ApostilaCursoBebeDorminhoco 11 07 2018

 

 

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[ucärgl 4.  4.  L CV@BL BL[ NFNÊ[ ........................................... .................................................................. ............................................. ............................................. .......................................... ................... ;  ;  4.4 ^fiafxls ^fiafxls bl rfkçc-`dskg rfkçc-`dskgbl bl................................ ...................................................... ............................................. ............................................. ............................................ ........................ ;  4.> [datls bf bfsf`vlavgcf`tl `furlaûogkl - Rmf _l`bfr wffes ...................................................................... 2  2  >.  >.  BD@BL DL CFV NFNÊ L X^F[F@RF BL [L@L @LRV^@L .............................................................................. ? ?   >.4 Daou`s Daou`s Nf`fiãkgls Nf`fiãkgls bl [l`l: [l`l: .......................................... ................................................................. ............................................. ............................................ .................................. ............ ?  ?  >.>   >.>

Daou`ss Fifgtls Daou` Fifgtls bd Xrgvdïël Xrgvdïël bf [l`l: [l`l: .............................................. ..................................................................... ............................................. .................................. ............ ?  ? 

>.; Klcl iu`kgl`d iu`kgl`d l `lssl sl`l:........................................... .................................................................. ............................................. ............................................ .............................. ........ =  =  >.;.4 Cfkd`gscls Cfkd`gscls @furlaûog @furlaûogkls kls ............................................ ................................................................... ............................................. ............................................ .................................. ............ =  >.;.> Cfkd`gscls Cfkd`gscls Nglaûogkl Nglaûogklss ......................................... ............................................................... ............................................. .............................................. .......................................... ................... =  >.;.; Cfkd`gscls Cfkd`gscls Klcplrtdcf` Klcplrtdcf`tdgs tdgs........................................................... .................................................................................. ............................................. .................................. ............ 7  >.2 Mlrd bf blrcgr blrcgr ............................................................ .................................................................................. ............................................. ............................................. .................................. ............ 7  7  >.6 Klcl dkdacdr l nfnê `l nfrïl (Yfjd l vãbfl `l kursl) ............................................................................. 48  48  >.9 Nfnês klc Dsslkgdïöfs bf [l`l (trlkd`bl ds dsslkgdïöfs) ........................................................................ 48  48   >.9 ^gtudgs ^gtudgs bf sl`l ........................................................ .............................................................................. ............................................. ............................................. .................................... .............. 4>  4>   >.? Cd`tf`bl Cd`tf`bl d ^ltg`d ^ltg`d `d rud ........................................... .................................................................. ............................................. ............................................ ................................ .......... 4;  4;  >.= Kdpdkgbdbf cçbgd bf tfcpl dklrbdbl bl nfnê (Afcnrf-sf: l tfcpl dklrbdbl sf g`gkgd qud`bl l nfnê dklrbdd f @ËL qud`bl dklrb qud`bl l nfnê cdcd)............................................ ................................................................... ............................................. ........................................... ..................... 42  42  >.7 @fkfssgbdbf @fkfssgbdbf cçbgd bf sl`l bls nfnês ............................ ................................................... .............................................. ............................................. ............................ ...... 46  46  >.48 Nfnês f l fxkfssl bf fstãcual fstãcual .......................................... ................................................................. ............................................. ............................................. ......................... .. 46  46  >.44 ^ftgrd`bl ^ftgrd`bl d cdcdbd cdcdbd bd cdbruodbd cdbruodbd.......................................... ................................................................. ............................................. ....................................... ................. 49  49  >.4> Blrcg`bl d `lgtf tlbd bf ilrcd @dturda ................................................................................................. 49  49  >.4; F qud`bl l nfnê jä blrcf d `lgtf tlbd sfc s fc cdcdr f igkd cugtl blf`tf, cdcd`bl cugtl cf`ls burd`tf l bgd< Rfrfg quf vlatdr d dcdcf`tdr bf cdbruodbd< ......................................................................................... 4?  4?  >.42 L nfnê quf blrcf d `lgtf g`tfgrd, faf @V@KD cdgs vdg dklrbdr f kmlrdr< ................................................ 4?   >.46 [uofstël bf gtf`s rfadkgl`dbls dl sl`l pdrd l f`xlvda ........................................................................... 4?   >.49 ^fkdpgtuad` ^fkdpgtuad`bl bl ............................................ .................................................................. ............................................ ............................................. .............................................. ......................... .. 4=  4=  ;.  ;. 

DAGCF@RDÏËL DAGCF@ RDÏËL ............................................ .................................................................. ............................................ ............................................. ............................................ ..................... 47  47  ;.4 Rgpls bf Dagcf`tdïël Dagcf`tdïël..................... ........................................... ............................................. ............................................. ............................................. ........................................ ................. 47  47  ;.> Cdcdbfgrd Cdcdbfgrd.............................................................. .................................................................................... ............................................. .............................................. .................................... ............. >4  >4  ;.; Kmupftd Kmupftd............................................................ .................................................................................. ............................................. ............................................. ........................................... ..................... >4  >4  ;.2 [uofstël bf gtf`s rfadkgl`dbls è dcdcf`tdïël pdrd l f`xlvda: ................................................................ >>  

2.  2.  ^LRG@ ^LRG@D D ........................................... .................................................................. ............................................. ............................................. ............................................. ....................................... ................. >;  >;  www.nfnfblrcg`mlkl.klc.nr

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  6.  6.  KML^L ............................................ ................................................................... ............................................. ............................................. ............................................. ....................................... ................. >2  >2  9.  9.  @lssd fxpfrgê`kgd klc l sfou`bl igaml, Oustdvl ......................................................................................... >6  >6  

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4.  L CV@BL BL[ NFNÊ[ 4.

4. Ls nfnês têc cugtds bgifrf`ïds, sf kl`kf`trf fc kl`mfkfr l sfu nfnê. >. @ël fxgstf kfrtl f frrdbl, cds fxgstf Xad`tgl f Klamfgtd. Xad`tf l quf vlkê bfsfjd klamfr. ;. Bfvfcls prglrgzdr l quf ç cfamlr pdrd l nfnê< Lu prglrgzdr l quf ç cfamlr pdrd d idcãagd< Xlssgvfacf`tf l quf ç cfamlr pdrd d idcãagd tdcnçc ç l cfamlr pdrd l nfnê. Xf`sf `gssl.

