Appendicitis Case Study

c cc



c




?
   

m

     ?      m
  


 
  ?

 
    

ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY Digestive system c c c c c c c c c c c c c c
c
c   c

c ccc  cc  cc  c
c

 ccc cc c
ccccc c
 ccc
cccc c c
cc c

cc c
 ccc cc  cc
c   c  cc
c 
cc  ccccc
cc  cc c c c

c
c c
c   c

c c

 cc c  cc 
c cc
c
cc
c c ccc
c  cc
c cc c
c cc c   c
 cc
c    c!

"c The start of the process - the mouth:c
c   c

c  cc
c
c#c c c cc c
c

cc
 cc c
c
ccc   c$  c
 c $  ccc c
c   c  cccc 
 cc c cc

On the way to the stomach: the esophaguscc%c c
cc c
cc  c
c 
  c
c 
  c cc cc
c cc
c
cc
c 
cc   c

c c c  cc   ccccc
c
cc 
c 
c
 c c c   c c
c ccccc c
c&c  cc In the stomachcc
c 
c cc c c c
c
 c
ccc
 cccc  c  cc  cc#cc
c 
c
c c c  ccc
c


c c cc
cc In the small intestinecc%c cc
c 
cc c
cc
c ccc 
c c cc
c c
c''cc
c
cc
cccc
c c  cc
c c cccc
c cc cc
c cc c$  cc
c   c$  cc c
cccc
c c  c
cc
ccccc In the large intestinecc%c

 c

c
c c cc

 cc
c c  cc
c c c cc
ccc  c
 cc cc  cc
cc c cccBacteroidescLactobacillus acidophilusc Escherichia coliccKlebsiellacc
c c c
cc
c  c

c
c cc c
c c c cc
cc
cc ccc
cc#c
c   ccc
c  cc
cc  c

c
ccc
c  c c  ccc
c
c cc
c cc
c  ccc
c

c
c

 ccc The end of the processcc(c c c
c cc
cccc cc c
c cc    c( c)

 "c abdomencc
ccc
c c
c c
c   c  cc
c c
 c c c
c
 cc
c  c

alimentary canalcc
c

 c

c

cc

 c c
c
c 
  c


c  cc c anuscc
c cc
ccc
c   c

cc

c c c c
c c appendixccc c ccc
cc ascending coloncc
ccc
c c c
cc cc ccc
cc bileccc   c
c
c ccc
c c cc
c ccc c c
c c c cecumcc
c ccc
c c c
cc ccc
cc chymecccc
c 
c
c c c  ccc
c 
c c*
c  c cc
c c cc
c  c descending coloncc
ccc
c c c
cc cc
c  cc cc
c  cc digestive systemcc cc
c   ccc)cc
c

cc
c c
c 

 ccc  ccc c duodenumcc
c ccc
c c cc c*
cc cc
c 
cc
c ''c epiglottiscc
ccc
ccc
c c
c c
ccc  cc
c cc
c c+
c c c
c  c c  c+
c c 
c
c  c c c
ccc ccccc
cc esophaguscc
c ccc
c
cc
c 
cc  c

c c   cc   ccccc
c
cc
c 
c gall bladderccc c c cc c
ccc  cc  ccc    c
c

c ccc
c cc
c c c gastrointestinal tractcc cc
c)ccc   c

c
c

cc
c c
c 

 ccc  ccc c ileumcc
c ccc
c c cc
c c c  c intestinescc
ccc
c cccc
c 
cc
c c jejunumcc
c cc cc
c c cc cc
ccc
c c

liverccc c cc ccccc
c 
cc c cc
cc c cc

c cc cc cc c mouthcc
c ccc
c   c

c
cc c
c c*
 cc   c $  cc
c
cc
c  cc
c   c

c cc
cc pancreasccc$  c ccc
c 
cc c
c  c ,$  cc
c c
cc
c  cc
 c cc cc
c c  c peristalsiscc

c c  c
cccc
c 
  cc
c
cc 
c 
c!   c c  cc ccccc c c
c c ccc cc
c c rectumcc
cccc
c c c
c cc cc
 ccc salivary glandscc  ccc
c
c
cc  c( c c$  c
c cc
 c 
cc c c sigmoid coloncc
ccc
c c cc
c  ccc
cc stomachccc c c c
c c
cc
c 
  c-
c
cc 
c  c ccc
c 
c+
cc c
c 
cc c
cc c
cc cc$  c transverse coloncc
ccc
c c c
c c
$ c

c
cc c

APPENDIX c c c c c c c c c c c c c c
cc cccccc
c
 c c
c
 ccc 
c c %

c & c  c c c  c 
c ..c 
c c c c c  c . c.cc
c c
cc  c cc  c  c/c
 c   c  c 
c 
c c
 c c 
c c

c c c  cc
 cc 
  c
c
 ccc cc
ccccc  c
c c  & c  ccc  cc  cc c
c c
 cc c   c cc  ccc  ccccc c c  c

