B1
#GrowingForYou Student´s Book
G4U GROWING FOR YOU STUDENT'S BOOK B1
Primera impresión 2020 Universidad Tecnológica de Tula - Tepeji
Av. Universidad Av. Unive rsidad Tecnológica No. 1000, 100 0, C.P. C.P. 42830, El Carmen, Tula de Allende, Hidalgo, México. www.uttt.edu.mx Teléfono: 01 773 732-9100 Correo electrónico:
[email protected] ISB DIGITAL: 978-607-8680-20-7
DISTRIBUCIÓN GRATUITA, PROHIBIDA SU VENTA Imagenes de iStock by Getty Images®
DIRECTORY Gobierno del Estado de Hidalgo Omar Fayad Meneses Gobernador Constitucional
Secretaría de Educación Pública Atilano R. Rodríguez Pérez Secretario
Subsecretaría de Educación Media Superior y Superior Juan Benito Ramírez Romero Subsecretario
COORDINACIÓN EDITORIAL
Jorge Jiménez Reyes, Dalila Lizeth Sánchez Ortiz, Lucero Alejandra Morales Elizarrarás.
ELABORACIÓN DE CONTENIDO
Raúl Baena Paredes, Edgar Pascual Bustos Vargas, Diego Armando Chagoya Zerón, Isamara Escamilla Leines, Oscar Antonio García Vega, Ve ga, Jorge Jiménez Reyes, Irving Tomás Lienzo Rivera, Ricardo Pérez Jiménez, William Quintero Figueroa, Jair Ramos Morita, Guadalupe Rivera Padilla, Sofía Santín Manzanera, María del Rocío Vilchis Trueba, Norma Angélica Tolentino Mercado.
MAQUETACIÓN
Dalila Lizeth Sánchez Ortíz, Lucero Alejandra Morales Elizarrarás e Israel Estrada García.
MATERIAL AUDIOVISUAL Y DIGITAL
Blas Ángel Angeles Maciel, Alexa Fabiola Marquéz Ramírez, Diego Armando Chagoya Zerón, Yahaira Miren Hamed Gonzalez, Irving Ortega Martinez , Mitzy Paola Castillo Santamaria, Norma Angelica Tolentino Mercado, Isamara Escamilla Leines, Edgar Pascual Bustos Vargas, Sofía Santin Manzanera, Oscar Antonio García Vega, Nayely Pérez García, Parley Horacio Valdes Rabling, Raul Baena Paredes, Kirk Miller, Karla Natalia Rivera Márquez, Rubí Magdalena Ocadiz Vergara, Timothy Mathew Harp, Roberto Reynoso Velázquez, Isaura Marine Cisneros Rojas, Jair Ramos Morita, Elvia Díaz Reséndiz, Gilberto López García, Miguel Ángel Guevara González.
Todos los derechos reservados a la Secretaría de Educación Pública de Hidalgo.
RECONOCIMIENTO ESPECIAL
Universidad Tecnológica de Tula-Tepeji Irasema Linares Medina Rectora
Universidad Politécnica Metropolitana de Hidalgo Norma Ivonne Luna Campos Rectora
Universidad Tecnológica de Mineral de la Reforma Víctor Manuel del Villar Delgadillo Rector
Universidad Tecnológic Tecnológica a del Valle del Mezquital Marco Antonio Ocadiz Cruz Rector
Universidad Tecnológica Ricardo Rodríguez Alarcónde la Huasteca Hidalguense Rector
Universidad Tecnológica de la Sierra Hidalguense Miguel Ángel Téllez Jardinez Rector
GOVERNOR GO VERNOR´S ´S MESSA MESSAGE GE
La Agenda para el Desarrollo Sostenible de la Organización de las Naciones Unidas ha establecido entre sus objetivos para el año 2030: erradicar la pobreza, mejorar las condiciones de vida de la población y lograr la rápida transición a una economía baja en emisiones de carbono y resiliente al cambio climático. Para ello, la educación superior tiene un papel fundamental para generar las condiciones que permitan promover la prosperidad y la supervivencia de las generaciones presentes y futuras, ya que constituye una de las áreas del quehacer humano que ha tenido trasformaciones sustanciales con el advenimiento de la sociedad del conocimiento y con la creciente dinámica del desarrollo tecnológico. En este sentido, el Plan Estatal de Desarrollo 20162022 considera como uno de sus objetivos estratégicos de mayor relevancia: Impartir servicios educativos con suiciencia, calidad y relevancia; que se garantice el acceso a la educación con igualdad de oportunidades y que se destinen recursos a programas de impacto que incidan en la mejora de las condiciones de bienestar de la persona. Es por ello que desde el principio de mi administración me comprometí a hacer de Hidalgo un referente en materia educativa a nivel nacional, con la inalidad de potenciar y satisfacer los niveles de desarrollo económico, social y cultural de todas las regiones del estado. Sabemos que la mejora y la alineación de las competencias clave para favorecer la inserción al mercado laboral de los egresados de educación superior constituye uno de los desafíos más importantes a los que nos enfrentamos como país y como estado. Por ello, estamos empeñados en brindar a los jóvenes universitarios las herramientas y apoyos que les permitan continuar sus estudios profesionales y desarrollar las competencias, los conocimientos técnicos y las habilidades transversales necesarias para una gran variedad de alternativas ocupacionales. Una de estas habilidades es el dominio del idioma inglés.
The Agenda for the Sustainable Development of the United Nations Organization has established among its objectives for the year 2030: to eradicate poverty, improve the living conditions of the people and achieve rapid transition to a low-carbon-based economy thus caring for climate change; to this end, higher education has a key role to create conditions which may enable the promotion of prosperity and the survival of present and future generations. Education is one of the areas of human endeavor that has suffered substantial transformations with the advent of the society of knowledge and with the growing dynamics of technological development. In this direction, the State Development Plan 20162022 considers education as one of its major, relevant and strategic objectives: to offer education services with adequacy, quality and relevance which ensures access to better opportunities, allocating resources to create programs which may have an impact on the welfare of the person. This is the reason why I committed myself to make Hidalgo a national reference in educational matters since the beginning of my administration, with the aim of enhancing and meeting the best economic, social and cultural development levels in all regions of the state. We know that the improvement and alignment of key competences to integrate new graduates into the labor market represents one of the main challenges we face as a country and as a state. Therefore, we are committed to providing the young university students the tools and support to allow them to continue and conclude their professional studies and develop the technical knowledge and competences which will enable them to acquire cross-cutting skills, necessary for a wide wide variety of occupational alternatives. alternatives. One of these skills is the command of the English language. Mastering the English language allows individuals to access a great number of ideas, scientiic processes and information resources only available in that language. Furthermore, Furthermore, it gives access to an enormous cultural heritage in all senses. Consequently, Consequently, being able to communicate well in English empowers people and enables professionals to take advantage of global scenarios using knowledge and information. It is clear that Hidalgo seeks to raise its competitiveness on the national and international contexts, proof of this is that we have become the new economic destination of Mexico, thanks to the strategies aimed at attracting investment that has, as never before, been coming to our territory. We know that the English language proiciency will be crucial to make Hidalgo attractive as a state and Mexico as a country. This will permit us to aspire to a greater economic and social development, hence better life quality of Hidalgo’s Hidalgo’s population.
Dominar el idioma inglés permite a los individuos acceder a un cúmulo de ideas, procesos científicos y recursos de información disponibles en esa lengua. Permite también el acercamiento a un enorme patrimonio cultural en todos los sentidos, de manera que poder comunicarse adecuadamente en inglés permite empoderar a las personas y habilitar a los profesionistas para insertarse de manera adecuada en diferentes escenarios globales, mediante el acceso al conocimiento y el aprovechamiento de la información. Es claro que Hidalgo busca elevar su competitividad en el concierto nacional e internacional, prueba de ello es que nos hemos convertido en el nuevo destino económico de México gracias a las estrategias de atracción de la inversión que de manera historica han llegado al territorio hidalguense. Sabemos que el dominio del idioma ingles incrementará el interés por nuestro estado y por consiguiente por nuestro país, lo que nos permitirá aspirar a un mayor desarrollo económico y social que se traduzca en mejor calidad de vida de la población hidalguense. Reconocemos que, en el contexto globalizado actual, el inglés no puede considerarse un idioma más, ya que su dominio puede amplíar y potencializar las posibilidades de comunicación y colaboración de las personas. Si una persona sabe inglés, puede conectarse con el mundo y si lo desconoce, entonces las posibilidades de interactuar con personas de otras latitudes, de aprender y de colaborar en forma global, se reducen considerablemente. Estimado estudiante, hoy pongo en tus manos este material que fue diseñado y realizado por maestros del sistema educativo estatal de nivel superior para apoyar tu aprendizaje y contribuir a mejorar tu nivel de dominio del idioma inglés. En Hidalgo queremos formar personas capaces de construir y sostener una sociedad en la que prevalezcan valores como la justicia, la igualdad, la inclusión, la tolerancia y el respeto. Para ello es necesario formar profesionistas globales e interculturales que sean capaces de comprender tanto a su páis y a su region, como al mundo entero. Estamos completamente convencidos que ustedes, sus padres y maestros, al igual que yo, quieren un mejor futuro para Hidalgo. Por ello quiero decirles que el centro y motivo de este material son ustedes y la prosperidad de sus familias, porque tenemos la convicción y la certeza de que invertir en educación es la mejor inversión que podemos hacer para lograr que ¡Hidalgo crezca, pero que qu e crezca contigo!
Omar Fayad Meneses.
We certainly acknowledge that in today’s globalized context, English cannot be considered just one more and potentiate the possibilities for communication and collaboration of individuals. By speaking English, people may connect to the world. Conversely, not knowing the language reduces the possibilities to interact with people from other latitudes, to learn and to collaborate globally. Dear student, today you are granted these materials which were designed and made by professionals of the state higher educational system to support your learning and help you improve your English may build and sustain a society where values such as justice, equality, inclusion, tolerance and respect intercultural professionals who are able to understand their country, their region and the whole world. We know that you, your parents and your teachers want a better future for Hidalgo. So do I. On these grounds, I want to tell you that you and the prosperity to your be conceived. Hence, we are totally certain that investing in education is the best investment we can make to achieve our objective: May Hidalgo grow, but grow with you!
Omar Fayad Meneses.
CONTENTS
13
UNIT 1: @Hidalgo_Tech
32
UNIT 2: Jobs
48
UNIT 3: Have you ever...?
64
UNIT 4: Telling a Story
78
UNIT 5: Discovering Hidalgo
92
UNIT 6: Let´s go Camping!
110
1 up! UNIT 7: Catching
124
UNIT 8: Landmarks
140
UNIT 9: We are what we eat
156
UNIT 10: Dreams
172
GRAMMAR REFERENCE
215
EXTRAS
UNIT 1 LESSON A
@Hidalgo_Tech
SAN FRANC -e- SCO INTRAFAIR
1. MATCH THE PEOPLE (18) TO THE OBJECTS THEY HAVE (AH).
a. I have a drone a. I b. I b. I have a fair souvenir c. I c. I have pyrotechnic d. I d. I have a loudspeaker
e. I have laser lights e. I f. I f. I have a typical dish g. I g. I have a ticket h. I h. I have a laptop
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
2. MANY ENGLISH WORDS HAVE THE SAME VOWEL SOUNDS BUT DIFFERENT SPELLINGS. MATCH THE NOUNS 18 TO THE WORDS AH WITH THE SAME SOUND. THEN LISTEN AND CHECK. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.
a. b. c. d. e. f. g. h.
Lap Ticket Dish Laser Speaker Pyrotechnic Souvenir Drone
Seeker Later Pyrogenic Lab Cricket Interfere Throne Fish
3. WHAT DO YOU DO WHEN YOU GO TO YOUR LOCAL FAIR? CHOOSE AN ANSWER AND COMPARE IT WITH 2 CLASSMATES. 4. I always buy tickets to get on the rides. 5. A different one ______________.
1. I buy typical dishes. 2. I take my sunglasses with leds to dance. ireworks.. 3. I love watching the ireworks
4. LISTEN TO THE CONVERSATIONS AND PUT THE PHRASES IN ORDER (15). ONE PHRASE IS NOT MENTIONED IN EACH LIST.
1.
2.
C o o m m m mo o n n a c ct t i iv v i it t i i e e s s. .
T h h i i n g n gss i n in a fa fa i r r . . 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
lying drones _______ eat typical dishes_______ loudspeakers _______ fair souvenirs _______ not to stand close _______ laptop _______
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
watch the lights performance _______ try pastes and barbacoa_______ printed tickets _______ can’t keep some as souvenirs _______ digital tickets _______ with laser lights _______
5. LISTEN AGAIN AND COMPLETE THE SENTENCES. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
You Yo u can’t ___________________________ it. The most most ___________________________typical dishes. dishes. It ___________________________fantastic. My favorite favorite DJ DJ is ___________________________. He’ss ___________________________his loudspeakers He’ loudspeakers and his laptop.
6. Continue telling me what things you like ___________________________at the fair. fair.
7. I really really enjoy enjoy ___________________________traditional food.
8. They ___________________________an awesome performance.
9. They are not ___________________________them anymore.
6. WORK IN PAIRS. WRITE AND PRACTICE A CONVERSATION USING THE INFORMATION BELOW. THEN CHANGE ROLES.
Student A: A: You want to go to the International Fair of San Francisco in Pachuca Hidalgo. Try to persuade your friend to drive you there. Student B: Yo You u are a close friend but you are reluctant about going because you have to drive 2 hours to get there.
LESSON B
SCIENTIFIC AUTOMATION
1. TAKE A LOOK AT THE PICTURE, DISCUSS WITH A CLASSMATE AND MAKE NOTES ON 1. TAKE WHAT YOU THINK THE LISTENING WILL BE ABOUT.
2. LISTEN TO A CONVERSATION ABOUT TECHNOLOGY IN THE STATE OF HIDALGO. CHOOSE THE CORRECT LETTER AND WRITE IT NEXT TO EACH QUESTION.
1. Why does Emilio run fast? _____ a. He has a lot of news. b. He wants to talk to his grandfather grandfather.. c. He wants to discuss with his grandfather grandfather..
remember? _____ 2. What does his grandfather remember?
a. He remembers reading articles on the computer. b. He remembers being into technological news. c. He remembers reading a similar topic.
3. What does his grandfather think about scientists? _____ a. He thinks they are very capable. b. He is realistic and he knows they are at disadvantage. c. He doesn’t say anything about scientists.
3. LISTEN AGAIN AND WRITE T FOR TRUE OR F FOR FALSE IN THE LINES.
1. 2. 3. 4.
I’m going to tell you about a national race. ___________
Our scientiic community always tries to do the best for us. ___________ I am usually informed about these topics. ___________ Scientiic community often has important ideas. ___________
Present Simple.
I/you/we/they try
I/you/we/they don’t try
Do you/we/they try try…? …?
He/she/it tries He/she/it tries
He/she/it doesn’ doesn’tt try t ry
Does he/she/it Does he/she/it try …?
Adverbs of Frequency.
100% 1. Our scientiic community 1. always tries to tries to do the best for us.
Always
75% 2. Scientiic community often 2.
usually
has important has important ideas.
3. He sometimes reads 3.
50%
technological articles.
sometimes
25% 4. I am rarely informed rarely informed about these topics.
rarely
0% 5. The teacher never gives the 5. gives the children new apps.
never
4. REFER TO THE INFORMATION ABOVE AND WRITE THESE SENTENCES IN THE CORRECT COLUMN. 1. It is used to talk about things in general. 2. It is commonly used before the main verb.
3. It is used to talk about habits and routines. 4. It goes after the verb to be.
PRESENT SIMPLE
ADVERBS OF FREQUENCY.
5. COMPLETE THE FOLLOWING FOLLOWING ARTICLE WITH THE SIMPLE PRESENT OF THE VERBS IN BRACKETS.
Minning Tech chnnology. Mi
Real de Monte is located ifteen minutes from the capital of Hidalgo, it 1 ___________ (be) (be) the highest inhabited place in Mexico. It 2 ___________ (have) (have) a a fantastic mining region and witnessed the birth of a passion for soccer. soccer. People always 3 ___________ (tell) visitors (tell) visitors that the irst football match in Mexico was played here. Real del Monte 4 ___________ (be) one (be) one of the tourist emblems of Hidalgo and and 5 ___________ (belong) to the Mountain Corridor (belong) to Route. In 1824 the English arrived to this place, with the most advanced mining technology that existed in the world at that time. The museum “Mina La Diicultad” 6 ___________ (exhibit) a sample of the transition from vapor to electrical machinery. The museum also has an iconic chimney, huge cellars and the famous winch which still 7 ___________ (work). (work). People in “Mina La Diicultad” 8 ___________ (not / excavate) excavate) the the mine anymore, they are digging a branch next to “La Diicultad” and they 9 ___________(do) ___________(do) it it the way their great grandparents used to. The workers usually 10 ___________(eat) ___________(eat) “pastes” “pastes” which is also a traditional food in the region. The museum 11 ___________(open) ___________(open) at at 10 am and 12 ___________(close) ___________(close) at at 6 pm. A great place to admire our old technology. technology.
6. COMPLETE THE PERCENTAGES PERCENTAGES COLUMN AND WRITE SENTENCES USING ADVERBS OF FREQUENCY.
100% 75% 75 % 50%
Emilio sometimes sometimes plays with his soccer ball.
sometimes 25%
My grandfather grandfather is rarely late for an appointment.
rarely 0%
7. WORK IN PAIRS. USE THE ADVERBS OF FREQUENCY AND THE PRESENT SIMPLE TO ASK AND ANSWER QUESTIONS ABOUT THESE TOPICS. Example:
How often do you read scientific topics? B:B: T wo or three times a month
A: A:
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.
Read scientiic topics. Travel around the state of Hidalgo. Learn about new technologies in our state. Clean the environment. Try new typical food. Share places of Hidalgo on social media. Support local events. Visit magic towns.
8. WORK IN GROUPS. USE ADVERBS OF FREQUENCY AND THE PRESENT SIMPLE. WRITE AFFIRMATIVE AND NEGATIVE SENTENCES ABOUT 2 TOPICS IN EXERCISE 7. READ YOUR SENTENCES TO ANOTHER GROUP AND THEY HAVE TO GUESS WHICH THE TOPICS ARE. THEY HAVE 20 SECONDS TO GUESS.
LESSON C
ANCIENT TECHNOPHILES
1. BEFORE YOU READ, DISCUSS WITH A CLASSMATE. 1. How old is the oldest person that you know? 2. How much does that person know about technology? 3. Does she/he like it?
Old and exposed.
Santiago de Anaya. Anaya. July/2020. Santiago de Anaya is famous for its high number of indigenous people, with strong ethnic beliefs but also is a fantastic place because people live happy, happy, they have such a quiet life and respect for the environment. People usually grow their own vegetables, they always work in the ields, they spend the afternoons with their friends in the local plaza, they go there to walk and to ride their horses. Breeding animals is a common activity and also spending time playing soccer or basketball, lying kites or even practicing bare knuckle boxing is a typical activity. activity. People from other parts of the state come here to learn from them, how they live, what they eat and how they do it.
A few months ago, the town’ town’ss life changed drastically when an invitation to become part of a new era arrived from the state authorities, the era of technology in their own town had arrived. To begin with, the citizens had to learn how to read igures and outlines, in order to create their own stoves and kitchen supplies. This is what the people had to learn: • Change their regular routines • Learn basic maths • Do basic calculations • Apply heat and ire to metal • Design their own supplies, as stoves, pots or ovens • Interact with other people from the town • Ask everything they don’t know to the ones in charge • Work in teams Nowadays, this is a common activity among the residents and especially to the oldest ones. They really enjoy it, not only because they are in contact with new technological things but also because they can sell those products and have an extra income.
2. COMPLETE THE TABLE WITH ACTIVITIES ACTIVITIES MENTIONED IN THE ARTICLE. ADD -ING TO THE VERBS WHERE NECESSARY. Do
Go
Play
Riding a horse
3. ADD THESE ACTIVITIES TO THE TABLE IN EXERCISE 2. THEN ADD ONE MORE ACTIVITY TO EACH COLUMN.
sports tennis
hiking
homework
the piano
yoga
nothing athletics
running sports
shopping dices
4. LISTEN TO A RADIO INTERVIEW. ARE THESE SENTENCES TRUE OR FALSE? 1. Maribel is traveling to every single town of Hidalgo. 2. They are in a studio.
T T
F F
3. 4. 5. 6.
T T T T
F F F F
In her story, women do not help men to aid the coyote. In Maribel’s memory, local people are cutting trees and destroying the surroundings. The 54 ethnic groups gather together every time they can. Family bonds and respect are the least important aspects in indigenous regions.
5. READ THE SENTENCES BELOW. WHICH THREE USE THE SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE? WHY? DISCUSS WITH A CLASSMA CLASSMATE. TE. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
Men create their kitchen supplies and women are selling them. I have a picture in my mind. My father is driving the car. The oldest ones are giving talks about the importance of nature. What they eat and how they look. They have a strong belief in nature.
6. THE OTHER TWO SENTENCES IN EXERCISE 5 USE THE PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE. HOW DO YOU FORM THIS TENSE? MATCH THOSE SENTENCES TO THE FUNCTIONS A, B AND C. Sentences a. To talk about things t hings happening at the moment of speaking. b. To talk about things t hings happening around now but not necessarily at the moment of speaking.
c. To talk about current trends and changing situations.
Present Continuous Tense. I am driving
I’m not driving
Am I driving?
You/we/they are driving
You/we/they aren’t driving
Are you/we/they driving?
He/she/It is driving
He/she/it isn’t traveling
Is he/she/it driving?
For more information and practice check the Grammar Reference.
7. COMPLETE THE SENTENCES WITH THE SIMPLE PRESENT OR PRESENT CONTINUOUS FORM OF THE VERBS IN THE TABLE. TABLE. Live
Have
Travel
Stay
Listen to
Invite
Work
1. 2. 3. 4.
I ________________ a fantastic time walking through the oldest towns during these days.
5. 6. 7. 8.
Right now, now, I __________________ a fantastic mariachi playing my favorite song. Indigenous people __________________ in Santiago de Anaya.
Regional girls ________________ as hard as men do. For this summer, summer, I ________________ in San Lorenzo to avoid getting sick. How often _____ you ___________ to indigenous towns?
Sshh, Listen. Maribel ________________him to visit indigenous communities next vacation. Old people ________________ talks to foreigners on how to protect the land.
Give
LESSON D
HAPPIOLOGY
1. WHICH OF THESE ACTIVITIES MAKE YOU FEEL HAPPY? ORDER THEM FROM 1 TO 5 (1 IS THE HAPPIEST). DISCUSS YOUR CHOICES WITH A CLASSMATE.
a. Getting a good night's sleep. b. Eating what I like. c. Learning new things. d. Going out with friends. e. Spending a complete day watching movies.
2. SKIM THE TEXT. WHICH OF THESE THREE SENTENCES WOULD BE THE BEST SUMMARY? 1. Happiness comes from water and its rivers. 2. Technology may help raise happiness or it might result the other way around, if it is not well focused. 3. Happiness and technology can be measured by applying a well conducted survey. survey.
Happiness appiness and Technology. H
Only an hour's drive from the
popular in the region and among
where innovation, technology,
state's capital is the municipality
tourists.
this
applied science and electronics
of Ixmiquilpan, a place where
municipality are aware that if
are growing as fast as crops in
old and new, wet and dry, green
they do not bet on technology,
the rainy season. It is a fact that
and dried up converge. A town
natural resources will extinguish
many
left behind in the past but
in a short period and once again,
happening in the state’ state’ss capital.
nowadays, it is one of the most
their hometown will be left out
visited places in the region. Life
to forgetfulness.
A city that has brought Silicon
span, work, fun and happiness for many residents is improving.
Not even 70 kilometers from
Valley to its own Metropolitan Area. The institute of Harvard
It is becoming more and more
Ixmiquilpan,
has decided to implement one
Citizens
there's
from
a
place
different
things
are
of their most ambitious projects
strategy, they will obtain and
in Hidalgo, a project which
implement the best possible
promises to bring prosperity to
option to maintain its thermal
the region, and to solve many
rivers and their water parks
social
which allow them to have a
problems
society
is
which
this
encountering.
regular income.
Professionals Profess ionals are getting trained to be able to identify, analyze
One of the researchers started
and
new
asking them many questions
methodology in order to attack,
because he wanted to know
eliminate
any
why these people seemed to be
damages which the problematic
full of euphoria. He asked, how
may have caused.
much they earn a month, how
apply
this
and
restore
healthy they feel and
how
changed. Today, they live with
People from Ixmiquilpan have
secure their hometown is? He
joy, they are grateful for what
decided
was
the
they have, they are really living
professionals enrolled in this
citizens were pretty normal,
life and they want to keep it as it
program
and
nothing special between him
is no matter what. Transform
to
and them, so what was it? He
Hidalgo and the institute of
maintain and recover damaged
thought about it all the trip,
Harvard accepted the challenge
sites and why not? to teach
when they got there, he inally
to
them
found
approach to preserve these
to
bring
to
implement
and
many
develop a
strategy
their
neighbor
amazed
the
because
answer
to
his
ind
a
technological
communities how to coexist
questions, and that is, people
beautiful
with their surroundings and to
from Ixmiquilpan used to live
program's leader PhD Ramon
obtain a touristic beneit from it.
under the weather, no hope of
Alberto Sanchez believes this is
People are very optimistic, they
making their lives better but
the real heart of the program program,, to
assure that with help of local
when
resident
be able to help Hidalgo’s society
authorities,
discovered the gorgeous rivers
with real actions not just by
beneath
illing a bunch of documents.
automation
but
most important with Harvard’s
a
local them
everything
ecosystems,
the
3. READ THE TEXT AGAIN AND CHOOSE THE CORRECT ANSWER A, B OR C 1. It is in the irst paragraph and and it is a consequence of of happiness. _________
a. technology
b. lifetime
c. more people
2. An aspect which is happening in the state st ate nowadays is. _________ a. freedom
b. technology and applied science
c. happiness.
3. Silicon Valley is mentioned mentioned in the text as an example of .... _________ a. development
b. happiness
c. life span
4. People from Ixmiquilpan Ixmiquilpan wish to … _________ a. have more tourism b. have more money
c. preserve nature.
5. What’s life like in Ixmiquilp Ixmiquilpan an today? ______ _________ ___ a. full of water
b. full b. full of waterparks
c. full of hope
6. Hot underground water is considered as… _________ a. hot water
b. thermal
c. good for health
7. The project leader says that this is the heart of the program _________ a. the objective b. the guidelines c. the experiences.
4. IDENTIFY ONE WORD IN EACH SENTENCE THAT REFERS TO EITHER TECHNOLOGY OR HAPPINESS. WRITE IT ON THE LINE. Not even 70 kilometers from distance, there's a place where innovation, technology, technology, applied science and
1. electronics are growing growing as fast as crops crops in the rainy season. ________________ 2. People there are very optimistic and they assure that with help of local authorities, automation, and most important with Harvard’s strategy. strategy. ________________
3. A researcher started asking them many questions because he wanted to know why these people seemed to be full of euphoria. euphoria. ________________
4. Today, they live with joy, they are grateful for what they have, they are really living life and they want to keep it as it is no matter what. ________________
5. WORK IN GROUPS. DISCUSS THESE QUESTIONS. TAKE TURNS ASKING AND ANSWERING THE QUESTIONS, MAKE SURE EVERYONE PARTICIPATES. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
How happy do you think you are? Old people tend to say “the happy ones never get sick” To what extent do you agree? What do you think are useful categories to measure happiness? How technological do you think you are? How can someone measure technology?
6. HOW HAPPY ARE YOU? 1. Work in the same group. 2. Now make a list of ive categories to measure happiness and ive categories to measure technology (ie: Happiness; Happines s; money, sleep, love… Technology: investment investment,, willingn willingness, ess, availability ...).
3. Then have everyone in the group give a score for each category (1=very happy, 2=happy, 3=ok, 4=not very happy).
4. How happy is your group? 5. Have two members of the group present your categories and results to the class.
LESSON E
MY FIRST MAGIC ETOWN
1. DISCUSS WITH A CLASSMATE: Many people look for information on the internet about places they intend to visit. Do you think this is a good idea? Why?
2. READ THE ONLINE FORUM AND ANSWER THE QUESTIONS. 1. What problem does each person have? 2. Do you think the advisor gives them good suggestions? 3. Can you think of a better one? www.myelessons.page
TRAVEL EHIDALGO WITH BILLIE :) Ciria: I am looking for a place to stay during my next vacation, but I want a quiet place surrounded by nature where I can breathe clean air and eat something fresh. Do you think there is something like this here in Hidalgo?
Billie: I’m completely positive. It is only 30 kilometers from Pachuca. It is the most relaxing place near the city. There Billie: I’m you can ind trout which are from the lagoon in front of you. You cannot have anything fresher than that and also, there are beautiful cabins where you can rest and forget about the world, everything surrounded by pine trees and local nature. Go there immediately!
Leslie: Hi, I live in a small town and I really want to experience night life with my friends. We are thinking of going to a city but we are not sure because we want a secure place where we can walk from the hotel to the clubs and shops without fear. Help please :(
Billie: Let me think about it. No, I’m joking! That place exists, its name is Pachuca. It is a city where you can walk at Billie: Let midnight and no one will attempt to hurt you. It has hotels all over the city and they are very affordable just in case. Clubs, cafes, sports bars, a soccer stadium or everything that you can think of, it’s there so what are you waiting for?
Guillermo: Hey hey hey, It’s me Guillermo. Hey, by any chance do you know a place where I can celebrate my golden wedding? You know me, I would like a peaceful town but not too quiet, a little bit cold, maybe a touristic place but not too crowded and of course with a beautiful church to celebrate my wedding mass. Just tell me good news, please.
Billie: 50 years now, wow incredible. I know the right place for you my old friend. This place is a magical town and just Billie: 50 for your information it is the irst town in Mexico to be named Magical town. It will take me hours to tell you all the amazing places there are, so pay attention carefully because I will tell you about the best place. The farm “Santa Maria Regla” is a magical place full of stories, mysterious corners, natural spaces, memories and a chapel but don’t think it’s an ordinary chapel, this chapel is baroque style where you can celebrate your wedding, Santa Maria Regla is also a hotel and they have weddings, an all-included service. Go and get married there. You can thank me later. Its name is Huasca de Ocampo, proudly the irst magical town in Hidalgo and in Mexico.
3. CONJUNCTIONS “AND, OR, SO, BUT, BECAUSE”. LOOK AT EXAMPLES OF THESE CONJUNCTIONS IN EXERCISE 2 AND COMPLETE THE FOLLOWING RULES. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
We use _______________________ to connect two words or parts of a sentence. We use _______________________ to introduce an idea that is different. We use _______________________ to say “with the result that”. We use _______________________ to explain the reason. We use _______________________ to connect an alternative word or idea.
4. IMAGINE YOU WANT THE ADVISOR TO SUGGEST A SPECIAL PLACE IN ONE OF THE MAGIC TOWNS IN HIDALGO. 1. 2. 3. 4.
Choose a town. Then write a message to Billie asking for his suggestion. Use conjunctions. Write between 60 to 80 words.
5. EXCHANGE YOUR MESSAGE WITH A CLASSMATE. 1. Imagine you are Billie. 2. Write a reply with two or three recommendations. 3. Remember to use conjunctions too.
UNIT 1 Test
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GRAMMAR
1. COMPLETE THE SENTENCES WITH THE SIMPLE PRESENT OR PRESENT CONTINUOUS FORM OF THE VERBS IN THE BOX. walk
attack
visit
destroy
investigate
t he forest to stay calm. 1. My grandfather always ___________________________ in the 2. Those students ___________________________ how to develop a new type of electrical lighting. t he plants in my garden. 3. Is that your horse? He often ___________________________ the Let’s help him. 4. Look!, Those dogs _____________________ that kid. Let’s It’ss sad to see how those lumberjacks lumberjacks _______________________ our natural heritage and couldn’t do anything 5. A: It’ about it. B: Yes, B: Yes, so sad.
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VOCABULARY 2. COMPLETE THE SENTENCES WITH THE WORDS BELOW. typical dish
drones
ticket
typical drink
ireworks irework s
1. The sky above the state’s fair is illed with _________________. have to queue for more than 30 minutes to get a _________________ at the fair. . 2. You have th e concert, I don’t know how to get a digital _________________. 3. I ind it very diicult to get into the 4. My kids were afraid of _________________ , so we don’t usually go to local fairs. 5. The instructions say: Serve them up hot, with tortillas aside of their _________________.
LISTENING 3. LISTEN TO THE CONVERSATIONS AND WRITE TRUE OR FALSE. 1. The motor usually runs well. ________________
order. ________________ 2. The motor has all its parts in the correct order.
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3. She is watching her neighbors right now. now. ________________
4. She is talking to one of her neighbors. ________________ 5. Every day the place is completely full with people. ________________ 6. Tourists do not come during the local fair. ________________ 7. She is lazy, but at the moment, she is working hard. ________________ 8. She is usually a hardworking person. person. ________________ 9. At this moment, horses are passing by. ________________ 10. She regularly walks to the top of the hill. ________________
READING
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4. READ THE ARTICLE ABOUT CRAFTS AND EMBROIDERY IN THE STATE OF HIDALGO AND ANSWER THE QUESTIONS BELOW.
Millennial Heritages. Hidalgo, a state in Mexico full of wonderful landscapes, towns and ancient cultures. As a result of this mixture, there is an extensive diversity of crafts in its territory territory.. "El Valle del Mezquital", "La Huasteca Hidalguense", “Tenango de Doria” and some of its villages are specialized in handcrafts. In "El Valle del Mezquital", textile crafts are made on a backstrap loom, and designers and workers stamp traditional designs. There are crafts that are made with hard ibers, mainly from “maguey” and “lechuguilla” which are some of the raw materials commonly used by the inhabitants.What is more, there is "La Huasteca" this region has a utilitarian objective rather than decoration. It is for this reason that almost thirty types of crafts have been registered as local in the area and they are planning to register 5 more. Traditional Huasteca clothing has a delicate artistic confection. Throughout centuries, Nahuatl culture has maintained and reinforced a process of identity that is relected in this clothing.Another of the essential places is the municipality of Tenango de Doria, where people make fabrics and embroidery. In these communities the traditional hand embroidery occupies a fundamental place in the material and symbolic life of the population. They use silk threads, wool and other materials, and have been made by craftsmen and craftswomen since pre-Hispanic times. Hidalgo's crafts are diverse thanks to the different indigenous groups in its territory, in addition to the focus that certain communities have on crafts as the main means of having an income. Thus, all of these facts lead the state to possess an unmatched quality and a highly ranked place in making handcraft in Mexico. Referencia extraída de: https://www.asiesmimexico.mx/es/hidalgo/artesanias/artesania-de-hidalgo/
1.
Where do workers and designers work together in their textile crafts?
2. How many local crafts will people in "La Huasteca" will have after they register 5 more? 3. What is the purpose of crafts for people in La Huasteca? 4. Name the materials people use in Tenango de Doria to create fabrics. 5. Does Hidalgo have a wide range of crafts? Why?
WRITING
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5. WRITE BETWEEN 80 TO 100 WORDS DESCRIBING WHAT YOU COMMONLY DO TO KNOW MORE ABOUT YOUR STATE. USE THE CONJUNCTIONS: AND, SO, OR BUT, BECAUSE.
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SPEAKING
6. CHOOSE ONE OF THE CHARACTERS BELOW. TALK TO YOUR CLASSMATE ABOUT WHAT YOU REGULARLY DO AND WHAT YOU ARE DOING RIGHT NOW. WHO HAS THE MOST INTERESTING LIFE?
What does Rosario Rosario regularly do?
What does Elias regularly do?
ROSARIO
ELIAS
10 am: go to work.
10 am: go to the park.
12 pm: have lunch with her best friend.
12 pm: have pm: have a snack with his best friend.
5 pm: inish working and go to the gym.
5 pm: go pm: go to visit his girlfriend.
What is Rosario Rosario doing at the moment?
What is Elias doing at the moment?
1. read 1. read a book.
1. play video games.
2. think 2. think about her debts.
2. eat popcorn.
3. listen 3. listen to classical music.
3. listen to heavy metal music.
TOTAL SCORE: _____ / 50
UNIT 2
Jobs
ENJOY YOUR WORK
LESSON A
1. DISCUSS THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS WITH YOUR PARTNERS.
• Do you work? • What do you do in your work? • Do you enjoy your work or you just do it for money?
2. READ THE FOLLOWING STATEMENTS AND CHECK THE MEANING OF THE WORDS IN BOLD IN A DICTIONARY. THEN LISTEN AND REPEAT.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.
It's good to be employed employed but, but, it isn't a problem if you're unemployed. A good salary salary is is more important than an interesting job. It's good to get on with on with your colleagues colleagues but but if you don't, that's OK. Experience in a job is more important than qualiications. People with qualiications earn more money than other people. earn more Your boss boss is is one of the most important people in your life. Most people would like to be self-employed.
3. TICK THE STATEMENTS FROM THE LAST EXERCISE THAT YOU AGREED WITH.
4. READ THESE SENTENCES. CHOOSE THE CORRECT MEANINGS OF THE WORDS IN BOLD.
1.
