As NZS 4576-1995 Guidelines for Scaffolding

AS/NZS 4576:1995

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Australian/New Australian /New Zealan Zealand d Standard Guidelines for scaffolding

AS/NZS 4576:1995

This Joint Aus Austral tralian/N ian/New ew Zea Zealan land d Stan Standa dard rd was pre prepar pared ed by Jo Joint int Tec Techni hnical cal Committee BD/36, Scaffolding. It was approved on behalf behalf of the Council Council of Standards Australia on 20 March 1995 and on behalf of the Council of Standards New Zealand on 27 March 1995. 1995. It was published published on 15 June 1995. 1995.

The following int interests erests are repr represen esented ted on Commi Committee ttee BD/36 BD/36::

 .   m   o   c  .    l   a    b   o    l   g    i   a   s  .   e   r   o    t   s   o    f   n    i    /    /   :   p    t    t    h    t   a   n   o    i   s   r   e   v    l    l   u    f   e    h    t   s   s   e   c   c    A  .   e    l   p   m   a   s   e   g   a   p    0    1   e   e   r    f   a   s    i   s    i    h    T

A.C.T. WorkCover Aluminium Development Council, Australia Australian Chamber of Commerce and Industry Australian Aust ralian Institut Institutee of Building S urv urveyo eyors rs Depa epartm rtmen entt of Employ Employme ment nt,, Voc Vocati ation onal al Ed Edu uca catio tion, n, Trainin Training g Relations, Qld Department of Labour, New Zealand Departmen Depa rtmentt of Occupation Occupational al Healt Health, h, Safety and Welfar Welfare, e, W.A W.A.. Health and Safety Organisation, Vic. Master Builders Australia Metal Me tal Trades Industry Industry Assoc Association iation of Australia New Zealand Contractors Federation New Zealand Engineering Federation Tasmania Development and Resources Work Health Authority, N.T. WorkCove Work Coverr Auth Authority ority of N.S.W.

and an d

Indu In dustr strial ial

Review of Standards.

To keep abreast of progress in industry, Joint Australian/New Zealand Standards are subject to periodic review and are kept up to date by the issue of amendments or new editions as necessary. It is important therefore that Standards users use rs ens ensure ure that they are i n possession possession of the latest edition, and any amendments amendments thereto. Full details details of all Joi Joint nt Stan Standa dard rdss an and d rela related ted pu publi blicatio cations ns will be fou found nd in the Standar Stan dards ds Aus Australi traliaa an and d Stan Standar dards ds New Zea Zealan land d Ca Catalo talogue gue of Pub Public licatio ations ns;; thi thiss information is supplemented each month by the magazines ‘The Australian Standard’ and an d ‘Standar ‘Standards ds New Zealand’, Zealand’, whic which h subs subscribin cribing g mem members bers rece receive, ive, and whic which h give detai de tails ls of ne new w pu publ blic icat ation ions, s, ne new w ed edit ition ionss an and d am amen endm dmen ents ts,, and of wit withdr hdraw awn n Standards. Suggestions for improvements improvements to Joint Standards, addressed addressed to t he head office office of ei ther Standards Stand ards Aus Australia tralia or Standa Standards rds New Zealand, Zealand, are welc welcomed omed.. Noti Notification fication of any inaccuracy or ambiguity found in a Joint Australian/New Zealand Standard should be made without delay in order that the matter may be investigated and appropriate action taken.

This Standard was issued in draft form for comment as DR 93025.

AS/NZS 4576:1995

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Australian/New Australian /New Zealan Zealand d Standard Guidelines for scaffolding

PUBLISHED JOINTLY JOINTLY BY: STANDARDS AUSTRA STANDARDS AUSTRALIA LIA 1 T he Crescent, Crescent, Homebush NSW 2140 Australia STANDARDS NEW ZEALAND STANDARDS Levell 10 , Standards Leve Standards Hous House, e, 155 The Terrac Terrace, e, Wellington Wellingto n 6001 New Zealand ISBN 0 7262 9761 5

