Auditoria de Gestión Norma Iso 31000

 

 CKÃD@_@_ GJ DC KLQMC @_L @_L ?3999

YQJ_JKWCGL YLQ8 PZDP BCWEJQ@KJ DLYJQC HCQC

YQJ_JKWCGL C8 D@GC PCKJWE ZQ@AJ

@K_W@WZO@ßK GJ JGZOCO@ßK _ZYJQ@LQ —@WF@Y” FCOZDWCG GJ JOLKLMÍC, CGMK@_WQCO@ßK P OLKWCGZQÍC OLKWCGZQÍC YØAD@OC U _JMJ_WQJ  CZG@WLQÍC GJ NJ_W@ßK 1919

 

KLQMC @_L ?3999 Dc klrmc @_L ?3999 slarj Njst`ÿk gj Q`jsnls prlplro`lkc ukc nuíc y ukls pr`ko`p`ls quj cyugck c dcs jmprjscs  jk jd ckãd`s`s y jvcduco`ÿk gj dls r`jsnls2 js gjo`r, tlgcs dcs lrnck`zco`lkjs njst`lkck sus r`jsnls gj ukc u ltrc flrmc. Yjrl dc klrmc @_L ?3999 rjolnj ukc sjr`j gj aujkcs prãot`ocs `ktjrkco`lkcdjs quj qu j pr prlpl lplro` ro`lk lkcrã crãk k dc jf jf`o `o`j `jkt ktj j nj njst st`ÿ `ÿk k gj dl dlss r` r`js jsnls nls c tl tlgls gls dl dlss k`vj k`vjdj djs, s, jspjo`cdmjktj c k`vjd lpjrct`vl, gj nla`jrkl y, muy `mplrtcktj, c k`vjd gj dc olkf`ckzc gj dcs pcrtjs `ktjrjscgcs. Ylr tc tckt ktl, l, s` s`rv rvj j gj ol olmp mpdj djmj mjkt ktl l pj pjrf rfjot jotl l pc pcrc rc jd rjstl rjstl gj ku kujv jvcs cs kl klrm rmcs cs puad`ocgcs, cplrtckgl kl sÿdl jd jkflquj acscgl jk r`jsnls, s`kl uk `korjmjktl jk dc sjnur`gcg. ¼SZÀ J_ JD Q@J_NL JMYQJ_CQ@CD< Js mck ckjh jhcr cr dc `koj `kojrt rt``gu gum mar arj j qu quj j sj pr prjs jsjk jkttc jk ocg ocgc gj gjoo`s`ÿ `s`ÿk k gj ukc ukc lrnck lr nck`z `zco co`ÿ `ÿk, k, yc qu quj j ecojr ecojr fr frjk jktj tj cd r` r`js jsnl nl js pcrt pcrtj j gj dc nl nlajr ajrkc kckzc kzc y jd d`gjrcznl, y js fukgcmjktcd pcrc dc njst`ÿk gj ukc lrnck`zco`ÿk jk tlgls dls k`vjdjs. W@YL_ GJ Q@J_NL_ JMYQJ_CQ@CDJ_ _jnøk jd t`pl gj cot`v`gcg8 -

Q`js Q`jsnl nl _` _`st stjm jmãt ãt`o `ol8 l8 Js tcm tcma` a`àk àk olkl olklo` o`gl gl olml olml "r`j "r`jsn snl l gj mj mjro rocg cgl" l" l "r` "r`jsn jsnl l kl g`vjrs` g`vjrs`f`o f`ocad cadj", j", jknd jkndlac lac cd olk olkhuk huktl tl gj fcotlr fcotlrjs js jol jolkÿm kÿm`ol `ols, s, mlkj ml kjtc tcr` r`ls, ls, pldí pldít`t`ols ols y slo slo`c `cdj djss qu quj j pr prlvl lvloc ock k dc dcss vc vcr`c r`co` o`lkj lkjss gj dc rjktca`d`gcg gj uk cot`vl.

-

Q`j Q`jsnl snl Kl _` _`stj stjmãt mãt`ol `ol88 Js tcm tcma`à a`àk k olklo`g olklo`gl l olml "r "r`js `jsnl nl g`v g`vjrs jrs`f` `f`oca ocadj", dj", jkndlac cd olkhuktl gj fcotlrjs prlp`ls gj ukc jmprjsc l `kgustr`c, y quj cfjotck sldl c dc rjktca`d`gcg gj su coo`ÿk l alkl. Jk ltrcs pcdcarcs, jd

 

r`jsnl kl s`stjmãt`ol surnj gj dc `kojrt`gumarj quj rlgjc c ukc jmprjsc plr jd gjscrrlddl gj su kjnlo` kjnlo`l, l, yc sjc plr dcs prlp`cs o`roukst o`roukstcko`cs cko`cs gj dc jmprjsc l plr dcs gjd sjotlr cd quj pjrtjkjzoc.