Amelia works hard and she knows what to do. She has a lot of conidence. belief that you are able to do something well.
time to stop any project.
2. The boss will decide what to do about the problem with a technology consultant. relative or family member who gives comfort. an expert who gives advice.
3. All the news programs forecast an an increase in jobs for young people. predict or say what is likely to happen. wish or hope that something happens.
4. My irst day In the job was frightening. I didn’t understand what to do. makes you feel tired and sleepy. makes you feel afraid.
5. Karen has a passion for Mexican history. She has about 20 books on the subject. strong interest or enthusiasm. pain or fear.
6. There are several colleagues in my oice who have much more experience person part of your family. person who has the same profession profession as you.
7.
Tomorrow will be stressful because because I have to give two presentations. interesting and satisfying. worrying and full of pressure.
LESSON B
CAREER PLAN
1. READ THE ARTICLE “I HAVE A PLAN”. WHAT IS RUBEN’S PROBLEM? 1.
ha ve a o h t t t n a t r m po 's i i m it ' s a t i t h h ng tto t t s go i n e v s s ' e ie i e l H H e . b b R u be n ha s o ne T he n he h h d s. T n a ea r s n y y a la l o p p w w t t r he r h ca ree jo b d jo o r a no t n n f f i i b o o t t jo j d s s h i ha r in h be h s ta y i n ca n b t t i i t d s a re u n b b e ie i e r r v f a s le ll le h i s w i l l he w he ra l l o f e v n t h e i n S y d . u u s t y s a a n s to he se d t h y t y he p l la ta l i i t o S s p i t o . h d e y o e lo l o r u ne m p n ge t m d ss ta r t a n o a t t s d s n g n in te e ve n i n he i n ha s e n h h T . w ho h w s d n n o io i e t ie i r r a f f c ic i h a t h w i t q ua l i i e nc y w g a l l e v ra ine tt r o n l i n e nce. e r i ie b u s i ne ne s s s e x p e s s ve o v ma n se he l lo d u ld l a o c r e a b e y s wo- y t w y- t s wo r k h h i s t h i t to t h i s e n t y s w s w w y t p p i o l l jo j r r l t t a n e s e , w a s p la n Sa l la R u be n e ha t p s o n t h y t e t s c g n R u be n e e h h ood. H d t g g n a a l l t t s s ' ' e n v e s s g a i H r n t r a r y go. ra ve l i i n fo r a t da l lg he s sa l la t h H i id h i s t r t wo r k s f d n n u i n b no w s t a k k , s r s e e e e h h c g u a t a la l g u b a n b lea u l l p if u co l le se mo ne y m pa n y m e t bea u t i f m r x o o e c beca u n n m m l l l , r e e e l o h h w f f t p k y m s o l a l l l ng ve r He Fo r e xa s ta n t t e. H w i do i n o b. F n n a s s i s n n jo j i i i l t t ' s s n i n d o h h s s n i f s e o y n y ee k ida pa r t ho l id r h co m pa s a s p he i r e nd a w se. tt h p r i s s ra ve l s n t r e a la l o h h t t p p m a r h g w h i m n n d e i o n v v o n n i a g g e le l l l s s l l ” ' p i co w i ic eo h he he y w t h mo n t h e p “ E l l C h ha t t h t t m k k o r s n n i a t t h h i p t t s s i t u ra l l u doe s n ' t ng to v go i n he na t t h s s ' e h h t h ng mo n a m po. c fo l l lo w i n O O e d H ua sca in H s i n ho te l s
n I h I h a v e e a a p p l a a
2. ARE THESE SENTENCES ABOUT RUBEN TRUE OR FAL FALSE? SE? T 1. Ruben can afford to buy all the things he wants. 2. He works in an oice every day. 3. He plans to stay with the travel agency for a year year.. 4. 5. 6. 7.
He hopes to get a better job. He intends to work with his brother. He wants to get business qualiications. Ruben’s company agreed to give him a rise.
F
3. READ THE ARTICLE AGAIN AND ANSWER THE QUESTIONS.
1. What does the travel agency do? 2. What does Ruben do as part of his job? 3. How long is Ruben going to stay in his job? 4. How does Ruben feel about his work and why? 5. Why isn't the company doing well? 6. What do you think Ruben should do? 7. Does Ruben enjoy his job?
We use going to to refer to plans and intentions in the future. Airmative: I'm going to get more qualiications in the next two years. Negative: My boss isn't going to give me a rise. Questions: Are you going to leave your job? Yes, I am./No, I'm not.
4. WRITE THE WORDS INTO THE CORRECT ORDER. 1. Ruben / Where / spend a weekend / is /next month? / going to 2. is / What / do / going to / Huasca de Ocampo? / Ruben / in 3. Ruben / is / a long time / going to / job / stay / at his 4. going to /How /is /get/ Ruben /more hospitality qualiications? 5. Why / for more money? / is/ going to /he /ask 6. Ruben /going to/ ask for a rise? / is
LESSON C
FUTURE SKILLS 1. WORK WITH A PARTNER. ANSWER AND DISCUSS THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS.
1. What do you think the quotation means? Do you think it is true?
2. What job is the woman in the image doing? Would you like to do that job? Why or why not?
3. What job would you like to do in the future? Why? “ Choose a job you love, and you will never have to work a day in your life “.
Confucius
4. What skills and or qualiications are necessary for that job?
2. LISTEN TO A “PRESENTATION “PRESENTATION OF THE FUTURE SKILLS FOR A JOB” AND NUMBER THE FOLLOWING TOPICS IN ORDER.
The situation of having one job for life is changing. Workers Work ers will need the ability to work well with others. Workers will know about a range of different work ields. Workers Work ers will change jobs often in the future. Workers will feel comfortable in different environments. Workers will be able to use new media technology. Workers Work ers will need to make sense of a lot of data.
3. LISTEN TO THE “PRESENTATION OF THE FUTURE SKILLS FOR A JOB” AGAIN AND COMPLETE THE FOLLOWING NOTES.
illls: jo b s k i ure jo tu fu t ve fu F i v to ng: to in k i Sense-ma _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ and a )_ _ ta unders t on io iss i fo for dec i necessar y n g. in ma k i
c ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
_ _ _ _ _ _ sk i i lls: se e e be y yo nd d i i ff ffe er r e n e ce s; b comf or t t able i n d i e iff e ff r e r e n e t e nv i ir r o nme nt . Must shar e e common goals and w or k k st y yl e s.
Mult i i -spe ci ali s t s: ne e ed k now le d d ge of d ot e r r e ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _h _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _..
cy: rac littera edia li -me New-m
Social intelligence: be
ty lity abili
able to
se & coni id dence t to o u _, _________, ____ __________ .g.. d)__ e.g blogs, podcasts;
work in b) _________ _________ groups w/others; change behavior.
ressent own ll pre will fo.. info AV in
Future Forms We can use both will and going to to talk about actions and events we think will happen in the future (PREDICTIONS). Add deinitely (100% sure), most likely (8090% sure), or probably (7080% sure) to express how sure you are that something will happen. Study the forms: Airmative I will deinitely deinitely go to the presentation of Dr. Fox next month. I am probably going to attend the presentation of Dr. Dr. Fox next next month.
Negative I deinitely will not go to the presentation of Dr. Fox next month. I am probably not going to attend the t he presentation of Dr. Fox next month.
Interrogative You don’t use deinitely, likely, etc. in questions and you make simple yes/no questions or you can use question words: Will you attend the presentation of Dr. Fox? Fox? Are you going to attend the presentation of Dr. Dr. Fox? When will your new job begin?
4. COMPLETE THESE SENTENCES S ENTENCES WITH DEFINITELY DE FINITELY,, MOST LIKELY L IKELY,, OR PROBABLY P ROBABLY.. USE THE PROMPTS IN BRACKETS. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
Melissa _______________________ apply for the receptionist job at the hotel. (airmative hotel. (airmative / 70%-80% sure) I _______________________ quit my job next year. (airmative / 100% sure) My brother _______________________ work abroad after graduation. (negative / 80%-90% sure) Young Yo ung people without education _______________________ ind good jobs. (negative / 100% sure) More young people _______________________ choose high-tech careers. (airmative / 80%-90% sure) Suriday and Ana _______________________ look for a job in their home town. (airmative / 70%-80% sure)
7. I _______________________ ind a job by searching internet employment sites. (airmative/ 80%-90% sure)
ROBOTS
LESSON D
Parallel structure in a writing Parallel structure means using the same pattern of words to show that two or more ideas have the same level of importance. This can happen at the word, phrase, or clause level. The usual way to join parallel structures is with the use of coordinating conjunctions such as and or or. Example: Parallel:
Parallel:
Mary likes hiking, swimming, and riding a bicycle.
I think I’ll take a long nap, go ishing, or swim in the river.
Not Parallel:
Not Parallel:
Mary likes hiking, swimming, and to ride a bicycle.
I think I’ll take a long nap, go ishing, or swimming in the river.
1. CHOOSE THE CORRECT OPTION TO CREATE PARALLEL SENTENCES ABOUT ROBOTS.
1. Robots will be able to drive and _________ words. a) speak
b) to speak
c) spoke
d) speaking
2. Most robots today help build things like cars, appliances, and ____________. a) making houses
b) makes houses
c) houses
d) made houses
3. Some robots are designed to explore underwater, underwater, go down into volcanoes, and ___________. a) traveling to other planets b) other planets
c) travel to other planets d) traveled to other planets.
4. Robots which were sent to Mars will collect soil, analyze it, and ___________ the data back to Earth. a) send b) to send c) sending
d) were sent
5. We also use robots because they never get sick, take a day off, or ____________. a) complains
b) to complain
c) complained
d) complain
6. Robots are unable to think, feel, or ___________ decisions. a) makes b) making c) make d) made
7. It is believed that robots are going to increase our quality of life and _____________ care of us. a) to take
b) taking c) take d) takes
2. READ THE PARAGRAPH. CAN YOU SEE THE STRUCTURES OF FUTURE? THERE IS 2. ONE MISTAKE IN PARALLEL STRUCTURE, CAN YOU SEE WHERE IT IS?
My name is Ricardo and Ricardo and I think that my future will be very bright. I'm currently in my third year of the university and next year I am going to become an engineer. After graduate, I will probably travel for a couple of weeks, see some friends, and then to look for a job. I'm studying to be a mechatronic engineer so I would like to get a job in an important engineering irm in my hometown such as Bombardier Transportation. Transportation. It is not going to be easy, but I will do my best. In three years I think I will try to buy a house in Pachuca. I want a house that is near my family, that isn't too expensive, and that isn't far from work. I don't know, but I hope I will be married in four years. I'd like to start a family in about ive years. I know it is going to be diicult to get all my goals so I will most likely study a master in robotics. That's what I think will happen, but of course no one can predict the future!
3. WHERE DO YOU SEE YOURSELF IN THE NEXT FIVE YEARS? THINK ABOUT SCHOOL, FAMILY, CAREER, AND OTHER GOALS. CREATE A BRAINSTORM WITH YEARS AND DETAILS.
4. PLAN A PARAGRAPH DESCRIBING WHERE YOU SEE YOURSELF IN FIVE YEARS. LOOK BACK AT YOUR BRAINSTORM AND WRITE A TOPIC SENTENCE. DECIDE HOW TO ORGANIZE YOUR PARAGRAPH. REMEMBER THE USE OF PARALLEL STRUCTURES, FUTURE STRUCTURES AND IF IT IS NECESSARY USE PHRASES LIKE: DEFINITELY, MOST LIKELY OR PROBABLY.
5. EXCHANGE PARAGRAPHS WITH YOUR PARTNER. CONSIDER YOUR PARTNER’S COMMENTS AND REWRITE IF NECESSARY.
LESSON E
WHAT TO DO BEFORE ANSWERING A QUESTION?
We usually need to give ourselves thinking time before answering answering to a question. There are some techniques you can use to ill silence while you think the best answer or just to remember any data. A) Ask the speaker to repeat the question, example: Pardon? Sorry? Excuse me? Can you say that again? B) Make B) Make "thinking noises", example: Hmm. Er. Well. C) Use C) Use English expressions which mean you are thinking about your answer, example: That’s an interesting question. Let's see. Let me think. Give me a second. Just a moment. D) Repeat D) Repeat the question slowly, example: What … will… I do… after class? …
1. LISTEN AND CHECK THE TECHNIQUES THE SPEAKERS USE. ACCORDING TO THE PREVIOUS EXPLANATION. TICK THE BOXES.
A 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
B
C
D
FUTURE TIME MARKERS When you are predicting future ideas and trends, use these expressio expressions ns to signal a shift from talking about the present to talking about the future: Before long, paper will be a thing of the past.
Here's my forecast of job skills that will help you in the next 20 20 years.
I'd like to talk to you today about work in the coming years.
2. COMPLETE THESE SENTENCES. USE FUTURE TIME MARKERS.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
I think the local job market for graduates will improve ____________________. I think that ____________________ eco-friendly companies will expand. Do you think that most workers will have English skills____________________? Experts think that ____________________ many low-tech jobs will disappear. It is clear that ____________________ new career areas will be developed.
3. MAKE THREE MORE JOB PREDICTIONS.
4. YOU WILL INTERVIEW SOME PARTNERS ABOUT THEIR FUTURE AND BELIEFS OF WHAT WILL HAPPEN IN THE FUTURE. YOU HAVE TO START DOING THE QUESTIONS. CREATE TEN QUESTIONS ABOUT YOUR PARTNER’S FUTURE.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.. 10
4. WORK IN PAIRS. ASK AND ANSWER YOUR QUESTIONS FROM EXERCISE 4 WITH A PARTNER. YOU CAN USE ANY TECHNIQUE TO FILL SILENCE IN YOUR ANSWERS.
UNIT 2 Test
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GRAMMAR
1. COMPLETE THE SENTENCES WITH THE CORRECT FUTURE FORM (WILL OR GOING TO) OF THE VERBS IN BRACKETS.
1. I don’t think my manager ______________ (like) my report. 2. I heard that the boss ____________ (choose) a new manager. 3. I _____________ (see) that new ilm tomorrow night with my friend. 4. I think you ___________ (enjoy) your holiday in Greece. 5. In my opinion, Maria ____________ (stay) in her job for the next ten years.
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VOCABULARY
2. COMPLETE THE SENTENCES WITH A WORD FROM THE BOX. THERE IS AN EXTRA WORD YOU DO NOT NEED. get on well
self employ employed ed
stressful
qualiications
salary
earns
1. I’ve got experience and all the right ______________ for the job. 2. My work is very ______________, there are many problems in the oice. 3. He ___________ $10,000 pesos a month. 4. I am the boss of my own business. I am __________________.
T hey’re e great! 5. I really like going to work. I ______________ with my colleagues. They’r
LISTENING
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2. LISTEN TO THE CONVERSATION, WHO IS GOING TO DO WHAT NEXT WEEK? WRITE E FOR (ELENEA) OR WRITE R FOR (RODRIGO). 1. work late on Monday evening 2. deal with some computer problems
3. work on a new project 4. write a report 5. deal with a diicult client 6. work late on Tuesday evening 7. go in early on Tuesday 8. go in early on Wednesday 9. give a presentation 10. look for a new job
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READING
4. READ THE PROGRAM OF A MANAGERS AND LEADERS’ FAIR AND ANSWER TRUE OR FALSE.
Managers and Leaders Fair Program 08:0008:30
Welcome and Introduction by Dr Richard Fox It is a great fear for leaders and managers to exchange views and information, allowing them to discuss current challenges as well as a great way of assessing your own leadership skills.
STAGE
08:30 – 09:20
NORTH
EAST
WEST
What is your Management style? by Melissa Clark
The importance of the feedback by Amelia Cazares
Should I change my management? by Israel Berlusconi
There’s not a perfect style. Consider the different management styles and decide which one suits your team.
Explore the different ways to give feedback to maximize development.
Help your employees once you change the way you deal and see the positives change it can bring.
09:20 – 10:20 STAGE
Coffee break at the garden NORTH
EAST
WEST
Leading small businesses by Mary Hammer
Hey, tell me a story. by Antony Perez
10:20 –
How is leading small businesses
Sometimes,
to
Hard times in the company can
11:10
different and how can leaders of small businesses bring success to their team?
communicate with your team is by telling stories. Find out how to do this in this workshop.
affect the success of your team. Learn to bring conidence to your team in different stages of the company.
11:10 –13:00 STAGE
13:00 – 13:50
the
best
Leading in hard times by Yanik Hernandez way
Lunch at the garden NORTH
EAST
WEST
Managing international projects by Laura Crown
Conlict management by Silvia Hunter
How can you get your team to think more creatively? by Lino Mars
Consider how to ensure successful intercultural communication in your internationall teams. internationa
Conlict can create problems in your team, but managing conlict well can bring about development. Learn how to manage conlict in
Developing creative thinking in your team. Explore the different ideas that can help your team see things
this workshop.
in a new way and be successful.
13:50 – 14:50
Group discussions
14:50 – 15:30
Conference closing by Dr Richard Fox
1.
The fair will help you to plan your executive future with an effective
T
F
SWOT chart. 2.
Antony Perez will present before Yanik Hernandez.
T
F
3.
Melissa Clark thinks that we should know our own management style
T
F
and not change it. 4.
Silvia Hunter will present in the same stage as Amelia Cazares.
T
F
5.
Amelia Cazares believes that we should give feedback to help our
T
F
T T
F F
T
F
T
F
T
F
employees get better at what they do. 6. 7.
Israel Berlusconi will focus on the problems with w ith change. Richard Fox believes that leading small businesses is different from leading big ones.
8.
Yanik Hernandez thinks that when your team doesn't feel sure about the things happening around them, it can cause problems.
9.
Silvia Hunter believes that conlict is bad and you should not let it happen in your team.
10. Lino Mars considers important the different points of view from each
colleague.
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WRITING
5. IMAGINE A TYPICAL DAY IN 2050. WHAT WILL IT BE LIKE? WRITE A PARAGRAPH DESCRIBING WHAT IT WILL BE LIKE. USE THESE QUESTIONS TO HELP YOU ORGANIZE YOUR IDEAS. WRITE IN PARAGRAPHS. PARAGRAPHS Introduction Study and work Transport Entertainment Conclusion
YOUR IDEAS
/ 10
SPEAKING
6. WORK IN PAIRS. ASK AND ANSWER QUESTIONS ABOUT YOUR PLANS FOR NEXT WEEK. WHO HAS THE MOST RELAXING WEEK? USE THE INFORMATION IN THE SCHEDULES BELOW.
Student A MON
TUE
THU
FRI
SAT
work meeting
afternoon
SUN breakfast with parents
English class
morning
evening
WED
go to the gym
tennis class dancing lessons
Student B MON
morning
afternoon evening
TUE
WED
THU
FRI
trip to musuem
SAT
SUN
yoga class French
lunch with
class
friends driving lessons
go to the cinema
TOTAL SCORE: _____ / 50
UNIT 3
LESSON A
Have you ever ...?
HOBBIES
1. TALK TO A PARTNER. ASK EACH OTHER THESE QUESTIONS. 1. 1. What’s your favorite hobby? 2. When did you start practicing it? 3. How often do you practice it? 2. LOOK AT THE FOLLOWING WORDS (110) AND MATCH THEM TO PICTURES (AF). 2.
1. Chess 2. Blog UFO 3. 4. Clown ish 5. Delicacy 6. Birdwatching 7. Chicken pox 8. Trout 9. Graveyard 10.Forest
3. THERE ARE SEVEN WORDS IN THE WORD SEARCH PUZZLE FROM ACTIVITY 2. FIND 3. THEM AND WRITE THEM ON THE LEFT.
Y W B L O G R K I N I R C H D
V S C C W I G U S V B W H S C
S B J H L R A R U I V T E G H
Z B I X I H D E A X R T S J V
Z G S R B C K M D V W Z S Z V
L D R E D M K Q C Y E R P Z M
T E M T N W R E M G G Y X L D
V L Y U F C A A N R U S A A P
P I J A K Y Q T W P N F E R K
E C Y Y Y I U R C E O V J H D
Y A K K J G U O O H W X G W R
B C A K M Y R A H B I T N H A
G Y K F A F O H E Y C N M C K
K C U F O Q Z T E Y D F G D N
C Z T L A A Y G F P S G X R M
4. LISTEN TO A STUDENT TALKING ABOUT HIS EXPERIENCES AND FILL IN THE GAPS 4. WITH THE MISSING INFORMATION. INFORMATION.
Well! What can I tell you? My name is Mark I live in Huasca de Ocampo, a paradise in Hidalgo. Huasca was the irst “Pueblo Mágico” in Mexico. I have done a lot of activities here; I have lived in Huasca de Ocampo for about 12 years. I have done many things here; I have gone _______________ in the _______________since I was a little boy. Many people are terriied about this, but I have never seen a _______________a ghost in this beautiful place. Everything has been incredible. Let me tell you that mom is a great cook, she makes new dishes all the time. They are a _________ because they are very delicious, and she always asks me before I leave the house for school something like “Would “Would you like some _______________with tomato sauce and mushrooms Mark? I don’t think you have ever tried it”. Actually Actually,, you can ind this kind of ish all over over Huasca; in fact, it is a traditional dish. I have also played _______________in different state wide competitions since I was 7; actually, my grandfatherr played with me every day. It is sad to say, but he died a few grandfathe few years ago, and he is now in the _______________. Well! I have to say good bye because I haven’t inished my homework yet, it is about natural areas in Mexico; thank God I have already written a _______________about the lora and fauna in Hidalgo. Bye!
LESSON B
s e i b o h d n a
FREE TIME 1. READ THE 1. QUESTIONS.
ARTICLE
AND
ANSWER
THE
Have you heard about eustress? It is a beneicial form of stress, that has a positive impact on your life, how can you foster it? Well to start, you need to make sure you don’t waste little periods of time throughout the day that result in hours down the drain on social media or TV.. By focusing, and not multitasking, you can inish your tasks TV faster and have time to yourself at the end of the day or week, time that you can devote to engage in more productive activities that require effort and that might represent a challenge to you but that have the positive characteristic of improving improvi ng your mental and physical health and in the long run make you happier.
s e r t s u E
Have you heard of birdwatching? Have you gone to the forest to observe various species of birds? Many people around the world like taking their camera to the nearest forest and photograph birds to later investigate about their behavior and characteristics, some people even keep diaries and collect pictures; the state of Hidalgo is perfect to practice birdwatching, each region in Hidalgo is full of different species waiting for you to photograph them, this is a great way to get in contact with nature and breathe some fresh air. Have you visited the Barranca de Metztitlán? Metztitlán? It’s a ravine in that municipality that extends for kilometers, it has amazed people for centuries. If you haven’t been to this place, waste place, waste no more time and plan your visit, this place is so important that it has been declared a biosphere reserve. Are you worried about pesky mosquitoes? it is ine, you don’t need to go to the forest to make the most of your free time, have you practiced any sports recently? Have you played tennis or soccer? Sports soccer? Sports are a great way of making friends and using your leisure time, not to mention the health beneits they bring to your life, if you want to be healthier and foster eustress, if you haven’t decided what sport to practice, practice, don’t worry, there are many options.
Have you tried cooking? You can watch tutorials online and follow recipes to cook delicious dishes, it’s likely that you have seen videos of people cooking and having a good time or maybe you have seen someone in your family baking cookies or a cake, and if you haven’t learned how to cook, cook, you can take lessons. Learning a new ability fosters eustress. I bet you have met people people with artistic abilities, art is another example of an activity that challenges you and that has many positive results, have you thought about painting a self-portrait? You can take up painting classes or, once again, use the internet to take an online course, you can even sell your masterpieces and make some money out of it. Many people around the world have become famous famous painters or authors only because they had a lot of time in their hands. No matter what activity you decide to take up, make sure you spend your free time wisely and in a way that pushes you to be
Eustress and hobbies
creative, productive and that has a good impact in your body and soul.
1. What is the text about? 2. What does the text say about social media? Do you agree? 3. What is eustress? 4. What are the beneits of taking up new hobbies? 5. Have you been to Metztitlán? 6. Are you familiar with the hobbies mentioned in the text? 7. Which hobbies mentioned in the article have you practiced? 8. Do you have a hobby? What is it?
2. WRITE THE PAST PARTICIPLE OF THE FOLLOWING VERBS. 2.
Base form
Past participle
Base form
Be
Tell
Eat
Have
Visit
Talk
Hear
Read
Meet
See
Past participle
3. COMPLETE THE FOLLOWING CONVERSATION USING THE VERB IN PARENTHESES. 3.
Andy: Hello Mario, how are you? Mario: I’m great! It’s good to see you, guess what, I’m visiting Tula next Sunday, ______________ you ______________ (be) to Tula? Tula? Andy: No, I ______________ ______________ (visit) Tula, Tula, but I know there is an archeological archeological zone there. Mario: Yes, that’s right, my sister ______________ ______________ (hear) lots of things about that place, people say it’s incredible, why don’t you come with us? Andy: Really? Well, I guess I can go, can I bring a friend? Andy: Mario: Of course who are you bringing? Andy: ______________ you ______________ (meet) Aiko the exchange student from Japan? I ______________ ______________ (tell) her a lot about Mexico but sadly sadly,, she ______________ ______________ (have) the opportunity to visit any place in Hidalgo. Mario: Oh yes, she is a really nice girl, my girlfriend and I ______________ ______________ (talk) to her a couple of times at school. Some other friends are joining us too, my friend Victor practices birdwatching. Andy: Birdwatching? I ______________ ______________ (read) articles about that! Mario: Vic also said he would take us to a restaurant after visiting the ruins, ______________ you ______________ (try) ximbó? Andy: Oh yes, I have! It’s delicious! I think I’ll let Aiko know right now, let me call her, ______________ you ______________ (see) my cellphone? Mario: No, I haven’t…
GO TO THE GRAMMAR REFERENCE, DO THE EXERCISES AND CHECK YOUR ANSWERS.
LESSON C
DISCOVERING HIDALGO
1. LISTEN AND COMPLETE THE FOLLOWING DIALOGUE WITH THE MISSING WORDS. 1.
Laura: Aiko:
Hey Aiko, did you enjoy our trip to Tula? I sure did! Such a beautiful place, the history of your country amazes me.
Laura: Mexico’s history is very rich, but Japan’s history is also interesting. Your country is beautiful, some
of the landscapes I have seen are breathtaking! Aiko: _______________ ever _______________to Japan? Japan? Laura: Oh, well, not really, but _______________, I’m a big fan of Japanese movies. Aiko:
That’s nice! I also discovered Mexico and its culture through television and movies. Actually, something I’m really curious about is the food, some dishes seem delicious, like Barbacoa, _______________ever _______________it?
Laura: Yes, _______________barbacoa hundreds of times! It’s delicious! What other places have you visited in
Mexico? Aiko: _______________and Teotihuacan Teotihuacan only, in fact Vic and Andy said _______________a place called Metztitlan, they mentioned there is a breathtaking ravine with a river and orchards at its bottom,
_______________never _______________anything like that! Laura: Believe it or not, _______________never _______________to _______________t o Metztitlan either, why don’t we go next weekend,
my dad can lend me his minivan, what do you think? Aiko:
It sounds great! Let’s do it!
Laura: There is one little detail though, I can’t drive, _______________ever _______________a car in Mexico? Aiko:
No, _______________never _______________that in my life, I don’t know how to, but I’m sure someone else can drive, Mario’s Mario’s girlfriend drove the last time, maybe she’ll join us this time too! t oo!
2. COMPLETE THE RULES AND WRITE 3 EXAMPLES FROM THE DIALOGUE. 2.
Negative We use the word _______________ to indicate that we do not have any experience on something which someone asks us about.
Questions We use _______________ to ask someone if they have experienced something at some point in their life.
GO TO GRAMMAR REFERENCE AND CHECK YOUR ANSWERS.
3. LISTEN TO THE DIALOGS AND SELECT THE OPTION YOU HEAR. 3.
Aiko:
Hello, Andy? This is Aiko, how are you? Have Mario and Amy arrived already/yet?
Andy:
Hello Aiko, yes, they’ve already/just packing?
Aiko: Andy:
already/yet. I have already/just Tell her to hurry, we are on our way to your place to pick you up, we’re
having breakfast in Metztitlán. Aiko:
Do you have enough gas?
Andy:
Yes, we do, we’ve already/just stopped for gas, don’t worry! Tell Laura to hurry…
Aiko:
Don’t worry, she still/yet On the way to Metzitlán…
Laura:
It’s great that you decided to join us Amy, thanks for driving as well, you are
Amy:
really good at it! I’m glad to come, I love driving, I’ve driven cars since/for I was 15, my grandpa taught me.
Mario:
Tell us Aiko, how long have you studied in Mexico?
Aiko:
I’ve studied here since/for December.
Laura:
Is that it? We’ We’ve ve known each other since/for And how long have you been together Mario and Amy?
Amy:
We’ve been a couple for one year.
Mario:
That’s right but we’ve known each other since/for 2010!
GO TO GRAMMAR REFERENCE AND CHECK YOUR ANSWERS.
I HAVE NEVER...
LESSON D
1. READ THIS BLOG POST AND SELECT THE CORRECT OPTION. 1.
HAVE YOU BEEN TO …?
B l o o g g
Let’s go for a swim! I
have/has
recommended
you
some
a river and tunnels. Also, you can go hiking
beautiful places in Mexico for a long time,
or buy a ticket for the zip line, it’s amazing!
but today I’m going to tell you about a special place I really like. This place is
I have already/just visited Las Grutas de
located in Hidalgo, its name is Las Grutas
Tolantongo
de Tolantongo.
already/just been there last weekend. This
four
times.
In
fact,
I’ve
weekend I stayed in the hotel, but the th e other This little paradise is in San Cristobal, El
three times before, I have camp/camped.
Cardonal, near Ixmiquilpan. Have you
Also, I have swum/swim in the river and in
ever/never be/been to Ixmiquilpan? No?
the hot spring waters, these last ones are
Well, it’s it’s another fantastic place, but I’ll talk
wonderful.
about it next time. I deinitely recommend you this place. Here Las Grutas de Tolantongo is a place where you can ind different natural attractions,
you can relax and have fun. It has been a marvelous experience. Have you visited Las
such as waterfalls, caves, hot spring waters,
Grutas de Tolantongo just/yet?
2. HAVE YOU EVER BEEN TO LAS GRUTAS DE TOLANTONGO? IF YOU HAVE, WRITE A 2. COMMENT ABOUT YOUR EXPERIENCE. IF NOT, ACCORDING TO WHAT YOU HAVE READ, WRITE A COMMENT SAYING IF YOU ARE INTERESTED IN VISITING THE PLACE AND WHY.
3. READ THE FOLLOWING TEXT. 3. TEXT.
What is a Blog? A BLOG is an online place where someone displays information about a speciic topic. A blog is composed of posts.
Post P ost
To write a successful post, this means that the audience will be fascinated by it, the topic has to be interesting. You can use informal writing. The post should have a speciic structure. TITLE (The title catches the reader’s attention) 1. TITLE (The INTRODUCTION (Set (Set the topic. Give general information) 2. INTRODUCTION BODY (Give details of what you are talking about. Give 3. BODY your opinion about the topic. It may have 2 or 3 paragraphs) CONCLUSION (Remark your opinion with a general 4. CONCLUSION comment)
4. 4. WRITE A POST ABOUT AN INTERESTING PLACE YOU HAVE VISITED. FOLLOW THE PREVIOUS OUTLINE.
HAVE YOU BEEN TO…
LESSON E
1. READ THE CONVERSATION AND COMPLETE IT WITH THE WORDS FROM THE BOX. 1. trout
gone
Sergio:
have(x2)
made
yet
haven’t
been(x2)
Hello Rodrigo! How_________ you been?
Rodrigo: Hi Sergio! I’m ine and you? Sergio:
I’m ine too. Tell me, how was your trip to El Bosque de las Truchas?
Rodrigo: It was wonderful! Have you __________ there? Rodrigo: t here? Sergio:
No, I haven’t. How many times have you ________ there?
Rodrigo: It was my irst time there. Sergio:
And what did you do?
Rodrigo: Well, there is a place where they raise ________, and you can buy food to feed them. Also, you can go ishing on the lake. Sergio:
Oh! That’s amazing. I haven’t _________ ishing _______ I was ten. I love ishing. What else can you do there?
Rodrigo: There are some zip lines, boat rides, horseback riding, restaurants, souvenir shops and an aquatic area. Sergio:
Wow! It sounds so cool!
Rodrigo: Hey! Here you have, I brought you this souvenir souvenir.. I hope you like it. Sergio:
Thank you so much. This key ring is incredible. _____ you _______ plans for for the weekend _______?
Rodrigo: No, I ________. Sergio:
Would you like to go again to El Bosque de las Truchas?
Rodrigo: Yes, sure. Sergio:
Awesome, let’s plan the trip next Thursday.
Rodrigo: Yes. See you. Sergio:
Bye.
since
2. WRITE FIVE SENTENCES USING THE PHRASE “I HAVE NEVER…”. THE SENTENCES 2. SHOULD BE ABOUT THINGS YOU HAVEN’T DONE Example: I have never eaten frog. I have never written a romantic letter. I have never kissed a dog.
3. LET’S PLAY “I HAVE NEVER…” 3. 1. The whole group makes a circle with their chairs. 2. Someone starts by reading out loud one of their sentences form the previous exercise; the group listens to the sentence.
3. If you have done what your classmate mentions, you have to raise your hand. 4. The game continues with the sentence of the next classmate.
UNIT 3 Test
/ 5
GRAMMAR 1. CHOOSE THE CORRECT ANSWER.
1.
I have ____________ joined a chess club, my friend Rosa is also in it. Yet for a) Just b) Yet b) c) for c)
2.
We are going to the concert; I’ve _________ bought the tickets. a) yet
b) never b) never
c) already c) already
3. Have you ________ seen a UFO? a) ever
b) yet b) yet
c) just c) just
4. Teacher César has ________ taught English in his life. a) never
b) ever b) ever
c) just c) just
have been here __________ two hours. 5. A: How long have they been here? B: They have a) for
b) since b) since
c) already c) already
/ 5
VOCABULARY 2. CHOOSE THE CORRECT WORD TO COMPLETE THE SENTENCES.
1. Has Aiko ever gone ___________? a) camp
b) birdwatching b)
c) chicken c) chicken pox
2. Daniel hasn’t had a ___________. a) blog
b) graveyard b) graveyard
c) forest c) forest
week. 3. Karla suffered from _____________ last week. a) trout
b) chicken b) chicken pox
c) birdwatching c) birdwatching
4. I have eaten________________ since I was a kid; I live in Huasca. a) trout
b) chess b) chess
c) delicacy c) delicacy
5. Has Tania tasted this __________? a) delicacy
b) delicacies b) delicacies
c) delicious c) delicious
READING 3. READ THE FOLLOWING TEXT AND ANSWER THE QUESTIONS.
Have you ever watched the movie Titanic? You sure have heard about the enormous vessel whose attempt to cross the Atlantic Ocean in record time failed terribly on the early morning of April 15, 1912. The story of the shipwreck has remained in our collective memory as the number one tragedy in the history of maritime transportation. Since the shipwreck was found in 1985, it has delighted many scientists and researchers around the world, but not only them, a good number of fortune hunters have made their way to the spot where the wreck lies at a depth of about 3000 meters, and hard to believe as it is, they have reached the remains of the ship more than once. For decades, the wreck has been explored and many objects have been retrieved from it with the purpose of studying and later displaying them in museums, but sadly many others have been illegally extracted and sold by plunderers to private collectors, thereby hindering researchers from fully understanding the exact cause and mechanics of the ship’s ship’s sinking, as well as its history, this is why we haven’t understood many aspects of the shipwreck yet. Many mysteries still haven’t been solved, but each year new data is recorded and studied by scientists, for example, for many years, people believed that the ship broke in half when the t he hull impacted the sealoor, but recent studies have already proved proved that in fact the ship broke in half while it nose-dived at a nearly 60 degree angle, studies and 3D models have shown that such unusual position, resulted in a lot of stress in the middle part of the vessel which it could not tolerate and therefore ended up breaking it in half. In spite of the fact that the ilm starred by Leonardo DiCaprio and Kate Winslet depicts a more dramatic and embellished version of what happened that night, some parts are actually accurate, nonetheless some aspects of the story will remain a mystery for the years to come.
1. This article is most likely part of: A)
A magazine.
B)
A scientiic journal.
/ 10
C)
A newspaper.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
The best title for the article is A)
The Titanic sinks, hundreds die.
B)
The Titanic, a story to remember.
C)
The Titanic, facts you probably didn’t know.
Why is the movie mentioned? A)
To introduce the topic using a relatable idea.
B)
To help the reader remember the movie.
C)
To remind the reader about how good the movie was.
The main idea in paragraph two is: A)
The discovery of the shipwreck in 1985 was delightful.
B)
Despite lying deep in the ocean fortune hunters have reached the wreck.
C)
The remains of the ship lie deep in the Atlantic Ocean.
The main idea in paragraph three is: A)
The shipwreck has been widely explored for years in spite of plunderers.
B)
The shipwreck has been reached by plunderers and scientists.
