Bahan Asid, Alkali, Neutral
October 5, 2022 | Author: Anonymous | Category: N/A
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PMFCMFDMF ^EFDMKMPMF BMPHMF _MBUF 3
PMFCMFDMF ^EFDMKMPMF ^EFDMKMPMF BMPHMF SMHFS _MBUF 3 Gmtm pelmkmrmf
Smhfs
Jelms
3 U^G omf 3UUG
@hlmfdmf gurho
58/4? armfd gurho
_mrhjb
2/4/0>0= (Jbmghs)
Gmsm
==;>> pmdh – =0.>> tefdmbmrh (sekmg)
_egm
Smhfs @mbmf
_mkuj
2.> Msho omf Mljmlh
Stmfomro jmfoufdmf
2.= Msho omf mljmlh
Stmfomro ^eg`elmkmrmf
2.=.0 Gefdhtlmj `mbmf ymfd `ermsho, `ermljmlh omf feutrml omrh mspej rmsm omf seftubmf oefdmf
Bmshl ^eg`elmkmrmf
gefdukh `e`ermpm caftab `mbmf. ^mom mjbhr peg`elmkmrmf, gurho-gurho ompmt; =. Geg`umt pefymtmmf pefymtmmf ugug `erjefmmf shimt shimt `mbmf `er `ermsho, msho, `ermljmlh omf feutrml omrh sedh rmsm omf seftubmf gelmluh mjthvhth ymfd ohkmlmfjmf. 0. Gefdefmlpmsth shimt ugug ugug `mbmf `ermsho, `ermljmlh, `ermljmlh, omf feutrml gelm gelmluh luh lmthbmf. =. Gurho perfmb perfmb rmsm omf seftub seftub `umb `umb aref. aref.
^efdetmbumf Seohm Mom
0. Gurho perfmb perfmb rmsm omf seftub seftub u`mt u`mt dhdh. dhdh. ^efoejmtmf
Strmtedh
Jegmbhrmf ^rases Smhfs (J^S)
Jafstrujthvhsge Hfjuhrh ^efegumf @erpusmtjmf Gurho omf `mbmf Gegerbmthjmf oegafstrmsh oegafstrmsh ymfd ohlmjujmf aleb duru. =
PMFCMFDMF ^EFDMKMPMF BMPHMF _MBUF 3
Jegmbhrmf @erihjhr (J@)
Jegmbhrmf @erihjhr Mrms _hfddh (J@M_)
Jegmbhrmf Hfsmfhmb
_egm ymfd ohiajusjmf ^efomdadh gmsm jhfh
@mbmf `mftu gefdmkmr (@@G)
Geg`umt hfierefs Gefdmplhjmsh gefdmfmlhshs @ermfh gefcu`m
@erihjhr secmrm rmshafml
Elegef Gereftms jurhjulug (EGJ)
@erjagufhjmsh gefymtmjmf shimt ugug `mbmf `ermsho, `ermljmlh, omf feutrml. Gefdbu`ufdjmhtjmf
Shjmp Smhfs omf Fhlmh Gurfh (SSFG)
Geg`umt hfierefs segmsm gefkmwm` samlmf oh `mbmdhmf pefcetusmf hoem.
Xmjhf omf `erohjmrh _ejfaladh gmjlugmt omf jagufhjmsh (_GJ)
Jegmbhrmf `erjagufhjmsh, gefoefdmr, omf fhlmh.
^elmjsmfmmf mjthvhth secmrm bmfos af
^eg`elmkmrmf jaftejstuml omf Lhtermsh _ejfaladh Gmjlugmt omf Jagufhjmsh (_GJ). =. Slmho ^awer^ahft . 0. Tarowmll. Tarowmll. 3. Yhoea Xautu`e ?. @u @uju ju te tejs js.. 5. Daadleiarg. Daadleiarg. 9. U` U`mt mt dh dhdh dh.. 4. Lhgmu. 2. Mhr ghfu ghfugmf gmf ((mhr mhr j jasa asafd) fd)..
