Armaflex Insulation-Installation Manual...
INSTALLATION MANUAL
Professional insulation with Armaflex
Armacell Customer Services Department Tel: 0161 287 7100 Fax: 0161 633 2685 E-mail:
[email protected] Web: www.armacell.com
List of contents Installation Instructions • Rules for working with Armaflex . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 • Advice for insulating in refrigeration and A/C plants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 • Tools required for installing Armaflex. . . . . . . . . . . 5 • The correct use of Armaflex adhesive. . . . . . . . . . 6 • Cutting Armaflex tube . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 • Pipe insulation with self-adhesive tube . . . . . . . . . 9 • Insulating with Armaflex tube – sleeve-on . . . . . . 11 • Angles for screwed pipe joint – option one . . . . . 12 • Angles for screwed pipe joint – option two . . . . . 13 • Installing Armafix insulated pipe supports. . . . . . 14 • Insulating large pipes with Armaflex sheet . . . . . 20 • Multi-layer insulation of pipework . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 • Multi-layer insulation of pipes and flat surfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 • Flat surface insulation with self-adhesive Armaflex sheet. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 • Flat surface insulation with sheet and Armaflex adhesive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
• Surface insulation of large vessels and tanks . . . 30 • Insulating vessels and tank dome ends. . . . . . . . 31 • Handling sheet insulation correctly for vessels and tanks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 Fabrications from Armaflex Tube and Sheet Tube: • Bend with 90° angle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 • Bend with 45° angle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 • Segment bend with one middle part (2+1) . . . . . 35 • Segment bend with two middle parts (2+2) . . . . . 36 • Segment bend with three middle parts (2+3) . . . 37 • T-piece. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 • Angle T-piece. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 • Cross piece joint . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 • Swept T-piece . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 • Y-tube . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 • Pipe reducer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
1
List of contents Fabrications from Armaflex Tube and Sheet Sheet: • Two part bend – option one. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 • Two part bend – option two . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 • Valve coverings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 • Neck-T and pipe-T. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 • Offset angle and pipework bend angle . . . . . . . . 57 • Strainers, strainer valves and incline seat valves. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63 • Flanges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68 • Concentric reducer – equal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70 • Essentric reducer – flat back . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71 • Pumps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
2
Adhesive use and painting advice • Armaflex 520 adhesive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73 • Armaflex 525 adhesive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74 • Armaflex cleaner . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75 • Armaflex FR paint . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76 • Hot climates – high ambient temperature and relative humidity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79 • Armaflex with other insulation product types. . . . 80 • Armaflex installation with trace heating cable . . . 85 • Fabrication estimation charts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
Rules for working with Armaflex • Use good quality tools, in particular a sharp knife, fresh Armaflex adhesive and a good brush. • Oval tubes should always be split on the flat side. • Use clean Armaflex material – with no dust, dirt, oil or water on the surface, if present clean with Armaflex cleaner. • Use the right dimensions!
• Self-adhesive Armaflex tape should not be used as the sole fixing for butt and longitudinal joints and seams. It should only be applied to joints and seams that have been glued previously with Armaflex adhesive and only after 36 hours to allow complete out-gassing of the adhesive solvent. • Armafinish FR paint can be applied immediately after the insulation has been installed, with a second coat of paint applied within 3 days, to provide UV protection.
• Never pull glued joints when sealing them, always push them together. • Never insulate plants and systems that are in operation! Only start insulated plants after 36 hours – after this time the adhesive is fully cured.
3
Advice for insulating in refrigeration and A/C plants
4
• Attach each end of the Armaflex tube to the pipe with Armaflex adhesive, and make sure the adhesive joints are firm at critical points such as flanges, T-sections, elbows, supports, etc.
• Provide effective protection against corrosion on surfaces of steel pipes and vessels, due to the presence of chloride ions in the normal building environment using aluminium foil or special paints.
• Never insulate chilled water lines or refrigeration equipment if the sections to be insulated are too close together. An air gap of at least 25mm should be present between the chilled water line insulated surfaces to prevent sweating.
Note: When insulating stainless steel with Armaflex, please consult our Customer Services Department, or refer to the Stainless Steel section of the Armaflex Specifier’s Manual.
Tools for installing Armaflex Tape measure or folding rule
Straight edge
Scissors
Chalk for marking irregular shapes
Short knife – 75mm
Brush with short, firm bristles
Silver ink marker pen
Long knife – 300mm
Smooth spatula
Dividers
Sharpening stone
Sharpened pipe ends for the most common pipe diameters
Callipers
Gluemaster
Roller for surface gluing
Note: A three knife set plus sharpening stone are available together as a tool kit
5
The correct use of Armaflex adhesive Insulation surfaces soiled with dust, dirt, oil or water must be cleaned with Armaflex cleaner before starting work. • Pay attention to the installation instructions on the adhesive can. Use small cans during work so that the adhesive does not thicken too quickly. Refill from larger cans when necessary and keep closed when not in use to avoid thickening • Stir adhesive well after opening. If left to stand, heavier components in the adhesive may settle in the bottomx of the can. These have to be mixed thoroughly beforex use to effectively activate the adhesive. • Use a brush with short, stiff bristles and keep clean. • Apply Armaflex adhesive thinly and evenly onto both surfaces to be glued.
6
• When sticking Armaflex to other materials (e.g. metal), first apply the adhesive to the Armaflex and then to the other clean surface. • Armaflex adhesives have tack times from 3 to 10 minutes. The time will vary according to the grade, ambient temperature and relative humidity. Avoid ‘open times’† in excess of 20 minutes. † The ‘open time’ is defined as the period between first applying adhesive and finally closing together the joint, seams or surfaces. • Allow the adhesive to ‘tack-dry’. The correct initial drying time is checked by the ‘fingernail test’: touch the surface with a fingernail, if the fingernail does not adhere to the surface and the surface itself does not feel tacky the joint may be closed. The maximum adhesive force will be obtained when two tack dry surfaces are brought together.
• The glued surfaces should be pressed together, do not stretch. Do not leave glued seams on the top of the insulation. When working outdoors, always turn the glued seams away from the sun. • When gluing joints under compression, the wet adhesive method should be applied. Pull the seam apart slightly and apply Armaflex adhesive thinly and evenly with the brush to both surfaces and press together. No open time is needed in this case. • Ideal installation temperature is 15°C to 20°C. Do not use adhesive under 0°C. If the adhesive is too cold it can be warmed in a bucket of hot water. At temperatures below 5°C, condensation can appear on the surfaces to be glued or the adhesive film. If this occurs the materials cannot be glued, or only with difficulty. Check whether this has happened by applying absorbent paper. When working in areas with a high atmospheric humidity and high temperatures (see Hot Climates page 79).
