Articulo Quimica Verde

August 23, 2022 | Author: Anonymous | Category: N/A
Share Embed Donate


Short Description

Download Articulo Quimica Verde...

Description

 

 Tuçghld vfrmf y darhluoturd sjstfkhiof. Tuçghld, U9>99W

TVHGHLD RFYMF X DAYHLVO]VYD \J\]FKHIOF AYFFK LCFGH\]YX DKM \V\]DHKDIOF \V\]DHKDIOF DAYHLVO]VYF

Ohkd Drrhftd D45 Ouhsd B. Ldusho X95 Edrfk G. Ydgjs ^ <

4

Fstumhdktf. ^rjardgd mf Tuçghld. Bdluotdm mf Lhfklhds Idshlds. Vkhvfrshmdm mf Ljrmjid. Ljrrfj Fofltrjkhlj0 OhkhtcddrrhftdNagdho.ljg OhkhtcddrrhftdNagdho.ljg 9

Fstumhdktf. ^rjardgd mf Tuçghld. Bdluotdm mf Lhfklhds Idshlds. Vkhvfrshmdm mf Ljrmjid. Ljrrfj Fofltrjkhlj0 Ouhsdldusho68Nagdho.ljg Ouhsdldusho68Nagdho.ljg <

Fstumhdktf. ^rjardgd mf Tuçghld. Bdluotdm mf Lhfklhds Idshlds. Vkhvfrshmdm mf Ljrmjid. Ljrrfj Fofltrjkhlj0 Efrfkgd99Ncjtgdho.ljg Efrfkgd99Ncjtgdho.ljg

YF\VGFK Ji`ftvj0  Ljkjlf Ljkjlfrr mf gdkfrd gdkfrd gäs mftdoo mftdoodmd dmd fo

tfgd f hkvfsadlhjkfs mf päahkds wfi dljrmf ljk

ljklfptj mf quçghld vfrmf y darhluoturd sjstfkhiof, shfkmj èstf ukj mf ojs tfgds gäs hktfrfsdktfs y dtr trd dl lvj vjss mf od quçg quçghl hld d pdrd pdrd dvdkz vdkzd dr fk od sustfktdihohmdm, y mdr d ljkjlfr tdgihèk uk arupj mf pr prhk hklh lhph phjs js iä iäsh shlj ljss d trdv trdvès ès mf uk kjvf kjvfmj mjsj sj fkbjquf mf od quçghld vfrmf. Gfjmjojaçd0 ^drd od rfdohzdlhük mfo drluoj y mhdpjshvds rfbfrfktf do tfgd quf kjs ljrrfspjkmf, fo ludo fs ‟Tuçghld vfrmf y darhluoturd sjstfkhiof‗ buf prjphlhj rflurrhr d idsfs mf mdtjs mf drluojs rfodlhjkdmjs ljk fo

oj kflfsdrhj pdrd mhlcd hkvfsadlhük, fkbjläkmjsf fk puio puiohl hldl dlhj hjkf kfss qu quf f fx fxpj pjka kadk dk lodr lodrdg dgfk fktf tf od tfgäld y ojs ljklfptjs auçds pdrd od rfdohzdlhük mf kufstrj trdid`j, tfkhfkmj fk lufktd tdgihèk quf qu f od hkbjrg hkbjrgdl dlhük hük sughkh sughkhstr strdmd dmd fk od idsf idsf mf mdtjs tfkad rhajr lhfklj, y, pjr tdktj, afkfrf vhdihohmdm fk ludktj d ojs tfgds gfklhjkdmjs y sus ldgpjs mf dpohldlhjkfs. ^dodirds Lodvf0 Futrjzdlhük, ]rüld.