C)
Plunderers have hindered researchers from understanding the shipwreck.
The purpose of paragraph four is: A)
To bust a myth widely spread.
B)
To explain how the ship sunk.
C)
To describe when the ship broke in half.
The main idea in paragraph ive is: A)
The movie is very accurate and relects exactly what happened in real life.
B)
The movie is accurate up to a point but some things will remain a mystery mystery..
C)
The movie is inaccurate but still worth watching.
The purpose of the article is: A) To inform readers about new discoveries related to the Titanic. B)
To describe what happened the night the Titanic sank.
C)
To discuss facts the reader most likely didn’t know about the shipwreck.
The word “Plunderers” in paragraph three probably means: A)
Sea creatures that inhabit shipwrecks shipwrecks..
B)
People that extract things illegally from a damaged or abandoned place.
C)
People who are curious and that decide to explore shipwrecks.
10. The word “Hinder” in paragraph three probably means: A) B)
To make it diicult to do somethin something. g. To make it easier to do somethin something. g.
C)
To make it possible to do somethin something. g.
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LISTENING
4. LISTEN TO TWO STUDENTS TALKING ABOUT THEIR TRIPS; THEN, ANSWER TRUE (T) OR FALSE (F). 1.
Andy has just visited La Grutas de Tolantongo. Tolantongo.
T
F
2.
Mark has visited Las Grutas de Tolantongo Tolantongo since he was very young.
T
F
3.
Andy has never been to Tenango de Doria.
T
F
4.
Mark’s grandma has never redecorated her house.
T
F
5.
Colorful embroideries with animals and plants have represented Tenango Tenango de Doria.
T
F
6.
Mark and Andy have already eaten insects in Tenango de Doria.
T
F
7.
Mark still hasn’t read about “Chicalas”.
T
F
8.
Andy has never learnt how to pack her luggage.
T
F
9.
Mark and Andy haven’t been to Tenango de Doria together.
T
F
T
F
10. Andy hasn’t had time to check all of the information of her light yet.
WRITING
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5. WRITE A BLOG POST ABOUT YOUR FAVORITE DISH. USE THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS TO ORGANIZE YOUR IDEAS.
•
Why do you like it?
•
How long have you eaten it?
•
•
Where is it form? Which ingredients does it have?
SPEAKING
/ 10
6. THINK ABOUT FIVE ACTIVITIES YOU HAVE DONE FOR A LONG TIME AND THREE YOU HAVEN’T. SHARE THEM WITH A PARTNER.
TOTAL SCORE: _____ / 50
UNIT 4 LESSON A
Telling a Story
I DID IT MYSELF
1. MATCH THE SENTENCES WITH THE PICTURES, WRITE THE NUMBER ON EACH 1. IMAGE. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
Maria spilled coffee on herself, she had to change. Go to the beach by yourselves, I can take care of the children. Maria taught herself how how to cook. Mariana and Linda enjoy reading by themselves in their room. I don’t like eating by myself , it makes me very sad. I poked myself in in the eye with my finger, finger, I wanted to scratch my head. Lucas solved the equation himself, no-one helped him. Did the cat hurt itself playing? playing? We can fix the car ourselves, we don’t need a mechanic, it’s easy. My son can’t tie his shoelaces himself, he still needs help.
2. DISCUSS THE QUESTIONS AND REWRITE THE PREVIOUS SENTENCES UNDER THE 2. CORRECT CATEGORY. • What are some examples of accidental actions? • What are some examples of things you can do to yourself on purpose? • What word do we use to indicate that people do things alone? • What are some examples of diicult actions in the sentences? Do you need help to do them?
Accidental things
Things people
Diicult things people
Things you do to
do alone
do with no help
yourself on purpose.
GO TO GRAMMAR REFERENCE AND DO THE EXERCISES. 3. COMPLETE THE TEXT WITH THE CORRECT OPTIONS FROM THE BOX. 3. herself himself myself themselves ourselves by themselves herself cut himself by myself hurt myself
Ricardo is from Zacualtipan, he’s 19 years old and he’s incredibly smart. The other day he fixed his laptop _______________. He didn’t need anyone to help him, but he almost _______________ with a utility knife. He has a sister, her name is Rosa, she is 21 and she always asks Ricardo to help her with her mathematics homework, because she can’t do it _______________. Rosa loves her Literature class; she is always reading books _______________ in her room.
o d r a c i R
Ricardo and Rosa study in Pachuca, they rent a house where they live _______________, they also work part time because they pay for their studies _______________, their parents help them with the rent. They both are my friends. I usually invite them to come over to my house because I don’t like to study _______________. It’s better for me if I study with people around me, however when it comes to math homework, even if Ricardo and Rosa are with me I solve my equations _______________. We always have fun together together,, and we take care of each other, actually, actually, last Monday, Monday, I _______________ and Rosa drove me to the hospital, nothing bad happened but it's good to know that we can solve our own problems _______________.
4. MATCH THE WORDS IN BOLD WITH THE DEFINITIONS. 4.
Rosa loves her literature class because she loves reading about legends, stories about elves, witches and goblins; frightening books about eerie events that happened in the mines in Real del Monte and many other weird stuff, stuff, she
also enjoys reading history books. books.
Word
Deinition
Adjective. Strange and scary. Traditional stories passed from generation to generation, they Traditional can be about events seen as historical but without proof of their authenticity. Supernatural creatures with pointy ears that have magical powers and can have a humanoid form.
Adjective. Something that makes you terrified and anxious.
A narration about real or imaginary events that people tell for entertainment.
The science that studies past events.
Adjective. Very strange.
Ugly and little creatures that enjoy annoying humans. There is a museum dedicated to them in Huasca de Ocampo. Women with supernatural powers that are usually depicted with pointed black hats and ugly faces.
LESSON B
I’VE NEVER BEEN MORE SCARED
1. 1. DISCUSS THESE QUESTIONS. 1. Look at the title and the picture from the text below. What do you think the story is about? 2. What do you see in the picture? 3. Do you think the story is about real life or fantastic events? 2. READ THE TEXT AND DECIDE IF THE STATEMENTS BELOW ARE TRUE OR FALSE.
A frightening night My name is Rosa, and I love the rich history of Hidalgo. Have you ever been to Zapotlán de Juarez? People grow crops there, my great-grandfather was a farmer and he grew corn, he built a small shack in the middle of the corn fields where he stayed when he needed to take care of his crops. One day when I was little, my father decided to take us to the shack, during the harvest har vest season, my parents decided to spend the night there. Everyone was sleeping, when an eerie sound coming from outside woke me up, it was the echoing and unintelligible crying of a child. Since I didn’t understand if he was saying something, I went outside to check but I saw nothing but fog; suddenly I noticed a red glow at the distance and I decided to follow it. I heard someone moving between the tall corn stalks. Before I reached the glow, it disappeared and the crying stopped, I thought a little kid was lost and I proceeded to ask “Have you lost your parents?” When suddenly a raspy female voice whispered in my ear with a sinister tone, something I will never forget: “I like your eyes” every hair on the back of my neck stood up and my blood froze, I didn’t want to look behind me but I managed to glance over my shoulder, and what I saw standing there made me start shaking like a leaf. I’ve never seen anything like that again, I gathered all my strength and ran towards the shack, but this thing was one step behind me, then I tripped over a branch and fell. I managed to quickly look up and there it was, right in front of me, what appeared to be an old woman with a disfigured and rotting face, no eyes, the legs of a goat, and horrible bonny hands. She looked at me and said “I’ve called my sisters, they will be here soon” and that’s when I though “this is a witch”. My great-grandfather used to tell lots of stories about witches. She started to reach out for me and yelled, “We’ve “We’ve eaten lots of children like you”. As I saw her bony hands about to grab me, my life flashed before my eyes. I started crying when out of the stalks our dog Max jumped. He started start ed barking and growling at the monster. The horrible specter backed down and Max started chasing it away and I dashed to the shack. Max came behind me. We entered the shack and everyone was still sleeping. I immediately fainted.
The next day I woke up and told my parents about the witch but they didn’t believe me. People have tried to convince me over the years that it was only a nightmare but I’m convinced it was real. I’m not sure if it was a witch or a ghost but I even have some scars from that fall, this is why I read stories about goblins and witches
as I want to know if others have seen what I saw eleven years ago.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.
The story is about a nightmare Rosa had.
T
F
Rosa’s great-grandfather was a farmer.
T
F
Her great-grandfather’s great-grandfather’s shack is in Zapotlán de Juarez.
T
F
They spent the night at the shack because their car broke down.
T
F
Rosa heard the voice of a child saying her name.
T
F
Rosa didn’t understand what the female voice whispered.
T
F
Rosa has never seen anything like what she saw that day again.
T
F
The witch said she and her sisters had eaten children like Rosa in the past.
T
F
Rosa’s parents didn’t believe her.
T
F
3. READ THE TEXT AGAIN AND SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER TO THE STATEMENTS. 1. The main idea in paragraph one is:
7.
In paragraph three, the intention of the phrase
a. Rosa’s great-grandfather was a farmer from
“my life flashed before my eyes” is:
Zapotlán de Juarez.
a. To say that her life was about to end before
b. Rosa once was scared near the shack his
she closed her eyes.
great-grandfather great-grandf ather built.
b. To say that she saw her life in her mind very
quickly like a movie. “unintelligible” in 2. The meaning of the word “unintelligible” paragraph two probably is:
8.
The main idea in paragraph three is:
a. Impossible to understand.
a. Rosa has been to a place where she
b. Impossible to hear.
encountered a supernatural creature with her dog.
3. The meaning of the word “whispered” in
b. A supernatural creature almost killed Rosa
but her dog saved her.
paragraph three probably is: a. To say something loudly. b. To say something softly.
9.
The main idea in paragraph four is: a. Rosa experienced something nobody
4. In paragraph three the intention of the phrase “every hair on the back of my neck ne ck stood up
believes is real. b. Rosa had a nightmare that was very realistic.
and my blood froze” is: a. To say that Rosa was incredibly surprised. b. To say that Rosa was incredibly scared.
5. The word “glance” in paragraph three is similar to: a. Look. b. Hear.
6. In paragraph 3 where Rosa says “I was shaking like a leaf” she means that: a. Her body was shaking because she was
scared.
GO TO THE GRAMMAR REFERENCE AND DO THE EXERCISES.
b. Her body was shaking because she was cold.
LESSON C
CHILLING ST STORIES ORIES
1. TALK TO A PARTNER. 1. 1. Have you ever seen a ghost or experienced a supernatural situation? 2. What kind of stories have you heard about? 3. Which is the creepiest story you have heard? GO TO THE GRAMMAR REFERENCE AND DO THE EXERCISES. 2. LISTEN TO ROBERT’S STORY. TICK TRUE (T) OR FALSE (F). 2. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.
Robert has lived in Pachuca since he was little.
T
F
His great-grandfather came from England.
T
F
Robert has heard great stories like “The English Town”.
T
F
Richard Bell achieved fame in England.
T
F
Richard Bell’s spirit makes himself visible to good people.
T
F
Robert’s grandfather and his friends were by themselves in the cemetery.
T
F
Robert’s great -grandfather had the key to the cemetery.
T
F
T
F
8. People have invented stories after the situations Robert’s great-grandpa lived.
3. LISTEN TO ROBERT’S STORY AGAIN AND COMPLETE THE SENTENCES. 3.
1. Actually Actually,, my father ______________________ us many of them too. 2. He came to Mexico ______________________ . 3. The English Clown’s Clown’s soul ______________________ every night through the cemetery. cemetery. 4. They unlocked the gate gate ______________________ and got into the graveyard graveyard.. 5. Suddenly Suddenly,, the ground and the trees ______________________ to move. 6. Unfortunately Unfortunately,, it locked ______________________ . 7. Since that day on, people people ______________________ the cemetery. cemetery. 8. ______________ you ______________________ for a great great joke? 9. My great-grandpa was very brave and managed to open the gate ______________________ . 10. Where are you you going? The show ______________________ .
LESSON D
MORE STORIES
1. READ THE FOLLOWING TEXT, FIND THE 8 MISTAKES AND WRITE THEM IN THE BOX.
Have you ever heard about bulletin Have bulletin boards? You probably have. Well! Bulletin boards have being used in different forms throughout the time. In the past, people used different surfaces such as cork, wood or cardboard to advertise items they want to sale; they also posted public messages, events or any kind of information to let people know about something. Things have definitely change. You can use online sites to post any kind of information you want. Actually, websites provide you with many different digital tools to design them. You can make bulletin boards yourselfs,, you don’t really need any kind of help or assistance. In fact, many people around the world have yourselfs enjoyed themselves designing this kind of networking sites because it fascinates them. You don’t need to worry about specialized programing languages, programmers programmers have already done the hard work. If you hasn’t had the opportunity to blow up your imagination by designing one of them online, you can actually give yourself the chance to contribute with some interesting information to the site someone has shared with you. They can be friends or people with similar likes as yours. Believe me, bulletin boards had revolutionized revolutioniz ed the way we see, share and get information. When you design an electronic bulletin board, it is recommendable to include an interesting and catchy title for it, then add information related to the title you’ve just chosen for it. You can also include pictures or amateur videos you have record yourself. yourself. Be ready to share the link to the online site with people you would like to add content to. Remember to be polite even if they haven’t added relevant information information or reorganized the content the way you wanted, it is teamwork. You’ve just gotten an insight. Now! Go to your room, turn on your computer, grab a chair to make herself comfortable, google google more information and design the best bulletin board that has ever existed.
2. TALK TO A PARTNER. 2. 1. What information is necessary to write bulletin boards? 2. Have you ever posted information on these web sites? 3. Why? 3. READ THE FOLLOWING BULLETIN BOARD ABOUT A LEGEND; THEN USE YOUR IMAGINATION AND ADD INFORMATION IN THE EMPTY BOXES.
Creepy and spooky legends from hidalgo La Aparecida”
Describing D escribing the environment
Apparently,, the legend appeared in 1951. Apparently It is said that “La Aparecida” has been a very famous legend in the mining town of Real del Monte.
What has happened?
A similar story
“La Aparecida” usually shows herself on the road to drivers traveling by themselves. The ones who have
Interesting fac facts. ts.
experienced such a creepy situation claim that a woman dressed in black suddenly turns up out of nowhere on the road from Real del Monte to Pachuca.
Men have said that she normally asks the drivers to take her to San Bartolo (a nearby town in Pachuca) heading the local cemetery in that place, but when they look at the rearview mirror, they realized that the woman has already disappeared disappeared..
TELL ME A LEGEND
LESSON E
1. COMPLETE THE CONVERSATION WITH THE PAST SIMPLE OR THE PRESENT PERFECT 1. SIMPLE FORM OF THE VERBS IN BRACKET BRACKETS. S. THEN LISTEN AND CHECK.
Robert: Rosa: Robert: Rosa:
Hi Rosa! How’s everything going? Hi Robert! Fine, what about you? Well, I’m a little bit tired. Yes, you look tired. Why? What ____________ you ____________ (do) over the weekend?
Robert: I visited Real del Monte. ____________ you ever ____________ (be) there? Rosa: Yes Yes,, I ____________ (have). What did you do there? Robert: I have visited it twice, but this weekend I ____________ (go) with my cousins. On Friday we had coffee downtown and the waiter told us about the English Cemetery. Also, he said that on Saturday’s night the guard tells legends. So, we ____________ (decide) to go. When we arrived to the cemetery, the guard received us. While we were walking through the tombs he was telling us the legends. The legend that has scared me the most is the Woman Woman in Black. ____________ you ever ever ____________ (hear) it?
Rosa: No, I haven’t. Tell me. Robert: The guard told us that there is a woman dressed in black that asks for a ride during dark and foggy nights. She only appears to men that are driving alone. He mentioned the experience of Don Refugio.
Rosa: Robert: Rosa: Robert:
What happened to Don Refugio? Are you sure you want to hear it? Yes, sure. OK. Don Refugio is one of of the men that ____________ ____________ (give) a ride to this woman. He said that he picked her up near the monument of Engineer Clifford.. He ______________ (think) the woman had an accident with her car and Clifford he decided to give her a ride. The woman got into the car, Don Refugio _________________(ask) her where she was going and she answered that she was going to the English Cemetery. So, he turned and drove drov e that way. way. When they ____________ (arrive) to the cemetery, cemetery, the woman told him to wait for her, but he didn’t do it because as soon as he_______________ (see), the woman went through the gate of the cemetery,, he drove as fast as he could to get out of that place. cemetery
Rosa: What? That must have been scary!!! Robert: Yes Yes.. That is why I am tired; I didn’t sleep well that night nor last night.
2. 2. WHAT’S THE SCARIEST LEGEND YOU HAVE HEARD ABOUT? THINK ABOUT IT AND WRITE FIVE SENTENCES.
3. GET IN TEAMS OF FOUR, TELL THE LEGEND TO YOUR CLASSMATES, YOU CAN USE 3. THE PREVIOUS SENTENCES AS HELP.
UNIT 4 Test
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GRAMMAR
1. COMPLETE THE SENTENCES WITH THE CORRECT FORM OF THE WORDS IN THE BOX.
see
have
do
1.
I __________________ a UFO while I was camping in the forest.
2.
Have they __________________ the project yet?
tell
be
3. The story that Sandra __________________ us was scary. 4. Have you __________________ a paranormal experience? 5. Has she __________________ to Huichapan?
VOCABULARY 2. COMPLETE THE SENTENCES WITH ONE WORD FORM THE BOX. legend
goblin
elves
witch
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mines
1.
Have you ever seen a __________________ ?
2.
__________________ are little creatures that look like humans but they have pointed ears.
3. Did they hear about the __________________ that was lying on her broom? 4. A __________________ is a local story that has been told for a long time. 5. The __________________ are part of the history of Real del Monte.
READING
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3. READ THE FOLLOWING TEXT AND ANSWER THE QUESTIONS.
[email protected] ail.com From: dorisshutt@happym To:
[email protected] Subject: Problems with product, refund needed. Dear Mr. Michael Wormwood: I want to inform you that I’ve been experiencing problems with the vacuum cleaner I purchased at one of your stores three weeks ago. The machine worked perfectly for the irst four days but it began malfunctioning on day ive; at irst, I thought it was a problem related to the fact that the device is very sophisticated but I’ve already read the manual more than once and I realize that actually it is the product the one that is not working as it is supposed to, I am really frustrated because it was quite a pricy product, and it should work properly, I’ve already tried calling the company but your customer service has been no help at all, I called for the irst time last Monday and again yesterday and today but the answer has been the same, to read the manual, I’ve already tried everything and the vacuum cleaner keeps blowing the dust instead of sucking it, it’ it’ss been 2 weeks since this began happening and I’ve decided I want a refund, I don’t want this product anymore. Attached you will ind a scan of my receipt as well as the warranty where you state you can refund my money in case I’m not satisied with the product. I look forward to hearing from you and I hope this time you can solve this frustrating situation. Sincerely Mrs. Doris Shutt.
1.
What kind of email is this?
2. Why is the woman sending the email? 3. What is the problem with the vacuum cleaner? 4. How long has this problem been going on? 5. When did the problem start? 6. How many times has the woman called the company’s company’s customer service? 7.
When did she call them for the irst time?
8. Why does she say that the company’s company’s customer service hasn’t helped at all? 9. What has the woman decided? 10. Why did she attach a copy of the product’ product’ss warranty?
LISTENING
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4. LISTEN TO A LECTURE ABOUT PARANORMAL ACTIVITY AND ANSWER THE QUESTIONS.
1.
Dr. Henristain wants to: a) Invite his students to visit a haunted house. b) Show his students that the human brain is complex. c) Convince his students that ghosts do not exist.
2.
What has intrigued humankind for years? a) The existence of supernatural beings. b) The human brain. c) Neuro-Linguis Neuro-Linguistic tic Programm Programming ing
3.
The expression “What your mind focuses on, materializes” is close in meaning to. a) What you think of becomes real. b) What you think is true. c) What you think affects your beliefs.
4.
Dr. Henristain seems: a) Angry. b) Excited. c) Disappointed.
5.
Which of the following is not mentioned? a) Believing in paranormal activity has inluenced the way we live. b) Believing in paranormal activity has confused our lives. c) Believing in paranormal activity has given us an identity.
6.
This lecture was probably given in: a) A paranormal class. b) History class. c) Psychology class.
7.
What does Dr. Henristain want to do when he mentions “look into your memory for information related to a time you really wanted to eat a double meat hamburger with extra tomatoes, onions and ketchup”? a) Emphasize the power or good and evil. b) Explain why we can’t see ghosts. c) Exemplify how our mind works.
8.
What have the students heard about paranormal activity during the lecture? a) It isn’t a new trend. b) It has been part of human evolution.
c) It has affected current technology.
9.
When Dr. Henristain mentions mentions that he has visited different countries, he probably means: a) He has eluded other places. b) He hasn't lived overseas. c) He has lived abroad.
10. What did Dr. Henristain decide to do at the end of the lecture? a) Motivate students to do more research on the supernatural. b) Encourage students to look for more information. c) Pretend he probably saw a soul to scare them.
WRITING
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5. HAVE YOU EVER EXPERIENCED A PARANORMAL SITUATION? OR HAVE YOU HEARD ABOUT ONE? WRITE A DESCRIPTIVE PARAGRAPH ABOUT IT (USE BETWEEN 80 AND 100 WORDS). HELP YOUR YOURSELF SELF WITH THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS:
•
•
•
•
Who experienced it? Where did it happen? When did it happen? Is it related to a legend?
SPEAKING
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6. THINK OF SOMETHING THAT YOU BOUGHT AND DIDN’T WORK PROPERLY, USE THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS TO THINK OF IDEAS, THEN SHARE THE STORY WITH A PARTNER. •
•
What was it? What happened to it?
•
How long did the object malfunction?
•
What did you do about it?
TOTAL SCORE: _____ / 50
UNIT 5
LESSON A
Discovering Hidalgo
WHO OR HOW?
1. GET IN PAIRS. DISCUSS THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS. 1. 1. Do you know what an adjective is? 2. Do you know what an adverb is? 2. LOOK FOR THE WORDS “ADJECTIVE” AND “ADVERB” IN A DICTIONARY AND WRITE DOWN THE DEFINITION AND THREE EXAMPLES OF EACH ONE.
Adjec Ad jective: tive:
Adverb:
GO TO THE GRAMMAR REFERENCE AND DO THE EXERCISES.
3. LOOK AT THE WORDS IN THE BOX AND WRITE THEM IN THE CORRECT COLUMN.
vast
intensely picturesque picturesque anxiously truly hot
far smartly
beautifully bea utifully dry
Adjec Ad jectives: tives:
Adverbs:
4. COMPLETE THE SENTENCES WITH THE WORDS FROM THE BOX. fun huge
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.
slowly colorful
quickly happily
tasty cool
accidentally carefully
The weather in Pachuca is __________________ most of the time.
Raul, after finishing his exam, left the classroom __________________ . The students were working with the toxic materials __________________ . The lake where you can fish trout is __________________ . The zacahuil looks so __________________ , I want to t o try it. The kids broke the window __________________ . Your Yo ur paintings are __________________ , I love the blue and pink together. together. We have to finish the project by tomorrow, so we have to work __________________ .
9.
I like that video game, it is __________________ .
10.. The time passes __________________ when you don’t like what you are 10 doing.
LESSON B
WHICH ONE IS BETTER?
1. THINK ABOUT TWO PLACES YOU HAVE BEEN TO. ANSWER THE FOLLOWING 1. QUESTIONS. 1. Which one do you like more? 2. Why? 2. READ THIS 2. T HIS BLOG POST POST..
Las Grutas de Tolantongo Tolantongo or Los Prismas Basálticos?
A lot of you have asked me which place is better Las Grutas de Tolantongo or Los Prismas Basálticos. I’ve already visited both places and I think that the two of them are wonderful; each one has its special and magical atmosphere. Las Grutas de Tolantongo is 117 km away from Pachuca and Los Prismas is 30 km away from it so, talking about distance, Las Grutas is farther from Pachuca than Los Prismas. I’ve heard that the way to Las Grutas is more picturesque than to Los Prismas; I can’t truly confirm this because every time I have gone to Las Grutas I slept while someone else was driving. The weather in Los Prismas is cooler than in Las Grutas, despite this, the day that I went to Los Prismas, I felt the nature more intensely than in Las Grutas. It was probably because there weren’t a lot of people. The attractions in both places are fantastic. In Los Prismas you could see an amazing waterfall and you can walk through the place. On the other hand, Las Grutas have also hot spring waters and caves. You You could have and incredible time. In my opinion, Las Grutas is more fun than Los Prismas. But what I recommend is that you visit both places and make your own conclusion. Just take into account that you should be more careful in Las Grutas because it is a huger place with a lot of people, and drive more slowly because the road could be dangerous.
3. ACCORDING TO THE POST, ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS.
1. What is the author doing with both places? Tolantongo is farther than Los Prismas Basálticos? 2. Why does the author say that Las Grutas de Tolantongo
What’ss the weather like in Los Prismas Basálticos compared with the weather of Las Grutas de Tolantongo? 3. What’
4. What are the recommendations of the author at the end of the post? 5. Which types of words are used to compare both places??
GO TO GRAMMAR REFERENCE.
4. IDENTIFY WHICH WORDS ARE USED TO COMPARE BOTH PLACES IN THE POST AND WRITE THEM DOWN IN THE CHART.
t i v v e e : : A d j j e ec t
A d d v ve e r rb b : :
LESSON C
THE BEST OF THE BEST
1. LISTEN TO THE CONVERSATION AND DECIDE IF THE STATEMENTS ARE TRUE OR 1. FALSE. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
Aiko’s mom likes the pictures of Hidalgo which Aiko has recently posted.
T
F
Aiko has seen many places that are more beautiful than Hidalgo.
T
F
Aiko believes El Chico is a vast national park.
T
F
Aiko has been to other magical places like El Chico.
T
F
Aiko got dizzy on the way to El Chico because of the road.
T
F
There are colder places than El Chico in Hidalgo, according to Aiko.
T
F
Aiko prefers the barbacoa people sell in Actopan.
T
F
The embroidery works that the artisans make in Tenango are very complex.
T
F
There are more expensive handcrafts than Tenangos in Hidalgo, according to Aiko.
T
F
Aiko’s mom believes Tenangos are not very attractive.
T
F
2. LISTEN TO THE CONVERSA 2. CONVERSATION TION AGAIN AND COMPLETE COMPL ETE THE ST STA ATEMENTS.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Hidalgo is __________________ the most beautiful __________________ beautiful __________________ __________________ !
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.. 10
The tastiest __________________ tastiest __________________ in Hidalgo is in a place called Actopan! Under the ground?! That’s the craziest craziest __________________ __________________ !
It has __________________ the vastest _______________ vastest _______________ ____________________. It’s the most magical __________________ magical __________________ ____________________ so far! Mario drove and he __________________ the fastest. It is the is the coldest __________________ coldest __________________ ____________________ in my opinion. opinion.
Believe me, it is the best best __________________ _____________________! Artisans there, make the most intricate __________________ works __________________ ! They are also __________________ the most expensive __________________ expensive __________________ ___________________.
3. IDENTIFY WHICH WORDS ARE USED TO COMPARE BOTH PLACES IN THE POST AND WRITE THEM DOWN IN THE CHART.
Which one do you like more? Why?
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
a. b. c. d. e. f. g. h. i. j.
She is the most beautiful That is the vastest That was the most magical They are the most fun Give me the coldest They make the tastiest That is the craziest That’s the best This is the most intricate It is the most expensive
experience I’ve ever lived. soda you find in the fridge. story I’ve ever heard. food in the state. design I’ve created so far. woman in the world. blouse in the store. desert in the African continent. movie in the world. comedians in Hollywood.
4. COMPLETE THE SENTENCES WITH THE CORRECT FORM OF THE ADJECTIVE IN PARENTHESES AND ONE OF THE PHRASES FROM THE BOX. I’ve ever had In the world
I’ve ever watched
In the solar system
In the classroom You can eat
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.
In the universe
I’ve ever met
In Mexico
In the history of aviation
In the state
Mercury is not ____________________ (hot) (hot) planet planet ____________________. The Amazon Amazon river is ____________________ ____________________ (long) (long) river river ____________________ Rosa and Angela are ____________________ (smart) students _________________. I believe that sugar is ____________________ (unhealthy) (unhealthy) thing thing ________________. Real del Monte is one of ____________________ (high) (high) points points __________________. Titanic is ____________________ (sad) (sad) movie movie ____________________. The lagoon in Meztitlán, is one of the ____________________ _________ ___________(breathtaking) (breathtaking) sights sights ____________________. That job was ____________________ (bad) ____________________ (bad) job job ____________________. The Concorde had ____________________ (loud) engines ____________________.
____________________ (old-fashion (old-fashioned) ed) girl girl ____________________. 10. Gina is ____________________
LESSON D
NOT AS DIFFICUL DIFFI CULT T
1. TALK TO A PARTNER. 1. 1. When was the last time you went on vacations? 2. What place did you go to? 3. What are similarities and differences between there and where you live? 2. READ THE FOLLOWING EMAILS. THEN ANSWER TRUE OR FALSE. 2.
FROM:
[email protected] TO:
[email protected] Hi Gary,
I hope you are ok. Guess what? I’ve just had the most fantastic vacation ever; I went camping to El Chico in Hidalgo. Maybe Maybe you have never heard of it, but it is a picturesque town in Mexico; it is actually said that many years ago English miners settled down here to work in the mines; on the other hand, its architecture is as interesting as the rest of the places in “La Comarca Minera Hidalguense”. Let me tell you that my last vacations weren’t as colorful as these ones; actually actually,, my family and I visited the Sahara Desert last year, and it isn’t as green as El Chico. To tell you the truth, some parts of the Sahara Desert are as dry as Arizona and Chihuahua. I think Parque Nacional El Chico is as vast as the forests in Pennsylvania. Any way Gary! I am also emailing you to ask for help because I have no idea how to write my essay, it isn’t as easy as it looks like. Mrs. Peterson is as demanding as my mother. mother. Can you believe it? I am extremely worried, it is due this coming Friday, Friday, and I’ve just unpacked my luggage; it isn’t as fair as it should be. Please help me, I have to write one or two pages about my trip to El Chico, I know you are as smart as Einstein was. Please, please! Cheers, Johnny
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.
Real del Monte’s architecture is as interesting as El Chico’s.
T
F
Johnny’ss vacations weren’t as incredible as the last ones. Johnny’
T
F
The place Johnny visited last year is as picturesque as El Chico.
T
F
Pennsylvania’s green areas aren’t as huge as the ones in Hidalgo.
T
F
Gary is as clever as a famous scientist from the past.
T
F
Johnny’ss teacher isn’t as careless as his mom. Johnny’
T
F
Johnny believes assignments weren’t weren’t as difficult as the current ones.
T
F
El Chico isn’t as dusty as the Sahara Desert.
T
F
3. NOW READ GARY’S ANSWER AND HELP JOHNNY WRITE HIS MICRO ESSAY. 3.
FROM:
[email protected] TO:
[email protected] Hi Johnny John ny,,
It is nice to hear from you. I hope you are as ready as I am. I wish! I am not as smart as Einstein was. It is something easy to do, you can get some information on the web, but two pages is not totally an essay; Let’s say it is a micro essay. Well, you just need to include three main elements: -Introduction, which must catch the reader’ reader’s s attention or at least make the essay sound interesting, moving from general to specific ideas. -Body,, it includes supporting paragraphs that are in chronological order, -Body order, substantial examples and evidence to back up all of the information you include. -Conclusions, to wrap all your arguments and points of view. Relax! It isn’t as difficult as you thought. Sincerely, Gary.
Introduc Introduction: tion:
Body:
Conclusions:
LESSON E
THE MOST DELICIOUS DISH
1. TALK TO A PARTNER. 1. 1. What’s What’s the most beautiful place you have ever visited in Hidalgo? 2. What’s more delicious, pastes or barbacoa, in your opinion? 3. What other place in Hidalgo is as beautiful as El Chico or Real del Monte? 2. LISTEN TO A TOURIST AND THEN DISCUSS 2. YOUR OPINION WITH YOUR PARTNERS.
1. What dishes does the man mention? What are the most delicious for him? 2. 3. In your opinion. Which dishes are as tasty as barbacoa? 4. Do you agree with the man’s point of view?
5. Why? Why not?
3. WORK IN PAIRS. THINK ABOUT ANOTHER WONDERFUL PLACE IN HIDALGO YOU 3. HAVE VISITED, COMPARE THEM. A: I have been to Huasca many times and it’s beautiful B: Well, I’ve I’ve visited Huasca too and its nice but Tula is nicer because… 4. BASED ON THE INFORMA INFORM ATION YOU SHARED WITH WIT H YOUR CLASSMATES CLASSMATES IN ACTIVITY ACTIVIT Y 3 CREATE A MICRO MI CRO PODCAST:
1. 2. 3. 4.
Write the script. Rehearse it before you record, make sure you use good grammar and fluency. Use your phone or any other electronic device to record the micro podcast. (3 minutes) Share it with your teacher.
UNIT 5 Test
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GRAMMAR 1. CHOOSE THE CORRECT WORD TO COMPLETE THE SENTENCES. 1. Last week was __________ this one. a) cooler than b) b) the the coolest c) cooler 2. El Chico is ________________ forest where I have been. a) bigger than b) b) biggest biggest
c) the biggest
3. Aiko and Rosa danced ______________ at their gala. a) beautiful
b) beautifully b) beautifully
c) the most beautifully
4. Love feels _______________ any other feeling. a) the most intensely
b) more b) more intensely tha
c) more intensely
5. Huichapan is _______________ from Pachuca than Ixmiquilpan. a) farther
b) farthest b) farthest
c) far
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VOCABULARY 2. CHOOSE THE CORRECT WORD TO COMPLETE EACH SENTENCE. 1. When I visit Huasca, I like to walk _________ to appreciate the architecture. a) incredibly a) incredibly
b) slowly b) slowly
c) quickly
2. They play ____________ in the garden because last time Sam got hurt. a) careful careful
b) carefully carefully
c) fast
3. Aiko and Rosa danced ______________ at their gala. a) beautiful beautiful
b) beautifully beautifully c) the most beautifully
4. Huichapan is a ____________ town, I love it. a) picturesque picturesque b) b) beautifully beautifully c) c) happily happily 5. My English teacher speaks __________, I can’t understand him.
/ 10
a) quick quick
b) slowly b) slowly
c) quickly c) quickly
/ 10
READING 3. READ THE TEXT AND DECIDE IF THE STATEMENTS ARE TRUE OR FALSE.
Located in Metztitlan next to the lagoon at the bottom of the ravine, the Moon Inn is the most beautiful hotel you can ind in the area, rated with more stars than all the other lodging options. One of the things that makes the Moon Inn better than the others is that it has access to it’ it’ss own reservoir where you can safely practice birdwatching and ishing, the water in the reservoir is cleaner than the running water from the faucet at home, you can even drink it! At night you can have dinner at the open-air restaurant that has the most extraordinary view of the lagoon where, during full moon nights, you can see moonlight beams beautifully bouncing from the water and producing the most dazzling light show show,, in fact, during these days of the year, the place tends to be fully booked because couples decide to get married at night under the moonlight, for this purpose, the Moon Inn offers the most sophisticated catering service and they also hire the best decorators in the state, they t hey elegantly adorn the open air restaurant with some of the most delightful lowers in the region. It is during October when most weddings take place, this is because people say that October moons are prettier than any other times of the th e year. Additionally the rooms are more comfortable than those of other hotels in Metztitlan, visitors have reported that the bathrooms are cleaner and that the beds are newer, therefore your experience at the Moon Inn will be the best, we highly recommend you visit them, you don’t even need to stay, you can just visit them and practice horseback riding or birdwatching, if you don’t know what to do next weekend, this might be one of the best options out there.
1.
The text can be part of a magazine about tourism.
T
F
2.
The Moon Inn is the number one hotel in the Metztitlan.
T
F
3.
People give negative reviews to the hotel because of the reservoir.
T
F
4.
The reservoir has no owners.
T
F
5.
People enjoy the hotel specially during spring.-
T
F
6.
You can see the moonlight relecting on the lagoon every day.
T
F
7.
More couples decide to get married at the hotel when there is a full moon.
T
F
8.
The hotel’s services for weddings are questionable.
T
F
9.
The guests hate the clean rooms and gardens.
