ANSI/AWWA C210-15
(Revision of ANSI/AWWA C210-07)
®
AWWA Standard
Liquid-Epoxy Coatings and Linings for Steel Water Pipe and Fittings
Eective date: Oc t. 1, 2015. 2015. First edition edit ion approved by AWWA Board of Direc tors May 18, 1978. 1978. This edition approved June 7, 2015. Approved by American National Standards Institute Instit ute June 3, 2015. 2015.
SM
Copyright © 2015 American Water Works Association. All Rights Reserved.
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AWWA Standard This document is an American Water Works Association (AWWA) standard. It is not a specication. AWWA standards describe minimum requirements and do not contain all of the engineering and administrative information normally contained in specications. The AWWA standards usually contain options that must be evaluated by the user of the standard. Until each optional feature is specied by the user, the product or service is not fully dened. AWWA pub lication of a standard does not constitute endorsement of any product or product type, nor does AWWA test, certify, or approve any product. The use of AWWA standards is entirely voluntary. This s tandard does not supersede or take precedence over or displace any applicable law, regulation, or code of any governmental authority. AWWA st andards are intended to represent a consensus of the water supply industry industry that the product described will provide satisfactory service. When AWWA revises or withdraws this standard, an ocial notice of action will be placed in the Ocial Notice section of Journa l - Amer ican Water Works A ssocia tion . The action becomes eec tive on the rst day of the month following the month of Journal - Amer ican Water Wor ks A ssocia tion publication of the ocial notice.
American National Standard An American National Standard implies a consensus of those substantially concerned with its scope and provisions. An American National Standard is intended as a guide to aid the manufacturer, the consumer, and the general public. The existence of an Americ an National Standard does not in any respect preclude anyone, whether that person has approved the standard or not, from manufacturing, marketing, purchasing, or using products, processes, or procedures not conforming to the standard. American National Standards are subject to periodic review, and users are c autioned to obtain the latest editions. Producers of goods made in conformity with an American National Standard are encouraged to state on their own responsibility in advertising and promotional materials or on tags or labels that the goods are produced in conformity with particular American National Standards. C AUTION NOTICE: The
American National Standards Institute (ANSI) approval date on the front cover of this standard indicates completion of the ANSI approval process. This American National Standard may be revised or withdrawn at any time. ANSI procedures require that action be taken to rearm, revise, or withdraw this standard no later than ve years from the date of ANSI approval. Purchasers of American National Standards may receive current information on all standards by calling or writing the American National Standards Institute, 25 West 43rd Street, Fourth Floor, New York, NY 10036; 212.642.4900; or emailing
[email protected].
This AWWA content is the product of thousands of hours of work by your fellow water professionals. Revenue from the sales of this AWWA material supports ongoing product development. Unauthorized distribution, either electronic or photocopied, is illegal and hinders AWWA’s AWW A’s mission to support the water community.
ISBN-13, print:
978 -1-62576-109-5 978-1-62576-109-5
eISBN-13, elect ronic:
978-1-61300-345 -9
DOI: htt http://dx.doi.org/10.1 p://dx.doi.org/10.12999/AWWA 2999/AWWA .C210. .C210.15 15
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Committee Personnel Te Steel Water Pipe–Manufacturer’s echnical Advisory Committee (SWPMAC) ask Group on C210, C210, which revised this standard, sta ndard, had the t he following personnel personnel at the time: t ime: Bob Murphy, Chair Murphy, Chair Mitch Conner, Vice Conner, Vice Chair R.M. Buchana Buchanan, n, CanusaCanusa-CPS, CPS, oronto, Ont., Canad Canadaa M. Burat Buratto, to, LifeL LifeLast, ast, Vancouver, Wash. M. Conner Conner,, Carboline, St. Louis, Mo. A. Fletcher, Fletcher, yco yco Water Water Pipelines Pipelines echnologies, echnologies, Southbank, Southbank, Victoria, Australia B.D. Keil, Northwe Northwest st Pipe Company, Draper, Utah G. Lar Larsen, sen, Smith-Blai Smith-Blair, r, exa exarkan rkana, a, exa exass D. Libby, Chase Corp., Westwood, Mass. L. McKin McKinney, ney, Wo Womble mble Company, Houston, exa exass B. Murphy, Sherw Sherwin-W in-Will illiams iams Co., Ventura entura,, Cal Calif. if. M. Murphy, NOV Ameron, Phoenix, Ar Ariz. iz. R. Norswort Norsworthy hy,, Polyguard Products Inc., La Lancaste ncaster, r, exa exass V. O’Dea, nemec, Ka Kansas nsas City, Mo. F. Ra Rampton, mpton, renton Corporat Corporation, ion, Ann Arb Arbor, or, Mich. R.N. Satyart Satyarthi, hi, Baker Coupling Company Inc., Los Angeles, Calif. S. Serpe, Arkema, King of Prussia, Penn Penn.. B.P.. Simpson, Amer B.P American ican Spiral Spiralweld weld Pipe Company, Birming Birmingham, ham, Al Ala. a. G. Smith, Northwes Northwestt Pipe Company, San Diego, Cal Calif. if.
