Asme b18.15-1998(Metric Eye Bolts)

ASME B18.1 5 M 998 I

LIFTING EYES IncorporatingASME B18.1 5.1 M - l W and ASME B18.1 5.2M-1998 A NA M E R I C A NN A T I O N A LS T A N D A R D

The American Society of Mechanical Engineers

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STDWASME BLB.LSM-ENGL

1998

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The American Society of Mechanical Engineers

A N A M E R I C A N N A T I O N A L S T A N D A R D

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METRIC LIFTING EYES in corpora tin^ ASME B18 15.1 M-1UN8 and ASME B18.1 5.M-1998

ASME B18,15M-1NB8 COPYRIGHT 2002; American Society of Mechanical Engineers

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Date of Issuance: July 31, 1999

This Standard will be revised when the Society approves the issuance of a new edition. There will be no addenda issued to this edition.

ASME will issue written replies to inquiries concerning interpretation of technical aspects of this Standard. -||| | | ||||| | | | || | | |||| || || | | | |

ASME is the registered trademark of The American Society of Mechanical Engineers.

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This code or standard was developed under procedures accredited as meeting the criteria for American National Standards. The Standards Committee that approved the code or standard was balanced to assure that individuals from competent and concerned interests have had an opportunity to participate. The proposed code or standard was made available for public review and comment that providesan opportunity for additional public input from industry, academia, regulatory agencies, and the public-at-large. ASME does not "approve," "rate," or "endorse" any item, construction, proprietary device, or activity. ASME does not take any position with respect to the validityof any patent rights asserted in connection with any items mentionedin this document, and does not undertake to insure anyone utilizing astandard against liabilityfor infringement ofany applicable Letters Patent, nor assumes any such liability. Users of a code or standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the risk of infringement of such rights, is entirely their own responsibility. Participation by federal agency representative(s) or person(s) affiliatedwith industry is not to be interpreted as government or industry endorsement of this code or standard. ASME acceptsresponsibilityfor onlythoseinterpretations issued in accordance with governing ASME procedures and policies which precludes the issuance of interpretations by individual volunteers.

No part of this document may be reproduced in any form, in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise, without the prior writtenpermission of the publisher.

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Forged threaded lifting eyes used in lifting applications come within the scope of ASME Standards Committee B18 on Standardization of Bolts, Nuts, Rivets, Screws, Washers, and Similar Fasteners, whichwasorganized in March of 1922 undertheproceduresofthe American Engineering Standards Committee [later renamed the American National Standards Institute, Inc. (ANSI)], with the Society of Automotive Engineers and The American Society of MechanicalEngineers as joint sponsors. Subcommittee No. 15 was appointed in March of 1960 and asked to give initial consideration to the establishment of a standardonforged lifting eyes including ratedcapacity. At its firstmeeting,held onApril 22, 1960,the committee decided to askallofthe leading suppliers to furnish dimensions, tolerances, and rated capacities for their standard lifting eyes. This data was collected, consolidated, and studied in detail. It was soon apparent that it wouldbeimpossible to develop an ANSI standard thatwould agree witheven a small percentage of thestandardproductsthen being produced. The firstproposal, therefore, attempted to come as close as possibletoan average valueand still maintainan orderly progressionfrom the smaller to the larger sizes. ANSI Standards Committee B I8 approved the proposal by letter ballot taken on September 24, 1964, and following approval by the sponsors it was submitted on July 28, 1965 to ANSI for approval. Because of a conflict with the USA Standard Specification for Carbon Steel Eyebolts, G38.2-1964,finalapprovalwaswithheld. Subsequent tothewithdrawalof G38.2-1964,ANSIapprovedthe B18 proposalonFebruary 18, 1969. A revision was approved by letter ballot of ASME (the sponsor) and submitted to ANSI for designation as anAmericanNationalStandard.ANSIapprovalofB18.15-1985,Forged Eyebolts, wasgranted on July 17, 1985. Inthemid-1980s it was determinedthattherewould be need for a standard to cover lifting eyes with metricthreads. A standard wasdevelopedusingthe existing forgings. After several meetings and revisions, the Committee decided, at the June 1990 meeting, to create a standard thatwould be compatible with the worldmarket andwould thus reflect the I S 0 standard. This meant that only shouldered lifting eyes wouldbe included, because that istheonly style in the IS0 standard. There were concerns aboutthethreadundercut usedonmetric lifting eyes. AnFEA (finite element analysis) determined that the undercut was not detrimental to performance. Although the material generally usedby U.S. manufacturers greatly exceeds the requirements of the IS0 standard, the decision was made to down rate the capacitytothe I S 0 standardrequirements.Followingapproval by ASME, the document was submitted to ANSI.ASMEB18.15.1M-1998wasapproved by ANSIon November30,1998. In response to requests from users for lifting eyes with greater lifting capacity and longer threads, the Committee created a standard for straight shank (no flange) lifting eyes based on the capabilities of the materials used in the U.S. for inch threaded lifting eyes. Following approval by ASME,thedocumentwassubmitted to ANSI.ASME B 18.15.2M-1998 was approved by ANSI on July 7, 1998.