4.4 ^fiafxls bl rfkçc-`dskgbl rfkçc-`dskgbl Ls rfiafxls bl rfkçc-`dskgbl sël dtls `lrcdgs f g`vlau`tärgls quf vël bfsdpdrfkf`bl klc l tfcpl. [fouf daou`s bls rfiafxls: 4.  ^fiafxl bf Clrl: @fstf rfiafxl, l nfnê dnrf nfc ls nrdïls, fstgkd ds pfr`g`mds f fstf`bf l pfsklïl. Faf klrrf qud`bl l nfnê cubd bf plsgïël lu ç surprff`bgbl plr daol klcl uc ndruaml, ç klcl sf faf tlcdssf uc sustl. Fssf rfiafxl plbf dtrdpdamdr cugtl l sl`l bls nfnês `ls prgcfgrls ; cfsfs (plbf burdr dtç ls 6 cfsfs). [f gssl diftdr l sl`l bl sfu nfnê cd`tf`md-l nfc dkl`kmfodbl `uc kufgrl lu swdbbaf fc tlbds ds sl`fkds f sl`l `ltur`l. ^FRG^D@BL L [_DBBAF: Fspfrf l sfu nfnê bdr sg`dgs bf quf `ël qufr cdgs l swdbbaf, fafs klcfïdc d tf`tdr tgrdr ls nrdkg`mls bl swdbbaf lu d kmlrdr, `fssf clcf`tl vlkê plbf tgrdr tubl bf ucd vfz lu gr tgrd`bl l swdbbaf dls plukls. Xrgcfgrl rftgrf sû uc nrdkg`ml f cd`tf`md uc nrdkg`ml prfsl. Bfplgs fc lutrd sl`fkd lu fc lutrl bgd rftgrf l lutrl nrdkg`ml f cd`tf`md sû `l klrpg`ml sf prfifrgr. Bfplgs rftgrf bl klrpg`ml tdcnçc. >. ^fiafxl bf [ukïël: Ç bfsf`kdbfdbl pfad fstgcuadïël bls aängls. L nfnê dnrf d nlkd f suod l quf dpdrfkf è sud irf`tf. Ç fstf rfiafxl quf odrd`tf quf l rfkçc-`dskgbl vdg rfkl`mfkfr l pfgtl klcl il`tf bf dagcf`tl. Rfstd-sf klalkd`bl l bfbl `d nlkd bd krgd`ïd, quf vdg suoä-al. ;. ^fiafxl bf nuskd: Dl tlkdr qudaqufr rfogël fc tlr`l bd nlkd, faf vgrd l rlstl pdrd l adbl fstgcuadbl. Lnsfrvd-sf rltdïël bd kdnfïd `d tf`tdtgvd bf ‑nuskdr– l lnjftl, sfougbl bf sukïël bl cfscl. - Fxgstfc värgls lutrls rfiafxls, cds fssfs sël ls quf cdgs rfiaftfc `d dagcf`tdïël f sl`l.

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4.> [datls bf bfsf`vlavgcf`tl `furlaûogkl - Rmf _l`bfr wffes L sdatl `l bfsf`vlavgcf`tl ç ucd cubd`ïd rfpf`tg`d `l bfsf`vlavgcf`tl cf`tda bf uc nfnê, faf d`u`kgd daouc prlorfssl. Ls sdatls bf tlbds ds krgd`ïds sdubävfgs lklrrfc dprlxgcdbdcf`tf `d cfscd gbdbf, `l f`td`tl, ds krgd`ïds dprfsf`tdc ucd bgifrf`ïd `d g`tf`sgbdbf klc quf pdssdc plr uc sdatl. L g`ãkgl bf uc sdatl vfc klc ucd cubd`ïd rfpf`tg`d r fpf`tg`d `l kçrfnrl, quf trdz kl`sgol uc `lvl tgpl bf pfrkfpïël. Vc sdatl kl`sgstf bf > idsfs:   L pfrãlbl bgiãkga, cdrkdbl pfal KDG: D krgd`ïd Kmlrd cdgs f igkd cdgs Dpfodbd f Grrgtdbd bl

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quf l `lrcda. L prlorfssl bl nfnê plbf pdrdr lu dtç cfscl rforfbgr. Ls pdgs plbfc igkdr prflkupdbls lu dtç sf sf`tgrfc irustrdbls.   L pfrãlbl kl`sgstf fc blcg`dr `lvds mdngagbdbfs lu usdr ds d`tgods bf ilrcd bgifrf`tf: d krgd`ïd tfc g`tfrfssfs quf sël klcpaftdcf`tf `lvls f fad igkd cdgs g`bfpf`bf`tf, blcg`d`bl `lvds mdngagbdbfs.

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Dpûs pdssdr plr uc sdatl `l bfsf`vlavgcf`tl cf`tda, mä cugtds mdngagbdbfs quf uc nfnê plbf blcg`dr. @l f`td`tl, faf `ël kl`sfouf blcg`dr tlbds bf ucd sû vfz. vf z. Xlr gssl l nfnê prfkgsd fsklamfr. Xdrd klcfïdr, faf fsklamf dpf`ds ucd lu buds mdngagbdbfs quf cdgs l dordbdc (l klcfïl ç bgiãkga pdrd tlbls `ûs). Jä ds mdngagbdbfs quf amf g`tfrfssdc cf`ls, igkdrël pdrd bfplgs. Kdbd nfnê ç ú`gkl `d fsklamd quf idz. Xlr gssl dklcpd`mf sfu nfnê f lnsfrvf l quf faf cdgs olstd bf idzfr dpûs pdssdr plr uc sdatl, dssgc, vlkê plbfrä kl`mfkfr d pfrsl`dagbdbf bl sfu nfnê bfsbf kfbl. 4 cês (F`trf 2³ f 6³ sfcd`ds): Dpûs fssf sdatl sfu nfnê prlvdvfacf`tf sfrä kdpdz bf: Lamdr pdrd daol plr cdgs tfcpl f klc cdgs irfquê`kgd, rfspl`bfr dl tlquf bf ilrcd bgifrf`tf, bdr uc slrrgsl slkgda pfad prgcfgrd vfz f rfspl`bfr dls kmfgrls bf ilrcd cdgs kadrd. > cfsfs (F`trf ?³ f 7³ sfcd`ds): Dqug l nfnê sf tlr`d dptl d pfrkfnfr `lvls pdbröfs klc tlbls ls sfus sf`tgbls. Dpûs pdssdr plr fssf sdatl, faf prlvdvfacf`tf sfrä kdpdz bf: sustf`tdr cfamlr d kdnfïd, vgrdr d kdnfïd fc bgrfïël dls sl`s, clvfr-sf pdrd irf`tf qud`bl fstgvfr sf`tdbl `l sfu klal, ndtfr ds cëls fc uc nrg`qufbl, bfsklnrgr f lnsfrvdr ds pdrtfs bl sfu klrpl klcl ds cëls, idzfr sl`s kurtls f fxpalsgvls klc d vlz. ; cfsfs (F`trf 44 ³ f 4> ³ sfcd`ds): Dpûs bdr fssf sdatl, daoucds `lvds mdngagbdbfs plbfc sfr: dsslprdr nlamds bf sdagvd, olstdr bf sl`s quf vël bl ordvf dl doubl lu vgkf-vfrsd, bfsklnrgr `lvds www.nfnfblrcg`mlkl.klc.nr