(AWWA) (AWWA) (AWWA) (A WWA) (AWWA) (A WWA) (AWWA) (AWWA) (AWWA) (AWWA) (AWWA) (AWWA) (AWWA) (AWWA) (AWWA) (AWWA) (A WWA) (AWWA) (A WWA) (AWWA) (AWWA)
Te AW AW WA Standards Committee on Steel Pipe, which reviewed and appro approved ved this standard, had the following personnel at the time of approval: John H. Bambei Jr., Jr., Chair Chair Dennis A. Dechant, Vice Dechant, Vice Chair John L. Luka, Secretary Luka, Secretary
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H.E. Dunham, MW MWH H Inc., Snoh Snohomish, omish, Wash. S.N. Foellmi, Black & Veatch Corporation, Irvine, Calif. R.L.. Gibson, Freese and Nichols Inc., Fort Wo R.L Wort rth, h, exa exass M.D. Gosset Gossett,* t,* HDR, Denver, Colo. M.B. Horsley, Horsley,** Horsley Engineer Engineering ing LLC LLC,, Overla Overland nd Park, Ka Kan. n. R.A.. Kufaas, Norske Corrosion & Inspection Services Ltd., Surrey, B.C., Canada R.A J.L. Mattson, Corrosion Corrosion Control Control echnologies, echnologies, Sandy, Sandy, Utah R. Ortega,* Lockwood, Andrews & Newnam, Houston Houston,, exas E.S. Ralph,† Stand Standards ards Engineer Liai Liaison, son, AW WA, Denver, Colo. A.E. Romer, AECOM, Orange, Orange, Calif. J.R. Snow, Snow,* MWH MW H Americas Inc., Denver, Denver, Colo. H.R. Stoner, Consult Consultant, ant, North Plainfi Plainfield, eld, N.J. C.C. Sundberg, CH2M, Issaquah, Wash. W.R. W .R. Whidden, Wh idden, Woolpert, Woolpert, Orlando, Orlando, Fla.
(AW WA) (AW (AW (A W WA) (AWWA) (AWWA) (AWWA) (AW (A W WA) (AW (A W WA) (AW (A W WA) (AWWA) (AW (A W WA) (AW (A W WA) (AWWA) (AW (A W WA) (AW (A W WA)
Producer Members D.W. Angell,† Standards Council Council Liaison, Liaison, American Flow Flow Control Control,, Birmingham, Ala. S.A. Arnaout, Hanson Pressure Pipe Inc., Dallas, exas H.R. Bardakjian, Consultant, Glendale, Calif. D.A. Dechant, Dechant Infrastr Infrastructure ucture Service, Aurora, Colo. W.B. W .B. Geyer, Geyer, Steel Plate Fabricators Fabricators Associates, Lake Zurich, Ill. B.D. Keil, Northwest Pipe Company, Draper, Utah J.L. Luka, American A merican SpiralWeld SpiralWeld Pipe Company Company,, Columbia, S.C. S.C. R. Mielke,* Northwes Northwestt Pipe Company, Ra Raleigh, leigh, N.C. J. Olmos, Ameron Ameron Water Water ransmission ransmission Group, Group, Rancho Cucamonga, Calif. G.F. Ruchti,* Consulta Consultant, nt, Punta Gorda, Fla. B.P.. Simpson,* Americ B.P American an Cast Iron Pipe Company, Birming Birmingham, ham, Ala Ala.. D. Walker, Avid Protect Protective ive Products LD/nemec LD/nemec Company, Oak Oakvil ville, le, Ont., Ont., Canada J.A. Wise, Canus International International Sales Inc., Surrey, B.C., B.C., Canada
(AW WA) (AW (AW (A W WA) (AW (A W WA) (AW (A W WA) (AW (A W WA) (AWWA) (AW (A W WA) (AWWA) (AW (A W WA) (AWWA) (AWWA) (AWWA) (AW (A W WA)
User Members G.A.. Ander G.A Andersen, sen, New York City Bureau of Water Supply Supply,, Little Neck, N.Y N.Y..