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FOREWORD

S T D - A S M E B L b - 1 5 M - E N G L 1998

0759670 Ob13010 T 9 T

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CORRESPONDENCE WITH B18 COMMITTEE

General. ASME Standards are developed and maintained with the intent to represent the consensus of concernedinterests.As such, usersofthisStandard may interact withthe Committee by requesting interpretations, proposing revisions, and attending Committee meetings. Correspondence should be addressedto:

Secretary, BIS Main Committee The AmericanSocietyofMechanical Three ParkAvenue New York, NY 10016-5990

Engineers

Proposing Revisions. Revisions are madeperiodically to the Standard to incorporate changes that appear necessary or desirable, as demonstrated by the experience gained from the application ofthe Standard. Approved revisions will be published periodically. The Committee welcomes proposals for revisions to this Standard. Such proposals should be as specific as possible, citing theparagraph number(s), theproposedwording,and a detailed description of the reasons for the proposal, including any pertinent documentation. Interpretations. Upon request,the B18 Committee willrenderan interpretation ofany requirement of the Standard. Interpretations canonly be rendered in response to a written request sent to theSecretary of the BIS Main Committee. The request for interpretation should be clear and unambiguous. It is further recommended thatthe inquirer submit hisher request in the following format:

Subject: Edition: Question:

Cite the applicable paragraph number(s) and the topic of the inquiry. Cite the applicable edition of the Standard for which the interpretation isbeingrequested. Phrase the question as a request for an interpretation of a specific requirement suitable for general understanding and use, not as a request for an approval of a proprietarydesign or situation. The inquirer may or drawings, which are necessary to explain also includeanyplans the question; however,theyshouldnot contain proprietarynames or information.

Requeststhat are not in thisformatwill be rewritten in this format by the Committee prior to being answered, which may inadvertently change the intent of the original request. ASME procedures provide for reconsideration of any interpretation when or if additional informationthatmight affect an interpretation is available. Further, persons aggrieved by an interpretation may appealtothe cognizant ASME Committee or Subcommittee. ASME does not “approve,” “certify,” “rate,” or “endorse” any item, construction, proprietary device, or activity. Attending Committee Meetings. The B 18 Main Committee regularly holds meetings, which are open to the public. Persons wishing to attend any meeting should contact the Secretary of the BI 8 Main Committee.

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ASME B18 STANDARDS COMMllTEE Standardization of Bolts, Nuts, Rivets, Screws, Washers, and Similar Fasteners (The following is theroster of the Committee at the time ofapproval of this Standard.)

OFFICERS D. A. Clever, Chair Vice Chair S. W. Vass, Vice Chair R. L. Crane, Secretary

