Aspecto Económico Colonial

 

Nsp`ctk @ckeóogck Ckakegna.

An `ckekoïn `e ans ckakegns @e sus gegcgks an vgmn `ckeóogcn `e ans ckakegns s` cnrnct`rgzó pkr an ge`xgst`ecgn m` an oke`mn ckok o`mgk m` pndk `etr` nbkrïd`e`s y ckequgstnmkr`s, usîemks` prgkrgtnrgno`et` sgst`on m` tru`qu`. Au`dk`es`Snetn `opa`nrke cg`rtksn mks prkmuctks ckok oke`mns. An`avnrn m` ag`ezk, pkr `h`opak, I`, `qugvnaïn r`na`s. Aks pr`cgks ek `rne gduna`s `e ue audnr qu` `e ktrk. An `ckekoïn ckakegna iu` `a skstçe m` an `spnþkan, t`emg`et` n sntgsinc`r m` nqu`aaks prkmuctks qu` @spnþn ek t`eïn, p`rk qu` n an v`z pumg`rne skpkrtnr `a anrdk vgnh` m`sm` Noçrgcn. An `ckekoïn s` bnsnbn `e cnsg tkmk `a t`rrgtkrgk `e `a trnbnhk gemïd`en `structurnmk `e `a sgst`on m` `eckog`emns y an ogtn, qu` krgdgenrke ue sgst`on bnsnmk `e `a pkm`r y aks nbusks. An prgecgpna iu`et` m` rgqu`zn `rn an tg`rrn y skbr` `aan, aks ckequgstnmkr`s `stnba`cg`rke ue sgst`on i`umna. \rgo`rk, an prkpg`mnm m` an tg`rrn s` kbtuvk pkr mkencgóe m` an Ckrken, y au`dk pkr ckoprn., p`rk sóak pkmïne ckev`rtgrs` `e prkpg`tnrgks aks ckequgstnmkr`s, aks pkbanmkr`s, aks b`e`oçrgtks m` ans Gemgns y sus m`sc`emg`et`s. S` `stnba`cg`rke `stnba`cg`rke zkens pnrn `a pnstkr`k m` dnenm dnenmkk iu`rn m`a rnmgk urbne urbnek. k. \nrn `aak s` r`pnrtg`rke gemgks y tg`rrns. An `xc`pcgóe iu` Cuyk, mkem` ek `xgstgó `a antgiuemgk, eg `a pnstkr`k m` dnenmk, r`pnrtgçemks`, oîs gemgks qu` tg`rrns. Ek cnb` mumn, qu` `a prkmuctk oîs r`etnba` `rne aks o`tna`s pr`cgksks. Na prgecgpgk, aks ckequgstnmkr`s s` npkm`rnrke m` `aaks pkr tru`qu` k snqu`k. Au`dk aks r`cka`ctnrke enturnao`et`, mkem` ak `ecketrnbne, skbr` tkmk `e `a cnuc` m` aks rïks, utgagznemk n aks nbkrïd`e`s pnrn an tnr`n. N pnrtgr m` >090:0 s` nacnezó `a pgck oîs natk `e an prkmuccgóe jkemur`þn m` o`tna`s pr`cgksks6 an bkenezn sgdugó jnstn >9>93< s` jn `stnecnmk y `etrn `e m`pr`sgóe. Jnbrî au`dk suc`sgvks r`puet`s n igena`s m`a ZYGG nar`mkr m`a oge`rna m` @a Ckrpus y murnet` `a sgdak ZYGGG cke an `etrnmn `e `xpaktncgóe m` sgtgks m` gopkrtnet` prkmuccgóe ckok C`mrks, Sne Netkegk m` Krg`et` y Wuscnrîe. »^uç cgrcuestnecgns onetuvg`rke n an oge`rïn jkemur`þn ckakegna `e uen sgtuncgóe m` bnhn k m`sgduna prkmuctgvgmnm; @a prkba`on m` an onek on ek m` kbrn An dkb`rencgóe ek sust`etnbn uen pkbancgóe nbuemnet`. Aks pu`baks m` gemgks m`cr`cg`rke `e an s`duemn ogtnm m`a ZYG y aks prgecgpna`s m` `aaks s` akcnagznbne `e Kccgm`et`, ouy na`hnmks m`a cgrcugtk oge`rk. Nm`oîs jnbïn a`y`s qu` gop`mïne utgagznr n aks gemïd`ens m`etrk m` aks tøe`a`s. @e an çpkcn m`a bkko gegcgna s` ckopró `etr` 200=0->090 `e Oçxgck y \`rø. \kst`rgkro`et` y `e o`ekr `scnan `e Jkemurns qu`, s`døe E`wske (Kp.Cgt). Npkrtnbn ue 0% m`a tktna m` rgqu`zn oge`rna m`a gop`rgk. An onek m` kbrn iu` prgecgpnao`et` gemïd`en. @a `scnsk cnpgtna cgrcuanet` iu` `a puetk mçbga m` aks mu`þks m` ans ogens r`currg`emk n aks cko`rcgnet`s y ans gda`sgns. Aks mu`þks pnrtgcuanro`et` m` ogens pndnbne n an ckrken `a 2.\rgecgpgk m` s`þkrïk8 ek jny tg`rrn sge mu`þk, øegcno`et` `a r`y tg`e` `a m`r`cjk m` c`m`rans `e usuiructk. 2.An tg`rrn ckok nagcg`et`8 an ckakegn pr`ognbn n aks ckequgstnmkr`s cke ans tg`rrns m` `aaks ogsoks a`s nrr`bntnbne n aks gemgks y cke aks gemgks ogsoks (n trnvçs m` an `eckog`emn). 3.An tg`rrn iu`et` pnrnprkpg`tnrgks ans cnhns r`na`s. M`spuçs m` >07>aks an ckrnen mgctkckok órm`e`s pnrnm`qu`gedr`sk tkmks aks m` tg`rrns pr`s`etnrne

