Apuntes Jameson

 

SKFYCTQFHJH KJAFLKJE JSXÑKL@J HC @ÆRFAL ^TLGTJ@J HC ^LQGTJHL CK AFCKAFJQ ^LEÀXFAJQ V QLAFJECQ @JCQXTÀJ CK AL@SKFAJAF AL@SKFAJAFÑK ÑK XCLTÀJQ ALKXC@^LTÊKCJQ QLDTC AL@SKFAJAFÑK F

JECMJKHTL ÊYFEJ BSCTXJ SKFHJH XTCQ= EJ AL@SKFAJAFÑK CK EJ JEXJ @LHCTKFHJH

Irch Irchrf rfaa Mj Mj`c `csl slk. k. ^l ^ls` s`lh lhcr crkf kfs` s`ll y sl slaf afch chjh jh hc alks alksu` u`l, l, ck Bj Bjee Ilst Ilstcr cr (c (chf hftl tlr) r),,  Ej  pls`lhcrkfhjh . Cspjúj= Ojfrñs, :622.

^TCKQJ TLQJ=

(Ck ce pls`lhcrkfs`l) sc hfiu`fkj ej vfcmj hfstfkafñk cktrc aueturj supcrflr y aueturj plpuejr l hc `jsjs. (p. :99)

CQXSHFLQ EGDXXXF=

Skj fkhfajafñk djstjktc hficrcktc hc cstj hcsjpjrfafñk hc ejs jktfgujs ajtcglràjs hc gækcrl y hfsaursl puchc ckalktrjrsc ck el quc jblrj j vcacs sc eej`j tclràj alktc`plrêkcj. (p. :97)

@LYF@FCKXL EGDXXXF=

(^ls`lhcrkfs`l) cs uk alkmuktl pcrflhfzjhlr auyj iukafñk cs ej hc alrrcejaflkjr ej c`crgckafj hc kucvls rjsgls ilr`jecs ck ej aueturj alk ej c`crgckafj hc uk kucvl tfpl hc vfhj slafje y uk kucvl lrhck calkñ`fal. (Fd.)

Xlhls els rjsgls (hce pls`lhcrkfs`l) kl slk kucvls, bjk ajrjatcrfzjhl ce `lhcrkfs`l supcrflr  (...) Ejs rupturjs rjhfajecs cktrc pcrflhls kl suceck alkeecvjr aj`dfls al`pectls hc alktckfhl, sfkl

 

ej rccstruaturjafñk hc afcrtl ký`crl hc cec`cktls yj hjhls (...) Ce `lhcrkfs`l `ês aeêsfal crj uk jrtc hc lplsfafñk (...) Cktrctjktl, cs `uy plal el quc bjy tjktl ck ej ilr`j al`l ck ce alktckfhl hce jrtc alktc`plrêkcl quc ec pjrczaj j ej slafchjh fktlecrjdec y csajkhjelsl. (p. :21-:28)

Hcspuæs hc ej Qcgukhj Gucrrj @ukhfje, c`pczñ j c`crgcr ukj kucvj aejsc hc slafchjh, kucvls tfpls hc alksu`l, hcsusl pejkfifajhl hc els ldmctls, ej pckctrjafñk hc ej pudefafhjh y els `chfls hc al`ukfajafñk hc `jsjs bjstj uk grjhl jblrj sfk pjrjecel ck ej slafchjh, ej sustftuafñk hc ej jktfguj tcksfñk cktrc ej afuhjh y ce aj`pl, ce acktrl y ej prlvfkafj, plr ce sudurdfl y ej ukfilr`fzjafñk ukfvcrsje. (p. :23)

Irchrfa Mj`cslk. Ejs sc`feejs hce hce tfc`pl. Cspjúj= Xrlttj, 4>>>. @LYF@FCKXL EGDXXXF=

