Aqua SILENCER

GUIDED BY: SREEJITH P Asst. Professor Dept. of Mechanical engg

PRESENTED BY ABIN A KUMAR ROLL N0-03 ME-S7 1

CONTENTS  Introduction.  Construction.  Parts of Aqua silencer.  Working principle.  Effects of dissolved gases on water.  Methods to control water pollution.  Lime water wash method.  Limitations of lime water wash method.  Absorption process.  Advantages of absorption process.  Conclusion.  References.

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INTRODUCTION  The main pollutants contribute by automobiles are (CO), (Nox) and Lead etc.,  Other sources such as electric power generating stations, industrial and domestic fuel consumption , refuse burning, industrial processing.  An aqua silencer is an attempt in this direction, it is mainly dealing with control of emission and noise

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1. Mountings 2. Filler Plug 3. Charcoal Layer 4. Perforated Tube 5. Wire Mesh 6. Drain Plug

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AQUA SILENCER  Basically an aqua silencer consists of a perforated tube which is installed at the end of the exhaust pipe.

 Around the circumference of the perforated tube a layer of activated charcoal is provided and further a metallic mesh covers it.

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 water container.  A small opening is at the top of the container to remove the exhaust gases & a drain plug is provided at the bottom of the container for periodically cleaning of container.  Also a filler plug is mounted at the top of the container.

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WORKING  As the exhaust gases enter into the Aqua silencer, the perforated tube converts high mass bubbles in to low mass bubbles  After passing over the charcoal layer some of the gases may dissolved in to the water and finally the exhaust gases escape through the opening in to the atmosphere

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The water is a good absorbing medium. In aqua silencer the gases are made to be dissolved in water. When these gases dissolved in water they form acids, carbonates, bicarbonates etc.,  Action of dissolved SO2  Action of dissolved CO2  Effect of dissolved NOx

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Action of dissolved SO2  It form SO3, SO4, H2SO4, H2SO3, i.e. sulfuricAcid (H2SO3,), it forms Hydrogen Sulphide which causes foul rotten egg smell, acidify and corrosion of metals.

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Effect of dissolved NOx  Under goes Oxidation to form ammonia, Nitrate, Nitrite, Nitric acid. This synthesis of protein and amino acids is effected by Nitrogen.

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Action of dissolved CO2  Forms bicarbonate at lower PH and Carbonates at higher PH. The form a scale in pipes and boilers.

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 Lime water wash method.  Absorption process.

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• The water is treated with the calculated quantities of slaked lime. • Lime can neutralize any acid present in the water. • The precipitates dissolved carbon dioxide as calcium carbonate and converts bicarbonate ions into carbonates..

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Ca(OH)2 + SO2. .. .. .. . CaSO3 + H2o Neutralizes any acid present in water 2HCL + Ca(OH)2..........Cacl2 + 2H2 H2SO4 + Ca (OH)2........... CaSo4 + 2H20 Precipitates carbonate as calcium carbonate CO2 + Ca(OH)2........CaCO3+2H2O

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Precipitates bicarbonate as calcium carbonate Ca(HCO3)2 + 2Ca (OH)2......... 2CaCO3 + 2H20

Converts bicarbonate ions (Like NaHCO3, KHCO3 etc.) into carbonates . NaHCO3 + Ca(OH)2............ CaCO3 + H20 + Na2 CO3

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LIMITATIONS OF LIME WATER WASH METHOD  Amount of neutralization capacity is limited  It is very difficult to handle  form are formed  Lime in any form is difficult to handle

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ABSORPTION PROCESS

 Activated charcoal is used. As it is highly porous and possess free valencies.

 The activated carbon, usually in the powdered form is added to the water either before or after the coagulation with sedimentation.

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 It increases the coagulation power of the process.  The excessive dose of activated carbon is not harmful.  The treatment process is very simple and it requires nearly no skill.  The efficiency of removing color, odour and taste is quite high.  It has excellent properties of attracting gases.

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ADVANTAGES OF AQUA SILENCER • Efficiency of the vehicle is increased. • Fuel consumption is less when compared to ordinary vehicle.

• Less pollution.

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DISADVANTAGES • Additional cost is required. • Additional space is required to install this arrangement in vehicles.

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APPLICATIONS • All diesel and petrol engines.

• Automobile applications.

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CONCLUSION  It is more effective in the reduction of emission gases from the engine

 exhaust using perforated tube and charcoal  By using perforated tube the fuel consumption remains same as conventional system.

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 By using water as a medium the sound can be lowered and also by using activated charcoal in water we can control the exhaust emission to a greater level  It is smokeless and pollution free emission and also it is very cheap.

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REFERENCE • Internal Combustion of Engines - M. L. Mathur R. P. Sharma . • Environmental Pollution Analysis - Khopkar • Engg. Chemistry - Jain & Jain

• United states residue patent –exhaust gas purification system of internal combustion engine

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Thank You !!!!

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Queries ???

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