 

r`sp`ctgvks tïtuaks. Cnsk aks usurpnmkr`s pkmrïne ckes`rvnrans pndnemk na R`y uen suon m` mge`rk aanonmn ckopksgcgóe. =.^u` aks pu`baks m` gemgks tuvg`rne suigcg`et`s tg`rrns. @st` iu` `a øegck qu` kp`rk ckok inctkr m` cr`ncgóe m` antgiuemgks. 0.Bakqu`k o`stgzks8 @st` pkbr` iu` qu` `a cr`cgog`etk antgiuemgksndrnrgk pkr qu`nanaks pkbancgóe o`stgzn s` `stgouak vgk kbagdnmn n m`spanznrs`m`n aks ans jncg`emns y n trnbnhnr `e `aan n cnobgk m` tg`rrn `e usuiructk bnhk ckemgcgke`s qu` a`s gopkeïne ans `agt`s crgkaans t`rrnt`eg`et`s Onrtïe`z ckecauy` su neîagsgs nmvgrtg`emk qu`, mnmk qu` an mgspkegbgagmnm m` onek on ek m` kbrn gemïd`en ek nuo`etn ak suigcg`et`, an `agt` crgkaan pnrn pr`s`rvnrs` tuvk qu` ir`enr su prkpgk cr`cgog`etk y ckec`etrnr `e sus oneks cnmn v`z oîs tg`rrns. An tg`rrn sge `a gemgk ek vnaïn enmn y ckok an bøsqu`mn m`a cketrka m`a trnbnhk m`a gemgk `stgouak pkr ncnpnrnr an tg`rrn, murnet`m`an gemgks. ckakegn `a vnakr m` uen jncg`emn gecauïn`a`aniîe m`r`cjk n ue eøo`rk m`t`rogenmk @a cko`rcgk8 an ckakegn `spnþkan t`egn su prgecgpna prkba`on `e cketrkanr na oîxgok an pantn y `a krk qu` v`egn m` ans ckakegns bns` m` an `ckekoïn y pksgcgóe `spnþkan `e @urkpn. \nrn cketrkanr an `etrnmn m` agedkt`s y euo`rnrgk s` cr`nrke `e @spnþn an cnsn m` cketrntncgóe (>0043 Ckonyndun s`rî `sckdgmn ckok an cnpgtna m` an dkb`rencgóe m` Jkemurns ak cuna r`ia`hn `a m`spanznog`etk m` an nctgvgmnm `ckeóogcn m`sm` an ckstn ntaîetgcn jncgn `a get`rgkr m`a t`rrgtkrgk Jkemur`þk. @e an prgo`rn ogtnm m`a sgdak ZYGG, an `xpaktncgóe m` pantn s` ckestgtuyk `e `a prgecgpna prkmuctk m` an cnpgtneïn d`e`rna m` Dunt`onan, an cuna skak Jkemurns r`pkrtnbn c`rcn m`a 7047, `a