10. People who are not guests do not have access to the facilities.
T
F
T
F
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LISTENING
4. LISTEN TO A COLLEGE STUDENT INTRODUCING HERSELF DURING THE FIRST DAY OF CLASSES; THEN, FILL IN THE GAPS WITH THE MISSING INFORMA INFORMATION. TION. Hi guys, I am Aiko and my favorite hobby is traveling. You won’t really believe me, but but (1) _____________________ _____________________ the most fantastic vacation vacation ever. ever. I
went to
Hidalgo;
(2) _____________________ (2)
,
it
is
the
most
beautiful
place
(3) _____________________ _____________________ in my whole life. It isn´t as crowded as Mexico City, but it has more attractive places to visit and have fun. People there are (4) (4) _____________________ _____________________ kind. I can’t wait to go back and be as happy as I was when I rode horses in El Chico. Well! There were more attractions, but they weren’t (5) (5) _____________________ _____________________ riding a horse, at least for me. Let me tell you that I also tried different dishes there, and they are more colorful than American ones because the Mexican cuisine contains many different natural ingredients, especially chili. Oh, I almost forgot about my trip to Tula. I stayed there for a couple of days, it isn´t (6) _____________________ _____________________ El Chico, but it has very fascinating places like Zona Arqueologica de Tula which was (7) (7) _____________________ _____________________ city of Hidalgo; of course, during prehispanic times. Now Now, you can only enjoy the breathtaking “Atlantes”, “Atlantes”, which I think are as amazing as the carved columns in Egypt. And oh my God! I tried different dishes with insects. At the beginning I didn’t ind them attractive, but when a lady wearing typical clothes approached me and gave me some toasted grasshoppers, I put them in my mouth and their lavor and crunchiness trapped me. I couldn’t believe it! Oh my God. They were (8) (8) _____________________ _____________________ anchovies. I think this is (9) (9) _____________________ _____________________ I’ve ever tried. I still feel (10) feel (10) _____________________ _____________________ happy. happy. I just want to go back, try new dishes and of course course have fun.
WRITING
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5. THINK ABOUT YOUR PREVIOUS SCHOOL COURSE, HOW IS IT DIFFERENT FROM THIS ONE? WRITE ABOUT IT, IT, USE COMPARA COMPARATIVES TIVES AND SUPERLA SUPERLATIVES TIVES (80100 ( 80100 WORDS).
SPEAKING
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6. CLOSE YOUR EYES FOR A MOMENT AND THINK ABOUT YOUR TWO FAVORITE PLACES FOR VACATIONS. • Picture in your mind all the details of each place. • Think about the people, the food, the buildings, your experience and everything that made your vacations memorable.
NOW, EXPLAIN THE SIMILARITIES AND DIFFERENCES AS WELL AS THE MOST OUTSTANDING THINGS OF EACH PLACE. PLACE.
TOTAL SCORE: _____ / 50
UNIT 6
Let’s Go Camping!
SCHOOL SUPPLIES
LESSON A
1. DISCUSS THE FOLLO 1. FOLLOWING WING QUESTIONS. 1. 2. 3.
What do you know about camping? Have you ever gone camping? no
nothing
What places do you know for camping in Hidalgo? mineral del chico, huasca, mineral del monte
2. USE THE CORRECT WORD FROM THE BOX TO COMPLETE THE STATEMENTS. 2. tent
sleeping bag
backpack
1.
penknife
hiking boots
thermos bottle
flashlight
matches
compass ax
Campers always use it when they go outdoors to prevent wind, blizzards, and hiking boots rain ______________________ .
2.
This is a tool for campsites, people can use it for different activities such as penknife opening cans, cut ropes, etc. ______________________ .
3. 4.
sleeping bag It is used for covering a person, especially especially at night ______________________ .
These are made of small wooden sticks and can be a tool for starting a fire. matches ______________________ .
ax 5. It is an extremely extremely good tool tool for cutting wood. wood. ______________________ tent 6. _____________________ is a portable shelter with canvas structures structures and metal poles. compass 7. ______________________ helps you to find find the north, south, west and east. thermos bottle 8. ______________________ preserves temperature temperature of hot or cold drinks. drinks. 9. This tool is essential and it provides light at the darkness for hiking at night. backpack 10. I love my_________________________, I can put all the necessary things for traveling.
3. USE THE VOCABULARY FROM EXERCISE 2 TO FILL THE GAPS, THEN ACT OUT THE 3. CONVERSATION WITH A FRIEND.
Xóchitl: Pedro:
Hi, Pedro. Are you ready to go to the Cedral? matches I am almost done, now I’m looking for the _____________________ , remember the last time we couldn’t
start the fire.
Xóchitl:
sleeping bag You’re You ’re right, let me get my checklist. The most important thing for camping is the _____________________
Pedro:
, we need a top-quality one for covering from the weather. tent I have already gotten two of them, but I can’t find the _____________________ , I guess that we have to sleep on the groundsheets. That's That's the only choice!
Xóchitl:
flashlight Are you crazy? well, as far as you bring plenty of food I’ll be ok. By the way I have _____________________ .
I won't forget that Jesus didn't get a wink because he was afraid of the dark.
Pedro:
penknife Hahaha! Unforgettable, that's why I keep a _____________________ , just in case we are in danger danger,, but you boots have to keep your mouth zipped, we don’t want to scare anyone. hiking _____________________ .
Xóchitl:
compass Another useful tool for camping is _____________________ . Do you remember what happened to Jesus last
camping?
Pedro: Xóchitl:
Mmmm, no. Spill the beans! Well, He offered offered to pick up some logs for the campfire, and he just went by without noticing he lost the path. We were looking for him, fortunately, he was found eating the traditional pastes with his thermos bottle _____________________ full of coffee. coffee.
4. READ THE DESCRIPTION ABOUT ANA’S FAVORITE CAMPING PLACE. 4.
I have never been camping before, it was a really pleasant experience. A few weeks ago my friends and I took a camping adventure to Acaxochitlán, in Hidalgo, which is located near Mexico City, we drove to Tulancingo and then took the Huachinango highway Tulancingo highway.. Once we were there, we had the chance to stand the camping tents and took a glance to know all the th e activities we could do there. Miguel found a stream where there were a lot of fish. Maria found a place where people could pick up some blueberries and strawberries at a low cost. Local people at this place sold their handmade products such as jewelry, leather bags, wool hats, and jackets. You could also find a place where you can take showers with hot water,, due to the cold and windy weather water weather..
5. WRITE A SHORT PARAGRAPH PARAGRAPH ABOUT A CAMPING SITE IN HIDALGO. HIDALGO. (100 - 120 5. WORDS) 1.
What is the nearest campsite to your hometown called?
2. 3.
What is the weather like there? What are the different outdoor activities?
4.
What Kind of food, can you buy or cook there?
RV camping
B ac kpac k c ampinin g g LESSON B
HIKING
1. READ AND COMMENT. 1. 1.
Are you able to walk long distances?
2.
What do you think about hiking? Do you like it? Why?
2. LISTEN TO ALFONSO’S STORY AND COMPLETE THE GAPS.
dalgo, id H i n in i n w o to t y r ve d around e id a k i s a _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ because I t t _ _ _ _ o l _ _ _ _ _ _ a _ _ _ _ g _ _ _ _ n _ _ in i _ _ n _ in __ pla i for _ _ took me fo ember com m to pla y e r I ed to M y dad to ! te t n m a e w w h th t t t s d u ju j e s y y is i l obab ime I desp he t im ood th er, and I pr t and a t _ fas t t as m y y fa fa t th h _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ th tha t t th the y y we were g l i _ _ __ walk as fa _ _ _ _ _ w __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ __ __ _ _ ife _ _ _ _ __ _ _ __ _ _ __ _ _ __ I _ _ _ _ f m y fe _ _ , t, t __ _ _ h t o f t __ r g _ _ ig i a s p d e n in i h m o n c I e . b e to it to t t hom for i s a t wa y fo the w th d e deo game id v v i a p t t a h t perhaps th ences and ie e xper i the sense no w. I lo ve th _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ __ _ _ ke, _ _ ik tude, l i tu to h i so i e to e v v o a l h I o y to t h e w w c ic s ’s n i t ’s ure. I t tu an y reason in na t in e n o l a _ be alone _ _ _ e There are m _ _ r _ _ a _ _ _ _ u _ _ _ _ o _ _ y y _ _ _ _ n _ _ _ _ e _ _ _ __ wh _ _ __ t w fe, I _ _ l i fe you ge t f m y i o f t t r ngs and a in freedom y p f fr th i th a o f n s o a t t g c e n l in i fl f k ik i e r h _ and ta taken _ _ __ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ __ _ _ __ _ _ the __ _ _ _ _ _ nce I ha ve _ _ in for th _ _ _ _ _ _ _ l th y fo o and s i to t a th e e h m im i y t t r e e v v v a s 's ' h t t i nk i in th i tss and for though t t places. I th in th n t e r e 's good fo fe f deep in it 's f f i , i t d y y l l o to t a t t n p o io i a t t i d d a _ _ _ __ _ _ __ _ _ __ isse. Ad i _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ your _ _ __ _ _ ess and no for y n in i s also _ _ u b good fo s m is i o _ _ r _ _ fr f _ _ _ _ k _ _ a _ _ _ _ e _ _ r _ _ _ __ t b _ _ _ _ __ _ _ tha t __ _ _ _ _ the _ _ th o ha ve th to t m i in nd w i th thou t t sa y i in ng th tha t t goes w I t " ngs. " u l your bod y. r u o y y r o fo f d o o g is irr is the a i legs and th
“
3. STUDY THE INFORMATION IN THE CHART AND THEN MATCH THE STATEMENTS TO 3. WHAT THEY EXPRESS. Can Present/Future
Could Past
Be able to ability You can use “be able to” to talk
Use can to talk about things you are able to do perfectly.
I can speak four languages.
Use could when you express abilities in the past.
about abilities. Be should be
I could use a computer when I
I won’t be able to do hiking when I
was little.
get old.
changed according to the tense.
a. b. c.
I couldn’t walk as fast as my father. I am able to be alone deep in thoughts. th oughts.
1. 2.
Expresses ability in present and future.
d. e. f.
I can read and write Chinese. I am able to finish this course with good grades
3.
Expresses ability in the present.
I can adapt myself to differ different ent places
I could play base baseball.
Expresses ability in the past.
GO TO THE GRAMMAR REFERENCE AND DO THE EXERCISES.
4. FILL THE GAPS BY USING CAN, COULD OR BE ABLE TO AND THE WORDS FROM THE 4. BOX. walk
reduce
think
go
improve
relieve
1.
When I was younger, my father ________ ________ long distances.
2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.
You ________ ________ stress or anxiety when you go hiking. You My sister ________ ________ her health by hiking.
enjoy
drink
Martin won't ________ ________ hiking in tough weather conditions You Yo u ________ ________ clearly after taking a long walk. People who go hiking ________ ________ insomnia. I ________ ________ time at parties due to stress, but now after hiking I feel much better.
5. READ THIS ARTICLE ABOUT THE BENEFITS OF HIKING. DO NOT PAY ATTENTION TO 5. THE GAPS. There's a truckload of research out there telling us that hiking is good for us. You can / will be able to ____________________ be the master of exercising, there's there's nothing like a brisk climb to get your heart rate up. Check out this information. Physically,
the
benefits
are
numerous.
You
could
/
can __________________ reduce risk of heart disease, lower blood
pressure, cholesterol cholesterol and help to prevent type II diabetes. Hiking makes you strong. And it doesn't just work your legs. I bet that
before
hiking
you
couldn’t
/
can’t___ __________________clambering over uneven surfaces and
navigating your way around rocks. After practicing hiking for a few weeks you will be able to / can’t __________________ walk even in fallen trees or tree roots! When you find yourself caught up in the race, going for a hike is a chance to reflect. The time you have during hiking lets you concentrate on the positive things that happen to you, as well as you can / could __________________recharge and reconnect with yourself. Hiking alone can be a spiritual experience, but hiking with friends is able to / can __________________ bring you closer together and
create lasting memories.
6. READ THE ARTICLE AGAIN. FOR EACH GAP, CHOOSE THE BEST OPTION. 6.
LESSON C
RIDING A HOT AIR BALLOON
1. READ THE PASSAGE BELOW AND DECIDE IF EACH STA 1. STATEMENT IS I S TRUE (T) (T ) OR FALSE (F)
Flyly like Superman! F Have you ever imagined how it feels when fresh air is in your face? Or to see the beauty of nature from the top? You can do it in a hot air balloon ride. Hot air ballooning is the activity of flying in a basket hanging over over a hot air balloon. Attractive aspects aspects of ballooning include the exceptional quiet, the lack of a feeling of movement, and the bird's-eye view. view. Since the balloon moves with the direction of the winds, the passengers feel absolutely no wind, except for brief periods during the flight when the balloon climbs or descends into air currents of different directions or speeds. Hot air ballooning has been recognized by the World Aeronautical Federation (WAF) (WA F) as the safest air sport in aviation, and fatalities in hot air balloon accidents are rare, according to statistics from the National Transportation Safety. Safety. Nevertheless, you must follow some rules such as: 1. You have to respect the limit of passengers allowed in the ride. Acatlán has drawn new attention to the hazards of ballooning. Four years ago, 11 people were injured and 2 were killed when their hot air balloon basket struck in line and caught fire. Unfortunately, balloon accidents are as rare as people might think. 2. The pilot must check the weather and select a suitable take-off point. The current and forecast weather must have sufficient visibility for the pilot to see and avoid obstructions, and sufficiently slow winds to allow take-off and landing. 3. Children 3. Children aged under twelve have to be accompanied by their parents all the tour tour.. 4. You mustn't take a ride if you’re in pregnancy due to medical conditions. Pilots must not carry passengers who have participated in scuba dive the day before. There are many regular gatherings of balloons and balloonists in Hidalgo around the year. Some of those famous places are Huasca de Ocampo, Tulancingo, Tulancingo, Acatlán, Actopan, etc. Most of these events are held on an annual basis. The festivities provide both a place for balloonists to interact as well as a venue for entertaining spectators. You must try this activity at least once in a lifetime.
T 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
You can feel motion sickness when you are up in the air. Nowadays,, there are fewer hot air balloon accidents. Nowadays In the accident referred referred by the text, only two people were injured. injured. Balloon flights are successful during blazing weather. There is no age limit for anybody. Whole city view and wine service are things that you can have during the ride.
F
7. 8.
Pregnant women are not allowed to take the trip. This activity is common mostly at the southern part of Hidalgo.
2. LOOK AT THE PHOTOGRAPHS AND ANSWER THE QUESTIONS BELOW. USE THE 2. WORDS AND PHRASES IN THE BOXES TO ANSWER.
1.
What do people find appealing about these the se types of outdoor activities in Hidalgo?
2.
Which outdoor activity in Hidalgo would you prefer to go on?
3.
Why?
Exhilarating
All-inclusive
Adrenaline- feel
Challenging
Tranquil
Low-cost
Popular getaway
Beautiful scenery
Breathtaking
3. 3. THE AMAZING HIDALGO MAGAZINE ASKED PEOPLE TO WRITE ARTICLES ABOUT THEIR FAVORITE PLACE TO RELAX. YOU WANT TO SEND AN ARTICLE. IT MUST RESPOND THE QUESTIONS BELOW.
THE AMAZING HIDALGO
magazine
• Where’s your favorite place to relax? • When do you go there? • What’s so special about it? • What do you do there?
You have to use vivid language to make your article interesting (140 – 190 words)
TIME TO BE FEARLESS!
LESSON D
1. YOU WILL HEAR A ROCK CLIMBER COACH CALLED PEDRO HERNANDEZ, FROM PEÑAS CARGADAS HERE IN HIDALGO. LISTEN AND COMPLETE THE IDEAS.
1.
Pedro Hernández says that __________________ is essential if you want to live long and prosper.
2.
Pedro
Hernández
mentioned
that
climbing
safety
is
your
__________________ .
3.
Pedro Hernández explains explains each kind of rock has its own __________________ of climbing.
4.
For Pedro Hernández, knowing how to __________________ is one of the most important techniques.
5.
Pedro Hernández mentioned the climbing legend Alex Lowe because he is the __________________ .
6.
According to Alex, "The best climber is the one having __________________
7.
fun”. Pedro Hernández says it’s it’s about the enjoyment of the __________________ _______________ ___ , adventure, and partnership.
8.
Pedro Hernández mentioned some types of rocks such as granite, sandstone, limestone, __________________ among others.
2. USE HAVE TO AND MUST TO COMPLETE THE SENTENCES BELOW. 2.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
You ____________ learn the basic rope skills.
Glasses ____________ be used before star climbing. You ____________ wear casual and comfortable clothes. Participants ____________ be in good health. You ____________ make sure your climbing rope is long enough to reach the anchors and lower back down.
6. 7.
You ____________ take the leader off belay. You ____________ make sure that the rope is over your leg rather than between them.
8.
You ____________ bring extra equipment, you don’t know when it will be needed.
GO TO THE GRAMMAR REFERENCE AND DO THE EXERCISES.
3. READ THE TEXT ABOUT AN ACCIDENT IN ROCK CLIMBING. THEN ANSWER THE 3. QUESTIONS BELOW. "I might have been dead already," Alex Leon, a 31-year-old Mexican climber wrote on April 1st in a blog post titled “Stepping Back From the Edge” in which he describes the accident that changed his life and took away his adventure partner Tiny Ferreira. Ferreira. Everything happened due to breaking the rules and not following the laws. The accident happened on March 23rd. He and his one and only went on rock climbing by taking all the necessary tools, but once there she decided to level up and do it without a helmet and also without checking the weather, which is something you have to do before climbing in order not to get tricked by the rocks. Everything went great until suddenly Tiny slipped over, Alex tried to keep the balance but the rock fell apart from the mountain (due to the previous night tough weather conditions) making both of them fall. Fortunately, Fortunately, he was able to get trapped on the rope, his friend hit her head, making her unable to catch the rope and passed away immediately. Through this terrible experience, he has learned that he must follow the rules as simple as they can be. He inished his blog article with these words "Despite your long experience in rock climbing, you mustn't go climbing without a helmet. That can make a difference between life or death".
1.
What happened to Alex Leon?
2.
According to the text who was Alex’s “one and only”?
3.
Why is it important to t o check the forecast before before going climbing?
4.
Which aspect could prevent Tiny’s tragedy?
5.
Mention two things that people have to follow to avoid this kind of accident.
4. WRITE A SHORT PARAGRAPH (100120 WORDS) ABOUT ROCK CLIMBING IN 4. HIDALGO: Where can practice it? • What clothes to wear? • What must and what do you you have to do while climbing? climbing?
LESSON E
I LOVE WATER!
1. MATCH THE COLUMNS. THEN, LISTEN AND CHECK YOUR ANSWERS. 1.
1.
A rotatory device attached to a ishing rod at the butt, for winding up or letting out the line.
2.
A life preserver in the shape of a ring
3.
They are small, tube-shaped invertebrate invertebrate with no arms or legs legs
4.
A device, made of fabric or rope stitched together, used to catch things
5.
A piece of metal or other material, curved or bent back at an angle, for catching hold of or hanging things on.
6.
A sleeveless buoyant or inlatable jacket for keeping a person aloat in water.
7.
A box designed for ishing equipment
8.
It is used to bait or entice ish to attach themselves to your hook
9.
A long pole made of wood, plastic, etc. with a line attached to it and a hook at the end of the line, used for catching ish
a. b. c. d. e. f. g. h. i.
Hook Life jacket Fishing rod Worms Tackle box Lure Net Reel Lifebuoy ring
2. LISTEN TO THE AD AND COMPLETE THE TEXT. 2.
Places for going fishing fishing in Hidalgo There is a small town called El Arenal, near Actopan, Hidalgo where you can ind a dam with clear water that just falls down from Fray Francisco _____________________ . You will be able to appreciate _____________________ and a wonderful _____________________ from Parque Nacional El Chico. But if you are looking for a warmer place, you should visit Agua Blanca _____________________ in Agua Blanca de Iturbide, Hidalgo, which has a _____________________ weather weather.. It’s also the favorite for ishing experts and you can ind bass, trout and carp ish The ideal place for for recreational _____________________ is El Zembo, Zembo, a _____________________ located in the Magical Town of Huasca de Ocampo. The water it supplies is crystal and _____________________ from the mountains. It is one of the few places where you can enjoy a ______________________________ during the day and enjoy a cozy atmosphere and getting close contact with nature. _____________________ El Cedral recreational park park you can enjoy the spectacular El Cedral dam, in Mineral del Chico, Hidalgo. It is considered one of the _____________________ parks in Mexico, visited by tourists and _____________________ for the impressive forest with _____________________ , pines and oyamels. You You ought to spend all the weekend because currently, it offers plenty of activities, such as hiking, mountain cycling, camping, _____________________ , and the principal attraction, ishing. Do not wait any more and look look for a new hobby hobby such as ishing
3. READ THE TEXT IN EXERCISE 1 AND ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS. 1. 2. 3.
What is ishers’ favorite place?
4. 5. 6.
Where is El Zembo, and why is it important? Which park is considered the oldest one?
What's the weather like there? What kind of ish can you ind there?
What kind of activities are offered there?
7. 8.
Do you consider ishing exciting? Why? Do you know a place where you can go ishing? what is it called?
4. COMPLETE THE ADVICE STATEMENTS ABOUT FISHING. LOOK AT THE GRAMMAR 4. REFERENCE IF NECESSARY.
1.
A spinning reel and rod combo _____________________ be the best bet for a beginner.. They are easier to set up. beginner
2.
You _____________________ buy live worms or Power Bait which is a scented putty-like material that you form around a bare hook.
3.
You _____________________ need some bobbers, when something hits your lure, it indicates you have a ish on.
4.
Your ishing needs _____________________ continue to expand as you gain more experience.
5.
A book of common ishing knots _____________________ a good resource to have on hand.
6.
You _____________________ know the most important knot in ishing which is the improved improved clinch knot. Once you’ve you’ve nailed it. You You are ready to go ishing!
7.
In lakes, ish usually hang out around weeds, so you _____________________ know how to "read waters" to ind hiding ish.
8.
While it can be intimidating at irst, ishing _____________________ be one of the simple’s outdoor hobbies to pick up in Hidalgo
5. WORK IN PAIRS TO MAKE A CONVERSATION: 5.
• Student A wants to start practicing an outdoor activity, but she/he does not know-how kn ow-how.. • Student B gives him/ her advice about it. Use should, shouldn’t and ought to.
UNIT 6 Test
/ 5
GRAMMAR 1. READ THE SENTENCE AND COMPLETE WITH THE CORRECT MODAL VERB. 1. You __________ wear that footwear if you work here- it’s against the rules! 2. Jackie _________ perform different things in the talent show. 3. Leonardo looks tired. He ____________ work so hard! 4. Help! Help! I __________ swim! 5. Sandra ___________ go to Peñas Cargadas next weekend. She is on holiday and she loves camping.
/ 5
VOCABULARY 2. COMPLETE THE SENTENCES WITH THE WORDS BELOW.
backpack
tent
ax
compass
matches
sleeping bag
lashlight
1. There was no light at the back of the house, so I had a ____________ to check everything was OK. n ew _________ yesterday for chopping woods. 2. My colleague for camping got a new 3. He always carries a ____________ when he walks in the woods, so he never gets lost. t o carry your camping stuff. stuff. 4. A good ___________ is an essential thing to 5. When I came to Mexico City, I gave away my ____________ as a shelter for homeless people.
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READING 3. READ AND ANSWER THE STATEMENTS WITH TRUE (T) OR FALSE (F).
Hot springs in Santa Maria Ama Amajac. jac. In a small town called Atotonilco El Grande in Hidalgo State, there is a place called Santa Maria Amajac. It is well known for its hot springs. It is open 365 days a year, more than a million gallons of water low in and out every day.. People visit this hot spring park to get some relaxation and as well as to have fun. day The place has many services. You will be able to do camping since there is a speciic area for it; the cost is not really as expensive as it is thought. If you are a passionate swimmer, swimmer, the ive swimming pools, four pool decks, and three toboggans are ideal for you! Everything is surrounded by hot springs. There is also a zip line over the lap pool. In addition to the pools, the park has its fabulous SPA, restaurant, cafeteria. It has 225 hotel rooms available if you want to have a long week stay,, the only problem, is that reservations by telephone are not available, they only take in-person reservations. stay If you love shopping, a shopping area with arts and crafts c rafts from Hidalgo can be found, but it is not all, the park has a convention center and a place for 300 people too. The place states certain rules for all the security and preservation of the park, you know the “No swimming for for 30 minutes after eating” rule, and for SANTA MARIA AMAJAC, the rules are quite similar. However, you must be careful, because of the hot springs you can feel dizzy, so if you eat a big meal then go to the hot springs, maybe you could feel sick afterward. Just keep in mind when you decide to go.
1. Santa Maria Amajac is a small city. ____________
2. Santa Maria Amajac is well known for its hot spring waters. ____________ 3. This place doesn’t have many services because it is a small town. ____________ 4. Reservations for one of the 225 rooms can be made by telephone. ____________ 5. It is open 365 days a year. ____________
4. READ AGAIN AND CHOOSE THE BEST ANSWER A, B OR C. 6.
Where is Santa Maria Amajac? A majac? a. In a. In Zimapán
7.
b. In b. In Atotonilco El Grande
c. Mineral c. Mineral del chico
Why do people visit Santa Maria Amajac? a. To a. To be Relax and have fun
b. To b. To Work and have fun
8.
How many people can it in the convention center?
9.
a. 225 a. 225 b. 300 b. 300 c. 365 c. 365 What is the main rule for the Hot Springs Park? a. Not a. Not eating after swimming
b. No b. No swimming after eating
c. doesn’t c. doesn’t say
c. No c. No calling for swimming
10. How many zip lines does the park have? a. none a. none
b. twenty-one b. twenty-one
c. one
LISTENING
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5. LISTEN TO A TALK ABOUT SAFETY ON CAMPING AND COMPLETE THE SENTENCES WITH A WORD. 1.
Making campires have caused lots of _________, due to the incorrect way of doing it.
2.
Ashes are a major problem, which is the way ire in the _______ starts.
3.
You _____ spill some water on the campire, then mix ashes and embers with soil.
4. 5.
You should ________ check the place where you are going to light a campire. A good way to start a campire is making a _______ with rocks.
6.
You must _______ the embers after they are covered with water.
7.
You should always _____ the coals, embers, embers, and any partiallypartially- burned wood. wood.
8.
Everything including the rock ire ring should feel _______ to the touch.
9.
When you think you are done, you should wait for a __________ _ _________ and add more water.
10. Tak Take e the time to __________ put out the campire, in order prevent a wildire.
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WRITING 6. THIS IS A MESSAGE YOU RECEIVE FROM A FRIEND...
Hi, guess what? I have to give a presentation to my English class about “magic towns in hidalgo” which town should i choose? What information could i include? Please, help!
...NOW, WRITE A MESSAGE ANSWERING YOUR FRIEND’S QUESTIONS. WRITE BETWEEN 60 AND 80 WORDS.
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SPEAKING 7. READ THE SOCIAL SITUATION AND TALK TO A PARTNER.
You’re planning a walking trip to the mountains with friends, you can carry just 7 things with you to spend a night there, think well about the 7 things you are going to take, maybe you can solve some problems with it. Use the pictures to help you. For example:
We might get get lost, so we should bring a compass to find the right direction.
TOTAL SCORE: _____ / 50
UNIT 7
LESSON A
LET’S GET TOGETHER.
1. MATCH THE PICTURES TO THE WORDS.
1. have fun 2. gather 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.
crew meet have a party an important meeting a reunion get together
Catching up!
2. WRITE THE CORRECT WORDS FROM THE VOCABULARY SECTION ON THE LINES. 1. You You need to ___________________ Pablo, the party is awesome! Dance or do something! 2. A: Why are you running Thelma? B: I have _______________________ at two o’clock o’clock and it’s late already!
3. Did you hear that? Alma is _______________________ tonight t onight and everyone is coming! Are you? 4. My friends from high school are having a _____________________ after 20 years. Can you believe it? 5. Hey! Why don’t we just ____________________ and igure it out. I think the cafeteria is a good place. 6. That song was improvised, which, I ________________ was a good idea for the singing contest. 7. His company is working with a ______________ of more than 100 people. 8. If you don’t know where to go, let’s _____________ at the coffee shop on the corner and we all decide it. 3. WORK IN PAIRS. LOOK AT THE PICTURES AND DESCRIBE WHAT THE PEOPLE ARE DOING.
4. WORK IN GROUPS OF THREE PEOPLE. DESCRIBE THE LAST TIME YOU HAD A
REUNION WITH YOUR FRIENDS OR A MEETING AT WORK WORK OR SCHOOL. TELL THE TIME WHEN THAT HAPPENED AND THE PLACE WHERE IT TOOK PLACE. USE THE VOCABULARY YOU HAVE LEARNED.
LESSON B
A HANDY MAN MIGHT HELP YOU!
1. LISTEN TO THE CONVERSATION GREGORIO AND THOMAS ARE HAVING. CAN YOU TELL WHAT PROBLEM GREGORIO IS HAVING?
2. LISTEN TO THE CONVERSATION AGAIN. PAY ATTENTION TO THE SENTENCES WHERE GREGORIO AND THOMAS USED THE WORDS MIGHT / MAY / COULD / SHOULD / CAN AND TRY TO GUESS WHAT THEY USED THEM FOR. 3. WRITE THOSE SENTENCES YOU FOUND AND SEPARATE THEM ON THIS TABLE.
AFFIRMATIVE
NEGATIVE
4. COMPLETE THE SENTENCES USING THE CORRECT WORDS.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.
I don’t know Fatima but the wedding party ______________ be on the beach. The weather is great! I think I ______________ go for some fresh air outside. This place is so crowded and I don’t feel good. Rene ______________ come today, he’s he’s taking care of his little brother tonight. We haven’t haven’t decided yet, but they t hey ______________ go to the concert. Rita ____________ go with us today, she is very sick. I ______________ be able to go with you. Just wait, I almost inish! Sheila ______________tell you how to get to Leonardo Leonardo’’s house, she lives around!
PRONUNCIATION
LESSON C
1. LISTEN TO THE SOUND AND THE WORDS. CAN YOU HEAR THE SPECIFIC SOUND FOR EACH WORD? NOW LISTEN AGAIN AND REPEAT.
1. RIGHT
2. WOULD
3. PA PAY Y
2. PRONOUNCE THE WORDS CORRECTLY. FIND MORE WORDS WITH THOSE SOUNDS AND MAKE A LIST.
may
/ei/ / ei/
Stay / always / today / …
Could
/ d/
Should / would / could …
Might
/ai/
Flight / light / ight …
3. WORK IN PAIRS SAYING THESE WORDS. PAY CLOSE ATTENTION TO THE SOUND YOUR CLASSMATE MAKES.
LESSON D
APOLOGIES
1. LISTEN TO THE CONVERSATIONS. UNDERLINE THE PHRASES THEY USE TO EXPRESS APOLOGIES OR TO RESPOND TO THEM. Conversation 1 A: B: A:
So, what are you doing this weekend? Well, if I get better I might go to Alfredo’ Alfredo’s s birthday party, but I feel terrible. I’m so sorry Don’t worry if you can’t go. I will tell them you’re not OK.
Conversation 2 A: B: A:
Ricardo might help you decorate the house this afternoon He’s He’ s not able to t o help me. He is out of town! Oh! Really? That’s a shame! I mean it’s hard to hear that.
Conversation 3 A: B: A:
I’m really sorry! I can’t meet you at that restaurant. My ex-girlfriend works there. Don’t be sorry! We can ind another place where we can meet. Yeah! Thanks. That sounds better.
2. WORK IN PAIRS. STUDENT A AND STUDENT B, HAVE A SHORT CONVERSATION. PRACTICE SAYING SOME PHRASES TO APOLOGIZE. THEN SWITCH ROLES. So, what are you doing this weekend?
B: A: B:
Well, I might go to a party at Dylan’ Dyla n’s. s. Do you want to t o come? _________________ _____ but I have to watch my little brothers. ______________________ brothers. My parents aren’t aren’t home. ______________________ _________________ _____ there may be another chance to have have fun.
3. MAKE A LIST OF THE PHRASES THEY USED TO APOLOGIZE AND THE RESPONSES TO THEM. APOLOGIES
RESPONSES
LESSON E
READING
1. QUICKLY READ THIS ARTICLE IGNORING ANY WORDS YOU DON’T KNOW. THEN READ THE SENTENCES AND CHOOSE TRUE (T) ( T) OR FALSE (F). 1. 2.
A housewarming party is traditionally held to say goodbye to a neighbor who is leaving the place. (T)
3.
This kind of party is common just in North American countries. (T)
In some places giving some wood was considered a gift. (T)
(F) (F)
A house-warming party is a party traditionally held soon after moving into a new residence. It is an occasion for the hosts to present their new home to their friends, post-moving, and for friends to give gifts to furnish the new home. House-warming parties are generally informal. The term "housewarming" is descended literally from the act of warming a new house, in the days before central heating. Each guest would bring irewood, and build ires in all the available ireplaces, offering irewood as a gift. Aside from warming the house, this was also believed to repel evil spirits by creating a protective atmosphere of warmth. Uninhabited houses were considered targets for vagrant spirits, and therefore used to require a certain level of cleansing before a house was safe to be occupied by young children. The origin is from the medieval me dieval times.
In India, this ceremony is known as "Griha Pravesh" literally meaning "entering new house" (for the irst time). In some places, they allow a cow to be the irst to enter the house, as the irst part of the ceremony. In New Zealand, the United Kingdom, and other Commonwealth countries, a housewarming party may also be known as a lat-warming party, usually in a shared living situation situat ion involving lat mates. The traditional Thai housewarming is a Buddhist ritual in which monks, family, friends, and food all play important roles.
In the Southern United States, an old-fashioned type of party, known as a "Food Pounder", is popular. Traditionally, each guest would bring the new homeowners a pound of food such as cheese, cornmeal, lour, sugar, or any other staple st aple food needed to stock the new home's pantry. pantry. In modern times the tradition has been extended to canned goods and even fresh foods, but the hosts are still most likely to receive the basic foodstuffs needed to set up a kitchen.
In Russia and former USSR countries, it is believed that a cat should be allowed to enter the new
(F)
house irst; this is said to bring home and family luck.
2. ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS. CHOOSE THE CORRECT OPTION.
1. a) b) c)
The word “hosts” in line two means…
2. a) b) c)
The expression “warming a new house” in line 4 means…
3. a) b) c)
The main purpose of a housewarming party is to repeal evil spirits.
4. a) b) c)
The word “guest” in line 17 means…
5. a) b) c)
In a house warming party the owner of the house:
6. a) b) c)
This custom originated:
7. a) b) c)
The text mentions fresh food as an example of:
The people who goes to a party. The people who has a party. The people who is invited to a party.
Making the house more comfortable. Heating up the house using wood in a ire place. Making an atmosphere of warmth.
True False It doesn’t say
The people who goes to a party. The people who has a party. The people who is invited to a party.
Receives presents Gives presents Gives and receives presents.
In recent times Around 600- 700 hundred years ago. In Europe
Food that is not included in House Warming parties. Food that has recently been included in House warming parties. Food that was included in house warming parties part ies in its origins but not now.
3. WRITE A SHORT DESCRIPTION ABOUT THE THINGS PEOPLE DO IN OUR COUNTRY TO WELCOME A NEW NEIGHBOR.
UNIT 7 Test
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GRAMMAR 1. COMPLETE THE SENTENCES WITH THE CORRECT MODAL VERB.
1. I'm sure he is in there - I can see his car in front of the building. He ____________ be there. I can see his car in front of the building. 2. They're coming this week but I don't know which day. They ____________ come tomorrow. tomorrow. 3. I'm not sure I'm going to pass the exam. I don't feel very conident. I ____________ pass the exam. I don't feel very conident. There's a chance I'll become a millionaire! 4. I've bought a lottery ticket. There's I ____________ become a millionaire! 5. My key's not in my pocket or on my desk so I'm sure it's in the drawer. My key's not in my pocket or on my desk so it ____________ be in the drawer. drawer.
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VOCABULARY 2. COMPLETE THE SENTENCES WITH A WORD FROM THE BOX.
get-together
meet
crew
meeting
match
1. Is it possible for you to ____________ us at the new pizza place in front of the supermarket? O’clock! 2. Hey Pablo! It is 09: 45 aren’t you going to the ____________? It was scheduled at 10:00 O’clock!
th ink that s going to be interesting. 3. My friends and I are having a ____________ party after almost 10 years. I think 4. If you want to inish that puzzle you need to ____________ all the pieces so you can see what it is. day. 5. I have heard the __________ of that company has a good environment every day.
READING 3. READ THE FOLLOWING TEXT, THEN ANSWER THE QUESTIONS.
It is held 1st and 2ndcountry’s all around the country, Mexico’ Mexico’s s ‘Day ‘Day of the Dead’onisNovember definitely one of the most unusual and interesting festivals that celebrates the reunion of relatives with their dearly departed at home or sometimes people gather around the graves in the cemetery. During the festival in most villages or some cities altars are built and then carved with food and decorated with candles, buckets of flowers flowers,, peanuts, plates of turkey mole or any other food or drink the dead relative liked the most. Colorful costumes, loads of festive food and drink, often in the shapes of skulls, skeleton figures and yellow marigolds, cigars, skeletons on stilts, parties in cemeteries, skull-shaped candies and mariachi bands, performing next to graves are all part of the festivities to show the totality of both life and death. The origin of the t he festival comes from the belief that spirits of dead pay a visit to their families between October 21 and November 2. The Day of Dead is not scary, rather it’s a day to celebrate the dead and enjoy their memories. The festival is best celebrated at two very special places in Mexico Mexico,, including San Andrés Míxquic, a small town in Mexico City, and in Janitzio, a charming little island in a lake in Michoacan state. So, if you are thinking about experiencing a very special festival in a different country do not think about it twice, just go to Mexico and enjoy this unique and rare, but very interesting festival.