_jnøk su kcturcdjzc -

Q`js Q`jsnl nlss f`f`kck kcko` o`jrl jrls8 s8 Js dc pl pls` s`a` a`d`d`gc gcg g gj pàr pàrg` g`gc gc l `k `kojr ojrt`t`gum gumar arj j quj quj sj t`jkj slarj jd rjkg`m`jktl gj ukc `kvjrs`ÿk, `mpls`a`d`tckgl quj jd kjnlo`l ouarc sus lad`nco`lkjs f`kcko`jrcs jk gjtjrm`kcgl pjr`lgl gj t`jmpl y sj vujdvc `kjstcadj2 jd r`jsnl f`kcko`jrl js cqujd cslo`cgl c tlgl t`pl gj f`kcko`co`ÿk.

-

Q`jsn `jsnls ls Jo Jolk lkÿm ÿm`o `ols ls88 js uk ukc c pr prla lac ca`d a`d`gcg `gcg,, quj quj rj rjfd fdjh jhc c dcs pl pls` s`ad adjs js vcr`co`lkjs quj sj pujgjk prlguo`r jk dls g`st`ktls jsojkcr`ls olk dls quj `ktjrcotøc ukc olmpcóíc. Gj jstc flrmc, jd r`jsnl jolkÿm`ol m`gj dc `kojrt `ko jrt`gu `gumar marj j njk njkjrc jrcgc gc plr dls g`st g`st`kt `ktls ls pls pls`ad `adjs js suo suojsl jslss quj puj pujgjk gjk gcrsj c dl dcrnl gjd t`jmpl, dls oucdjs pujgjk tjkjr uk `mpcotl g`rjotl jk dc jmprjsc.

-

Q`j Q`jsnl snlss Cma` Cma`jkt jktcdj cdjs8 s8 Jstã Jstã rjd rjdco`l co`lkcg kcgl l c dls gc gcóls óls qu quj j pujg pujgjk jk prl prlguo guo`rs `rsj j plr fcotlrjs gjd jktlrkl, yc sjck prlp`ls gj dc kcturcdjzc l prlvlocgls plr  jd sjr sjr eu eumc mckl kl.. Dc cot` cot`v` v`gc gcg g pr prlg lguo uot`t`vc vc l jolk jolkÿm ÿm`o `oc c y dc ua ua`o `oco co`ÿ `ÿk k njlnrãf`oc slk oujst`lkjs quj pujgjk gjhcr c ukc pjrslkc l c uk nrupl gj `kg`v`guls jk ukc s`tuco`ÿk gj r`jsnl cma`jktcd.

 

-

Q`js Q`jsnl nlss Yldí Yldít`t`ols ols88 Js tl tlgc gc pls`a pls`a`d`d`g `gcg cg gj oc ocma ma`l `lss l `kjs `kjstc tca` a`d`d`gc gcg g jk dls nla` nl a`jr jrkl kls, s, qu quj j gj cdnu cdnukc kc mc mckj kjrc rc s`jm s`jmpr prj j cfjo cfjotc tcrã rã c dls dls `ktj `ktjrj rjsj sjss jolkÿm`ols gj dcs jmprjscs.

-

Q`j Q`jsnl snlss Djnc Djncdjs djs88 Js dc pr prlaca laca`d` `d`gcg gcg gj p prlgu rlguo`r o`rsj sj pàr pàrg`g g`gcs cs plrquj plrquj a` a`jk jk dcs cot`v`gcgjs gj dc jmprjsc kl jstãk olkflrmjs olk dc djn`sdco`ÿk y dc klrmct`vc v`njktj l plrquj dc olktrcpcrtj kl t`jkj dc cutlr`gcg djncd pcrc rjcd`zcr ukc trckscoo`ÿk. Ecy quj tjkjr jk oujktc quj uk hu`o`l l g`sputc djncd pujgj njkjrcr ecstc jd o`jrrj gj ukc jmprjsc.

Kcturcdjzc gj dls r`jsnls jmprjscr`cdjs -

Q`j Q`jsnl snl Y Yurl8 url8 Js jk j jdd quj j jx`s x`stj tj dc p pls` ls`a`d a`d`gc `gcg g gj pjrgjr pjrgjr l k kl l pjrg pjrgjr, jr, p pjrl jrl  hcmãs nckcr.

-

Q`js Q`jsnl nl Jsp Jspjo joud udct ct`v `vl8 l8 Js cquj cqujdd r`js r`jsnl nl jk jd ouc oucdd jx`s jx`stj tj dc prla prlaca ca`d`d`g `gcg cg gj nck ckc cr l pjrgjr y quj pujgjk trcjr cjr olksj ksjoujko`c fcvlrcad adj js l gjsfcvlrcadjs.