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AS/NZS 4576:1995

PREFACE This Sta This Stand ndard ard was pr prepa epared red by th thee Jo Join intt Sta Stand ndard ardss Aus Austra trali lia/S a/Sta tand ndard ardss New Zea Zealan land d Committee BD/36 on Scaffolding. Every attempt has been made to ensure that the information in this Standard is compatible with wit h Work Worksafe safe Aus Austral tralia ia’s ’s pu publ blica icatio tions ns Na Natio tiona nall St Stan anda dard rd for Pla Plant  nt  and National Occupationa Occupat ionall Health and Safe Safety ty Certif Certificatio ication n Stand Standard ard for Users and Operators of Industrial  Equipm ent , and with Health and Safety in Employment Act 1992 in New Zealand. Persons using this Standard are advised to familiarize themselves with the specific statutory requirements relating to scaffolding and the certification of scaffolders in New Zealand and in the States and Territories of Australia.  .   m   o   c  .    l   a    b   o    l   g    i   a   s  .   e   r   o    t   s   o    f   n    i    /    /   :   p    t    t    h    t   a   n   o    i   s   r   e   v    l    l   u    f   e    h    t   s   s   e   c   c    A  .   e    l   p   m   a   s   e   g   a   p    0    1   e   e   r    f   a   s    i   s    i    h    T

The ter The terms ms ‘no ‘normat rmativ ive’ e’ and ‘informat ‘informativ ive’ e’ ha have ve bee been n use used d in th this is Sta Stand ndard ard to de defin finee th thee applica app licatio tion n of the app append endix ix to which they app apply ly.. A ‘normative ‘normative’’ appe appendi ndix x is an integral integral part of a Standard, Standard, whe whereas reas an ‘inf ‘informativ ormative’ e’ app append endix ix is only f or information information and guidance guidance..

Copyrightt © Copyrigh

STANDARDS STAND ARDS AUSTRA AUSTRALIA/ LIA/ STAND STANDARDS ARDS NEW ZEALAN ZEALAND D

Users of Standa Standards rds are reminded that copyright subsists in all Standa Standards rds Australia and Standa Standards rds New Zeala Zealand nd publications publications and software. Except where the Copyright Act allows and except where provided for below no publications or software produced by Standards Australia or Standa Standards rds New Zealand may be reproduced, reproduced, stored in a retrieval system system in any form or transm transmitted itted by any means without prior permission permission in writi writing ng from Standa Standards rds Australia Australia or Standa Standards rds New Zealand. Permission Permission may be conditional on an appropriate appropriate royalt royalty y payment payment.. Australian requests for permission and information on commercial software royalties should be directed to the head office of Standards Australia. New Zealand requests should be directed to Standards New Zealand. Up to 10 perc percent ent of the technic technical al content content pag pages es of a Sta Standar ndard d may be cop copied ied for use use exc exclus lusive ively ly in-house in-house by purc purchas hasers ers of the Standard without payment of a royalty or advice to Standards Australia or Standards New Zealand. Inclusion of copyrigh Inclusion copyrightt materi material al in compute computerr softwa software re programs is also permitted permitted without royalt royalty y payment provided such program programss are used exclusively in-house by the creators of the programs. Care should be taken to ensure that that materi material al used is from the current edition edition of the Standa Standard rd and that it is update updated d whenever the Standard is amended or revised. The number and date of the Standard should therefore be clearly identified. The use of material in print form or in computer software programs to be used commercially, with or without payment, or in commercial contracts is subject to the payment of a royalty. This policy may be varied by Standards Australia or Standards New Zealand at any time.

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AS/NZS 4576:1995

CONTENTS Page

SECTION 1 SCOP SECTION SCOPE E AND GENERAL GENERAL 1. 1 SC OP OPE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1. 2 IN CL CLU SI SIO NS NS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1. 3 EX CL CLU SI SIO NS NS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.4 REF EFE ERE REN NCE CED D DOCUM DOCUMEN ENT TS . . 1.5 DEFI EFINIT NITIO IONS NS . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

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SECTION 2 TRAI SECTION TRAINING NING AND COMPE COMPETENCY TENCY 2. 1 GE NE NERA L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2 FURT URTHER HER IN INFORM FORMATI ATION ON FR FROM OM REG REGULAT ULATO ORY AUTH UTHORIT ORITIES IES . . . . . 2.3 SUPE UPERV RVIISI SION ON OF TRA TRAINE INEES ES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.4 TRA RAIININ NING G PRO PROG GRAM RAMS S . . . . . .. . . . . . .. . . . . . . . .. . . . . .. . . . .. . . 2.5 GAIN AINING ING EXPE XPERI RIE ENC NCE E . . . . . .. . . . . . .. . . . . . . . .. . . . . .. . . . .. . . 2.6 REC ECO ORD OF OF TRA TRAINI INING NG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.7 AUSTR USTRAL ALIA IAN N CER CERTIF TIFIC ICATE ATES S OF OF COMPE COMPETE TENC NCY Y . . . . . .. . . . . . .. . . 2.8 NEW ZEAL ZEALAND AND CE CERT RTIFI IFICAT CATES ES OF OF COMPE COMPETE TENCY NCY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