IMSM/GMSM
HSH ^EG@ELMKMPMF
MJ_HYH_H ^EG@ELMKMPMF
0
CM_M_MF
PMFCMFDMF ^EFDMKMPMF BMPHMF _MBUF 3
=. Du Duru ru gefu gefufk fkuj ujjm jmf f su sumt mtu u vh vhoe oea a
Arheftmsh
@@G; @@G;
`erjefmmf `erj efmmf searmfd searmfd `myh germsmh germsmh lhgmu ymfd gmsmg uftuj
(5 Ghfht)
ge germ rmfd fdsm smfd fd tef efttmf mfd d
pe pegh ghjh jhrm rmf f
mp mpmj mjmb mb
ymf ymfd
gurh gurho o
Slmho ^awerpahft , vhoea
J^S;
mjmf jmf
Gegerbmthjmf.
ohpelmkmrh pmom sesh ^o^r terse`ut. J@; 0. Je Jeguo guohmf hmf,, duru `ert `ertmfy mfym m jepmom jepmom gurho, gurh o, mpmjm mpmjmb b ymfd gurho ompmt ompmt
Dmg`mr Dmg` mr ohmt ohmtms ms gefufkujj gefufkujjmf mf vhoea ymfd mj mjmf mf
oh ohtu tufk fkuj ujjm jmf f
`mdh `mdh
per erb bmt mthj hjmf mf
germ germfd fdsm smfd fd
om omrrhpmo hpmom m
vhoe hoea
SSFG;
terse`ut1
peghjhrmf gurho-gurho.
Lhfj Xautu`e; btps;//yauu.`e/_xvT?TGzcrM btps;//yauu.`e/_xvT?TGzcrM
Germgmljmf.
@erihjhr secmrm rmshafml.
Caftab kmwmpmf; Jegmbhrmf M`mo Je-0=;
@myh gmjmf lhgmu
@myh rmsm lhgmu
@myh `umt gujm gmsmg
J@M_
3. Duru Duru turut turut `ertmfy `ertmfym m momjmb momjmb jmgu jmgu kudm mjmf `er`umt remjsh gujm seoeghjhm seoe ghjhmf f mpm`h mpm`hlm lm gmjmf gmjmf `umb lhgmu1 Gefdmpm1
3
@ershimt hfdhf tmbu.
Gefdmfmlhshs
PMFCMFDMF ^EFDMKMPMF BMPHMF _MBUF 3
Cmomfdmf kmwmpmf; Xm, Xm, je jerm rmfm fm `u `umb mb lhgm lhgmu u mo moml mlmb mb
gmsmg.
?. Duru Duru gegperj gegperjefm efmljm ljmf f tmkuj ymfd ymfd mjmf ohpelmkmrh, ohpelmkmrh, hmhtu `mbmf msho, mljmlh, omf feutrml.
5. Duru
gefufkujjmf
peg`elmkmrmf
a`kejthi
bmrhfh,
gefymtmjmffym jepmom gurho.
?
lmlu
PMFCMFDMF ^EFDMKMPMF BMPHMF _MBUF 3
Imsm Imsm
^e ^efc fcet etus usmf mf
Hoem
=. Duru
geghftm
geg`ujm lhfj ohseohmjmf.
(=> ghfht)
gurho
uftuj
Tarowm Tar owmll ll
ymfd
0. Je Jegu guoh ohmf mf duru duru gegh geghft ftm m gurh gurho o uft ftu uj
gef efkm kmwm wm` `
ohseohmjmf
Dmg`mr oh mtms gefufkujjmf caftab quhz
mpm`hlm
geg`ujm
ymfd mjmf ohkmwm` aleb gurho-gurho uftuj
te ters rse` e`ut ut
quh quhz
mplhjmsh uf uftu tuj j
TaroTmll .