¼Jk quj olks`stj dc klrmc @_L ?3999< Js dc klrmc `ktjrkco`lkcd quj prlplro`lkc pr`ko`p`ls y g`rjotr`ojs jf`ocojs pcrc jd trctcm`jktl y dc njst`ÿk gj r`jsnls. Jstc klrmc, cyugc c dcs lrnck`zco`lkjs c `gjkt`f`ocr, ckcd`zcr, jvcducr y trctcr sus r`jsnls. @_L ?3999 cplrtc sus ajkjf`o`ls c lrnck`zco`lkjs pøad`ocs, pr`vcgcs l gjd sjotlr ollpjrct`vl, yc quj js pls`adj cpd`ocrdc c tlgl t`pl gj cot`v`gcgjs l kjnlo`ls, mjg`cktj jd usl gj ejrrcm`jktcs quj `koduyjk dc pdck`f`oco`ÿk, lpjrco`lkjs gj njst`ÿk y prlojsls gj olmuk`oco`ÿk.  C pjscr gj quj tlgcs dcs lrnck`zco`lkjs njst`lkck, gj ukc u ltrc flrmc, dls r` r`js jsnls nls,, dc dcss rjo rjolm lmjk jkgco gco`l `lkj kjss y dc dcss pr prão ãot`t`ocs ocs `k `kg` g`ocg ocgcs cs jk jst jstj j jstã jstãkg kgcr  cr  `ktjrkco`lkcd, eck s`gl gjscrrlddcgcs pcrc mjhlrcr dcs tàok`ocs gj njst`ÿk gj

 

r`jsnls y ncrckt`zcr csí dc sjnur`gcg jk jd duncr gj trcachl jk tlgl mlmjktl. _u ajkjf`o ajkj f`o`l, `l, js dc ocp ocpco` co`gcg gcg quj t`j t`jkj kj pcrc mjhlrcr mjhlrcr dc jf`o`j jf`o`jko` ko`c c lpj lpjrct rct`vc `vc,, dc nlajrkca`d`gcg cd `ktjr`lr gj dc lrnck`zco`ÿk y dc olkf`ckzc quj gjsp`jrtc jk dcs pcrtjs `ktjrjscgcs. @nucdmjktj, jstc klrmc cyugc c mjhlrcr jd rjkg`m`jktl jk scdug y sjnur`gcg, cd jstcadjojr ukc acsj sÿd`gc pcrc dc tlmc gj gjo`s`lkjs y flmjktcr dc njst`ÿk prlcot`vc jk tlgcs dcs ãrjcs. YCQWJ_ GJ DC KLQMC @_L ?3999 -

Yr Yr`k `ko` o`p` p`ls ls y G G`r `rjo jottr` r`oj ojs8 s8 Wlgcs dcs lrnck`zco`lkjs, gj oucdqu`jr tcmcól y jk oucdqu`jr sjotlr, jstãk jxpujstcs c ukc sjr`j gj cmjkczcs quj dcs ecojk vudkjrcadjs vudkjr cadjs y pujgjk jktlrpjo jktlrpjojr jr dc olrrjot olrrjotc c olksjou olksjouo`ÿk o`ÿk gj sus lahjt`vls, olml pujgjk sjr coo`gjktjs lpjrco`lkcdjs, jkfjrmjgcgjs, `kojkg`ls u ltrcs octãstrlfjs kcturcdjs. _j trctc gj ukc klrmc ndlacd quj prlplro`lkc pr`ko`p`ls y g`rjotr`ojs njkàr`ocs pcrc dc `mpdcktco`ÿk gj uk s`stjmc gj njst`ÿk olmpct`adj olk dls jstãkgcrjs gj njst`ÿk gj r`jsnls gj oucdqu`jr  sjotlr. Ycrc ukc jf`ocz njst`ÿk gjd r`jsnl jk dcs lrnck`zco`lkjs, dc @_L ?3999 gjtjrm`kc 33 pr`ko`p`ls aãs`ols jk dls oucdjs sj gjaj acscr ukc jmprjsc pcrc su olrrjotc `mpdcktco`ÿk gjd s`stjmc gj njst`ÿk.

-

Njs Njst`ÿ t`ÿk k gj Q`js Q`jsnls8 nls8 _ _lk lk dcs cot` cot`v`g v`gcgj cgjss ollr ollrg`kc g`kcgcs gcs pc pcrc rc g`r g`r`n` `n`rr y olkt olktrld rldcr  cr  ukc jmprjsc olk rjspjotl cd r`jsnl.



Olksjoujko`c8 Js jd rjsudtcgl gj uk jvjktl quj cfjotc c dls lahjt`vls. Zkc olksjoujko`c pujgj sjr o`jrtc l `ko`jrtc y pujgj tjkjr uk jfjotl pls`t`vl l kjnct`vl, g`rjotl l `kg`rjotl slarj dls lahjt`vls. Dcs olksjoujko`cs sj pujg pu jgjk jk jx jxpr prjsc jscrr gj fl flrm rmc c ou oucd` cd`tc tct`t`vc vc l ouc ouckt kt`t`tct ct`vc `vcmj mjkt ktj. j. Ou Oucd cdqu qu`j `jr  r  olksjoujko`c pujgj jsocdcr mjg`cktj jfjotls jk ocsocgc y coumudct`vls.

 



Yrlaca`d`gcg8 Js dc pls`a`d`gcg gj quj cdnl suojgc. Jk dc tjrm`kldlníc gj njst`ÿk gj r`jsnls, dc pcdcarc vjr`s`m`d`tug sj ut`d`zc pcrc rjfjr`rsj c dc pls`a`d`gcg pls`a `d`gcg gj cdnl quj suojgj, yc sjc gjf`k`gl, mjg`gl mjg`gl l gjtjrm gjtjrm`kcgl `kcgl gj flrmc lahjt`vc l suahjt`vcmjktj, oucd`tct`vcmjktj l ouckt`tct`vcmjktj, y sj gjsor`aj ut`d`zckgl tàrm`kls njkjrcdjs l mctjmãt`ocmjktj.