• To speed up Armaflex installation, use the Armaflex Gluemaster. Please consult our Customer Services Department for further information. • Use Armaflex cleaner to clean your tools, contaminated metal surfaces or surfaces which have had talc applied. Note: Check that the adhesive will adhere to any rustinhibiting primer that has been used to protect steel pipes. Armaflex adhesive may not adhere to asphalt, bitumen, red-lead or cement surfaces. Do not mix Armaflex cleaner to Armaflex adhesive to thin it out – warm it.
7
Cutting Armaflex tube How to cut Armaflex tube
Use a sharp knife. Keep knife at a low angle when slitting tube
8
Use sharpened off-cuts of pipes to make holes
Always cut on the flat sides of tubes
Pipe insulation with self-adhesive Armaflex tube
Clean dust, dirt, oil and water from pipework using Armaflex cleaner where necessary. Install Armaflex when ambient temperature is between +10 and +35°C.
Open pre-slit Armaflex and snap onto pipe.
Adjust fitted Armaflex to ensure slit is easily accessible.
Locate the end of the self-seal protection strip coloured yellow.
Remove the protection strip by drawing it away from the insulation. Please note: remove protective strip from both sides!
9
Pipe insulation with self-adhesive Armaflex tube
Close the slit and squeeze together to ensure a permanent seal.
Using a circular motion, push the Armaflex around bends. Do not pull the insulation.
10
Push the Armaflex along the pipe using a circular motion. Do not pull the insulation.
Seal all joints with Armaflex Adhesive. Do not stretch when sealing joints.
Insulating with Armaflex tube (sleeve on technique) In principle, tube material can simply be slid over bends. However, with tight bends in pipes (small radius) there is a risk that the insulation will kink in the throat of the bend, reducing insulation thickness. In the refrigeration/air-conditioning sector the calculated insulation thickness is then no longer achieved and condensation can occur on the surface of the insulation. When installing tubes with a self-adhesive seal there is the additional risk of compression of the adhesive lining in the bend area, which can lead to seams coming apart.
The following should be taken into account in these cases: If the insulation kinks and the adhesive seam is compressed the bends should be cut into segments to fit (see page 33 – 37). Note: On large bore pipes (up to 114mm diameter) we recommend that you use Armaflex tube with Armaflex adhesive. For pipes above 114mm diameter we recommend that you use Armaflex sheet with Armaflex adhesive (see page 20).
11
Angles in screwed pipe joints – option 1
Many fittings, such as screwed bends and elbows on iron pipe systems, push-fit plastic joints, shrink-fit sleeves and largesized welded pipe joints, may have a significantly larger outside diameter than the adjoining pipes. In these cases a larger bore Armaflex tube must be used on this part of the system. This section shows two methods of insulating this type of fitting.
12
Push the Armaflex tube as far as the pipe fitting. For chilled water and refrigeration pipework only, secure the bore of the tube to the pipe with adhesive. The adhesive band to be the same width as the insulation thickness.
The fitting cover is made from tube the bore of which is the O.D. of the incoming tube. Provide a 25mm overlap at each side. The fitting may be made up using any of the methods described on pages 33 – 37. Slit in the throat, apply adhesive to seams, fit when tack dry. Wet seal overlaps.
Angles in screwed pipe joints – option 2
The fitting cover is made from tube material, the bore of which corresponds to the maximum outside diameter of the screwed fitting. Provide at least a 38mm overlap beyond the end of the fitting on each side.
For pipes up to 35mm, cut two wedge-shaped pieces at 180° to each other, from top and bottom centres, at each end of the fitting. For large bore tubes cut four wedges, one at each 90° around the circumference.
The wedges should taper back to the points where the fitting would start and be sized so that the bore of the Armaflex reduces to the O.D. of the incoming pipe. Glue the seams on the reducing sections.
Slit in the throat, apply adhesive, allow to tack dry, then fit.
13
Installing Armafix insulated pipe supports
Select an Armafix insulated pipe support to fit the pipework being installed. The thickness of the support insulation should be at least equal to the design thickness of the insulation of the pipework.
14
The insulated pipe support is fitted around the pipe at intervals determined by the pipe diameter and location. The self-adhesive strip is then exposed and closed to complete the vapour barrier.
A standard pipe support bracket is fitted around the outer aluminium shells of the pipe support. No additional vapour barrier or insulation is required to maintain the integrity of the insulation system.
During the installation of Armaflex insulation, wet-seal the joins in the Armaflex at both ends of the Armafix pipe support with Armaflex 520 adhesive.
Seal the Armaflex pipe insulation to the Armaflex within the Armafix pipe support in the normal way. Ensure that the pipe insulation is installed under slight compression so that no weak points occur in the glued seams or butt joints.
Field of Application: Armafix insulation pipe supports are recommended for use where “thermal bridging” should be avoided. This is very important in refrigeration and chilled water installations where there is a possibility of condensation occurring. Special attention is necessary to ensure that the integrity of the system is maintained with regard to: (a) The design thickness of insulation. (b) The vapour barrier.
Thermal Conductivity Value: • A property of the material dependent only on temperature. • Not affected by the thickness of the material. • Measured in W / (m.K) = Watts per metre per degree Kelvin. • For thermal insulation materials, low thermal conductivity values are better.
To avoid thermal bridging there should be no direct contact between the pipe and its fixing. This means that the insulation support system should be used that has a high resistance to compression and low thermal conductivity.
15
Installing Armafix insulated pipe supports The value is used to calculate the quantity of heat which is transferred through a given thickness of material. Thus heat loss through the insulation material depends on thermal conductivity and thickness.
The selection of pipe insulation supports for low temperature installation, for the prevention of condensation, we could determine that the product should have :
Thermal insulation materials – typical values:
• • • • •
Insulation material Class O Armaflex Wood Plastic
16
W / (m.K) at 0°C 0.035 0.400 0.200 – 0.400
Low thermal conductivity Compression resistant Vapour barrier Ease of installation Meet local fire regulations
Where Armaflex product is installed, the use of Armafix pipe supports is the perfect solution on cold installations for the prevention of ice and condensation. However when Armafix pipe supports are not selected the following instructions are imperative: • Ensure that the Armaflex is fitted tight to the support, with no air gaps present and vapour sealed with Armaflex adhesive. • Install Armaflex self adhesive tape to the butt joint where the Armaflex and the support meet. Ensure the surface of the butt joint is free from dust before installing the Armaflex tape.