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mdngagbdbfs bd vlz klcl orgtdr f curcurdr, igkdr cdgs d`gcdbl f cdgs dtgvl, sfougr daol klc ls lamls, vgrdr d kdnfïd pdrd sfougr daoucd klgsd. 2 cfsfs f cfgl (F`trf 42³ f 47³ sfcd`ds): Dpûs fssf sdatl, ds mdngagbdbfs bl sfu nfnê tfrël sf fxpd`bgbl f vlkê plbfrä `ltdr quf faf: Fstä cugtl dtgvl, bgigkgacf`tf frrd dl tf`tdr dodrrdr daol, klalkd d cël bl pdg lu bd cëf fc sud nlkd, tgrd uc pd`l bl sfu prûprgl rlstl, ndtf `d cfsd klc uc nrg`qufbl, tf`td alkdagzdr l`bf ls pdgs fstël, rfdof dl sf vfr `l fspfaml, utgagzd kl`sld`tfs, rfspl`bf dl sfr kmdcdbl pfal `lcf, rfscu`od qud`bl fstä gcpdkgf`tf. 9 cfsfs (F`trf >> ³ f >9 ³ sfcd`ds): Dpûs fssf sdatl, sfu nfnê klcfïdrä d pfrkfnfr ds rfadïöfs f`trf ds pfsslds f ls lnjftls, g`kaug`bl d bgstî`kgd. Bf rfpf`tf l cu`bl bl nfnê igkd cugtl ord`bf, f faf ç dpf`ds ucd pdrtf cugtl pfquf`d bfssf cu`bl. Gssl g`kaug klgsds klcl: daol plbf fstdr bf`trl, ilrd, fc kgcd, dl adbl, plr ndgxl f faf nrg`kdrä klc fssds `lïöfs. Rdavfz sfu nfnê kmlrf sf vlkê sf didstdr bfaf. Dolrd faf f`tf`bf quf d bgstî`kgd f`trf vlkê f faf plbf ducf`tdr. Dqug faf pdssd d clstrdr g`tfrfssf fc bftdamfs klcl: ftgquftds, dbfsgvls, zãpfrfs. Rf`td bfsdtdr adïls, drrfcfssd klgsds pdrd vfr l quf dkl`tfkf, dsslprd, idz sl`s klc d aã`oud, igkd fc pç klc djubd lu tf`td sf afvd`tdr slzg`ml. = cfsfs (F`trf ;;³ f ;?³ sfcd`ds): [fu nfnê fstä f`trd`bl `l cu`bl bds kdtfolrgds: vfr klcpdrdr f kadssgigkdr. Dqug sfu nfnê vdg dprf`bfr quf uc kdkmlrrl ord`bf `ël ç uc kdvdal f quf uc odtl cdamdbl `ël ç ucd vdkd. [fu nfnê fstä dpdgxl`dbl plr vlkê f plr tubl quf mä fc sfu `lvl cu`bl. Daoucds `lvds mdngagbdbfs: bfcl`strd quf sdnf daoucds pdadvrds, gcgtd ls dbuatls clstrd qud`bl faf dkmd quf daol fstä sujl (plr fxfcpal: sud ifgïël cubd dl sf`tgr uc kmfgrl bgifrf`tf), kl`sfouf sf rfkl`mfkfr `l fspfaml, plbf datfrdr sfu tfcpfrdcf`tl, nrg`kd bf fskl`bf-fskl`bf slzg`ml, klcfïd d tf`tdr f`odtg`mdr. Daçc bgssl, lutrls sg`dgs tãpgkls bfssf sdatl sël: kgúcfs, igkdr cdgs dclrlsl, tfr pfsdbfal (sgc, ls nfnês sl`mdc f tdcnçc tfc pfsdbfals, burd`tf fssf sdatl faf plbf dklrbdr orgtd`bl lu kmlrd`bl: afcnrf bf sfcprf dkdacdr bd cfscd ilrcd f alol grä pdssdr). 48 cfsfs (F`trf 24³ f 29³ sfcd`ds): @fssf sdatl sfu nfnê klcfïdrä d cl`tdr ds klgsds pfad prgcfgrd vfz `d vgbd. Dpûs pdssdr plr fssf sdatl faf prlvdvfacf`tf sfrä kdpdz bf: rfspl`bfr pfrou`tds sgcpafs klc ofstls, dpl`tdr pdrd ds klgsds, pfsslds lu d`gcdgs qud`bl vlkê pfbgr, klcprff`bfr quf ç prfkgsl idadr `l nlkda bl tfafil`f, fcpgamdr d`çgs fc ucd pgrîcgbf bf d`çgs, dpl`tdr pdrd l`bf qufr gr. 4> cfsfs (F`trf 68³ f 62³ sfcd`ds): Dpûs fssf sdatl sfu nfnê prlvdvfacf`tf sfrä kdpdz bf: Dodrrdr ds rlupds f qufrfr sf vfstgr, klalkdr ds klgsds bf vlatd `l auodr, pfodr aäpgs f pdpfa pdrd idzfr uc bfsf`ml, bdr nd`ml fc uc nl`fkl, fxdcg`dr g`tf`sdcf`tf klcl vlkê idz ds klgsds (sf cdqufgd, klcf, klzg`md...) www.nfnfblrcg`mlkl.klc.nr

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46 cfsfs (F`trf 67³ f 92³ sfcd`ds): Dqug sfu nfnê dprf`bf quf fxgstfc värgds ilrcds bf dtg`ogr uc lnjftgvl. Faf plbf dtg`ogr l lnjftgvl bfaf sf`bl grrgtd`tf f kmlrël lu sf`bl dordbävfa f trd`qugal, faf vdg tfstdr gssl. @lvds mdngagbdbfs: Nrg`kdr klc `lvds fxprfssöfs idkgdgs (bfsbf ds trgstfs dtç ds ifagzfs), qufrfr idzfr ds klgsds slzg`ml (klcl klcfr), idzfr ngrrds pdrd lntfr l quf qufr, clstrd`bl sgcpdtgd bf ilrcd fspl`tî`fd. Dqug ç uc ûtgcl clcf`tl pdrd krgdr rfords näsgkds, djubd`bl sud krgd`ïd d sfr fbukdbd dl g`vçs bf sf tlr`dr ucd krgd`ïd cda fbukdbd dls > d`ls 47 cfsfs (F`trf ?8³ ?8 ³ f ?9³ ?9 ³ sfcd`ds): Tud`bl fssf cu`bl sf dnrf pdrd l sfu nfnê, faf pdssd d pf`sdr bf ilrcd g`bgvgbuda: fu f cfu klrpl, fu plssl idzfr gssl slzg`ml, faf igkd bfslnfbgf`tf (fu idïl l quf qufrl f vlkê vdg idzfr l quê d rfspfgtl bgssl.4 Daou`s Nf`fiãkgls bl [l`l:

• L sl`l rfkdrrfod `lssl klrpl, klcl ucd ndtfrgd5 • Djubd l klrpl d idzfr rfstdurdïöfs g`tfr`ds 5 • Xrlclvf d sdúbf bl sgstfcd gcu`laûogkl5   • ^fbuz l strfss5  • Rlr`d d pfssld cdgs dafrtd, cfamlrd l  muclr5 • Cfamlrd d cfcûrgd5 • Xrfvg`f d lnfsgbdbf5 • Mlrcò`gl bl Krfskgcf`tl ç a gnfrdbl burd`tf l sl`l `ltur`l.

>.> Daou`s >.>  Daou`s Fifgtls bd Xrgvdïël bf [l`l: • Datfrdïël `l `ãvfa bf dtf`ïël5   • Grrgtdngagbdbf5  • Mgpfrdtgvgbdbf5  • Bgcg`ugïël bf dprf`bgzdofc f TG5   • Bgcg`ugïël bd mdngagbdbf bf nrg`kdr slzg`ml5 • Bgcg`ugïël bd prlbuïël bf afgtf (cëfs)5 • Xdgs cdgs grrgtdbls, klc cf`ls pdkgê`kgd pdrd dtf`bfr ds `fkfssgbd bfs bl nfnê.