-

Vloca cau udcr cr``l gj nj njsst`ÿk8  Dc klr klrmc mc @_ @_L L ?399 ?3999 9 js jstc tcad adjoj joj uk ukc c sj sjr` r`j j gj pr`ko`p`ls quj gjajk sjr sct`sfjoels pcrc ecojr ukc njst`ÿk jf`ocz gjd r`jsnl. r`j snl. Jst Jstc c Klrmc Klrmc @kt @ktjrk jrkco` co`lkc lkcdd rjo rjolm` lm`jkgc jkgc quj dcs lrn lrnck`z ck`zco` co`lkj lkjss gjscrrlddjk, `mpdjmjktjk y mjhlrjk olkt`kucmjktj uk mcrol gj trcachl l jstruoturc gj slplrtj ouyl lahjt`vl js `ktjnrcr jd prlojsl gj njst`ÿk gj r` r`jsn jsnls ls jk jd nla` nla`jrk jrkl l olr olrpl plrct rct`v `vl l gj dc lr lrnck nck`z `zco co`ÿ `ÿk, k, pdck` pdck`f`f`oc oco` o`ÿk ÿk y jstrctjn`c, njst`ÿk, prlojsls gj `kflrmco`ÿk, pldít`ocs, vcdlrjs y oudturc.

MJWLGLDLNÍC_ GJ CKÃD@_@_ GJ Q@J_NL_ Dc klrmc @_L ?3999 jstcad jstcadjoj joj uk olkhukt olkhuktl l gj pr`ko`p`ls pr`ko`p`ls quj sj gjajk sct`sf sct`sfcojr  cojr  pcrc quj dc njst`ÿk gjd r`jsnl sjc jf`ocz2 rjolm`jkgc quj dcs lrnck`zco`lkjs gjscrrlddjk, `mpdjmjktjk y mjhlrjk gj mckjrc olkt`kucgc uk mcrol gj trcachl ouyl lahjt`vl sjc `ktjnrcr jd prlojsl gj njst`ÿk gjd r`jsnl jk dls prlojsls gj nla`jrkl, gj jstrctjn`c y gj pdck`f`oco`ÿk, gj njst`ÿk y gj jdcalrco`ÿk gj `kflrmjs, csí olml jk dcs pldít`ocs, dls vcdlrjs y jk dc oudturc gj tlgc dc lrnck`zco`ÿk. Jstc klrmc pujgj sjr ut`d`zcgc plr oucdqu`jr jkt`gcg pøad`oc l pr`vcgc, lrnck`zco`lkjs s`k ãk`ml gj duorl, cslo`co`lkjs, nrupls l `kg`v`guls.

-

MJ MJWL WLGL GLDL DLNÍ NÍC_ C_ GJ NJ_W NJ_W@ß @ßK K GJD GJD Q@J_ Q@J_NL NL _j gjf`kj jd r`jsnl olml dc jst`mco`ÿk gjd nrcgl gj jxpls`o`ÿk jk jd quj ukc cmjkczc sj mctjr`cd`zc slarj ukl l mãs cot`vls njkjrckgl gcóls l pjrhu`o`ls jk dc jmprjsc. Jd r`jsnl `kg`oc dl quj dj plgríc pcscr c dls

 

cot`vls s`kl sj prltjnjk gj flrmc cgjoucgc. Js muy `mplrtcktj scajr quà ocrcotjríst`ocs slk gj `ktjràs pcrc ocgc cot`vl, cgjmãs js kjojscr`l scajr  jk quà mjg`gc dcs ocrcotjríst`ocs sj jkoujktrck jk pjd`nrl, js gjo`r, ckcd`zcr jd s`stjmc. Jd ckãd`s`s gj r`jsnls sj gjf`kj olml uk prlojsl s`stjmãt`ol pcrc jst`mcr dc mcnk`tug gj dls r`jsnls c dls quj sj jkoujktrck jxpu jx pujs jstl tlss uk ukc c jm jmpr prjs jsc. c. Dc nj njst st`ÿ `ÿk k gj r` r`js jsnl nl js dc sjdjo jdjooo`ÿk `ÿk j `mpdjmjktc `mpdj mjktco`ÿk o`ÿk gj scdvcn scdvcnucrgcr ucrgcr pcrc olkloj olklojr, r, prjvjk` prjvjk`r, r, `mpjg`r, rjguo`r l olktrldcr tlgls dls r`jsnls quj eck s`gl `gjkt`f`ocgls. Js gjo`r, dc klrmc @_L ?3999 gjf`kj jd prlojsl gj njst`ÿk gj r`jsnls olml dc cpd`oco`ÿk s`stjmãt`oc gj dcs pldít`ocs gj njst`ÿk, dls prlojg`m`jktls y dcs prãot`ocs pcrc dcs cot`v`gcgjs quj sj ddjvck c ocal gj olmuk`oco`ÿk, olksudtlríc, jto. yc quj sj gjf`kj uk olktjxtl y sj rjcd`zc uk ckãd`s`s, ukc jvcduco`ÿk, uk trctcm`jktl y sjnu`m`jktl pcrc rjv`scr jd r`jsnl.

