ASTM A325 Structural Bolts
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An American National Standard
Designation: A 325M – 03 METRIC
Standard Specification for
Structural Bolts, Steel, Heat Treated 830 MPa Minimum 1
Tensile Strength [Metric] This standard is issued under the fixed designation A 325M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscript supersc ript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval. This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Sco Scope pe *
NOTE 1—This specification is the metric companion to the inch pound Specification A 325.
1.1 This specification specification2 covers two types of quenched and tempered temp ered,, steel steel,, metr metric ic heavy hex structural structural bolts havin having g a minimum tensile strength of 830 MPa (Note 1). 1.2 The bolts are intended for use in structural structural connections. connections. These connections are comparable to those covered under the requirem requ irements ents of the Speci Specificati fication on for Stru Structura cturall Joint Jointss using ASTM AS TM A 32 325 5 or A 49 490 0 bo bolt lts, s, ap appr prov oved ed by th thee Re Rese sear arch ch Council on Structural Connections; endorsed by the American Institute of Steel Construction and by the Industrial Fastener Institute.3 1.3 The bolts are furnished furnished in sizes M12 to M136 inclusive. inclusive. They are designated by type denoting chemical composition as follows: 1.3.1 Type 1—Medium-carbon, carbon boron, medium carbon alloy, or alloy boron steel. 1.3.2 Type 2—Withdrawn in 2003. 1.3.3 Type 3—W —Weathering eathering Steel. 1.4 Thi Thiss spe specifi cificat cation ion is app applic licabl ablee to met metric ric hea heavy vy hex hex,, structural bolts only. 1.5 Terms used in this specification specification are defined in Specification F 1789. 1.6 The following safety hazards hazards caveat pertains only only to the
2. Referenced Documents 2.1 ASTM Standards: A 153 Speci Specificati fication on for Zinc Coating (Hot Dip) on Iron and 4 Steel Hardware A 490M Specifica Specificatio tion n for High High-Str -Strengt ength h Stee Steell Bolt Bolts, s, Classes 10.9 and 10.9.3, for Structural Steel Joints [Metric]5 A 563 563M M Spe Specifi cificat cation ion for Car Carbon bon and Alloy Ste Steel el Nut Nutss [Metric] 5 A 751 Test Test Met Methods hods,, Pra Practi ctices ces,, and Term ermino inolog logy y for Chemical Analysis of Steel Products 6 B 695 Speci Specificati fication on of Coati Coatings ngs of Zinc Mechanical Mechanically ly Deposited on Iron and Steel7 D 3951 Prac Practice tice for Comme Commercia rciall Packa Packaging ging8 F 436M Specification for Hardened Steel Washers Washers [Metric]5 F 606 606M M Test Met Method hodss for Det Determ ermini ining ng the Mec Mechan hanica icall Properties of Externally and Internally Threaded Fasteners, Washers, and Rivets [Metric] 5 F 788/F 788/F 788M Speci Specificat fication ion for Surf Surface ace Disco Discontin ntinuiti uities es of 5 Bolts, Screws, and Studs, Inch and Metric Series F 959M 959M Speci Specificat fication ion for Comp Compressi ressible ble Washe asher-T r-Type ype Direct Tension Indicators for Use with Structural Fasteners [Metric]5 F 1470 Guide for Fastener Fastener Sampling for for Specified MechaniMechanical Properties and Performance Inspection5 F 1789 Terminology for F16 Mechanical Fasteners5 G 101 Gui Guide de for Est Estima imati ting ng the Atm Atmosp ospher heric ic Cor Corros rosion ion Resistance of Low-Alloy Steels9 2.2 ASME Standards: Standards:
test methods portion, portion, Sect Section ion 10, of this specification specification.. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this sta standa ndard rd to est establ ablish ish app appro ropri priate ate saf safety ety and hea health lth practices and determine the applicability of regulatory requirements prior to use. 1
Thiss spec Thi specifica ification tion is und under er the jur jurisd isdicti iction on of ASTM Com Committ mittee ee F16 on Fasteners and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F16.02 on Steel Bolts, Nuts, Rivets, and Washers. Current edition approved approved Jan. 10, 2003 2003.. Publis Published hed March 2003. Originally Originally approved in 1979. Last previous edition approved in 2000 as A 325M – 00. 2 For ASME For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications, see related Specification SA-325M in Section II of that Code. 3 Avail vailabl ablee fro from m Ame America rican n Ins Institu titute te of Ste Steel el Con Constru structio ction n (AIS (AISC), C), One E. Wacker Dr., Suite 3100, Chicago, IL 60601-2001. -
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Annual Book Annual Book 6 Annual Book 7 Annual Book 8 Annual Book 9 Annual Book 5
of of of of of of
ASTM ASTM ASTM ASTM ASTM ASTM
Standards,, Vol 01.06. Standards Standards Standar ds,, Vol 01.08. Standards Standar ds,, Vol 01.01. Standards Standar ds,, Vol 02.05. Standards Standar ds,, Vol 15.09. Standards Standar ds,, Vol 03.02.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard. Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States. COPYRIGHT 2003; ASTM International