1.
This text is most likely part of: a) a a) a magazine b) a scientiic journal c) a c) a newspaper
2. The best title for this text is…
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a) An interesting celebration in Mexico b) The festival tradition from Mexico c) Mexico’s most weird celebration
3. The word “held” in line 1 paragraph 1 means… a) it is contained b) it is kept or detained c) it is celebrated 4. The main idea in paragraph 2 is… a) it is a list of the things people need to have for the celebration. b) it b) it is a description of the things people do in one of the two days c) it is a short idea of the things people do or have to celebrate the visit 5. When they say the phrase “pay a visit” in line 1 paragraph 3they meant… a) it means the amount of money they have to pay to be present those two days b) it b) it means they just go to t o see their relatives those two days c) it means they get a visit from relatives at the cemetery cemetery.. 6. The word “rather” in line 3 paragraph 3 expresses… a) the same of the previous idea b) the antonym of the previous word b) the c) the contrast of the previous idea 7.
The aim of this text is mainly… a) to mention what places you have to visit in novemb november er b) the b) the traditions t raditions Mexicans do in november c) to describe what Mexicans do in Novemb November er 1st and 2nd
8. The word “it” in paragraph 3 line 2 refers to… a) The festival b) The b) The day of dead c) November 9. The idea of paragraph to is similar to… a) “The day of dead is celebrated only in two places” b) “In b) “In some places in Mexico, the day of dead is not celebrated” c) “In two places in Mexico, the day of the dead is celebrated in a special way.” Mexico o and enjoy one of its best traditions. 10. The last paragraph is trying to … the reader to visit Mexic a) encourage b) inform b) inform c) persuade
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LISTENING
4. LISTEN TO TWO FRIENDS TALKING ABOUT A GETTOGETHER PARTY THEY ARE GOING TO HAVE. HAVE. ANSWER (T) ( T) FOR TRUE, (F) ( F) FOR FALSE FALSE OR (DS) ( DS) FOR DOESN’T SAY SAY.
T 1.
It’s been so long since they saw each other.
2.
Luis is studying and working in a different country.
3.
Fernando invited Luis to the reunion since nobody had seen him.
4.
Luis might not go to the reunion because of his work.
5.
Romina and Luis were really good friends in school.
6.
It is not possible for Fernando Fernando to take pictures at the reunion.
7.
They might not have fun because the reunion is at 12:00 o’clock. clock.
8.
Luis doesn’t work on Saturdays.
9.
Luis and Thelma were in a relationship.
10.
Fernando offers Luis to give Luis a ride to Mandy’s house.
F
DS
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WRITING
5. WRITE A BLOG POST ABOUT THE LAST TRADITIONAL FESTIVAL OR CELEBRATION YOU HAD AND ENJOYED A LOT RECENTLY. USE THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS TO ORGANIZE YOUR IDEAS. WRITE BETWEEN 60 AND 80 WORDS.
a) What a) What was it? b) Who b) Who did you go with? c) Why c) Why did you like it? d) What d) What did you see at that festival? e) Why e) Why would you recommend it for other visitors?
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SPEAKING
6. TAKE TURNS TO TALK ABOUT THE MOST INTERESTING ANECDOTE YOU HAD IN A PARTY OR FESTIVAL WITH A FRIEND. USE THE PROMPTS BELOW.
Student A A. Once I was at a birthday party when…
B. Have you ever been late to a meeting?
C. Can you tell me about the last time you had lots of fun?
Student B
A. I don’t like birthday parties but once I was in a reunion with some relatives when…
B. Have you ever been to a get-together party with really old friends?
C. Can you tell me about the last concert you went to?
TOTAL SCORE: _____ / 50
UNIT 8
LESSON A
Landmarks
IT IS MADE OF...
1. CLASSIFY THE VOCABULARY WHERE CORRESPONDS. COMPARE WITH A PARTNER. PARTNER.
• • • • •
Glass Ballroom Steel Coffee table Basement
MATERIAL
• • • • •
Old paintings Stone Carpet Balcony Concrete
• • • •
Marble Chandelier Entrance hall Iron
FURNITURE/FURNISHING
• • • •
Large Living room Antique bookcase Fence Wooden armchair
PARTS OF A HOUSE/ BUILDING
2. MATCH THE VOCABULARY IN EXERCISE 1 TO THE FOLLOWING PICTURES. THEN, TAKE TURNS TO TALK ABOUT THEM. FOLLOW THE EXAMPLE: A: THE LOUVRE MUSEUM IS MADE OF GLASS. B: FRIDA’S HOUSE IS MADE OF… 1. 5. 2. 4. 3. 1. 5. 2. 4. 3. 1. 5. 2. 4. 3. 1. 2. 3.
3. MATCH THE DEFINITION WITH THE WORD. 3. a. A hard, brittle, mostly transparent transparent substance, substance, usually produced by heating and melting sand, soda, and lime, as in the ordinary kind used for windows. b. A large room, room, as in a hotel or resort, with a polished loor for dancing. c. A decorative, sometimes ornate, light light ixture ixture suspended from a ceiling,, usually having branched supports for a number of ceiling lights. d. Part of a building below ground e. A form of iron iron made made with carbon.
1. BASEMENT 2. GLASS 3. CHANDELIER 4. CONCRETE 4. 5. STEEL 6. BALLROOM
f.
An artiicial, stone-like building material made by mixing cement and sand with water and allowing the mixture to harden.
LESSON B
FAMOUS BUILDINGS.
1. DISCUSS THESE QUESTIONS WITH A PARTNER: PARTNER: • What are the most famous buildings in your country? • What do you know about them? • Where are they located? • What are they made of?
2. LISTEN AND READ. READ.
Chichen Itza was a Mayan city; it is located on located on the Yucatan Peninsula in Mexico. Chichen Itza was named a named a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1988 and, in 2007, it was voted in voted in a worldwide survey as one of the New Seven Wonders of the World. The most impressive building is the Temple of Kukulkan, also known as El Castillo, it was built in built in an area that was leveled to leveled to organize larger structures. The temple was designed with designed with 365 steps which represent each day of the year. Each side of the temple has 91 steps, and the top platform completes the 365th. Chichén Itzá's ball court is the largest in America, measuring 168 meters and 70 meters wide. During ritual games, 4-kilogram rubber balls were hit by hit by players, into rings which were made of made of stone and were set high set high on the court walls. Nowadays, the site is open daily and on spring and autumn equinoxes offer the opportunity to admire the incredible shadow serpent of El Castillo and at night a light show is displayed to all tourists who arrive from all over the world.
3. COMPLETE THE CHART USING THE VERBS IN BOLD FROM THE TEXT. LOOK AT THE EXAMPLE. Verb be
Past participle
Verb be
Past participle
(present/past)
verb form
(present/past)
verb form
1. 2.
6.
is
locat ed ed
7.
3.
8.
4.
9.
5.
10.
4. LISTEN TO THE CONVERSATIONS AND COMPLETE WITH THE MISSING WORDS. THEN ANSWER THE QUESTIONS.
TEACHER: In this video you see the White House, it is the oicial residence and work place of the president of the United States STUDENT 1: Excuse me, where 1.______________? TEACHER: Well, It 2._____________in Washington D.C; do you know who 3.___________ it? STUDENT 2: Yes, I know. It 4.________________ by the Irish architect James Hoban. TEACHER: You´re right and its name 5.______________ by the President Theodore Roosevelt in 1901.
1. What is the White House? 2. Where is the White House located? 3. Who designed it? 4. Who gave its name? 5. When was The White House given this name?
MARIANA: Hey Ana! Nice to hear from you, how was your trip to India? ANA: Hi Mariana, it was awesome; I visited the Taj Mahal it is a mausoleum, it 1._________________ near the Yamuna River.
LUCY: I know, and it 2._________________ in honor to Shah Jahan’s wife. MARIANA: Most of the building 3.________________ of white marble, and it makes it a magniicent building for visitors around the world. However, However, I had some language problems. LUCY: Why? You speak English and Spanish pretty well
MARIANA: You’re right but Spanish and english 4._________________ languages in India. Hindi 5.________________ by most people there.
1. Where did Lucy go? 2. Where is the Taj Majal located? 3. Why was this mausoleum built? 4. What was the Taj Majal made of? 5. What language is mostly spoken in India?
LESSON C
WHEN WAS IT CREATED?
1. DISCUSS WITH A CLASSMATE. • Mention some important inventions or discoveries that changed the t he world. • Do you know when and who discovered or created them?
2. MATCH THE INVENTION TO THE INVENTOR.
Challenge Your Knowledge! (
) 1. The irst Bible was printed…
a. by the Chinese around 1050 BC
(
) 2. The Mona Lisa was painted…
b. by Carl Benz.
(
) 3. The law of gravity was discovered…
c. by Leonardo Da Vinci in the 16th century.
(
) 4. The telephone was invented…
d. by Samuel Morse around 18301840.
(
) 5. The Great Wall was built…
e. by Isaac Newton.
(
) 6. The irst car was manufactured…
f.
(
) 7. The airplane was invented…
g. by its population to protect from their enemies.
(
) 8. The Eiffel Tower was designed…
h. by Gutenberg in 1455 in Germany.
(
) 9. The compass was created…
i.
by Emile Nouguier and Maurice Koechlin.
(
) 10. Morse Code was developed…
j.
by the Wright brothers in 1903.
by Alexander Graham Bell in 1876.
YOUR SCORE 109 Excellent
87 Good
65 Not bad
3. SHARE YOUR SCORE. CHECK THE CORRECT ANSWERS
1. h, 2. c, 3. e, 4. f, 5.g, 6. b, 7. j, 8. i, 9. a, 10.d
40 Try again
GO TO GRAMMAR REFERENCE UNIT 8. READ THE INFORMATION AND DO THE EXERCISES.
4. IN PAIRS, USE THE INFORMATION IN EXERCISE 2 TO ASK AND ANSWER QUESTIONS AS IN THE EXAMPLE. STUDENT A EXAMPLE:
Who printed printed the the first Bible?
The first bible was was printed by Gutenberg
5. LOOK AT THE PICTURES AND USE THE INFORMATION TO MAKE SENTENCES, FOLLOW THE EXAMPLE. STUDENT B
• Chandelier • Crystal • 1872 • Alice Johnson (make)
• Poland • 1903 (ind) • Plate
• Pots • 1817 • Mexican women
The chandelier was made of crystal by Alice Johnson in 1872.
(design)
• Angel de la Independencia • Reforma Avenue (locate)
• Wooden door • 2019 • My uncle (set)
LESSON D
THE PRESIDENTIAL OFFICE.
1. COMPLETE THE CHART WITH THE CORRECT FORM OF THE VERBS.
PRESENT “TO BE”
PRESENT Occupy
PAST PARTICIPLE
SIMPLE PAST
PRESENT Visit
PAST PARTICIPLE
Change
Build
Name
Order
2. COMPLETE THIS INFOGRAPHIC WITH THE CORRECT OPTIONS. THEN LISTEN AND CHECK.
Important F ac actsts About Los Los Pinos • Los Pinos was the presidential residence in Mexico, now it is open to the public but not always was like this. The residence 1. 1. __________ __________ in a place that 2. 2. ___________ ___________ “Molino del Rey”. • At the beginning the land was a ranch called “La Hormiga” which which name 3. __________ to “Los Pinos” by by Lázaro 3. __________ Cárdenas in honor to the place where he met his wife in Michoacan. • The residence, irst 4. 4. _________ _________ by President Lazaro Cardenas del Rio due to he believed Chapultepec Castle was a luxurious place to rule the country, so he decided to move to “Los Pinos” in 1941. • Mexico 5. 5. __________ __________ by Manuel Avila Camacho from 1940 to 1946, he was the second Mexican President who lived in the new residence. He got married to Soledad Orozco and didn’t have children. Before moving from his own house in Lomas de Chapultepec to the oicial residence, 6. 6. __________ __________ some modiications by the presidential couple to adapt it to their needs. needs. • Nowadays this place 7. ___________ by people who want to go along on its avenues, gardens, statue galleries as well as to enjoy its buildings and cultural events.
1.
a. was built
b. is built
c. were built
d. were build
2.
a. are named
b. were name
c. was named
d. was name
3. 4.
a. were changed a. was occupy
b. is changed b. are occupy
c. was changed c. were occupied
d. were change d. was occupied
5.
a. was governed
b. were governed
c. are govern
d. was govern
6.
a. is ordered
b. were ordered
c. was order
d. was ordered
7.
a. are visited
b. is visited
c. were visited
d. was visit
3. READ THE TEXT IN EXERCISE 2 AGAIN AND DECIDE IF THESE STATEMENTS ARE TRUE OR FALSE. •
The Mexican Presidential Residence was always opened to the public.
T
F
•
The Ranch “La Hormiga” is Hormiga” is now “Los Pinos”. Pinos”.
T
F
•
President Lazaro Cardenas met his wife in “La Hormiga”. Hormiga”.
T
F
•
Chapultepec Castle was the presidential residence before. before.
T
F
•
The second president who lived in “Los Pinos” was Lázaro Cardenas. C ardenas.
T
F
•
There are cultural events in “Los Pinos” nowadays. Pinos” nowadays.
T
F
4. USE THE PROMPTS TO MAKE SENTENCES. FOLLOW THE MODEL. Flowers/ send/on Mother’s Day ------ Flowers are sent on Mother’s Day
1.
A special guitar / sell / famous museum in 1899 _______________________________________________________________________________
2.
The National anthem / write / Francisco Gonzalez in 1853 _______________________________________________________________________________
3.
Valentine’s day /celebrate / February 14th around the world _______________________________________________________________________________
4.
Golden Gate Bridge / locate/ in San Francisco California _______________________________________________________________________________
5.
The song “Thriller”/ sing / Michael Jackson _______________________________________________________________________________
6. The most delicious burgers / make / in USA _______________________________________________________________________________
5. CHOOSE THE CORRECT VERB FORM TO COMPLETE THE SENTENCES. 1.
The lost dog _________ in the park last night.
2.
Cars ___________ in Japan.
a. was directed
3.
“Roma”__________ “Roma ”__________ by Alfonso Cuaron.
b. is spoken
4.
“Nahuatl” ______________ in the Huasteca.
5.
Uniform _______________ in elementary schools.
c. were delivered d. was found e. are manufactured
6.
Thousand packages _____________ by Amazon last month. f.
is worn
g. was directed
FACTS.
LESSON E
1. BEFORE READING THINK ABOUT… •
How much do you know about Hidalgo history?
•
What do you know about the regions of Hidalgo?
•
How are traditions celebrated in our state?
2. ANSWER THE QUIZ.
Do You Have Hidalguense Heart? Heart? READ THE CLUES AND ANSWER THE QUIZ, YOU HAVE A FEW MINUTES. GO AHEAD! 1.
It was built to commemorate the 1st century of the Mexican Independence.
2.
It was painted by Diego Rivera and ordered by Jose Vasconcelos who was the Education Secretary in that period.
3.
It was founded in 1987 in Tizayuca. Mexican piñatas never miss
4.
these products. Ancestral tradition which is celebrated on November 1st and 2nd in the Huasteca.
5.
Traditional music is played in this place to celebrate the carnival with original dancers named “Cuernudos”.
6.
On August in this place the “Fruit Fair” is held in honor to the apple and its products.
7.
Embroideries full of color are made here by Otomi hands mostly representing birds, lowers and roosters.
8.
It is believed that it was originated during the XVI century and is considered the most important fair in the state. It is held in
9.
October. Place where four anthropomorphic igures belonging to the Tolteca culture are settled.
10. “Captain Antonio Reyes Cabrera” is considered a hero. His nickname is “El tordo” he fought against French army, he was born in…
GO TO THE END OF THE UNIT 8 AND CHECK YOUR ANSWERS ANSWERS SCORE 910
You have absolutely an Hidalguense heart!
86
You are a proud Hidalguense.
5- 4
You are an average citizen of the state.
30
You might be a foreign person.
3. WRITE AN E-MAIL TO A FRIEND FROM OTHER TOWN/CITY/COUNTRY. WRITE ABOUT FACTS OF THE PLACE YOU LIVE IN. FOLLOW THE GUIDE. •
INTRODUCTION: *Greeting *Your name *City INTRODUCTION:
*School
•
MAIN BODY: BODY: *Mention at least four facts using the passive voice (location, historical dates, buildings, celebrations…) *use vocabulary vocabulary of the unit
•
CONCLUSION: Say CONCLUSION: Say good bye
4. WRITE A SHORT PHARAGRAPH DESCRIBING A FAMOUS LANDMARK AROUND THE WORD. INCLUDE THE FOLLOWING INFORMATION. •
Where is it located?
•
What is it made of?
•
Who designed it?
•
Historical facts
LESSON E
FACTS.
ANSWERS EXERCISE 2 1.
The Monumental clock in Pachuca
2.
Hidalgo Emblem
3. 4.
“Totis” company Xantolo
5.
Calnali
6.
Acaxochitlan
7.
Los Tenangos, de Tenango de Doria
8.
San Francisco International Fair in Pachuca
9.
Tula
10. Huejutla
UNIT 8 Test
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GRAMMAR 1. COMPLETE WITH THE CORRECT OPTION. 1. 2.
Skyscrapers ________ of iron and concrete. a) are make b) are made
c) is make
d) is made
Xcaret __________ in the Riviera Maya in Quintana Roo. a) are locate
b) are locate
c) is locate
d) is located
c) were painted
d) were painting
3. The Mona Lisa _________ by Leonardo Da Vinci. a) Is painted
b) was painted
4. The David is one of the most famous sculptures, it ________ in Florence, Italy. a) are ind 5.
b) are founded
c) is found
d) is ind
The London Bridge ____________ by the architect John Mowlem. a) were designed
b) was designed
c) are designed
d) is design
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VOCABULARY 2. MATCH THE DEFINITIONS TO THE WORDS. 1. A hard, brittle, mostly transparent substance, usually produced by
heating and melting sand, soda, and lime, as in the ordinary kind used for windows. (
)
2. An artiicial, stonelike material used for various structural purposes,
made by mixing cement and various aggregates. (
)
3. The hard, iberlike substance that makes up most of the stem and
branches of a tree or shrub beneath the bark. ( ) 4. A large room, as in a hotel or resort, with a polished loor for
a. Basement b. Glass c. Wood d. Concrete e. Ballroom
dancing. (
)
5. A loor or story of a building that is partly or completely
underground. (
)
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READING
London Eye,
previously Millennium Wheel, revolving observation wheel, or Ferris wheel, is
situated in London, on the South Bank of the River Thames in the borough of Lambeth. At an overall height of 443 feet (135 meters), the London Eye was the world’s tallest Ferris wheel from 1999, when it was built, until 2006, when it was surpassed by the Star of Nanchang, in Nanchang, China. It is one of London’ London’ss most popular tourist attractions for which an admission fee is charged and is sometimes credited with sparking a worldwide revival of Ferris wheel. What is now called the London Eye originated as an entry submitted by David Marks and Julia Barield of Marks Barield Architects in 1993 to a competition, sponsored by The Sunday Times and Great Britain’s Architecture Foundation, for a new landmark to commemorate the millennium in London. Although no winner was declared, Marks and Barield undertook the development of the project themselves and found the site where the wheel now stands. Much of the funding was provided by British Airways. Construction began in 1998, and the wheel was put together t ogether over the river, in a horizontal position, before being pulled upright. The London Eye, as it was called by this time, was ceremonially “opened” “opened” by Prime Minister Tony Blair on December 31, 1999, but did not admit its irst paying passenger until March 9, 2000. Originally scheduled to be dismantled after ive years, it was kept in place because of continued popularity. In 2006 a decorative LED lighting system was installed in order to make the wheel more prominent after dark. The London Eye’s original owners were British Airways, Marks Barield, and the Tussauds Group. Tussauds became the sole owner in 2006. The following year Tussauds was sold to the Blackstone Group, a private equity irm that folded the London Eye into its Merlin Entertainments Group. WRITTEN BY Robert Lewis, Assistant Editor, Encyclopaedia Britannica.
3. FIND IN THE BOX THE SYNONYM OF EACH WORD AND WRITE IT DOWN ON THE LINE. A type of ticket
1. Borough
_____________________________
Finance
2. Upright
Rise up
3. Prominent
City
4. Funding
better seen
5. Admission fee
_____________________________ _____________________________ _____________________________ _____________________________
4. NOW, READ THE ARTICLE AND ANSWER THE QUESTIONS. 1. Mention 2 different names of the London Eye. 2. What is the current tallest Ferris wheel?
3. Who sponsored the competition in 1993 and why? 4. Mention the event held on December 31, 1999. 1999. 5. Who were The London Eye’s original owners?
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LISTENING
5. LISTEN TO A TEACHER TALKING ABOUT FAMOUS SCULPTURES AROUND THE WORLD AND COMPLETE THE CHART. A.
B. SCULPTURE:
PIETA
SCULPTURE:
3.
LOCATION:
1.
LOCATION:
4.
SCULPTOR:
2.
SCULPTOR:
Auguste Rodin
MATERIAL:
Marble
MATERIAL:
5.
C. SCULPTURE:
6.
LOCATION:
7.
MATERIAL:
from travertine stone
6. MATCH THE INFORMATION CHARTS IN EXERCISE 5 WITH THE PICTURES.
8.
9.
WRITING
10.
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6. WRITE A BLOG POST WRITE 80 100 WORDS ABOUT YOUR FAVORITE DISH. USE THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS TO ORGANIZE YOUR IDEAS. •
•
•
•
Where it is located What it is made of Who created it Some historical facts.
SPEAKING
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7. TALK ABOUT A FAMOUS LANDMARK YOU KNOW WELL. MAKE SURE YOU TALK ABOUT THE FOLLWING ASPECTS. • LANDMARK • LOCATION • DESIGNED BY • MATERIALS • IMPORTANT IMP ORTANT FACTS
TOTAL SCORE: _____ / 50
UNIT 9
LESSON A
We Are What We Eat
FOOD
1. DISCUSS 1. DISCUSS WITH A PARTNER: • What’s your favorite snack? • How often do you eat it?
2. MATCH 2. MATCH THE WORDS AND WRITE THEM ON THE LINES.
7
______ ______ ______
1.
______ ______ ______ f. chop ______ g. silver ______ h. tea ______ i. sea ______ j. chick k. pepper ______ ______ l. milk ______ m. fruit n. banana ______
4.
a. black b. oat c. egg d. take e. left
2. 3. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14.
Blackberry _________________ b. _________________ c. _________________
plant ware cake
a.
shake split spoon berry overs sticks meal food mint pea away
_________________ _________________ f. _________________ g. _________________ h. _________________ i. _________________ j. _________________ k. _________________ l. _________________ m. _________________ n. _________________ d. e.
3. LISTEN 3. LISTEN AND CHECK YOUR ANSWERS. THEN LISTEN AND REPEAT.
4. LISTEN TO THIS CONVERSATION AND CHOOSE: 4. 1. They’re friends / family 2. They’r They’re e celebrating a birthday / mother’s day
5. COMPLETE THE CONVERSATION WITH THE WORDS FROM EXERCISE 2. 5.
John: Hey! Good to see you Kelly! How have you been? Kelly: Great, Thanks! What have you been up to these days? John: Not much, I’m preparing a mother’s day breakfast for my
Kelly:
John:
Kelly:
John: Kelly:
John:
mom, wife and aunt and now I came to buy new _______________ because I only have spoons and knifes, all my forks are lost. That’s nice! What are you planning to do? I’m sure it is not going to be a regular breakfast with _______________ and milk. Well I’m cooking something simple, it is a new recipe I learned, it is mainly pasta and on top you put some _______________ slices seasoned with _______________, we will also have coffee and orange juice to drink; also, my sister is baking a _______________ filled with _______________ and some other fruits for dessert, actually, I need to but some disposable _______________ to eat that. Are you planning anything for your mom? My brothers and I are ordering pizza for dinner from a _______________ restaurant near her house, she loves it so much that if there’s pizza left, she keeps the _______________ in the fridge, we also considered _______________ but we just had a lot of fish and shrimp during the holly week. That’s great! She’ll be happy. Yes! and we’re going to order creamy ______________ for us all from a café that is in the neighborhood too, mom has a sweet tooth. Sounds fantastic! They deserve it!
6. LISTEN AGAIN AND CHECK YOUR ANSWERS; 6. THEN, PRACTICE THE CONVERSATION WITH A CLASSMATE.
7. DISCUSSION. 7. • •
Is there a special food you eat with your family for celebrations? Do you like it? Do you know how to cook it?
IF WE EAT HEALTHIER, WE WILL BE HAPPIER.
LESSON B
1. DISCUSS THESE QUESTIONS WITH A PARTNER: 1. PARTNER: • • •
What is your favorite fast food? How often do you eat fast food? Do you consider you have healthy eating habits?
2. LISTEN TO AN INTERVIEW, THEN READ THE STATEMENTS AND WRITE T (TRUE) OR 2. F (FALSE) ON THE LINES.
____________
1.
____________
2.
____________ ____________
3. 4.
____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________
This is a TV interview to John. Dr. Parker cares about people.
According to him, obesity is a minor problem. Junk food is the main cause for the rise in people’s health problems. 5. There is no reason for people to eat junk food. obesity, there are more problems that may cause death. 6. Besides obesity, 7. Dr. Parker mentions some examples of different problems besides obesity. 8. Dr. Parker believes that if we are healthy we will be happy. 9. Health problems are exclusive to those who suffer from them. 10. Dr. Parker doesn’t believe we can do something to have a healthy life.
3. READ THESE PHRASES, WHAT DO THEY HAVE IN COMMON? 3. a) If you eat a lot of fast food, you will have health problems. b) People won’t live a long life if they don’t change their habits
These phrases include conditions (“if clause”) clause”) and they and consequences (“result express situations that are very likely to
happen. Go to the GRAMMAR REFERENCE UNIT 9 to know more about this topic.
4. LISTEN TO THE INTERVIEW AGAIN AND COMPLETE THE EXPRESSIONS WITH THE 4. MISSING CLAUSES.
If I can help
Example: ______________________, I will be happy to answer your questions.
a) If we don’t have enough time to eat, ______________________________________________. b) We will not choose the healthier option ___________________________________________. c) If our body gets so many fats and carbs _____________________________________ and ___________________________________. d) If we make changes in our diet _______________________________________________. e) If we don’t make an effort to change ______________________________________________ because of these bad habits. habits. f) ___________________________________________ we will become better human beings. g) ___________________________________________ we will save our lives.
5. MATCH THESE CLAUSES TO FORM CORRECT SENTENCES. 5.
Example:
If you study, you will learn new things
1. If you study and get a degree
A) if you don’t do all your homework.
2. In a few years, we won’t have clean water
B)
3. If people eat vegetables
C)
4. There will be many loods
D)
5. You will fail
E)
6. If students attend to class
F)
7. Our planet won’t survive
G)
8. If my brother learns English
H)
LESSON C
they will be healthy healthy.. if we don’t reduce the world’s temperature. he will be promoted at his job. if we don’t make changes to take care of it today. if we don’t stop contaminating our rivers. you will have a better paid job. they will learn and practice.
COCACOLA-IZATION
1. DISCUSS THESE QUESTIONS WITH A PARTNER: 1. PARTNER:
• Do you like drinking soda? • How much soda do you drink per
week? • Do you know what problems soda consumption causes?
2. READING. READ THE TEXT QUICKLY. WHICH TITLE WOULD SUIT IT BEST? 2. • The effect of soft drinks on our bodies. • Mazahua communities at risk! • Malnutrition and obesity rates in Mexico.
In a country with Latin America’s America’s highest death rate from diabetes, peasant communities are in danger.
In the indigenous community of the Mazahuas in San José del Rincón, a wooded village in western Mexico State, there are so many homes without running water but with a bottle of soda sitting permanently on the table. The Mazahua people are abandoning their millenary diet based on pulses and vegetables, and adopting junk food. Junk food, in combination with poverty and social exclusion is lethal as it leads to malnutrition and weight excess. How many people are affected?
Mexico is going through a fat and sugar epidemic. Seven out of every 10 adults are overweight or obese, and so is one out of every three children. It is the world’s second country with the highest overweight and obesity rates, only after the United States. If sugar and junk food consumption continues at this rate, it will soon become number 1. How much soda is consumed?
According to the World Health Organization (WHO), no other people consumes as many soft drinks as Mexicans—163 liters a year— It’s a chained problem: if people drinks too much soda, they will become diabetic; if they become diabetic, many will die because of the complications the sickness causes. The number of people who die from diabetes in Mexico are far more than in other country in Latin America. From rare to common
“Diabetes used to be a rare disease affecting mostly a mature population that was genetically predisposed to it. But in the last 30 years there has been a huge explosion, to the point that in the last six
National Institute for Medical Sciences and Nutrition. “In this scenario, the indigenous population is the most vulnerable, and has higher rates,” continues Ávila. “Poverty used to protect them because it forced them to eat what they grew in the ields. But starting in 2010 there’s been an expansion by soft-drink makers following a strategy to bring refrigerators to communities that have electricity, and so making their products available to much more people”. In many places, amazingly, it’s easier to get soft drinks than a bottle of milk. So, if the availability of healthier options is scarce, the consumption of soft drinks will deinitely increase. The situation has become so daunting that the United Nations has coined the term “cocacola-ization” to name the consuming habits in Mexico. What has been done?
Not many years ago, the government introduced a special tax on sugary beverages, following other nations’ lead. “If soft drinks are more expensive, people will opt for healthier options”, the said. For now, tax receipts have increased, but consumption has not really gone down. Consumers did react to the change in prices in the short term, but their usual consumption has resumed over time. The impact in long-term consumption has been minimal. If no other options are available to the Mazahuas, coca – cola will surely continue making its way into their diet. Adapted from: “El País in English”
years, half-a-million Mexicans died from diabetes,” says Dr Abelardo Ávila, of the Salvador Zubirán
3. READ THE ARTICLE AGAIN AND ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS: 3. 1. How much of the population is overweight or obese? ________________________________________ 2. How much soda is consumed in Mexico each year? __________________________________________ 3. How many people have died from diabetes in recent years? ________________________________
4. COMPLETE THE FOLLOWING SENTENCES IN THE CORRECT FORM USING THE 4. VERBS FROM THE BOX. SOME OF THEM MAY BE NEGATIVE. become
combine
continue
get sick
change
lead
provide
increase
1. In San José del Rincón, if the government _______________ homes with running water, people _______________
consuming soft drinks. 2. If soft drink consumption _______________, Mexico __________ soon__________ number 1 in obese or overweight people. ___ _______ probably __________ from diabetes. 3. If the Mazahua diet _______________, they __________ poverty,, it _______________ to malnutrition. 4. If junk food _______________ with poverty
5. MATCH THE HIGHLIGHTED WORDS FROM THE TEXT TO THEIR MEANINGS. 5.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14.
Wooded Running water People Pulses Overweight Soft drinks Disease Huge Grew Available Daunting Tax Gone down Resumed
Very large. Fat. Money paid to the government for what you earn. Continued, started again. Accessible, ready to be used. Covered with trees. Cold, sweet drinks without alcohol. Men, women, and children of a particular nation. Past of grow, to increase in size or amount. Illness caused by infection or a failure of health. Seeds as beans or peas which are cooked and eaten. Intimidating, frightening or worrying. Participle of go down, to be reduced. Water distributed to houses through pipes.
6. IN GROUPS DISCUSS THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS. 6.
• • •
Are there any similarities between the situation of the Mazahua community and your community? What actions would you suggest to lower the consumption of soda among the population? From these actions, which ones will you adopt with your family if you can?
LESSON D
A CLASS FORUM
1. MATCH THE DEFINITIONS (a-e) WITH THE VOCABULARY (1-5). 1. VOCABULARY
DEFINITION
1. _____ pandemic
a.
I want to say.
2. _____ proud
b.
a disease existing in almost all of the area of people, animals or plants.
3. _____ junk food
c.
feel happy for what somebody does.
4. _____ lockdown
d.
a requirement for people to stay where they are due to a speciic risk.
5. _____ I mean
e.
unhealthy food like hamburgers and soda.
2. READ THE TEXT FROM A STUDENT IN A CLASS FORUM AND ANSWER T (TRUE), F 2. (FALSE) OR DS (DOESN’T SAY).
How did your eating habits change during the lockdown due to the pandemic? So cool to read about how some of us have changed the way we eat during this lockdown! I’m from Mexico, I’ve lived in Hidalgo all my life and I'm proud to say that Hidalgo has one of the most delicious foods all around the country country.. Before the pandemic I used to stop anywhere and have all kinds of traditional food such as Tacos, Garnachas, Barbacoa, etc. However, being home has been so diicult when it comes to getting the food you like, I mean, unfortunately, so many places were closed, so we had to manage cooking with what we had at hand. On the other hand, not being able to go out because of the pandemic made me learn so many things I didn’t even think I could do by myself, and one of those things was learning how to cook. Last week, I learned how to cook “Chilaquiles” which is one of my favorite Mexican dishes. What is more, being at home has had such a great impact on my health, after all, I have lost some weight and now I feel better. And that is probably because when things were normal, I used to go and get lots of junk food which of course wasn’t any good for my body. What about you? Has this lockdown made you change your eating habits? Let us know.
1.
The writer loves food from Hidalgo. The writer ate out often. Learning how to cook was so diicult for the writer.
2. 3.
Chilaquiles are not one of the writer’s favorite dishes. The pandemic has caused the writer become healthier.
4. 5.
3. READ THE TEXT AGAIN AND CHOOSE THE BEST ANSWER. 3.
1. What is the purpose of the irst sentence in this post? a) To show the writer has read other posts. b) To talk about the food in Hidalgo c) For the writer to introduce themselves. 2. Which word is missing from the irst sentence? a) They’re... b) It 's... c) You’re... 3. The phrase “used to” is similar to... a) the writer did it very often b) the writer use it very often c) the writer does it very often 4. Which thing shows the writing is informal? a) The writer sometimes uses some incomplete sentences. b) The writer talks directly to the reader using “you” c) The writer mentions some information about Hidalgo State.
5. What does the word “such as” mean at the end of the irst line in the second paragraph?
a) but b) fortunately c) for example
Writing Strategy • Start by saying something that shows you have read other people's posts. • You can be quite informal. • You can sometimes miss out the beginning of a phrase:
So cool to read about how some of us have changed…
4. 4. WRITE YOUR OWN ANSWER TO THE FORUM “HOW DID YOUR EATING HABITS CHANGE DURING THE LOCKDOWN DUE TO THE PANDEMIC?” (80-100 WORDS)
LESSON E
IT WON’T TASTE VERY GOOD IF...
1. DESCRIBE THE PICTURE. WHA 1. WHAT T ARE THEY DOING? WHAT DO YOU THINK THEY ARE SAYING? USE THE WORDS BELOW TO HELP YOU. look at think take menu order restaurant
sit waitress
2. WRITE THESE WORDS IN THE CORRECT PLACE IN THE MENU. 2.
Appetizers
Desserts
Main courses
Green salad
Chicken soup
Tomato salad
Lamb with sauce
The special
Grilled ish
Chocolate cake
Vegetable pie
Fruit salad
3. READ THE CONVERSATION AND TRY TO COMPLETE THE WORDS, THE FIRST LETTER 3. (S) IS DONE FOR YOU. THEN LISTEN AND CHECK.
Waitress ALL Cheryl
Waitress Cheryl Waitress Cheryl Waitress Cheryl Waitress Cheryl Waitress Cheryl Waitress Cheryl Waitress Kate Cheryl Waitress Cheryl Waitress Cheryl Waitress Kate Louis Charles Waiter
Are you ready to o_____________?
Yes, we are. Excuse me, I have a question. I’m in the mood for l_____________ , but the sauce looks too fatty. Could I order the lamb without the sauce? Sure! What does it come with?
French f_______________. I’m not really into fried food. Could I have a grilled v_______________ instead? I think we have grilled pe_______________. Perfect! Would you like to start with an appetizer? Is there any o___________ on the t___________ salad? There’s a lot of oil, yes. Could I get it without the oil? MMM – HMMM, but it won’t taste very g___________. Then I’ll just have a mixed g_________ salad. And you, Madame?
Ahmm.. I’m sorry. I have another question. Is there any s____________ on the lamb? It takes salt and pepper, yes. I don’t want a lot of salt. I think I’ll have the f___________ instead. Ok, anything to d____________? Just w____________, please. And for you? I’ll have the special. The special, please. The special, please. Great!
Cheryl Kate, Charles
Can I ask you another q_____________? Noooooo!!!!
and Louis
4. LOOK AT THE HIGHLIGHTED PHRASES IN THE CONVERSATION AND WRITE THE 4. WORDS IN THE RIGHT COLUMN. TAKING THE ORDER e.g.
ORDERING
Are you ready to order?
5. READ AND LISTEN TO THE CONVERSATION AGAIN IN EXERCISE 3 AND ANSWER 5. THE QUESTIONS. 1. Why do you think Lucy is quite interested in what the food contains? 2. Why do Lucy’s friends sound annoyed? 3. Do you think Lucy has good eating habits?
6. IN GROUPS OF 5, PRACTICE THE CONVERSATION IN EXERCISE 2. 6.
UNIT 9 Test
/ 5
GRAMMAR 1. CHOOSE THE BEST ANSWER TO COMPLETE THE SENTENCES.
