Basic TOEFL Test With Answer
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Lingua TOEFL Textbook and Practice Test Series – Level Chart �
LEVEL
Level 5 Lingua TOEFL CBT Series
Complete TOEFL
Grammar & Reading
Listening, Writing, & Vocabulary
*INSIDER
Structure Review
Listening Review
*Test Book I
Reading Review
185 Essay Topics
*Test Book II
TOEFL VOCA 2004
*Listening Practice Test 11- 4
Practice Test
(English Version)
(English Version)
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i-TOEFL: Structure
Level 4 Lingua i-TOEFL Series
*5CD*5CD -ROMs from Test Book I (English Version)
(English Version)
Practice Test 1, Vol. 2
(English Version)
i-TOEFL: Listening
Pocket -book Lingua TOEFL CBT: Confusing Words �
i-TOEFL: Reading
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m-TOEFL LINK: Structure
Level 3 Lingua m-TOEFL Series
m-Listening m-TOEFL LINK: Reading
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Level 2 Lingua b -TOEFL
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Level 1 Lingua e -TOEFL Series
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b-TOEFL: A Comprehensive Guide to TOEFL for Young Learners
e-TOEFL: Stucture e-TOEFL: Reading
m-TOEFL LINK: Practice Test 11 -4 for Beginners
e-TOEFL: Listening
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Lingua TOEFL CBT INSIDER
APPENDIX Diagnostic Test 2 & Complete Comple te Practice Practice Test 2
TOEFL and TWE are registered trademarks of Educational Testing Service. This publication is not endorsed or approved by ETS. �
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Lingua TOEFL CBT INSIDER
APPENDIX Diagnostic Test 2 & Complete Comple te Practice Practice Test 2
TOEFL and TWE are registered trademarks of Educational Testing Service. This publication is not endorsed or approved by ETS. �
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DIAGNOSTIC TEST 2 (Simplified (Simplif ied Version) Listening: 15 Minutes (including listening time) Structure: 7 Minutes Reading: 15 Minutes Writing: 30 Minutes Suggested Total Time: 67 Minutes
ANSWER SHEET Lingua TOEFL CBT: Insider Diagnostic Test 2 �
Number of Correct Answers
Name Sex
male
6.67
=
(S1)
Structure
×
4.0
=
(S2)
Reading
×
9.1
=
(S3)
Score 0 ~ Score 6 (Score Level)
Total Score Range
Telephone No.
Section 2: Structure
Section 1: Listening
e r e h t u C
×
0 ~ 60
Your expected score will be between (S1 + S2 + S3) and (S1 + S2 + S3 + 60).
E-mail address
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
= Converted Score
Listening
Writing
female
Times
A
B
C
D
A
B
C
D
A
B
C
D
A
B
C
D
A
B
C
D
A
B
C
D
A
B
C
D
A
B
C
D
A
B
C
D
A
B
C
D
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
A
B
C
D
A
B
C
D
A
B
C
D
A
B
C
D
A
B
C
D
A
B
C
D
A
B
C
D
A
B
C
D
A
B
C
D
A
B
C
D
Premium –
(
) ~ (
)
Section 3: Reading 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
A
B
C
D
A
B
C
D
A
B
C
D
A
B
C
D
A
B
C
D
A
B
C
D
A
B
C
D
Deductible –
12 13 14 15
Limit – A
B
C
D
A
B
C
D
A
B
C
D
A
B
C
D
■ Have you taken the official TO EFL Tes t? Yes
if any
No
PBT Score
CBT Score
Listening
Listening
Structure
Structure
Reading
Reading
Writing
Writing
TOTAL
TOTAL
■ Educational background middl e/ high s chool
undergraduate
graduate
SIGNED: _____________________________________________ (SIGN YOUR NAME AS IF SIGNING A BUSINESS LETTER.)
DATE: ___________________ MO.
DAY
YEAR
Copyright ⓒ 2004 by Lingua Forum, Inc. All rights reserved.