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A 325M – 03 B 1.13M Metr Metric ic Screw Threads10 B 18.2.3.7M 18.2.3.7M Metr Metric ic Heavy Hex Structural Structural Bolts10 B 18.18.3M 18.18.3M Inspe Inspectio ction n and Quali Quality ty Assurance Assurance for Speci Special al Purpose Fasteners10 B 18.24.1 Part Identifyin Identifying g Numbe Numberr (PIN) Code System10
TABLE 1 Chemi Chemical cal Requirements Requirements for Type 1 Bolts
Carbon Manganese, min Phosphorus, max Sulfur, max Silicon
3. Order Ordering ing Information Information 3.1 Order Orderss for heavy hex stru structura cturall bolt boltss under this specification shall include the following: 3.1.1 Quant Quantity ity (number (number of pieces of bolt boltss and accessories accessories). ). 3.1.2 Size, including including nomin nominal al bolt diameter, diameter, thread pitch and bolt length. 3.1.3 Name of product, heavy hex structural structural bolts. 3.1.4 When bolts threaded threaded full length are required, required, Suppl Suppleementary Requirement S1 shall be specified. 3.1.5 Type of bolt; Type Type 1 or Type Type 3. When the type is not specified, either Type 1 or Type 3 shall be furnished at the supplier’s option. 3.1.6 ASTM designati designation on and year of issu issue. e. 3.1.7 Other components components such as nuts nuts,, washe washers, rs, and compressible washer-type direct-tension indicators, if required. 3.1.8 Zinc Coating—Spec —Specify ify the zinc zinc-coat -coating ing proc process ess required, quire d, for exam example, ple, hot-dip, mechanically mechanically deposited, deposited, or no preference (see 4.3). ` ` ` ` ` , ` , ` , , ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` , , ` ` ` , ` ` , ` ` , , ` , , ` , ` , , ` -
Carbon Manganese, min Phosphorus, max Sulfur, max Silicon Boron
Carbon Manganese, min Phosphorus, max Sulfur, max
Carbon Manganese, min Phosphorus, max Sulfur, max Silicon Boron Alloying Elements
3.2 Recommended Nuts: 3.2.1 Nuts conforming conforming to the requirement requirementss of Specification Specification A 56 563M 3M ar aree th thee re reco comm mmen ende ded d nu nuts ts fo forr us usee wi with th A 32 325M 5M metric heavy hex structural bolts. The nuts shall be of the class and have a surface finish for each type of bolt as follows:
0.28–0.55 0.57 0.048 0.058 0.13–0.32
Heat Analysis
Product Analysis
0.30–0.52 0.60 0.040 0.050 0.10–0.30 0.0005–0.003
0.28–0.55 0.57 0.048 0.058 0.08–0.32 0.0005–0.003
Heat Analysis
Product Analysis
0.30–0.52 0.60 0.035 0.040
0.28–0.55 0.57 0.040 0.045
0.15– 0.35 A
0.13– 0.37 A
Heat Analysis
Product Analysis
0.30–0.52 0.60 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 0.0005–0.003
0.28–0.55 0.57 0.040 0.045 0.13–0.37 0.0005–0.003
A
A
A
Steel, as defined by the American Iron and Steel Institute, shall be considered considered to be alloy when the maximum of the range given for the content of alloying elements exceeds one or more of the following limits: Manganese, 1.65 %; silicon, 0.60 %; copper, 0.60 % or in which a definite range or a definite minimum quantity of any of the following elements is specified or required within the limits of the recognized field of constructional alloy steels: aluminum, chromium up to 3.99 %, cobalt, columbium, molybdenum, nickel, titanium, tungsten, vanadium, zirconium, or any other alloying elements added to obtain a desired alloying effect.
Nut Cl Nut Clas ass s an and d Fi Fini nish sh Sp Spec ecifi ifica cati tion on A 56 563M 3M—8 —8S S or 8S 8S3, 3, pl plai ain n A 563M—10S, zinc-coated A 563M—8S3, plain
4. Mate Material rialss and Manufacture Manufacture
3.3 Recommended Washers: 3.3.1 Washe ashers rs confo conformin rming g to Specification Specification F 436M are the recomm rec ommend ended ed was washer herss for use wit with h Spe Specifi cificat cation ion A 325 325M M Metric heavy hex structural bolts. The washers shall have a surface finish for each type of bolt as follows:
4.1 Heat Treatment : 4.1.1 Type 1 bolts bolts produced from medium carbon carbon steel shall be qu quen ench ched ed in a li liqu quid id me medi dium um fr from om th thee au aust sten enit itiz izin ing g temperature. 4.1.2 4.1 .2 Type 1 bol bolts ts pro produc duced ed fro from m car carbon bon ste steel el to whi which ch chromium, nickel, molybdenum, or boron were intentionally added add ed sha shall ll be que quench nched ed onl only y in oil from the aus austen teniti itizin zing g temperature. 4.1.3 4.1 .3 Type 3 bol bolts ts shall be que quench nched ed only in oil fro from m the austenitizing temperature.
Washer Finish plain (uncoated) zinc-coated weathering steel, plain
3.4 Other Accessories: 3.4.1 When compressible washer washer type direct tension tension indicators to rs ar aree sp spec ecifi ified ed to be us used ed wi with th th thes esee bo bolt lts, s, th they ey sh shal alll conform to the requirements in Specification F 959M Type 8.8.