Ce tær`fkl (plst`lhcrkl) y sus vjrfls sustjktfvls pjrcack bjdcr cvleuaflkjhl bjstj alkvcrtfrsc ck hfvcrsjs cxprcsflkcs pjrtfhfstjs pjrtfhfstjs hc vjelr, ajsf sfc`prc pjrj jifr`jr l rcpuhfjr cstj l jquceej vcrsfñk hce peu peurje rjefs` fs`l. l. ^crl cstjs cstjs hfsaus hfsausflk flkcs cs hfs hfsaur aurrck rck `cmlr `cmlr ck tær`fk tær`fkls ls slafje slafjecs cs alkarc alkarctls tls.. Ce  plst`lhcrkfs`l al`l fhclelgàj (...) sc ajptj `cmlr al`l uk sàktl`j hc els aj`dfls cstruaturjecs `ês prliukhls quc tfckck eugjr ck kucstrj slafchjh y su aueturj al`l uk tlhl, l hfabl alk ltrjs  pjejdrjs= ck ce `lhl hc prlhuaafñk. prlhuaafñk. (p. ::)

Mcjk Djuhrfeejrh. Ce æxtjsfs hc ej al`ukfajafñk, ck Bje Ilstcr (chftlr), lp. aft . ^TCKQJ TLQJ=

Alk ej f`jgck tcecvfsfvj (...) kucstrl prlpfl aucrpl y tlhl ce ukfvcrsl afraukhjktc sc alkvfcrtck ck ukj pjktjeej hc alktrle. (p. :22)

 

(Ej) pærhfhj hc cspjafl pýdefal tfckc eugjr je `fs`l tfc`pl quc ej pærhfhj hc cspjafl prfvjhl. Skl yj kl cs uk cspcatêauel, ce ltrl yj kl cs uk scarctl. Qu lplsfafñk hfstfktfvj, ej aejrj hficrckafj hc uk cxtcrflr y uk fktcrflr hcsarfdàjk cxjatj`cktc ej csackj hl`æstfaj hc els ldmctls (...) Jblrj cstj lplsfafñk sc hfeuyc ck ukj cspcafc hc ldsackfhjh hlkhc els prlacsls `ês àktf`ls hc kucstrj vfhj sc alkvfcrtck ck ce tcrrckl vfrtuje hce quc sc jef`cktjk els `chfls hc al`ukfajafñk (...) ^lr ce alktrjrfl, tlhl ce ukfvcrsl eecgj j hcspecgjrsc jrdftrjrfj`cktc ck kucstrj pjktjeej hl`æstfaj. (p. :64-:61)

Cstc ukfvcrsl prfvjhl crj jefckjktc bjstj ce cxtrc`l hc quc ec scpjrjdj j ukl hc els hc`ês (...) pcrl tj`dfæk alscabjdj els dckcifafls sf`dñefals hc ej jefckjafñk, quc alksfstc ck ej cxfstckafj hce Ltrl, y csj ltrchjh puchc ckgjújrtc pjrj dfck l pjrj `je. Jsà ej slafchjh hc alksu`l vfvàj tj`dfæk djml ce sfgkl hc ej jefckjafñk, al`l ukj slafchjh hce cspcatêauel. ^crl prcafsj`cktc `fcktrjs bjy jefckjafñk bjy cspcatêauel (...) Ce cspcatêauel kukaj cs ldsackl. Ej ldsackfhjh al`fckzj aujkhl (...) tlhl quchj cxpucstl j ej euz êspcrj c fkcxlrjdec hc ej fkilr`jafñk y ej al`ukfajafñk. (p. :61)

Ce `cksjmc quc els ldmctls trjks`ftck plr su `chfjafñk yj cstê sf`pefifajhl ck cxtrc`l y cs sfc`prc ce `fs`l= su vjelr hc fktcraj`dfl. (p. :68)

@LYF@FCKXL EGDXXXF=

Ajhj sfstc`j, fkaeufhl sfk huhj ce ukfvcrsl hl`æstfal, ilr`j ukj cspcafc hc kfabl caleñgfal hlkhc el csckafje cs `jktckcr `jktckcr uk hcalrjhl hcalrjhl rcejaflkje, rcejaflkje, hlkhc tlhls tlhls els tær`fkls hcdck al`ukfajrsc al`ukfajrsc alktfkuj`cktc cktrc sà y pcr`jkcacr ck alktjatl, fkilr`jhls hc ej alkhfafñk rcspcatfvj hc els hc`ês y hce sfstc`j al`l uk tlhl, hlkhc ej lpjafhjh, ej rcsfstckafj l ce scarctl hc uk slel tær`fkl  puchc eecvjr j ej ajtêstrlic. ajtêstrlic. (p. :26)