1.
James, __________ the washing up i f I cook dinner? a) do a) do you do
2.
b) will you do
My parents will be worried _________ home very late. a) if a) if I get
b) if I’ll get
3. What will she say if her boyfriend ___________ you to marry her? a) asks a) asks
b) will ask
it’ss very expensive. 4. I __________ the camera if it’ a) don’t a) don’t buy
b) won’t buy
5. If we __________ our coats, we’ll be cold. a) don’t take a) don’t
b) won’t take
VOCABULARY
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2. MATCH THE DESCRIPTIONS TO THE WORDS.
1.
Fast food restaurants usually sell this type of food.
a. chopsticks
2.
This is the food remaining after the rest has been consumed.
b. fruit cake
3. It is usually baked and fruit is added on it.
c. seafood /
4. In most of East Asia people use them to have their food like rice.
d. takeaway food
5. This food is usually more expensive as it comes from the sea.
e. leftovers
10
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READING
3. READ THE EXTRACTS WHICH HAVE BEEN REMOVED FROM THE ARTICLE BELOW, CHOOSE FROM A TO E THE ONE WHICH BEST FITS THE GAPS IN THE TEXT.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Across the world the consumption of high-energy, nutrient-poor foods has increased and in recent years the average Mexican diet has changed. Diets containing red meat, processed meat, eggs, ish, poultry and milk are OK. A recent study (López-Olmedo (López-Olmedo et al, 2016) 2016) found that more more than 50% of the Mexican population population (aged over 1 year) are eating more than the recommended amount of added sugar and saturated fat. In addition, smoking and a sedentary lifestyle (little physical activity) may also contribute to health problems. Of particular concern is the stunting and micronutrient deiciencies in young children, iron deiciency in pregnant women and the high incidence of obesity and diabetes in Mexico.
The Mexican diet diet is changing Researchers investigating the nutritional adequacy of the Mexican diet have found that Mexican’s are not getting all of the nutrients they need to be healthy and that most Mexican’s are consuming more energy (calories) than they need. Traditionally Traditio nally,, the Mexican diet contained cereals and legumes (common beans), but now most people are eating less of these foods and eating more sugars, animal products and vegetable fats. Diets containing too many corn tortillas, reined grains, high fat foods, sugary soft drinks and alcohol can be harmful to our health – in particular because these foods may not provide important micronutrients, like calcium and vitamin D, and can contribute to tooth decay. It also found that intakes of saturated fat and added sugars were higher in urban compared with rural areas, in the North compared with South regions, and among those with higher socio-economic status (compared with low socio-economic status). Diets rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, legumes and oils are the healthiest diets.
Foods
with a high ibre content are a healthy choice. However, many Mexican do not meet dietary recommendations for good health.
S. (2016, 25 agosto). The Mexican Diet is changing. Good Food ~ Good Health. https://gfgh. https:/ /gfgh.wordpress.com/2016/08/2 wordpress.com/2016/08/25/the-mexican-diet-is-changing/ 5/the-mexican-diet-is-changing/
4. READ THE ARTICLE AGAIN AND ANSWER TRUE OR FALSE.
T 1.
Mexicans consume so many high calories products.
2.
Cereals, legumes and beans contain lots of calories.
F
3. Tooth decay is a consequence of getting too many corn tortillas, reined grains, high fat foods and sugary drinks. 4. Half of the Mexican population are getting more than it is recommended. 5. A few Mexicans follow a wrong diet to good health.
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LISTENING
5. LISTEN TO FIVE TALKING ABOUT FIVE MEXICAN DISHES. WRITE THE NUMBER OF THE SPEAKER IN THE CORRECT PICTURE.
Chinicuiles
Tacos de lengua
Menudo
Chicharrón
Nopales
Speaker _______
Speaker __4+ _____
Speaker _______
Speaker _______
Speaker _______
6. LISTEN AGAIN AGAIN AND MARK THE SENTENCES RIGHT (R) OR WRONG (W).
1.
Menudo makes people with a hangover feel better.
2. Chinicuiles don’t have a lot of protein. 3. Chicharron can become your favorite snack once you try it. 4. Nopales are so different from beans.
Tacos cos de lengua are made with pork meat. 5. Ta
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WRITING
7. WRITE YOUR ANSWER TO THE FORUM “HOW MANY OF YOU ARE PROUD OF YOUR EATING HABITS? WHY? •
Start by saying something that shows you have read other people's posts. posts.
•
You can be quite informal.
•
You Yo u can sometimes miss out the beginning of a phrase:
So cool to read about how some of us have changed…
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SPEAKING 8. HAVE A CONVERSATION WITH A PARTNER ABOUT YOUR EATING HABITS. •
•
•
•
Give an opinion about your partner’s eating habits Tell them whether they th ey need to improve their eating habits. Suggest what they can do to be eat more healthily. healthily. You can use the following words and phrases to help you speak.
Useful phrases:
Useful words
Do you think you have a healthy diet?
less/more
better
What do you usually have for…?
small portions
relaxed
How much/many muc h/many…? …?
diet
cups
You can try eating/drinking…
sugar/salt
fat
Why don’t you…?
fruit/vegetables
How about adding less…?
water
If you eat/drink… you’ll feel…?
snacks
TOTAL SCORE: _____ / 50
UNIT 10
LESSON A
Dreams
IF I WERE A SUPERHERO…
1. DISCUSS 1. DISCUSS WITH A CLASSMATE: What are the most common superpowers in comics, movies or TV shows? Why do you think is that way? Share with your group.
2. WRITE 2. WRITE THE SUPERPOWERS IN THE BOX NEXT TO THEIR DEFINITIONS. Telekinesis Omniscience
Immortality Shape shifting
Lifetime transference Mind Control
Super Healing Time freezing
is the ability to recover from injuries or illness in a short period of time. is the power of change the form of your own body. allows you to move things and communicate by using your mind. allows to stop time for a short period of time and move freely through it. is never dying, even if you want to, you can’t die. is controlling other’s thoughts and actions. is the ability to grant part of your own lifetime left to a dead or dying person, you cannot recover it once you have shared it. means to know everything the human being has discovered.
SUPER
3. LISTEN AND CHECK YOUR ANSWERS, THEN, ANSWER THE 3. QUESTION BELOW. •
What Superpower would you like to have?
_____________________________________________________________ •
Why?
_____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________
4. READ AND LISTEN TO THIS CONVERSATION AND FILL THE BLANKS WITH THE 4. MISSING INFORMATION. Joyce:
Patrick! School is over, it’s Friday afternoon and you know what that means, are you ready to lose on your favorite game…
Patrick:
again? Come on, Joyce, last week was just a stroke of luck, I’m I ’m going to defeat you easily today, but unfortunately, I don’t have a lot of time available, my little sister has asked as ked me to help her to study and I can’t say no, I really want her to pass her exam.
Joyce:
It’s alright, don’t worry, we must hurry up, then; it would be really nice to have super powers like the heroes from comics, if I had ________ ________ and ________ _________ I would carry you and we would be in my house by now.
Patrick:
That would be really good! Is there another super power you think would be really useful?
Joyce:
Actually, I think most of them are really great choices, for example, if I were a hero who can ________ _________, we w e could play our favorite game longer, don’t you think? Is there a super power you would like to have?
Patrick:
Yes, right now if I were a character with _____________ I could help my sister faster and I would have more free time, but also I think _____________ is a cool one, I could see everything if I was immortal, even the end of the world.
Joyce:
That’s right, but it scares me a little, if we became immortal, we couldn’t die, even if we wanted to, that’s scary and even a bit sad.
Patrick:
I hadn’t thought about it, you are right, maybe instead, if I was w as a
____________ I could do my sister’s test and nobody would notice. Joyce:
That sounds interesting! Anyway, we can keep talking about this later because is time to beat you.
5. DECIDE IF THE STATEMENTS ARE TRUE OR FALSE ACCORDING TO THE 5. INFORMATION WE CAN INFER FROM THE CONVERSATION.
True False Playing videogames together is a common activity for Patrick and Joyce.
______
______
2. Patrick has always won.
______
______
3. Patrick is the youngest in his family.
_____
______
4. Joyce could easily carry Patrick.
______
______
5. Patrick enjoys spending time with Joyce.
______
______
6. Immortality is a power Joyce would like to have.
______
______
______
______
1.
Patrick makes a good g ood brother.
7.
6. COMPLETE THE FOLLOWING STATEMENT: 6. If I had the super power of ______________________ I would ___________________________. Ask some of your classmates about what they would do if they had a super ability.
IF I COULD, I WOULD.
LESSON B
1. DISCUSS 1. DISCUSS WITH A CLASSMATE: • If you had the ability to change immediately something in your life or the world, what would it be? • Discuss with a classmate the meaning of these words and write a brief meaning:
1. Ban: 2. Famine: 3. War: 4. Heal: 5. Pollution: 6. Illness:
2. LISTEN TO SOME PEOPLE TALKING ABOUT WHAT THEY WOULD DO IF 2. THEY HAD THE POWER TO CHANGE SOMETHING AND WRITE THEIR NAMES ON THE LINES ACCORDING TO WHAT THEY SAY. 1 This person is
2 This person
3 This person
4 This person
5 This person
6 This person
against war
wants to help ill
wants to stop
wants to stop
wants to stop
people
hunger
pollution
crime
wants to stop hunting
3. GO TO THE GRAMMAR REFERENCE UNIT 10. READ TE INFORMATION AND DO THE 3. EXERCISES. In the second conditional, we express actions that are really unlikely to happen.
if I were rich I would buy a Ferrari. I’m not rich and and it’s not very possible for me to become rich.
Example: Fact:
4. LOOK AT THE SENTENCES AND WRITE THE FACTS WE CAN GET FROM THEM, 4. FOLLOW THE EXAMPLE. SENTENCE
If I were a superhero I would stop crime everywhere, I don’t like people suffering from it. I would deinitely spend all my richness to stop famine if I had a lot of money.
If I could do something special, I would ban animal hunting all over the world. All the people who suffer from an illness could be cured if I had the ability to heal others.
If I had the power to do it, I would stop pollution, it is killing us. If there weren’t wars, a lot of lives would be saved, so I would stop war if I could.
FACT(S)
I can’ t stop crime.
When using the second conditional, we need two clauses, one is the “if clause” which shows the condition needed for something to happen and the “result clause”, this one contains the action to be performed in case the “if clause” is accomplished.
5. SPLIT THE SENTENCES FROM THE PREVIOUS EXERCISE INTO “IF CLAUSES” AND 5. “RESULT CLAUSES” FOLLOW THE EXAMPLE.
IF CLAUSE
If I were a superhero
RESULT CLAUSE
I would stop crime
6. SELECT THE WORDS THAT BEST COMPLETE EACH SENTENCE. 6. 1.
If she was / were / would not so insecure, she could be / is / was the leader of the group.
2. If I was / were / would you, I would / was / had not buy that ugly shirt. 3. Our country was /were / would be really different if there was / would / were no traditions. 4. Where was / were / would you live if you could / have / had the chance to move right now?
5. If we changed / change / could our eating habits, our health could be /change / changed better. 6. If you be / is / had the chance to attend to a concert of a dead singer, who was /were / would it be? 7.
Online education could be / is / had be easier if we could / is / had enough network coverage.
8. If I became / become / had rich, I was /were / would visit every town from my state.
7. CREATE CONDITIONAL CLAUSES, SHARE WITH YOUR CLASSMATES AND LET THEM 7. FINISH THE SENTENCES, TAKE NOTES OF THEIR IDEAS.
If I were a millionare
Example: Student A:
CONDITION
LESSON C
I would buy a Lamborghini La mborghini
Example: Student A:
THE WINDY BEAUTY
CONSEQUENCE
1. DISCUSS THESE QUESTIONS WITH A PARTNER: 1. •
What do you know about Pachuca, the capital city of Hidalgo?
•
Have you visited its museums or any other place?
•
How do you like the city?
2. 2. READING. READ THE TEXT ABOUT PACHUCA AND THEN DECIDE IF THE SENTENCES BELOW ARE TRUE OR FALSE.
Pachuca, P achuca, The Windy Beauty Beauty Pachuca has been an undervalued city. It has a lot of things for tourists. If you visited Pachuca, called The Windy Beauty , you would first feel the bluster of
the windy days. But there’s much more than heavy air currents. Here, some instances of the things the city offers: Go museum-hopping
Taking in a few museums is always a good idea, and fortunately Pachuca has some great ones. If you tried out the Cuartel de Arte, housed inside of the former Convento de San Francisco you’d have the opportunity to enjoy three museums, an art gallery, a theater and a library. You’d be surrounded by its stunning architecture. If you stopped at the city’s Mining Museum,
you would have a great look into Pachuca’s mining tradition. You could also get to know one of Pachuca’s great passions if you visited the Football Hall of Fame Museum. Take in a game
The Cornish miners of Pachuca are credited with bringing soccer to the Americas when they formed the original Pachuca league. These days, the city’s soccer team is one of the best in Mexico, and it would be a shame if you passed up seeing them live. The Liga MX has a two-tournament season, one of which starts at the beginning of summer and one at the beginning of winter,
meaning that you would be able to see a game any time you head to Pachuca. Admire local architecture
If you wandered the city’s streets, you’d be amazed by El Reloj, the city’s clocktower which was built by the same engineers as London’s Big Ben in 1910 in traditional neoclassical style. Other buildings which would astonish you would be The House of Culture (the Efren Rebolledo Cultural Forum), the Colorado House, the Cajas Reales, the Rule House, the Bancomer building, the Barreteros Market, the University, the Historical Archives, the Art School, the San Francisco Church, and the Methodist Temple.
Near Pachuca, there are also some archeological sites and many places to admire and enjoy nature. As you see, if you visited Pachuca and its surroundings, you’d never get bored. And these are just some examples of what Pachuca, capital city of Hidalgo would offer to visitors.
1.
The author implies Pachuca has not been given proper credit.
T
F
2.
Pachuca is well known for its particular weather.
T
F
3.
The Cuartel del Arte is now called Convento de San Francisco.
T
F
4.
According to the text, Pachuca’s great passion is traditional mining.
T
F
5.
Foreigners created the original Pachuca Soccer league.
T
F
6.
People can watch a soccer game any time of the year.
T
F
7.
El Reloj in Pachuca and London’s Big Ben were built in a similar style.
T
F
8.
Inside the city, people can also visit some major archeological sites.
T
F
3. READ THE TEXT AGAIN AND MATCH THE HIGLIGHTED WORDS TO THEIR 3. MEANING. THEN LISTEN AND CHECK. __________ Bluster __________ Housed
a. Let go by without taking t aking advantage of. Declined, rejected.
__________ Stunning __________ Mining
c. Move about without a ixed course, aim, or goal.
__________ Cornish __________ Passed up
e. The process of extracting metals or minerals from the ground.
__________ Head __________ Wandered
g. Encased, enclosed, sheltered.
b. Impressive, especially in beauty or excellence. d. People coming from Cornwall, England. f. A violent and turbulent blowing. h. Proceed in a certain direction.
4. SPEAKING. 4. SPEAKING. DISCUSS THESE QUESTIONS IN TEAMS: • What interesting places around would you recommend to visit? • Do you happen to know the history of those places? • Are those places related to art? Sports? Culture?
LESSON D
SO MUCH, SO LITTLE.
1. 1. READ READMONEY AND LISTEN TOPEOPLE THE CONVERSATION. DOWITH YOUAAGREE WITH KIM? DO YOU THINK MAKES FIGHT? DISCUSS PARTNER. Dave Kim
Dave Kim Dave Kim
Hi Kim! What are you doing? I’m reading a magazine. Look at this picture! Isn’t it quite sad to see that some people have so much and others have so little? So, I was wondering if this world would be a better place to live if money didn’t exist. Come on, Kim! If money didn’t exist how would we buy things? What if we could make our money, wouldn’t it be so nice? Great! If I could make my own money, I could buy all the gadgets and cars I like. Hold on, Dave! I mean, I think it would be nice if we all could have money for f or essentials, you know,
food, clothes, this type of stuff. Dave So, you mean that if I’d like to get a smartphone I would have to work harder? Kim That’s right, Dave! In other words, If money for essentials was the same for f or everyone, life would be
fairer. Dave Ok, ok. I see what you mean.
2. MATCH THE SENTENCES HALVES AND TELL A CLASSMATE IF THEY ARE TRUE FOR 2. YOU.
3. I’ I’d d invest lots of money in education…
_____ a. I’d give half of my money to charity. _____ b. If my parents were rich. _____ c. I wouldn’t be able to stay in touch with friends.
4. I wouldn’t go to school…
_____ d. If I were the president of my country.
5. If I didn’t have a smart phone…
_____ e. I’d borrow it from my parents.
1.
If I needed some money…
2. If I were the richest person in the world…
3. COMPLETE THE “SAVING MONEY TIPS” WITH 3. YOUR OWN IDEAS. 1.
If you ate ______________________________________________
2. If you bought cheaper ______________________________________________ 3. If you shared______________________________________________ 4. If you illed up ______________________________________________ 5. If you didn’t go to ______________________________________________very
often
4. THINK ABOUT THE QUESTIONS BELOW AND MAKE NOTES. 4. ... there were no shops in your town?
What would you do if..
... you found a credit card dropped on the floor? ... the shop assistant gave you too much change? ... you saw someone stealing in a shop? ... you urgently needed some money to pay the rent?
5. LISTEN TO TWO PEOPLE TALKING ABOUT WHICH OF THEIR POSSESSIONS 5. THEY WOULD SELL TO GET SOME MONEY TO HELP UNEMPLOYED PEOPLE IN THEIR TOWN AND ANSWER THE QUESTIONS BELOW. 1.
Why is Jenny unhappy?
doesn’t have money a) she doesn’t
b) some people don’t have money for essentials
c) Dave has lost his job
b) worried
c) happy
b) to give money to the unemployed people
c) to tell them to look for a job
2. How does Dave feel about Jenny? a) upset 3. What do they suggest to do? a) to sell some of their belongings
4. How do they both feel about the idea? a) positive
b) pessimistic
c) worried
5. What relationship do Jenny and Dave have? a) friends
b) brother and sister
c) school mates
6. IMAGINE YOU DON’T HAVE ANY MONEY TO PAY THE UNIVERSITY FEES AND YOU 6. IMAGINE NEED TO SELL SOME OF YOUR POSSESSIONS. WHICH WOULD YOU SELL AND WHY? IN PAIRS LOOK AT THE ITEMS BELOW AND DISCUSS WHICH THREE YOU WOULD GET RID OF TO GET SOME MONEY TO PAY THE UNIVERSITY FEES AND EXPLAIN WHY YOU WOULD STOP HAVING THOSE POSSESSIONS.
LESSON E
AN OPINION ESSAY.
1. READ THE WRITING TASK AND THINK ABOUT THREE POSSIBLE WAYS YOU COULD 1. SPEND ONE MILLION PESOS.
If you had one million pesos, but you were not allowed to spend it on yourself, what would you do with it? Write an essay including three ideas giving reasons for your choices and mention what the results would be.
2. READ THE SAMPLE ESSAY. DOES IT SAY ANY IDEAS YOU WERE THINKING OF? 2. WHICH DO YOU THINK IS THE BEST IDEA? DISCUSS WITH A PARTNER.
If I had $1 million pesos, I would go crazy and find myself in trouble thinking about how to spend that money. However, I am sure I would spend that money properly on things that will really have a positive impact. First of all, I would donate half of the money to the local hospital, I know they urgently need some medical equipment, so they could get that equipment easily and help a lot of people if I gave them that money. Secondly, I would invest the 25% of that money in the local school. The classrooms in that school s chool are quite old and useless, I think if they used that money to get new equipment and renewed the classrooms, students would be very happy. Finally, I would use the rest of that money to donate it to a local sport center, I think it is important for people to have a good place to exercise and relax. Being healthy is part of being happy. To sum up, what I really want to do with that money is to improve people’s life in different ways. I hope these ideas could really help. It is not easy to decide what to do with that money, but it would be really rewarding.
3. ANSWER THE QUESTIONS ABOUT THE PARAGRAPH. 3. t here? 1. How many paragraphs are there? 2. In which paragraph does the writer refer to the three ideas on how to spend the money? 3. How does the writer inish the essay?
Writing Strategy When you write, avoid beginning your sentences with the same words, you can use a variety of expressions for introducing opinions (It seems to me…, In my opinion…,etc.) and for making additional points (Moreover…, What is more…, etc.), or use concession clauses (although… / even though…) at the beginning of a sentence.
4. IMAGINE THAT YOU HAVE $1 MILLION PESOS BUT YOU COULD NOT SPEND IT ON 4. YOURSELF. THINK OF THREE IDEAS TO SPEND IT. USE THE CHART BELOW TO MAKE NOTES. IDEAS
1. 1.
(50%)
Effect the money would have
Reasons for your choice
2. 2.
(30%)
3. 3.
(20%)
5. 5. WRITE AN ESSAY USING YOUR PLAN FROM EXERCISE 4. MAKE SURE YOU INCLUDE AN INTRODUCTION AND A CONCLUSION LIKE THE SAMPLE ESSAY IN EXERCISE 2.
•
Say what you would spend half of the money on.
•
Decide how you would spend the rest of the money.
• •
Explain what effect your ideas would have. Support your ideas.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ____________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ __________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ____________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ____________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ __________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ____________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ __________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ____________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ __________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ____________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ __________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ____________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ __________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ____________________________ __________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ____________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ __________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ____________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ __________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ____________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ __________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ____________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ __________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ____________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ __________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ____________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ __________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ____________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ____________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ __________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ____________________________
UNIT 10 Test
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GRAMMAR 1. CHOOSE THE CORRECT WORD TO COMPLETE THE SENTENCES. 1. If I were you, I ______________ buy that chair, it is too expensive. a) if
b) would b) would
c) wouldn’t
2. If I had a lot of money, I _______________ spend it on travelling, that’s my passion. a) if
b) would b) would
c) wouldn’t
3. I would help you if I _____________ free, but I am a bit busy now. a) if
b) were b) were
c) was
4. We would go to the movies _____________ we weren’t in quarantine. a) if
b) were b) were
c) was
5. If you weren’t that rude, you would _______________ a promotion. a) was
b) were b) were
c) get
VOCABULARY
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2. WRITE THE WORDS THAT THAT ARE MISSING IN THE SENTENCES. Superman has 1. 1. _________________, _________________, he can cure his wounds immediately. immediately. Sometimes I think my mom has 2. 2. ___________________ ___________________ power, she can make do things even when don’t want to do them.
When I am with my family I would like to have 3. 3. ______________ ______________ power and stop the time in that moment. Cooperate with the WHO to help them stop 4. 4. _______________ _______________ in poor African countries without enough food.
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In the area of Tula, 5. 5. ________________ ________________ is a great problem, they have a lot of fog during the day.
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READING 3. READ THE TEXT AND WRITE ON THE LINES THE SUBTITLES IN THE BOX.
A tragedy on the coast
Ownership change
Brief town’ town’s s overview
The engines’ journey
1. _________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ __________ Sitting at an altitude of 2, 2,700 700 meters, Real del Monte is a pretty town in the th e Mexican state of Hidalgo. But with its architecture, heritage of silver mining and meat pasties, it is also a little slice of Cornwall, a region in the southwest of England. 2. _______________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ ____ The silver mines surrounding Real del Monte were the source of more than half the silver produced during the 300 years that Spain ruled Mexico (15211821). By 1824, however, they were in bad condition, and were bought by a group of English investors. 3. _______________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ ____ To get the mines working again, the investors formed the Company of the Gentlemen Adventurers in the Mines of Real del Monte, and recruited more than 130 miners and engineers from Cornwall. When they arrived a year later in Veracruz, some never got any further, falling victim to an outbreak of yellow fever. 4. _________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ __ It took the others more than a year to reach Real del Monte, pulling their Cornish steam engines through marshes and rainforests with the help of donkeys. The famous engines were used to drain the water in the Cornish mines and would do the same job in Mexico, the mines in Pachuca and Real del Monte (oicially Mineral del Monte since 1869) had long been looded and badly needed modernizing. Adapted from: https://theconversation.com/the-history-of-real-del-monte-mexicos-little-slice-of-cornwall-83117
4. READ THE STATEMENTS AND DECIDE IF THEY ARE TRUE OR FALSE ACCORDING TO THE TEXT. 1.
Real del Monte has a strong British inluence.
T
F
2. Spanish took good care of the mines.
T
F
3. Many British citizens died before starting to work.
T
F
4. I was easy to transport machines to this town.
T
F
5. Real del Monte is not the town’s town’s oicial name
T
F
6. This is a good place to visit.
T
F
LISTENING
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5. LISTEN TO THE CONVERSATION AND ANSWER THE QUESTIONS 1. What is the relationship between the speakers? 2. Who travels the most? 3. Is “Feria de la Fruta” a common thing to see? Why? 4. Did one of them had a great time recently? 5. What is a problem for them to visit Grutas de Tolantogo? 6. How many sculptures are mentioned? Where are they located? 7. Who has visited Grutas de Tolantongo before? before?
WRITING
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6. WRITE A TEXT FOLLOWING THE INSTRUCTIONS. Imagine that you become the president of your country for a day, what actions would you do? Write about it, remember to use the second conditional; your text should be from 130 to 160 words.
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SPEAKING
7. ASK ONE OF YOUR CLASSMATES WHAT THEY WOULD DO IN THESE POSSIBLE SITUATIONS, THEN SWITCH ROLES.
Win the lottery. Find a bag full of money.
• Example: Q: What would you do if you won the lottery? A: If I won the lottery I would buy a big house and a Ferrari.
Obtain a superpower superpower.. Be a teacher. Travel anywhere.
TOTAL SCORE: _____ / 50
GRAMMAR REFERENCE UNIT 1 SIMPLE PRESENT. • Use the present simple to talk about:
1. Actions in our daily routine
2. Likes or dislikes
3. Facts that are always true
• She visits Real del Monte every weekend.
• We like regional
• A year lasts 365 days • A day lasts 34 hours
• They don't go to Pachuca
• She doesn't like typical
on Mondays.
food.
chocolate.
• Airmative
+
The present simple airmative form consists of the ininitive for for subjects I, you, we and they. they. I / You
visit Real del Monte every year
We / You / They
visit
Add -s to -s to the base form of the verb for sentences where the subject is he, she and it. He visits Real del Monte every month. She loves chocolate. It includes a lot of exercis exercises. es.
• Negative
-
Form the present simple negative form with: Form the subject (I, you, we, they) + do not/ don't + base form subject (he, she, it) + does not / doesn't + base form • Negative Full Form I / You
He / She / It
• Negative Short Form
do does
I / You
not visit Real del Monte
He / She / It
don't doesn't
visit Real del Monte every
every month. We / You / They
month. We / You / They
do
don't
• Questions
?
1. Form present simple questions with: do + subject (I, you, we, they) + base form does + subject (he, she, it) + base form 2. Form present simple positive short answers with: Yes, I / you / we they + do. Yes,, he Yes / she / it /+ does. 3. Form present simple negative short answers with: No, I / you / we / they + don't. No, he / she / it + doesn't. Do
I / You
Does
He / She / It
Do
We / You / They
• Positive Short Answers
visit Real del Monte every weekend?
• Positive Short Answers
Yes,
I / You
do
No,
I / You
don´t
Yes,
He / She / It
does
No,
He / She / It
doesn´t
Yes,
We / You / They
do
No,
We / You / They
don´t
1. CHANGE THE SENTENCES FROM POSITIVE TO NEGATIVE AND VICE VERSA. 1.
Emilio learns history about his state in his school.
Emilio Em ilio does not learn history about his state in his school.
2. People regularly visit Zimapan during summer. 3. Every year, Santiago de Anaya celebrates a fantastic gastronomic fair. 4. In Apan, Hidalgo, Charreria belongs to local folklore. 5. In Valle del Mezquital people scrape agave to obtain Pulque.
6. Pulque helps the immune system and also is an antioxidant. 7.
Hidalguenses eat pastes of different typical dishes.
ADVERBS OF FREQUENC FREQUENCY Y • Adverbs of frequency in simple present are used to say how often an action happens. • To ask someone about the frequency they do an activity, we use the question word “how + often”: How often do you go to the cinema? • Put adverbs of frequency before the main verb… I always listen to Mexican regional …but after the verb in to the be. afternoons. I'm usually at home
100% always Once: one time
95% usually
60% often
30% sometimes
0% never
Twice: two times
2. COMPLETE THE CONVERSATIONS WITH THE ADVERBS OF FREQUENCY IN THE BOX. 1. Carlos: How _______________ do you travel to the mountains of Hidalgo? Brenda: I go there _______________ because I go to visit my parents. parents.
2. Karla: Those cars _______________ look different. They have logos from Hidalgo. Hidalgo. Erik: Yes, they pass here at least _______________, there’s a famous car shop around the corner, that’s why.
3. Alan: Why do they _______________ argue about the same topic? It is very repetitive! 4. Bertha: I really like the t he library in my town, t own, I _______________ ind what I’m looking for. for. Adriana: My story is different, I _______________ ind useful information.
5. Juan: She _______________ talks about herself, do you know why? Roberto: Yes, Yes, she _______________ does it because she doesn’t speak Spanish.
PRESENT CONTINUOUS The present continuous tense is used to talk about • Actions happening right now I am doing my homework, please be quiet.
• Temporary situations We are taking lesson at home this term because of the pandemic.
• Airmative We form a sentence in present continuous tense with Subject + auxiliary verb “to be” + verb in gerund (ing form)
• Airmative
+
• Negative
• Interrogative
• I am taking piano lessons
• I am not reading that
• Are you taking online
• She is living abroad now
book; you can borrow it.
lessons?
?
• We are having a videoconference.
is not now; • She she starts instudying September. September .
• Is she watching a movie?
• They are not working because the factory is closed for inventory.
3. PUT THE WORDS IN THE CORRECT ORDER. 1. for / living / is / in Huichapan / mother / my / her job 2. favorite / her / cheering / at the stadium / she / is / team 3. the museum / remodelating / the government / is 4. I / family / dinner / having / am / my / with 5. touristic / visiting / not / People / attractions / are 6. reading / I / make / noise, / am / don't
SIMPLE PRESENT VS. PRESENT CONTINUOUS • We use the Simple Present to describe routines, likes and dislikes, general facts, or states. states. We use the Present Continuous to describe actions happening now and temporary situations. For Present Simple Use = subject = subject + verb / For Present Continuous use = subject + be + verb-ing.
• Simple Present Used for routines (the things people do every day or very often) • I wash the dishes every day.
• Simple Present Used for something happening now: • Harry is watching his favorite TV show (right now). • Don't interrupt. We're studying.
Used for likes and dislikes and with the verbs like, love, hate, can’t stand, don’t
Used
mind and enjoy.
situations:
• I like going to the movies with many friends.
• I'm taking a dance lesson this month. • My brother is living in Chicago this year.
Used for facts that are generally true at Lorem ipsum all times: • Doctors help patients. Use the present simple with adverbs of frequency. • People usually stand on the right side on the escalator escalator..
to
talk
about
temporary
Use the present continuous with now, at this moment, this week, these days, etc. • This week, we're going out every evening.
4. COMPLETE THE SENTENCES USING THE VERBS IN BRACKET BRACKETS. S. 1. I ____________________ (try) to upload the software to my robot. 2. Students ____________________ (use) their cell phones to search for technological gadgets. 3. I always ____________________ (do) my house chores in the evening but today I ____________________ (study) for my computing test.
4. They ____________________ (working) (working) in El cedral for for this summer and they ____________________ (say) it’s awesome. She ____________________ (live) in Tulancingo for this year, I can’t ____________________ (wait) to see her. 5. 6. Summer regularly ____________________ (bring) tourists to our magic town but weather conditions ____________________ (affect) our state.
Stative Verbs • Many verbs do not describe an action. Examples include be and hate. These verbs are called stative verbs. We usually use stative verbs in the simple present tense, NOT in the present continuous. • Stative verbs include most verbs that discuss what you know know,, think, or feel: feel: I love this cake, what you believe: believe: l believe in her , what you see or hear: I hear a noise! • What you own: own: I have a dog, dog, or just ways of being: being: I am enthusiastic. They don't talk about actions. • More stative verbs include: appear, include: appear, have, hear, hear, look, miss, see, smell, taste, t aste, think and weigh.
1.
I am believing social aspects are improving in Hidalgo.
I believe social aspects are improving improving in Hidalgo.
2. I think I am knowing your state more and more. 3. It is appearing to me that we are facing the digital era. 4. I am having a new computer at home. What about you? 5. What is that smell? It is smelling really bad. 6. I am hearing how the water is coming down from the basaltic prisms.
GRAMMAR REFERENCE UNIT 2 GOING TO • Use going to to make predictions for the future when future when you know or when you can see that something is going to happen based on an evidence. She is going to have a baby in January. / Look at that car! It’s going to crash into the building. Structure:
• Airmative full form 1st person
I
am
2nd person
You
are
3rd person
He / She / It
is
Plurals
We / You / They
are
1st person
I
‘m
2nd person
You
‘re
going to present a report
3rd person
He / She / It
‘s
tomorrow.
Plurals
We / You / They
‘re
1st person
I
am not
2nd person
You
are not
3rd person
He / She / It
is not
Plurals
We / You / They
are not
1st person
I
‘m not
2nd person
You
aren’t
3rd person
He / She / It
isn’t
Plurals
We / You / They
aren’t
going to present a report tomorrow.
• Airmative short form
• Negative full form
going to present a report tomorrow.
• Negative short form
• Airmative short form
going to present a report tomorrow.
1st person
Am
I
2nd person
Are
You
3rd person
Is
He / She / It
Plurals
Are
We / You / They
going to present a report tomorrow?
1. WHA 1. WHAT T IS GOING TO HAPPEN? WRITE A SENTENCE FOR EACH PICTURE.
The ship / hit / the rock.
He / fall / of his skateboard
It / rain / today.
He / miss / her.
WILL • Use will to make predictions for the future or when we express beliefs about the future with no evidence about it. It will be a nice day tomorrow. / I think Brazil will win the World Cup. STRUCTURE:
• Airmative full form 1st person
I
will
2nd person
You Yo u
will
3rd person
He / She / It
will
Plurals
We / You / They
will
I
will
• Airmative short form 1st person
go to the party tomorrow.
2nd person
You Yo u
will
3rd person
He / She / It
will
Plurals
We / You / They
will
1st person
I
‘ll
2nd person
You
‘ll
3rd person
He / She / It
‘ll
Plurals
We / You / They
‘ll
1st person
I
‘will not
2nd person
You
will not
3rd person
He / She / It
will not
Plurals
We / You / They
will not
1st person
Will
I
2nd person
Will
You
3rd person
Will
He / She / It
Plurals
Will
We / You / They
go to the party tomorrow.
• Negative full form
go to the party tomorrow.
• Negative short form
go to the party tomorrow.
• Airmative short form
go to the party tomorrow?
2. 2. COMPLETE THE SENTENCES WITH THE VERBS FROM THE BOX. love
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
rain
wear
send
win
buy
She _____________________________ her uniform tomorrow. tomorrow. I _____________________________ you forever. forever. The boss _____________________________ an email. My brother _____________________________ the food for the dinner. It _____________________________ tonight. My team _____________________________ the match.
3. COMPLETE THE SENTENCES WITH THE CORRECT FORM OF THE VERBS IN 3. BRACKETS. 1.
I missed the bus. I _____________________________ (arrive) late to the oice.
2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
This magazine says. I _____________________________ (meet) (meet) a a beautiful girl. Look those black clouds. It _____________________________ (rain) in any moment. I think my mother _____________________________ (make) the dinner tonight. I’m really tired, I _____________________________ (sleep) till late tomorrow. The lines on my hand say that I _____________________________ (live) (live) more more than 100 years.
PARALLEL STRUCTURE • Parallel structure means using the same pattern of words to show that two or more ideas have the same level of importance. This can happen at the word, phrase, or clause level. The usual way to join parallel structures is with the use of coordinating conjunctions such as and or or. Example:
• Parallel: Mary likes hiking, swimming, and riding a bicycle.
Parallel: I• think I’ll take a long nap, go ishing, or swim in the river.
• Not Parallel: Mary likes hiking, swimming, and to ride a bicycle.
• Not Parallel: I think I’ll take a long nap, go ishing, or swimming in the river.
• Its grammatical form can be used with a variety of structures including ininitives and ing form. Correct: Every morning, we make our bed, eat breakfast and feed the dog. Correct: Incorrect: Every morning, we make our bed, eating breakfast and feed the dog. Incorrect:
• Parallel structure with words that end in -ing. Correct: Joe Correct: Joe likes running, running, walking and being being active. Incorrect: Joe Incorrect: Joe likes running, running, walking and outdoor activities. activities.
3. ID 3. IDEN ENTI TIFY FY TH THE E MI MIST STAK AKE E AN AND D WR WRIT ITE E TH THE E CO CORR RREC ECT T SE SENT NTEN ENCE CE.. 1. 2. 3. 4. 1. 2. 3. 4.
Melisa enjoys hanging out with friends, take photos, and eating pizza. Elena and Santiago usually take the bus to school, have their classes, and going back on foot. Charlie is watching a TV show, show, painting his house and has video classes during the pandemic. My sister goes to the gym, have English classes, and takes music classes.