4.1.4 Type 1 bolts bolts,, rega regardle rdless ss of the steel used, and Type Type 3 bolts, shall be tempered by reheating to not less than 427°C. 4.2 Threading—Threads shall be cut or rolled. 4.3 Zinc Coatings, Hot-dip and Mechanically Deposited :
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Availabl vailablee from American Society of Mechani Mechanical cal Engin Engineers eers (ASME) (ASME),, ASME International Headquarters, Three Park Ave., New York, NY 10016-5990.
COPYRIGHT 2003; ASTM International
0.30–0.52 0.60 0.040 0.050 0.15–0.30
Alloy Boron Steel
NOTE 2—A 2—A typ typica icall ord orderi ering ng des descri cripti ption on fol follow lows: s: 100 1000 0 pie piece ces, s, M24333100, heavy hex structural bolts., Type 1 ASTM A 325M - 03, each eac h with one har harden dened ed wash washer er and one hea heavy vy hex nut nut,, mec mechani hanical cally ly deposited zinc coating (see 3.1.8 for any special requirements).
Bolt Type and Finish 1, plain (uncoated) 1, zinc-coated 3, plain
Product Analysis
Alloy Steel
Element
Silicon Alloying Elements
Heat Analysis
Carbon Boron Steel
Element
3.1.9 Other Other Finish Finishes es—Sp —Speci ecify fy oth other er pro protec tectiv tivee fini finish, sh, if required. 3.1.10 Test reports, reports, if required (see Section Section 13). 3.1.11 Supplementary or special requirements, requirements, if required. 3.1.12 For establishme establishment nt of a part identifying identifying system, system, see ASME B18.24.1.
Bolt Typ Bolt ype e an and d Fi Fini nish sh 1, pl plai ain n (n (non onco coat ated ed)) 1, zinc-coated 3, plain
Carbon Steel
Element
2
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A 325M – 03 TABLE TAB LE 2 Chemical Requirements for Type 3 Heavy Hex Structural BoltsA Composition, % Type 3 BoltsA Element
A
B
C
D
E
F
Carbon: Heat analysis Product analysis
0.33–0.40 0.31–0.42
0.38–0.48 0.36–0.50
0.15–0.25 0.14–0.26
0.15–0.25 0.14–0.26
0.20–0.25 0.18–0.27
0.20–0.25 0.19–0.26
Manganese: Heat analysis
0.90–1.20
0.70–0.90
0.80–1.35
0.40–1.20
0.60–1.00
0.90–1.20
Product analysis
0.86–1.24
0.67–0.93
0.76–1.39
0.36–1.24
0.56–1.04
0.86–1.24
Phosphorus: Heat analysis Product analysis
0.035 max 0.040 max
0.06–0.12 0.06–0.125
0.035 max 0.040 max
0.035 max 0.040 max
0.035 max 0.040 max
0.035 max 0.040 max
Sulfur: Heat analysis Product analysis
0.040 max 0.045 max
0.040 max 0.045 max
0.040 max 0.045 max
0.040 max 0.045 max
0.040 max 0.045 max
0.040 max 0.045 max
Silicon: Heat analysis Product analysis
0.15–0.35 0.13–0.37
0.30–0.50 0.25–0.55
0.15–0.35 0.13–0.37
0.25–0.50 0.20–0.55
0.15–0.35 0.13–0.37
0.15–0.35 0.13–0.37
Copper: Heat analysis Product analysis
0.25–0.45 0.22–0.48
0.20–0.40 0.17–0.43
0.20–0.50 0.17–0.53
0.30–0.50 0.27–0.53
0.30–0.60 0.27–0.63
0.20–0.40 0.17–0.43
Nickel: Heat analysis Product analysis
0.25–0.45 0.22–0.48
0.50–0.80 0.47–0.83
0.25–0.50 0.22–0.53
0.50–0.80 0.47–0.83
0.30–0.60 0.27–0.63
0.20–0.40 0.17–0.43
Chromium: Heat analysis Product analysis
0.45–0.65 0.42–0.68
0.50–0.75 0.47–0.83
0.30–0.50 0.27–0.53
0.50–1.00 0.45–1.05
0.60–0.90 0.55–0.95
0.45–0.65 0.42–0.68
B
B
B
B
B
0.020 min 0.010 min
B
B
B
B
B
B
0.06 max 0.07 max
B
0.10 max 0.11 max
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
0.05 max 0.06 max
B
B
B
B
Vanadium: Heat analysis Product analysis Molybdenum: Heat analysis Product analysis Titanium: Heat analysis Product analysis A B
B
B
A, B, C, D, E, and F are classes of material used for Type 3 bolts. Selection of a class shall be at the option of the bolt manufacturer. These elements are not specified or required.