 

tgtuak m` Nacnamïn onykr, an cuna t`eïn hurgsmgccgóe skbr` uen drne cnetgmnm m` c`etrks oge`rks ubgcnmk nar`m`mkr m` r`na m` ogens m` Sne Ogdu`a Nrcîed`a m` ]`ducgdnapn. An nctgvgmnm oge`rn qu` s` m`snrrkaak pkr an nacnamïn onykr m` ]`ducgdnapn `stgouak an prkmuccgóe m` bg`e`s `e ktrns r`dgke`s m` an prkvgecgn. @e `i`ctk aks c`etrks oge`rks m`onemnbne uen s`rg` m` prkmuctks, cke ak cuna, n pnrtgr m`a sgdak ZYGGG s` `op`zó n m`tkenr uen a`v` mgv`rsgigcncgóe `ckeóogcn m` an prkvgecgn. Nsï, surd`e zkens ndrïckans dnenm`rns, tnbnqu`rns y snage`rns qu` supaïne m` bg`e`s y prkmuctks n aks c`etrks oge`rks. @s `vgm`et` qu` an r`dgóe m` an vgaan m` ]`ducgdnapn euecn r`pr`s`etk uen zken inctgba` pnrn ans nctgvgmnm`s ndrkp`cunrgns pkr ak tnetk surd`e, zkens ndrïckans y dnenm`rns subsgmgnrgn `e r`dgke`s ckok Kanecjk y Cjkaut`cn. Nsï ogsok an zken m` ckpne ckpn e s` `opg`zn n get`esgigcnr `e an prkmuccgóe m` tnbnck pnrn supagr tnobgçe `st` prkmuctks n aks c`etrks oge`rks. An nctgvgmnm oge`rn `stgouaó an prkmuccgóe qu` ktrks bg`e`s y nrtïcuaks, n rtïcuaks, sgst`on qu` iu` cnrnct`rïstgck cnrnct`rïstgck y `e `a qu` an prkmuc prkmuccgóe cgóe m` o`tna`s pr`c pr`cgksks gksks krdnegzó tkmn uen cnm`en prkmuctgvn.Pe nsp`ctk n m`stncnr `s qu` an prkmuccgóe oge`rn `e an nacnamïn onykr on ykr m` ]`ducgdnapn, okm`stn sg s` a` ckopnrn cke Oçxgck y \`rø. @st` cko`rcgk `e an Nacnamïn onykr kb`m`cïn n su `strntçdgcn `strntçdgcn ubgcncgóe `etr` r`m`s m` cko`rcgk get`rprkvgecgna m` Dunt`onan, @a Snavnmkr y Egcnrndun. M`sm` su iuemncgóe jnstn nar`m`mkr m` >404=:) krg`etk jncgn an m`i`esn ans prgkrgmnm`s m` an ckrken pnrtgcuanro`et` m`a cko`rcgk pkr `a Ntaîetgck. An prkdr`sgvn c`etrnagzncgóe ` jgspnegzncgóe m` aks cnrdks pkaïtgcks pkr ans r`ikrons nmogegstrntgvns m` aks r`y`s Bkrbke`s, huetk na nud` m` an prkmuccgóe m` nþga qu` get`r`sk oîs n aks cko`rcgnet`s, t`rogenrke pkr gegcgnr uen prkdr`sgvn m`cagencgóe m` an oge`rïn jkemur`þn. @e >4:4, ckok vgoks ntrîs, cke an cr`ncgóe m` an get`em`ecgn m` Ckonyndun, an nacnamïn Onykr m` ]`ducgdnapn s` ckevgrtgó `e uen subm`a`dncgóe jnstn su r`stnurncgóe `e >:>2. \nrn `etkec`s an dnenm`rïn (qu` m`onemnbn o`ekr cnetgmnm m` onek m` kbrn) jnbïn m`spanznmk `e gopkrtnecgn `ckeóogcn an oge`rïn. @st` skak vkav`rïn n r`cup`rnr su gopkrtnecgn r`antgvn n ige`s m` an mçcnmn m` >:4< cunemk `a dkbg`rek m` an m` Onrck Nur`agk Sktk bnsnrïn `e `aan su prky`ctk p rky`ctk pkaïtgck r`ikrogstn. An nctgvgmnm Ndrïckan. An nctgvgmnm ndrïckan y an ckes`cu`et` `xpaktncgóe qu` m` `aan s` m`rgvn s` r`nagzk `e Jkemurns na gduna qu` `e tkmn an No`rgcn jgspnen, trnvçs m` an gestgtucgóe `ckeóogcn gemgstgetno`et` ckok an `eckog`emn k r`pnrtgog`etk (m` gemgks), an cuna ckestgtuyk ue pnrt` get`drna `e an ckequgstn ckequg stn y pncgigcncgóe m` Jkemurns. An `eckog`emn iu` an ckec`sgóe m` gemïd`ens m` ue pu`bak, drupk m` pu`baks k ogcrk r`dgóe pnrn ue `spnþka cke o`rgtks m` ckequgstn8 `a `ecko`em`rk, qug`e sncnbn prkv`cjk m` `stk pkr o`mgk m`a trgbutk `e ikron m` bg`e`s ndrïckans, prkmuctks `xótgcks y, oîsy tnrm` `e anbkrna`s mge`rk y trnbnhk .Nsï ogsok cnobgk m` r`cgbgr trgbutks s`rvgcgks m`a gemgk gemgr`ctk `a `ecko`em`rk `stnbnn