9 9 9 10 10 10 11 11

SECTION 3 TO SECTION TOOLS OLS AND EQUIPME EQUIPMENT NT 3.1 INTR NTROD ODU UCT CTION ION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.2 SCA CAF FFOL FOLD D SP SPANN ANNER ERS S . . . . . .. . . . . . .. . . . . . . . .. . . . . .. . . . . . .. 3.3 PODG ODGER ER HA HAMM MME ERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.4 ADJU DJUSTA STABL BLE E WRE WREN NCH CHES ES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.5 SPIR PIRIT IT LEV EVE ELS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.6 RUL ULE ES AND AND TA TAPE ME MEAS ASU URE RES S . . . . . .. . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . .. . . . . .. 3.7 SCA CAF FFOL FOLD D BE BELT LTS S . . . . . .. . . . . . .. . . . . . . . .. . . . . .. . . . .. . . . . . . 3.8 3. 8 INDU NDUSTR STRIA IAL L SAFET SAFETY Y HELM HELME ETS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3. 9 GL OV OVE S . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.1 .10 0 FOOT OOTWEA WEAR R .......................... . .................. 3.1 .11 1 FIB IBR RE ROPE ROPE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.1 .12 2 WEB EBB BIN ING G SLIN SLINGS GS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

12 12 12 13 13 13 13 13 13 14 14 15

SECTION 4 SITE FOR SECTION FOR ERECTION ERECTION 4.1 INTR NTROD ODU UCT CTION ION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 4.2 PUB UBL LIC PL PLAC ACES ES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 4.3 4. 3 WORK AR AREA EAS S FOR SC SCAFF AFFOL OLDER DERS S . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 SECTION 5 HAZA SECTION HAZARDS RDS 5.1 5. 1 OCC CCU UPAT PATIO IONAL NAL HE HEALT ALTH H AND AND SAFET SAFETY Y . . . . . .. . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . 5.2 EXP XPE ERT AD ADVIC VICE E . . . . . .. . . . . . .. . . . . . . . .. . . . . .. . . . . . .. . . . . . 5.3 IDEN DENTIF TIFIC ICAT ATIION OF HA HAZAR ZARDS DS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.4 5. 4 PROX ROXIMI IMITY TY TO TO POWERL POWERLIN INES ES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.5 5. 5 PROX ROXIMI IMITY TY TO HAZAR HAZARD DOU OUS S PLA PLANT NT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.6 RIS ISK K AS ASSES SESSM SME ENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.7 RIS ISK K CO CONTR NTROL OL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

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SECTION 6 SELE SECTION SELECTI CTION ON 6.1 6. 1 OCC CCU UPAT PATIO IONAL NAL HE HEALT ALTH H AND AND SAFET SAFETY Y . . . . . .. . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . 6. 2 CRI TE TE RI RIA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.3 SUPP UPPOR ORT TIN ING G ST STRU RUCT CTU URE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.4 FITN ITNESS ESS FOR PU PUR RPO POS SE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

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SECTION 7 MA SECTION MATERIA TERIALS LS 7.1 COM OMP PLIA LIANC NCE E WIT WITH STA STANDA NDARD RDS S . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 7.2 7. 2 INSP NSPECT ECTIO ION N OF US USED ED EQ EQUIP UIPME MENT NT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

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SECTION 8 GENE SECTION GENERAL RAL DESIGN DESIGN 8.1 INTR NTROD ODU UCT CTION ION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8. 2 GE NE NERA L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.3 FOUN OUNDAT DATIO IONS NS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8. 4 ST AB ABI LI LIT Y . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8. 5 TY IN ING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8. 6 RI GI GID IT ITY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.7 WOR ORK KING PL PLA ATFO TFORM RMS S . . . . . .. . . . . . .. . . . . . . . .. . . . . .. . . . .. . 8.8 EDGE PR PROT OTE ECT CTIION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.9 ACC CCE ESS AN AND EGR EGRE ESS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.10 8. 10 CONT ONTAIN AINME MENT NT SHEE HEETIN TING G .......................... . ...... 8.1 .11 1 STE TEE EL WIRE WIRE ROP ROPE E (S (SWR WR)) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.1 .12 2 CHA HAIIN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