-

MJ MJWL WLGL GLDL DLNÍ NÍC_ C_ GJ OZCK OZCKW@ W@F@ F@OC OCO@ O@ßK ßK



MCNJQ@W8 @mpdjmjktc jd Yrlojsl gj Njst`ÿk gj Q`jsnls gjktrl gj uk mcrol gj trcachl pcrc quj dls ÿrnckls gj nla`jrkl tlmjk gjo`s`lkjs tjk`jkgl jk oujktc dls r`jsnls gjr`vcgls gjd usl gj tjokldlnícs gj dc `kflrmco`ÿk y tcma`àk sj pjrs`nuj ukc cprlx`mco`ÿk mjtÿg`oc quj kl gjhj duncr c dc `mprlv`sco`ÿk, k` gjpjkgc gj dc cra`trcr`jgcg gjd ckcd`stc.



GJD JDYE YE@@8 Js uk pr prlo lojs jsl l gl glk kgj olkv olkvjr jrnj njk k uk ukc c sj sjr` r`j j gj pjrs pjrslk lkcs cs olks`gjrcgls jxpjrtls olk jd f`k gj latjkjr uk olksjksl frjktj c ukc tjmãt`oc l prladjmãt`oc jk olmøk. Njkjrcdmjktj sj olksudtc c pjrslkcs olk olk jxpj jxpjr` r`jk jko` o`c, c, g`fj g`fjrj rjkt ktj j flrm flrmco co`ÿ `ÿk k y/l y/l hjrc hjrcrq rquí uíc. c. Js `tjr `tjrct ct`v `vl l y jstruoturcgl cd olks`gjrcr ukc sjr`j gj jtcpcs quj t`jkj olml lahjt`vl cdockzcr uk olksjksl jktrj dls cs`stjktjs c dc rjuk`ÿk.

 

MÀWLGL_ OZCD@WCW@VL_ Jstj màtlgl plr dl njkjrcd js jd `k`o`l gj oucdqu`jr jstug`l gj r`jsnls, y js muy ut`d`zcgl ouckgl jd t`jmpl y dls rjoursls mlkjtcr`ls slk jsocsls. _u pr`ko`pcd vjktchc sj gjaj c su mcylr fco`d`gcg gj oãdoudl, cd kl `mpd`ocr ukc vcdlrco`ÿk jolkÿm`oc l gj prlaca`d`gcg. Jd ckãd`s`s oucd`tct`vl sj olkstruyj achl jdjmjktls quj sj rjdco`lkck jktrj sí8 cmjkczcs, vudkjrca`d`gcgjs, `mpcotl y, jk cdnukls ocsls, olktrldjs.

MÀWLGL_ _JM@-OZCKW@WCW@VL_ _lk uk eíar`gl jktrj dls oucd`tct`vls y ouckt`tct`vls, dl quj pjrm`tj gjktrl gj dls ckãd`s`s y su njst`ÿk prlp`c, gctls jspjoíf`ols y jxcotls, cgjmãs gj hu`o`ls l jxpjr`jko`cs gj uk jspjo`cd`stc jk jd gjscrrlddl gj dc cot`v`gcg. _`k jmacrnl, prjsjktc ukc gjsvjktchc, dc oucd jstã ocrcotjr`zcgc jk quj kl vc cd gjtcddj gjd ckãd`s`s, pug`jkgl prjsjktcr g`fus`ÿk jk dls rjsudtcgls2 kl lastcktj, dc vjktchc pjrojpt`adj js quj sí dj pjrm`tj odcs`f`ocr jd r`jsnl y gcr uk `k`o`l olml aujkc prãot`oc jk dc lrnck`zco`ÿk cktj dls od`jktjs y prlvjjglrjs.

MÀWLGL_ OZCKW@WCW@VL_ _lk cqujddls quj olk acsjs kumàr`ocs sj pujgjk `kvjst`ncr, ckcd`zcr y vjr`f`ocr  `kflrmco`ÿk y gctls. Dc vjktchc gj `mpdjmjktcrdl js quj dls rjsudtcgls latjk`gls slk muoel mãs jspjoíf`ols quj oucdqu`jr ltrl, yc quj dls pls`adjs trctcm`jktls g`sjócgls c dls r`jsnls `gjkt`f`ocgls pujgjk sjr mãs jspjoíf`ols y g`r`n`gls c ukc

 

pladco`ÿk gjtjrm`kcgc, js plr jddl quj jd màtlgl gj `kvjst`nco`ÿk kumàr`oc slk dls mãs ut`d`zcgls jk dcs o`jko`cs jxcotcs. Cd `k`o`cr uk ckãd`s`s l jvcduco`ÿk gj r`jsnls sj tjknc odcrc dc fujktj gjd prladjmc, gÿkgj sj njkjrÿ y ouãdjs slk dcs pls`adjs olksjoujko`cs2 gj ltrc flrmc jd ckãd`s`s sjríc jquívlol y kl ecaríc pr`lr`zco`ÿk gj cot`v`gcgjs gj trctcm`jktl.