DI\]YDL] Ji`fltvf0 ]j ekjw hk gjrf mftdho tcf ljklfpt jb  arffk lcfghstry lcfghstry dkm sustdhkd sustdhkdiof iof darhluotur darhluoturf, f, tchs ifhka jkf jb tcf gjst hktfrfska dkm drdlvf tjphls hk lcfghstry tj dmvdklf sustdhkdihohty, dkm dosj tj prfsfkt d arjup jb idshl prhklhpofs tcrjuac d kjvfo arffk lcfghstry lcfghstry dpprjdlc. dpprjdlc. Gfcjmjojay0 Bjr tcf rfdohzdjk jb tcf drlof dkm sohmfs rfbfrrhka tj tcf tjphl tcdt ljrrfspjkms tj us, wchlc hs "Arffk Lcfghs Lcf ghstry try dkm \ustd \ustdhkd hkdiof iof Da Darhl rhluot uoturf urf", ", ht wds wds dppr dpprjp jprh rhdt dtf f tj rfsj rfsjrt rt tj mdtd mdtdid idsf sfss jb drl drlof ofss rf rfod odtf tfm m tj tc tcf f tjph tjphll dkm dkm wf wfi i pdaf pdaf rfsf rfsfdr drlc lc hk dl dllj ljrm rmdk dklf lf whtc whtc wcdt wcdt hs kflf kflfss ssdr dry y bj bjrr sdhm sdhm rfsfdr rfs fdrlc, lc, bjlus bjlushka hka jk puiohl puiohld djks jks tcdt tcdt lofdro lofdroy y fxpjsf tcf tcfgf dkm tcf auhmhka ljklfpts bjr

ldrryhka jut jur wjre, dosj tdehka hktj dlljukt tcdt tcf tcf hk hkbj bjrg rgd djk jk pr prjv jvhm hmfm fm hk tc tcf f md mdtd tdid idsf sf cds cds slhfkl rhajr, dkm, tcfrfbjrf, afkfrdtfs vhdihohty hk tfrgs jb tcf tjphls. Gfkjkfm dkm tcfhr foms jb  dppohldjks.

Efywjrms0 Futrjpchldj Futrjpchldjk, k, ]rjpchl. HK]YJMVLLHÜK Fk fstd hkvfsadlhük sf iusld lrfdr uk rdghooftf mf hmfds f hkbjrgdlhük fk tdktj ljgj fs ‟od Tuçghld vfrmf y darhluotur darhluoturd d sjstfkhio sjstfkhiof‗ f‗ fkbjläkm fkbjläkmjkjs jkjs fk què qu è ljkshs ljkshstfk tfk,, su dpohld dpohldlhj lhjkfs kfs fk od dltudo dltudohmd hmdm, m, dkäohshs y rfsuotdmjs, od gftjmjojaçd quf sf fkf |4

 

Vkhvfrshmdm mf Lürmjid.

fk lufktd fk fstäs tdktj fk od cugdkhmdm y fo

sfau sfauhr hr

hk hkvf vfs sad adkm kmj j

gfmhj dgihfk dgihfktf, tf, su ardk ardk hgpjrtdkl hgpjrtdklhd hd y doaukjs doaukjs

dgih dg ihfk fktd tdofs ofs fk uk rd rdka kaj j mf fs fsld ldod odss fs fspd pdlh lhdo do y

prhklhphjs pdrd ljksfauhr sus ji`fvjs.

tfgp tfgpjr jrdo do,, tf tfkh khfk fkmj mj fk lu lufk fktd td fo lhlo lhloj j mf vh vhmd md

Mfsmf cdlf doaukjs dôjs, cdstd cjy fk mçd fxhstf

lj ljgpo gpoftj ftj mf ojs prjmul prjmultjs tjs,, mfsdrr mfsdrrjoo joodr dr kufvds kufvds

uk fkjrgf mftfrhjrj mfo gfmhj dgihfktf quf cd

gftj gf tjmj mjoj ojaç açds ds

afkfrdmj od kflfshmdm mf iusldr dotfrkdvds quf

sfpdrdlhük mf ljktdghkdktfs, gfldkhsgjs mf ojs

ljkmuzld ljkm uzldk k d od sjstfkhiho sjstfkhihohmdm hmdm dgihfktdo. dgihfktdo. Vkd mf

ldgihjs bjtjquçghljs y ojs mf tjxhlhmdm, hgpuosdr

fstds cfrrdghfktds fs od ‟quçghld vfrmf‗, od ludo fs ukd kufvd y rfvjoulhjkdrhd bjrgd mf fkbjldr od

ods ods bu bufk fktf tfss rf rfkj kjvd vdio iofs fs mf gdtf gdtfrh rhds ds prh rhgd gds, s, dmfodktdr fstumhjs fk fo ldgpj mf od ihjgdsd, y fk

sçktfshs mf kufvds sustdklhds quçghlds quf fkf

od rfuohzdlhük mf rfshmujs mf ods ldtäohshs fk ods

ljgj ljg j ji`fv ji`fvj j cd cdlfr lfr ukd quçgh quçghld ld gäs dghad dghadiof iof

lèouods sjodrfs bjtjvjotdhlds. b jtjvjotdhlds.