 

kbagdnmk n prkt`d`raks ` gestrugraks `e an i` cntóagcn. Ckequgstn y `eckog`emn aa`dnrke `a ogsok tg`opk n Jkemurns. \kst`rgkro`et`, cke an ckequgstn y pncgigcncgóe m`a c`etrk y nccgm`et` m` Jkemurns, \`mrk m` Navnrnmk Navnrnmk r`pnrtgó gemgks `e `eckog` `eckog`emn emn n pnrtgr m` >>030, 030, cke an cuna, an onykr pnrt` m` Jkemurns pnsk n `stnr bnhk `a rçdgo`e m` `eckog`emns, `a trnbnhk ckok ]nono`s `rn `a usk qu` ons s` jncgn m` aks gemgks `ecko`emnmks pkr Jkemurns, p`rk oucjks m` `aaks n p`snr m` ans prkjgbgcgke`s, trnbnhnrke y p`r`cg`rke `e ans ogens, `a s`þkr `ecko`em`rk n su v`z `stnbn kbagdnmk n prkpkrcgkenr nago`etks y pnrc`ans pn rc`ans m` tg`rrn pnrn su sust`etk. sus t`etk. ]nobgçe m`s cg`rtn one`rn `stns `eckog`emns s` ndautgenrke `e ans r`dgke`s p`rgiçrgcn n aks c`etrks oge`rks. Ckok pkr `h`opak `e `a kccgm`et`, krg`et` y sur m` Jkemurns ans cuna`s supaïne aks drneks bîsgcks y cnre`s n aks c`etrks oge`rks. Aks net`rgkr gec`etgvk ue okm`stk get`rcnobgk cko`rcgna `e `sn çpkcn, ek kbstnet`, an `scns`z m` cnogeks y aks ondrks r`suatnrke `e an prkmuccgóe ndrïckan, prîctgcno`et` prîctgcno`et` m`t`rogenrke qu` ans `eckog`emns iu`rne, `etgmnm`s nutnrqugcns `s m`cgr skano`et` prkmucïne pnrn nutknbnst`c`rs`. n utknbnst`c`rs`. @stn `etgmnm pkaïtgck-nmogegstrntgvk t`eïn ckok prgecgpna iuecgóe iko`etnr an ndrgcuaturn `e uen m`t`rogenmn r`dgóe. Nsï s` krdnegznrke `e Jkemurns `a ckrr`dgog`etk m` ]`eckn (nctunao`et` Snetn Bîrbnrn) y `a ckrr`dgog`etk ckrr`dgog`etk m` an eu`vn Xnrndkzn (Kckt`p`qu`). \`rk tuvg`rke r`suatnmks pkcks na`etnmkr`s N pnrt` m`a cncnk y a` nþga, ans jncg`emns jkemur`þns prkmuh`rke ckcjgegaan (ckakrnet` enturna), tnbnck, onïz, trgdk, znrznpnrrgaan y cnþn m` nzøcnr, y m`rgvnmks m` dnenm`rïn8 cnre`s, s`bks, cu`rk, y aîct`ks, `etr` ktrks. @e su an `ckekoïn ckakegna m` Jkemurns dgrk `e mks `h`s8 an prkmuccgóe ndrkp`cunrgn pnrn `a ckesuok get`rek get`rek prgecgpnao`et` y an oge`rïn. @@ee `a cnsk m` Jkemurns `a cncnk y `a nþga pnrn an `xpkrtncgóe, ek iructgigcnrke `e an ikron `e qu` `stks prkmuctks ak jgcg`rke `e Dunt`onan, @a Snavnmkr y `e o`ekr o`mgmn Egcnrndun, sgek qu` oîs bg`e iu` an oge`rïn an nctgvgmnm n ctgvgmnm `ckeóogcn n pnrtgr m` an cuna dgrk an `ckekoïn jkemur`þn `e an çpkcn ckakegna. Bgbagkdrniïn ckesuatnmn8 Iu`et` m` mkem` s` kbtuvk geikroncgóe8 AN @CKEKOÏN CKAKEGNA. –  @e cncjç www.andugn2090 `e O@ZGCK y \@RP. \kst`rgkro`et` W @E o`ekr `scnan `e JKEMPRNS. 2. An ndrgcuaturn. Cnrnct`rgznmn pkr ans `eckog`emns y r`pnrtgog`etks s` mgv`rsgigcn cke `a cr`cgog`etk m` an nctgvgmnm oge`rn. An znrznpnrrgaan, `a agqugmîobnr, `a nþga, ans pnpns, `a onïz, cnþniïstuan, drnen (ckcjgegaan), tnbnck, cncnk, Iu`rke prkmuctks m` `xpkrtncgóe. Ktrks prkmuctks m` ckesuok akcna ckok an cnþn m` nzøcnr y naduens irutns iu`rke gopkrtnet`s pnrn an mgv`rsgmnm prkmuctgvn. 3. An dnenm`rïn. @stn iu` uen pnrt` ouy gopkrtnet` m` an `ckekoïn ckakegna yn qu` an cnre` `rn pnrt` m` an mg`tn m` an pkbancgóe, s` `xpkrtnbn `a cu`rk jncgn @spnþn y tnobgçe s` utgagznbn ckok `obnanh` pnrn nadueks prkmuctks ckok `a nþga. Cko`rcgk. @a cko`rcgk `etr` @spnþn y Noçrgcn `stuvk okekpkagznmk an onykr pnrt` m`a tg`opk, prgecgpna`s m` Noçrgcn `rne8 @a m` Y`rncruz @a m` pkrtn b`aak, Gznbnaaks y Snetk tkonspu`rtks `e Dunt`onan. @a prgecgpna kbstîcuak pnrn trnspkrtnr aks prkmuctks m` an ckakegn na o`rcnmk `urkp`k ek `rn ntrnv`snr `a kcçnek ntaîetgck sgek aa`dnr n `a. Ans zkens ndrïckans ons prkmuctgvns `stnbne sgtunmns c`rcn m` an ckstn m`a pncgigck y s`pnrnmns m` ans ckstn ntaîetgck p`rk ue c`rck m` oketnþns. @a trnspkrt` n aks pu`rtks r`pr`s`etk sg`opr` an pnrt` oîs drnem` m` aks ckst`s m` trnspkrt`. @e nþks onaks, aks bucne`rks k aks ntnqu`s mgr`ctks m` pkt`ecgns `xtrneh`rns getrkmucgrïne ue `a`o`etk m` p`agdrk.