YQLOJ_L GJ NJ_W@ßK GJ Q@J_NL_ @_L ?3999 ?3999 `gj `gjkt` kt`f`o f`oc c s`j s`jtj tj olmplk olmplkjkt jktjs js aãs` aãs`ols ols gjd prlojsl prlojsl gj Njs Njst`t`ÿk ÿk gj Q`jsnls8 3-) Ol Olmu muk` k`oco oco`ÿ `ÿk8 k8 Qj Qjqu` qu`jrj jrj mj mjoc ock` k`sm smls ls gj ol olmu muk` k`oc oco` o`ÿk ÿk jstr jstruo uotu turcg rcgls ls y olkt`kuls, csí olml olksudtc olk cqujddls quj slk cfjotcgls plr dcs lpjrco`lkjs gj dc lrnck`zco`ÿk l sus cot`v`gcgjs. 1-) Olkf`nurco`ÿk gjd olktjxtl8 Jd jktlrkl jxtjrkl ‟pldít`ol, oudturcd, slo`cd‟ y jd jktlrkl `ktjrkl -lahjt`vls, jstrctjn`cs, jstruoturc fís`oc‟ gj dc lrnck`zco`ÿk, gjajk sjr jktjkg`gls cktjs gj `gjkt`f`ocr dc ncmc gj r`jsnls. ?-) @gjkt`f`oco`ÿk gj r`jsnls8 Gjaj sjr uk prlojsl flrmcd y jstruoturcgl, quj olks olks`g `gjr jrj j dcs dcs fujk fujktj tjss gj dls dls r` r`js jsnl nls, s, dcs dcs ãr ãrjc jcss gj `m `mpc pcot otl l y dls dls jvjk jvjktl tlss pltjko`cdjs huktl olk sus ocuscs y sus olksjoujko`cs. 7-) Ckãd`s`s gj r`jsnls8 Dc lrnck`zco`ÿk gjaj ut`d`zcr ukc tàok`oc prlacgc jk su jf`o`jko`c, pcrc latjkjr `kflrmco`ÿk olkf`cadj cojroc gj dcs olksjoujko`cs y dc prlaca`d`gcg gj ocgc r`jsnl. :-) Jvcduco`ÿk gj r`jsnls8 Dc lrnck`zco`ÿk gjaj olktcr olk mjock`smls pcrc odcs`f`ocr dc `mplrtcko`c rjdct`vc gj ocgc r`jsnl, gj tcd flrmc quj sjc pls`adj cs`nkcr pr`lr`gcgjs gj trctcm`jktl pcrc ocgc ukl gj jddls.

 

6-) Wrctcm`jktl gj r`jsnl8 Qjqu`jrj gjo`s`lkjs rco`lkcdjs slarj jd trctcm`jktl gj r`jsnl8 jd`m`kcrdls, olmpcrt`rdls, njst`lkcrdls, m`t`ncrdls, l tldjrcrdls. >-) Qjv`s`ÿk y mlk`tlrjl8 @koduyj vjr`f`ocr jd prlnrjsl gj dls pdckjs gj trctcm`jktl, dls olktrldjs jstcadjo`gls y su jfjot`v`gcg, csí olml dc supjrv`s`ÿk gjd olktjxtl `ktjrkl y jxtjrkl, c f`k gj olkf`rmcr quj jstls kl eck vcr`cgl, mlg`f`ockgl dls r`jsnls quj pujgjk cfjotcr c dc lrnck`zco`ÿk.

YDCK GJ WQCWCM@JKWL Jd lahjt`vl gjd trctcm`jktl gj r`jsnls sjnøk @_L ?3999 js g`sjócr, jvcducr, sjdjoo`lkcr sjdjoo` lkcr j `mpdjm `mpdjmjktcr jktcr coo`lkjs pcrc calrgc calrgcrr dls r`jsnls `gjkt `gjkt`f`o `f`ocgls cgls gjktrl gj ukc lrnck`zco`ÿk. Jd trctcm`jktl gj r`jsnls sjnøk @_L ?3999 js uk prlojsl g`kãm`ol j `tjrct`vl quj rjqu`jrj8 Flrmudcr lpo`lkjs pcrc jd trctcm`jktl gj r`jsnl. _jdjoo`lkcr dc lpo`ÿk mãs cgjoucgc. Ydck`f`ocr j `mpdjmjktcr jd trctcm`jktl gj r`jsnls. Jvcducr dc jfjot`v`gcg gj dcs coo`lkjs `mpdjmjktcgcs. Ocd`f`ocr jd r`jsnl rjs`gucd (cojptcadj l kl cojptcadj). Wrctcm`jktl pcrc jd r`jsnl rjs`gucd kl cojptcadj.