ljk od sdoum y fo gfmhj dgihfktf. Od hmfd iäshld

Ldif rfsdotdr tdgihèk quf od darhluoturd fs ukd mf

lj ljks kshs hstf tf fk hk hktr trjm jmul ulhr hr fk od bdsf bdsf mf mhs hsfô fôj j y

ods dlvhmdm dlvhmdmfs fs prjmulv prjmulvds ds gäs hgpjrtdk hgpjrtdktfs tfs mfo

mfsd mfsdrr rrjo jooj oj mf ku kufv fvds ds sust sustdk dklh lhds ds,, prjm prjmul ultj tjss j

gukmj, adrdkzd od sfaurhmdm dohgfktdrhd mf ojs

gdtfrhdofs prfvhshjkfs sjirf su pjtfklhdo hgpdltj

cdihtdktfs mfo podkftd y prjvff fo sustfktj mfo 26%

fk od sdou sdoum m y fo gfmh gfmhj j dgih dgihfk fktf tf y mfsd mfsdrr rrjo jood odrr

mf ods pfrsjkds ljk id`js hkarfsjs d khvfo gukmhdo.

dotfrkdvds quf ghkhghlfk mhlcj hgpdltj.

^drd fo dôj 9>6>, od pjiodlhük gukmhdo dugfktdrä

Od hgpofgfktdlhük mf od quçghld vfrmf fkmf d rfmul rfm ulhr hr y fohghk fohghkdr dr sustd sustdklh klhds ds pfohar pfoharjsd jsdss pdrd pdrd fo

uk 9>-< 9>-% >% y od prjm prjmul ullh lhük ük darç darçlj ljod od mfi fifr frä ä hklrfgfktdrsf fk uk 2>%. D pfsdr mf ods ijkmdmfs

gfmh gf mhj j dgih dgihfk fktf tf y od sdou sdoum m mfsm mfsmf f od hkmu hkmust strh rhd d

pdrd fo mfsdrrjooj mfsdrrjooj sjlhjfljkü sjlhjfljküghlj ghlj quf jbrflf jbrflf od

quçg quçghl hld. d. Fk fs fstf tf sfk sfkmj mj,, sf cdk cdk prjp prjpuf ufst stj j

darhl darhluot uoturd urd,, su präll prälld d trdmhl trdmhlhjk hjkdo do cd afkfrd afkfrdmj mj

prällds präl lds mfskdmd mfskdmdss d bdvjrflfr bdvjrflfr od sjstfkhih sjstfkhihohmdm ohmdm

ardvfs ard vfs hgpdl hgpdltjs tjs dgihfk dgihfktd tdofs ofs d ojs sfrvhl sfrvhlhjs hjs flj

mfo mfo ^o ^odk dkft ftd, d, gfm gfmhdkt hdktf f od lj ljks ksfr frvd vdlh lhük ük y usj usj

shstèghljs irhkmdmjs pjr fo daud, fo sufoj y fo dhrf,

rdlhjkdo mf ihfkfs y sfrvhlhjs gfmhj dgihfktdofs,

fktrf ojs quf sf mfstdldk, od sjirffxpojtdlhük mfo

dsç ljgj od podkhldlhük y dmghkhstrdlhük flhfktf

daud, dau d, od futrjzdlh futrjzdlhük ük pjr ljktdghkd ljktdghkdlhük lhük mhbusd, mhbusd,

mf oj ojss rf rfllurs rsj js kdt kdturdof rdofss pjr pdrtf rtf mf ods ods

hktr hktrjm jmul ullh lhük ük

dutjrhmdmfs ljgpftfktfs, tfkhfkmj fk lufktd trfs

fgfrafktfs do daud y od ldmfkd trüld, frjshük mfo

dspfltjs bukmdgfktdofs0 fo dgihfktf, od fljkjgçd

sufoj, mfbjrfstdlhük f hklrfgfktj mf ods fghshjkfs

y od sjlh sjlhfm fmdm dm,, y pj pjrr sfr sfr fs fstj tjs, s, ods ods idsf idsfss mf od

mf adsfs mf fbfltj hkvfrkdmfrj.

sjstfkhihohmdm y dpohldihohmdm mf ojs prhklhphjs mf od

Kj jistdk jistdktf, tf, od darhl darhluot uoturd urd sfauhr sfauhrä ä shfkmj shfkmj ukd

quçghld vfrmf.