4.3 4.3.1 .1 Whe When n zin zinc-c c-coat oated ed fas fasten teners ers are req requir uired, ed, the pur pur-chaser shall specify the zinc coating process, for example, hot dip, mechanically deposited, or no preference. 4.3.2 4.3 .2 When ho hott-di dip p is sp spec ecifi ified ed,, th thee fa fast sten ener erss sh shal alll be zinc-c zin c-coat oated ed by the hot hot-di -dip p pro proces cesss and the coa coati ting ng sha shall ll confor con form m to the coa coatin ting g wei weight ght/th /thick icknes nesss and per perfor forman mance ce requirements of Class C of Specification A 153. 4.3.3 When mechanically deposited deposited is specified, the fasteners shall be zinc-coated by the mechanical deposition process and the coating shall conform to the coating weight/thickness and perf performa ormance nce requi requireme rements nts of Clas Classs 50 of Speci Specificati fication on B 695. 4.3.4 4.3 .4 Whe When n no pre prefer ferenc encee is spe specifi cified, ed, the sup suppli plier er sha shall ll furnis fur nish h eit either her a hot hot-di -dip p zin zincc coa coatin ting g in acc accord ordanc ancee wit with h
same zinc-coating process and the supplier’s option is limited to one process per item with no mixed processes in a lot.
Specification A 153, Class C, or a mechanically deposited zinc coatin coa ting g in acc accord ordanc ancee wit with h Spe Specifi cificat cation ion B 695 695,, Cla Class ss 50. Threaded components (bolts and nuts) shall be coated by the
bolts shall be tested for all specified mechanical properties. Hot dip zinc coated bolts shall be tested for all specified mechanical proper pro pertie tiess and rot rotati ationa onall cap capaci acity ty.. If zin zincc coa coated ted nut nutss are
4.4 Lubrication—When zinc coated nuts are ordered with the bol bolts, ts, the nut nutss sha shall ll be lub lubric ricate ated d in acc accord ordanc ancee wit with h Specificati Speci fication on A 563M, Suppl Supplemen ementary tary Requi Requireme rement nt S1, to minimize galling. 4.5 Secondary Processing: 4.5.1 If any proce processing ssing,, whic which h can affect affect the mechanical mechanical properties or performance of the bolts is performed after the initi ini tial al tes testin ting, g, the bol bolts ts sha shall ll be ret retest ested ed for all spe specifi cified ed mechanical properties and performance requirements affected by the reprocessing. 4.5.2 4.5 .2 Whe When n the sec second ondary ary pro proces cesss is hea heatt tre treatm atment ent,, the
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A 325M – 03 TABLE TA BLE 4 Te Tensile nsile Load and Proof Load Requirements Requirements for FullSize Bolts
relubr ubrica icated ted aft after er the ini initia tiall rot rotati ationa onall cap capaci acity ty tes tests, ts, the rel assemblies shall be retested for rotational capacity. See 10.2, Note 4. 5. Chemical Composition Composition 5.1 Type 1 bolt boltss shal shalll be plain carbon carbon steel, carbon boron steel, allo steel, alloy y stee steel, l, or alloy boron steel at the manufacture manufacturer’s r’s option, conforming to the chemical composition specified in Table 1. 5.2 Ty Type pe 3 bolts shall be weathering weathering steel and shall conform conform to one of the chemical compositions specified in Table 2. The selection of the chemical composition, composition, A, B, C, D, E, or F, F, shall be at the option of the bolt manufacturer. See Guide G 101 for methods of estimating the atmospheric corrosion resistance of low alloy steels. 5.3 Produ Product ct anal analyses yses made on finish finished ed bolts representi representing ng each lot shal shalll confo conform rm to the product analysis requirement requirementss specified in Table 1 or Table 2, as applicable. 5.4 Heats of steel to which bismuth, bismuth, selenium, tellurium, tellurium, or lead has been intentionally added shall not be permitted for bolts. 5.5 Compl Compliance iance with 5.4 shall be based on certi certificati fication on that heats of steel having any of the listed elements intentionally added were not used to produce the bolts.
Tensile Load,B min,
Proof Load,B Length Measurement Method
Alternative Proof Load,B Yield Strength Method
Column 2
Column 3
Column 4
Column 5
84.3 157
70 130
50.6 94.2
55.6 104
2 34 05 3 353 459 561 817
2 20 53 1 293 381 466 678
1 14 87 2 212 275 337 490
1 26 02 0 233 303 370 539
Nominal Diameter and Thread Pitch
Stress Area,A mm
Column 1 M12 3 1.75 M16 3 2 3
M20 M22 3 2 2..5 5 M24 3 3 M27 3 3 M30 3 3.5 M36 3 4 A
Stress Area, mm2 = 0.7854 (D (D − − 0.9382P 0.9382P )2 where: D = nominal bolt diameter, mm, and P = = thread pitch, mm. B Loads tabulated are based on the following: Column 3 Column 4 Column 5 830 MPa 600 MPa 660 MPa
TABLE 5 Tensile Strength Requirements Requirements for Specimens Machined from Bolts
5.6 Chemi Chemical cal analyses shall be perf performe ormed d in acco accordanc rdancee with Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology A 751.