J^S; Geg`umt Hfierefs J@;
Tarowmll tmbm tmbmp p
gefdukhh tmbmp gefduk tmbmp pefdet pefdetmbu mbumf mf seohm seohm mom gurho.
pe pefd fdet etmb mbum umf f
Lhfj;
gmjlug `mlms teftmfd kmwmpmf.
bttps;//warowmll.fet/plmy/=2424/223/238
ym ymf fd gurho
gefd gefduk ukhh
se seoh ohm m
@@G; @@G;
mo mom m
gurh gurho o
Germgmljmf
SSFG;
uftuj tmkuj bmrh hfh tmfpm geg`erh
3. Duru turut gefy gefymtmjm mtmjmf f `mbmwm `mbmwm;; “jesmlmbm “jes mlmbmf f ymfd ohlmj ohlmjujmf ujmf mjmf ompmtt ohjefmlpm ompm ohjefmlpmsth sth kmwmp kmwmpmf mf ymfd
@ermfh gefcu`m,
@erihjhr secmrm rmshafml,
Xmjhf omf `erohjmrh,
EGJ;
`etull mpm`hlm `etu mpm`hlm seles selesmh mh `elmk `elmkmr mr tmkuj pmom bmrh hfh‗.
_ejfal _ej faladh adh
gmjlug gmjlugmt mt
jagufhjmsh (_GJ)
5
omf
PMFCMFDMF ^EFDMKMPMF BMPHMF _MBUF 3
@@G; =. Du Duru ru gefu gefufk fkuj ujjm jmf f slmh slmho o jepm jepmom om @@G;
Imsm ^efstrujt ^efstrujturmf urmf
gurho-gurho.
Segulm Hoem
0. Du Duru ru
(0> Ghfht)
geg` geg`hf hfcm cmfd fdjm jmf f
`ers `ersmg mgm m
gurho gurh o `mbmwm `mbmwm `mbmf msho, mljmlh om omf f
fe feut utrm rmll
`a `ale leb b
ohuk ohukhh
se selm lmhf hf
gefddufmjmf jertms lhtgus;
J^S; J^S;
@erjagufhjmsh
J@; J@;
-Oerhm Pmsm
-Oerhm Seftub
Gefdhtlmjjmf
SSFG;
3. Du Duru ru turu turutt gefy gefyel elht htjm jmf f `mbm `mbmwm wm,, gu gurh rhoo-gu gurh rho o
Slmho ^awerpahft
bm bmru rus s
`e `ers rsyu yuju jur r
oefdmf oefd mf momfym momfym oerhm rmsm uftu uftuj j
@ermfh gefcu`m,
@erihjhr secmrm rmshafml,
Xmjhf omf `erohjmrh,
gefhjgmth fhjgmt ymfd ohjurfhmjmf aleb tubmf.
EGJ; ?. Duru Duru geghftm geghftm gurhogurho-gur gurho ho uftu uftuj j `e `ers rseo eohm hm Dm Dmg` g`mr mr-d -dmg mg`m `mrr
oh ohmt mtms ms
gefu gefufk fkuj ujjm jmf f
gefy gefyeo eohm hmjm jmf f
`m `mbm bmff-
Fhlmh gurfh
Jegmbhrmf M`mo je-0=;
`mbmf ymfd telmb oh`ertmbu selmsm
caftab caf tab slm slmho ho peg peg`ef `eftmf tmfdmf dmf ymfd ymfd mjmf mjmf
lepms.
oh`eftmfdjmf jepmom gurho-gurho. -@umb aref mtmu lhgmu mtmu cujm
9
J@M_;
@eromym tmbmf
PMFCMFDMF ^EFDMKMPMF BMPHMF _MBUF 3
-U`mt dhdh
-Mhr jasafd 5. Du Duru ru
geg` geg`hf hfcm cmfd fdjm jmf f
`ers `ersmg mgm m
gurho gurh o rmsm gmsm gmsmg g je`hm je`hmsmmf smmffym fym momlmb mom lmb `mbmf `mbmf `er `ermsh msho o omf per perht ht mpm`hlm ohseftub. 9. Jegu Jeguoh ohmf mf gegh geghft ftm m gu gurh rho o uf uftu tuj j cu`m sefohrh germsm omf seft seftub ub caftab `mbmf seperth lhgmu, aref caftab mtmu cujm. 4. Duru
turut
geg`hfcmfdjmf
je je`m `mfy fymj mjmf mf
`m `mbm bmf f
`e `erm rmsm sm pm pmbh bhtt
om omf f
lhch lhchf f
`erm `ermlj ljml mlhh mp mpm` m`hl hlm m
ohseftub. 2. Je Jegu guoh ohmf mf duru duru gegh geghft ftm m gurh gurho o uft uftuj uj cu`m cu`m sef sefohr ohrhh ger germsm msm omf seftub caftab `mbmf seperth u`mt dhdh.
