Aula 1 - Descobrimento

 

MOW\×UOD

„LJWGCEUO@JF\C‐ „LJWGCEUO@JF\ C‐ LC EUDWON

 

YUÏ-GDEUDN •

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Àflocs - Gjrgd lj : `onmújs Xärods jtfods ;

\upo-audrdfos ‗ Hdoxds notcråfjds @dgrc-kë cu tdpuods ‗ rjaoçc lc pndfdntc gjftrdn Drudqujs cu drudb ‗ D`dzüfod Gdrdàeds cu bdroe ‗ D`dzüfod `dos dc fcrtj

 

ÀFLOCW •

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Fçc `dfkdvd` lcs `jtdos2 Wud scgojldlj vovod j` troecs, vovod` j` cgds2

Gdádlcrjs-gcnjtcrjs cu daroguntcrjs2 Gdádlcrjs-gcnjtcrjs Yndftdvd` `dflocgd, `onmc, edtdtd j hjokçc2

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C trdednmc jrd lovolc pcr sjxc; @unmjrjs ‗ gdsd j rcád Mc`jfs ‗ gdád, gcnjtd j AZJUUD ‗ Dftrcpchäaod.

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D JWTZDLUD LJ GDEUDN •

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55 lj deron lj 4:992 4» gcftdtc gc` cs oflàajfds2 Ujgcfmjgo`jftc ld tjrrd2 Ujgcfmjgo`jftc Eusgd lj `jtdos2 \jrrd lj Xjrd Gruz2 Gdrtd lj Gd`ofmd2

 

GDU\D LJ GD@OFMD •

„Jfqudftc dssosd`cs é `ossd j dc sj sjr`çc, r`çc, jstdrod fd prdod cutrd tdftd ajftj, ajftj, pcugc `dos cu `jfcs, gc`c d lj cftj`, gc` sjus drgcs jdgdedld sjtds, jddfldvd` hcnadflc. cnmdflc-fcs, sjftdrd`. J ljpcos `ossd, qudflc f÷s Jsjftdlcs dtjflàd`cs d prjadáçc, prjadáçc , lj njvdftdrd`-sj njvdftdr d`-sj `uotcs ljnj ljnjss j tdfajr tdfajrd, d, gürfc cu euzofd j gc`jádrd` d sdntdr j ldfádr u` pjldác.‐

 

GC@C GDO FD YUCXD3 •

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oflàajfds erdsonjords, fc pjràclc ofogodn ld  (ZHW@) Wcerj d cradfozdáçc jgcfü`ogd, scgodn j pcnàgd lds gc`ufoldljs oflàajfds gcfquostd lc tjrrot÷roc pjncs pcrtuaujsjs, ï gcrrjtc dr`dr; O. Cs fdvcs vovod` j` rjao`j lj gc`ufoldlj pro`ovd, j` quj d tjrrd jrd lj prcprojldlj provdld lcs gdsdos j cs ofstru`jftcs lj trdednmc jrd` lj prcprojldlj gcnjvd. gcnjvd. OO. D lovosçc lds tdrjhds jrd pcr sjxc j pcr oldlj2 ds `unmjrjs gczofmd gczofmdvd`, vd`, guoldvd` lds grodfáds, pndftdvd` j gcnmod`2 cs mc`jfs pdrgopdvd` lj dvoldljs aujrrjords, ld gdád, ld pjsgd j ld ljrruedld ld crjstd pdrd hdzjr d ndvcurd. OOO. D scgojldlj jrd cradfozdld j` gndssjs scgodos, sjflc c jxgjljftj ld prcluáçc gcftrcndlc pjncs gmjhjs lds dnljods, rjspcfsävjos rjspcfsä vjos pjnd lostroeuoáçc lcs ejfs jftrj cs oflàajfds. OX. Cs oflàajfds erdsonjorcs fçc prdgdvd` c gc`ïrgoc pcos tulc quj prcluzod` ljsfdvd-sj é suesostëfgod, rjdnozdflc dpjfds trcgds rotudos lj prjsjftjs. prjsjftjs. Jstä(çc) gcrrjtd(s) d) dpjfds O j OO. e) dpjfds O j OOO. g) dpjfds OOO. l) dpjfds OX. j) dpjfds OO j OX.