(AWWA)
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Bob Cheng, Metro Vancouver, Burnaby, B.C., Canad Canadaa M.E. Conner, San Diego Count Countyy Water Authorit Authorityy, San Diego, Cal Calif. if. R.V.. Frisz, US Bureau of Recla R.V Reclamation, mation, Denver, Colo. G. George, acoma Public Utilitie Utilities, s, acoma, Wash. .J. Jordan, Metropolita Metropolitan n Water Distric Districtt of Southern Cal California ifornia,, La Verne, Cali Calif. f. M. McReynolds,* Metropolitan Metropolitan Water District of Southern California, Ca lifornia, Los Angeles, Calif. N.A. Wigner Wigner,, Los Angeles Department of Water and Pow Power, er, Los Angeles, Calif.
(AWWA) (AWWA) (USBR) (AWWA) (AWWA) (AWWA) (AWWA) (AWWA) (A WWA)
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Contents All AWWA standard standardss follow the general format indicated subsequently. Some variations from this format may be found in a particular standard. SEC.
PAG E
SEC.
PAGE
Foreword
4.4
Epoxy Application............................. 5
I
Introduction..................................... ix
4.5
Epoxy Repair .................................... 8
I.A
Background ...................................... ix
4.6
Welded Field Join Joints ts ........................... 8
I.B
History ............................................. ix
4.7
I.C
Acceptance ....................................... ix
Coating Special Pipe Connections and Appurtenances...................... 8
II
Special Issues ..................................... x
4.8
Field Procedures ................................ 9
III
Use of Tis Standard ........................ xi
5
Verification
5.11 5.
Epoxy Materials Prequalification ....... 9
5.2
Requirements of Epoxy System........ 10
5.3
Quality Assura Assurance nce and Records ....... 10
5.4
Inspec tion and estin Inspection estingg by the Purchaser .................................. 11
5.55 5.
Quality Control Requirements of Applied Epoxy Epoxy System ............... 11
5.6
Rejection ......................................... 12 12
6
Delivery
6.1
Marking .......................................... 13
6.2
Packaging and Storage..................... 13
III.A Purchaser Options and Alternatives ................................ xi III.B Modification to Standard ................ xii IV
Major Revisions............................... xii
V
Comments ..................................... xiii
Standard
1
General
1.11 1.
Scope ................................................ 1
1.2
Purpose ............................................. 2
1.3
Application........................................ 2
2
References
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Foreword Tis foreword is for information only and is not a part of ANSI*/ A NSI*/AWWA AWWA C210. C210. I.
Introduction.
I.A. Background. Tis standard was was developed developed to provide information for the use of liquid-epoxy coatings for the exterior coating and interior lining of steel water pipe. pipe. Te Te standard has been revised periodically to meet increasingly demanding environmental and health-effects regulations and to modify procedures based on technological advances. I.B. ANSI/A /AW W WA C21 C2100 was approved approved for for issue History. Te first edition of ANSI in May 1978 under the title “Coal-ar Epoxy Coating System for the Interior and Exterior Exter ior of Steel Water Pipe.” Pipe.” Te second and third editions ed itions were approved on June 10, 10, 1984, and June 18, 1992, respectively, and published under the title “Liquid-Epoxy Coating Systems for the Interior and Exterior of Steel Water Pipelines.” Te fourth edition of ANSI/AWWA C210 was approved by the AWWA Board of Directors on June 15, 15, 1997 1997.. Te fifth edition ed ition was approved on Jan. 19, 19, 2003. Te sixth edition was approved on June 24, 2007. Tis edition was approved on June 7, 2015. I.C. Acceptance. In May 1985, the US Environmenta Environmentall Protection Agency (USEPA) entered into a cooperative agreement with a consortium led by NSF International (NSF) to develop voluntary third-party consensus standards and a certification certific ation program for direct and indirect drinking drin king water additives. Other members of the original consortium included the Water Research Foundation (formerly (formerly AwwaRF) AwwaR F) and the Conference of State Health and Environmental Managers (COSHEM). Te American Water Works Works Association (AWWA) (AWWA) and a nd the Association of State Drinking