R. D. Strong,

COMMITTEE PERSONNEL J. C. Akino, Safety Socket Screw Corp. J. Altman, Rotor Clip Co. J. B. Belford, Lawson Products, Inc. D. J. Broomfield, Illinois Tool Works, Inc. J. A. Buda, SPS Technologies, Inc. R. M. Byme, Trade Association Management, Inc. D. A. Clever, Deere & Co. A. P. Cockman, Ford Motor Co. T. Collier, Cam-Tech Industries, Inc. R. L. Crane, The American Society of Mechanical Engineers A. C. DiCola, Wrought Washer Manufacturing, Inc. A. Dinh, Defense Industrial Supply Center W. D. Downing, Black 81 Decker Inc. B. A. Dusina, Federal Screw Works D.S. George, Ford Motor Co. R. J. Harrington, Spirol International Corp. B. Hasiuk, Defense Industrial Supply Center A. Herskovitz, US. Army A.C. Hood, ACH Technologies J. Hubbard, Rockford Fastener, Inc. F. W. Kern, Society of Automotive Engineers W. H. Kopke, I T W Shakeproof Industrial Products P.D, Korsmo, Consultant J. G. Langenstein, Consultant M. Levinson, ITW Shakeproof Industrial Products J. B. Levy, Consultant L. L. Lord, Caterpillar, Inc. A. D. McCrindle, Stelco Fasteners, Ltd. K. E. McCullough, Consultant R. F. Novotny, Textron M. D. Prasad. General Motors Corp. W. Schevey, BGM Fastener Co., Inc. J. H. Slass, Alternate, Rotor Clip Co. R. D. Strong, General Motors Corp. J. F. Sullivan, National Fastener Distributors Association R. L. Tennis, Caterpillar, Inc. S. W. Vass, Lake Erie Screw Corp./lFI R. G. Weber, Fairfield University C. J. Wilson, Industrial Fasteners Institute R. B. Wright, Wright Tool Co. J. G. Zeratsky, National Rivet & Manufacturing Co.

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SUBCOMMITTEE 15

- LIFTING EYES

J. G. Langenstein, Chair, Consultant A. P. Cockman, Ford Motor Co. A. Herskovitz, U.S. Army L. C. Schroeder, Materials 81 Research Center J. F. Sullivan, National Fastener Distributors Association

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CONTENTS

Foreword ....................................................................................... Correspondence With B18 Committee ............................................................. Standards Committee Roster ..................................................................... ASMEB18.15.1M-1998ForgedLiftingEyes

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ASMEB18.15.2M-1998 Metric Straight ShankLiftingEyes

COPYRIGHT 2002; American Society of Mechanical Engineers

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ASME B18.15.1M-1998

....................................................................... 2 Requirements ............................................................................. 3 Application ............................................................................... 1

Introductory Notes

Figures 1 Identification Location 2 Nonaxial Load Application

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Tables 1 Rated. Proof. and Breaking Loads ........................................................... 2 Dimensions .................................................................................

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5

ASME B18.15.1M-1998

FORGED LIFTING EYES

1 INTRODUCTORY NOTES

ASTM A 489, Standard Specification for Carbon Steel Lifting Eyes ASTM F 541, StandardSpecification for AlloySteel Eyebolts Publisher: American Society for Testing and Materials, 1 0 0 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428

IS0 3266, Eyebolts for General Lifting Purposes' Publisher: International Organization for Standardization, 1 rue de Varembé, Case postale 56, CH-1121, Genève 20, Switzerland/Suisse

1.3Dimensions 1.6 Designation

All dimensions in this Standard are in millimeters (mm).

Lifting eyes conforming to thisStandardshall be designated bythe following data, preferably in the sequence shown: (a) ASMEdocument number ( b ) productname

1.4 Terminology For definitions of terms relating to fasteners or component features used in this Standard, refer to B18.12.

' May also be obtained from American National Standards Institute. I I West 42nd Street, New York, NY 10036.

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This Standard is basedon IS0 3266:1984 Type l . Maximum lifting capacities and proof loads for a particularthread size complywith I S 0 3266.Minimum breaking loads in IS0 3266 are approximately 4 times maximum lifting capacities; in this Standard minimum breakingloads are approximately 5 timesmaximum lifting capacities. I S 0 3266 does not have a tapered eye thickness as shown in this Standard. In addition, for some sizes the following features do notcomply withthe IS0 standard: (a) flangediameter (b) threadundercut diameter (c) stud length Control is alsorequired for somedimensionsnot controlled in IS0 3266.

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1.2 Comparison With IS0 3266

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This Standard covers dimensional andloadrequirements for forged metric threaded lifting eyes intended primarily for lifting applications. The inclusion of dimensional data in thisStandard isnotintendedtoimplythatall sizes describedare production stock items. Consumers should consult with suppliers concerning lists of stockproductionitems.