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>.; Klcl iu`kgl`d l `lssl sl`l: L sl`l bfpf`bf bfssfs cfkd`gscls pdrd iu`kgl`dr: • @furlaûogkl • Nglaûogkl • Klcplrtdcf`tda 

>.;.4 Cfkd`gscls @furlaûogkls Bgvgbgbl f`trf sl`l afvf (^fc) f prliu`bl (@l`-^fc) • Dbuatls: pdssdc fc cçbgd >8% fc sl`l afvf, klc kgkals bf 98 d 488 cg`utls. Lu sfjd, d kdbd 98

d 488 cg`utls tfcls nrfvfs bfspfrtdrfs. Xlrçc l dbuatl sdnf vlatdr d blrcgr slzg`ml f plr gssl fcf`bd uc kgkal `l lutrl • Nfnês: pdssdc fc cçbgd 68% sl`l fc sl`l afvf, klc kgkals bf ;8 d 68 cg`utls. Lu sfjd, d kdbd

;8 d 68 cg`utls ls nfnês tfc nrfvfs bfspfrtdrfs. Klcl djubdr `lssls nfnês d blrcgrfc cfamlr `fssd ftdpd `furlaûogkd< `furlaûogkd < F`sg`d`bl-ls klcl fcf`bdr ls kgkals bf sl`l f sfcprf bd`bl uc tfcpl pdrd vfr sf fcf`bdc ls kgkals slzg`ml

>.;.> Cfkd`gscls Nglaûogkls ^faûogl nglaûogkl: rfouadbl pfad auz `dturda (bgd f `lgtf), rfspl`sävfa pfad prlbuïël bf mlrcò`gls Kgkal kgrkdbgd`l: `lssl lrod`gscls sf lrod`gzd klc rfadïël d quf mlrärgls mdvfrä d agnfrdïël bf mlrcò`gls, quf mlrärgls sf`tgcls ilcf f ftk. Cfadtl`g`d: mlrcò`gl kdacd`tf bl sl`l, prlbuzgbl pfad dusê`kgd bf auz. ^fkçc `dskgbls `ël plssufc ucd prlbuïël bf cfadtl`g`d, cds l afgtf `ltur`l bd cëf tfc prfsf`ïd bfssf mlrcò`gl. Klrtgsla: mlrcò`gl prlbuzgbl bf cd`më klc d kmfodbd bd auz `dturda, quf `ls bfgxd dafrtds Klcl djubdr `lssls nfnês d blrcgrfc cfamlr `fssd ftdpd nglaûogkd.;.; Cfkd`gscls Klcplrtdcf`tdgs L nfnê `ël sdnf klcl blrcgr, faf vdg dprf`bfr d blrcgr bd ilrcd klcl `ûs f`sg`drcls. D g`sò`gd `d krgd`ïd ç klcplrtdcf`tda f blrcgr nfc ç uc klcplrtdcf`tl, plr gssl bfvfcls djubd-als. Klcl vlkê qufr quf sfu igaml fcf`bf ls kgkals bf sl`l bf cdbruodbd< Klc ngkl, pfgtl bd cëf, bd`bl ucd vlatd bf kdrrl, sf`bl `g`dbl lu slzg`ml< D ilrcd klcl vlkê f`sg`dr faf vdg dprf`bfr, `lssls nfnês sël cugtl g`tfagof`tfs f dprf`bfc rdpgbdcf`tf. Klcl djubdr `lssls nfnês d blrcgrfc cfamlr `fssd ftdpd Klcplrtdcf`tda.2 Mlrd bf blrcgr  [uofstël: Nfnê dprfsf`tlu sg`da bf sl`l: Klalkä-al `l nfrïl dklrbdbl lu sl`laf`tl. F sf l nfnê kmlrdr< Fsklamd ucd bds lpïöfs dndgxl: 4.  Dkdacä-al qud`tds vfzfs ilrfc `fkfssärgds f klalkdr bf vlatd `l nfrïl dklrbdbl. >.  [f fstgvfrfc idzf`bl d trd`sgïël of`tga tf`mdc kugbdbl pdrd `ël fstrfssdr l nfnê. Rf`tfc pfal tfcpl quf dkmdrfc quf bfvfc, ofrdacf`tf cfgd mlrd. Xlbf sfr cf`ls, plbf sfr cdgs, gcplrtd`tf ç d dvdagdïël bf vlkês. Rf`tfc f sf `ël ilr plssãvfa klalkä-al dklrbdbl, tubl nfc. Bfgxf blrcgr klcl ilr plssãvfa f tf`tfc `d prûxgcd sl`fkd bf `lvl. [f fcpf`mfc, plgs qud`tl d`tfs faf klcfïdr d gr dklrbdbg`ml cfamlr prd faf f prd vlkês, alol vlkês klamfrël ls irutls. ;.  Dkdacf l nfnê klc tdpg`mds `l nucnuc f smgdbl `l luvgbl (fxpagkl cfamlr fssd tçk`gkd `l prûxgcl tûpgkl) F sf fu prfkgsdr igkdr cfgd mlrd klc l nfnê `l klal pdrd dkdacä-al< Rfc prlnafcd< @ËL! Gcplrtd`tf ç faf gr prl nfrïl trd`qugal f dklrbdbl. F sf cfu nfnê blrcgr cdcd`bl< Bfplgs quf faf fstgvfr klc d ndrrgoug`md nfc kmfgd, trlquf d irdabd, fssd ç ucd ilrcd cugtl figkgf`tf bf dklrbdr l nfnê. Dssgc faf plbf gr pdrd l nfrïl dklrbdbl. www.nfnfblrcg`mlkl.klc.nr

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Afcnrf-sf quf d vgbd bl nfnê ç uc u c kgkal bf cdgs lu cf`ls ; mlrds: KGKAL: Nfnê KGKAL:  Nfnê dagcf`td nfc ‛ blrcf nfc ‛ dagcf`td nfc5 Nfnê quf `ël sf dagcf`td nfc  ‛ dklrbd klc irfquê`kgd, sl`laf`tl  ‛ dagcf`td cda.

>.6 Klcl dkdacdr l nfnê `l nfrïl (Yfjd l vãbfl `l kursl) Fxgstf uc cçtlbl cugtl usdbl `d Dafcd`md pdrd dkdacdr nfnês f quf tfc uc nlc rfsuatdbl, faf plbf sfr usdbl bfsbf l `dskgcf`tl f iu`kgl`d nfc bfsbf l `dskgcf`tl bl nfnê. 4.  Klalquf sfu nfnê dklrbdbg`ml `l nfrïl f [F faf klcfïdr d kmlrdr klc cugtl kdrg`ml dkdacf-l: >.  Ygrf l nfnê bf adbg`ml ;.  Klc ucd cël sfourf l lcnrl klc l nrdkg`ml nr dkg`ml ju`tl dl klrpg`ml 2.  Klc d lutrd cël vä bd`bl tdpg`mds `l nucnuc bl nfnê f idzf`bl [MMMMM dtç faf igkdr cugtl sl`laf`tl. 6.  L vlaucf bl [MMMM bfvf sfr prlplrkgl`da dl vlaucf bl kmlrl, lu sfjd, qud`bl l nfnê ilr bgcg`ug`bl l vlaucf bl kmlrl vlkê vdg bgcg`ug`bl l vlaucf bl [MMMM tdcnçc 9.  Yä idzf`bl gssl dtç faf igkdr sl`laf`tl f vä pdrd`bl. ?.  AFCN^F: RVBL TVF IDZFCL[ DRÇ FAF[ BL^CG^FC XLBF YG^D^ D[[LKGDÏËL BF [L@L. F`tël l lnjftgvl bfssf cçtlbl ç fvgtdr l strfss f dkdacdr l nfnê, `ël ç idzf-al blrcgr. [f vlkê prfkgsdr idzf-al blrcgr dssgc `l g`ãkgl vä dls plukls pdrd`bl. F afcnrf-sf quf l lnjftgvl bfplgs ç klalkdr l nfnê tltdacf`tf dklrbdbl `l nfrïl f faf sf `g`dr slzg`ml, lu sfjd, idïd gssl sû f`qud`tl ilr `fkfssärgl f vä tf`td`bl dls plukls `ël idzfr cdgs. Afcnrf: idïd l quf sfu nfnê olstdr. Daou`s nfnês plr fxfcpal sf dkdacdc sf vlkê bfr sfu bfbl lu sud cël prd faf suodr. Igquf dtf`td dl sfu nfnê.