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2. Specific policies of the state or local agency agency.. 3. wo stand standards ards developed under the direc direction tion of NSF*: NSF/ NSF/ANSI ANSI 60, Drinking Water reatment reatment Chemicals—Health Effects, and NSF/ANSI NSF/ANSI 61, Drinking Water W ater System Compone Components—Health nts—Health Effects. 4. Other references, including AW WA standards, Food Chemicals Codex , Water Chemicals Codex ,† and other standards considered appropriate by the state or local agency a gency.. Various certification certi fication organizations may be involved in certifying certif ying products in accordance with NSF/ANSI 61. Individual states or local agencies have authority to accept or accredit certification certific ation organizations within their jurisdictions. Accreditation of certification organizations may vary from f rom jurisdiction to jurisdiction. Annex A, “ “oxico oxicology logy Review and Evaluation Evaluation Procedures, Procedures,”” to NSF NSF//ANSI 61 does not stipulate a maximum allowable level (MAL) of a contaminant for substances not regulated by a USEPA final maximum contaminant level (MCL). Te MALs of an unspecified list of “unregulated contaminants” are based on toxicity testing guidelines (noncarcinogens) and risk characterization methodology (carcinogens). Use of Annex A procedures may not always be identical, depending on the certifier. ANSI/AW ANSI/A W WA C210 does not address additives requirements. Tus, users of this t his standard should consult the appropriate state or local agency having jurisdiction in order to 1. Determine additives requirements, including applicabl applicablee standards. 2. Determine the status of certific certifications ations by parties offering to certif certifyy products for contact with, or treatment of, drinking water. 3. Determine current information on product certific certification. ation. II. Special Issues. Tis standard provides guidance in selecting and evaluating
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Soluble salts and other inorganic contaminants on a prepared steel surface have been known to influence coating performance. Procedures for determining the presence of these contaminants as well as the method of quantifying them are currently being evaluated by technical organizations serving the coating and lining industry. If an extended period of aboveground storage of the coated pipe is anticipated, consideration should be given to the ability of the coating to resist degradation by ultraviolet light and other atmospheric and environmental conditions. Te purchaser should consult the manufacturer for specific conditions and limitations. Tis standard does not describe materials and procedures that may be required for difficult conditio c onditions, ns, such as those encountered in construction of some submarine lines, casing pipe, river crossings, and rocky areas. III. Use of Tis Standard. It is the responsibility of the user of an AWWA standard to determine that the products described in that standard are suitable for use in the particular part icular application being considered. considered. III.A. Purchaser Options and Alternatives. Te following following items should be provided by the purchaser: 1. Standard used—that is, ANSI/A ANSI/AW W WA C21 C210, 0, Liquid-Epo Liquid-Epoxy xy Coatings Coatings and Linings for Steel Wa Water ter Pipe and Fittings, of latest revision. 2. Details of other federal, state or provincial, and local requirements requirements and regulations (Sec. 4.2). 3. For application applicationss other other than potable water water,, whether whether compliance compliance with with NSF/ NSF/ ANSI 61 Drinking Water Water System Compon Components—Health ents—Health Effects is required (Sec. 4.2.3) 4.2.3).. 4. Visual comparative standard for surface preparation preparation (Sec. 4.4.2.3) 4.4.2.3).. 5. Holdback for field welds (Sec. 4.4.3.2). 6. Te minimum and maximum dry film thicknesses (DF) of the lining or
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III.B. Modification to Standard. Any modification of the provisio provisions, ns, definitions, or terminology in this standard must be provided by the purchaser. IV. Major Revisions. Major changes made to the standard in this revision include the following: 1. Te title title of of the standard was changed to be consistent consistent with other other AWWA AWWA steel pipe coating standards. 2. Sec. III.A, Purchaser Options Options and Alternatives, was updated to reflect changes in the standard. 3. Section 2, References, was updated. 4. Te definition for potable water was added to Section 3, Definitions. 5. A new new Sec. 4.2.3 was added to address certification to NSF NSF/ANSI /ANSI 61 if the lining system is in contact with potable water. 6. Old Sec. 4.3, 4.3, Coating Coating System, System, was renamed renamed Epoxy Epoxy System System and revised to be consistent with other AWWA steel pipe coating and lining standards, and the epoxy thickness information was moved to the new Sec. 4.4.3.7, Epoxy thickness, for better readability. 7. Old Sec. 4.3.3, Applied, Cured Coating Requirements, was moved to Sec. 5.5.2, 5.5.2, Cure, to reduce redundancy and improve continuity continuity of the t he standard.