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ASME B1.3M, Screw Thread Gaging Systems for Dimensional Acceptability - Inch and Metric Screw Threads (UN, UNR, UNJ, M,and MJ)' ASME B I .13M, Metric Screw Threads - M Profile' ANSI B18.12, Glossary of Terms for Mechanical Fasteners' ASME B 18.18.1M, Inspection and Quality Assurance for General Purpose Fasteners' ASME B 18.18.2M,Inspectionand Quality Assurance for High-Volume Machine Assembly Fasteners' ASME B 18.18.3M,Inspectionand Quality Assurance for Special Purpose Fasteners' ASME B 18.18.4M,Inspection and Quality Assurance for Fasteners for Highly Specialized Engineered Applications' Publisher: The American Society of Mechanical Engineers, Three ParkAvenue,New York, NY 100165990; Order Department: 22 Law Drive, Box 2300, Faifield, New Jersey 07007-2300

1.1 Scope

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1.5 Referenced Standards

FORGED LIFTING EYES

ASME B18.15.1M-1998

TABLE 1 RATED, PROOF, AND BREAKING LOADS Maximum Lifting Capacity, kg

Thread Size M8 M10 M12 M16 M20 M24 M30 M36

8 12.5

600 500

M42 M48 M56 M64

Proof Load, kN

160 250 400 31.5 630

3.2 5 8 12.5

are intended to be used in tapped threads.

Minimum Breaking Load, kN

holes with Class 6H

2.4 DimensionsandTolerances

Dimensions andtolerances are listed in Table 2. 2.5 Marking

All marks shall be raised. As a minimum, these shall include the manufacturer's identification, part thread size, and rating. The preferredlocation for markings isshown in Fig. 1.

20

1 O00 1 2 200 4 O00

20 32 50 80

50 80 125

6 300 400 8 O00 500 10 O00 800 16 O00

125 160 200 320

315

2.6 Inspectionand Quality Assurance Unless otherwise specified, acceptability of lifting eyes shall be determined in accordance with ASME B18.18.1M. 2.6.1 PerformanceCertification. Unless otherwise specified, proof load and minimum breaking load specified in Table 1 shall be inspected to ASME B18.18.2M level B.

(c) nominalthread size (d) ASTM material

2.6.2DimensionalCharacteristics. Unless otherwise specified,the following designated dimensional characteristics shall be inspected in accordance with ASME B18.18.2M and shall be within their specifiedlimits:

EXAMPLES: ( I ) ASME B18.15.1M Lifting EyeM12 ASTM A489 Steel (2) ASMEB18.15.1M Lifting Eye M30 ASTM A489 Steel

2REQUIREMENTS

Characteristic

2.1 Material

Inspection Level

Thread Acceptability Visual Inspection (shall include nicks and cracks)

The material requirements for general purpose carbon steel lifting eyes used between O and 135°C are covered by ASTM A 489. Lifting eyes requiringimproved toughness or intended primarily for temperature applications to -40°C are covered by ASTM F 541. When other materials are required, thematerialshall be as agreed uponbythemanufactureranduser.

If verifiable in-process inspectionisused according to ASME B18.18.3M or ASME B18.18.4M, thefinal inspection level sample sizes of those respective standards shall apply. For nondesignated dimensional characteristics, the provisions of ASME B l8.18.1M shall apply. Should a nondesignateddimension be determined to be outside itsspecified limits, it shall be deemed conforming to thisStandard if the userwhoisthe installer accepts the dimension, based on form, fit, and function considerations.

2.2 Mechanical and Performance Requirements

Proof and breaking loadsshallmeet or exceedthe requirements of Table 1. Tests shall be performed in accordance with ASTM A 489. 2.3 Threads

3 APPLICATION

Threads shall be coarse thread series Class 6gas specified in ASME B1.13M. Threads shall be inspected in accordance with ASME B 1.3M System 21 unless otherwise specified.Rolled threads to improve fatigue life of the lifting eye are desirable. These lifting eyes

3.1PeriodicInspection Lifting eyes shall be free from visible defects that might affect serviceability. Lifting eyes should be routinelyvisuallyinspected for such defects as: 4

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ASME B18.15.1M-1998

FORGED LIFTING EYES

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FORGED LIFTING EVES

ASME B18.15.1M-1998

Load Alternate

marking location

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Preferred marking location

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(a) Recommended

Load

or shank

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( u ) bent or distorted eye

(b) nicksand gouges ( c ) obvious wear (d) worn andlor distorted threads (e) cracks If any of these defects are visible,the lifting eye should be removedfrom service and destroyed.