Ej cxprcsfñk cs efdrc, pcrl yl sly `ckls efdrc quc jktcs= yj kl alksfgl sjdcr el quc qufcrl? ce cspjafl cstê tjk sjturjhl y tjk grjkhc cs ej prcsfñk hc tlhls els quc qufcrck bjacrsc làr. (p. :63)

TC^TCQCKXJAFLKCQ QLAFJECQ=

Vj kl ilr`j`ls pjrtc hce hrj`j hc ej jefckjafñk? vfvf`ls ck ce æxtjsfs hc ej al`ukfajafñk, y cstc æxtjsfs cs ldsackl. El ldsackl cs el quc jajdj alk tlhl cspcml, tlhj `frjhj, tlhj f`jgck. El ldsackl plkc ifk j tlhj rcprcscktjafñk. (p. :61)

 

Cs ce ifk hc ej fktcrflrfhjh y ej fktf`fhjh, ej cxacsfvj cxplsfafñk y trjkspjrckafj hce `ukhl el quc ec jtr jtrjvf jvfcs csjj sfk ldstêau ldstêauel. el. Vj kl puchc puchc prl prlhua huafr fr els eà`ftcs eà`ftcs hc su prlpf prlpfl l scr scr,, yj kl puchc puchc csackfifajrsc k prlhuafrsc al`l cspcml. Jblrj cs sñel ukj purj pjktjeej, uk acktrl hc hfstrfduafñk  pjrj tlhjs ejs rchcs hc fkieuckafj. fkieuckafj. (p. :69-:67)

Mcjk Mcj k Dju Djuhrf hrfeej eejrh. rh. Zufæk pfcks pfcksjj j quf qufæk. æk. Ce `uk `ukhl hl cs qufck kls pfc pfcksj, ksj, ck Aj`fkls hce   pcksj`fcktl= bjafj kucvls kucvls eckgujmcs. SKCQAL, 4>>>.

CQXSHFLQ EGDXXXF=

Ejs hf`cksflkcs hc kucstrl `ukhl eej`jhl ―rcje‐, al`prckhfhjs ejs hce tfc`pl, hce cspjafl, hc ej hctcr`fkjafñk, hc ej rcprcscktjafñk, plr el tjktl hce pcksj`fcktl aràtfal y rciecxfvl slk ckgjúlsjs (...) Bjac `uabl tfc`pl yj quc sc bj vleajhl ck ej sf`uejafñk, sfk sjdcrel. (p. 9:)

Vj kl cs el bu`jkl qufck pfcksj je `ukhl, cs el fkbu`jkl qufck kls pfcksj. Qñel plhc`ls jsfr ce `ukhl j pjrtfr hc (...) ldmctls y hc bfpñtcsfs quc fktcrprctjk pjrj klsltrls ce pjpce hc iucrzjs jtrjatfvjs cxtrjújs. (p. 91)

Gf Gfjk jkkf kf Yj Yjtt ttf` f`l. l. ^l ^ls` s`lh lhcr crkf kfhj hjh= h= ¼ukj ¼ukj slaf slafch chjh jh tr trjk jksp spjr jrck cktc tc>>. HFYCTQFHJH QCRSJE=

Ce `ukhl hc ejs al`ukfajaflkcs gckcrjefzjhjs sc ajrjatcrfzj ck pjrtfauejr plr ce alksu`l hc rcjefhjh (...) Qf qufsfærj`ls scr prlvlajtfvls hfràj`ls quc ej rcjefhjh mj`ês bj sfhl rcje. Qfk c`djrgl, pjrcaàj `ês rcje aujkhl sñel bjdàj ukj vfsfñk hl`fkjktc hce `ukhl (p. 462)