Diagnostic Test 2
6
ANSWER SHEET Lingua TOEFL CBT: Insider Diagnostic Test 2 �
00 : 29
1 of 1
Read the topic below and then make any notes that will help you plan your response. Begin typing your response in the box at the bottom of the screen, or write your answer on the answer sheet provided to you.
When people move to another country, some of them decide to follow the customs of the new country. Others prefer to keep their own customs. Compare these two choices. Which do you prefer? Support your answer with specific details.
Cut Paste Undo
Copyright ⓒ 2004 by Lingua Forum, Inc. All rights reserved.
7
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D I T A E G S N T O 2 S T I C
S (including listening time) Suggested Time: 15 Minutes
Directions
00 : 08
LISTENING
LISTENING DIRECTIONS This section measures your ability to understand spoken English.
When finished reading directions click on the icon below
Dismiss Directions
There are two parts in this section, with special directions for each part. You have 8 minutes to answer all the questions. The time you spend listening to the test material is not counted. You can change the volume only before you start to answer the questions. The listening material and questions about it will be presented only once. During an actual TOEFL test you may not take notes or have any paper at your computer. After you have confirmed an answer, you cannot return to the question. When you are ready to continue, click on the “Dismiss Directions” icon.
00 : 07
Directions
QUESTION DIRECTIONS – PART A In Part A you will hear short conversations between two people. Each conversation is followed by a question about it. Each question in this part has four answer choices. Click on the best answer to each question. Answer the questions on the basis of what is stated or implied by the speakers.
When finished reading directions click on the icon below
Dismiss Directions
Click on the “Volume” icon below to check the sound level NOW. You will not be able to adjust the volume after you dismiss these directions. When you are ready to continue, click on the “Dismiss Directions” icon.
Diagnostic Test 2
8
Questions 1-6 1 of 15
1. What does the woman mean? A B C D
The class goes for two semesters. It was the best course she has ever taken. The course is already finished. She is not enjoying the class.
2 of 15
2. What is the woman assuming about the man? A B C D
He is getting paid for his work. He likes the job. He enjoys working with the professor. He does not need money.
3 of 15
3. What can be inferred about the man? A B C D
He is a political science major. He recently changed majors. He does not know how to program computers. He wants to find something more interesting to study.
4 of 15
4. What is the man saying about the exams? A He has an economics exam. B He is thinking of changing courses. C He does not want to write his exams. D All three classes have exams on the same day.
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D I T A E G S N T O 2 S T I C
5 of 15
5. Why does the man think Doug will not be quarterback? A His arm is not strong enough. B Alex has more experience. C He is not tall enough. D The coaches do not like young players.
6 of 15
6. What is the man implying? A B C D
He will not go out with the woman and her friends. His grades are not really that good. He loves dancing. He has some free time this evening.
Diagnostic Test 2
10
Directions
QUESTION DIRECTIONS – PART B
In Part B there are several talks and conversations. Each talk or conversation is followed by several questions. The conversations and talks are about a variety of topics. You do not need special knowledge of the topics to answer the questions correctly. you should answer each question on the basis of what is stated or implied by the speakers. Click on the “Volume” icon below to check the sound level NOW. You will not be able to adjust the volume after you dismiss these directions. When you are ready to continue, click on the “Dismiss Directions” icon.
11
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When finished reading directions click on the icon below
Dismiss Directions
Questions 7-9
D I T A E G S N T O 2 S T I C
Earth Science
Tidal Currents - Friction - Mixing
7 of 15
7. What is the main topic of this discussion? A B C D
The Earth’s oceans’ effect on the moon The amount of energy in the tides How the tides work The moon’s tidal forces’ effects on the Earth
8 of 15
8. What is NOT one of the places the professor said the moon’s tidal energy is dissipated as friction? Click on the correct letter.