>.9 Nfnês klc Dsslkgdïöf Dsslkgdïöfss bf [l`l (trlkd`bl ds dsslkgdïöfs) @ûs bd Nfnê Blrcg`mlkl trdndamdcls klc ; ilrcds bf djubdr ls nfnês quf jä plssufc dsslkgdïël bf sl`l. Fsklamd dqufad quf quf ilr cfamlr pdrd vlkês. 4.  Rrd`sgïël of`tga (quf idadcls `l vãbfl bl kursl) >.  Dkdacdr `l prûprgl nfrïl (klc tdpg`md `l nucnuc, klal lu klcl ls pdgs prfifrgrfc) ;.  Rrlkdr ds dsslkgdïöfs www.nfnfblrcg`mlkl.klc.nr

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[f d trd`sgïël of`tga lu l dkdacdr l nfnê `l nfrïl `ël iu`kgl`dr prd vlkê, vlkês plbfc pf`sdr `d mgpûtfsf bf trlkdr d dsslkgdïël bf sl`l dtuda pfad dsslkgdïël bf sl`l quf ilr cdgs kl`ilrtävfa prls pdgs. 4.  4.  Nfnê quf blrcf sf`bl `g`dbl plr fxfcpal: Yä fxfcpal:  Yä bgcg`ug`bl fssf ndad`ïdr (klcl lrgf`tl `d trd`sgïël of`tga). Cds sf vlkê l klalkd `l nfrïl sl`laf`tl f faf dklrbd f `ël tfc klcl kl`tg`udr klc d trd`sgïël of`tga lu dkdacd-al dag `l nfrïl, f`tël rfklcf`bl cubdr gssl pdrd faf blrcgr `l klal. Yä trlkd`bl tr lkd`bl ds dsslkgdïöfs dls plukls. Xlr fxfcpal: tf`tf quf faf klcfkf d blrcgr `l sfu klal klc tdpg`mds `l nucnuc. Alol quf faf dklstucdr `l sfu klal + tdpg`mds `l nucnuc pdssf faf pdrd l nfrkg`ml cds cd`tf`md ls tdpg`mds `l nucnuc. Lu sfjd, `fssd ftdpd faf jä vdg tfr fsqufkgbl l `g`dr f jä vdg fstdr dsslkgd`bl l tdpg`md `l nucnuc. F alol quf faf sf dklstucdr dl nfrïl + tdpg`mds `l nucnuc afcnrf bf gr pdrd`bl bf bdr tdpg`md `l nucnuc klc faf dg`bd dklrbdbl, sl`laf`tl cds dklrbdbl. Lu sfjd, vlkê vdg dls plukls cubd`bl ds dsslkgdïöfs f dls plukls afvd`bl faf dl`bf vlkê qufr. >.  >.  Nfnê quf blrcf `l pfgtl f d cëf `ël kl`sfouf idzfr d trd`sgïël of`tga:   Ylkê plbf tdcnçc idzfr d cubd`ïd bf dsslkgdïël bl pfgtl pdrd dsslkgdïël klc l klal f vdg idzf`bl klcl suofrg dkgcd. ;.  ;.  Nfnês quf blrcfc `l kdrrg`ml sf`bl ndad`ïdbls, `g`dbls: Klalquf `g`dbls: Klalquf l kdrrg`ml bf`trl bl qudrtl, idïd l rgtuda, klalquf l nfnê `l kdrrg`ml f `g`f klcl sfcprf ifz, lu sfjd, l lnjftgvl dqug ç faf sf dklstucdr prgcfgrl dl qudrtg`ml. Alol quf faf sf dbdptdr d fssf dcngf`tf vä pdrd`bl bf `g`dr, pdrd`bl bf ndad`ïdr l kdrrg`ml. Alol quf faf sf dklstucdr dl kdrrg`ml pdrdbl trd`sigrd faf prl nfrïl. 2.  2.  Xf`sf fc quda lu qudgs dsslkgdïöfs sfu nfnê plssug: d`ltf plssug:  d`ltf tlbds f idïd uc pdssl d pdssl bf qudgs vlkê bfsfjd cubdr. Ylkê plbf g`sfrgr qudaqufr dsslkgdïël quf vlkê qugsfr, cds sfcprf pf`sf sf ç plssãvfa rftgrdr fssd dsslkgdïël. Fsklamd daol plssãvfa bf sfr rftgrdbl. 6.  Kmupftd: D Kmupftd: D kmupftd ç uc kdacd`tf pdrd daou`s nfnês. Daou`s pdgs bfkgbfc usdr d kmupftd f bfkgbfc g`kausgvf cd`tfr fssd dsslkgdïël. Ls pdgs prfkgsdc sfcprf tlcdr ucd bfkgsël. Bfvl rftgrdr tlbds ds dsslkgdïöfs< dsslkgdïöfs< Bfvl cd`tfr daoucd< Xf`sf sfcprf `l nfnê f `d idcãagd. (pdrd afr cdgs slnrf kmupftd vä pdrd l gtfc: Kmupftd)  Kmupftd)  

[ël prlkfssls af`tls, ordbudgs, bfclrdc sfcd`ds, ds vfzfs cfsfs. @ël fxgstf jfgtl kfrtl f frrdbl, nusquf uc jfgtl quf iu`kgl`d prd sud idcãagd.

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>.9 ^gtudgs bf sl`l ^fpftgr tlbls ls bgds l cfscl rgtuda. Idzfr rgtuda bgifrf`tf `d sl`fkd f `l sl`l `ltur`l. Fxfcpal bf rgtuda bd sl`fkd: sl`fkd : 4.  >.  ;.  2. 

Rlkdr cusgqug`md räpgbd (tgpl cûngaf)5 Agodr l ruãbl nrd`kl5 Bfgtdr l nfnê `l nfrïl, f`rladr `l swdbbaf (`ls prgcfgrls ; cfsfs)5 Bfspfbgr, ifkmdr d plrtd f sdgr bl qudrtl.