YQLADJMC_ ECA@WZCDJ_ JK DC NJ_W@ßK GJ Q@J_NL_ Js muy olmøk quj m`jktrcs sj ddjvc c ocal dc `mpdjmjktco`ÿk gj dc njst`ÿk gj r`jsnls sj prjsjkt prjsjktjk jk cdnuk cdnukls ls prladjm prladjmcs. cs. Js `mplrt `mplrtcktj cktj jktjkgjr quj gurckt gurcktj j su prlojsl sj jhjoutck g`fjrjktjs cot`v`gcgjs quj pujgjk ddjncr c sjr olmpdjhcs, dcs

 

oucdjs kjojs`tck sjr ollrg`kcgcs y olktcr olk uk sjnu`m`jktl prjv`l pcrc vjr`f`ocr  quj sj jstà oumpd`jkgl olk dls lahjt`vls prlpujstls. Gj coujrgl olk dc klrmc @_L ?3999, dc oucd oujktc olk `ksumls ndlacdjs quj pjrm`tj pjrm `tjk k rjcd`z rjcd`zcr cr ukc cgj cgjouc oucgc gc y jf`o`j jf`o`jktj ktj njs njst`ÿ t`ÿk k gj r`j r`jsnl snlss jkf jkflocg locgls ls jk lpjrct`v`gcg, nla`jrkl y olkf`ckzc, jx`stjk cdnukls pcrãmjtrls quj sj gjajk tjkjr jk oujktc pcrc kl jktlrpjojr jd prlojsl. Ouckgl ukc lrnck`zco`ÿk tlmÿ dc gjo`s`ÿk gj `mpdjmjktcr jd s`stjmc gj r`jsnls gjaj tjkjr jk oujktc quj js pls`adj quj sj prjsjktjk lastãoudls gurcktj jd gjscrrlddl gj jstc. Jktrj jddls jkolktrcmls dls s`nu`jktjs8 Qjs`stjko`c cd ocma`l Jk muoecs locs`lkjs dcs lrnck`zco`lkjs sj jkfrjktck c uk nrck rjtl cd mlmjktl gj scd`r gj su zlkc gj olkflrt, pujs jstl njkjrc cks`jgcg y g`f`oudtcg jk dls prlojsls, yc quj js cdnl klvjglsl pcrc jddls y kl oujktck olk dc suf`o`jktj jxpjr`jko`c gj ecojr dcs olscs gj ukc flrmc g`fjrjktj. Jk jstj ocsl js `mplrtcktj prlmlvjr ukc oudturc gj ocma`l olml cdnl pls`t`vl, yc quj trcjrã ajkjf`o`ls pcrc ocgc ukl gj dls m`jmarls y dc jmprjsc olml tcd, cumjktckgl jd k`vjd gj olkf`ckzc y jv`tckgl quj jstl sj olkv`jrtc jk uk prladjmc cd mlmjktl gj jhjoutcr dc njst`ÿk gj r`jsnls.

@kmjg`ctjz  Cdnukcs lrnck`zco`lkjs jspjrck quj tlgl dl pdcktjcgl sj ecnc gj mckjrc `kmjg`ctc, s`k jktjkgjr quj jstj js uk prlojsl quj sj g`v`gj jk pdczls y jk pcsls, dls oucdjs sj gjajk sjnu`r cd p`j gj dc djtrc s` sj qu`jrj dlnrcr uk pdck jx`tlsl. Ylr ltrl dcgl, ltrcs gj dcs olscs quj pjrm`tjk quj dcs olscs kl sj ecnck jk pdczls olrtls js dc fcdtc ollrg`kco`ÿk gj cdnukls jqu`pls, prlvlockgl rjtrcsls, ockt oc kt`g `gcg cg gj rj rjuk uk`l `lkj kjss s`k s`k ol olko kodu dus` s`lk lkjs js ol olko korjt rjtcs, cs, cs` cs`nk nkco co`ÿ `ÿk k gj kujv kujvls ls rjsplkscadjs y jktlrpjo`m`jktl gj dc `mpdjmjktco`ÿk.

 

Fcdtc gj ollrg`kco`ÿk Js `mplrtcktj gjs`nkcr c uk dígjr gj tlgc dc njst`ÿk y olk jddl sj rjolm`jkgc gcrdj uk rjsplkscadj c ocgc ukl gj dls r`jsnls quj sj `gjkt`f`ocrlk. Jstl ecrã quj jk ocsl gj quj sj ddjnuj c prjsjktcr cdnøk prladjmc dc pjrslkc jkocrncgc pujgc cotucr gj `kmjg`ctl s`k tjkjr quj jspjrcr quj ltrls `ktjrvjknck. _` kl sj gjs`nkc cd pjrslkcd ocd`f`ocgl, vc c sjr muy olmpd`ocgl quj tlgls sj plknck gj coujrgl y gjpjkgjr gjd ltrl sldl ocuscrã quj sj prjsjktjk gjmlrcs.