Ej rcjefhjh cs ce prlhuatl hc ukj fktcrjaafñk c fktcrprctjaflkcs, quc ck ej jatujefhjh sc bj vucetl `ês cxpeàaftj y `ês al`pecmj. (p. 466)

J trjvæs hc els `chfls, uk Xcracr @ukhl bàdrfhl ck grjk pjrtc cs kcacsjrfj`cktc alksafcktc hc ej  peurjefhjh. Jquà cs hlkhc rcsfhc ej j`ckjzj= cstls `ukhls, pjrafje`cktc f`prcgkjhls hc trjhfaflkcs, sc ckaucktrjk fkvjhfhls plr ej peurjefhjh. (p. 1>:)

 

Ce ablquc hc aueturjs cs, hcshc eucgl, ukj aucstfñk aucstfñk hc hfspjrfhjh calkñ`faj (...) Cs fkceuhfdec quc ej peurjefzjafñk hæ eugjr j afcrtj fkqufctuh cspfrftuje quc sñel sc puchc supcrjr rcaurrfckhl je tfpl hc bfdrfhjafñk quc hcsarfdc Kæstlr Gjraàj Ajkaefkf (...) Els fkhfvfhuls plhrêk hcsaudrfr ukj kucvj jprlxf`jafñk j ej fhcktfhjh, kl j trjvæs hc ej pcrtckckafj j cstruaturjs rldustjs, sfkl plr `chfl hc ej jhbcsfñk j vjelrcs cspfrftujecs. (p. 1>:)

@fabce @fa bce @jiic @jiicsle slef. f. ^ls ^lst`l t`lhcr hcrkfh kfhjh. jh. Ejs arfpt arfptjs js hc ej vfh vfhj, j, ck  Cspjafl jdfcrtl. Aujhcrkl vckczlejkl hc slaflelgàj.

Yleu`ck :3, ký`crls : y 4, ckcrl-mukfl, p. 16:-8>4. Jslafjafñk

Yckczlejkj hc Qlaflelgàj= Yckczucej, 4>>9. @LYF@FCKXL EGDXXXF=

Bjy rchukhjkafj ck tlhls els ickñ`ckls slafjecs alkstftutfvls hc ej vfhj altfhfjkj, jsà al`l ck ejs hfvcrsjs ―ecaaflkcs‐ hc ukj `fs`j bfstlrfj quc els bfstlrfjhlrcs hc ejs rcefgflkcs ckaucktrjk ck els `ftls. Hc jeeà ej f`plsfdfefhjh hc jkjefzjrels dusajkhl sus ajusjs, l jprcafjrels ck iukafñk hc ukj ifkjefhjh sf`pec`cktc rjaflkje, el quc trjc scrfjs alkscauckafjs pjrj kucstrj al`prcksfñk hc csls `fs`ls ickñ`ckls. p. 163

Ej cxp cxpefa efajaf jafñk ñk kl cs lp lpcrj crjtlr tlrfj fj ck cstc cstc ajs ajsl. l. Ce ―plrqu ―plrquæ‐ æ‐ sc tlrkj tlrkj ukj prcguk prcguktj tj jds jdstrj trjatj atj,, ýkfaj`cktc ce ―añ`l‐, ej hcsarfpafñk ickl`ckleñgfaj puchc scrkls hc utfefhjh. Ej vfhj altfhfjkj kl cs tr trfd fdut utjr jrfj fj hc ej sf sf`p `pec ec rj rjzñ zñk. k. Cs al alkv kvck ckfc fckt ktcc f`pe f`pefa fajr jrec ec ce mucg mucgl l hc els els jica jicatl tls, s, ej f`prcvfsfdfefhjh hce bu`lr, fkaeusl ce jspcatl ijatuje hc els j`dfcktcs, sfk levfhjr ce æxftl quc kl hcmj hc tckcr j ejrgl pejzl ej `c`lrfj alecatfvj quc plr schf`cktjaflkcs suacsfvjs bjk alkstftufhl ce scktf`fcktl hc pcrtckckafj prlpfl hce bcabl al`ukftjrfl. p. 163.