Diagnostic Test 2
12
9 of 15
9. Why are the recent discoveries about the moon’s energy significant? Click on 2 answers.
A B C D
To better predict weather To better understand the Earth’s climate To better harness the oceans’ power To better control the moon
Questions 10-13
Business
Insurance Terms - Premium - Deductible - Limit
10 of 15
10. What is the main topic of this lecture? A The science of risk B How insurance works C The insurance industry in America D Why people buy insurance
13
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D I T A E G S N T O 2 S T I C
11 of 15
11. The professor described how insurance works. Match the insurance term with its definition. Click on a term. Then click on the space where it belongs. Use each term only once. Premium Deductible Limit
When the insurance coverage ends
Minimum loss before coverage begins
Regular insurance payment
12 of 15
12. According to the speaker, what are the benefits of insurance? Click on 2 answers.
A B C D
Encourages more economic transactions Creates a source of income Eliminates bank loans for businesses Makes life predictable and safe
13 of 15
13. What is NOT a risk factor mentioned by the professor? A Age of the policyholder B History of the policyholder C Reason for purchasing insurance D Cost of the insured item
Diagnostic Test 2
14
Questions 14-15 14 of 15
14. What are the man and woman going to do? A Go on a trip to Disneyland B Make some arts and crafts C Wait and make plans D Go rafting on a river
15 of 15
15. What does the man NOT say about their trip? A B C D
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It will be dangerous. Rafting will be good exercise. There will be sun and fresh air. There will be big rapids.
D I T A E G S N T O 2 S T I C
Suggested Time: 7 Minutes
Directions
00 : 07
STRUCTURE
STRUCTURE DIRECTIONS In this section there are two types of test questions. In one type, you choose the word or phrase that best completes a sentence.
When finished reading directions click on the icon below
Dismiss Directions
Example: ________________ of igneous rocks results from the two main features of these rocks – the size and the chemistry of their constituent crystals. Most of the great varieties Great varieties Great variation which The great variety In the other type, you look at a sentence with four underlined words or phrases and choose the underlined word or phrase that must be changed for the sentence to be correct.
Example: The tides caused by the gravitational pull of the moon and sun and by the rotations of the earth, moon, and sun.
You have 7 minutes to answer all of the questions. After you have confirmed an answer, you cannot return to the question. When you are ready to continue, click on the “Dismiss Directions” icon.
Diagnostic Test 2
16
1 of 10
00 : 06
Directions: Click on the one underlined word or phrase that must be changed for the sentence to be correct.
1. The anesthesiology is an important member of any surgical
A
B
C
team engaged in performing a major operation. D
2 of 10
Directions: Click on the one underlined word or phrase that must be changed for the sentence to be correct.
2. All the membranes of a cell are very thin that their width can
A
B
C
be seen only under the extremely high magnification of the D electron microscope.
3 of 10
Directions: Click on the one underlined word or phrase that must be changed for the sentence to be correct.
3. All alkali metals are silver-white, malleable, and enough soft
A
to cut with a knife. D
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B
C
D I T A E G S N T O 2 S T I C
4 of 10
Directions: Click on the one word or phrase that best completes the sentence.
4. When a person watches a motion picture, _________ is actually observing a series of rapidly projected still pictures.
A B C D
he it there so
5 of 10
Directions: Click on the one word or phrase that best completes the sentence.
5. DNA molecules _________ freely about in our bodies; they are located on structures called chromosomes found in the nucleus of each cell.
A not to float B without floating C do not float D neither float
6 of 10
Directions: Click on the one underlined word or phrase that must be changed for the sentence to be correct.
6. Only a very few molecule of interferon seem to be required to
A
B
C
protect the surrounding cells from viral infection. D
Diagnostic Test 2
18
7 of 10
Directions: Click on the one word or phrase that best completes the sentence.
7. Most people believe that children are better than adults _________ a second language.
A attempt to learn B attempting to learn it C attempt and learn D when attempting to learn
8 of 10
Directions: Click on the one underlined word or phrase that must be changed for the sentence to be correct.