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SECTION 9 GENERAL CONSTRU SECTION CONSTRUCTION CTION 9.1 9. 1 SELE ELECT CTIION OF OF APP APPROP ROPRI RIATE ATE ME METH THOD OD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.2 9. 2 ORGA RGANIZ NIZIN ING G THE WORK SEQU EQUENC ENCE E........................ . 9.3 ADVE DVERS RSE E WE WEA ATHE THER R......................... ............. 9. 4 PL AT ATF OR ORM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9. 5 GU A RD RD RA RAI LS LS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9. 6 AC CE CES S . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9. 7 WO RK RKI N G A LO LOF T . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.8 SAFE AFETY TY HA HARNE RNESS SS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.9 EQUI QUIPM PME ENT HAND ANDLIN LING G . . . . . .. . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . .. . . . .. . . . . . . 9.1 .10 0 HAND ANDBA BAL LLI LING NG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.1 .11 1 HAND ANDLIN LINES ES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.12 9. 12 TOPP OPPING ING UP STANDA STANDARD RDS S......... ....... ...... ..... ...... . 9.1 .13 3 USE OF GI GIN N WHEE WHEELS LS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.14 9. 14 CANT ANTILE ILEVE VER R BUILDE BUILDERS RS’’ HOISTS HOISTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

45 45 45 45 45 45 46 46 46 46 46 47 47 48

SECTION SECT ION 10 ADDITIONAL REQU REQUIREMENTS IREMENTS FOR FOR SP ECI ECIFIC FIC TYPES OF SCAFFOLD 10. 0.1 1 TRE RES STL TLE E SCAF SCAFF FOL OLDS DS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10. 0.2 2 BRAC ACKE KET T SCA SCAF FFO FOLDS LDS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10. 0.3 3 PREF REFABR ABRIC ICATE ATED D SCAFF SCAFFOLD OLDS S . . . . . .. . . . . . .. . . . . . . . .. . . . . .. . 10. 0.4 4 MOB OBIILE SCA SCAFF FFOLD OLDS S..................... ................. 10. 0.5 5 TUBE UBE-AN -ANDD-COU COUPLE PLER R SC SCA AFF FFOLD OLDS S .......................... . 10. 0.6 6 SPUR SC SCA AFF FFOLD OLDS S . . . . . .. . . . . . .. . . . . . . . .. . . . . .. . . . . . .. . . . . 10. 0.7 7 CANT ANTILE ILEVE VERE RED D SCA SCAFFO FFOLDS LDS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10. 0.8 8 MAST AST-CL -CLIM IMBI BIN NG WORK WORK PLA PLATFO TFORM RMS S . . . . . .. . . . . . .. . . . . . . . .. . 10. 0.9 9 HUNG SC SCAF AFF FOLD OLDS S . . . . . .. . . . . . .. . . . . . . . .. . . . . .. . . . . . .. . . .

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SECTION 11 ADDITIONAL REQU SECTION REQUIREMENTS IREMENTS FOR FOR SU SPENDED SCAFFOLD SCAFFOLDS S 11 .1 .1 EQ UI UIP ME MEN T . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11. 1.2 2 ERE REC CTIO TION, N, ALT ALTER ERIING AND AND DISMA DISMANT NTLIN LING G... ...... ....... .... 11 .3 .3 AC CE CES S . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11. 1.4 4 SUPP UPPOR ORT TIN ING G ST STRU RUCT CTU URE RES S . . . . . .. . . . . . .. . . . . . . . .. . . . . .. . . . 11. 1.5 5 SUSP USPENS ENSIO ION N RI RIG GS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11. 1.6 6 OVER VERHE HEA AD FIXIN FIXINGS GS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11. 1.7 7 TRA RAV VER ERS SIN ING G EQUI EQUIPM PMEN ENT T .......................... . ...... 11. 1.8 8 ROP OPE E TEN TENSIO SION N . . . . . .. . . . . . .. . . . . . . . .. . . . . .. . . . .. . . . . . .. . 11. 1.9 9 ELEC LECTR TRIICA CAL L EQUI QUIPM PMENT ENT AND CO CONTR NTROLS OLS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11. 1.10 10 PNEU NEUMAT MATIC IC EQ EQUI UIPM PME ENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11. 1.11 11 PROT ROTEC ECT TIV IVE E DEVICE DEVICES S .......................... . ......... 11. 1.12 12 LOAD OAD-LI -LIMI MITIN TING G DE DEVIC VICES ES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11. 1.13 13 CRAD ADLE LES S......................... .. .................... 11. 1.14 14 MULT ULTI-T I-TIE IERE RED D CR CRAD ADLES LES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11. 1.15 15 TRA RAIININ NING G .......................... . ................... 11. 1.16 16 NOTI OTIFIC FICAT ATION ION OF USE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11. 1.17 17 SAFE AFETY TY EQ EQUIP UIPME MEN NT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11. 1.18 18 OPER PERAT ATIION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11. 1.19 19 WOR ORK K PR PRAC ACTI TIC CES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11. 1.20 20 WHIL HILE E UNATT UNATTEND ENDED ED . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