3.2 Selection Guides The following are some suggestions on the application of a lifting eye. (u) Loads must always be applied to lifting eyes in the plane of the eye, not at someangletotheplane. See Fig. 2. (b) Coatings are notrecommended. If, however, a coating must be applied, lifting eyes should be visually inspected for flaws prior to applying a coating. Coatings such as painting, galvanizing, or plating cover flaws and interfere with inspection. (c) Holes used for installation of lifting eyes shall be tapped sufficiently deep to allow the shoulder to seat. (d) To obtain the ratedloadingshown in Table 1,

(b) Not Recommended

FIG. 2 NONAXIAL LOADAPPLICATION shoulders need to bear firmlyagainstthematingpart. A steelwasher or spacer, not to exceed one thread pitch, may be requiredtoputtheplane of the eye in thedirectionoftheloadwhentheshoulder is seated. See Fig. 2.

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FIG. 1 IDENTIFICATIONLOCATION

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ASME B18.15.2M-1998

1

Introductory Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. , . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

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2

Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , .. , . . . . . . . .

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Figure 1 Identification Location . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

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Tables 1 Rated, Proof, and Breaking Loads . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , . . . . . . . . , . .. . . . . . . .. . , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

11

Appendices A Periodic Inspection . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . B Application .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , . . . , , . . . . , . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. , . . . . . . . . . . .

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13

ASME 818.15.2M-1998

METRIC STRAIGHT SHANK LIFTING EYES

1 INTRODUCTORYNOTES

ASME B 18.18.1 M, Inspection and Quality Assurance for GeneralPurpose Fasteners' ASME B 18.18.2M,Inspectionand Quality Assurance for High-Volume Machine Assembly Fasteners' ASME B 18.18.3M,Inspectionand Quality Assurance for SpecialPurpose Fasteners' ASME B 18.18.4M, Inspection and Quality Assurance for Fasteners for Highly Specialized Engineered Applications' ASME B 18.24.I, Part Identification Number(PIN) Code System Standard for B 18 Externally Threaded Products'

1.1 Scope

This Standard covers dimensionalandaxialload requirements for forged metric straight shank threaded lifting eyes, previously referred to as eyebolts, intended primarily for lifting applications. The inclusion of dimensional data in thisStandard is not intended to implythatall sizes describedare production stock items. Consumers should consult with suppliers concerning lists of stockproductionitems.

Publisher: The American Society of Mechanical Engineers, Three Park Avenue, NewYork, NY 100165990; Order Department: 22 Law Drive, Box 2300, Fairfield, NJ 07007-2300

1.2 Comparison With I S 0

There is no I S 0 standard for thistype of lifting eye. Capacities for these lifting eyes exceed I S 0 3266, which is a standard for lifting eyes withflanges.

ASTM A 489, Standard Specification for Carbon Steel Lifting Eyes ASTM F 541, Standard Specification for Alloy Steel Eyebolts

1.3 Dimensions

All dimensions in thisStandard (mm).

are in millimeters

Publisher: American Society for Testing and Materials, 1 0 0 BarrHarbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428

1.4 Terminology

IS0 3266, Eyebolts for General Lifting Purposes'

For definitions of terms relatingto fasteners or component features used in this Standard, refer to ANSI B18.12.

Publisher:InternationalOrganization for Standardization, 1 rue de Varembé, Case postale 56, CH-1 121, Genève 20, SwitzerlandSuisse

1.5 ReferencedStandards

1.6 Designation

ASME B1.3M, ScrewThread Gaging Systems for Dimensional Acceptability - Inch and Metric Screw Threads (UN, UNR, U N J , M, and MJ)' ASME B1.13M,MetricScrew Threads - M Profile' ANSI B18.12, Glossary of Terms for Mechanical Fasteners' ASME B 18.15.1M, Forged Lifting Eyes

Lifting eyes conforming tothisStandardshallbe designated by the following data, preferably in the sequence shown: ( a ) ASME document number (b) productname (c) nominalthread size ( d ) ASTM material or optionally by ASMEB18.24.1.

' May also be obtained fromAmerican

EXAMPLE: ASMEB18.15.2MLiftingEye T152NGlOMMUNN489ANAAI

National StandardsInstitute,

I l West42nd Street, New York, NY 10036.