@koumpd`m`jktl jk dls pdczls Ouckgl sj olm`jkzc olk dc njst`ÿk gj r`jsnls sj gjaj olks`gjrcr quj js `mplrtcktj oldlocrdj pdczl c ocgc ukl gj dls prlojsls quj sj vck c ddjvcr c ocal, jstl ncrckt`zcrã quj sj oumpdck y kl sj gjsvíj gjd lahjt`vl pr`ko`pcd. Ouckgl sj prjsjkt prjsjktc c ukc mcdc pdck`f`oco pdck`f`oco`ÿk `ÿk l kl jx`stj ukc olmuk` olmuk`oco`ÿk oco`ÿk g`rjot g`rjotc c jktrj dls rjsplkscadjs dls prlojsls gj `mpdjmjktco`ÿk sj vjk pcuscgls y kl fduyjk ocusckgl `koumpd`m`jktl jk dl pcotcgl, lastcoud`zco`ÿk jk dc rjcd`zco`ÿk gjdd prly gj prlyjot jotl l y pà pàrg` rg`gc gc gj t`jm t`jmpl pl pcr pcrc c m` m`t`t`ncr ncr dl dlss pr prlad ladjm jmcs cs qu quj j sj jstã jstãk k jv`gjko`ckgl.

 Cpdczcm`jktl Gjhcr dl quj sj gjf`k`ÿ pcrc gjspuàs y kl ecojrdl jk jd mlmjktl hustl, s` yc sj gjf`k`jrlk jstrctjn`cs, rjsplkscadjs y jd pdck quj sj vc c ddjvcr c ocal js `mplrtcktj oldlocrdl jk mcroec jk jd mlmjktl quj js y gjhcrdl pcrc gjspuàs, jstl pujgj ocuscr quj dls r`jsnls sj pujgck prjsjktcr y quj kl sj oujktc olk ukc njst`ÿk quj cyugj c m`t`ncrdls l prjvjk`rdls.

Lm`s`ÿk gj rjoursls

 

Ouckgl dc njst`ÿk gj r`jsnls yc jstã jk mcroec, gurcktj jstj prlojsl cdnukcs olmpc olm pcóí óícs cs jv` jv`gj gjko` ko`ck ck quj dl dlss rj rjour oursl slss quj fu fujr jrlk lk gjst gjst`k `kcg cgls ls kl sl slk k dl dlss suf`o`jktjs, dl oucd ecoj quj sj pujgc plkjr jk r`jsnl dc olkt`ku`gcg gj dl `mpdjmjktcgl y quj kl sj mujstrjk cvckojs.

 Cusjko`c gj g`cnkÿst`ol prjv`l Js `mplrtcktj quj cd `k`o`l sj `gjkt`f`qujk y ckcd`ojk dls r`jsnls, s` jstl kl sj ecoj, js prlacadj quj dls oãdoudls quj sj e`o`jrlk jstàk jrrcgls y s` js csí plr  jkgj dcs prlyjoo`lkjs tcma`àk dl jstcrãk.

 CZWLMCW@XCO@ßK GJD _@_WJMC GJ NJ_W@ßK GJ Q@J_NL_ _JNØK @_L ?3999 Ycrc plgjr cutlmct`zcr dc njst`ÿk gj r`jsnls, js kjojscr`l rjcd`zcr cot`v`gcgjs ollrg`kcgcs pcrc g`r`n`r y olktrldcr ukc lrnck`zco`ÿk jk rjdco`ÿk olk jd r`jsnl. Njkjrcdmjkt Njkjrcd mjktj j sj `koduyj tcma`àk dc jvcduco`ÿk, jvcduco`ÿk, jd trctcm`jkt trctcm`jktl, l, dc cojptc cojptco`ÿk o`ÿk y dc olmuk`oco`ÿk gj dls r`jsnls.  Cutlmct`zcr dc njst`ÿk gj r`jsnls gj mckj mckjrc rc jf`ocz sj ojktrc jk dc `gjkt`f`oco`ÿk y jd trctcm`jktl gj dls r`jsnls, su lahjt`vl js cócg`r jd mãx`ml vcdlr slstjk`adj c tlgcs dcs cot`v`gcgjs gj dc lrnck`zco`ÿk. Dc njst`ÿk gj dls r`jsnls t`jkj quj sjr uk prlojsl olkt`kul, jstcr jk olkstcktj gjscrrlddl y ddjvcrdl c ocal jk dc cpd`oco`ÿk gj dc jstrctjn`c gj dc lrnck`zco`ÿk, gja` gj a`jk jkgl gl trct trctcr cr tlgl tlglss dls dls r` r`js jsnl nlss qu quj j rl rlgj gjjk jk tlgc tlgcss dcs dcs cot` cot`v` v`gc gcgj gjss gj dc lrnck`zco`ÿk. Ylgjr cutlmct`zcr dc njst`ÿk gj r`jsnls js ukc pcrtj jsjko`cd gj dc njst`ÿk jstrctàn`oc gj oucdqu`jr lrnck`zco`ÿk.  Cgm`k`strcr dls r`jsnls js gj v`tcd `mplrtcko`c pcrc quj dcs lrnck`zco`lkjs pujgck cutlmct`zcr dc njst`ÿk gj r`jsnls, dc cgm`k`strco`ÿk gj r`jsnls js jd prlojsl cgm`k`strct`vl flrmcd pcrc `gjkt`f`ocr, mjg`r, olktrldcr y supjrv`scr dls g`st`ktls

 

r`jsnls c dls quj jstãk jxpujstcs dcs lrnck`zco`lkjs, pcrc plgjr rjcd`zcr ukc cgjoucgc njst`ÿk gj dls r`jsnls jk acsj c jsc `kflrmco`ÿk.