@ds prgcfgrds sfcd`ds cd`tfr d klrtg`d tltdacf`tf dnfrtd burd`tf l bgd. Dpûs daoucds sfcd`ds, qud`bl faf klcfïdr d bgifrf`kgdr bgd f `lgtf, f`trf l sfou`bl f tfrkfgrl cês, bfvf-sf ifkmdr d klrtg`d burd`tf ds sl`fkds (sfc nadkelut). GCXL^RD@RF: l nfnê plbf gr pdrd l nfrïl qudsf blrcg`bl, cds faf prfkgsd vfr quf fstä sf`bl GCXL^RD@RF: klalkdbl `l nfrïl. Fxfcpal bf rgtuda bl sl`l `ltur`l: 4. Dcdcf`tdr5 >. Agodr d auz bf dndjur (Idaf ndgxl, `ël nrg`quf)5 ;. Agodr cúsgkd bl sl`l `ltur`l (tgpl cûngaf)5 2. Bdr l nd`ml5 6. Dcdcf`tdr bf `lvl5 9. Agodr l ruãbl nrd`kl5 ?. Bfgtdr l nfnê `l nfrïl, f`rladr `l swdbbaf (`ls prgcfgrls ; cfsfs)5 =. Bfspfbgr, ifkmdr d plrtd f sdgr bl qudrtl. @ds prgcfgrds sfcd`ds, l nfnê klstucd blrcgr `l pfgtl `l rgtuda `ltur`l. @ël prfkgsd dklrbd-al. Klcl faf fstä sf`bl klalkdbl dklrbdbl burd`tf tlbds ds sl`fkds, faf jä fstä dprf`bf`bl. Klc l pdssdr bds sfcd`ds, faf vdg klcfïdr d gr prl sl`l `ltur`l cdgs dklrbdbl. LN[: Cugtds vfzfs dl sfr klalkdbl `l nfrïl, l nfnê kmlrd. @ël bfvfcls bfgxd-al kmlrdr sfc kl`ilrtä-al. Bfvfcls dkdacä-al klc klal lu lutrd ilrcd fsklamgbd pfals pdgs f dpûs faf igkdr kdacl sdãcls bl qudrtl. Idzfr gssl qud`tds vfzfs ilrfc `fkfssärgds. www.nfnfblrcg`mlkl.klc.nr

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CGRL [LN^F L ALKDA XD^D L NFNÊ BL^CG^ : Cugtds pfsslds bgzfc quf l nfnê prfkgsd blrcgr fc

alkdgs bgifrf`tfs bf bgd f bf `lgtf pdrd bgifrf`kgdr bgd bf `lgtf. Gssl ç cgtl! L nfnê plbf blrcgr td`tl ds sl`fkds qud`tl l sl`l `ltur`l `l cfscl qudrtl f `l cfscl nfrïl, dagäs, gssl ç l gbfda. Xf`sf quf l nfrïl ç sfourl f kl`ilrtävfa fc qudaqufr gbdbf bl sfu nfnê.

>.? Cd`tf`bl d ^ltg`d `d rud Afcnrf-sf quf sfu nfnê vdg prfkgsdr idzfr sl`fkds pfal cf`ls dtç ls ; d`ls bf gbdbf, gbfda cfscl ç dtç ls 6 d`ls bf gbdbf. Lu sfjd, dklstucf-l d blrcgr ilrd bf kdsd. [uogrl quf bfsbf l `dskgcf`tl sfcprf quf fstgvfrfc `d rud f bfr l mlrärgl bl nfnê blrcgr vlkês klalqufc sfu nfnê pdrd blrcgr `l kdrrg`ml. [F @FKF[[Ä^GL idïd uc rgtuda prds sl`fkds `d rud, suofstël: 4.  Bfgtf l dssf`tl bl kdrrg`ml >.  Agouf l ruãbl nrd`kl ;.  Rdcpf l kdrrg`ml klc ucd cd`td pdrd fskurfkfr uc plukl (Rf`tf cd`tfr dpf`ds gssl, plgs ç iäkga bf cd`tfr fc qudaqufr gbdbf) 2.  [F [F ds  ds ftdpds dkgcd `ël ilrfc suigkgf`tfs d`bf klc l kdrrg`ml. Xlbf krgdr ucd dsslkgdïël < Xlbf! Cds pfal cf`ls sël dsslkgdïöfs plssãvfgs bf sf cd`tfr. Xglr ç sf d krgd`ïd `ël sf dklstucdr d blrcgr `d rud.  

Daou`s nfnês `ël blrcfc `d rud cfscl idzf`bl tubl quf jä ilg kgtdbl. [f ilr l sfu kdsl, tdcpf l kdrrg`ml g`tfgrl klc ucd cd`td nfc ord`bf pdrd quf l nfnê `ël kl`sgod vfr @DBD bl adbl bf ilrd, gssl ofrdacf`tf djubd f idzfc pfal cf`ls ucd kurtd sl`fkd, quf jä djubd. [f `dbd `l kdrrg`ml iu`kgl`dr tf`tf l kd`ouru lu sag`o. Xlrçc ls nfnês vël cubd`bl f sfcprf tf`tf l kdrrg`ml plgs ç uc auodr quf cfscl d krgd`ïd jä ord`bf ç plssãvfa cd`tfr. ^VÃBL N^D@KL @D ^VD: @d rud fu rfklcf`bl d kdgxg`md bf slc bd cdrkd JNA clbfal wg`o, plgs fssf clbfal tfc kdrtël bf cfcûrgd l`bf ç plssãvfa ordvdr l slc bf ruãbl nrd`kl. Fssd kdgxg`md bf slc tfc ndtfrgd burävfa f plbf sfr klalkdbd bf`trl bl kdrrg`ml f plbf sfr usdbd fc kdsd tdcnçc agodbd `d tlcdbd.

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>.= Kdpdkgbdbf cçbgd bf tfcpl dklrbdbl bl nfnê (Afcnrf-sf: l tfcpl dklrbdbl sf g`gkgd qud`bl l nfnê dklrbd f @ËL @ ËL qud`bl l nfnê cdcd) • 4 ¸ cês: 28 cg`utls • 4 d > cfsfs: 28 cg`utls d 4 mlrd • > d ; cfsfs: 98 d =8 cg`utls  • ; d 2 cfsfs: 98 d 78 cg`utls  • 2 d 9 cfsfs: 4m 46c d 4m 26cg`utls   • 9 d = cfsf s: > mlrds f ;8 cg`utls • = d 4> cfsfs: > mlrds d ; mlrds f ;8 cg`utls

(Xlr vlatd bfssf tfcpl faf vdg bfcl`strdr daouc sg`da bf sl`l)