M 1 2 ASTM A 489 Steel,

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or

METRIC STRAIGHT SHANK LIFTINGEYES

ASME 618.15.2M-1998

2 REQUIREMENTS

Loading direction

Loading direction

t

t

2.1 Material The material requirements for general purpose carbon steel lifting eyes used between O and 135°C are covered higher by ASTM A 489. These lifting eyes have proof loads and breaking strengths than the lifting eyes covered by ASME B18.15.1M. Lifting eyes requiring improved toughness or intended primarily for temperatureapplicationsto -40°C are covered by ASTM F 541. Whenother materials arerequired,thematerial shall be as agreed upon by the manufacturer and user.

2.2 Mechanical and Performance Requirements Axial proof and breaking load requirementsMinimum are specified in Table 1. Tests shall be performed in accordance with ASTM A 489. 2.3 Threads Threads shall be coarse threadseriesClass6gas specified inASME Bl . 13M. Threads shall be inspected in accordance with ASME B1.3M System 21 unless otherwise.specified. 2.4 Dimensions Dimensions are listed in Table 2. 2.5 Marking Lifting eye markings shall include the manufacturer’s identification,partthread size, and rating. All marks shall be raised. The preferred location for markings is showninFig. 1. 2.6 Inspection and Quality Assurance Unless otherwise.specified,acceptabilityoflifting eyes shall be determined in accordance with ASME B18.18.1M. 2.6.1PerformanceCertification. Unlessotherwise specified, proof load and minimum breaking load specifiedin Table 1 shall be inspected to ASME B18.18.2M level B. 2.6.2DimensionalCharacteristics. Unless otherwise specified, the following designated dimensional characteristics shall be inspected in accordance

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TABLE 1 RATED, PROOF, AND BREAKING LOADS Maximum Lifting Breaking Capacity, kg

Thread Size M6 M8 M10 M12 M16 M20 M24 M30 M36 M42 M48 M56 M64

Proof Load, kN

Load, kN

180 16.5 330 26.0 520 760

3.6 6.6 10.4 15.2

38.0

1 2 3 5 O00

24.8 44.0 64.0 1O0

71.0 110 159 250

1 200 264 364 484

365

420 200 200

7 30046 10 O00 13 200 910 18 200 200 210 24 1

500

9.0

660

with ASME B 18.18.2M and shall be within their specifiedlimits: Characteristic

Inspection Level

Thread Acceptability Visual Inspection (shall include nicks and cracks)

C C

If verifiable in-process inspection is used according to ASME B18.18.3M or ASME B18.18.4M, thefinal inspectionlevel sample sizes ofthose respective standards shallapply. Fornondesignateddimensionalcharacteristics,the provisions of ASME B 18.18.1M shall apply. Should a nondesignated dimension be determined to be outside its specifiedlimits, it shall be deemed conforming to this Standard if theuserwho is theinstaller accepts the dimension, based on form, fit, and function considerations.

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ASME B18.15.2M-1998

METRIC STRAIGHT SHANK LIFTING EYES

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Ï F

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TABLE 2 DIMENSIONS

Length Overall Diameter Thickness Diameter Thread Size M6 M8 M10 M12 16 23

45

21 39

Eye Inside Length

Shank Eye

Outside

C, Min.

IF,Max.

O, Max.

17.5 20 24 28

20 22 25

Length F

8, Ref.

G. Min.

36

27

44

34

6 8 10 12

25 28 32 47 55

57 67 79 89

38128 45153 58186

M16 M20 M24 M30

34 36 43 50

103 19 28

69 78 93 111

M36 M42 M48 M56 M64

62 70 78 86 97

220 34 14839 174 30652 34860

135 153 174 196 223

65 75

50 60 75 85 95 1O0 110 125

80 90 105

y

Preferred marking location

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FIG. 1 IDENTIFICATION LOCA1'ION

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NONMANDATORY APPENDIX A PERIODIC INSPECTION

Lifting eyes should be free from visible defects that might affect serviceability. Lifting eyes should be routinelyvisuallyinspected for such defects as: (a) bent or distorted eye or shank (b) nicks and gouges (c) obvious wear (d) worn andor distorted threads ( e ) cracks If anyofthese defects are visible,the lifting eye should be removedfrom service and destroyed.