17
Installing Armafix insulated pipe supports – multi-layer Armaflex multi-layer applications: When the Armaflex wall thickness is greater than the Armafix pipe support (25mm) the following procedures could be implemented, ensuring that the vapour seal is maintained throughout the pipework installation. Method 1. • Install first layer of Armaflex as recommended on page 14. • Install second layer of Armaflex tube or sheet over the first layer, butting up to the pipe support fixing. Seal with Armaflex adhesive on the under-face of the insulation to provide the vapour barrier. • In most cases the support fixing would be flush with the Armaflex, leaving a bare face exposed. This bare face could be bridged over with a strip of Armaflex sheet or half an Armaflex tube, thus covering the exposed face. All seams and joints must be sealed with Armaflex adhesive.
18
Method 2. Where pipe-support fixing brackets can be installed after the application of the Armaflex installation, this alternative practice should be used: • Determine the location of the Armafix pipe supports to be installed. Fix as described on page 14, without the fixing support bracket. • Install second layer of Armaflex to the pipework, covering the entire pipe support (see page 21). Note: Stagger all joints and seams and seal all joints.
• Install two half moon metal sleeves over the outer diameter of the Armaflex, directly in line with the pipe-support on the underside of the second layer of Armaflex. This will prevent pipework load from crushing the Armaflex, thus preventing insulation thickness reduction, which could lead to condensation problems. Note: A heavy gauge galvanised sheet would be suitable.
19
Insulating large pipes with Armaflex sheet
Determine the circumference of the pipe! Important: Always measure with a strip of Armaflex of the thickness to be used for the insulation. Warning: Do not stretch the strip.
20
Cut Armaflex sheet to the required size – apply Armaflex adhesive to the cut surfaces in a thin layer, allow to touch dry.
Press together at the ends and then in the middle. Close the entire seam starting from the middle.
Multi-layer insulation of pipework a The inside diameter of the second oversize tube should be selected according to the maximum outside diameter of the first layer. b If the outer diameter of the first insulating layer is large, we recommend that the second layer be made with sheet, since this can be adapted exactly to the outside diameter of the first layer. The ends of the tube or sheet of the second layer should be glued to the under layer of Armaflex.
Warning: Stagger all joints and seams 21
Multi-layer insulation – pipes and flat surfaces • In the case of double-layer insulation the first and second layers should be glued over the entire surface. DO NOT apply only spots or strips of adhesive. • The butt and longitudinal seams of the second layer must always be positioned offset to the first layer. The Armaflex surfaces of the first layer should be clean, dry and free from contamination. Armaflex cleaner can be used when oil or grease are present. CAUTION: You must ensure that the underlying glued seams have cured for 36 hours, before using the Armaflex cleaner.
Insulating pipes with Armaflex sheet The complete Armaflex range of tube is available for pipes with an outer diameter up to 114mm. Larger pipes and ducts as well as tanks are insulated with Armaflex sheet, and full-surface gluing is needed for pipes with an outer diameter above 600mm (see table on page 23). A number of pipes for which tube is available are also insulated with sheet for various reasons. Care should be taken to ensure that the stresses in the seams, caused by the bending in the sheet, do not become too high. These stresses rise with an increasing thickness of insulation and decreasing pipe diameter, therefore, we recommend that only thicker sheet material is used on pipes with a larger diameter. In addition, the ambient temperature during installation has a great effect on the stresses.
22
Details on the installation of sheet material at ambient temperature ≥ 5°C Sheet thickness Pipe OD F
H
K
M
R
T
V
9 mm
13 mm
16 mm
19 mm
25 mm
32 mm
50 mm
≥ 88.9
•
•
•
•
≥ 114
•
•
•
•
•
≥ 168
•
•
•
•
•
•
≥ 600
•
•
•
•
•
•
mm
•
23
Flat surface insulation with self-adhesive Armaflex sheet
24
Check ambient temperature. Installation should take place between 10°C and 35°C.
Clean down all flat surfaces. If necessary, use Armaflex cleaner.
Measure correct dimensions.
Cut Armaflex sheet to size.
Peel back release paper.
Line up sheet and press firmly to activate adhesive.
Align material.
Continue to line up and press whilst slowly removing release paper.
At butt joints allow 5mm overlap for compression.
Apply a wet seal application to the compressed seam.
25
Flat surface insulation with Armaflex sheet and Armaflex adhesive
Clean all surfaces using Armaflex cleaner to remove grease, oil, dirt, etc.
Measure surface dimensions and cut Armaflex sheet to size. Note: Add 5mm so that material is fitted under compression.
26
Spread a thin film of adhesive onto the back of the Armaflex sheet… and then onto the metal surface.
When the adhesive is tack dry (fingernail test) place Armaflex sheet in position and press firmly to achieve a good bond.
Insulate the two opposite sides of the duct first, then the remaining sides are measured, making due allowance for the thickness of the Armaflex sheet already installed.
Apply Armaflex adhesive as before, allow to dry and press firmly into position.
Apply an additional wet seal along edges.
The cut sheets should be positioned so that there is a 5-10mm overlap. When pressed together the material is under compression and is not stretched.
27
Flat surface insulation with Armaflex sheet and Armaflex adhesive
Wet seal adjacent edges of Armaflex…
28
and the job is complete.
Flat surface insulation with Armaflex sheet and Armaflex adhesive
Bracket and flange covers for air ducts
29
Surface insulation of large vessels and tanks using Armaflex sheet and Armaflex adhesive
do not glue
push in
wet bonding
Armaflex sheet layout for large vessels and tanks Note: ensure that sheet joints are staggered.
30
Vessel and tank dome ends using Armaflex sheet
Curve length
Glue over complete surface
Armaflex strip
* approx. 5 cm above weld seam
* Size applies for tanks up to a max. Ø of 1.5 m The size increases with an increasing tank Ø
trip = flex s Arma
nk Ø ta
31
Handling Armaflex sheet material correctly for vessels and tanks 1 Draw up a cutting schedule. Work out the most efficient way of covering the surfaces using Armaflex sheet (2 x 0.5 metre) or continuous roll (1 metre width and length 4-15 metres dependent upon the thickness). 2 Provide an allowance of an additional 5mm on all dimensions when cutting from Armaflex sheet or roll. 3 Apply Armaflex adhesive first to the insulation before applying adhesive to the metal surface. 4 Always make compression joins. On curved surfaces, measure the circumference with a strip of Armaflex of the same thickness to be used for the insulation, including any surface finish. Do not stretch the strip. 5 All seams are joined wet. Leave about 30mm without an adhesive coating on the Armaflex surface. Attach the connecting sheet with adhesive and with 5 mm overlap. Then press in the overlapping butt join to give additional compression.