8. The most conspicuous sensory organ of the arthropods is the A compound eye, which is a evolutionary development B
C
characteristic of this one phylum. D
9 of 10
Directions: Click on the one word or phrase that best completes the sentence.
9. The giraffe is a plant eater, and _________ it can reach up to the leaves of trees.
A its great height B with its great height C is as high as D at the height of
19
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D I T A E G S N T O 2 S T I C
10 of 10
Directions: Click on the one underlined word or phrase that must be changed for the sentence to be correct.
10.Hawaii lies in the North Pacific some about 2,100 nautical
A
B
C
miles from North America. D
Diagnostic Test 2
20
Suggested Time: 15 Minutes
00: 15
Directions
READING
READING DIRECTIONS In this section, you will read 1 passage. The passage is followed by 11 questions. You have 15 minutes to read the passage and answer all the questions. The clock will tell you how much time you have left to read the passage and answer all the questions in this section. You should answer all questions about a passage on the basis of what is stated or implied in that passage. When you are ready to continue, click on the “Dismiss Directions” icon.
21
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When finished reading directions click on the icon below
Dismiss Directions
00 : 14
Water exists on Earth in all three physical states: solid, liquid and gas. Water evaporated from the oceans spends an average of 11 days in the atmosphere before it is returned to the surface as precipitation. While water vapor may occupy only a small fraction of the atmosphere, its interplay with ocean water is fundamental in atmospheric processes. In addition, the special properties of water, especially its ability to assimilate heat, influence atmospheric circulation patterns, climate, and our day-today weather. When a substance is heated, its temperature usually rises. Because water has a tremendous capacity to absorb heat, its temperature rises slowly. One measure of heat is the calorie, which is defined as the amount of heat required to raise one gram of water by 1 degree Celsius. Twenty calories of heat will therefore change the temperature of 1 gram of liquid water by 20 degrees Celsius, or 20 grams of water by 1 degree Celsius. But for liquid water to evaporate, enough heat must be absorbed by the water molecules on the ocean surface to allow them to overcome the relatively strong attraction that each water molecule has for its nearest neighbors. The absorption of this heat does not result in a temperature change because the energy is used to overcome this attraction. It is therefore known as latent heat, where latent means “concealed” or “veiled.” It takes 540 calories of heat to overcome the attractive force between water molecules and convert 1 gram of liquid water into water vapor. When a threshold amount of energy is absorbed, the water molecules behave independently and evaporate to become water vapor that enters the atmosphere. As they do so, they rise and cool, eventually converting back to a liquid state, in a form of clouds or fog. This process is called condensation during which the tremendous energy absorbed during evaporation is released.
D I T A E G S N T O 2 S T I C
Text When finished reading the passage click on the icon below
Proceed
Diagnostic Test 2
22
1-4 of 11
Water exists on Earth in all three physical states: solid, liquid and gas. Water evaporated from the oceans spends an average of 11 days in the atmosphere before it is returned to the surface as precipitation. While water vapor may occupy only a small fraction of the atmosphere, its interplay with ocean water is fundamental in atmospheric processes. In addition, the special properties of water, especially its ability to assimilate heat, influence atmospheric circulation patterns, climate, and our day-to-day weather. When a substance is heated, its temperature usually rises. Because water has a tremendous capacity to absorb heat, its temperature rises slowly. One measure of heat is the calorie, which is defined as the amount of heat required to raise one gram of water by 1 degree Celsius. Twenty calories of heat will therefore change the
temperature of 1 gram of liquid water by 20 degrees Celsius, or 20 grams of water by 1 degree Celsius. But for liquid water to evaporate, enough heat must be absorbed by the water molecules on the ocean surface to allow them to overcome the relatively strong attraction that each water molecule has for its nearest neighbors. The absorption of this heat does not result in a temperature change because the energy is used to overcome this attraction. It is therefore known as latent heat, where latent means “concealed” or “veiled.” It takes 540 calories of heat to overcome the attractive force between water molecules and convert 1 gram of liquid water into water vapor. When a threshold amount of energy is absorbed, the water molecules behave independently and evaporate to become water vapor that enters the atmosphere. As they do so, they rise and cool, eventually converting back to a liquid state, in a form of clouds or fog. This process is called condensation during which the tremendous energy absorbed during evaporation is released.