dl dlv vhm hmdm dm bu bukm kmdg dgfk fktd tdoo

Fk od dltudohmdm, sf fklufktrdk fklufktrdk gulcjs fstumhjs fstumhjs

mfsdrrjooj sjlhjfljküghlj d khvfo aojido, gjvj

fk oj ojss lu ludo dofs fs sf uoh uohzd zd od quçg quçghl hld d vfrm vfrmf f pdrd pdrd

pjr fo ludo, fs kflfsdrhj uk ldgihj mf pdrdmhagd

rf rfmu mulh lhrr fo hg hgpd pdlt ltj j dgih dgihfk fktd tdoo mf oj ojss rfsh rfshmu mujs js

cdlhd ukd darhluoturd sjstfkhiof quf adrdklf od

hkmustrhdofs y ojardr uk gdkf`j dmfludmj mf ojs

sfaurh sfa urhmdm mdm doh dohgfk gfktdr tdrhd hd gukmhd gukmhdoo y fo lrflhg lrflhghfk hfktj tj

rflursjs dgihfktdofs. \hk fgidraj, sjk gulcjs ojs

fljküghlj, ghadkmj mf gdkfrd ljkshmfrdiof ojs

rftjs pfkmhfktfs d ojs ludofs

hgp hgpdltjs ltjs

mfifgjs mdr rfspufstd, y pjr oj tdktj fs kflfsdrhj

darhluoturd trdmhlhjkdo.

mf

mf

sjir sjirf f

ods ods

mftf mftfll llhü hük, k,

pdtü pd tüaf afkj kjss

dgihf gihfk ktd tdof ofss

pdrd pdrd

hk hktf tfrd rdll llhj hjkf kfss

hm hmfk fk ld ldlh lhük ük

y

y

lj ljkt ktdg dghk hkdk dktf tfss

fo ih ihfk fkfs fstd tdr, r,

jld jldsh shjk jkd dmjs

pjr pjr

fo

od

 

 Tuçghld vfrmf y darhluoturd sjstfkhiof. Tuçghld, U9>99W

GF]JMJOJAÇD ^d ^drd rd od rfdo rfdohz hzdl dlhü hük k mf mfoo drl drluo uoj j y mhdp mhdpjs jsh hvd vdss rfbfrfktf do tfgd quf kjs ljrrfspjkmf, fo ludo fs ‟Tuç ‟T uçgh ghld ld vf vfrm rmf f y da darhl rhluo uotu turd rd sjst sjstfk fkhi hiof‗ of‗ buf buf prjp prjphl hlhj hj rflu rflurr rrhr hr d id idsf sfss mf mdtj mdtjss mf drl drluo uojs js rf rfod odlh lhjk jkdm dmjs js lj ljk k fo tfgd tfgd f hkvf hkvfs sad adlh lhjk jkfs fs mf päahkds wfi dljrmf ljk oj kflfsdrhj pdrd mhlcd hkvfsad hkvfs adlhük, lhük, fkbjläkmj fkbjläkmjsf sf fk puiohldl puiohldlhjkfs hjkfs quf

d oj ojss tfgd fgds gfk gfklhj hjk kdmjs mjs y su suss ldg ldgpj pjss mf dpohldlhjkfs. Vkd vfz sf jituvhfrjk ods rfbfrfklhds mf ods idsfs mf mdtjs mdtjs dkdoh dkdohzdm zdmds, ds, fk ods ludofs ludofs sf fkbjlü fkbjlü fo prfsfktf trdid`j, sf rfdohzü uk fstumhj mf ldmd ukd mf fstds bufktfs ihiohjarälds, mf fstd gdkfrd sf pumj tjgdr ods rfbfrfklhds kflfsdrhds dlfrld mf ojs o js

fxpjkadk lodrdgfktf od tfgäld y ojs ljklfptjs auçd auçdss pdrd pdrd od rfdo rfdohz hzdl dlhü hük k mf kufs kufstr trj j trdi trdid` d`j, j, tfkhfk tfk hfkmj mj fk lufkt lufktd d td tdgih gihèk èk quf od hkbjrgd hkbjrgdlhü lhük k sugh sughkh khst strd rdmd md fk od id idsf sf mf mdtj mdtjss tfka tfkad d rh rhaj ajrr lhfklj, y, pjr tdktj, afkfrf vhdihohmdm fk ludktj

pdrägftrjs quf tuvhfrjk fk lufktd ods gftjmjojaçds fgpofdmds, fo mfsdrrjooj y dkäohshs mf oj ojss ghs hsg gjs5 js5 tdgih gihèk sf tu tuvj vj fk lufk fkttd od odss rfa faod odgf gfkt ktd dlhj lhjkfs, kfs, mfl flrf rftj tjs, s, rf rfsj sjou oulh lhjk jkfs fs kflfsd kfl fsdrhd rhdss fghm fghmds ds pj pjrr pd pdrtf rtf mfo ghkhst ghkhstfrh frhj j mf dgihfktf y mfsdrrjooj sjstfkhiof.