32
6 Where multi-layer insulation is installed use Armaflex cleaner, after 36 hours (see page 22) to remove any talc, chalk, dirt, grease and moisture from the surfaces to be joined. Stagger all seams and butt joins on the second layer relative to the first layer. 7 Where complex shapes are to be insulated, the shape of the body is outlined with chalk and this may be transferred directly to the Armaflex sheet by pressing the flexible material against the metal surface so that the chalk is transferred. Cut along the chalked line with a sharp knife to obtain a good fit for the Armaflex. 8 Armaflex used outdoors will require additional protection against UV radiation. We recommend the use of Armafinish FR paint (see page 76). 9 HT Armaflex insulation does not require painting when used outdoors.
Bend with 90° angle using Armaflex tube
Template
Note: Use the Armaflex template located on each tube box.
33
Bend with 45° angle using Armaflex tube
Template
*
* The Ø details to achieve the 45° angle are approximate values!
Note: Use the Armaflex template located on each tube box.
34
Segment bend with 1 middle part using Armaflex tube – 2+1
Template
Note: Use the Armaflex template located on each tube box.
35
Segment bend with 2 middle parts using Armaflex tube – 2+2
Note: Use the Armaflex template located on each tube box.
36
Segment bend with 3 middle parts using Armaflex tube – 2+3
Note: Use the Armaflex template located on each tube box.
37
T-piece using Armaflex tube
Note: Use the Armaflex template located on each tube box.
38
Angle T-piece using Armaflex tube
Note: Use the Armaflex template located on each tube box.
39
Crosspiece joint using Armaflex tube
Consists of two 90° angle pieces
Note: Use the Armaflex template located on each tube box.
40
Swept T-piece using Armaflex tube
Further fabrication of two segment bend with one middle part
Note: Use the Armaflex template located on each tube box.
41
Y-tube using Armaflex tube Further fabrication of the 45° bend (2 times) and the 90° bend (once)
Note: Use the Armaflex template located on each tube box.
42
Pipe reducer using Armaflex tube
Pipe reducer to be insulated
Cut out segments
Cut to size – allow compression of 5mm at each end
Glue seams with Armaflex adhesive
Slit fitting on the flat side
Install and glue seam and end joints
43
Two part bend using Armaflex sheet – option 1 – site application
R1
Establish the inside radius, R1, by dropping a perpendicular line to meet a horizontal line from the outside of the two welds. The point where these two lines intersect gives the origin for the radius, R1. This is the throat radius.
44
Measure in a 12mm trimming allowance along both vertical and horizontal edges then transfer R1 to the sheet as indicated.
Determine the circumference of the pipe using a strip of Armaflex of the thickness to be installed. Warning: Do not stretch
Halve the pipe circumference and transfer this dimension to the Armaflex sheet.
Mark out the two arcs from the intersection of the trim lines.
Cut out the first half-section of the elbow.
Use the first half-section as a template to cut out the second half-section of the elbow.
Place the sections together with the rough surfaces inwards. Apply Armaflex adhesive to the outer edges.
45
Two part bend using Armaflex sheet – option 1 – site application
Allow the adhesive to tack dry (fingernail test) then press the two sections together at one side to make a short seam.
46
Next, press the opposite sides together, also making a short seam. Repeat alternately closing 50-75mm at a time on each side, working towards the centre.
Press the remainder of the joint firmly together.
Turn the assembly over and press the seam firmly together from the inside as well, so that a good adhesive joint is achieved across the entire wall thickness.
Apply Armaflex adhesive to the inner joint edges.
Place the insulation cover over the pipe bend. Allow the adhesive to tack dry then press the joint faces firmly together.
Trim both ends of the insulation to give a square edge, using a metal strip or clip if necessary, to achieve a right angle with the pipe.
Wet seal to pipe insulation, fitted under slight compression, to complete the bend.
47
2-part bend using Armaflex sheet – option 2 – bench fabrication
Armaflex strip
Armaflex strip Pipe circumference (U)
‘t = insulation thickness
48
Valve coverings using Armaflex sheet – body
Length including face plates
Armaflex strip
Face plate
Sheet metal or plastic reinforcement possible
Armaflex strip
A = circumference of flange or face plate
49
Valve coverings using Armaflex sheet – body
Small heating and plumbing valves or stopcocks may be insulated using the techniques detailed on page 38. The following section gives the general techniques for insulating larger valves and gate valves. On chilled water or refrigeration applications it is recommended that the valve body is packed with strips of Armaflex insulation stuck onto the valve body with Armaflex adhesive.
50
Insulate the pipe as far as the flange. Determine the diameters of: a) the Armaflex insulated pipe b) the flange
Mark out and cut circles of the correct diameter.
Measure the height between the outer faces of the two rings.
Determine the circumference of the rings. Important: Always measure with a strip of Armaflex of the thickness to be used for the insulation.
Transfer the height and the circumference to the Armaflex sheet and mark on the cutouts for the spindle neck.
Apply a thin coat of Armaflex adhesive to all surfaces of the valve cover. Allow to tack dry (fingernail test), fit, then press together firmly.
Warning: Do not stretch the strip.
51
Neck-T / Pipe-T using Armaflex sheet
Armaflex strip
Circumference of face plate
Armaflex strip
52
Measure the height of the spindle housing flange…
…and its width, and make up an end disc.
Cut the disc through at one side, apply adhesive to the cut edges, allow to tack dry.
Join the end disc after placing it over the spindle neck.
53
Neck-T / pipe-T using Armaflex sheet
Measure the circumference of the end disc with a strip of Armaflex and transfer the measurement to the sheet material.
54
Mark off the circumference into 4 equal sections.
Measure the minimum and maximum depths of the spindle housing including the thickness of the Armaflex end disc.
Transfer these heights to the Armaflex sheet.
Using the difference between the two heights as a radius, mark out 5 arcs round the intersections of the lines, and join the arcs with a continuous line.
Cut out the shaped section of sheet.
Chamfer away the inside surface at the highest point (where the sheet rests against the side of the valve body).
Apply adhesive to the longitudinal seam, allow to tack dry, then seal round the spindle housing.
55
Neck-T / pipe-T using Armaflex sheet
Apply adhesive using the wet seal method to seams 1 – 4. D.Boxes, using Armaflex sheet, can also be used to insulate valves.
56
The valve cover is now complete.