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16. Sec. 4.8 was modified to be consistent consistent with other other AWWA AWWA steel pipe coating and lining standards sta ndards and now references AWWA AWWA C604. 17. Section 5, Verification, was revised revised and the heading titles titles and format format were updated to be consistent with the new language langua ge and format being used in AWWA steel pipe coating and lining standards. 18. Sec. 5.2.1.2, 5.2.1.2, Cathodic Cathodic disbondment, disbondment, was was updated with more more detail. 19. A new Sec. 5.2.1.3 5.2.1.3 on dielectric strength was added. 20. A new new Sec. 5.3, Quality Assurance and Records, was added. 21.. A new qual 21 quality ity control requirement for appear appearance ance was added (Sec. 5.5.1 5.5.1). ). 22. Te quality control control requirements requirements for cure (Sec. (Sec. 5.5.2) 5.5.2),, dry film thickness (Sec. 5.5.3), electrical continuity inspection (Sec. 5.5.4), and adhesion (Sec. 5.5.5) were updated. 23. Sec. 5.5.5 5.5.5,, Adhesion, was was revised and new sections on frequency frequency of testing (Sec. 5.5.5.1) and rejection of pipe (Sec. 5.5.5.2) were added. 24. Sec. 5.6, Rejection, was updated updated and expanded. 25.. Section 6, Delivery, 25 Delivery, was modified to be consistent consistent with other AW WA steel pipe coating and lining standards. 26. Sec. 6.3, Affidavit of Compliance, was revised to be consistent consistent with with the
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ANSI/AWWA C210-15
(Revision of ANSI/AWWA C210-07)
®
AWWA Standard
Liquid-Epoxy Coatings and Linings for Steel Water Pipe and Fittings
SECTION 1:
GENERAL
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2 AWWA C210-15
Sec. 1.2
Purpose Te purpose of this standard is to provide the minimum requirements for liquid-epoxy liquid-epo xy coatings and linings for steel water pipe and fittings, including i ncluding material, application, inspection, testing, performance requirements, packaging, and storage requirements.
Sec. 1.3
Application Tis standard can be referenced in documents for liquid-epoxy coatings and linings for steel water pipe and fittings. Te stipulations of this standard apply when this document has been referenced and then t hen only to liquid-epoxy coatings and linings for steel water pipe and fittings. fitt ings.
SECTION 2:
REFERENCES REFERENC ES
Tis standard references the following documents. In their latest editions, they form a part of this standard sta ndard to the extent specified within the standard. In any a ny case of conflict, the requirements of this standard shall prevail. ANSI*/A ANSI* /AW W WA C203— C203—CoalCoal- ar Protective Coatings and Linings for Steel
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LIQUID-EPOXY LIQUID-EPOX Y COA COATINGS TINGS AND LININGS FOR STEEL WATER PIPE AND FITTINGS
3
ASM* D14 149— 9—Standard Standard est Method for Dielectric Breakdown Voltage and Dielectric Strength of Solid Electrical Insulating Materials at Commercial Power Frequencies. ASM D441 D4417—Standard 7—Standard est Method for Field Measurement of Surface Profile of Blast Cleaned Steel. ASM D454 D4541—Standard 1—Standard est Method for Pull-Off Strength of Coatings Using Portable Adhesion esters. ASM D5402—Standard Practice for Assessing the Solven Solventt Resistance of Organic Coatings Using Solvent Solvent Rubs. ASM G8— G8—Standard Standard est Methods for Cathodic Disbon Disbonding ding of Pipeline Coatings.
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4 AWWA C210-15
4. Purchaser: Te person, person, company company,, or or organization organization that purchases any materials or work to be performed. per formed. 5. Supplier: Te part partyy that supplies supplies materials or services. A supplie supplierr may may or may not be the manufacturer.