YF\VO]DMJ\ X DKDOH\H\ Fk od präl rälld ld,, od quçghl çghld d vfr frmf mf sf podk odktfü tfü

hkvfrsd, ods gfgirdkds y od mfsodlhük, tflkjojaçds

dmfo dmfodk dktd tdrr kj kjvf vfmj mjsd sdss gj gjmd mdohm ohmdm dmfs fs mf dl dllh lhük ük rfspfltj mf od prjmullhük mf sustdklhds quçghlds

quf quf kj sjk sjk id idrd rdtd tdss kh dsfq dsfquh uhio iofs fs pd pdrd rd tjmj tjmj fo gukmj. Fk tdo sfkmj, kufvjs shstfgds idsdmjs fk

fgpofd fgp ofdkmj kmj od ldtäoh ldtäohshs shs ljgj ljgj pho phodr dr bukmdg bukmdgfkt fktdo. do.

gètjmj gèt jmjss quf uohzd uohzdk k ldtdoh ldtdohzdm zdmjrf jrfss y gdtfrh gdtfrhdof dofss

Ldif Ldif rfsd rfsdot otdr dr quf quf fs iäsh iäshlj lj fo mfsd mfsdrr rrjo jooj oj mf

mhsfôd mhs fôdmjs mjs sjirf sjirf prhkl prhklhphj hphjss mf od kd kdkj kj quçghl quçghld d

sust sustdk dklh lhds ds qu quçg çghl hljs js sfau sfaurd rdss quf quf lu lugp gpod odk k su

pufmfk tfkfr èxhtj fk od purhldlhük mf dufktfs,

buklhük shk ldusdr rhfsajs d od sdoum j do dgihfktf,

mfsdoh mfs dohkhz khzdl dlhük hük y purhl purhldlh dlhük ük mf daud daud ljk id`js id`js

y fk luyd gdkubdlturd sf mhsghkuydk ods fghshjkfs

ljstjs ljst js fkfraèljs fkfraèljs y gdyjr gdyjr dllfshiho dllfshihohmdm hmdm pdrd od

uohzdkmj uohz dkmj fkfraçds dotfrkd dotfrkdvds vds ljgj od fkfraçd fkfraçd

pjiodlhük.

sjodr, od füohld j od ihjgdsd.

Od quçghld vfrmf tdgihèk pufmf ljktrhiuhr ljk od

Bhkd Bhkdog ogfk fkttf sf mfi mfif cdl cdlfr uk fs fsbu bufr frzj zj pjr

mhsg mhsghk hkul ulhü hük k mf od pjir pjirfz fzd d mf vd vdrh rhds ds gdkf gdkfrd rds, s,

mfsdrrjoodr kufvjs gètjmjs mf dkäohshs y jpgdr ojs ojs fx fxhs hstf tfkt ktfs fs d k mf lj ljkt ktrj rjod odrr ods ods fghs fghshj hjkf kfss

mhsfôdkmj mhsfôd kmj prjlfs prjlfsjs js mf prjmul prjmullhü lhük k mf ihfkfs ihfkfs y sfrvhlhj hlhjss flhfktfs, uohzd hzdkmj fkfraçd çdss

tüxh tüxhld ldss hk hkmu must strh rhdo dofs fs,, dsç dsç lj ljgj gj lj ljkt ktdr dr lj ljk k oj ojss

dotfrkdvds, flj hkkjvdlhük j mhsfôj ihjhksphrdmj

gf`j gf `jrf rfss hk hkmh mhld ldmj mjrf rfss quf quf pfrg pfrght htdk dk tjgd tjgdrr oj ojss

sjirf sji rf ojs pr prhkl hklhph hphjs js mf od ihjghg ihjghgèl èlj j Fo sfltj sfltjrr

ljrrflvjs mjkmf sfd kflfsdrhj.

pufmf pufm f tdgihèk tdgihèk ljktrhiuh ljktrhiuhrr ljklrftdg ljklrftdgfktf fktf ljk od

Ojs Ojs quçghl quçghljs js cd cdk k dmfodk dmfodktd tdmj mj vd vdrhd rhdss bjrgds bjrgds mf purhl pur hldr dr fo daud daud,, pjr f`fgpoj, f`fgpoj, ljgj ljgj od jsgjsh jsgjshss

mhstrhiulhük mf gfmhldgfktjs, rjpd y dohgfktjs, fspflhdogfktf fk pdçsfs fk vçds mf mfsdrrjooj quf rfquhfrfk ukd dyumd pdrluodr y uk hgpuosj.

|<

 

Vkhvfrshmdm mf Lürmjid.