Offset angle / pipework bend angle joints using Armaflex sheet
Armaflex strip
Pipe circumference
Armaflex strip
57
Offset angle / pipework bend angle joints using Armaflex sheet
Armaflex strip
Pipe circumference
Armaflex strip
58
The following illustrations show the various stages of work when insulating a mitre angle or bevel joint in a pipe. The procedure when insulating a right angle pipe joint is effectively the same.
59
Offset angle / pipework bend angle joints using Armaflex sheet
Determine the circumference of the pipe. Important: Always measure with a strip of Armaflex of the thickness to be used for the insulation. Warning: Do not stretch the strip.
60
Transfer the circumference to the Armaflex sheet and mark in the centre line.
Measure the outer…
…and inner height of the mitre joint.
Transfer the heights to the Armaflex sheet.
Measure the half-circumference with dividers…
…and mark out 3 arcs.
Join the arcs with a continuous line.
61
Offset angle / pipework bend angle joints using Armaflex sheet
Cut along the line. When repositioned by 180°, the upper and lower sections produce…
62
…the two parts of the mitre joint.
Apply Armaflex adhesive to the longitudinal seam, then to the connecting seam.
The insulation is now complete.
Strainers, strainer valves and inclined seat valves using Armaflex sheet
The following series of illustrations show the various phases in the insulation of a strainer. The work involved in insulating a strainer valve or an inclined seat valve is similar (some measurements need to be extended) except that they will also require an end disc, made and installed as shown on page 54.
Insulate the pipes as far as the flanges. Measure and install two Armaflex rings on the outer faces of the flanges, but do not attach them to the Armaflex tube with adhesive at this stage.
Apply a strip of Armaflex around the strainer body to support the fitting cover. Chilled water and refrigeration strainers should be fully packed with further pieces of Armaflex adhered to the strainer body to fill any air gaps.
63
Strainers, strainer valves and inclined seat valves using Armaflex sheet
Determine the length of the circumference. Important: Always measure with a strip of Armaflex of the thickness to be used for the insulation. Warning: Do not stretch the strip.
64
Transfer the circumference to the Armaflex sheet.
Measure the distance over the outer faces of the two Armaflex rings you have positioned next to the flanges.
Measure the size of the strainer cut-out and the distance between the strainer and the outer face of the upper ring.
Measure the distance from the strainer to the outer face of the lower ring.
Transfer these measurements to the Armaflex sheet and mark the cut-out needed for the strainer.
Attach the insulation sheet to the strainer with adhesive.
Measure the three outer sides of the strainer cover.
65
Strainers, strainer valves and inclined seat valves using Armaflex sheet
Transfer the combined length of these three sides to the Armaflex sheet.
66
Measure the distance from the strainer cover to the insulation round the strainer body.
Using this height as a radius, mark out arcs from each end and…
…join the uppermost points on each arc together.
Cut out the remaining section of sheet…
…and chamfer it away where it is to touch the insulation round the strainer body.
Attach this section first to the strainer body insulation with adhesive then…
…to the strainer cover. This completes the basic fitting cover for a strainer.
67
Flanges using Armaflex sheet
The following section gives the installation techniques for insulating flanges. On chilled water or refrigeration applications it is advisable to pack the gaps between the nuts with strips of Armaflex insulation.
68
Using a pair of callipers, determine the diameters of: a) the pipe with Armaflex insulation installed b) the flange
Transfer these measurements to a piece of Armaflex sheet. Mark out two concentric circles with dividers. Repeat on a second piece of sheet. Cut out two Armaflex rings.
Cut through the rings at one side and after placing them over the insulated pieces join together with adhesive.
Determine the circumference of the flange. Important: Always measure with a strip of Armaflex of the thickness to be used for the insulation. Warning: Do not stretch the strip.
Cut out the central strip which measures the circumference of the ring by the width from the outer face of one Armaflex ring to the outer face of the other Armaflex ring. Apply adhesive to edge of strip. Press the strip joint firmly together, starting from the outer ends.
Make wet seal joints by applying adhesive between the two Armaflex rings and the joining strip, and between the rings and the insulation on the pipe. On heating installations only, it may be acceptable to rely on a pushfit rather than an adhesive seal and thus allow access to nuts for maintenance.
69
Concentric reducer (equal) using Armaflex sheet
Ø pipe
Armaflex strip
Ø pipe
‘t = insulation thickness
70
Pipe circumference
ArmaflexStrip
Essentric reducer (flat back) using Armaflex sheet
Armaflex strip Armaflex strip
Largest pipe diameter
71
Insulating a pump using Armaflex sheet
72
Armaflex 520 adhesive Armaflex 520 adhesive has been specially developed to bond Armaflex, a flexible closed-cell elastomeric nitrile-rubber insulation. It joins the surfaces to be bonded reliably and safely, at medium temperatures of up to +105°C. The bond is resistant to weathering and ageing. (For HT Armaflex, use Armaflex HT 525 adhesive – see page 74). Preparing for work The surfaces to be joined must be clean, dry and free from contamination. If gluing on bases which already have a coat of oil based paint check the compatibility. Shake the adhesive well before use and stir. Ideal application temperature: +20°C. Not below 0°C. At temperatures below 5°C or high humidity above 85%, increased condensation may appear on the surfaces to be joined or adhesive film (see Hot Climates, page 79). Do not work on plants that are in operation. Application Pay attention to the Armaflex installation instructions.
Remember: apply the adhesive using a brush with firm bristles. Use a spatula or sheepskin roller for larger areas. Curing time 36 hours. Pipe insulation Armaflex 520 adhesive should be applied in a thin layer on both surfaces to be joined. When the adhesive is no longer stringy to the touch (open time depends on the ambient conditions) the surfaces to be joined should be pushed together with a slight pressure and then pressed firmly together. Vessel / tank insulation (full surface gluing) Using Armaflex 520 adhesive, follow the installation instructions on page 32. Storage Keep cool wherever possible, but free from frost. Damage due to frost can be reversed by storing in warm conditions, or for immediate use by using a bucket of hot water. Shelf life approx. 1 year.
73
Armaflex HT 525 Adhesive Armaflex HT 525 adhesive is a two-component glue which has been developed to bond HT Armaflex insulation for medium temperatures up to +150°C*. *For information on temperatures below - 40°C or above +150°C, please consult our Customer Services Department.
Preparing for work Before use, add the enclosed hardener to the Armaflex HT 525 adhesive whilst stirring very carefully. The mixture of hardener and adhesive can then be used for approx. 8 hours. Keep the tin firmly closed and stir well before each use. Ideal processing temperature: +15°C to +20°C. Do not use below 0°C. Application The application is the same as for Armaflex 520 adhesive.
