Arnold Wesker

ARNOLD WESKE R (1932-ALIVE) Sir Arnold Wesker (born 24 May 1932) is a prolific British dramatist known for his contributions to kitchen sink drama. He is the author of 42 plays, 4 volumes of short stories, 2 volumes of essays, a book on journalism, a children's book, extensive journalism, poetry and other assorted writings. His plays have been translated into 17 languages and performed worldwide.

Life and career Wesker was born in Stepney, London, the son of Leah (née Perlmutter), a cook, and Joseph Wesker, a tailor's machinist.He was delivered by the father of Oliver Sacks. His early plays Roots, The Kitchen, and Their Very Own and Golden City were staged by The English Stage Company at the Royal Court Theatre under the management of George Devine and later William Gaskill. His inspiration for The Kitchen came when he was working at the Bell Hotel in Norwich. It was while working here that he also met his future wife Dusty. Roots is also set in Norfolk. He founded the Roundhouse's first theatre, called Centre 42, in 1964. Wesker's play The Merchant (a play which he also called "Shylock") tells the plot of Shakespeare's The Merchant of Venice from Shylock's point of view. In this retelling, Shylock and Antonio are fast friends bound by a mutual love of books and culture and a disdain for the crass anti-Semitism of the Christian community's laws. They make the bond in defiant mockery of the Christian establishment, never anticipating that the bond might become forfeit. When it does, the play argues, Shylock must carry through on the letter of the law or jeopardize the scant legal security of the entire Jewish community. He is, therefore, quite as grateful as Antonio when Portia, as in Shakespeare's play, shows the legal way out. The play received its American premiere on November 16, 1977 at New York's Plymouth Theatre with Joseph Leon as Shylock, Marian Seldes as Shylock's sister Rivka and Roberta Maxwell as Portia. This production had a challenging history in previews on the road, culminating (after the first night out of town in Philadelphia on September 8 1977) with the death of the larger-than-life Broadway star Zero Mostel, who was initially cast as Shylock. Wesker wrote a book chronicling the entire process from initial submissions and rejections of the play through to rehearsals, Zero's death, and the disappointment of the critical reception for the Broadway opening called "The Birth of Shylock and the Death of Zero Mostel." The book reveals much about this playwright's relationship to director John Dexter (who had been the earliest, near-familial interpreter

of Wesker's works), to criticism, to casting, and to the ephemeral process of collaboration through which the text of any play must pass. In 2005, he published his first novel, Honey, which recounted the experiences of Beatie Bryant, the heroine of his earlier play Roots. The novel was noticeable for its divergences from chronology. Roots was set in the early 1960s and Beatie is 22, in Honey she has only aged 3 years yet the action has been transplanted into the 1980s. Other oddities are that the timeframe includes the Rushdie affair and John Major's fall as recent events and yet the action is concerned with the dotcom boom. He was knighted in the 2006 New Year's Honours list. He was the castaway on Desert Island Discs, BBC Radio 4 on Sunday 17 December, 2006. In 2008 Arnold Wesker published his first collection of poetry, All Things Tire of Themselves (Flambard Press). The collection dates back many years and represents what he considers his best and most characteristic poems. He is a member of the editorial advisory board of Jewish Renaissance magazine.

Politics Many of Wesker's plays had underlying political themes, and Wesker himself was open about his admiration of the working class side of the class 'struggle'. Wesker joined with enthusiasm the Royal Court group on the Aldermaston March in 1959. Another of the Royal Court contingent, Lindsay Anderson, made a documentary film about the march.

Works • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •

The Kitchen, 1957 Chicken Soup with Barley, 1958 Roots, 1958 I'm talking about Jerusalem, 1958 Menace, 1961 (For Television) Chips with Everything, 1962 The Nottingham Captain, 1962 Four Seasons, 1965 Their Very Own and Golden City, 1966 The Friends, 1970 The Old Ones, 1970 The Journalist, 1972 The Wedding Feast, 1974 Shylock, 1976 Love Letters on Blue Paper, 1976 Phoenix, 1980 Caritas, 1980 Words on the Wind, 1980

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One More Ride on the Merry-Go-Round, 1980 Breakfast, 1981 Sullied Hand, 1981 Four Portraits - Of Mothers, 1982 Annie Wobbler, 1982 Yardsale, 1983 Cinders, 1983 The Merchant, 1983 Whatever Happened to Betty Lemon?, 1986 When God Wanted a Son, 1986 Lady Othello, 1987 Little Old Lady & Shoeshine, 1987 Badenheim 1939, 1987 The Mistress, 1988 Beorhtel's Hill, 1988 (Community Play for Basildon) Men Die Women Survive, 1990 Letter To A Daughter, 1990 Blood Libel, 1991 Wild Spring, 1992 Bluey, 1993 The Confession, 1993 Circles of Perception, 1996 Break, My Heart, 1997 Denial, 1997 Barabbas, 2000 The Kitchen Musical, 2000 Groupie, 2001 Longitude, 2002 Honey, 2005 (novel) The Rocking Horse, 2007 (Commissioned by the BBC World Service) Uroboros Project, 2008 (funded by Tricell)