Nominal Diameter,
Tensile Strength,
Yield Strength,
Elongation in 4D,
Reduction of Area,
mm M12 to M36 incl
min, MPa 830
min, MPa 660
min, % 14
min, % 35
6. Mechanical Properties Properties 6.1 Hardness—Th —Thee bol bolts ts sha shall ll con confor form m to the har hardne dness ss specified in Table 3. 6.2 Tensile Properties: 6.2.1 Excep Exceptt as perm permitte itted d in 6.2.2 for long bolts, bolts, and 6.2.3 for short bolts, sizes M24 and smaller having a length of 2- 1 ⁄ 4D and longer; and sizes larger than M24 having a length of 3D and longer; shall be wedge tested full size and shall conform to the minimum wedge tensile load, and proof load or alternative proof load specified in Table 4. The load achieved during proof load testing shall be equal to or greater than the specified proof load.
6.2.3 Sizes M24 and smaller having having a lengt length h shorter than 2-1 ⁄ 4D down to 2D inclusive, which cannot be wedge tensile tested shall be axially tension tested full size and shall conform to the minimum tensile load and proof load, or alternate proof load loa d spe specifi cified ed in Table Table 4. Siz Sizes es M24 and sma smalle llerr hav having ing a length shorter than 2D, which cannot be axially tensile tested shall be qualified on the basis of hardness. 6.2.4 For bolts on which both hardness hardness and tension tests tests are performed, acceptance based on tensile requirements shall take precedence in the event of low hardness readings. 6.3 Rotational Capacity Test :
6.2.2 6.2 .2tical When Whe n the length length of the makes full testi ng imp imprac racti cal, , ma machi chined ned specim spe cimens ensbolt shall sha ll be tes tested tedsize andtesting shall sha ll conform to the requirements specified in Table 5. When bolts are tested by both full size and machined specimen methods, the full size tent shall take precedence.
6.3.1 —The capacity isency intended to eva evalua luate te Definition the pre presen sence ce ofrotational a lub lubric ricant ant, , the test efffici ef icienc y of the lubricant, and the compatibility of assemblies as represented by the components selected for testing. 6.3.2 Requirement —Zinc-coated —Zinc-coated bolts, zinc-coated washers and zin zinc-c c-coat oated ed and lub lubric ricate ated d nut nutss tes tested ted ful fulll siz sizee in an assemble asse mbled d joint or tensi tension on meas measuring uring device, in accor accordance dance with 10.2, shall not show signs of failure when subjected to the nut rotatio rotation n in Table Table 6. The test sha shall ll be per perfor formed med by the responsible party (see Section 14) prior to shipment after zinc coating and lubrication of nuts. See 10.2, Note 4.
TABLE TAB LE 3 Hardness Requirements for Bolts Bolt Size, mm
Bolt Length, mm
M12 to M24, incl
Less than 2D A 2D and and over Less than 3D A 3D and and over
M25 to M36, incl
Brinell
Rockwell C
Min
Max
Min
Max
253
319
25
34
...
319
...
34
223
286
19
30
...
286
...
30
TABLE TAB LE 6 Rotational Capacity Test for Zinc-Coated Bolts Nominal Bolt Length, mm 2D and shorter Over 2D to 3D incl Over 3D to 4D incl Over 4D to 8D incl Over 8D
A
Sizes M24 and smaller having a length shorter than 2D 2D and and sizes larger than M24 having a lengt length h shorter than 3 D are are subject only to minimum and maximum hardness. D = Nominal diameter or thread size.
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Nut Rotation, degrees (turn), min 180 240 300 360 420
(1 ⁄ 2) (2 ⁄ 3) (7 ⁄ 8) (1) (1-1 ⁄ 8)
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A 325M – 03 NOTE 3—Specificatio 3—Specifications ns F 788/F 788/F 788M nor F 1470 guaran guarantee tee 100 % freedom from hea freedom head d burs bursts. ts. Sampling Sampling is des designe igned d to prov provide ide a 95 % confidence level of freedom from head bursts in any test lot. Head bursts, within the limits in Specification F 788/F 788M, are unsightly but do not affect mechanical properties or functional requirements of the bolt.
6.3.3 Acceptance Acceptance Criter Criterion ion—Th —Thee bol boltt and nut ass assemb embly ly shall be considered as non-conforming if the assembly fails to pass any one of the following specified requirements: 6.3.3.1 Inability to install install the assembly to the nut rotation rotation in Table 6. 6.3.3.2 6.3 .3.2 Ina Inabil bility ity to rem remove ove the nut aft after er ins instal tallin ling g to the rotation specified in Table 6. 6.3.3.3 Shear failure failure of the threads threads as deter determined mined by visual examination of bolt and nut threads following removal. 6.3.3.4 Torsio Torsional nal or tors torsiona ional/te l/tension nsion failure of the bolt bolt.. Elongation of the bolt, in the threads between the nut and bolt head, is to be expected at the required rotation and is not to be classified as a failure.