74
Note: Due to Armaflex HT 525 adhesive being of a higher viscosity, with a quicker drying time than Armaflex 520 adhesive, we recommend the use of the Armaflex glue gun (see tool list page 5). Storage Keep cool wherever possible, but free from frost. Damage due to frost can be reversed by storing in warm conditions, or for immediate use by using a bucket of hot water. Shelf life of Armaflex HT 525 adhesive before adding the hardener: approx. 1 year.
Armaflex cleaner Armaflex cleaner is a clear, colourless volatile liquid. It is used for the removal of grease, oils and dirt from surfaces prior to the use of Armaflex adhesives or Armafinish FR paint (see page 76). The cleaner may also be used to clean brushes, tools, etc. which have become contaminated with Armaflex adhesive.
Cleaning tools Brushes and equipment which have become hardened with adhesive may be recovered by soaking until soft.
Metal surfaces Before installing Armaflex sheet on to ductwork the surface shall be thoroughly cleaned and degreased using Armaflex cleaner. The cleaner is applied using clean lint-free rags and the metal surface allowed to dry completely before the application of adhesive. Armaflex surfaces Where adhesive is being used on the smooth surface of Armaflex, e.g. in the insulation of valves and other fittings, it is recommended that the adhesive areas are cleaned prior to application and allowed to dry thoroughly.
75
Armafinish FR paint Armafinish FR is a water-based coating using an advanced terpolymer resin system. When properly applied, it is particularly suitable for the protection of Armaflex flexible thermal insulation against sunlight, UV radiation and chemical attack. The coating, when fully cured, maintains the flexibility, resistance to water vapour and fire performance of the Armaflex material. Where resistance to damage is a particular requirement the coating may be further strengthened using Arma-Chek Web random mesh glass fibre. Surface preparation The Armaflex surface should be clean, dry and free from any oil, grease, organic growth and other extraneous substances that may affect adhesion and cure. Surfaces may be cleaned using Armaflex cleaner, which should be allowed to evaporate completely before the application of the coating.
76
Application conditions The coating may be applied if the ambient temperature is not likely to fall below 5 ºC, and the relative humidity is below 90%, providing that the dew point is not exceeded. Coverage COAT
l / m2
m2 / l
Wet film / microns
Dry film / microns
1st
0.275
3.6
275
130
2nd
0.275
3.6
275
130
Overall
0.550
1.8
550
260
Where practical the first coat should be in a contrasting colour to the second coat so that adequate coverage is obtained by obliterating the substrate. To build up the required thickness Armafinish FR should not be brushed out, as with conventional paints, but rather dabbed on to the surface and lightly smoothed out. When using a brush, the second coat should be applied at right angles to the first, if it is practical to do so.
Drying time Under normal conditions, Armafinish FR paint should be dry within 1 – 2 hours. Low temperature and / or high humidity will progressively increase the time for the coating to dry but will not affect the ultimate cure. The second coat may be applied as soon as the first coat is thoroughly dry and within 3 days of the first coat application. Service temperature -40 ºC to + 60 ºC. Storage Store in frost-free conditions in tightly sealed container. Keep away from sources of heat. Shelf life 2 years in unopened containers, when stored as directed above.
Reinforcement To reinforce the surface use Arma-Chek Web random mesh glass fibre which is embedded into the first layer of coating while it is still wet. Both coats should be applied at double the thickness recommended above (i.e. overall coverage rate of less than 1 square metre per litre). The second layer should be applied so that the Arma-Chek Web is virtually obliterated. Please note that the drying time will be extended. It is only practical to reinforced Armafinish FR paint over small areas. Where it is required to reinforce large areas it is preferable to use the Arma-Chek system. Please consult our Customer Services Department for further information. Application May be applied by brush, short pile roller or airless spray equipment (at 2500-3000 psi with 19-20 thou tip size).
77
Armafinish FR paint – coverage chart Based on two coats at 3.6 square metres per litre per coat.
Pipe dia. 15 22 28 35 42 48 54 60 67 76 80 89 93 108 114 140 168 214 273 324
78
6 0.05 0.06 0.07 0.08 0.09 0.10 0.12 0.13 0.14 0.15 0.16 0.18 0.18 0.21 0.22 0.27 0.31 0.39 0.50 0.59
INSULATION THICKNESS 9 13 19 25 Litres per linear metre 0.06 0.07 0.09 0.11 0.07 0.08 0.10 0.13 0.08 0.09 0.12 0.14 0.09 0.11 0.13 0.15 0.10 0.12 0.14 0.16 0.12 0.13 0.15 0.17 0.13 0.14 0.16 0.18 0.14 0.15 0.17 0.19 0.15 0.16 0.18 0.20 0.16 0.18 0.20 0.22 0.17 0.19 0.21 0.23 0.19 0.20 0.22 0.24 0.19 0.21 0.23 0.25 0.22 0.23 0.25 0.28 0.23 0.24 0.27 0.29 0.28 0.29 0.31 0.33 0.32 0.34 0.36 0.38 0.40 0.42 0.44 0.46 0.51 0.52 0.54 0.56 0.60 0.61 0.63 0.65
32 0.14 0.15 0.16 0.17 0.19 0.20 0.21 0.22 0.23 0.24 0.25 0.27 0.27 0.30 0.31 0.36 0.40 0.49 0.59 0.68
Hot climates – high ambient temperature and relative humidity Alternative installation instructions for Armaflex and Armaflex 520 adhesive in areas with a high relative humidity and high ambient temperature. High atmospheric humidities and temperatures lead to faster evaporation of the solvent in the Armaflex adhesive. This means that a film of moisture may appear on the surface of the adhesive. Consequently the reliability of the adhesive seam will not be assured as the surfaces to be joined may not bond together. Under these special conditions, the following points should be observed as an alternative to our installation instructions:
• Apply Armaflex 520 adhesive as normal in a thin film on both sides and avoid nests of adhesive. Unlike normal bonding, the surfaces to be glued should be pressed together whilst wet. Remember that adhesive can only be applied to a limited area, depending on the atmospheric humidity, temperature, material thickness and practical installation conditions. We recommend a tube length of around 1 m as a reference figure. • To prevent the wet seams from coming apart on account of possible tensions within the material and the enclosed solvent, the seams should be held in place immediately after bonding with Armaflex adhesive tape crosswise to the glued seam every 20 cm or so. • Only start the insulated plant at the end of the adhesive’s breathing time (approx. 36 hours).
