by the pancreas which splits starch into sugar? A. Pepsin B. Erepsin

C. Lipase D. Amylase

82. What do we get from carbohydrates and fats? A. Cell builders B. Tissue builders

C. Heat and energy D. Growth regulators

83. What secretes which enables the sugar to be stored in the liver? A. Adrenal medulla B. Thyroid

C. Adrenal cortex D. Islet of langerhans

84. What sar protects the heart? A. Septum B. Atrium

C. Pericardium D. Valve

85. What BEST describes respiration? A. B. C. D.

Taking in carbon dioxide and releasing oxygen. Breathing in a mixture of different gas. Breathing in and breathing out. Taking in oxygen and releasing carbon dioxide.

86. Which type of muscle tissue found in the walls of our stomach is responsible for the process of peristalsis? A. Voluntary B. Striated

C. Cardiac D. Smooth

87. Which of the hormone that triggers ovulation? A. Testosterone B. Prolactin

C. Follicle-stimulating D. Leutinizing

88. What do we call a prediction that is made based on two observations? A. Inference B. Interpolation

C. Extrapolation D. Hypothesis

BIOLOGICAL SCIENCE — B 89. How does the liver assist the digestive system? A. B. C. D.

Stores starch It secretes bile Acts on protein food Mixes with the pancreatic juice

90. What structure in the tongue makes it distinguished food quality? A. Tasters B. Taste buds

C. Taste epithelium D. Nerves

91. Which protein found I the plasma is responsible for blood clotting? A. Albumin B. Globulin

C. Serum D. Fibrinogen

92. White blood cells are the “soldiers” of the body. They fight the disease-causing organisms. They are the _________. A. antibodies B. phagocytes

C. antigens D. erythrocytes

93. What blood test is used to provide information about agglutination reactions between donor and recipient blood? A. Blood count B. Clotting test

C. Blood chemistry D. Type and cross-match

94. Which produce the hormone MOST closely associated with the control of calcium metabolism? A. Pancreas B. Ovaries

C. Adrenal glands D. Parathyroid glands

95. What is the function of the lymph? A. B. C. D.

Contains fibrinogen Protects the body from infection Transports oxygen Enables the blood to clot

96. Which part of the brain is responsible for intelligence, memory, and learned behavior? A. Cerebellium B. Cerebrum

C. Medulla D. Thalamus

BIOLOGICAL SCIENCE — B 97. What is the major problem involved in organ transplant? A. B. C. D.

Race of recipient Phagocytes Sex of donor Antigen-antibody reaction

98. What special equipment is placed inside the heart generate electrical impulse? A. Endoscope B. Pacemaker

C. Cardiac regulator D. Heart pump

99. The modern horse has fewer toes than its ancestors. Such change is governed by ______. A. Reduction-division B. Natural selection

C. Chromosomal deletions D. Use and disuse

100. Which theory on how life began do chemists and geologist agree on today? A. Special creation B. Spontaneous generation

C. Cosmozoic D. Naturalistic

101. At the completion of mitosis, the remainder of the cell divides and a new cell wall is formed. This process is called __________. A. Meiosis B. Cytokinesis

C. Recombination D. Cross-over

102. The age of mammals was traced to about ________. A. 5-6 billion years B. 65 million years

C. 230 million years D. 600 million years

103. If a trait is controlled by a gene that is located in the x chromosome. It is classified as A. genotype B. gene-liked

C. sex-linked D. phenotype

104. Which theory states that life originated from non-living materials? A. Naturalistic B. Cosmozoic

C. Spontaneous generation D. Special creation

105. The age of fossils can be determined by ______________. A. B. C. D.

The age of sediments where found Carbon-14 dating method When the organisms came about Te nature of radiations emitted

BIOLOGICAL SCIENCE — B 106. Which parental pair could produce a colorblind female? A. B. C. D.

Heterozygous normal vision mother and normal father. Heterozygous normal vision mother and colorblind father. Normal vision mother and colorblind father. Homozygous normal vision mother and normal father.

107. An organism that has an extra copy of a chromosome in all its cell is a result of ________ A. Gene mutation B. Chromosomal mutation

C. somatic mutation D. polyploidy

108. Which of the following is a cloned organism? A. B. C. D.

Rat with rabbit hemoglobin genes. Human gene with a blood clotting gene. Bacterium that has received genes by conjugation. Fern grown in cell culture from a single root cell.

109. Which is the plasmid that increases resistance to antibiotics? A. Col-plasmid B. F-plasmid

C. Cell-plasmid D. R-plasmid

110. Two cells which have chromosome number different from that of their single parent cell are normally produced during the process of ___________ A. Mitosis B. Meiosis

C. fusion D. cleavage

111. The major job of genes is to control __________. A. meiosis B. mitosis

C. protein synthesis D. cell membranes

112. In mammalian cloning, the organism resulting from the technology is similar to the _____ A. B. C. D.

owner of the embryonic cell surrogate embryonic cell owner of the somatic cell surrogate mother cell

113. Cells are allowed to fuse by __________. A. RNA polymerase B. Helicases

C. polyethylene glycol D. DNA ligase

BIOLOGICAL SCIENCE — B 114. Why is incineration not favored as a method of waste disposal? A. B. C. D.