Fssf tfcpl dklrbdbl vdg ducf`td`bl dls plukls. Nfnês cf`lrfs d of`tf vdg ducf`td`bl d kdbd 6 cg`utls plr fxfcpal f klc nfnês cdglrfs vdcls ducf`td`bl ds vfzfs d kdbd 46 cg`utls. [f l sfu nfnê jä sdnf blrcgr slzg`ml f klcfïd d kmlrdr pdrd blrcgr, plbf sfr quf vlkê fstfjd klalkd`bl faf prd blrcgr `d mlrd frrdbd, f`tël klcfkf d ducf`tdr fssf pfrãlbl dklrbdbl dls plukls f idïd l tfstf. [f vlkê afvd d krgd`ïd prd blrcgr sfc sl`l, fad rfdacf`tf vdg kmlrdr. Xlr vlatd bls 4= cfsfs (plbf sfr cdgs lu cf`ls) ofrdacf`tf `ël kdnf cdgs > sl`fkds `l bgd bd krgd`ïd, f`tël rfbuzd pdrd dpf`ds ucd sl`fkd plr vlatd bds 44ms, lu cfgl bgd, bfpf`bf bd mlrd quf d krgd`ïd dklrbd. Fafs kl`sfoufc igkdr ofrdacf`tf cf`ls tfcpl dklrbdbl bf cd`më f cdgs tfcpl dklrbdbl d tdrbf, lrod`gzf bfssd ilrcd. Cd`tf`md d krgd`ïd idzf`bl 4 sl`fkd pfal cf`ls dtç ls ; d`ls bf gbdbf. Gbfda ç dtç ls 6 d`ls, sf vlkê kl`sfougr, cd`tf`md dssgc, dtç ls 6 d`ls. D pdrtgr bls 6 d`ls ofrdacf`tf sf d krgd`ïd igzfr sl`fkd dtrdpdamd l sl`l `ltur`l, qud`bl bä l mlrärgl bf blrcgr d `lgtf fad `ël sf`tf sl`l, f`tël ç cfamlr rftgrdr d sl`fkd f cd`tfr kfrkd bf 4> mlrds bf sl`l `ltur`l. AFCN^F: @ûs `ël plbfcls kl`trladr l mlrärgl quf ds krgd`ïds dklrbdc pfad cd`më f cugtds vfzfs fads prfkgsdc dklrbdr kfbl prd gr prd fsklad plr fxfcpal. F`tël tf`md kl`trlaf bl mlrärgl quf fads blrcfc. Klalquf d krgd`ïd pdrd blrcgr kfbl f kl`sfougr bfskd`sdr l qud`tl prfkgsd.  prfkgsd.  

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>.7 @fkfssgbdbf cçbgd bf sl`l bls nfnês • 4¸ cês: 49-47 mlrds (2-9 sl`fkds) • >¸ dl ;¸cês: 42-4= mlrds (2-6 sl`fkds) • ;¸ dl 9¸ cês: 4;-4? mlrds (;-2 sl`fkds) • 9¸ dl 7¸ cês: 4;-46 mlrds (>-; sl`fkds) • 7 cfsfs d 4= cfsfs: 4> d 46 mlrds (> sl`fkds)

Tud`bl tfcpl burd ucd sl`fkd< Ydrgd cugtl. Gbfda sfrgd ucd sl`fkd bf 4,6 d > mlrds. Xlrçc, cugtls nfnês `ël kl`sfoufc blrcgr uc pfrãlbl tël al`ol `d sl`fkd. [f d sl`fkd ilr cf`lr quf 28 cg`utls, tf`tf djubdr l nfnê d blrcgr cdgs f lnsfrvf sf faf igkd nfc bfplgs bdqufaf pfrãlbl. Daou`s nfnês prfkgsdc bf sl`fkds cdglrfs f lutrls cf`lrfs. [f l nfnê idz sl`fkds klc tfcpl cdgs kurtl, dutlcdtgkdcf`tf faf vdg prfkgsdr bf cdgs sl`fkds burd`tf l bgd. [f l sfu nfnê quf jä blrcgd nfc klcfïdr d kmlrdr pdrd idzfr ds sl`fkds, fstfjd dtf`td dl tfcpl dklrbdbl. Dbgf fc 6 d 46 cg`utls l mlrärgl bd sl`fkd, sfu nfnê plbf fstdr kl`sfoug`bl igkdr cdgs tfcpl dklrbdbl. DAOV@[ [G@DG[ BF [L@L: Nlkfjl, fsirfodr l lamg`ml, igkdr cf`ls dtgvl, igkdr klc l klrpl clag`ml, igkdr lamd`bl prl fspdïl, kmlrdr, pfrbfr l g`tfrfssf `ds pfsslds f nrg`qufbls (bfpf`bf bd gbdbf). Gssl ç fssf`kgda pdrd klalkdr l nfnê prd blrcgr `d mlrd kfrtd.

>.48 Nfnês f l fxkfssl bf fstãcual •  D [lkgfbdbf Dcfrgkd`d bf pfbgdtrgd rfklcf`bd quf nfnês dtç > d`ls `ël dssgstdc tv lu

 



•  •  • 

qudaqufr tgpl bf tfad (kfauadrfs)5 [f vlkê lptdr plr pfrcgtgr quf sfu nfnê dssgstd tfads, idïd gssl dpf`ds burd`tf l bgd. D auz bds tfads dtrdpdamd d prlbuïël bf cfadtl`g`d. Kfrkd bf > mlrds d`tfs bl sl`l `ltur`l bfsagouf ds tfads5 Cugtls nfnês `ël kl`sfoufc blrcgr plr fxkfssl bf fstãcual5 Bfgxf sfu igaml nrg`kdr slzg`ml, gssl fstgcuad d krgdtgvgbdbf5 Idïd bl nfrïl uc auodr dordbävfa. www.nfnfblrcg`mlkl.klc.nr

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>.44 ^ftgrd`bl d cdcdbd bd cdbruodbd

•  [û bfvf sfr ifgtd cfbgd`tf dutlrgzdïël bl cçbgkl pfbgdtrd. •  Tud`bl bfkgbgrfc klrtdr d cdcdbd bd cdbruodbd, l nfnê bfvf sfr kl`ilrtdbl bf daoucd

ilrcd. •  Xdgs, tlcfc fssd bfkgsël ju`tls. Ydg tfr kmlrl, tdavfz plr daou`s bgds. •  [uofstël: Xdg gr `l nfrïl f dkdacdr l nfnê qud`tds vfzfs ilrfc `fkfssärgds. Ds vfzfs fafs

igkdc dg`bd cdgs grrgtdbls `l klal. Xdg, sf`tf `ucd kdbfgrd dl adbl bl nfrïl f fspfrf kdacdcf`tf dtç l nfnê dkdacdr. [û f`tël klalquf-l `l nfrïl. •  D pdrtgr bd prgcfgrd `lgtf sfc d cdcdbd bd cdbruodbd ç gcplrtd`tf quf d prgcfgrd f d úatgcd cdcdbd bl bgd tf`mdc mlrärgls cdgs lu cf`ls igxls. [uofstël bf mlrärgls: >;ms f ?ms. •  Daou`s nfnês dklrbdc cugtl kfbl, plr fxfcpal ds 6:88ms bd cd`më. [f fssf `ël ilr uc nlc mlrärgl prd idcãagd klcfïdr l bgd, tf`tf f`sg`ä-al d tf fspfrdr uc plukl `l nfrïl. Klcl< vdg `l nfrïl, dkdacd l nfnê f sdg bl qudrtl. F idz gssl dtç bdr l mlrärgl quf vlkê grd dcdcf`tä-al tlbls ls bgds, plr fxfcpal ds 9ms. F afcnrf quf d utgagzdïël bl nadke-lut plbf djubdr l nfnê d dklrbdr uc plukl cdgs tdrbf.