23
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1. The main idea of this passage is about A the composition and structure of water B the origin of water on Earth C the interaction between air and water D the ability of water to absorb heat
2. Look at the word assimilate in the passage. Click on the word or phrase in the bold text that is closest in meaning to assimilate.
3. Evaporated water returns A in liquid form to earth B in gas form to earth C in solid form to earth D in both liquid and gas form to earth
4. Which of the following is true? A The interplay between air and water is dependent on various factors such as heat and wind currents. B The interaction between water and air is governed by water’s ability to absorb heat. C The water evaporated from the ocean rarely returns to earth in liquid form. D The interaction between water and air has unpredictable and varied results.
D I T A E G S N T O 2 S T I C
5-8 of 11
Water exists on Earth in all three physical states: solid, liquid and gas. Water evaporated from the oceans spends an average of 11 days in the atmosphere before it is returned to the surface as precipitation. While water vapor may occupy only a small fraction of the atmosphere, its interplay with ocean water is fundamental in atmospheric processes. In addition, the special properties of water, especially its ability to assimilate heat, influence atmospheric circulation patterns, climate, and our day-today weather. When a substance is heated, its temperature usually rises. Because water has a tremendous capacity to absorb heat, its temperature rises slowly. One measure of heat is the calorie, which is defined as the amount of heat required to raise one gram of water by 1 degree Celsius. Twenty calories of heat will therefore change the temperature of 1 gram of liquid water by 20 degrees Celsius, or 20 grams of water by 1 degree Celsius. � But for liquid water to evaporate, enough heat must be absorbed by the water molecules on the ocean surface to allow them to overcome the relatively strong attraction that each water molecule has for its nearest neighbors. � The absorption of this heat does not result in a temperature change because the energy is used to overcome this attraction. � It is therefore known as latent heat, where latent means “concealed” or “veiled.” It takes 540 calories of heat to overcome the attractive force between water molecules and convert 1 gram of liquid water into water vapor. � When a threshold amount of energy is absorbed, the
water molecules behave independently and evaporate to become water vapor that enters the atmosphere. � As they do so, they rise and cool, eventually converting back to a liquid state, in a form of clouds or fog. This process is called condensation during which the tremendous energy absorbed during evaporation is released. �
5. It can be inferred that water A tends to remain relatively cool B tends to remain in the atmosphere C tends rarely get boiling hot D tends to not alter radically
6. Ten calories can raise A 1 gram of water by twenty degrees Celsius B 10 grams of water by 100 degrees Celsius C 10 grams of water by 10 degrees Celsius D 1 gram of water by 10 degrees Celsius
7. Look at the word they in the passage. Click on the word or phrase in the bold text that they refers to.
8. The following sentence can be added to paragraph 2 or 3. On the other hand, this tremendous amount of energy is released when water vapor cools down.
Where would it best fit in the paragraph? Click on the square [ � ] to add the sentence to paragraph 2 or 3. Paragraphs 2 and 3 are marked with an arrow [ ].