71 71 72 72 73 78 78 79 79 80 80 80 80 81 81 81 82 82 82 83

SECTION 12 GENER SECTION GENERAL AL USE 12. 2.1 1 SPEC PECIFI IFIC C TYPES TYPES OF SCA SCAFF FFOLD OLD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 .2 .2 BEF OR OR E U SE SE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12. 2.3 3 HAND ANDOVE OVER R CER ERTI TIF FIC ICA ATE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12. 2.4 4 DURI URING NG USE USE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 .5 .5 AF TE TER U SE SE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

.. . . . . . . . .

84 84 84 85 85

SECTION 13 INSPECTION SECTION INSPECTION,, TESTING AND MAINTENANCE MAINTENANCE 13. 3.1 1 REC ECO ORD KEE KEEPI PING NG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13. 3.2 2 FREQ REQUEN UENCY CY OF INSPEC INSPECTIO TIONS NS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13. 3.3 3 AUST USTRAL RALIA IAN N RE REQU QUIRE IREME MEN NTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13. 3.4 4 NEW ZEAL ZEALAND AND RE REQU QUIRE IREME MEN NTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13. 3.5 5 INSP NSPEC ECT TIO IONS NS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13. 3.6 6 REP EPA AIRS TO ERE ERECT CTE ED SCA CAFFO FFOLD LD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13. 3.7 7 COU OUP PLE LER RS AND AND ACC ACCES ESS SOR ORIIES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13. 3.8 8 SCA CAF FFOL FOLD D TU TUBE BES S......................... . .............. 13. 3.9 9 SCA CAF FFOL FOLD D PL PLANK ANKS S . . . . . .. . . . . . .. . . . . . . . .. . . . . .. . . . .. . . . . 13. 3.10 10 MODU ODULAR LAR SC SCA AFFO FFOLD LDING ING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13. 3.11 11 ACC CCE ESS LA LADDE DDERS RS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13. 3.12 12 SCAF CAFFOL FOLDI DING NG HOIS OISTS TS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13. 3.13 13 PROT ROTEC ECT TIV IVE E DEVICE DEVICES S .......................... . ......... 13. 3.14 14 LOAD OAD-LI -LIMI MITIN TING G DE DEVIC VICES ES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13. 3.15 15 WIRE ROP ROPES ES FOR FOR SCA SCAFFO FFOLD LDING ING HO HOIST ISTS S .....................

86 86 86 87 87 88 88 88 88 89 89 91 92 93 93

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APPENDICES A REFE EFERE REN NCE CED D DOCUM DOCUMENT ENTS S . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95 B GLOS LOSSAR SARY Y OF OF TER TERM MS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98 C SAMP SAMPLE LE QUESTIONS QUESTIONS FOR AUSTRAL AUSTRALIAN IAN EXAM EXAMINATI INATIONS ONS . . . . . . . . . . . 11 113 3 D CO COMM MMON ON BEND BENDS S AND HITC HITCHES HES FOR FIBR FIBRE E ROPE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116 116 E GENE ENERAL RAL LOAD OADING ING IN INFOR FORM MAT ATIO ION N . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 117 7 F INDU NDUSTR STRIA IAL L SAFET SAFETY Y NETS NETS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122 G INSP INSPECT ECTIO ION N OF BELTS BELTS AND AND HARN HARNESS ESSES— ES— CH CHECK ECK LI LIST ST . . . . . . . . . . . . 130 130 H INSP INSPECTIO ECTION N OF SELF-LO SELF-LOCKING CKING ANC ANCHORAGE HORAGES S — CHEC CHECK K LIST . . . . . . . 131 I CANT ANTILE ILEVE VER R BUI BUILDE LDERS RS’’ HOISTS HOISTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 132 J INSP NSPECT ECTIO ION N CHE CHECK CKLIS LIST T . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 134 K REC ECO ORD AND IN INSPE SPECT CTIION SH SHEET EETS S . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 140 0 L AUST AUSTRAL RALIA IAN N TEST TEST FOR TIM TIMBE BER R SC SCAFF AFFOLD OLD PL PLAN ANKS KS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143 FIGURES 3.1 3. 7 3. 11 11 4.3