GRAMMAR REFERENCE UNIT 3 PRESENT PERFECT
We use the Present Perfect tense to talk about: • Events that started in the past and continue in the present. I have studied English for six months.
• Life experiences. Sharon has eaten traditional food from Huasca.
Past
Past
Present
Present
Future
Future
• Airmative form • Subject + have/has + verb (past participle) + complement. Maria has seen that movie. My parents have visited Los Atlantes in Tula. We use “already” “already” for for airmative sentences to talk about something that happened before now. • Subject + have/has + already + verb (past participle) + complement. I have already done my homework. We use “just” in airmative sentences to indicate that something happened a short time before. • Subject + have/has + just + verb (past participle) + complement. I have just had breakfast.
• Negative form • Subject + have/has not + verb (past participle) + complemen complement. t. They have not (haven’t) done their homework. He has not (hasn’t) eaten chinicuiles. We use “never” “never” in in airmative sentences with a negative intention, it means “at no time in the past” and it substitutes “not”. • Subject + have/has + never + verb (past participle) + complement. John and Alfred have have never gone birdwaching. birdwaching. We use “yet” use “yet” with with negative sentences to talk about something that has not happened but we expect to happen. • Subject + have/has not + verb (past participle) + complement + yet. He has not inished his project yet.
We use “still” “still” in in negative sentences to talk about something that has not happened but that we expected to happen soon. • Subject + still + have/has not + verb (past participle) + complement. She still hasn’t eaten.
• Yes/No Questions Have/Has + Subject + verb (past participle) + complement? Have you studied for the exam? We use “yet” “yet” with with questions to talk about something that has not happened but that we expected to happen. • Have/Has + Subject + verb (past participle) + complement + yet? Have you seen the movie yet? We use “ever” “ever” in in questions, and it means “at any time in the past”. • Have/Has + Subject + ever + verb (past participle) + complement? Have you ever played chess?
• Wh-Questions • Wh- Q + have/has + Subject + verb (past participle) + complement? What have you done? We use “for” “for” to to indicate the amount of time the the activity took. Mary has studied English for 2 years. We use “since” to “since” toEnglish indicate the 2018 action began. Mary has studied since
1. COMPLETE THE SENTENCES WITH THE VERBS IN THE PARETHESES IN THE CORRECT FORM. Mark: Hey! ______________ ever ______________ visit) “Prismas Basálticos” in Hidalgo? Mark: Robert: No I ______________ (be) there yet. Robert: Mark: You should go, it is a beautiful place, I used to go often with my family, but then we moved and I Mark: ______________ (travel / not) for a long time. Robert: So, you are not from here? Mark: No, I used to live in Pachuca but then we moved here, to Tula, I ______________ (live) since six years ago. Mark: Robert: Oh I see, I ______________ (leave / not) my hometown, I hope to do it soon to see new things. Robert: Mark: I’m sure you will.
2. COMPLETE THE SENTENCES WITH ONE OF THESE WORDS EVER, NEVER, FOR OR SINCE. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Have you _________________ had picnics in the forest? They have played together as a band _________________ ive years. I haven’t seen a UFO _________________ I was 15 years. I have _________________ gone birdwatching birdwatching.. Have you _________________ suffered from chicken pox?
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
Laura hasn’t written a post in her blog _________________ last month. Has he _________________ won a chess contest? Have you _________________ tried a delicacy dish? I have ished trout _________________ a long time. My great grandfather has been in the graveyard _________________ 1990.
3. CHOOSE THE WORD THAT BEST COMPLETES EACH SENTENCE. 1.
Are you _____ here? Didn't you have have to attend a meeting at 6:00? a) yet
b) still
c) already
d) just d) just
2. I feel sorry about Jenny. She hasn’t been to Paris ____. She would really like to visit it. a) yet
b) still
c) already
d) just
3. Ca you believe it? My friends have ____ inished the exam. It took them a few minutes. a) yet
b) still
c) already
d) just
a) yet
b) still
c) already
d) just
4. You can’t be hungry again. You’ve _____ had a T-bone for lunch. 5. Oh my God! It’s already 7:00a.m. and Mary _____ hasn’t arrived to school. a) yet
b) still
c) already
d) just
h ave _____ gotten married. You can call them Mr. And Mrs. Smith. 6. John and Kate have a) yet
7.
b) still
c) already
d) just
Jeff hasn’t quit his job at school ____. He continues working there; I saw him in the t he morning. a) yet
b) still
c) already
d) just
8. Minutes become longer than hours when you ______ haven’t inished your homework and you want to go out. a) yet
b) still
c) already
d) just
a) yet
b) still
c) already
d) just
9. Where is Susan? She’s _____ left; she was here a minute ago.
10. Have you eaten ______? I´m really hungry, and I´m in the mood for tacos. a) yet
b) still
c) already
d) just
4. COMPLETE THE RULES WITH THE WORDS FROM THE BOX AND WRITE 1 EXAMPLE FOR EACH ONE. or
1.
already
since
just
still
yet
We use the word _______________ in airmative sentences with present perfect to emphasize that an action was completed.
2. We use the word _______________ in questions or negative sentences to emphasize that an action hasn’t been completed but will be completed in the time to come.
3. We use the word _______________ in airmative sentences to indicate that an action was completed a short time before the present.
4. We use the word _______________ to express the duration of an action that began in the past and continues in the present in years, months, days, hours or even minutes and seconds.
5. We use the word _______________ to express the starting point of an action that began in the past and continues in the present.
6. We use the word _______________ right after the subject to indicate that an action hasn’t been completed and it’s it’ s taking longer than what we expected.
GRAMMAR REFERENCE UNIT 4 PAST PAS T SIMPLE SIMP LE Uses: • We use the Past Simple to talk about:
Actions that happened in the past and we emphasize when and where they happened. We use time expression as last night, yesterday, two days ago, etc. I moved to Tula Last Year.
Past
Present
Future
• When the action started in the past and has already inished. Actions one after the other. I woke up, then I took a shower and after that I had breakfast.
Past
Present
Future
PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE We use the Present Perfect Simple to talk t alk about: • The importance of what happened in the past, we don’t need to know when or where it happened. Sophie has been to Pachuca.
Past
Present
• Actions that started in the past but they are still true in the present. We have studied English for two months.
Future
Past
Present
Future
1. READ THE TEXT AND IDENTIFY THE SENTENCES IN PAST SIMPLE AND PRESENT 1. PERFECT, THEN WRITE THEM IN THE CHART BELOW. Hi my name is Robert Straffon, I am from Real del Monte, my great-grandf great-grandfather ather was an English miner, he came from Cornwall, Cornwall, UK. He used to tell my grandfather many stories and legends about this beautiful place. Actually, my father has told us many of them too. The most remarkable story for me is “The English Clown” whose name was Richard Bell, he came to Mexico by himself because he didn’t achieve fame fame in England, he installed a circus in the area and people loved him; therefore, therefore, he asked to be buried in the English Cemetery and his tomb is the only one whose back has been set in direction to England. People say that the English Clown’s soul has wandered every night through the cemetery since the day he died and that he just makes himself visible to the people who are pure of spirit making them laugh with funny jokes, but those whose heart is evil, see spooky shadows and hear eerie sounds that makes them feel terriied.
SIMPLE PAST
PRESENT PERFECT
He came came from Cornwall
2. CHOOSE THE CORRECT OPTION TO COMPLETE THE SENTENCES. 2. visited/have e visited visited Huasca Huasca last month. 1. I visited/hav hear legends of Hidalgo? 2. Have you heard/Did you hear legends seen/seen goblins in my garden. 3. I have seen/seen goblins
4. 5. 6. 7. 8.
They don’t think Rosa has seen/saw a seen/saw a witch yesterday. We travelled/have travelled to travelled to Real del Monte many times this year. Diego has already visited/ visited/already already visited this visited this mine twice this month. Have I told/Did I tell you tell you the legend of “La Aparecida” the last time we met? They have never returned/didn’t return to return to the cemetery since that day day..
REFLEXIVE PRONOUNS The relexive pronouns are used when: • The subject and the object refer to the same person.
• We want to emphasize who did the action. • We add the preposition “by” before the relexive pronoun when we want to mention that the subject did the action alone.
We don’t use relexive pronouns after: • Verbs which describe what people usually do for themselves or routines, for example: - I take a shower. - She brushes her teeth.
• Prepositions of place.
Subject Pronoun
Relexive Pronoun
I
Myself
You
Yourself
He
Himself
She
Herself
It
Itself
They We
Ourselves Ourselves
You
Yourselves
They
Themselves
3. FIND THE MISTAKE RELATED TO REFLEXIVE PRONOUNS AND REWRITE THE 3. SENTENCES IN THE SPACE PROVIDED.
SIMPLE PAST 1. She can’t solve the equation itself because it’s very diicult!
2. Yesterday I spilled coffee on herself!
3. He actually loves eating myself, he doesn’t like company.
4. Mary burned itself with the matches.
5. The dog hurt herself playing.
6. She can’t solve the equation itself because it’ it’ss very diicult! 7. We can do the task himself, wo don’t need any help.
8. My grandma can’t turn on my computer myself.
PRESENT PERFECT
9. Victor, Mary, you can work on the project yourself, I trust you.
10. Elias taught by himself how to ix cars.
GRAMMAR REFERENCE UNIT 5 ADJECTIVES AND ADVERBS Adjectives are words that we use to describe nouns (objects, people, places, and other things). That is a pretty house. She a big. beautiful poem. Theirwrote dog is • Adverbs are words that usually describe actions (verbs) and adjectives and also other adverbs. She walked home slowly. We usually go camping on Sundays. The tower was incredibly tall. • Adverbs that describe actions, can be easily identiied because they normally respond to the questions how, when, where, why, to what extent, and how often. How does she walk? She walks slowly. When are you coming home? I’m coming home soon. • Adverbs that describe adjectives usually respond to the question how+ adjective. How tall is the tower? It is incredibly tall. • Many adverbs are formed by adding “-ly” at the end of some adjectives, if the adjective ends in “-e”, we eliminate it and add “-ly”, if the adjective ends in “y”, we substitute the “-y” by an “i” and add “-ly”
Adjective
Adverb
Easy
Easily
Incredible
Incredibly
Slow
Slowly
Beautiful
Beautifully
Normal
Normally
• Even though most adjectives can be transformed into adverbs by adding “-ly” there are a few we call “Irregular” that do not take “-ly” to become adverbs such as: Adjective
Adverb
Good
Well
Hard
Hard
Fast
Fast
Early
Early
Wrong
Wrongly/Wrong
Late
Late
• Note that in spite of the fact that “Lately” and “Hardly” exist as words, their intention is different from “Hard” and “Late” as adverbs. • It is also important to mention that irregular adverbs are only a few but as you already know there are other adverbs like “yet” “already” “ever” “never” “still” or “just” that do not come from adjectives.
COMPARATIVE ADJECTIVES AND ADVERBS When we need to compare two things, places or people (nouns) we need to create the comparative form of adjectives, to do this there are rules that we normally follow, follow, no matter the kind of adjective, we always use the word “than” after the comparative adjective. Rules
Examples
When adjectives are one syllable long, we add -er at the end, if the adjective already ends in -e, we only ad -r,
Nice-Nicer than… Small-Smallerr than… Small-Smalle Cheap- Cheaper than…
When adjectives are one syllable long and they are formed by a Consonant, a Vowel and a Consonant, (CVC) we double the last consonant and add -er.
Fat - Fatter than… Big- Bigger than… Hot- Hotter than…
When adjectives are two or more syllables long, we DO NOT add -er, but instead we use the t he word “more” before the adjective, like in Spanish.
Intelligent- More intelligent than… Indulgent- More indulgent than… Conceited- More conceited than…
When adjectives end in -y, we substitute the -y with and -i and add -er. In this case, the number of syllables is unimportant.
Pretty- Prettier than… Happy- Happier than… Unhealthy- Unhealthier than…
There are irregular adjectives this means that to from the comparative we do not follow the previous rules, they transform into different words that we need to memorize.
Good- Better than.. Bad- Worse than… Far- Farther/Further than… Fun- More fun than…
• When we compare two things objects or people, we normally use the following structure: Subject + verb + comparative adjective+ adjective+ than+ object. Rosa is older than Ricardo / Ixmiquilpan is hotter than Real del Monte. / Water is healthier than soda. Aiko is more more intelligent than Mario. / Yo You u are better better than me at at tennis. • When we compare how actions are or were performed, we use the comparative form of adverbs, the rules we follow are: Rules
Examples
For adjectives ending in “-ly” use the word “more” before them.
Slowly - More slowly… Intensely - More intensely intensely… … Nicely - More nicely…
Irregular adverbs adverbs which do not end in “-ly” use “-er” at the end.
Fast- faster Hard- harder
Late- later Some other irregular adverbs do not take “-er” at the end to form the comparative.
Badly-worse Far- farther/further Well- better
Ana, please speak speak more slowly ! / Can you run faster ? / That actor did it worse than the irst one.
EQUALITY AND INEQUA INEQUALITY LITY • When we compare two things, people or places, we can emphasize that they are equal in a characteristic or that they are not equal, to do this, we follow this structure: subject + verb + as + adjective in simple form + as + object. Rosa is as tall as Ricardo. This means that Rosa and Ricardo are equally tall. Ricardo is not as old as Rosa. Rosa. This This means that Rosa and Ricardo are not equally old, we can use the comparative form here to give further detail: Ricardo is not as old as Rosa, Rosa is older than him.
SUPERLATIVE ADJECTIVES AND ADVERBS • When we need to compare three or more things, places or people (nouns) in order to indicate which is the “number one” in a category, we need to create the superlative form of adjectives, to do this there are rules that we normally follow. Rules
Examples
When adjectives are are one syllable long, we add the article “The” before it and -est at the end, if the adjective already ends in -e, we only ad -st.
Nice- The nicest… Small-The smallest… Cheap- The cheapest…
When adjectives are one syllable long and they are formed by a Consonant, a Vowel and a Consonant, (CVC) we double the last consonant and add -est, we also add “The” before the adjective.
Fat - The fattest… Big- The biggest… Hot- The hottest…
When adjectives are two or more syllables long, we DO NOT add -est, but instead we use the words “The most” before the adjective, like in Spanish.
Intelligent-The most intelligent… Intelligent-The Indulgent- The most indulgent… Conceited- The most conceited…
When adjectives end in -y, we substitute the -y with and -i and add -est. In this case, the number of syllables is unimportant.
Pretty- The prettiest… Happy- The happiest… Unhealthy- The unhealthiest…
There are irregular adjectives this means that to from the superlative, we do not follow the previous rules, we need to memorize them, however it is necessary to include the article “The” before the adjective.
Good- The best.. Bad- The worst… Far- The farthest /furthest… Fun- The most fun…
• When we compare three or more things objects or people, in order to decide which is the “number one” one” in a category, we normally use the following structure: Subject + verb+ superlative adjective + noun + reference group. Rosa is the oldest person person in the classroom. / Ixmiquilpan is the hottest place place in the region.
Water is the healthiest thing thing you can drink. / Aiko is the most intelligent girl girl I’ve ever met. You are the best tennis tennis player at school. • When we compare using superlatives, we usually use a reference group, group, if we do not mention it, it is normally implied, reference groups can be physical (locations) or they can be our own experience, some physical
reference groups include: At school, At home, At work, In the oice , In the state, In Hidalgo, In Mexico, In The country, In the world, In the classroom, On the Internet, etcetera. • We can also use our own experience as a reference group, to do this we normally use the present perfect and the adverb “ever”: I’ve ever seen, I’ve ever been to, I’ve ever heard, I’ve ever eaten, etcetera. We can also use expressions like: that you can + verb.
• Additionally we can use the phrases one of the / some of the before the superlative superlative adjective to indicate that there is a “top” of things and that the one we talk about is part of it: Tulancingo Tu lancingo is one of the most developed cities in Hidalgo. Guajolotes are some of the tastiest dishes you can eat in Hidalgo. • When we say which actions are or were the “number one” or the most intense, we use the superlative form of adverbs, the rules we follow are:
Rules
Examples
For adjectives ending in “-ly” use the word “The most” before them.
Slowly- The most slowly… Intensly- The most intensely… Nicely- The most nicely…
Irregular adverbs adverbs which do not end in “-ly” use “-est” at the end.
Fast- The fastest… Hard- The hardest… Late- The latest…
Some other irregular adverbs do not take “-est” at the end to form the comparative.
Badly-the worst Far- The farthest/furthest Well- The best
Ana ran the slowest ! That’s why she lost the race. Victor ate the fastest, that’s why he felt sick. That actor did it the worst.
1. 1. COMPLETE THE FOLLOWING CHART BY TURNING THE ADJECTIVES INTO THE FOLLOWING FORMS. Adjective
Comparative Form
Superlative Form
Adverb
happy good slow intense interesting good bad
2. COMPLETE THE STATEMENTS WITH THE SUPERLATIVE FORM OF THE WORDS IN THE 2. BOX.
Bright
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.
Hot
Cold
Large
Hospitable Hospitab le
Intensely
Tall
Near
Relective
Far
Venus is _____________________ planet in the solar system. The earth is _________________________ planet in the solar system. Venus is the planet that shines _____________________ in the solar system. Neptune is the _____________________ planet from the sun. Olympus Mons on Mars is _____________________ mountain in the solar system. The sun is not _____________________ star in the Milky Way. Andromeda is _____________________ galaxy to the Milky Way. Way. Ganymede and Titan are the two _____________________ natural satellites in the solar system.
_____ ________________ bodies in the solar system. 9. The white icy surface of Enceladus makes it one of the _____________________ 10. The south pole of the moon, Pluto and Triton are some of the _____________________ places in the solar system.
3. COMPLETE THE SENTENCES WITH THE CORRECT COMPARATIVE FORM OF THE WORDS IN BRACKETS. 1. 2. 3. 4.
The Tephé is ___________ ___________ (crowded) in summer ___________ in winter winter.. Sonia feels ___________ ___________ (good) yesterday, yesterday, the rest help her. Huichapan has a ______________ (hot) weather ___________ Pachuca. I have to take my decisions ___________ ___________ (carefully).
5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
Which town do you think is ___________ ___________ ____ _______ (picturesque), Real del Monte or Huasca de Ocampo? Ocampo? Sofía dances ___________ ___________ ___________ (beautifully) Carolina. This movie is ___________ ___________ ___________ (fun) the one we saw last week. The students answered the test ___________ ___________ ___________ (quickly) last partial. Ricardo’s car is ___________ ___________ (fast) Juan’s car. Group A behaves ___________ ___________ (bad) group B.
GRAMMAR REFERENCE UNIT 6 MODAL VERBS Modal vebs are different from regular verbs and are used for different functions and they are presented in these charts.
ABILITY/ INABILITY/ PERMISSION PRESENT
PAST
CANCAN´T / AMISARE (NOT) ABLE TO
COULD- COULDN´T / WAS -WERE (NOT) ABLE TO
• My sister can speak four languages. • Maria is able to perform clown tricks. • Mike is able to make amazing draws.
• My grandfather could run on marathons
• Raul is not able to drive so fast.
igure at 5 years old. • Marian could get a better job
when he was younger.
• Santiago was able to make an origami
• Lili couldn’t cook the cake
OBLIGATION H A V E TO
M U ST
We use have to for expressing external obligations in present or future:
We use must, must, to to express personal obligation, duty or assumption in present or future:
• The policemen have to wear uniforms. • The new student has to be here early.
• I must clean my room to become an organized person.
PROHIBITION MUST NOT / MUSTN’T Expresses prohibition in the present or future.
• You mustn t turn on the cellphone on a take-up t ake-up light. • You mustn’t keep your hands dirty. • We must not smoke in the school, it is forbidden. • Our school lab must not have the door open during practices. players must not kick the ball, it is against the rules. • In basketball, players
NO OBLIGATIONS DON’T / DOESN’T HAVE TO Expresses that the action is not an obligation or a prohibition, it is a choice. • You don’t have to help me with my homework if you are too busy. • My clothes don’t have to be expensive to be nice. • The cat doesn’t have to come into the house every night, he can sleep outside.
ADVICE/OPINION SHOULD, SHOULDN’T, OUGHT (NOT) TO You should read the new version about that old book • We use them to ask for and give advice: Should I ask Juan to help me with this exercise exercise? ?
• WE USE THEM TO EXPRESS OPINION: Manuel should be more more careful when he drives his motorcycle. motorcycle.
• WE USE THEM TO MAKE A SUGGESTION: You should really really go hiking to Peñas Cargadas in Hidalgo. It´s great!
• WE USE THEM TO EXPRESS MILD OBLIGATION: The whole class ought to attend the ZOOM’ ZOOM’s conference on time. time.
1. READ THE SENTENCES AND COMPLETE WITH THE CORRECT MODAL AND USE THE VERBS IN PARENTH PARENTHESIS. ESIS. 1. 2. 3. 4.
Last week we ____________________ swimming, this week we can't. (to go)
5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
Dennis ____________________ the trumpet after four months. (to play) Luke has not passed his driving test, now he ____________________ a car. (to drive)
Maybe the Smiths ____________________ a new house next year. (to build) If you try hard, you ____________________ ________ ____________ your examinations. (to pass) When I was ive, I ____________________. (to swim)
I ____________________ to him on the phone for three weeks last month. (not/to speak) Alex ____________________ his homework when his desk is in such a mess. (to mess. (to do) They were so busy, they____________________ me. (to text) Lisa ____________________ her dress. She can wear it again. (to again. (to clean)
2. FILL IN THE BLANKS WITH MUST – MUSTN’T OR DON’T /DOESN’T HAVE TO 1.
I ____________________ eat junk food if I want to be healthy.
2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12.
You ____________________ bring your lap, we can borrow one from the library. You I ____________________ be careful during the exam. Otherwise, I can’t be successful. We ____________________ cross the road when it's a red light You Yo u ____________________ wear a uniform at this school, it is your choice. My mother ____________________ get up too early. Because she doesn’t work. I ____________________ inform my boss that I will be late to work. You Yo u ____________________ eat this, I can cook something else for you. My father always reminds me that I ____________________ study more. You Yo u ____________________ wear school uniform in this school. It is obligatory for students. Sheila ____________________ wear her cap You Yo u ____________________ make noise at night.
You ____________________ be careful while you are driving. 13. You 14. My ideal house _____________________ too big, it should be just comfortable. 15. We ____________________ cut the trees if we want to earn money.
3. COMPLETE THE SENTENCES WITH SHOULD S HOULD,, SHOULDN’T OR OUGHT TO 1. 2. 3. 4.
You Yo u look tired, you ____________________ go to bed. I think the government ____________________ to more to reduce crime. You Yo u ____________________ work so hard. you will be sick. Don’t be stupid. you ____________________ believe everything in the newspaper newspaper..
5. 6. 7. 8.
Do you think I ____________________ apply for this job?. I wonder where Liz is, she ____________________ be here by now. now. That’ss a terrible thing to say That’ say.. you ____________________ _____________ _______ be ashamed of yourself. Chris and Amy ight all time. I don't think they ____________________ get married.
GRAMMAR REFERENCE UNIT 7 MIGHT, MAY, AND COULD TO TALK ABOUT PROBABILITY We use might, may and could to talk to talk about the possibility of something in the present or in the future or when we are not sure something is going to happen in the future. Here are some more examples that will help you understand better:
+ AFFIRMATION • I might go to the cinema this afternoon • He is travelling in Eastern Europe. He may be in Ukraine by now. • We could have problems tomorrow if the traic is too heavy.
• There is no difference at all for these three sentences, using anyone depends on the person. • When talking about the form: we use might/may/could + bare ininitive (without “to”) with “to”) with all the personal pronouns or any subject. Here are some more examples: The structure could be unstable after the earthquake There might be delays due to the accident I may be able to help you when I inish with this
We use might not/ may not when when expressing negation, but couldn’t / could not cannot cannot be used in this case, it is important to mention that couldn’t / could not is is used to indicate that something is impossible.
Notice how may not and might not have have no contraction and it is not common to see someone using it neither. Here are some more examples that will help you understand the differences better.
NEGATION • Many people may not be willing to commute for an hour • It might not be as bad as they say • There couldn’t be any available seat today (impossible)
When making questions, we can use the three of them following the structure: might/May/Could + subject + bare ininitive (without “to”) but it is less common than using Do you think + subject + might/may/could + bare ininitive (without “to”). Here are some more examples that will help you understand the differences better. Less common: Might/may/could she be interested? More common: Do you think she might/may/could be interested?
1. CHOOSE THE CORRECT OPTION TO COMPLETE THE SENTENCES 1. 1.
I am really hungry I might/couldn’t go for a hamburger. might/couldn’t go
2.
The concert was sold out one month ago, you might not / couldn’t buy a ticket online by now.
3.
They say Math is really diicult, but I think it could not / may not be not be that way.
4.
you brother come to help us? Couldn’tt / could Couldn’ could you
5.
I had a bad experience at that store, I could not / may not buy not buy there again.
6.
Your grades could / couldn’ couldn’tt be the best for the next teem if you make a good effort.
7.
We could / might face problems of we don’t take immediate action.
MUST
+ AFFIRMATIVE This modal is used when we want to express an obligation or something that is considered important or necessary: Example: A soldier must must obey orders. You must be here before 8 o’clock tomorrow To express an airmativ airmative e deduction or an assumption about something. Example: Lucia must have a problem with her boss. He must be at home.
NEGATION MUST NOT - MUSTN’T The negative form of must, is used to express a prohibition. Example: You musn’t smoke here. Basketballers must not kick the ball.
2. 2. MARK IF THE STATEMENT IS AN OBLIGATION, AN ASSUMPTION OR A PROHIBITION.
Obligation
Assumption
Prohibition
1. Patricia didn’t come to work, she must be sick. 2. You must not park in front of the school’s front door, it is forbidden.
3. I must do my homework to get good grades. 4. I think I saw my dad at school but he is working, I must be wrong.
5. I must show my ID at the school entrance every day or I cannot access.
6. A cellphone must not be underwater, it voids the warranty.
7. My father must help my mom at home. 8. My dog must not bite my shoes, but he must be deaf because he keeps doing it.
WATCH OUT! MIGHT NOT VS. COULD NOT
Although might and could express possibility in a similar way, way, the negative forms of might and could are different. Might not shows that something probably is not true. Example: These books might not be the teachers. Might not shows that something probably will not happen in the future. Example: I might not go to the party tonight.
Could not shows that something is impossible. Example: This could not be the only book available. Example: She could not know who my friend is. They have never met.
GRAMMAR REFERENCE UNIT 8 MODAL VERBS Passive structures are used when we want to focus the sentence in the action rather than the person or what carries out the action: is painted is painted The house Different languages are spoken are spoken in the conference
To introduce the person or what carries out the action use the preposition by only when is necessary or important to mention. These jeans were designed by Versace Versace The house was built by famous famous architects in the city
We from the passive with the verb: verb: To be + past participle form of the main verb
PRESENT AM / IS / ARE + PAST PARTICIPLE VERB FORM Monterrey is is located located at the north of Mexico Monterrey isn’t Monterrey isn’t located located at at the north of Mexico Is Monterrey Monterrey located located at at the north of Mexico? Yes it it is is / / No, it it isn´t Flowers are sold sold in in Xochimilco Flowers aren’t sold in Xochimilco sold in Are lowers sold sold in in Xochimilco? Yes, they are are / / No, they aren’t
PAST WAS / WERE + PAST PARTICIPLE VERB FORM The movie movie was was directed directed by by Alfonso Cuaron. The movie wasn’t wasn’t directed directed by by Alfonso Cuaron. Was the Was the movie directed directed by by Alfonso Cuaron? Yes, it was / No, it wasn’t was / Houses were were made made of of stone by ancient civilizations
Houses weren’t weren’t made made of of stone by ancient civilizations Were houses Were houses made made of of stone by ancient civilizations? Yes, they were were / / No, they weren’t weren’t
WH- QUESTIONS When were lowers sent ? were lowers sent? What was was found found in in the pyramids pyramids? ? Where is is Paris Paris located located? ? What is is celebrated celebrated on on February? Who was was the the house built built by? by?
1. USE THE VERBS TO COMPLETE THE SENTENCES IN THE PASSIVE FORM OF SIMPLE 1. PRESENT, FOLLOW THE EXAMPLE. Example:
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.
Coffee is grown in Coffee is grown in Chiapas
Cars ____________________ in Germany. A birthday cake ____________________ by my sister yesterday. yesterday.
ride manufacture read
Bikes ____________________ in Netherland. “Barbacoa”____________________ in Hidalgo.
eat
Science books____________________ by thousand readers.
make
Cellphones ____________________ in China.
assemble grow
The song “El Triste ____________________ by José José.
sing
2. USE THE TABLE TO MAKE SENTENCES IN PAST PASSIVE TENSE. FOLLOW THE 2. EXAMPLE. America was discovered by Christopher Columbus
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
America Eiffel Tower
Christopher Columbus
Penicilline
locate
In France
Lightbulb
create
Alexander Fleming
Iphone Atezca Lagoon
discover
In Molango Apple Inc Tomas Alba Edison
3. 3. ORDER THE WORDS TO MAKE QUESTIONS. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
was / Where / made / book / your?
____________________________________________________________________
built / your / was / When / university?
____________________________________________________________________
made / of / is / your / What / house / material? ____________________________________________________________________ favorite / ilmed / your / movie / Where / was? ____________________________________________________________________ was / Who / song / your / sung / by / favori favorite? te? ____________________________________________________________________
4. ANSWER THE QUESTIONS IN EXERCISE 3 WITH YOUR OWN IMFORMATION USING 4. PRESENT OR PAST PASSIVE TENSE. 1. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
2. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
3. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
4. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
5. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
GRAMMAR REFERENCE UNIT 9 LESSON: ZERO CONDITIONAL We use the zero conditional to talk about things things which which are 99% of the times true true or or to show scientiic show scientiic facts.
IMPORTANT DETAILS
• When the sentence starts with “if” with “if” or with the conditional clause, it clause, it must be separated with a “coma” “coma” ( , ) and ) and the result clause comes clause comes after after it. it. Example: If Example: If you notice I'm sad, stay around. ---------- Stay around if you notice I'm sad. Difference about using Difference using “if or when” when” in conditional sentences. “if” could could suggest suggest that the situation happens less often. often. Take a look at the example. • Using “if” Example: I usually give myself an hour to get ready to go to work, but if I wake up late, thenI Example: I skip breakfast and I just have a glass of milk. milk. (it doesn't happen very often).
• Using “when” “when” could could suggest that the situation happens just happens just a little more frequently: frequently: Now see the example below. Example; It's hard for me to wake up in the morning. When When I I wake up really late, I eat a quick breakfast or I eat fruit on my way to work. Grammar Structure: If + Present simple (conditional clause) + present simple (result clause). Don't clause). Don't forget to apply the the rules of the 3rd person in person in case you need it.
Examples:
In a marathon, if you reach the inish line before everyone everyone else, you win the t he irst place. (true)
Aff
If a person commits a crime, Does he go go to to jail? (for sure 99% of the times)
Inf
If you don't drink enough water daily, you won't have good health (Scientiic Fact)
Neg
LESSON: 1st CONDITIONAL When we want to talk about events events in the future future with a real possibility possibility of happening, we use the irst conditional.
IMPORTANT DETAILS “if” or or with the conditional clause, it clause, it must be separated with • When the sentence starts with “if” a “coma” ( , ) and ) and the the result clause comes after after it. it.
Example: If you inished this before me, would you wait for me? ---------Example: If -------- -- Would you wait for me if you inished before me? Difference about Difference about using “if or when” in when” in conditional sentences.
• Using Using “if” “if” could suggest suggest that the situation happens less often. often. Ta Take ke a look at the example. Example: I usually give myself an hour to get ready to go to work, but if I woke up late, then I would skip breakfast and I´d just have a glass of milk. (it milk. (it doesn't happen very often)
• Using “when” “when” could could suggest suggest that that the situation happens just happens just a little more frequently: frequently: Now Now see the example below. Example: When Example: When I I was a teenager it was hard for me to wake up in the morning. When morning. When I I woke up really late, I ate a quick breakfast or I ate fruit on my way to school. Grammar Structure: If Structure: If + Present simple (conditional clause) + future tense (result clause).
Examples:
If you don't call me after 20 minutes, I won't doubt to call the police (real police (real possibility)
Neg
If your father buys a new car, will he let you drive it? (real possibility in a question)
Inf
If our Teacher gives us just a little homework, we´ll be able to play xbox later. (real situation)
Aff
LESSON: PAST REAL CONDITIONAL This conditional is used to express things that we were forced, accustomed or tended to do when we were in certain situations but now we aren't anymore because our habits have changed.
IMPORTANT DETAILS “if” or or with the conditional clause, it must be separated with • When the sentence starts with “if” a “coma” ( “coma” ( , ) and ) and the result clause comes clause comes afte afterr it.
Example: In the late eighties and early nineties, if you needed to send a copy of an important Example: In document to someone who was far away, you had to use a fax machine ---------- In the late eighties and early nineties, you had to use a fax machine if you needed to send a copy of an important document to someone who was far away. away. Difference about Difference about using “if or when” in when” in conditional sentences. “if” could could suggest suggest that that the situation happens less often. Take a look at the example. • Using “if” Example: In my early teens, if I had good grades at school, my parents took me to Six Flags at the end of the year with some friends. f riends. (most of the times I went to Six Flags).
• Using “when” could suggest suggest that that the situation happens just a little more frequently: Now see the example below. Example: History was always a diicult subject for me, but when Example: when I had good grades, my parents took me to Six Flags at the end of the year with some friends. (it happened only twice).
Grammar Structure: Past simple (conditional clause) + past simple or used to + passive voice ( not common but possible).
Examples:
2027: In the year 2020, if you needed to enter to a bank, you had to wear your mask 2027: In
Aff
When you were 10 years old and if you needed money, what did you do to get it?
Inf
IMy grandfather told me that If his brothers and him didn't make their beds irst, they weren't allowed to have breakfast
Neg
GRAMMAR REFERENCE UNIT 10 STUDY THESE EXAMPLES
If I were not a teacher, I would be a scientist.
Facts: I am a teacher. I am not a scientist.
We would live in Mars if we ruined the Earth.
Facts: We haven’t ruined the Earth (yet), therefore, we do not live in Mars.
If we lived in France, we would learn French
Facts: We don’t live in France. We don’t learn
more easily.
French easily.
What would you do if you found a lot of money?
Fact: You haven’t found a lot of money.
If you didn’t study so much, you wouldn’t get
Facts: You study so much, that’s why you get
excellent notes.
excellent notes.
If we weren’t locked at home, we could go on
Facts: We are locked at home. We cannot go on
vacation.
vacation.
Would you take up a hobby if you had free time?
Facts: You have no free time.
All these sentences express ideas contrary to real facts. They express situations contrary to reality, suppositions about certain situations. They consist of two clauses, the IF CLAUSE and the RESULT CLAUSE. The IF CLAUSE uses past forms, but they refer to present situations. This is how English expresses these ideas. The RESULT CLAUSE uses WOULD or COULD. They express the result of the supposed situations. In IF CLAUSES, the form of the verb BE is WERE, but people informally might also use WAS. WAS. • If he were a better student, he would deinitely get better notes. • If he was a better student, he would deinitely get better notes.
1. COMPLETE THESE PARAGRAPH USING THE CORRECT FORMS OF THE VERBS IN PARENTHESES.
What would happen if the sun died? In this situation, irst, the sun (1) sun (1) __________________________ __________________________ (run out) of fuel in its interior. If the fuel (2) __________________________ (2) __________________________ (run out), the thermonuclear reactions that enable the sun to shine (3) (3) __________________________
(end).. (end)
If
this
(4)
__________________________
(happen), (happen),
it
(5) (5)
__________________________ (turn) (turn) into into a Red Giant. It (6) It (6) __________________________ __________________________ (engulf) (engulf) Mercury Mercury and Venus,, and almost reach the Earth. Life on earth (7) Venus __________________________ (end) (7) __________________________ (end).. Then if the sun (8) __________________________ (8) __________________________ (be) (be) more more massive, it (9) (9) __________________________ __________________________ inally (explode) inally (explode) as as a super nova. If the sun sun (10) (10) ___________________________ (die) (die),, it (11) (11) __________________________ (eject) (eject) a a mass of gas and dust into space. This (12) (12) __________________________ __________________________ (reveal) (reveal) the the star’s core and inally turn off.
2. SENTENCE TRANSFORMATION. FOR THESE SITUATIONS, WRITE SENTENCES CONTRARY TO FACT AS IN THE EXAMPLE. I don’t feel ine. That’s why I can’t go shopping with you. If I felt ine, I would go shopping with you.
1.
I don’t usually go to bed early. That is why I am asleep now. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
2. My cellphone doesn’t work anymore but I have no money to buy a new one. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
3. I am Mexican and that’s why I love tequila. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
4. It rains a lot in Huasca. That is the reason why it is greener than other areas. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
5. I don’t usually like to argue. I think it is nonsense. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
6. The air has considerable concentrations of oxygen. This is how we can breathe. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
7.