TVHGHLD RFYMF ^drd fktfkmfr od hgpjrtdklhd mf od quçghld vfrmf

pdrd fvhtdr pdsjs fxtrds y rfmulhr ojs mfsflcjs.

fk fo ljktfxtj mfo mfsdrrjooj sjstfkhiof mfifgjs

8. 

ljgfkzdr pjr sfôdodr quf sf trdtd mf uk kjvfmjsj fkbjquf quf fkf ljgj idsf ojs mjlf prhklhphjs mf od quçghld vfrmf0 4. ^rfvfkhr od lrfdlhük mf rfshmujs. Yfsuotd gäs ðo fvhtdr fvht dr j rfmulh rfmulhrr od prjmul prjmullhü lhük k mf mfsflc mfsflcjs js quf quf trdtdrojs j ohgphdrojs trds su bjrgdlhük.

Voh Vohzd zdrr

ld ldtd tdoh ohzd zdmj mjrf rfs. s.

Mfif Mfif

fgpo fgpofd fdrs rsf f

ld ldtd tdohz ohzdm dmjr jrfs fs oj gäs gäs sfofl sfoflv vjs js y rf rfu uoh ohzd zdio iofs fs pjshiofs.

4>. Mhsfôdr Mhsfôdr prjmultj prjmultjss bälhogfkt bälhogfktf f mfardmdio mfardmdiofs fs do kdo mf su vhmd ðo. Ojs prjmultjs quçghljs cdk mf sfr mhsfôdmjs mf tdo gdkfrd quf do luoghkdr su bukl buklhü hük k kj pfrs pfrshs hstd tdk k fk fo dgih dgihfk fktf tf y pu pufm fmdk dk

9.  Gdxhghzdr Gdxhghzdr od fljkjgçd fljkjgçd dtüghld. Ojs gètjmjs gètjmjs

mfardmdrsf d mfrhvdmjs hkfrtfs j ihjmfardmdiofs.

shktè shk tèljs ljs mfifk mfifk gdxhgh gdxhghzdr zdr od hkljrp hkljrpjrd jrdlhü lhük k mf

44. Gjkhtjrfdr ojs prjlfsjs quçghljs fk fgpj

ldmd gdtfrhdo uohzdmj fk fo prjlfsj.

rfdoo pdrd rfd pdrd fvhtdr fvhtdr od lj ljktd ktdghk ghkdl dlhük hük.. Mfif Mfif lrfdrs lrfdrsf f

99W

Dklhp Dkl hpdr drsf sf d oj ojss ld ldgi gihj hjs0 s0 rflj rfljkj kjlf lfr, r, dlfptdr, podkhldr y dltudr fk ljksflufklhd. Yfljkjlfr f hmfkldr rflursjs y ohghtdlhjkfs0 lrfdr fstrdtfahds pdrd uohzdr ojs rflursjs y supfrdr ods ohghtdlhjkfs. Gdxhghzdr od ldohmdm fk tjmds ods ftdpds mf











od dlvhmdm darçljod, kj ljkbjrgdrsf ljk prjmultjs j sfrvhlhjs mf ldohmdm suiüpgd. ]fkfr fk lufktd quf ods ardk`ds sjstfkhiofs sjk dktf tjmj y prhklhpdogfktf kfajlhjs, fk ojs ludofs lud ofs fo ifkfl ifkflhj hj jitfkh jitfkhmj mj sf pufmf pufmf rfhkvf rfhkvfrr rr hktfrkdgfktf j pdrd jtrjs kfs sjlhdofs u jtrds gftds dgihfktdofs. Dsughr Dsug hr ojs rhfsajs kflfsdrhj kflfsdrhjs, s, hklurrhr hklurrhr fk mfu mfumds mds dsugh sughio iofs fs f hkvf hkvfrrr ljks jkshmfr hmfrd dkmj jpjrtu jpj rtukhm khmdm dmfs fs y mhluo mhluotdm tdmfs, fs, tdktj tdktj fk fo gfmhj gfmhj ljgj fk fo odraj podzj.

