Aritmética - Pamer-Compendio

 

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• • • • •

Gs io adbporoaeñf gftrg lds aoftelolgs, io besbo qug sg gstomigag o trovås lg lds dpgroaedfgs botgbïteaos id auoi lgtgrbefo ios lds aiosgs lg rozdfgs.

Io rozñf rozñf ngdbåt ngdbåtreao reao lg o y m gs =/>. =/>. "o" gs gs o "m" adbd = gs o >. >. "o" y "m" sdf sdf gftrg gftrg sâ adbd = gs o >. >. "o" y "m" "m" gstïf gstïf gf io io rgioaeñf rgioaeñf lg = o >. [dr aolo = ufelolgs ufelolgs lg "o" joy > ufelolgs ufelolgs lg lg "m".

 O. ]ozñf oretbåteao Gs io adbporoaeñf lg lds aoftelolgs bgleoftg ufo

le`grgfaeo. Qgof o y m ids føbgrds, adf o boydr qug m, tgfgbds8

]gaugrlo8  O porter lg oquâ gf olgiof olgioftg tg oi tårbe tårbefd fd rozñf y fd gspgae`aor lg qug aiosg gs, jomiorgbds lg io rozñf ngdbåtreao

o‑m2r Ldflg8 o 8 Oftgaglgftg m 8 Adfsgaugftg r 8 voidr lg io rozñf

A. Qgregs Qgregs lg rozdfgs ngdbåtre ngdbåtreaos aos gquevoigft gquevoigftgs gs (Q]NG) Gs uf adfhuftd lg rozdfgs tdlos enuoigs gftrg sâ qug pdsggf gi besbd voidr gi auoi sg adfvegrtg gf gi voidr lg tdlo io sgreg.

Ghgbpid8 Qe Oighoflro tegfg ?; oÿds y su jgrbofo Borâo tegfg : oÿds sg puglg gstomigagr qug io rozñf oretbåteao lg sus glolgs gs =, gs lgaer8

o a b 2 2 ... 2  2 c  m l f

?; ‑ : 2 = Id auoi rgprgsgfto qug8 • Borâo gs gxaglelo gxaglelo pdr Oighoflr Oighoflro o gf = oÿds. • Oighof Oighoflro lro gxag gxaglg lg o Borâo gf = oÿds. • Oighof Oighoflro lro gs boydr boydr qug Borâo gf = oÿds.

[rdpeglolgs

M. ]ozñf ]ozñf ngdb ngdbåtr åtreao eao Gs io adbporoaeñf lg lds aoftelolgs bgleoftg io leveseñf lg leajos aoftelolgs. Qgof o y m ids føbgrds, gftdfags8 o  2 c  m

Ldflg8 o 8 Oftgaglgftg c 8 voidr lg io rozñf

o +  a +  ... +  b  2 c  m +  l +  ... +  f

 •

o Þ  a Þ  ... Þ  b  2 c  m Þ  l Þ  ... Þ  f

o

8 F.» lg rozdfgs

o

Qgreg lg ]ozdfgs Ngdbåtreaos Gquevoigftgs Adftefuos

m8 Adfsgaugftg

o m a 2 2  2 c  m a l

Ghgbpid8

Ldflg8

Io gxprgseñf o 2 =  efleao d rgprgsgfto8 m >

QOF BO]ADQ

•

a 2 lc 3

?

m 2 lc =  3

o 2 lc 1

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o m 2 m a

Gs gi rgsuitold lg tgfgr lds rozdfgs lg io besbo aiosg qug tegfgf enuoi voidr voidr.. [uglgf sgr8

o y a 8 gxtrgbds a 8 tgragro prdpdraedfoi m 8 bgleo prdpdraedfoi

 O. [rdpdraeñf oretbåteao oretbåteao • Les Lesarg argto to

Auofld ids tårbefds bgleds sdf le`grgftgs gftrg sâ.

[rdpdraeñf Oretbåteao

o‑m2a‑l o y l 8 gxtrgbds m y a 8 bgleds l 8 auorto le`grgfaeoi

Lesargto

Adftefuo

  Gxtrgbds

  Gxtrgbds

o‑m2a‑l

o‑m2m‑a

Bgleds

Bgleds

• Adf Adftef tefuo uo

Auofld ids tårbefds bgleds sdf enuoigs.

l8 auorto le`grgfaeoi lg m8 bgleo le`grgfaeoi lg o, m y a.

o‑m2m‑a

o y a. m2

o y a 8 gxtrgbds a 8 tgragro le`grgfaeoi m 8 bgleo le`grgfaeoi

o +  a =

a8 \gragro le`grgfaeoi lg o y m.

M. [rdp [rdpdrae draeñf ñf ngdb ngdbåtre åtreao ao

[rdpdraeñf Ngdbåtreao Lesargto Adftefuo

• Les Lesarg argto to

Gs auofld ids tårbefds bgleds sdf le`grgftgs gftrg sâ.

o a o m  2  2 m l m a l8 Auorto prdpdraedfoi lg m8 Bgleo prdpdraedfoi o, m y a. lg o y a.

o a 2 m l o y l 8 gxtrgbds m y a 8 bgleds l 8 auorto prdpdraedfoi

m 2 o.a a8 \gragro prdpdraedfoi lg o y m

• Adf Adftef tefuo uo

Auofld ids tårbefds bgleds sdf enuoigs.

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[rdmigbo ? Io subo lg lds føbgrds gxaglg gf 10 o su le`grgfaeo. Qe gi bgfdr gs rgspgatd lgi boydr adbd 1 gs o :, gi føbgrd boydr gs8  O)