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The following are some suggestions on the application of a lifting eye. ( a ) Capabilities are basedonloadsbeing applied axially. See Table 1. (b) Coatings are notrecommended. Coatings such as painting, galvanizing, or plating cover flawsand interfere with inspection. (c) To attain the rated capacities shown in Table 1, minimum thread shank length of engagement must be as follows: ( I ) steel: one thread diameter; (2) cast iron, brass,bronze: 1.5 thread diameters; (3) aluminum,magnesium,zinc,plastic:two threaddiameters.

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NONMANDATORY APPENDIX B APPLICATION

AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDS FOR BOLTS. NUTS. RIVETS. SCREWS WASHERS. AND SIMILAR FASTENERS Small Solid Rivets .............................................................................. B18.1.1-1972(R1995) B18.1.2-1972(R1995) LargeRivets ................................................................................... .B18.1.3 M.l983(R1995) Metric Small Solid Rivets Square and Hex Bolts and Screws (Inch Series) ........................................................... 818.2.1-1996 Square and Hex Nuts (Inch Series) ............................................................... B18.2.2-1987(R1993) Metric Hex Cap Screws....................................................................... 818.2.3.1M-l979(R1995) Metric Formed Hex Screws ................................................................... B18.2.3.2M-l979(R1995) Metric Heavy Hex Screws .................................................................... B18.2.3.3M-l979(R1995) Metric Hex Flange Screws .................................................................... B18.2.3.4M-l984(R1995) B18.2.3.5M-l979(R1995) Metric Hex Bolts ............................................................................. Metric Heavy Hex Bolts ...................................................................... B18.2.3.6M-l979(R1995) B18.2.3.7M-l979(R1995) Metric Heavy Hex Structural Bolts ............................................................. B18.2.3.8M-l981(R1991) Metric Hex Lag Screws ....................................................................... B18.2.3.9M-l984(R1995) Metric Heavy Hex Flange Screws .............................................................. Square Head Bolts (Metric Series) .................................................................. .B18.2.3.10 "1996 .B18.2.4.1 "1996 Metric Hex Nuts, Style 1............................................................................ 818.2.4.2M-l979(R1995) Metric Hex Nuts, Style 2 ...................................................................... Metric Slotted Hex Nuts ...................................................................... B18.2.4.3M-l979(R1995) B18.4.4.4M-l982(R1993) Metric Hex Flange Nuts ...................................................................... B18.2.4.5M-l979(R1998) Metric Hex Jam Nuts ........................................................................ Metric Heavy Hex Nuts ....................................................................... B18.2.4.6M-l979(R1998) Fasteners for Use in Structural Applications .............................................................. 818.2.6-1996 Socket Cap, Shoulder, and Set Screws, Hex and Spline Keys (Inch Series) .................................... .B18. 3.1998 .B18.3.1 M.l986(R1993) Socket Head Cap Screws (Metric Series) ........................................................ Metric Series Hexagon Keys and Bits ........................................................... .Bl8.3.2 M.l979(R1998) Hexagon Socket Head Shoulder Screws (Metric Series) ........................................... .B18.3.3 M.l986(R1993) Hexagon Socket Button Head Cap Screws (Metric Series) ......................................... .B18.3.4 M.l986(R1993) Hexagon Socket Flat Countersunk Head Cap Screws (Metric Series) ................................ .B18.3.5 M.l986(R1993) .B18.3.6 M.l986(R1993) Metric Series Socket Set Screws ............................................................... .B18. 5.1990(R1998) Round Head Bolts (Inch Series) ................................................................... Metric Round Head Short Square Neck Bolts ......................................................... .B18.5.2.1 "1996 .B18.5.2.2 M.l982(R1993) Metric Round Head Square Neck Bolts ........................................................ B18.5.2.3M-l990(R1998) Round Head Square Neck Bolts With Large Head (Metric Series).................................. Wood Screws (Inch Series) ...................................................................... B18.6.1-1981(R1997) B18.6.2-1998 Slotted Head Cap Screws, Square Head Set Screws, and Slotted Headless Set Screws ........................ B18.6.3-1972(R1997) Machine Screws and Machine Screw Nuts ........................................................ Thread Forming and Thread Cutting Tapping Screws and B18.6.4-1981(R1997) Metallic Drive Screws (Inch Series) ............................................................. Metric Thread Forming andThread Cutting Tapping Screws ...................................... .B18.6.5 M.l986(R1993) .B18.6.7 M.l985(R1993) Metric Machine Screws ....................................................................... General Purpose Semi-Tubular Rivets, Full Tubular Rivets, Split Rivets and Rivet Caps ................... B18.7-1972(R1992) .B18.7.1 M.l984(R1992) Metric General Purpose Semi-Tubular Rivets .................................................... 818.8.1-1994 Clevis Pins and Cotter Pins (Inch Series) ................................................................. 818.8.2-1995 Taper Pins, Dowel Pins, Straight Pins, Grooved Pins, and Spring Pins (Inch Series) ........................... Coiled Type (Metric Series) ............................................................. B18.8.3M-1995 Spring Pins Spring Pins Slotted (Metric Series) .................................................................. B18.8.4M-1994 818.8.5M-1994 Machine Dowel Pins - Hardened Ground (Metric Series) ................................................ B18.8.6M-1995 Cotter Pins (Metric Series) ............................................................................ B18.8.7M-1994 Headless Clevis Pins (Metric Series) ................................................................... B18.8.8M-1994 Headed Clevis Pins (Metric Series)..................................................................... Grooved Pins (Metric Series).......................................................................... B18.8.9M-1998 Plow Bolts (Inch Series) ................................................................................. .B18. 9.1996 B18.10-1982(R1992) TrackBoltsand Nuts............................................................................. .618.1 1.1961(R1992) Miniature Screws ...............................................................................