OJ\ ^D OJ\ ^D\J \J\\ F\FK F\FKLH LHDO DOF\ F\ ^D ^DYD YD LJ LJK\ K\FA FAVH VHY Y OD DAYHLVO]VYD \J\]FKHIOF \JK0

Hktfardr ojs prjlfsjs ihjoüahljs y fljoüahlj fljo üahljs, s, ljgj lhlojs mf kutrhlhük, kutrhlhük, `dlhük mf khtr khtrüa üafk fkj, j, rf rfaf afkf kfrd rdlh lhük ük mf mfoo sufoj sufoj,, do dofo fojp jpd dd, d, ljgpflh ljgp flhük, ük, mfprfmdl mfprfmdlhük hük y pdrdshsg pdrdshsgj, j, ljk ojs prjlfsjs mf prjmullhük mf dohgfktjs. Ghkhghz hzd dr fo usj mf ojs gètjmjs kj









rfkjvdiofs quf ldusdk hgpdltj kfadvj fk fo gfmh gfmhj j dgih dgihfk fktf tf,, fk od sdou sdoum m mf oj ojss darh darhlu luot otjr jrfs fs y mf oj ojss lj ljks ksug ughm hmjr jrfs fs mf dohgfktjs. Dprjvflcd Dprj vflcdrr fo ljkjlhghfk ljkjlhghfktj tj y cdihohmdm cdihohmdmfs fs mf ojs darhl darhluot uotjrf jrfs, s, rfbjrz rfbjrzdk dkmj mj su ldphtd ldphtdoo cugd ugdkj y su hk hkm mfp fpfk fkmf mfk klhd br brfk fktf tf d tfrl tfrlfr frjs js,, fv fvht htdk dkmj mj mf fs fstf tf gjmj gjmj td tdofs ofs ljstfs. Dprjvf Dpr jvflcd lcdrr od ldpdlh ldpdlhmdm mdm mf ods pfrsjk pfrsjkds ds pdrd trdid`d `drr `uktds y rfsjovfr oj ojss prjiofgds ljgukfs mf od darhluoturd y mf ojs rflursjs kdturdofs, ljgj pjr f`fgpoj podads, dlfquhds, rhfaj, ftl.

LJKLOV\HJK luovdr j ljgprdr ojs dohgfktjs pdrd suishsr y sj sjst stfk fkhi hiof of

tfkf tfkfrr iufk iufkd d sdou sdoum, m, tj tjmj mj oj lu ludo do du dugf gfkt ktd d od

hgpj hgpjrt rtd dktfs ktfs

rfshohfklhd mf ojs hkmhvhmujs, ods ljgukhmdmfs y ojs

pdrdmhagds mf od gjmfrkhmdm, pufs yd quf podktfd

shstfgds. ^jr jtrd pdrtf, od darhluoturd sjstfkhiof

dotfrkdvds gftjmjoüahlds pdrd fkbrfktdr od ardvf

pfrshauf pfrs hauf hkljrpjrd hkljrpjrdrr mf gdkfrd gdkfrd ardmudo ardmudo shstfgds shstfgds

lrhshs dgihfktdo. Mfsmf fo ärfd mf od quçghld, od

darçl darçljod jodss mf id`j id`j ljksug ljksugj j fkfraè fkfraèlj lj ljk id id`j `j

quçghld vfrmf sf oofvd d od prälld ojs lrhtfrhjs mf

lj ljksu ksugj gj mf darjq darjquçg uçghlj hljss y su sustu sustulhü lhük k pjr

od

kufvd ku fvdss gftjmj gftjmjoja ojaçds çds dgihfk dgihfktdo tdogfk gfktf tf vhdiof vhdiofss f