Diagnostic Test 2
24
9-11 of 11
Water exists on Earth in all three physical states: solid, liquid and gas. Water evaporated from the oceans spends an average of 11 days in the atmosphere before it is returned to the surface as precipitation. While water vapor may occupy only a small fraction of the atmosphere, its interplay with ocean water is fundamental in atmospheric processes. In addition, the special properties of water, especially its ability to assimilate heat, influence atmospheric circulation patterns, climate, and our day-today weather. When a substance is heated, its temperature usually rises. Because water has a tremendous capacity to absorb heat, its temperature rises slowly. One measure of heat is the calorie, which is defined as the amount of heat required to raise one gram of water by 1 degree Celsius. Twenty calories of heat will therefore change the temperature of 1 gram of liquid water by 20 degrees Celsius, or 20 grams of water by 1 degree Celsius. But for liquid water to evaporate, enough heat must be absorbed by the water molecules on the ocean surface to allow them to overcome the relatively strong attraction that each water molecule has for its nearest neighbors. The absorption of this heat does not result in a temperature change because the energy is used to overcome this attraction. It is therefore known as latent heat, where latent means “concealed” or “veiled.” It takes 540 calories of heat to overcome the attractive force between water molecules and convert 1 gram of liquid water into water vapor. When a threshold amount of energy is absorbed, the water molecules behave independently and evaporate to become water vapor that enters the atmosphere. As they do so, they rise and cool, eventually converting back to a liquid state, in a form of clouds or fog. This process is called condensation during which the tremendous energy absorbed during evaporation is released.
9. The second paragraph suggests that A water evaporates easily and quickly, creating sudden rain or even heavy storms B water has a greater tendency to remain in its solid form than in its liquid form C water tends to remain cool because it uses its energy to resist the attraction of other water molecules D water spends much energy resisting the tendency to remain in its liquid form
10. Which of the following applies to the process of condensation? A Evaporated water returns to earth in liquid form, releasing tremendous energy. B There is a tremendous absorption of heat as water molecules resist the attraction of their neighbors. C The interaction of water and air leads to a state of latent heat, which refers to unfelt heat. D The evaporation of heat cools the surface of the water, thus increasing the atmosphere’s temperature.
11. Click on the sentence that states the time that it takes water vapor to return to the ocean. Scroll the entire passage to see all of the paragraphs.
25
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D I T A E G S N T O 2 S T I C
Suggested Time: 30 Minutes
Directions
00 : 30
WRITING
ESSAY DIRECTIONS In this section, you will have an opportunity to demonstrate your ability to write in English.
When finished reading directions click on the icon below
Dismiss Directions
An essay topic will be given to you. You have 30 minutes to write your essay on that topic. Before the topic is presented, you must choose whether to type your essay on the computer or to handwrite your essay. If you finish your essay before 30 minutes, click on Next and then on Confirm Answer. At the end of 30 minutes the computer will automatically end the section. When you are ready to continue, click on the “Dismiss Directions” icon.
Diagnostic Test 2
26
00 : 29
1 of 1
Read the topic below and then make any notes that will help you plan your response. Begin typing your response in the box at the bottom of the screen, or write your answer on the answer sheet provided to you.
When people move to another country, some of them decide to follow the customs of the new country. Others prefer to keep their own customs. Compare these two choices. Which do you prefer? Support your answer with specific details.
Cut Paste Undo
27
Insider
LISTENING SCRIPT
Listening Script Diagnostic Test 2 Listening Script Part A 1. (man) (woman) (man) (woman) (narrator) 2. (woman) (man) (woman) (man) (narrator) 3. (man) (woman) (narrator) 4. (woman) (man) (narrator) 5. (man) (woman) (man) (woman) (narrator) 6. (woman) (man) (narrator)
I can’t believe we’re only finished with midterms. This semester is speeding by. Well, you have some great professors, so that’s natural. You’re taking some famous professors, too. What do you think about Dr. Radisson’s regional science course? Let me tell you, it feels like this course is never going to end. What does the woman mean? I heard you were helping Dr. Thurman out with his new manuscript. I bet that’s interesting. I hate it. He’s working me to death. It’s not even interesting. At least you’re making a little money. That has to help. Money? This is an internship, not a job. What is the woman assuming about the man? I’m really liking this computer science stuff. It’s far better than boring old political science. See? Didn’t I tell you all along this was the right major for you? What can be inferred about the man? Well, today is the big exam day. The last remaining classes have their exams today. Including most biology and math courses. And there’re the economics exams, too. What is the man saying about the exams? The tryouts for the football team are tomorrow. I hear Doug actually wants to go for starting quarterback. He’s too short for it. The coaches usually like tall quarterbacks, and Alex is at least 4 inches taller. But Alex doesn’t have as good an arm as Doug. Why does the man think Doug will not be quarterback? Why are you still studying? You always get the best grades in the class. You should come out dancing with us. And I’d like to keep getting good grades. What is the man implying?