 

Ige m`a okekpkagk cko`rcgna. @a cketrnbnemk m` aks prkmuctks `urkp`ks, qu` s` d`e`rnagzk `e `a ZYGG cke an ckestnet` get`rrupcgóe m` ans ckouegcncgke`s kigcgna`s, nat`rk an pnutn m` get`rcnobgks no`rgcneks, ` gegcgk nuequ` ga`dnao`et`, ue sgst`on m` agbr` env`dncgóe y m` rupturn m`a rïdgmk sgst`on m` okekpkagk, qu` ek iuecgkenbn. An agb`rtnm m` cko`rcgk cke pkt`ecgns `xtrneh`rns ncnbk pkr s`r ge`vgtnba` an gecnpncgmnm m` prkmucgr qu` an gemgns r`qu`rïne. @a m`r`cjk m`mnmn nsg`etk, y `a envïk `spnþkan iaktn jgspnen pumg`rnakenv`dnr ue bnrck geda`s m` 044:, cunemk `a sgst`on m` okekpkagk yn ek iuecgkenbn nsï s` r`ckekcïn uen sgtuncgóe m` j`cjk. A`dnao`et` s` nutkrgzk skak n >3 pu`rtks `spnþka`s y n 22 m` ans gemgns, m`hnemk n ue anmk, `a prgecgpgk, n aks m`a dkaik m` Oçxgck. Nuequ` an cnusn ek iu`rn `sn o`mgmn, aks get`rcnobgks cr`cg`rke `sp`ctncuanro`et` m` >44: n >479 p`rgkmk `e qu` nuo`etk `e = v`c`s `a vnakr m` ans `xpkrtncgke`s `spnþkans n ans gemgns6 m`etrk m` `aans aks prkmuctks `spnþka`s pnsnrke n kcupnr m` =< na 3< pkr >