8. Jegu Jeguoh ohmf mf du duru ru geg` geg`hf hfcm cmfd fdjm jmf f `ersmgm gurho `mbmf feutrml pulm
4
Gefdmfmlhshs
PMFCMFDMF ^EFDMKMPMF BMPHMF _MBUF 3
gegpufymh gegp ufymh pel`m pel`mdmh dmh rmsm seper seperth th tmw tmwmr, mr, gmfhs gmfhs omf gms gmshf, hf, ser sertm tm `e `erm rmsm sm lhch lhchf f om omf f je jesm smtt mp mpm` m`hl hlm m ohseftub.
=> =>.. Jegu Jeguoh ohmf mf du duru ru gegh geghft ftm m gu gurh rho o uft uftuj uj cu`m cu`m sef sefohr ohrhh ger germsm msm omf seftub caftab `mbmf seperth u`mt dhdh.
== ==.. Du Duru ru
`e `ert rtmf mfym ym
terl terle` e`hb hb
om ombu bulu lu
`mbmwm `mb mwm mom momjmb jmb oer oerhm hm rmsm rmsm omf oerh oerhm m
se seft ftub ub
`ale `aleb b
ohkm ohkmoh ohjm jmf f
pefufkuj pefu fkuj `mdh `mbm `mbmf f msho, mljmlh, omf feutrml1 Gefdmpm1
Cmomfdmf kmwmpmf gurho; -@aleb -_homj, jermfm oerhm rmsm omf oerhm seftub sef tub momlmb momlmb `uj `ujmf mf pefufk pefufkuj uj smhfthihj.
2
PMFCMFDMF ^EFDMKMPMF BMPHMF _MBUF 3
=0. Duru Duru turut turut gef gefkel kelmsj msjmf mf `mbmwm `mbmwm gefdukh gefd ukh gefd gefddufmj dufmjmf mf oerhm rmsm om omf f
se seft ftub ubmf mf
`u `ujm jmf f
pe pefu fufk fkuj uj
smhfthihj.
-jermfm -jer mfm thomj segu segum m `mbmf ymfd `ermsm pmbht momlmb mljmlh.
-thomj segum `mbmf ymfd gmsmg `ershimt msho.
8
PMFCMFDMF ^EFDMKMPMF BMPHMF _MBUF 3
@@G; @@G; Imsm Mplhjmsh Hoem
=. Duru
geghftm
gurho
uftuj
Daadleiarg.
`er `erseo seohm hm gel gelmjs mjsmfm mfmjmf jmf lmthbm lmthbmf f J^S; uftuj uftu j gefdukh gefdukh pefde pefdetmbum tmbumf f ymfd
(=5 Ghfht)
`mru smbmkm pelmkmrh se`elug hfh.
Gegerbmthjmf, Gefdelmsjmf J@;
0. Duru
geghftm
gurho
uftuj
geg`ujm lhfj daadle iarg terse`ut `mdh gefkmwm` samlmf.
Gefdhtlmjjmf.
SSFG;
3. Duru Duru geg`erh geg`erhjmf jmf pm pmfou foumf mf uftuj uftuj
@ermfh gefcu`m,
@erihjhr secmrm rmshafml,
Xmjhf omf `erohjmrh,
gefkmwm` samlmf terse`ut.
Jegmbhrmf M`mo Je-0=; Lhfj Daadleiarg Daadleiarg:: bttps;//iar bttps;//iargs.dle/wisPI gs.dle/wisPIt2YetxL_tw t2YetxL_twC4 C4
?. Duru
geghftm
gurho
uftuj
`ertmfym khjm tero `ertmfym terompmt mpmt se`mrmfd se`mrmfd samlmf.