Listening Script Part B Questions 7-9 Listen to a professor and his students discussing information from an earth science class. The class is on the moon’s tidal force. (professor) People have long known that the moon is responsible for creating the ocean’s tides on Earth. But only recently have scientists begun to realize that this action has some important effects on our planet. Does anyone know what I am referring to? (woman) I read that scientists have recently discovered that the moon’s tidal pull has an important role in lifting cold water up from the ocean depths and influencing the Earth’s climate. (professor) That’s exactly right. There is a U.S. satellite called the Poseidon which bounces radar off of the oceans in order to measure sea levels precisely. Scientists involved with the Poseidon began to wonder what happens to all the energy that the moon transfers to the 29
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Listening Script
(man) (professor)
(woman) (professor)
(man) (professor)
(man) (professor)
L S I C S T R E I N P I T N G
Earth. I thought that energy was just dissipated around the world by friction – like when the waves and tidal currents drag along the sea floor of shallow coasts. That does happen. But friction on the ocean floors accounts for only about 70 to 75% of the moon’s tidal energy, especially in places like Canada’s Hudson Bay, the European Shelf off of Great Britain, and the Australian Shelf. The remaining 25-30% dissipates in the deep ocean, creating turbulent currents in the waters, making the cold bottom water come up and mix with warmer surface waters. But is that mixing important? Remember that three-quarters of the Earth is covered with water; the oceans greatly affect our climate. Understanding how the oceans work will help us better understand the climate, leading to more accurate weather predictions and other advancements. If you now think that the tidal energy is responsible for mixing the oceans, what did people used to think was responsible for the mixing before? Winds were believed to provide the energy. Winds generate about 1 trillion watts of power per year to the oceans. But that is only half the total force driving the oceans’ circulation. The other 1 trillion comes from the moon. One trillion watts? That’s right. That’s enough power for 10 billion 100-watt light bulbs. It’s a lot of power.
7. What is the main topic of this discussion? 8. What is NOT one of the places the professor said the moon’s tidal energy is dissipated as friction? 9. Why are the recent discoveries about the moon’s energy significant?
Questions 10-13 Listen to part of a lecture from a business class. The professor is talking about insurance. Almost everyone living in modern, industrialized countries buys insurance. For instance, laws in most states require people who own a car to buy insurance before driving it on public roads. Business partners take out life insurance on each other to make sure the business will succeed even if one of the partners dies. The reason people buy insurance is because of risk. No one knows in advance when a loss will occur or how serious that loss will be. Insurance combines the risks shared by many people, thereby reducing risks faced by a group. People pay to buy insurance coverage and, in exchange, all those people receive a promise that their insurance organization will pay for any losses suffered by one of their members. Insurance is a legal contract that protects people from the financial costs that result from loss of life, loss of health, lawsuits, or property damage. Insurance provides a means for individuals and societies to cope with some of the risks faced in everyday life. People purchase contracts for insurance, which are called ‘policies.’ Although there are many different kinds of insurance policies, they are all basically structured the same. There is a deductible, which is the minimum dollar amount of loss before coverage begins. It would be more trouble than it is worth for insurance to cover a $5 problem with a car, so the company might only pay for damage over $200 or so. Policies also only last a set period of time, called the policy limit. People pay for their insurance policies in regular, repeated payments called the premium. Insurance serves an important function for society. By allowing individuals to share risk, it helps make life more predictable and safe. For example, banks can make loans more cheaply, knowing the people they loan to are protected by insurance. More money available for loans means that more businesses can run effectively. Businesses insure their property and technology against theft, making their operating conditions safer, which in turn encourage more economic transactions. In order to manage their exposure to risk, insurance companies generate risk profiles on their policyholders. For example, auto insurance companies know that young drivers are more likely to get into accidents than older drivers, so younger drivers must pay higher premiums. Similarly, people who drive more expensive cars face more expensive repairs, so their premiums are higher. And people who have gotten into a lot of accidents in the past are more likely to get into accidents in the Listening Script
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future, so their insurance is expensive, too. 10. What is the main topic of this lecture? 11. The professor described how insurance works. Match the insurance term with its definition. 12. According to the speaker, what are the benefits of insurance? 13. What is NOT a risk factor mentioned by the professor?