EXAM XAMPLE PLES S OF COM OMM MONL ONLY Y US USED ED SCAF CAFFO FOLDI LDING NG TO TOOLS OLS . . . . . . . A TY TY PI PIC AL AL S CA CAF FO FOL DE DE R’ R’S BEL T . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . CO MM MMO N W HI HI PP PP IN ING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . TYPI YPICAL CAL EXA XAMPL MPLE E OF WE WELL LL-ST -STACK ACKED ED SCAF CAFFO FOLDI LDING NG EQUI QUIPM PME ENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.4 .4..2 CLE LEA ARAN RANCE CE TO ELEC ELECTR TRIICA CAL L COND CONDUCT UCTOR OR WI WIRES RES . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.3 .3((A) UNSA NSAFE FE FOUN OUNDA DATIO TION N . . . .. . . .. . . . .. . . . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . . 8.3 .3((B) ADEQ DEQUAT UATE E FOUN FOUNDAT DATIO ION N . . . . . . . .. . . . .. . . . . . . . . .. . . . . .. . . 8.3 .3((C) FOUN OUNDAT DATIO IONS NS ON SLOPI SLOPING NG GR GRO OUN UND D . . . .. . . .. . . . .. . . . .. . .. 8.3 .3((D) UNDE NDERM RMIINI NING NG OF SUPP UPPOR ORTIN TING G FOU FOUNDA NDATIO TION N . . . . . .. . . . . . .. . 8. 5 SO ME ME TI TI E A SS SS EM EMBL IE IE S . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.6 TYPI YPICA CAL L TRA RANSV NSVER ERS SE BR BRAC ACIN ING G FO FOR R A SCAF SCAFFOL FOLD D . .. .. .. .. .. 8. 7 UN SA SAF E WO RK RKI NG NG P LA LA TF TF OR O RM S . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.8 .8((A) TYP YPIICA CAL L BRICK CKG GUAR UARDS DS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.8 .8((B) TYPI YPICAL CAL CAN ANTIL TILEVE EVERE RED D CAT CATCH PL PLAT ATFOR FORM M . . . . . .. . . . . . .. . . 8.9 .9((A) TYP YPIICA CAL L MEA EANS NS OF OF AC ACCE CESS SS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.9 .9((B) UNSU NSUITA ITABL BLE E FOR FORMS MS OF LADD LADDER ER ACC CCE ESS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.10 8. 10(A (A)) TY TYPI PICAL CAL LA LAP P DETA DETAILS ILS OF CON CONTAINM TAINMEN ENT T SH SHEET EETING ING . . . . . . . . . 8.10(B) 8.10 (B) TYPICAL FIXING ARRA ARRANGEMENT NGEMENT OF CONTAINMENT CONTAINMENT SHEE HEETI TIN NG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.10(C 8.1 0(C)) TYPI TYPICAL CAL POSITI POSITIONING ONING OF EYELETS EYELETS TO TO SUPPORT SUPPORT CONT ONTAIN AINME MENT NT SHEE HEETIN TING G .......................... . .... 8.11 8. 11(A (A)) A TYPI TYPICAL CAL CON CONSTR STRUC UCTIO TION N OF ST STEE EEL-W L-WIRE IRE RO ROPE PE . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.11 8. 11(B (B)) MEAS EASURI URING NG THE DIAM DIAMET ETER ER OF OF STEELSTEEL-WIRE WIRE ROP ROPE E . . . . . .. . . . . 9. 10 10 HA ND NDB AL ALL IN IN G . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9. 11 11 US E O F A HA HAN D LI LI NE NE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9. 13 GI N W HE HEE L S . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.1 10 .1(A (A)) TYPIICAL SPLIT TYP PLITH HEAD AN AND D TRE TRESTL STLE E SCAFF SCAFFOLD OLDS S . .. .. .. .. .. . . 10.1(B 1(B)) WRON RONG G USE USE OF TR TRE EST STLE LE SCAF SCAFFOL FOLDS DS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.2.5 TYPI YPICAL CAL LAD ADDER DER-B -BR RAC ACKET KET SCAF CAFFO FOLD LD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.3.5 A TYPI TYPICAL CAL ACC ACCESS ESS OPE OPENIN NING G IN A MO MODUL DULAR AR SC SCAF AFFOL FOLD D . .. .. . 10.3 10 .3.6 .6(A) (A) TYP TYPIC ICAL AL MOD MODULA ULAR R SCAFF SCAFFOLD OLDING ING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.3.6(B) 10.3.6 (B) SOME COMMON COMMON LEDGER LEDGER FIXING FIXING DEVICES FOR MODU ODULAR LAR SCA SCAFFO FFOLD LDS S ... ........ ...... ...... .... .......