Needs more than power to exert Releases corrosive and noxious gases Requires large energy expenditure Expensive for a country like ours

115. A food web is a network of interacting A. producers B. food chain

C. consumers D. habiatats

116. Which of the following is NOT a greenhouse gas? A. CO2 B. NO2

C. H2S D. CH4

117. What is the current size of the human population? A. 4 billion B. 3 billion

C. 6 billion D. 5 billion

118. What is the natural phenomenon on wherein there is a continuous movement of water from the source to the atmosphere and back? A. Hydrogen cycle B. Carbon cycle

C. Mineral cycle D. Hydrologic cycle

119. Which is a part of the formation of fossils fuels force? A. Hydrologic cycle B. Carbon cycle 120. When does a temperature inversion occur? A. B. C. D.

Warm air rises above cool air. Warm fail to blow faster. Warm air is trapped under cool air. Cool air is trapped under warm air.

121. Which is the correct food chain? A. B. C. D.

Ants rice plant  cat  Corn plant  mice  cat Mice  cat  corn plant Rice plant  ants  corn plant

C. Phosphorous cycle D. Nitrogen cycle

BIOLOGICAL SCIENCE — B 122. Why is it difficult to dispose off high-level nuclear wastes? A. B. C. D.

They have long half-lives. They are large and bulky They emit radiation They have short half-lives

123. What is the benefit obtained from greenhouse effect? A. B. C. D.

Speeds the growth of plants Serves as a thermal blanket Allows release of heat energy Serves as a source of light energy

124. What is the process of removing salt from seawater? A. Detoxification B. Water treatment

C. Purification D. Desalination

125. Pollution has become a major problem largely because of the A. B. C. D.

Use of renewable resources Dependence on fossil fuels Abundance of natural resources Decrease in energy resources

l26. Which statement BEST describes the climax stage of an ecological succession? A. Will change from season to season B. Populated only by plants C. Persists until there are drastic changes D. Represents initial stage of evolution 127. The burning of coal could be made less polluting by using a _______? A. offshore drilling B. motor vehicle device

C. scrubber system D. recycling

128. Yeasts convert sugar into alcohol through the process of A. biomass B. fermentation

C. electrolysis D. combustion

129. What BEST characterizes the latitude where most deserts are found? A. Dry air is rising B. Dry air is descending. C. Air masses are stationary. D. Moist air is descending.

BIOLOGICAL SCIENCE — B 130. What kind of relationship exists when one organism kills and eats another organism? A. Commensalism B. Parasitism

C. Scavenging D. Predation

131. Which biome is considered to be the most stable? A. Grassland B. Taiga

C. Tundra D. Tropical rainforest

132. Ozone depletion is due to the release of CF's from A. industrial combustion B. deforestation

C. Styrofoam and freon D. animal respiration

133. Which pair of terms will most likely apply to the same organism? A. Autotroph, parasite B. Heterotroph, autotroph

C. Heterotroph, herbivore D. Producer, predator

134. The maximum rate at which .a certain species reproduces is its A. limiting factors B. carrying capacity

C. growth rate D. biotic potential

135. A species’ role in a particular ecosystem? A. community B. habitat

C. niche D. population

136. Which of these is a natural ecosystem? A. Aquarium B. Forest

C. Pond D. Pot with plants

137. What do you call the phase when population size is doubling at a very fast rate? A. Death B. Stationary

C. Lag D. Log .

138. Which one is a liquid fossil fuel? A. Petrochemical B. Methane

C. Petroleum D. Alcohol

BIOLOGICAL SCIENCE — B 139. Why do foams produced from detergents remain in the water for among time because ? A. they are deficient in oxygen B. they are biodegradable C. they are rich in phosphorus D. they are non-biodegradable 140. Which of the following has the lowest heating value? A. Petroleum B. Wood

C. Coal D. Natural gas

141. Which of the following is referred to as the final community that lasts for a very long time? A. Niche B. initial

C. Climax D. Perennial

142. Which BEST describes the climax stage of an ecological succession? A. it changes rapidly from season to season. B. Represent initial phases of evolution. C. it persists until drastic changes occur. D. Populated only by plants. 143. What type of growth curve is produced from a very abrupt increase in population size? A. Quadratic B. Linear

C. Exponential D. Logistic

144. The transporting of broken rock particles from one place to another is a natural process called _______ A. depletion B. conservation

C. weathering D. erosion

145. Among the following, which could be considered a population? A. 8 coconut trees lining the fence B. 10 rats in 2m x 3m cage one summer C. 100 rats in a t hectare rice field D. 40 students eating in the canteen 146. An autotrophic nutritional relationship among organisms in an ecosystem is shown in the conversion of__________ A. protein into amino acids B. radiant energy to chemical energy C. free nitrogen into nitrites D. rocks into soil

BIOLOGICAL SCIENCE — B 147. What is the most common waste disposal method in Metro Manila? A. Composting B. Open dump

C. incineration D. Sanitary landfill

148. In a food web, where is the greatest concentration of chemical bond energy? A. Decomposers B. Primary consumers

C. Producers D. Secondary consumers

149. In which of region of the atmosphere is the concentration of water vapor greatest? A. Ionosphere B. Troposphere

C. Stratosphere. D. Exosphere

150. Of all biomes, which is the most fragile? A. Tundra B. Estuary

C. Deciduous forest D. Taiga

END OF EXAMINATION

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