SECTION 4: Sec. 4.1
REQUIREMENTS REQUIREM ENTS
Equipment Te constructor’s equipment equipment for abrasive blast cleaning and a nd epoxy application shall be of such design, manufacture, and condition to permit the constructor to
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LIQUID-EPOXY LIQUID-EPOX Y COA COATINGS TINGS AND LININGS FOR STEEL WATER PIPE AND FITTINGS
able 1
Prequalification requirements of epoxy system Requirement Propert y
Minimum
Ma ximum
Immersion and vapor phase, 30 days
Sec. 5.2.1.1
a. Deionized water
Pass
b. Sulfuric acid, 1 percent by weight
Pass
c. Sodium hydroxide, 1 percent by weight
Pass
Cathodic disbondment Dielectric strength
able 2
est Method
10 mm (0.39 in.) 250 V/mil
Quality control requirements of applied epoxy system
Sec. 5.2.1.2 Sec. 5.2.1.3
5
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6 AWWA C210-15
4.4.2.3 Visual comparative standards. If required by the purchaser, prior to abrasive blast cleaning, the constructor shall prepare a representative area of the abrasive blast-cleaned surface on the actual work surface, as well as a visual comparative standard on steel panels that are a minimum of 6 in. × 6 in. × 0.25 in. (150 mm × 150 mm × 6 mm). On agreement with the purchaser and constructor that the visual standard meets the requirements of Sec. 4.4.2.2, the panels shall be wrapped in 4-mil to 6-mil (100-�m to 150-�m) thick plastic, sealed with tape or otherwise protected from surface contamination or corrosion, and maintained as visual reference standards throughout the coating operations. Alternatively, other industry-accepted visual comparative standards, such as a s SSPC-VIS-1, SSPC-VIS-1, and as agreed on by the purchaser and constructor, may be used.
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LIQUID-EPOXY LIQUID-EPOX Y COA COATINGS TINGS AND LININGS FOR STEEL WATER PIPE AND FITTINGS
7
ANSI /AW ANSI/A W WA C209, ANSI/AW ANSI/AW WA C210, C210, or ANSI/AW ANSI/AW WA C216. C216. Te application methods are also described in ANSI/AWWA C604, but the joint coating system selected is limited to the systems s ystems listed above. 4.4.3.44 Pipe ends for nonw 4.4.3. nonwelded elded field joints. When specified by the purchaser and when rubber-gasketed joints or mechanical couplings are used, the epoxy coating shall extend to the ends of the pipe. Otherwise a holdback of sufficient distance that will not interfere with gasket sealing surfaces shall be supplied. Te epoxy thickness on the pipe surfaces that receive rubber sealing gaskets shall not exceed what is recommended by the manufacturer of the coupling. If the purchaser specifies steel pipe with rubber-gasketed joints, a lining of liquid epoxy meeting the requirements of this standard, and a pipe coating of another material, such as those
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8 AWWA C210-15
4.4.3.8 Cure. Te epoxy manufacturer shall be consulted to ascerta ascertain in the proper cure time and methods. After Af ter application, application, the epoxy shall be tested for cure in accordance with Sec. 5.5.2.
Sec. 4.5
Epoxy Repair
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LIQUID-EPOXY LIQUID-EPOX Y COA COATINGS TINGS AND LININGS FOR STEEL WATER PIPE AND FITTINGS
9
4.7.2 Surface preparation. Surfaces of pipe connections and appurteappurtenances to be coated or lined shall be prepared in accordance with Sec. 4.4.2. Abrasive blasting of bolts shall only be performed if requested by the purchaser. 4.7.3 Epoxy application.
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10 AWWA C210-1 C210-15 5
of samples of the epoxy materials submitted by the constructor with testing conducted at an independent laboratory laboratory or (2) acceptance on another specified basis. ba sis.
Sec. 5.2
Requirements of Epoxy System 5.2.1 Prequalification requirements of epoxy system.
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LIQUID-EPOXY LIQUID-EPOX Y COATINGS COATINGS AND LININGS FOR STEEL WA WATER TER PIPE PIPE AND FIT FITTINGS TINGS
Sec. 5.4
11
Inspection and esting by the Purchaser 5.4.1 Inspection. Te entire entire procedure of applying the epoxy materials materials as described in this standard standa rd may be inspected by the purchaser from surface preparation to completion of application. application. Such inspection shall not relieve the constructor construc tor
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12 AWWA C210 C210-1 -15 5
minimum specified epoxy thickness. Any holidays indicated by the detector shall be marked to identify the area to be repaired in accordance with Sec. 4.5. 5.5.5 Adhesion. Te adhesion adhesion or or bond bond of the epoxy epoxy to the steel and the intercoat adhesion adhesion of the succeeding coats after curing cu ring shall be determined in accor-
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