Ldif

rfs fsd dot otd dr

lj ljk kstu stuyf yf,,

d

quf ukj ukj

sjst sjstfk fkhi hiho hohm hmdm dm,,

fo mf

ojs ojs

mfs mfsdrrj rrjooj ooj oj ojss

lu ludo dofs fs

gäs gäs

sf

gdkh gdkhf fst stdk dk

fspflhdogfktf fk sus mjlf prhklhphjs. Od quçghld

hkjluds pdrd od sdoum cugdkd

vfrmf pufmf cdlfr hgpjrtdktfs ljktrhiulhjkfs fk

Fo rftj prhklhpdo mf od quçghld vfrmf fs fohghkdr

fo tfgd mfo gdkf`j mf ojs rflursjs kdturdofs, od

ar ardm dmud udog ogfk fktf tf

pjir pjirfz fzd, d, od sdou sdoum m y od dohg dohgfk fktd tdlh lhük ük.. Jtrd Jtrd ärfd ärfd

pfoharjsjs j kjlhvjs, y sustuhrojs pjr jtrjs gfkjs

lrulhdo

od

tüxhljs y gäs sfaurjs. \hk fgidraj, fstf prjlfsj

sjst sjstfk fkhi hiho hohm hmdm dm sf fk fklu lufk fktr trd d fk od da darh rhlu luot otur urd d

mfif sfr hgpuosdmj ljk mfsdrrjoojs lhfkljs j

sjstfkhiof, quf fkbjld fsbufrzjs fk od rfmullhük mf od pjirfzd pfrghfkmj quf ods pfrsjkds pufmdk

tflk tflkjo joüa üahl hljs js y po podk dktf tfdg dghf hfkt ktjs js mf ld ldrä rält ltfr fr ofahso ofa hsodv dvj. j. \u dpohl dpohldl dlhük hük fk fo sfltj sfltjrr hkmust hkmustrhd rhdo, o,

mf

dllhük

mf

ojs

prhklhphjs

mf

od

afkf afkfrd rdlh lhük ük

mf

gdtf gdtfrh rhdo dofs fs

|6

 

Vkhvfrshmdm mf Lürmjid.

auifr uifrkd kdg gfk fkttdo

y

dld ldm mèghl èghlj, j,

cd

afk fkfr frd dmj

od sjstfkhihohmdm quf dukquf ljkoofvd d uk ljstf

gðop gðo pofs ofs ifkfl ifkflhjs hjs dgihfk dgihfktdo tdofs, fs, fljküg fljküghlj hljss y

fljküghlj d ljrtj podzj, su ifkflhj d gfmhj y

sjlhdofs, pjr oj ludo od sjlhfmdm mfif mdr d ljkjlfr

odraj podzj fs guy dusphlhjsj.

y ljgprfkmfr od dpohldlhük mf gfmhmds d bdvjr mf

YFBFYFKLHD\ 4. Adrlçd O. (9>>8). (9>>8). Ihjtflkjojaçd pdrd pdrd ukd quçghld

lcdoo oof fkafs

vf vfrm rmf, f, rfsp rfspft ftuj ujsd sd lj ljk k fo gfmh gfmhj j dgih dgihfk fktf tf,, Fk Fk00

gdkub gd kubdlt dlturh urhka. ka. Fk0 @. Lofdk Lofdkfr fr ^rjm., ^rjm., Rjo.42 Rjo.42,, pp.

Yf Yfvh vhst std d

1=.

mf

^rfk ^rfksd sd ]rh rhiu iukd kd Ohirf hirf,,

Fk Fk00

cp0

//www.dogfkmrjk.ljg/trhiukd/9=646/ihjtflkjoj ahd-pd ahd -pdrdrd-ukd ukd-qu -quhgh hghldld-vfr vfrmf/ mf/,,

Ljksuo Ljksuotd tdmd md

fo 4>

Bfirfrj mfo 9>4>. 9.

Ehrlc Ehrlccj cj G. (9>>6). (9>>6). ^rjgjka ^rjgjka sustdhk sustdhkdihoht dihohty y

tcrjua tcr juac c arffk arffk lcfghs lcfghstry try.. Fk0 Yfsjur Yfsjur.. Ljksf Ljksfrv. rv. Yfly., Rjo.==, pp. 93 (9>>3). ). Brjkfrs hk Arffk Lcfghstry0 gffka tcf ardkm

bjr

sustdhk hkd dihoht ohty

hk

Y&M

dkm

=. Rdrads F., y Yuhz O. (9>>1). (9>>1). Tuçghld Rfrmf Rfrmf fk fo shaoj SSH0 Tuçghld Rfrmf, Vkd Tuçghld Ohgphd. Fk0 Yfvhstd Luidkd mf Tuçghld, Rjo. SHR, pp. 98-44). ^dpfo mf od Tuçghld Tuçghld y su fksfôdkzd fk od ljkstrullhük mf uk buturj sjstfkhiof. Fk0 Fmul. quçg. Rfrshük mhahtdo, pp. 44=.

View more...

Comments

Copyright ©2017 KUPDF Inc.
SUPPORT KUPDF