12 13 14 16 18 29 29 30 31 32 33 35 37 37 39 40 42 42 43 44 44 47 48 49 52 53 54 56 58 58

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10.3.6 10.3 .6(C) (C) 10.3. 3.7 7 10.3.8 10.4 10.5 10.7 10.8 10.9( 9(A A) 10.9 10 .9(B) (B)

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11.1(A 11.1 (A)) 11.1 11 .1(B) (B) 11.5. 5.1 1 11.5 11 .5.6 .6 13.8 13.9(A 9(A)) 13.9(B 9(B)) 13.15 B1 B2 B3 B4 B5 D1 F3( 3(A A) F3 (B (B) F3 (C (C) I1 L1 L2

POSITIONING POSITIO NING LE LEDGE DGERS RS IN A MO MODULAR SC SCAF AFFO FOLD LD . . . . . . . . . . . 59 TYPI YPICA CAL L FRA RAME ME SCA SCAF FFOL FOLDI DING NG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60 TYPI YPICAL CAL TOW OWERER-FRA FRAME ME SCA CAFFO FFOLDI LDING NG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62 TY PI PIC AL AL MO BI BI LE LE S CA CA FF FFO LD LD S . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63 TYPI YPICAL CAL TYP YPES ES OF TU TUBE BE-AN -AND-C D-COU OUPLE PLER R SC SCA AFF FFOLD OLD . . . . . . . . . . 65 TYPI YPICA CAL L CAN ANTIL TILEV EVE ERE RED D SCA SCAFF FFOLD OLD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66 TYPI YPICAL CAL SIN INGLE GLE-M -MA AST ST-CL -CLIM IMB BIN ING G WOR ORK K PLAT LATFO FORM RM . . . . . . . . . 67 EXAM XAMPL PLE ES OF HUNG SC SCAF AFF FOL OLDS DS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69 TYPICAL TYPI CAL DET DETAILS AILS OF HUNG SCAF SCAFFOLDS FOLDS USING CHAI CHAIN N AND RO PE PE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 0 A TYPI TYPICAL CAL DOU DOUBLE BLE-R -ROPE OPE SUS SUSPEN PENDED DED SCAF CAFFO FOLD LD . . . . . . . . . . . . 72 A TYPI TYPICAL CAL TRA TRAVERSI VERSING NG SWIN SWING-STAGE G-STAGE SUSPE SUSPENDED NDED SCA CAF FFOL FOLD D . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73 TYPI YPICA CAL L SUS USPEN PENSIO SION N RI RIGS GS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74 TYPI TY PICAL CAL COU OUNTE NTERWE RWEIG IGHTS HTS FOR COUN OUNTER TERWE WEIGH IGHTED TED NEED EEDLES LES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77 CO MM MMO N D EF EF EC EC TS TS I N SC AF AF FO FOL D T UB U BE S . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89 FAUL AULTS TS IN TI TIMB MBE ER SCAF SCAFFO FOLD LD PL PLANK ANKS S . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90 FAUL AULTS TS IN ME METAL TAL SC SCAF AFFOL FOLD D PL PLANK ANKS S . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91 COM OMM MON DE DEFE FECT CTS S IN SCA CAFFO FFOLDI LDING NG HOIS OIST T WIRE ROP OPES ES . . . . . . 94 TY PI PIC AL AL CO UP UP LE LER S AN D A CC CCE SS SS OR OR IE IES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109 TY PI PIC AL AL AR TI TI CU CUL AT ATE D CRA DL DL E . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111 TY PI PIC A L IN DI DI VI VID UA UAL CRAD LE LE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1 1 MA I N D IM IM E NS IO IO NS NS O F A SC AF FO FOL D . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112 EX AM AMP LE LE O F A N IN D EP EP EN EN DE DEN T S CA CAF FO FOL D . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112 CO MM MMO N BEN DS DS A ND ND HI TC TCH ES ES F OR OR FI BR BRE RO PE PE . . . . . . . . . . . . 116 TYPI YPICA CAL L ARR RRAN ANG GEM EME ENT OF OU OUTR TRIIGG GGED ED OR PER ERIIME MET TER NET NETS S . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 125 5 SI TI TIN G OF OU OU TR TRI GG GG ED ED N ET ETS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128 AT TA TAC HM HMENT O F S AF AF ET ETY NE T U SI SIN G A T IE IE CO CO RD RD . . . . . . . . . . 129 CA NT NTI LE LEV ER ER BU IL IL DE DERS’ HO IS IS T . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133 SI MP MPL Y SU PP PP OR ORTE D PL AN ANK FO FO R J UM UMP T ES ES T . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143 CA NT NTI LE LEV ER ERE D PL AN AN K F OR OR JU JU MP MP T ES ES T . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144