This computer has an old operating system and that’s that’s why it doesn’t work.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
8. We are not friends. That’s why we don’t talk. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
3. COMPLETE THESE SENTENCES WITH YOUR OWN IDEAS. 1.
________________________________ _______________________________ _______________________________ ________________________________ ________________________________ ______________________ ______ If we didn’t live in Hidalgo ________________
2.
Would you
________________________________ ________________ _______________________________ _______________________________ ________________________________ ________________________________ ______________________ ______
3.
We would
________________________________ ________________ _______________________________ _______________________________ ________________________________ ________________________________ ______________________ ______
4.
I wouldn’t
________________________________ ________________ _______________________________ _______________________________ ________________________________ ________________________________ ______________________ ______
5.
If you didn’t
________________________________ ________________ _______________________________ _______________________________ ________________________________ ________________________________ ______________________ ______
6.
If she were
________________________________ ________________ _______________________________ _______________________________ ________________________________ ________________________________ ______________________ ______
7.
What would you do if
________________________________ ________________ _______________________________ _______________________________ ________________________________ ________________________________ ______________________ ______
8.
Nobody would
________________________________ ________________ _______________________________ _______________________________ ________________________________ ________________________________ ______________________ ______
SCRIPTS
UNIT 1 LESSON A EXERCISE 2 ------ lab ------ cricket ------ fish ------ later
Lap Ticket dish Laser
Speake Pyrotechnic Souvenir Drone
------ seeker ------ pyrogenic ------ Interfere ------ throne
UNIT 1 LESSON A EXERCISES 4 AND 5 CONVERSATION 1 G= Girl B= Boy B: Hi. Are you coming to San Francisco’s Fair? G: I am not sure, why? B: You can’t miss it. This year, there will be flying drones, you have to try pastes and barbacoa which are the most delicious typical dishes and the best souvenirs, “Jarritos de feria”. G: It sounds fantastic. What about the music? I love Folklore music and DJ’s. B: My favorite DJ is coming. He’s bringing his loudspeakers and his famous laptop which is covered with laser lights, the lights turn on and off to the rhythm of the music. G: And what about the tickets? B: Don’t worry about that, I have 2, one for you and another one for me. G: Great, then count on me.
UNIT 1 LESSON A EXERCISES 4 AND 5 CONVERSATION 2 F= Father S= Son F: And… What is it? S: Dad, please continue telling me what things you like doing at the fair. F: Well… as I was saying. I love going there because I really enjoy eating traditional food but lately, I am more convinced about drones, they display an awesome performance with lights and colorful fumes, it is fantastic. Do you remember I like to keep the printed tickets as souvenirs? S: Of course, your wall is full of them. F: They are not printing them anymore, so now, I can’t keep them as souvenirs. S: Thank you for telling me. I was thinking of leaving my cell phone here.
UNIT 1 LESSON B EXERCISES 2 AND 3 Emilio: Guillermo: Emilio:
Guillermo: Emilio:
Grandpa Memo! Grandpa Memo! (the grandfather is sitting in a bench fixing some Emilio’s toys) What’s going on Emilio? Why are you running and shouting? Grandpa, do you know the importance of technology in our state. (in this line the sentence might be changed to “do you know how important technology is to our state?” or “do you know the importance of technology in our state? What What I’m trying to convey is that if the grandparent knows all the support and relevance that nowadays is happening into the state regarding technology) Ummm, well, to be honest Emilio. No, I don’t. (downcast gaze or voice in this line) Don’t worry grandpa (cheering him up), up), I am going to tell you. Nowadays, scientists from all over the country and of course Hidalgo plan to fight and eliminate the virus COVID-19.
Guillermo:
Oh, really?
Emilio:
Yes grandpa! Our scientific community always tries to do the best for us and they never stop until they get it. Well… that’s true. In fact, as you know, I am usually informed about these topics but sometimes I don’t say anything. Let me check my email on my mobile phone... Look grandson! Yes, it is an article about the scientists who are travelling to Switzerland... they are going to have access to Swiss Synchrotron to combat COVID-19. (excited voice) Really voice) Really Grandpa?
Guillermo:
Emilio:
Guillermo: Yes Emi. Also, it says that our scientific community often has important ideas and now, they have 4 proposals to find the cure against that virus! And check Emilio! A scientist from one of our universities has a treatment proposal. I’m completely completely sure, her collaboration is essential essential to find the cure. (proud look or voice) Emilio: (downcast gaze or voice in this case) But, case) But, grandpa... Guillermo: What’s wrong son? Why are you sad? Emilio: Because, I sometimes don’t know some words you use, for example; SynchroRobot. Guillermo: Hahaha, it is not n ot SynchroRobot Emi, is Syn-chro-tron (pronouncing syllable by syllable) and syllable) and don’t worry. Let’s buy an ice cream and I can explain you better... ( they seem to start walking and the grandfather continues saying words, the voices sound to start disappearing as if they were leaving the place)
UNIT 1 LESSON C EXERCISE 4 P=Presenter. M=Maribel. P: No one knows exactly what are the aspects that influence the incredible relation which indigenous people have with nature, this is a topic that revolves in our guests mind since she was a child. After graduating from college she took a gap year to explore, live and learn from indigenuos regions and its people in the state of Hidalgo. Her name is Maribel Hernandez and today, she is here with us to answer a few questions. M: Hello. Thank you for the invitation and for having me here. P: Please Maribel, tell us why you decided to start this amazing journey in Hidalgo. M: Well. Since I was a child, my family used to travel around the state to visit different places and I fell in love of every single place. I have a picture in mind which I can simply erase, let me explain it. My father is driving the car, my mom is trying to catch a song on the radio and my brother and I are watching the mountains through the windows. We are crossing a beautiful town located north-east in the mountain range named San Lorenzo Achiotepec, suddenly, an Otomi family of 3 men and 2 women appears, they are helping a dying coyote, I simply can’t believe how they are risking their life to help the animal and what motivates them to do it and a few minutes later, I watch other people cutting trees and destroying the ecosystem. What a contrast, right? P: That’s completely heart-touching and annoying at the same time. I sadly admit that I belong to those people who don’t know their state, but please tell me, did you find the reason why? M: Yes, and this is a fact. Among the 54 indigenous municipalities in our state there are patterns which give us elements to understand why they act this way, and amazingly some ethnic groups don’t have any connection between them but they behave exactly the same. P: see. So, is itI am possible you toonly tell in usthe which are those patterns? M: I Sure. Wait, tryingfor to think most important ones. First, “Respect” they have a strong belief in nature, they are aware that their ecosystem is their first resource to have food at home and to feed their livestock. Nowadays, they are writing a local rule to prevent any further damages, they are investing much of their time in protecting natural life cycle and restoring much of what has been affected and the oldest ones are giving talks about the importance of nature. Secondly, “family bonds” from generations they have been passing themselves a code, but it is not a written code, its something intangible, something they learn day by day and that is “pride”, pride of who they are, how they dress, their costumes, what they eat and how they look. Sadly, many of us think, they need somebody to teach them how to get involved in society and new trends but what we don’t know is that they t hey are using technology, they have natural and ecological systems to water their crops and they are sharing resources and knowledge over their communities, also, old men commonly ask foreigners for advice to keep improving and now they are learning new irrigation techniques,
old are unbeatable and women are capable of creating their own kitchen supplies. In fact, a good example of this is the town of Santiago de Anaya, these days, men create their kitchen supplies and women are selling them, isn't it amazing? P: Wow, really? I didn't know that, it is amazing! M: That’s because you never travel to those towns, hahaha. P: hahaha, yes Maribel you are right but I promise to go there next vacation. She is Maribel Hernandez, a young girl who has taught me a lesson and ... With information as reference taken from: http://www.cdi.gob.mx/pnud/memoria_taller_indicadores_hidalgo_2009.pdf
UNIT 2 LESSON C EXERCISE 2 Good morning everyone, I am doctor Richard Fox and in this presentation I am going to talk about work in the coming years. One important thing to remember is that the idea of one job for life is going to disappear. In fact, it's already becoming history. Young people like you will most likely have eight to ten jobs in their adult life because of technology. for this is that many jobs will become unnecessary. I know that sounds a little frightening and stressful, stressful, but the good news is that many new jobs will be created. So, what does all this mean for you? It means you'll definitely need new skills to help you survive in the job market of the future. So, here's my forecast of live that will help you be successful in the next 20 years. First, you'll need what I call sense-making. This is the ability to understand the importance of information. Our computers will be able to give us more and more information, but we will have to be able to use this information to make good and effective decisions. Second, you're going to need social intelligence. As our world becomes more and more globalized, you will have to work with large groups of people in different settings. That will involve the ability to work well with people, and to adapt or change your behavior according to the setting. Third, and very important since nowadays, future workers will need strong cross-cultural skills. Workers will move around much more and they will need to feel comfortable and confident wherever they are in the world. You will have to see beyond people's cultural differences, working styles, and ways of thinking to be successful. Fourth, most workers will need to have new-media literacy. In other words, they must have the ability and confidence to use new media like wikis, blogs, and podcasts, to create and present their own audio and visual information. Finally, successful future workers will have to be multi- specialists, so that they can work in several different jobs. People will need a deep understanding in one field, but have a good general knowledge of different work fields. So, there you have five important work skills for the future. And remember, the future starts now. Thank you.
UNIT 2 LESSON E EXERCISE 1 A: Ok, the first question is, what are five skills for a job in the future? B: … What are five skill for a job in the future … Sense-making, Social intelligence, cross-cultural, New-media literacy, and … Multi-specialists 2 A: What new media will be used in the future? B: Pardon? A: What new media in the job will be used in the future? 1
3 4 5 6 7
B: A: B: A: B: A: B: A: B: A: B:
Ok, wikis, blogs, and podcasts Great, now, here is question three. can you tell me the name of the Doctor Fox? Give me a second, oh, ok his name is Richard, Richard Fox. Can you tell me what a robot is unable to do? Uh… let me think … Robots are unable to think, t hink, feel, or make decisions. The following questions are more personal, where will you study the master’s degree? Where will I study the master’s degree? … I’d like to study it abroad. Oh I see, now, what job would you like to t o do in the future? That’s an interesting question, ammm … I’d like to work in any tourism activity. Ok, this is the last question, would you like to start your own family in some years? Eerr … well, yes, I would. After I get a job I would like to get married and have two children.
UNIT 3 LESSON A EXERCISE 4 Well! What can I tell you? My name is Mark I live in Huasca de Ocampo, a paradise in Hidalgo. Huasca was the first “Pueblo Magico” in Mexico. I have done a lot of activities here; I have lived in Huasca de Ocampo for about 12 years. I have done many things here; I have gone birdwatching in the forest since I was a little boy. Many people are terrified about this, but I have never seen a UFO or a ghost in this beautiful place. Everything has been incredible.
Let me tell you that mom is a great cook, she makes new dishes, they are a delicacy because they are very delicious, and she always asks me before I get out of my house “Have you ever eaten trout with tomato sauce and mushrooms mushrooms Mark? Or Have you ever tried it with other ingredients?” ingredients?” You can find this kind of fish fish all over Huasca; in fact, it is a traditional dish. I have also played chess in different state wide competitions since I was 7; actually, my grandfather played with me every day. It is sad to say, but he died a few years ago, and he is now now in the graveyard. Well! I have to say good bye because I haven’t finished my homework yet, it is about natural areas in Mexico; thank God I have already written a blog about the flora and fauna in Hidalgo. Bye!
UNIT 3 LESSON C EXERCISE 1 Laura: Hey Aiko, did you enjoy our trip to Tula? Aiko: I sure did! Such a beautiful place, the history of your country amazes me. Laura: Mexico’s history is very rich, but Japan’s history is also interesting, your country is beautiful, some of the landscapes I have seen are breathtaking! Aiko: Have you ever been to Japan? Laura: Oh, well, not really, but I have seen movies, I’m a big fan of Japanese movies. Aiko: That’s nice! I also discovered Mexico and it’s culture through television and movies. Actually something that really intrigues me is the food, some dishes seem delicious, like Barbacoa, have you ever tried it? Laura: Yes, I’ve eaten barbacoa hundreds of times! It’s delicious! What other places have you visited in Mexico? Aiko: I’ve been to Mexico City and Teotihuacan only, in fact Vic and Andy said they’ve visited a place called Metztitlan, they mentioned there is a breathtaking ravine with a river and orchards at its bottom, I’ve never seen anything like that! Laura: Believe it or not, I’ve never been to Metztitlan either, why don’t we go next weekend, my dad can lend me his minivan, what do you think? Aiko: It sounds great! Let’s do it! Laura: There is one little detail though, I can’t drive, have you ever driven a car in Mexico? Aiko: No, I’ve never done that in my life, I don’t know how to, but I’m sure someone else can drive, Mario’s girlfriend drove the last time, maybe she’ll join us this time too!
UNIT 3 LESSON C EXERCISE 3 Aiko: Andy: Aiko: Andy: Aiko: Andy: Aiko:
Hello, Andy? This is Aiko, how are you? Have Mario and Amy arrived yet ? Hello Aiko, yes, they’ve just they’ve just picked picked me up! Have you finished packing? I have already finished finished packing but Laura hasn’t finished yet . Tell her to hurry, we are on our way to your place to pick you up, we’re having breakfast in Metztitlán. Do you have enough gas? Yes, we do, we’ve already stopped stopped for gas, don’t worry! Tell Laura to hurry… Don’t worry, she’s just she’s just finished finished packing!
On the way to Metzitlán... Laura: It’s great that you decided to join us Amy, thanks for driving as well, you are really good at it!
Amy: I m glad to come, I love driving, I ve driven cars since since I I was 15, my grandpa taught me. Mario: Tell us Aiko, how long have you studied in Mexico? Amy: Hey! What do you mean! I’m only 20, I’ve done it for only only 5 years, I’m not as old as you! Aiko: I’ve studied here since since December. December. Laura: Is that it? We’ve known each other for only only 5 months? Wow time flies! And how long have you been together Mario and Amy? Amy: We’ve been a couple for one year. Mario: That’s right but we’ve known each other since since 2010! 2010!
UNIT 4 LESSON C EXERCISE 2 Hi my name is Robert Straffon, I am from Real del Monte, my great-grandfather was an English miner, he came from Cornwall, UK. He used to tell my grandfather many stories and legends about this beautiful place. Actually, my father has told us many of them too. The most remarkable story for me is “The English Clown” whose name was Richard Bell, he came to Mexico by himself because he didn’t achieve fame in England, he installed a circus in the area and people loved him; therefore, he asked to be buried in the English Cemetery and his tomb is the only one turning its back on England. People say that the English Clown’s soul has wandered every night through the cemetery since the day he died and that he just makes himself visible to the people who are pure of spirit making them laugh with funny jokes, but those whose heart is evil, see spooky shadows and hear eerie sounds that makes them feel terrified. It is also said that many spirits come out during the night, ready to attack anyone who tries to step inside the cemetery. Well! My grandpa told me that my great-grandpa and his friends went once to the English Cemetery in the middle of a dark and scary night; nobody was there, they unlocked the gate themselves and got into the graveyard, one of his friends was jumping on the tombs asking the “English Clown” to show up and tell him a joke; he was also shouting that he didn’t believe in ghosts. Suddenly, the ground and the trees started to move, they couldn’t believe it, they wanted to ask for help, but nobody was there, they were by themselves; they felt lost and immediately started to run towards the gate, but unfortunately, it locked itself, no one could help them. My grandpa says that my great-grandpa was very brave and managed to open the gate himself running away as fast as he could. When all of them got out of the place, they heard The English Clown laughing out loud saying “Didn’t you ask for a great joke? Where are you going? The show has just started”. Since that day on, people have respected the cemetery, and they have also come up with lots of stories about what happened many years ago, but I am sure The English Clown is a good soul, maybe my great-grandfather and his friends irritated him by getting inside the English Cemetery without permission.
UNIT 4 LESSON E EXERCISE 1 Robert: Rosa: Robert: Rosa: Robert: Rosa: Robert:
Hi Rosa! How’s everything going? Hi Robert! Fine, what about you? Well, I’m a little bit tired. Yes, you look tired. Why? What did you do over the weekend? I visited Real del Monte. Have you ever been there? Yes, I have. What did you do there? I have visited it twice, but this weekend I went with my cousins. On Friday we had coffee downtown and the waiter told us about the English Cemetery. Also, he said that on Saturday’s night the guard tells legends. So, we decided to go. When we arrived to the cemetery, the guard received us. While we were walking through the tombs he was telling us the legends. The legend that has scared me the most is the Woman in Black. Have you ever heard it? Rosa: No, I haven’t. Tell me. Robert: The guard told us that there is a woman dressed in black that asks for a ride during dark and foggy nights. She only appears to men that are driving alone. He mentioned the experience of Don Refugio. Rosa: What happened to Don Refugio?
Robert: Are you sure you want to hear it? Rosa: Yes, sure. Robert: OK. Don Refugio is one one of the men that has given a ride to this woman. He has told that he picked her up near the monument of Engineer Clifford. He thought the woman had an accident with her car and he decided to give her a ride. The woman got into the car, Don Refugio asked her where she was going and she answered that she was going to the English Cemetery. So, he turned and drove that way. When they arrived to the cemetery, the woman told him to wait for her, but he didn’t do it because as soon as he looked, the woman went through the th e gate of the cemetery, he drove as fast as he could to get out of that place.
Paola: Luis:
What? That must have been scary!!! Yes. That is why I am tired; I didn’t sleep well that night nor last night.
UNIT 5 LESSON C EXERCISE 2 Aiko: Mom:
Hello? Mom? Hello Aiko! I’m glad that you’re calling! I can’t believe it’s been six months since you went to Mexico!
Aiko: Mom: Aiko:
ITell know, me,time whatflies! places have you visited? I saw your recent posts! Hidalgo seems like a beautiful place! Well mom, in fact, Hidalgo is one of the most beautiful places I’ve ever seen! It has one of the vastest national parks in the country. Last Saturday I visited it, people call it El Chico, there is a town in the middle of the forest, it’s the most magical place I’ve been to so far! Is it far from Pachuca? No, it isn’t, but the road is so winding that I got really dizzy on the way there, because this time Mario drove and he dives the fastest. I saw the pictures, the town is very foggy and picturesque. Yes, it is the coldest place in the state in my opinion, we got there very early in the morning, we had barbacoa for breakfast at the market, it was good but in fact, the tastiest barbacoa in Hidalgo is in a place called Actopan! Is Actopan far from… uh…what is the name of the town you visited? El Chico mom, and yeah they are not close to each other, but both places are near Pachuca.
Mom: Aiko: Mom: Aiko:
Mom: Aiko: Mom: Aiko: Mom: Aiko: Mom: Aiko:
Mom:
And what is… uh… barbacoa is it? You got right! It is a traditional dish from Hidalgo, it is lamb that people cook in a kind of oven buried under the ground! Under the ground?! That’s the craziest thing I’ve ever heard! I know, but believe me, it is the best dish in the world! Which town is bigger? El Chico or Actopan? Actopan, it is actually a city but El Chico is fascinating! I’m so excited because next Saturday we are traveling to Tenango de Doria, my friend Laura told me artisans there make the most intricate embroidery embroider y works in the t he state! People call them Tenangos and they are incredibly colorful and beautiful, they are also some of the most expensive handcrafts in the region, look I’ve just sent you a picture! Wow! They are stunning! Is it possible that you bring me one?
UNIT 5 LESSON E EXERCISE 2 Hi my name is Sean, I am from the UK, and I´d like to tell you that I´ve just had the most fantastic vacation ever, I visited Hidalgo in Mexico. I consider myself the most fortunate man on Earth because I’ve visited different places there, and I really enjoyed the beautiful natural landscapes that Hidalgo has, and of course its cuisine. You won’t believe it but in some regions they eat insects like grasshoppers, they don´t obviously eat them raw, they make them in different ways, the ones that I enjoyed the most were abaneros, I don’t mean that plain ones aren’t as delicious as abaneros, but I really like hot and spicy Mexican food. I actually tried this insect dishes in a region called “Valle del Mezquital” which I found fascinating because they have a very unique saying that goes this way “Todo lo que se arrastra corre y vuela, va para la cazuela” which could probably be understood as “Any living thing is edible”, and I totally agree. People visiting these place might not be familiar with this t his kind of delicacies, but I swear to God, they are extremely ext remely
delicious. On the other hand, visitors can also enjoy the cultural and historic part because there is a prehispanic city there, called Zona Arquelogica de Tula (Tollan) where the Tolteca civilization became one of the most powerful at the time. This metropolis is smaller than Teotihuacan, but it is as interesting as any other in Mexico. Going back to the food and dishes topic; let me tell you that I’ve tried barbacoa in different parts, and I cannot ca nnot say it is better in some places than others, but the service is faster in “The Black Sheep” restaurant, resta urant, I would say it’s the most quickly. Despite the fact that I am English, I love the Mexican cuisine; in fact, barbacoa and insects are the most delicious dishes that I´ve tried. If you want to have the most intense adventures, visit Hidalgo.
UNIT 6 LESSON B HIKING 2 My dad took me for long walks as a kid around every town in Hidalgo, and at the time I despised them! I remember complaining a lot because I couldn’t walk as fast as my father, and I probably just wanted to play video games at home. In hindsight, I can see that they were good experiences and perhaps that paved the way for it to become part of my life now. There are many reasons why I love to hike, mainly I love the sense of freedom you get when you are alone in nature. It’s nice to have solitude, and since I have taken hiking as a part of my life, I am able to be alone deep in thoughts and have time to unwind and reflect on things t hings and also I can adapt to different places. I think it’s very healthy for the mind to have that break from busyness and noise. Additionally, it’s good for your body. It goes without saying that the movement is good for your legs and the air is good for your lungs.”
UNIT 6 LESSON D LET’S BE FEARLESS 2 Hernandez. for statements 1 to 10 complete the ideas with one word or a short phrase. Interviewer: Good afternoon, everyone. We are here with the one and only Pedro Hernandez, welcome Mr. Hernandez. Pedro Hdez: Thanks for having me. Interviewer: Thanks to you for letting us know how to improve our rock climbing techniques. Pedro Hdez: First, let me tell you that climbing safety is your responsibility, no article, video or talk can replace qualified instruction and experience. Interviewer: That's right so, What are you going to share with us today? Pedro Hdez: Well, there are a few aspects that you need to consider if you are considering to start rock climbing. First of all, you have to wear a helmet, it is essential if you want to live long and prosper. Interviewer: I definitely want to see my grandkids! Pedro Hdez: Before you start climbing, you always have to double-check to make sure that the lead climber's tie-in knot, usually a figure-8 follow-through is tied correctly and finished with a backup knot. Interviewer: Oh, I see. I’ve heard that there are plenty of different types of rocks, and each one influences climbing, but have you ever found any kind of rock easy to climb? Pedro Hdez: Definitely, I’ll say no! Each kind of rock has its own style of climbing. for instance, granite, sandstone, limestone, limestone, basalt, and conglomerate blends, and let me tell you that is totally different and lucky to have some of them in Hidalgo! Interviewer: are those techniques youhave to betothe rockwith climber you aremust now?keep your Pedro Hdez: What I appreciate your kind words! worthat ds! have well, made you just climb yourthat feet, feet, you weight on your skeleton, maintain quiet feet, rest when possible, engage your core, you have to know how to breathe, it is the most important one! Engage in positive self-talk, to mention some! Interviewer: Come on! tell me your secret! Pedro Hdez: OK. Climbing legend Alex Lowe once said, "The best climber is the one having the most fun.” It’s not about the numbers or the summits, it’s about the enjoyment of the challenge, adventure, and partnership. I follow that!
UNIT 6 LESSON E I LOVE WATER
1. e 2. f 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.
i c g h d a b
UNIT 6 LESSON E EXERCISE 2 There is a small town called El Arenal, near Actopan, Hidalgo where you can find a dam with clear water that just falls down from Fray Francisco mountain. You will be able to appreciate thinkers and a wonderful scenery from Parque Nacional El Chico. But if you are looking for a warmer place, you should visit Agua Blanca lake en Agua Blanca de Iturbide, Hidalgo, which has blazing weather. It’s also the favorite for fishing experts and you can find bass, trout and carp fish. The ideal place for recreational fishing is El Zembo, a trout farm located in the Magical Town of Huasca de Ocampo. The water that supplies is crystal and descends from the mountains. It is one of the few places where you can enjoy a mild climate during the day and enjoy a cozy atmosphere and get close contact with nature. Within El Cedral recreational park you can enjoy the spectacular El Cedral dam, in Mineral del Chico, Hidalgo. It is considered one of the oldest parks in Mexico, visited by tourists and tenants for the impressive forest with oaks, pines, and oyamels. You ought to spend all the weekend owing to the fact that currently, it offers plenty of activities, such as hiking, mountain cycling, camping, abseiling and the principal attraction, fishing.
Do not wait any more and look for a new hobby such as fishing.
UNIT 7 LESSON B EXERCISE 1 Thomas: Gregorio: Thomas:
Gregorio: Thomas: Gregorio:
Thomas: Gregorio: Thomas:
Hey Gregorio! Are you coming to the reunion we are having? I don’t know yet! I have things to do at the shop but I might have time t ime to go for a while. Why don’t you give it a try? You need to have fun, not everything is work! We are meeting at the old coffee shop we used to go when we were at school. You could find someone who might go and open your shop for you while you go with us. Yeah! I know. I might find somebody, but you can help me with that. t hat. Let me see if my cousin Felipe can go. He might need some extra money, he’s a new dad. Fine! Just let me know if he can come. The reunion is on Saturday right? I might get there a little late because I need to explain everything to him, it’s just because the door lock is broken and he might not be able to open the door. Don’t worry! He’s a handy man he could help you with that, he’s a good guy. You should talk to him about it and you’ll see. Thanks man! I can’t miss that reunion! Alright! See you there.
UNIT 8 LESSON B EXERCISE 2 CHICHEN ITZA, MEXICO
Chichen Itza was a Mayan city; it is located on the Yucatan Peninsula in Mexico. Chichen Itza was named a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1988 and, in 2007, it was voted in a worldwide survey as one of the New Seven Wonders of the World.
The most impressive building is the Temple of Kukulkan, also known as El Castillo, it was built in an area that was leveled to organize larger structures. The temple was designed with 365 steps which represents each day of the year. Each side of the t he temple has 91 steps, and the top platform completes the 365th. Chichén Itzá's ball court is the largest in America, measuring 168 meters and 70 meters wide. During ritual games, 4 kilogram rubber balls were hit by players, into rings which were made of stone and were set high on the court walls. Nowadays ruins open daily and on spring and autumn equinoxes offer the opportunity to admire the incredible shadow serpent of El Castillo and at nigh a light show is displayed to all tourists who arrive from all over the world.
UNIT 8 LESSON B EXERCISE 4
STUDENT 1: TEACHER: STUDENT 2:
In this video you see the White House, it is the official residence and work place of the president of United States. Excuse me, where is it located?. Well, It is located in Washington D.C; do you know who designed it?. Yes, I know. It was designed by the Irish architect James Hoban .
TEACHER:
You right and its name was given by the President Theodore Roosevelt in 1901.
LUCY: MARIANA:
Hey Ana! Nice to hear you, how h ow was your trip to India? Hi Mariana, it was awesome; I visited the Taj Mahal it is a mausoleum, it is located near to Yamuna River. I know, and It was built in honor to Shah Jahan’s wife. Most of the building was made of white marble, and it makes it a magnificent building for visitors around the world. However I had some language problems. Why? You speak English and Spanish pretty well You right but Spanish and English are not spoken languages in India, Hindi is spoken by most people there.
TEACHER:
LUCY: MARIANA: LUCY: MARIANA:
UNIT 8 LESSON D EXERCISE 2 IMPORTANT FACTS ABOUT “LOS PINOS” •
•
•
•
•
Los Pinos is the presidential residence in Mexico, now it is open to public but not always was like this. The residence was built in a place that was named “Molino del Rey”. At the beginning the land was a ranch called “La Hormiga” which name was changed to “Los Pinos” by Lázaro Cárdenas in honor to the place he met his wife in Michoacan. The residence first was occupied by President Lazaro Cardenas del Rio due to he believed Chapultepec Castle was a luxurious place to rule the countryso he decided to move to “Los Pinos” in 1941. Mexico was governed by Manuel Avila Camacho from 1940 to 1946; he was the second Mexican President who lived in the new residence. He got married to Soledad Orozco and didn’t have children. Before to move from his own house in Lomas de Chapultepec to the official residence were ordered some modifications by the presidential couple to adapt for their needs. Nowadays this place is visited by people who want to go along on its avenues, gardens, statues galleries as well as to enjoy its buildings and cultural events.
UNIT 9 LESSON A EXERCISES 3 AND 4 A. B. C. D. E.
Blackberry Oatmeal Eggplant Takeaway Leftovers
F. G.
Chopsticks Silverware
H. I. J. K. L. M. N.
Teaspoon Seafood Chickpea Peppermint Milkshake Fruitcake Banana split
UNIT 9 LESSON A EXERCISE 5 Whitney: Kelly: Whitney: Kelly: Whitney:
Kelly:
Whitney: Kelly: Whitney:
Hey! Good to see you Kelly! How have you been? Great, Thanks! What have you been up to these days? Not much, I’m preparing a mother’s day breakfast for my mom, wife and aunt and now I came to buy new silverware because I only have spoons and knifes, all my forks are lost. That’s nice! What are you planning to do? I’m sure it is not going to be a regular breakfast with oatmeal and milk. Well I’m cooking something simple, it is a new recipe I learned, it is mainly pasta and on top you put some eggplant slices seasoned with peppermint, peppermint, we will also have coffee and orange juice to drink; also, my sister is baking a fruitcake filled with blackberries and some other fruits for dessert, actually, I need to but some disposable teaspoons to eat that. Are you planning anything with your mom? My brothers and I are ordering pizza for dinner from a takeaway restaurant near her house, she loves it so much that if there’s pizza left, she keeps the leftovers in the fridge we also considered seafood but we just had a lot of fish and shrimps during the holly week. That’s great! She’ll be happy. Yes! and we’re going to order creamy milkshakes for us all from a café that is in the neighborhood too, mom has a sweet tooth. Sounds fantastic! They deserve it!
UNIT 9 LESSON B EXERCISES 2 AND 4 Interviewer: Good afternoon everyone! This is John from from University radio and today we are interviewing interviewing Dr. Parker. Thanks for talking to us today. Dr. Parker: Thank you for inviting me. If I can help, I will be happy to answer your questions. Interviewer: To begin with, how did you get interested in this area of research? Dr. Parker: Our health is something really important and sometimes we are not aware of that; because of this, I was always motivated to learn how to take care of it for the well-being of us all. Interviewer: So, from your research what do you consider to be the worst problem we are facing right now? Dr. Parker: Obesity, due to the habits people have in general. Interviewer: Obesity, you say? Can you please explain a little more? Dr. Parker: Of course, John, if we don’t have enough time to eat, we will look for a fast solution, and we will not
choose the healthiest option if it is the most expensive; everyday there are higher demands for fast food in which we can easily find a lot of foods with a high amount of fats and carbs and a low quantity of nutrients, they are this popular because they can satisfy our needs without sacrificing time of work or leisure but our bodies receive all these calories without burning them. Interviewer: What would be a consequence of this high fat and carbs intake? Dr. Parker: If our body gets so many fats and carbs, it will not be able to process them and we will have a lot of healthy problems, many of them can be fatal. Interviewer: That is really bad news. Dr. Parker: Indeed, it is! This is one of the t he reasons why people have to start looking for other alternatives when cooking and eating, if we make changes in our diet, it will bring a lot of benefits. Interviewer: Dr. Parker I understand that bad eating habits has more serious effects on our body, can you
inform our audience about another consequence that we could face in the future if we don t change our way of eating? Dr. Parker: Well,said, obviously is thehigh most common problem but if it getsheart worse, in addition to what has been previously we canobesity suffer from blood pressure, high cholesterol, disease and stroke, type-2 diabetes, osteoporosis and so on, severely affecting our body and putting our life in risk. Interviewer: That sounds devastating! In other words, if we don’t make an effort to change we will probably die because of these bad habits. Dr. Parker: Yes, and not only our lives are affected, but also the lives of our family; for instance, I strongly believe that if we take care of our health, we will become better human beings.
Interviewer: Well, I hope our listeners can make some conscious decisions based on this information you shared with us because if we make changes we will save our lives. Thank you so much for your research and for joining us today. Dr. Parker: Thank you for allowing me to speak in this space, hopefully this message can get to many people. Because it is true that we know very well the problem, but more importantly we also know the solution. Therefore, if we decide to eat healthier, we will have a better life.
UNIT 9 LESSON E EXERCISE 3 Waitress: ALL: Cheryl:
Are you ready to order? Yes, we are. Excuse me, I have a question. I’m in the mood for lamb , but the sauce looks too fatty. Could I order the lamb without the sauce? Sure! What does it come with? French fries. I’m not really into fried food. Could I have a grilled vegetable instead? I think we have grilled peppers. Perfect! Would you like to start with an appetizer? Is there any olive on the tomato salad? There’s a lot of oil, yes. Could I get it without the oil? MMM – HMMM, but it won’t taste very good. Then I’ll just have a mixed green salad. And you, ma’m…? Ahmm.. I’m sorry. I have another question. Is there any salt on the lamb? It takes salt and pepper, yes. I don’t want a lot of salt. I think I’ll have the fish instead. Ok, anything to drink? Just water, please. And for you? I’ll have the special.
Waitress: Cheryl: Waitress: Cheryl: Waitress: Cheryl: Waitress: Cheryl: Waitress: Cheryl: Waitress: Cheryl: Waitress: Kate: Cheryl: Waitress: Cheryl: Waitress: Cheryl: Waitress: Kate: Louis Charles Waitress: Cheryl: Kate, Charles and Louis
The special, please. The special. Great! Can I ask you another question? Noooooo!!!! (SHOUTING)
UNIT 10 LESSON A EXERCISE 4 Joyce:
Patrick! School is over, it’s Friday afternoon and you know what that means, are you ready to lose on
Patrick:
Joyce: Patrick:
your favorite game… again? Come on, Joyce, last week was just a stroke of luck, I’m going to defeat you easily today, but unfortunately, I don’t have a lot of time available, my sister has asked me to help her to study and I can’t say no, I really want her to pass her exam. It’s alright, don’t worry, we must hurry up, then; it would be really nice to have super powers like the heroes from comics, if I had super speed and super strength I would carry you and we would be in my house by now. That would be really good! Is there another super power you think would be really useful?
Joyce: Patrick:
Joyce: Patrick:
Actually I think most of them are really useful, for example, if I were a hero who can freeze time, we could play longer our favorite game, don’t you think? Is there a super power you would like to have? Yes, right now if I were an Omniscience character I could help my sister faster and I would have more free time, but also I think immortality is a cool one, I could see everything if I was immortal, even eventually the end of the world. That’s right, but it scares me a little, if we became immortal, we couldn’t die, even if we wanted to, that’s scary and even a bit sad. I hadn’t thought about it, you are right, maybe instead, if I was a shape shifter I could do my sister’s
Joyce:
test nobody would notice. Thatand sounds interesting! Anyway, we can keep talking about this later because is time to beat you.
UNIT 10 LESSON B EXERCISE 2 Eddie:
Hi, my name is Eddie and If I were a superhero, I would stop crime everywhere, I don’t like people suffering for crime. Hi, my name is Willy and I would definitely spend all my richness to stop famine if I had a lot of money. I’m Zayda and If I could do something special, I would ban animal hunting all over the world. Hi, my name is Alex and all the people who suffer from an illness could be cured if I had the ability to heal others. Hi, my name is Yolanda and If I had the power to do it, I would stop pollution, it is killing us. Hi, my name is Gilberto and I think that if there weren’t wars, a lot of lives would be saved, so I would stop war if I could.
Willy: Zayda: Alex: Yolanda: Gilberto:
UNIT 10 LESSON C EXERCISE 3 Bluster Housed Stunning Mining Cornish Passed up Head
f g b e d a h
A violent and turbulent blowing. Encased, enclosed, sheltered. Impressive, especially in beauty or excellence. The process of extracting metals or minerals from the ground. People coming from Cornwall, England. Let go by without taking advantage of. Declined, rejected. Proceed in a certain direction.
Wandered
c
Move about without a fixed course, aim, or goal.
UNIT 10 LESSON D EXERCISE 5 Dave: Jenny: Dave: Jenny: Dave:
Hi Jenny, What’s the matter? You look kind of worried. Yes, I am. I’ve learnt that unfortunately many people I know have lost their jobs and now they’re unemployed. Well, I understand you are worried; however, we can do something to help! Really? What do you think we can do? Look, I’ve got some great DVDs and books I don’t use any more, so I was wondering if we could sell
Jenny: Dave: Jenny: Dave: Jenny:
them cheaply. What a great idea! I’ve got some stuff I don’t use as well, clothes and some furniture, for example. So, how you think we can sellathem, Dave? Well,do why don’t we organize garage sale? Lots of people would come. You’re right! And after that we can use that money to help that people with essentials. I’m sure they’ll really appreciate our support. So, let’s go home and get the things we’re going to sell. Wait! Shall we tell our parents about it?
Student´s Book B1 (Digital)