Questions 14-15 Listen to part of a conversation between two people. (woman) (man)
(woman) (man)
(woman) (man)
(woman) (man) (woman) (man)
I can’t believe we’re actually going on a rafting trip. My friends and I have certainly been waiting for it and planning it for long enough. I’m glad you’ve decided to come along, even if it is at the last moment. You’re going to have a great time. Well, it was nice of you to invite me. Say, I was wondering, how long is it going to take us to get there? It’s about a five-hour drive to get to the camp, but once we get there and get settled in, it’s another two hours on a camp bus to get to the starting point on the river where we launch. If it takes so long, we should be leaving earlier in the day. 10 am is too late. No, because the first night we are going to sleep at the campsite. That way, things aren’t too hurried. The rafting organizers also want to make sure that everyone knows how to swim and that we’re up to the trip. This is a long rafting trip – three days of going down some of the biggest white water in the country. White water rapids? You didn’t tell me there were going to be big rapids. I thought this was just a fun, relaxing trip. It is fun. And it’s also great exercise and a chance to get some sun and fresh air far from the city. But it sounds dangerous. Not really. Mosquitoes are probably the most dangerous things you’re going to face.
14. What are the man and woman going to do? 15. What does the man NOT say about their trip?
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ANSWER KEY
Answer Key Diagnostic Test 2 Listening 1. (D) 2. (A) 3. (B) 6. (A) 7. (D) 8. (C) 11. Premium – Regular insurance payment Deductible – Minimum loss before coverage begins Limit – When the insurance coverage ends 12. (A), (D) 13. (C) 14. (D)
4. (D) 9. (A), (B)
5. (C) 10. (B)
15. (A)
Structure 1. (A) anesthesiologist 5. (C) 6. (B) molecules 10. (B) (some) or (about)
2. (B) so 7. (D)
3. (C) soft enough 4. (A) 8. (C) an 9. (B)
Reading 1. (C) 6. (D) 10. (A)
2. absorb 3. (A) 4. (B) 7. molecules 8. D (water vapor.■When a) 11. Water evaporated ... as precipitation.
5. (A) 9. (C)
Writing When people move to another country, some of them decide to follow the customs of the new country. Others prefer to keep their own customs. Compare these two choices. Which do you prefer? Support your answer with specific details.
In general, it is desirable for someone moving to another country to respect the customs of that country and try to practice them oneself, whenever doing so is consistent with one’s own convictions. This is only fair, because the newcomer is living in someone else’s home, so to speak, and is expected to follow the rules of the house while there. In certain parts of Asia, for example, it is considered polite to avoid sitting with one’s feet pointed toward another person. It may be considered uncouth to look directly at the person to whom one is talking. In all these cases, a person who has arrived to live in a particular society is expected to observe such customs. Violating them is usually not a crime, but to ignore them is nonetheless considered insensitive, if not actually insulting. Where religion is involved, this principle takes on a new dimension. Is it reasonable to compel a believer in a certain religion to ignore or alter the exercise of that religion in order to comply with local custom? Most people would say no. To take a hypothetical example, imagine that a man’s particular religion forbids him to eat cheese on Tuesdays. If he travels to a country where that religious custom
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