Diagram /cc #c

% c

c#c % c

c

)c

0 ccc c
c  c 
cc cc

* cc  ccc  cc cc

1 cc

cc
cc

 /c c  cc
c
c cc
cc
 c  c
c cccc

 c

0 cc
c 
c
 c
c
c  ccc c
cc  c  cc

2ccc  cc cc c 
 c
cccc
c 
   c
 c
ccc


ccc
ccc
 c cc cccc

c c

c %c ccccc c 
cc

%c ccccc c 
cc

 cc*cccc

(cc c

c

!cc
c 123cc c

Fever

Nausea and Vomiting

ccc % c

2

cc c

Constip ation

Appendicitis c
cc cc c c cc45cc6c c
c c
cc 
cc' cc
cc  c
cc c
ccc c  cc 
c c - c c  c  c c  c c  c c 
c c  c c c  cc c c ccc c

c

cPATHOPHYSIOLOGY of APPENDICITIS
c c 
 c c   c  c c 
c  c c c  c  c c 
c c   c c  c c

 ccc cc cc c  c  c c c   c  c c c c
c c  c

c

0 c c 
c c c  c 
c  c  
c c  c c c c  c' c ccc c c 

c 

c   c 
c c c 
c c c c  c /c  c  c c 
c 
c c c 
c c 
 c   c 
c c c c

c 

 c
 c c c  c c
c  c c 
c  
c 
 c 
c 
c  ccc c
cc  c cc1cc  cc
c cc
cc c
c
cc  cccccc cc c c cccc  cc
cc cc
cc
 ccccc
cc  c c cc
cc
ccc
ccc
 c ccccc c/cccc
c c  cc
cccc ccc
c   cc
c78c
 cc
cccc c  c
c

c c  c
 c  c c   c c c c 
c c ! c c  c 
c  c 
c c  c c c c 
c 
c c   c %c c c c 
c c  c c c c 

c  c c  c
c c c 
c c 
c cc c  cc
c cc
c cc  c  c   c cc

c

c c c c c c c c c

c c

Signs and symptoms of appendicitis may include: •c

%
 cc
c  cc c ccc
 cc cc
cc

•c

!c
c c
c c  c
 c

•c •c



c
c c
c c c

cc cc
cc (
ccc cc
cc
c c
c
cc c

ccc
c 
c

c c9 c cc

c

•c

!c
c  cc c
cccc
c' c  c

•c

/ c

•c

è c

•c

2

ccc

•c

2 c c

•c

* c

•c

 cc

c  c

•c •c


c %c  c

c c

CLINICAL MANIFESTATION OF APPENDICITISc c
c c

c c  c  c c c
c c  c c  c  c c  c $c
c ccccc c! c$cc c c
 ccc  c c c
c c  c c c  c 
c c
c c  c c c c c
c
c cccc
ccc
cc ccc
ccc
c c 
c c c c c 
c
c c 
c c c c 
c c %c c c  c

c c  c  c 

c c c 

c  c  

c c  c c  c  c/ cc  c c ccccc c c % ccc  cc c

c
ccc cc  cc 
cc
c cc
ccc
ccc
cc0c
cc  c c 
c c 
  c c 
c c c $c  c c c c c ) c 
 c c  c c 
c c c 
c 
c
c c c 
c  c c
c c

c  c c c c *
 c - - & c c c 
c c  c c c  c

c
cc
cc c c c c
cc cc 
cc cc c c c c

CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONSc :cccc2c
c9cc  cc c c c cc  c  c :cccc%c- ; ccc
 cc
c cc
cc cc
c cc

c
c

cc c  cc
cccc
c
c c  c :cccc1c

c cc cccc ccc

c  c  cccc cc
c :cccc1  ; c  cc c ccc9c

c c  ccc 
cc9c :cccccc cc cc cc c  cc  c ccc  c c

COMPLICATION OF APPENDICITISc c
c c9ccc c cc!cc
ccc cccc 

ccccc cc c ccc 
cc cc
ccc
c  cc c c c c c c c c c c
c'c cccc c cc   cccc c
c  c 
c  c c    c c   c 
c c  c  c c
c  c c c78c
 cc
c cc

 c cc c47c
cc c
c?