First published as AS/NZS 4576:1995.

8

AS/NZS 4576:1995

STANDARDS AUSTRALIA/STANDARDS NEW ZEALAND Australian/New Zealand Standard Guidelines for scaffolding S E C T I O N 1. 1

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1

S CO P E

A N D

G E N E R A L

S CO CO P E

This Standard Standard gi gives ves pract practical ical gu guida idance nce for the train training ing and certific certificatio ation n of scaffolders, scaffolders, th thee prepa pre parat ratio ion n of sit sites es for sca scaffol ffoldi ding ng,, an and d th thee safe sel select ectio ion, n, sup suppl ply, y, erec erectio tion, n, alt alterat eratio ion, n, dismantling, dismantl ing, maintenan maintenance, ce, inspe inspection ction and use of scaffolding scaffolding and scaffolding equipment. 1.2

INCLU IN CLUSIO SIONS NS

This Standard gives guidance for the general use of scaffolding, including: •

Portable ladders used as access to platforms.

•

Portable tr estle ladders supporting supporting scaffold planks. planks.

•

Ladder bracket scaffolds.

•

Temporary Tempo rary stair stairways, ways, land landin ings, gs, ramps and ot other her acc access ess ways ways..

•

Temporary catc Temporary catch h pl platfor atforms ms incl includ uding ing cov covered ered way ways, s, safety nets and foot footpat path h hoard hoarding ingss (gantries) comprised of scaffolding equipment.

•

Temporarily installed working platforms, including swing stages and boatswain’s chairs.

•

Temporary loading loading platforms and cantilevered cantilevered crane loading loading bays bays..

•

Temporary seating stand stands, s, s tages, lighting lighting towers and camera towers for concerts, sporting events, and so on, subs substantially tantially comprised of scaffolding equipment. equipment.

•

Mast climbing work platforms.

1.3

EXCLU EX CLUSIO SIONS NS

This Standard does not give guidance for: •

Temporarily installed guar guardrails. drails.

•

Portable ladders not used in connection connection with scaffolding. scaffolding.

•

Permanently installed walkways, stairways, ladders, catwalks and the like.

•

Building Build ing maintenan maintenance ce unit units. s.

•

Crane bo boxes, xes, scis scissor sor ho hoists, ists, bo boom-ty om-type pe elev elevatin ating g work platforms platforms (i.e. cherry pick pickers), ers), lifts, and (men and materials) hoists.

•

Falsework, shoring, Falsework, shoring, back back-prop -proppin ping g and any other other frame-work for the support support of floo floors, rs, walls, roofs and structural members of buildings, structures, ships, boats or mines.

1.4 1. 4

REFER REF ERENCED ENCED DOCUM DOCUMENT ENTS S

The documents documents in Appendix Appendix A are referred to in thi thiss Sta Standa ndard. rd. 1.5 1. 5

DEFINIT DEF INITION IONS S

For th For thee pu purpo rpose se of thi thiss Sta Standa ndard rd an and d the sca scaffol ffoldi ding ng in indu dustry stry,, th thee de defin finiti ition onss gi give ven n in Appendix B apply.

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AS/NZS 4576:1995, Guidelines for scaffolding  .   m   o   c  .    l   a    b   o    l   g    i   a   s  .   e   r   o    t   s   o    f   n    i    /    /   :   p    t    t    h    t   a   n   o    i   s   r   e   v    l    l   u    f   e    h    t   s   s   e   c   c    A  .   e    l   p   m   a   s   e   g   a   p    0    1   e   e   r    f   a   s    i   s    i    h    T

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