@eromym tmbmf
^eghjhr
J@M_; 5. Duru `er`h `er`hfcmf fcmfd d km kmwmpm wmpmf f `ersmgm `ersmgm gurh gurho, o,
se sete telm lmb b
gelmjsmfmjmffym.
=>
gurh gurho o
sele se lesm smhh
Gefdmplhjmsh
PMFCMFDMF ^EFDMKMPMF BMPHMF _MBUF 3
Peilejsh (=> ghfht)
=. Duru Duru ge gefd fdhg hg`m `ms s je jeg` g`ml mlhh mj mjth thvh vhth th oh pefcetusmf
hoem
uftuj
J^S; @erjagufhjmsh J^S; @erjagufhjmsh
geg`hfcmfdjmf kmwmpmf se`efmr. J@; Gefdhtlmjjmf J@; Gefdhtlmjjmf 0. Duru Duru geghftm geghftm gurho gurho uft uftuj uj geg geg`um `umtt jeshgpulmf jeshg pulmf mpm ymfd telmb ohpelmkmrh ohpelmkmrh pmom bmrh hfh. 3. Je Jegu guoh ohmf mf,,
duru duru
geru gerugu gusj sjmf mf
jm jmlh lh
termjbhr tmkuj ymfd ohpelmkmrh. -
Shi himt mt ugug ugug `m `mdh dh `mbmf `mbmf `erms `ermsho ho (rm (rmsm sm gmsmg gmsmg omf per perht ht mpm mpm`hl `hlm m ohseftub)
-
Shim Shimtt ugug ugug `m `mdh dh `mbm `mbmf f `erm `ermlj ljml mlhh (rms (rmsm m
pmbh pmbhtt
om omf f
lhch lhchf f
mp mpm` m`hl hlm m
ohseftub) -
Shi himt mt ugug ugug `md `mdh `m `mbm bmf f fe feut utrrml (pel`mdmh rmsm seperth rmsm gmfhs, gmshf, gms hf, omf tmwmr tmwmr ser sertm tm lhchf lhchf omf jesmt mpm`hlm ohseftub).
-
Oerhm rmsm omf seftubmf thomj sesumh ohkmohjmf se`mdmh pefufkuj.
Cmtmtmf Peilejsh ^elmkmr; ==
PMFCMFDMF ^EFDMKMPMF BMPHMF _MBUF 3
Hsu; Jmeomb Hsu; Jmeomb mjthvhth bmfos af jurmfd shstegmthj. Gmsmlmb; Gmsmlmb; Duru thomj gefejmfjmf pefddufmmf `mbmf segmsm omf selepms mjthvhth ohkmlmfjmf. Se`mdmh caftab, duru thomj gefejmfjmf uftuj gefdetephjmf `mbmf-`mbmf setelmb gelmjsmfmjmf mjtvhth `mdh gefdelmjjmf `mbmf tertugpmb oh mlmt elejtrafhj seperth jagputer, lmptap omf lmptap omf tm`. tm`. Duru kudm thomj gefejmfjmf jepmom pelmkmr uftuj geg`ershbjmf tmfdmf ombulu selepms gelmjujmf mjthvhth. Jejumtmf; Jelhbmtmf Jelh bmtmf gurho-gurho gurho-gurho smfd smfdmt mt sujm gelmjujmf gelmjujmf mjth mjthvhth vhth segmsm segmsm sesh ^o^P. Gurh Gurho-gu o-gurho rho kudm jelhb jelhbmtmf mtmf `erkmym gefc gefcmpmh mpmh bmsh bmshll peg`elmkmrmf `eromsmrjmf lmthbmf ymfd oh`erhjmf gelmluh Daadle iarg. iarg. Cmomfdmf pefyelesmhmf; Duru sebmrusfym gefdmg`hl jhrm pefefjmfmf je`ershbmf omf jeselmgmtmf gurho se`elug, segmsm omf selepms mjthvhth ohlmjsmfmjmf mdmr ompmt gefdelmjjmf perjmrm ymfd thomj ohhfdhfh omrhpmom `erlmju. Cmtmtmf Duru ^eg`hg`hfd;
Cmtmtmf ^efsymrmb ^efyelhm;
=0
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