9. Numb Number er of Tests Tests and Rete Retests sts 9.1 Testing Responsibility: 9.1.1 Each lot shall be tested by the manufacturer manufacturer prior to shipment shipme nt in acc accord ordanc ancee wit with h the lot ide identi ntifica ficatio tion n con contro troll quality assurance plan in 9.2-9.5. 9.1.2 When bolts bolts are furnished furnished by a source other than the manufacturer, the Responsible Party as defined in 14.1 shall be responsible for assuring all tests have been performed and the bolts comply with the requirements of this specification (see 4.5). 9.2 Purpose of Lot Inspection—The purpose of a lot inspection ti on pr prog ogra ram m is to en ensu sure re th that at ea each ch lo lott co conf nfor orms ms to th thee requirements of this specification. For such a plan to be fully effective it is essential that secondary processors, distributors, and purchasers maintain the identification and integrity of each lot until the product is installed. 9.3 Lot Method —All —All bolts shall be processed in accordance with a lot ident identificat ification-c ion-contro ontroll qual quality ity assu assurance rance plan. The
7. Dim Dimensio ensions ns 7.1 Head and Body : 7.1.1 The bolts shall conform to the dime dimension nsionss for metr metric ic heavy hex structural bolts specified in ASME B18.2.3.7M. 7.1.2 7.1 .2 The thr thread ead length length sha shall ll not be cha change nged d exc except ept as provided in Supplementary Requirement S1. Bolts with thread lengths other than those required by this specification shall be ordered under Specification F 568M. 7.2 Threads: 7.2.1 Uncoated —Threa — Threads ds sha shall ll be Met Metric ric Coa Coarse rse Thr Thread ead Series as speci Series specified fied in ASME B1.13M and shall have Grade 6g tolerances. 7.2.2 Coated : 7.2.2.1 Unles Unlesss othe otherwise rwise specified, specified, zinc-coated zinc-coated bolts, to be used with zinc-coated nuts or tapped holes, which are tapped oversize in accordance with Specification A 563, shall have 6g threads before hot-dip or mechanically deposited zinc coating. After zinc coating, the pitch diameter and major diameter shall not exceed exceed the Class 6g lim limits its by mor moree tha than n the followin following g amounts: Nominal Bolt Diameter M12 M16 M20 M24 M27 M30 M36
manufacturer manufactu rer,, secon secondary dary proce processors ssors,, and dist distribu ributors tors shall identify and maintain the integrity of each production lot of boltss from raw-material bolt raw-material selection selection thro through ugh all proc processin essing g operations and treatments to final packing and shipment. Each lot shalll be assig shal assigned ned its own lotlot-iden identifica tification tion number, number, each lot shall be tested, and the inspection test reports for each lot shall be retained. 9.4 Lot Definit Definition ion—A lot sha shall ll be a qua quanti ntity ty of uni unique quely ly identified heavy hex structural bolts of the same nominal size and length produced consecutively at the initial operation from a single mill heat of material and processed at one time, by the same processor in the same manner so that statistical sampling is va vali lid. d. Th Thee id iden enti tity ty of th thee lo lott an and d lo lott in inte tegr grit ity y sh shal alll be maintained throughout all subsequent operations and packaging.
Oversize Limit, mmA Hot Dip Zinc Mechanical Zinc 0.36 0.24 0.42 0.28 0.53 0.35 0.64 0.43 0.64 0.43 0.75 0.86
9.5lot Number Tests —The minimum number of tests from each for theof tests specified below shall be as follows:
0.50 0.58
A Hot-dip Hot-d ip zinc nuts are tappe tapped d overs oversize ize after coati coating ng and mecha mechanical nical zinccoated nuts are tapped oversize before coating.
Tests Hardness, Tensile Strength, Proof Load and Rotational Capacity Coat Co atin ing g We Weig ight ht / Th Thic ickn knes ess s
7.2.3 The gag 7.2.3 gaging ing lim limit it for bol bolts ts sha shall ll be ver verifie ified d dur during ing manufacture. In case of dispute, a calibrated thread ring gage of the same size as the oversize limit in 7.2.2 (Class X tolerance, gage tolerance plus) shall be used to verify compliance. The gage shall assemble with hand effort following application of light machine oil to prevent galling and damage to the gage. These inspe inspectio ctions, ns, when perf performe ormed d to reso resolve lve contr controvers oversy y, shalll be conducted at the frequency shal frequency specified in the quality assurance provisions of ASME B18.2.6.
Su rfa rface ce Di sc sco nti ntin n ui uiti tie es Dime men nsi sio on s an d Th re re ad ad Fi t A
Number of Tests in Accordance with Guide F 1470
The re The refe fere renc nced ed co coat atin ing g specificationA Sp ec eci fic fica titi on on F 78 8/F 8/F 78 8M 8M AS ME ME B1 8.2 8.2.6 .6
Guide F 1470 if the coating specification does not specify a testing frequency.
10. Test Methods 10.1 Tensile, Proof Load, and Hardness: 10.1.1 Tensil ensile, e, proof load and hardness hardness tests shall be conducted in accordance with Test Methods F 606M.