 

GC@C GDO FD YUCXD3 •

 (ZHH) D „Gdrtd lj Yjrc Xdz lj Gd`ofmd‐, jsgrotd j` 4:99, ï gcfsoljrdld gc`c u`

lcs lcgu`jftcs hufldlcrjs ld \jrrd Erdsonos j rjjtj, j` sju tjxtc, vdncrjs ajrdos ld gunturd rjfdsgjfstd, ljftrj cs qudos ljstdgd-sj; d) d vosçc lc àfloc gc`c pjrtjfgjftj dc ufovjrsc fçc rjnoaocsc, tjflc j` gcftd sud dftrcpchdaod2 e) d ofhcr`dáçc scerj cs prjgcfgjotcs ljsjfvcnvolcs pjnc rjfdsgo`jftc fc quj tdfaj é o`pcssoeonoldlj lj sj hcr`dr fcs tr÷pogcs u`d govonozdáçc gdt÷nogd j `cljrfd2 g) d oljfgdáçc lc Fcvc @uflc gc`c u`d ärjd lj ofsugjssc ljvolc é jnjvdld tj`pjrdturd quj fdld ljoxdrod prcluzor2 l) d cesjrvdáçc ld fdturjzd j lc mc`j` lc Fcvc @uflc gc`c rjsuntdlc ld jxpjroëfgod ld fcvd vosçc lj mc`j`, gdrdgtjràsgd lc sïgunc ]X2

 

GC@C GDO FD YUCXD3 (Zhs` 5994) O. onustrd d `dfjord hcr`dn lcs fdvjadftjs pcrtuaujsjs hrjftj é ofajfuoldlj lcs àflocs. OO. rjhjrj-sj rjhjrj-sj d u`d pdssovoldlj lcs àflocs lodftj lcs fdvjadftjs pcrtuaujsjs. OOO. dssofdnd, lj `dfjord gü`ogd, gü`ogd, c jfgcftrc lj luds govonozdáújs govonozdáú js quj rjsuntdrod rjsuntdrod j` jtfcgàloc. OX. dfufgod d lospcsoáçc eïnogd lc jxpdfsocfos`c pcrtuauës j d rjsostëfgod oflàajfd. •

Jstä(çc) d) dpjfdsgcrrjtd(s) O. e) dpjfds OO. g) dpjfds O j OOO. l) dpjfds OO j OX. j) dpjfds OOO j OX.

 

GC@C GDO FD YUCXD3 •

  (ZHUAW/594=) Njod c sja`jftc dedoxc, lc jsgrotcr oflàajfd Dontcf Brjfdb.

Cs hdtcs j d most÷rod rjgjftj lcs ûn`cs :99 dfcs të` oflogdlc quj c tj`pc ljssj jfgcftrc jftrj ds fcssds gunturds ï u` tj`pc quj dgcftjgj j sj rjpjtj tclc lod. Fçc mcuvj u` jfgcftrc jftrj ds gunturds lcs pcvcs lc Cgoljftj j d gunturd lc gcffjftj d`jrogdfc fu`d ldtd j fu` tj`pc lj`drgdlc quj pulïssj`cs gmd`dr lj 4:99 cu lj 4=99. Jstd`cs gcfvovjflc gc` jssj gcftdtc ljslj sj`prj.

BUJFDB, Dontcf. C jtjrfc rjtcrfc lc jfgcftrc. Of; FCXDJW, Dldutc (cra.). D cutrd `draj` lc Cgoljftj. Wçc Ydunc; Hufdrtj, Gc`pdfmod lds Njtrds, 4???. p. 5:. Gcfsoljrdflc d most÷rod oflàajfd fc Erdson, d profgopdn oljod gcfld fc sja`jftc ï d) fjadáçc ld gcfquostd jurcpjod fd D`ïrogd, j` 4:99. e) dusëfgod lj trdfshcr`dáçc scgodn fds scgojldljs d`jràflods. g) jxgnusçc lcs pcvcs d`jrogdfcs ld most÷rod cgoljftdn. l) jstdafdáçc scgodn lc gcffjftj sund`jrogdfc dp÷s d gmjadld lcs jurcpjus. j) gcffuoldlj most÷rogd lc gcftdtc gunturdn jftrj cgoljftdos j oflàajfds.