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Glossary of Terms for Mechanical Fasteners..................... ................................... B18.12-1962(R1991) Screw and Washer Assemblies Sems (Inch Series) ............ ........................................... Bl8.13-1996 Screw and Washer Assemblies: Sems (Metric Series)............. ...................................... B18.13.1M-1998 ForgedEyebolts .............................................. .................................. ,Bl8.15-1985(R1995) Metric Lifting Eyes ............................................ ........................................ B18.15M-1998 Mechanical and Performance Requirements for Prevailing-Torque TY Pe .B18.16.1 M-l979(R1995) Steel Metric Hex Nuts and Hex Flange Nuts .................................................. Torque-Tension Test Requirements for Prevailing-Torque Type .B18.16.2 M.l979(R1995) Steel Metric Hex Nuts and Hex Flange Nuts ................... ............................... Dimensional Reauirements for Prevailina-Toraue . . .TvDe . Steel Metric Hex Nuts and Hex Flange Nuts .............................................................. B18.16.3M-1998 .B18.18.1 M.l987(R1993) Inspection and Quality Assurance for General Purpose Fasteners ................................. Inspection and Quality Assurance for High-Volume Machine Assembly Fasteners....................B18.18.2 M.l987(R1993) .B18.18.3 M.l987(R1993) Inspection and Quality Assurance for Special Purpose Fasteners.................................. Inspection and Quality Assurance for Fasteners for Highly Specialized Engineered Applications .................................................................... .B18.18.4 M.l987(R1993) Inspection and Quality Assurance Plan Requiring ln-Process Inspection and Controls ...................... B18.18.5M-1998 B18.18.6M-1998 Quality Assurance Plan for Fasteners Produced in a Third Party Accreditation System ..................... Quality Assurance Plan for Fasteners Produced in a Customer Approved Control Plan ..................... B18.18.7M-1998 818.21.1-1994 LockWashers(1nch Series) ............................................................................ B18.21.2M-1994 Lock Washers (Metric Series) ........................................................................ Metric Plain Washers .......................................................................... Bl8.22M-l981(Rl990) B18.22.1-1965(R1998) Plainwashers ................................................................................. Part Identifying Number (PIN) Code System Standard for B18 Externally Bl8.24.1-1996 Threaded Products .................................................................................. Part Identifying Number (PIN) Code System Standard for 818 Internally Threaded Products .................................................................................. B18.24.2-1998 B18.24.3-1998 Part Identifying Number (PIN) Code System Standard for B18 Nonthreaded Products ........................ Square and Rectangular Keys and Keyways ........................................................... 018.25.lM-1996 B18.25.2M-1996 Woodruff Keysand Keyways ........................................................................ Square and Rectangular Keys and Keyways: Width Tolerances and B18.25.3M-1998 Deviations Greater Than Basic Size ................................................................. Helical Coil Screw Thread Inserts (Inch Series) - Free Running and Screw Locking .......................... 818.29.1-1993

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