8. Workmanship 8.1 The allowable allowable limi limits, ts, inspection inspection and evalu evaluatio ation n of the surface surf ace disc discontin ontinuiti uities es quen quench ch crac cracks, ks, for forging ging crac cracks, ks, head bursts bur sts,, she shear ar bur bursts sts,, sea seams, ms, fol folds, ds, thr thread ead lap laps, s, voi voids, ds, too tooll marks, nicks and gouges shall be in accordance with Specification F 788/F 788M. (Note 3) COPYRIGHT 2003; ASTM International
10.1.2 Tens Tensile ile strength shall be determined using the Wedge Wedge or Axial Tension Testing Method of Full Size Product Method or the Machined Test Specimens Method depending on size and length as specified in 6.2.1-6.2.3. Fracture on full size tests 5
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A 325M – 03 shall be in the body or threads of the bolt without a fracture at the junction of the head and body. 10.1.3 10. 1.3 Proof Proof loa load d sha shall ll he det determ ermine ined d usi using ng Met Method hod 1, Length Len gth mea measur sureme ement; nt; or Met Method hod 2, Yiel ield d Str Streng ength; th; at the option of the manufacturer. 10.2 Rotational Rotational Capac Capacity ity (Note 4)—The zinc zinc-coat -coated ed bolt shall be placed in a steel joint or tension measuring device and assembled with a zinc-coated washer and a zinc-coated and lubricated nut with which the bolt is intended to be used. The nut shall have been provided with the lubricant described in the lastt par las paragr agraph aph of the Man Manufa ufactu cturin ring g Pro Proces cesses ses sec sectio tion n of Specifi Spe cificat cation ion A 563 563M. M. The joi joint nt sha shall ll be one or mor moree flat structural steel plates or fixture stack up with a total thickness, including the washer, such that 3 to 5 full threads of the bolt are located between the bearing surfaces of the bolt head and nut. The hole in the joint shall have the same nominal diameter as the hole in the washer. The initial tightening of the nut shall produce a load in the bolt not less than 10 % of the specified proof load. After initial tightening, the nut position shall be marked relative to the bolt, and the rotation shown in Table 6 shal sh alll be ap appl plie ied. d. Du Duri ring ng ro rota tati tion on,, th thee bo bolt lt he head ad sh shal alll be restrained from turning.
13.1.3 Results of rotational capacity capacity tests. This shall shall include the test method used (solid plate or tension measuring device); and the statement “Nuts Lubricated” for zinc-coated nuts when shipped with zinc-coated bolts, 13.1.4 Zinc coating measured coating weight/thic weight/thickness kness for coated bolts, 13.1.5 Resul Results ts of visua visuall inspe inspection ction for head burst bursts, s, 13.1.6 13.1 .6 Stateme Statement nt of com compli pliance ance with dim dimens ensiona ionall and thread fit requirements, 13.1.7 Lot number and purchase purchase order number, number, 13.1.8 Complete mailing address of responsible responsible party, party, and 13.1.9 Tit Title le and signature signature of the individual individual assi assigned gned certification responsibility by the company officers. 13.2 Fail Failure ure to incl include ude all the required required information information on the test report shall be cause for rejection.
NOTE 4—Rotational capacity tests shall apply only to matched assembly lots that contain contain one A 325M bolt, one A 563M lubricated lubricated nut, and one F 436M 436M wash washer er whic which h hav havee bee been n zin zinc-c c-coate oated d in acc accorda ordance nce wit with h the requirements in 4.3. Both the bolt and nut components of the matched assembly shall be zinc-coated using the same process.
15. Prod Product uct Marking Marking
14. Responsibility 14.1 The par 14.1 party ty res respon ponsib sible le for the fas fasten tener er sha shall ll be the organiza org anization tion that suppl supplies ies the fast fastener ener to the purchaser purchaser and certifies cert ifies that the fast fastener ener was manu manufact factured, ured, sampled, test tested ed and inspected in accordance with this specification and meets all of its requirements.
15.1 Manufacturer’s Identification—All Type 1 and 3 bolts shall be marked by the manufacturer with a unique identifier to identify the manufacturer or private label distributor, as appropriate. 15.2 Grade Identification: 15.2.1 Type 1 bolts bolts shall be marked “A 325M” and and “8S.” In addition, bolts marked “8.8S” shall be an acceptable marking provided they also meet the requirements of ISO 7412. 15.2.2 15. 2.2 Type 3 bol bolts ts sha shall ll be mar marked ked “A 325M” 325M” (with the A 325M) underlined) underlined) and “8S3.” In addit addition, ion, bolt boltss mark marked ed “8.8S3” “8.8S 3” shall be an acce acceptabl ptablee mark marking ing provided they also meet requirements of ISO 7412. The use of additional distinguishing marks to indicate the bolts are weathering steel shall be at the manufacturer’s discretion. 15.3 Marking Location and Methods—All marking shall be located on the top of the bolt head and shall be either raised or depressed at the manufacturer’s option. The base of the metric property class numerals 8S and 8S3 shall be positioned towards the closest periphery of the head. 15.4 Acceptance Criteria—Bolts which are not marked in accordance with these provisions shall be considered nonconforming and subject to rejection. 15.5 Type (pro (property perty class) and manu manufact facturer’ urer’ss or priv private ate label distributor’s identification shall be separate and distinct. The two identifications shall preferably be in different locations and, when on the same level, shall be separated by at least two spaces.