 

GC@C GDO FD YUCXD3 •

 (ZLJWG 594=/4) Ï prägd gc`u` fcs prcard`ds jsgcndrjs d ljno`otdáçc lj ldtds quj `drgd` c ofàgoc j, `uotds vjzjs, c ` lj prcgjsscs most÷rogcs. Fc gdsc ld Most÷rod lc Erdson, c dfc lj 4:99 rjgjej edstdftj dtjfáçc.

D rjspjotc lc dfc lj 4:99 gc`c ofàgoc cgodn ld Most÷rod lc Erdson, dfdnosj ds prcpcsoáújs. O. D ljfoáçc lj ldtds gc`c `drgcs most÷rogcs tj` o`pnogdáújs pcnàgds, u`d vjz quj jnjaj gjrtcs jvjftcs gc`c hufld`jftdos. Fc gdsc ld Most÷rod lc Erdson, d ëfhdsj fc dfc lj 4:99 rjssdntd d o`pcrtåfgod dtroeuàld é gmjadld lcs jurcpjus pdrd d gcfstuoáçc ld most÷rod erdsonjord. OO. Dc ljfor c dfc lj 4:99 gc`c `drgc ofogodn pdrd d Most÷rod lc Erdson, gcrrj-sj c rosgc lj ljsgcfsoljrdr ljsgcfsoljrdr d o`pcrtåfgod ld most÷rod, ds gdrdgtjràsgds j cs gcstu`js lcs värocs arupcs oflàajfds quj kä mdeotdvd` c tjrrot÷roc, quj sjrod pcstjrocr`jf pcstjrocr`jftj tj gcfmjgolc gc`c Erdson. OOO. D ljfoáçc lc dfc lj 4:99, gc`c `drgc pdrd c ofàgoc cgodn ld Most÷rod lc Erdson, hco rjsuntdlc lj u`d sïroj lj lj`dflds pcpundrjs quj rjovoflogdvd` rjovoflogdvd` d pcssoeonoldlj lj cpofdr d rjspjotc ld cgodnozdáçc ld Most÷rod Fdgocfdn. Dssofdnj d dntjrfdvd gcrrjtd. D) Wc`jftj ds dr`dvds O j OO sçc vjrldljords. E) Wc`jftj ds dr`dvds OO j OOO sçc vjrldljords. G) Wc`jftj ds dr`dvds O j OOO sçc vjrldljords. L) Wc`jftj d dr`dvd O ï vjrldljord. J) Wc`jftj d dr`dvd OO ï vjrldljord.

 

GC@C GDO FD YUCXD3 (@dgbjfzoj) Jfqudftc cs pcrtuaujsjs jsgutdvd` d `ossd gc` `uotc "prdzjr j ljvcáçc", d prdod jfgmju-sj lj fdvcs. Jnjs sjftdv sjftdvd`-sj d`-sj nä surprjscs gc` d gc`pnjxoldlj lc rotudn quj cesjrvd cesjrvdvd` vd` dc ncfaj. Tudflc L. Mjfroquj dgdecu d prjadáçc, cs oflàajfds sj jraujrd` j gc`jádrd` d scprdr gcfgmds j euzofds, sdntdflc j ldfádflc (…) Fäuhrdacs Ljarjldlcs j \rdgdftjs (Jludrlc Eujfc) Jstj gcftdtc d`ostcsc jftrj erdfgcs j àflocs jrd prjsjrvdlc; d) pjnd Oarjkd, quj sj`prj rjspjotcu d gunturd oflàajfd fc ljgursc ld gdtjqujsj. e) dtï c ofàgoc ld gcncfozdáçc qudflc c àfloc, vo`dlc pcr lcjfáds, jsgrdvolçc j jxtjr`àfoc, pdsscu d sjr ljsgrotc gc`c sjflc sjnvdaj`, oflcnjft oflcnjftjj j gdfoedn. •

g) pjncs gcncfcs quj jsgrdvozdrd` sc`jftj c dhrogdfc fd dvoldlj prcluvd lj jxpcrtdáçc. l) j` tclcs cs pjràclcs ld Most÷rod Gcncfodn Erdsonjord, pdssdflc d aurd lc àfloc pdrd c o`daofäroc scgodn gc`c "c ec` sjnvdaj` j hcrtj gcndecrdlcr ld gcncfozdáçc". j) scerjtulc pjnc acvjrfc gcncfodn, quj tc`cu värods `jlolds pdrd o`pjlor c ajfcgàloc j d jsgrdvolçc.