79
Installation of Armaflex sheet to foil faced mineral wool Installation type: Pipework, diameters above 500mm – tanks, vessels, ductwork and flat areas. Application procedure: Prior to the application of the Armaflex sheet to foil faced mineral wool, the following procedures should be implemented: 1 Ensure that the high temperature non-Armaflex insulation products are installed with a tight fit and without gaps being present on all seams and joints.
3 Ensure the foil surface is clean, dry and free from other contaminates. Check that the foil has not delaminated from the mineral wool’s surface and is secured. 4 Install the Armaflex sheet as normal (see pages 26-28). On installations where the outside diameter of the insulated pipework is 500mm and above, all-over adhesive coverage is required on both insulation surfaces. This method of adhesive coverage should also be used on all flat surfaces. 5 Ensure all joints and seams are staggered.
2 Class O reinforced foil faced sheeting should be applied to the mineral wool surface. Ensure adhesive is applied to both the foil sheet and the mineral wool surface. Ensure all over coverage on both surfaces. Allow the adhesive to fully cure.
80
Important Notes: • Please contact the mineral wool supplier for verification that the interface temperature does not exceed the temperature range of the Armaflex material being specified.
• Always check the strength of the adhesive bond to the mineral wool surface before installing Armaflex. If the mineral wool is sagging or dropping away when fixing Armaflex directly onto it, please contact the mineral wool supplier.
• Only use Armaflex adhesive when installing Armaflex insulation. Where temperatures of +85°C and above are present always use HT Armaflex insulation and Armaflex HT 525 adhesive.
• Where this method of installation is specified in offshore or external environments for the prevention of Corrosion Under Insulation, we would advise that the installation data contained within the Armacell Arma-Chek Specification and Application Manual is followed.
• Seek advice from the mineral wool manufacture on the adhesive to be used for foil-faced sheeting.
81
Installation of Armaflex sheet to aluminium foil faced and plain cellular glass products Installation type: Flat surfaces, vessels and pipework – diameters above 500mm Armaflex Product Type: HT Armaflex
3 Ensure the adhesive is applied to both the foil sheet and cellular glass surfaces. Ensure all over coverage on both surfaces with no dry spots present.
The following procedures should be implemented to install HT Armaflex sheet to cellular glass type products.
4 Allow the adhesive to fully cure to the manufacturer’s recommendations.
1 Ensure that all of the cellular glass fixing bands are securely in place and all seams and joints are sealed with the recommended joint sealant.
82
2 Install the aluminium foil sheeting to the cellular glass using a recommended adhesive.
Application of Armaflex HT sheet: 1 Before the installation of the Armaflex HT sheet to the aluminium foil covered cellular glass, ensure the foil surface is clean, dry and free from any contamination. 2 Measure surface dimensions, and cut to size, allowing for the Armaflex sheet to be staggered with the cellular glass seams and joints. 3 Apply a thin film of Armaflex 525 HT adhesive to both the surface of the Armaflex and the foiled covered cellular glass substrate, using either a brush or adhesive spreader. When the adhesive is tack dry (fingernail test) place the Armaflex HT sheet in position and press firmly to achieve a secure bond. Ensure no trapped air pockets are present during this procedure.
so that there is 5-10mm overlap on all butt joints. When pressed and joined together the material should be under compression and not stretched. 5 All seams and joints to be wet sealed with Armaflex 525 HT adhesive (see page 74). Note: Under no circumstances should self-adhesive tape be used on any of the Armaflex seams and joints during and after the Armaflex installation. 6 When multi-layered Armaflex sheet is required, i.e. 2 x 25mm sheet applications, follow procedures 2–5 above, and remember to stagger all seams and joints. Note: For locations that have high ambient temperatures, it is advisable to limit the size of Armaflex sheet fixing area to 1 sq. metre at a time
4 Continue to install the Armaflex sheet onto the foil surface. The Armaflex sheet should be positioned
83
Installation of Armaflex sheet to aluminium foil faced and plain cellular glass products Where the use of aluminium is not included on the installation, the following procedures shall be undertaken: • Before the application of the Armaflex sheet, the open cell structure of the cellular glass outer substrate should be sealed with a recommended sealant. If this is not available, then the cellular glass should be sealed with the Armaflex HT 525 adhesive. The adhesive should be allowed to cure for a minimum of 36 hours. This procedure will allow the open cells of the cellular glass to resist take up of further applications of Armaflex HT 525 adhesive, when installing Armaflex to the cellular glass substrate.
84
• Care should be taken not to damage the cellular glass surface when installing the adhesive for sealing purposes; this should be done with either a soft paintbrush or a soft thick paint roller. The adhesive should also cover the insulation fixing bands that hold the cellular glass in position. • Follow the application of Armaflex HT sheet (see page 83) excluding terms relating to aluminium foil sheeting.
Armaflex installation with trace heating cable In situations where the trace heating cable operating temperature exceeds +105°C when installing with Armaflex tube and +85°C on Armaflex sheet materials (pipework ID 600mm and above), the following points should be implemented.
• Thickness of tape to be a minimum of 90 microns
1 Self-adhesive aluminium foil tape should be applied directly to the surface of the installed cable, prior to the installation of the Armaflex tube or sheet.
Installation Procedures: Prior to the application of aluminium foil tape to the cable, ensure the surfaces are clean and dry and free from dust, dirt, oil, grease and moisture.
2 The aluminium foil tape should meet the following requirements:
• Reputable manufacturer (eg: Idenden) • Tape width 100mm
• Class 1 / Class O fire rating
Check the cable is fully secured to the pipework installation before applying the foil tape. Install foil tape directly over the cable surface.
• Bright aluminium faced, standard purity, being dead soft. Note: Reinforced type should not be used
Ensure the tape is rubbed down to the cable and pipework surfaces.
• Pure acrylic adhesive backing
Note: The thickness of foil tape shall be 90 microns (see specification above), 3 layers will be required to meet this micron thickness.
• Temperature range of tape -10°C to +150°C (minimum)
85
Armaflex installation with trace heating cable Ensure the entire trace heating cable installation is covered with the foil tape, to the recommended micron thickness.
On the longitudinal adhesive seam joint of the Armaflex tube or sheet, avoid having the seam in direct contact with the foiled trace heating cable.
Application of Armaflex tube or sheet: On completion of the applied foil to the trace heating cable, follow current Armaflex installation specification procedures, with the addition of the following:
The adhesive bonded seam should be set 90° away from the cable (where practical). Ensure all butt joints are fitted under compression prior to wet sealing.