11. Inspection 11.1 11. 1 If the insp inspectio ection n desc described ribed in 11.2 is requ required ired by the purchaser, it shall be specified in the inquiry and contract or order. 11.2 The purchaser’s representative representative shall have free entry to all parts of the manufacturer’s works, or supplier’s place of busi bu sine ness ss,, th that at co conc ncer ern n th thee ma manu nufa fact ctur uree or su supp pply ly of th thee material ordered. The manufacturer or supplier shall afford the purchaser purch aser’s ’s repr represent esentativ ativee all reaso reasonable nable faci faciliti lities es to sati satisfy sfy him that the material is being furnished in accordance with this specification. All tests and inspections required by the specification that are requested by the purchaser’s representative shall be made before shipment, and shall be conducted as not to interfere unnecessarily with the operation of the manufacturer’s works or supplier’s place of business. 12. Reje Rejectio ction n and Rehearing Rehearing 12.1 Dispo Dispositi sition on of nonconformin nonconforming g bolt boltss shal shalll be in accor accor-dance with Guide F 1470 section titled “Disposition of Nonconforming Lots.” 13. Certification 13.1 When specified specified on the purchase purchase order order,, the manufacmanufacturer or supplier, whichever is the responsible party as defined in Section 14, shall furnish the purchaser test reports which includes the following:
16. Packa Packaging ging and Package Marking 16.1 Packaging: 16.1.1 16. 1.1 Unl Unless ess oth otherw erwise ise spe specifi cified, ed, pac packag kaging ing sha shall ll be in accordance with Practice D 3951. 16.1.2 16. 1.2 When zin zinc-c c-coat oated ed nut nutss are inc includ luded ed on the sam samee order as zinc-coated bolts, the bolts and nuts shall be shipped in the same container.
13.1.1 Heat analysis, analysis, heat number, number, and a stat statement ement certifycertifying that heats having the elements listed in 5.4 and intentionally added were not used to produce the bolts, 13.1.2 Resul Results ts of hard hardness, ness, tensile, tensile, and proof load test tests, s, COPYRIGHT 2003; ASTM International
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A 325M – 03 packaging requi requireme rements nts are required, required, 16.1.3 When special packaging they shall be defined at the time of the inquiry and order. 16.2 Package Marking: 16.2.1 Each shipping unit shall shall include or be plainly plainly marked with the following information: 16.2.1.1 16.2.1 .1 ASTM designatio designation n and type, 16.2.1.2 16.2.1 .2 Size, 16.2.1.3 Name and brand or trademark of the manufacturer, manufacturer,
16.2.1.4 16.2.1.4 16.2.1.5 16.2.1 .5 16.2.1.6 16.2.1 .6 16.2.1.7 16.2.1 .7
Number of piec Number pieces, es, Lot number, number, Purchase Purc hase order number, number, and Country Count ry of orig origin. in.
17. Keyw Keywords ords 17.1 alloy steel; bolts; carbon steel; steel; metric; steel; structural; structural; weathering steel
SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTS The following supplementary requirements shall apply only when specified by the purchaser in the contract or order. Details of these supplementary requirements shall be agreed upon in writing between the manufacturer and purchaser. Supplementary requirements shall in no way negate any requirement of the specification itself. hand as far as the thread will permit, shall not exceed the length of 21 ⁄ 2 threads for bolt sizes M24 and smaller, and 3 1 ⁄ 2 threads for bolt sizes larger than M24.
S1. Bolts Threaded Full Length S1.1 S1. 1 Bol Bolts ts wit with h nom nomina inall len length gthss equ equal al to or sho shorte rterr tha than n four times the nomi nominal nal bolt diam diameter eter shall be thre threaded aded full length. Bolts need not have a shoulder, and the distance from the underhead bearing surface to the first complete (full form) thread, as measured with a GO thread ring gage, assembled by
S1.2 Bolts shall shall be mark marked ed in accor accordanc dancee with Section Section 15 except exce pt th that at th thee sy symb mbol ol sh shal alll be “A 32 325M 5MT” T” in inst stea ead d of “A 325M”.
SUMMARY OF CHANGES General revision to update specification, remove dependence on F 568, and align with A 325 format and requirements. Changes include but are not limited to: (1) Secti Section on 1.3—Deleted 1.3—Deleted Type 2 low carbon martensite martensite steel. (2) Tab Table le 1—Expanded chemical composition composition to include alloy steel and alloy boron steel. (3) Secti Section on 6.3—Added a Rotat Rotationa ionall Capac Capacity ity test. (4) Secti Section on 10—Deleted 10—Deleted the shipp shipping ing lot meth method od of inspe inspecction. (5) Secti Section on 10—Referenced 10—Referenced Guide F 1470 for the numbe numberr of hardness, tensile, proof load, and Specification F 788 Surface
(6 ) Secti Section on 10—Expanded 10—Expanded number of tests to include DimenDimension and Thread Fit. (7 ) Section Section 15— 15—Pro Provid vided ed for bot both h “A 325 325M” M” and met metric ric property class marking. (8 ) Table 4—Expanded 4—Expanded spec to add the M12 3 1.75 size. (9) Added Sup Supple plemen mentar tary y Req Requir uireme ement nt S1 to cov cover er bol bolts ts threaded full length.
Discontinuity tests. ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentioned in this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the risk of infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility. This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years and if not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standards and should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of the responsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you should make your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below. This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the above addres add ress s or at 610 610-832 -832-95 -9585 85 (ph (phone one), ), 610 610-83 -832-95 2-9555 55 (fax (fax), ), or ser servic vice@a e@astm. stm.org org (e-m (e-mail ail); ); or thro through ugh the AST ASTM M web websit site e (www.astm.org).
COPYRIGHT 2003; ASTM International
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