Note: The Insulation material should not be hollowed out to accommodate the trace heating cable. When installing Armaflex tube, use the next bore size up to accommodate the trace cable. On larger bore pipework where Armaflex sheet is used, measure the pipe circumference over the heat trace cable,covered in foil, using a strip of Armaflex of the same thickness and type.
86
Pipework Termination Points: Ensure the Armaflex and trace cable is sealed to the pipework with Armaflex adhesive.
Quantity of Armaflex sheet for pipework fittings To determine the quantity of Armaflex sheet required for pipework fittings, using 09mm – 32mm thick products. For nominal ID bore pipework size range: 80 – 500mm Pipe size: ID mm / in OD mm
Metre Run: sheet req.
90° Bend: sheet req.
45° Bend: sheet req.
Equal T: sheet req.
Flange: sheet req.
Gate Valve: sheet req.
N/R Valve: sheet req.
080 / 03 089
0.436
0.254
0.127
0.09
0.21
0.403
0.403
100 / 04 114
0.515
0.354
0.177
0.10
0.29
0.505
0.505
125 / 05 140
0.597
0.576
0.238
0.12
0.35
0.72
0.72
150 / 06 169
0.688
0.663
0.316
0.14
0.40
0.93
0.93
200 / 08 219
0.842
0.949
0.474
0.21
0.55
1.10
1.10
250 / 10 273
1.02
1.38
0.690
0.26
0.79
1.40
1.40
300 / 12 324
1.18
1.85
0.925
0.40
0.97
1.80
1.80
350 / 14 356
1.28
2.17
1.085
0.43
1.17
2.31
2.31
400 / 16 406
1.43
2.75
1.375
0.48
1.42
2.90
2.90
450 / 18 457
1.60
3.41
1.71
0.54
1.70
3.60
3.60
500 / 20 508
1.75
4.10
2.05
0.59
2.05
4.40
4.40
Figures based upon single items – per square metre of Armaflex sheet.
87
Quantity of Armaflex sheet for pipework fittings Guidance notes: • Flange and valve estimates relate to PN.16 Table (f) product type. No allowance has been made for the flange/valve body length to be increased for maintenance. • 90 degree bends based upon standard BS standard long radius product type. • 45 degree bends based upon standard BS standard radius product type. • The equal T length is based on being 200mm long. • Estimates are based upon the fabrication techniques contained in this manual. No margin has been allowed for any waste product. It is the responsibility of the customer to allow for such margin during the estimation process.
88
Quantity of Armaflex tube for pipework fittings To determine the quantity of pipework fittings that can be achieved using Armaflex tube product. For nominal ID bore pipework size range: 12 – 100mm Pipe size ID OD
90° Elbow
45° Elbow
2+1 Bend segments
2+2 Bend segments
3+2 Bend segments
T-Piece
Reducer
012 015
5
7
5
4
5
10
10
015 022
5
7
5
4
5
10
10
020 028
5
7
5
4
5
10
10
025 035
5
7
5
4
3
10
10
032 042
5
6
5
4
3
10
10
040 048
5
6
5
4
3
7
7
050 060
4
6
4
3
3
7
7
065 076
4
6
4
3
2
5
5
080 089
4
5
4
3
2
5
5
100 114
3
5
3
2
2
5
5
Figures based upon single items – per metre of Armaflex tube.
89
Quantity of Armaflex tube for pipework fittings Guidance notes: • All fittings with the exception of T’s and reducers have a throat length of 50mm. • All quantity totals above are complete totals, with a very small amount of waste product. However, these small amounts can be used to fabricate fittings as required. • All fittings with the exception of T’s and reducers are based upon angle cuts of 90°, 45°, 22.5° and 11.25°. Examples are based upon the fabrication techniques contained in this manual and the templates on each Armaflex tube carton. • The above figures should be used for estimation only. No responsibility can be taken for fabrications produced by our customers that do not match these quantities.
90
Armaflex fabrication and installation – tube & sheet products Labour installation time norms – including adhesive and tack time for single items. Pipe size ID
Metre run: mins
Elbow
90° bend
45° bend
T-piece
Reducer
Valve on site
Flange bench made
D.Box
12 ●
6
3
N/A
3
3
3
5●
10 ■
N/A
25 ●
6
3
N/A
3
3
3
5●
10 ■
N/A
32 ●
6
3
N/A
3
3
3
5●
10 ■
N/A
40 ●
6
3
N/A
3
3
3
5●
10 ■
N/A
50 ●
6
N/A
10 (2+1)
4
4
5
15 ■
10 ■
10 ■
65 ●
6
N/A
13 (2+2)
5
4
6
20 ■
15 ■
15 ■
80 ●
8
N/A
8■
4
4
6
20 ■
15 ■
15 ■
100 ●
9
N/A
10 ■
5
5
10 ■
30 ■
20 ■
20 ■
150 ■
12
N/A
15 ■
8
15 ■
15 ■
40 ■
25 ■
30 ■
200 ■
15
N/A
20 ■
10
20 ■
20 ■
50 ■
30 ■
40 ■
● = in tube material ■ = in sheet material
91
Armaflex fabrication and installation – tube & sheet products Guidance notes: • Based on single items, maximum working height of 2 metres above floor level. Times can be reduced if fitting covers are mass produced. • Based on 8-hour day. • Based on labour having high levels of experience working with Armaflex products. • Working with the correct type of tools and equipment. • Time evaluations are inclusive of the allowance for tack time of the Armaflex adhesive before bonding. • Fabrication and installation methods based upon Armaflex guidelines contained in this manual, and demonstrated at training programmes relating to the application of Armaflex sheet and tube products.
92
• The figures quoted should be used only as guidance. The stated figures have been obtained from application experience. However, Armacell UK takes no responsibility for fabrications produced by our customers that do not match these quantities.
Notes:
All statements and technical information are based on results obtained under typical conditions. It is the responsibility of the recipient to verify with Armacell UK Ltd. that the information is appropriate for the specific use intended by the recipient. The examples and methods shown in this manual are general suggestions which make no claim to be either complete or binding, since local installation conditions may vary. As we are unable to exert any influence on the actual installation work, we only provide a warranty covering satisfactory and consistent quality of our insulating material in accordance with our published technical data. Reproduction or copying of this manual either wholly or in part is permitted only with our express permission.
INSTALLATION MANUAL
Armacell UK Limited. Mars Street, Oldham, Lancs. OL9 6LY Tel 0161 287 7100 · Fax 0161 633 2685 www.armacell.com ·
[email protected] Copyright: Armacell UK Limited
Printed in the UK 000-005-1201-GB (GB)