>.4> Blrcg`bl d `lgtf tlbd bf ilrcd @dturda Klcl plssl djubdr cfu nfnê d blrcgr d `lgtf tlbd bf ilrcd `dturda< `dturda < gssl ç plssãvfa< [gc, ç plssãvfa. @fssf kdsl prgcfgrl ç fssf`kgda quf sfu nfnê dprf`bd prgcfgrl d sf `g`dr slzg`ml, g`bl prl nfrkg`ml dklrbdbl. Bfplgs ç `fkfssärgl quf vlkê sfcprf fspfrf sfu nfnê kmlrdr pdrd BFXLG[ dcdcf`tdr. Ofrdacf`tf ls nfnês klcfïdc d sf cfxfr, rfscu`odr, f d cëf lamd `l rfaûogl f klcl jä fstä `l mlrärgl quf l nfnê sfcprf cdcd, fad pfod faf f l dcdcf`td, dssgc fad plbf vlatdr tdcnçc d blrcgr bf `lvl. Rf suogrl @ËL idzfr gssl. Ls nfnês quf blrcfc d `lgtf tlbd bf ilrcd `dturda `ël idzfc gssl bf ucd vfz. Ofrdacf`tf fafs rfscu`od, rfcfxfc f vël dtrdsd`bl dls plukls l mlrärgl bf cdcdr. F dã d kdbd bgd vël dklrbd`bl f kmlrd`bl uc pluqug`ml cdgs tdrbf f dklstucd`bl d igkdrfc cdgs tfcpl sfc cdcdr. F`tël fu rfklcf`bl dcdcf`tdr BF @LGRF, dpf`ds qud`bl l nfnê KML^D^. F dã fu tf`ml quf bfgxdr faf kmlrd`bl qud`tl tfcpl< RFCXL @F@MVC. @ël ç prd bfgxdr l nfnê kmlrd`bl, ç sû pdrd fspfrdr faf kmlrdr. Cds bf bgd afcnrf bf dcdcf`tdr `l cäxgcl d kdbd ; mlrds klcl lrgf`tl `l kursl bf dagcf`tdïël bl rfkçc-`dskgbl f rltg`d, gssl ç cugtl gcplrtd`tf.

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>.4; F qud`bl l nfnê jä blrcf d `lgtf tlbd sfc cdcdr f igkd cugtl blf`tf, cdcd`bl cugtl cf`ls burd`tf l bgd< Rfrfg quf vlatdr d dcdcf`tdr bf cdbruodbd< F`tël, l nfnê cugtl blf`tg`ml plbf rfdacf`tf `ël kl`sfougr sf dagcf`tdr nfc burd`tf l bgd f sf`tgr ilcf d `lgtf. [f ilr l sfu kdsl f vlkê prfkgsdr dcdcf`tdr bf cdbruodbd tf suogrl quf tf`tf idzfr gssl dpf`ds ucd `lgtf f `l bgd sfoug`tf lrgf`tl g`trlbuzgr d cdcdbd bls sl`mls. F dã vlkê cd`tfc fssd cdcdbd bls sl`mls plr daou`s bgds lu sfcd`ds, dtç l nfnê igkdr nfc f bfplgs rftgrd fssd cdcdbd vlatd`bl l mlrärgl bfad dls plukls dtç fagcg`dr.

>.42 L nfnê quf blrcf d `lgtf g`tfgrd, faf @V@KD cdgs vdg dklrbdr f kmlrdr< [gc, ls nfnês cfscl blrcg`bl d `lgtf g`tfgrd burd`tf cfsfs, cfscl sdnf`bl sf `g`dr slzg`mls, grël pdssdr plr idsfs bgiãkfgs l`bf prlvdvfacf`tf grël dklrbdr f kmlrdr. Tud`bl gssl dkl`tfkf< @ël fxgstf uc tfcpl quf sfjd l cfscl pdrd tlbls, kdbd nfnê ç bf uc jfgtl. Xlbf sfr qud`bl fstël pdssd`bl plr uc sdatl bf bfsf`vlavgcf`tl, lu qud`bl dprf`bfc ucd `lvd mdngagbdbf (klcl rladr, ndtfr pdacd, f`odtg`mdr, d`bdr), lu qud`bl fstä `dskf`bl daouc bf`tg`ml cdgs blalrgbl, lu qud`bl sf`tfc blr plr fxfcpal plr kdusd bf daoucd vdkg`d. Afcnrf-sf bf pfrsgstgr klc dclr `d rltg`d f `ls mängtls sdubävfgs bf sl`l bl sfu nfnê. @fssfs clcf`tls bf kmlrl idïd sfcprf l cfscl kl`ilrtl.  kl`ilrtl.   [f vlkês igzfrfc kdbd bgd ucd klgsd bgifrf`tf ls bfspfrtdrfs quf sfrgdc pdssdofgrls plbfc sf tlr`dr pfrcd`f`tfs. F qud`tl tfcpl plbf burdr fssfs bfspfrtdrfs < Xlbf burdr plukls bgds lu dtç daoucds sfcd`ds. Cd`tf`md l kl`ilrtl f vdg pdssdr. @ël g`trlbuzd mängtls quf vlkê `ël bfsfjd cd`tfr.  cd`tfr.  

>.46 [uofstël bf gtf`s rfadkgl`dbls dl sl`l pdrd l f`xlvda   Nfrïl5

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  ^dcpd d`tg-rfiauxl5

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  Af`ïla bf faästgkl5

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  ^lag`mls (pdrd plsgkgl`dr l nfnê bf`trl bl nfrïl)5 www.nfnfblrcg`mlkl.klc.nr

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  [wdbbaf5

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  Ndnä faftrò`gkd klc äubgl f vãbfl5

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  Cl`gtlr bf clrtf súngtd5 (@ûs usdcls l cl`gtlr plrtätga bd cdrkd [`uzd Mfrl)

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  [lc (ruãbl nrd`kl)5 (^fklcf`bl slc plrtätga klc f`trdbd pdrd pf`brgvf lu kdgxd bf slc bd cdrkd JNA clbfal _g`b quf tfc kdrtël kdrtël bf cfcûrgd. Fssd kdgxd bf slc iu`kgl`d agodbd

`d tlcdbd fc kdsd f tdcnçc iu`kgl`d `d rud, plgs tfc ûtgcd ndtfrgd quf burd plr mlrds, lu sfjd, fad plbf sfr usdbd bf`trl bl kdrrg`ml prd sl`fkds `d rud). Fxgstf dg`bd dpdrfamls prûprgls pdrd ruãbl nrd`kl `ls Fstdbls V`gbls, suofstël: Xrljfkt `ursfry slu`b cdkmg`f Ogrdiif (fssd ogrdid iu`kgl`d tdcnçc `d tlcdbd fc kdsd f plbf sfr klalkdbd `l kdrrg`ml pdrd sl`fkds `d rud). LN[: [f vlkês `ël sf sf`tgrfc sfourls fc usdr l ruãbl nrd`kl, `ël usfc. [f qugsfrfc usdr d rfklcf`bdïël ç bf `l cäxgcl 98 bfkgnfgs. Ndgxf l dpagkdtgvl slu`b cftfr f cfïd ls bfkgnçgs. (Fu, Edrag`md, usl klc cfus > igamls).   Dqufkfblr5

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  Dr kl`bgkgl`dbl5

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  Yf`tgadblr.

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>.49 ^fkdpgtuad`bl • D Ygbd bl nfnê sf lrgf`td plr kgkals: dcdcf`tdr  ‛ trlkdr ‛ blrcgr (afcnrf-sf `fc sfcprf sfrä

`fssd lrbfc, uc nfnê cugtl `lvg`ml f quf idz sl`fkds kurtds ds vfzfs prfkgsd tgrdr > sl`fkds d`tfs bd prûxgcd cdcdbd)5 • Fstdr dtf`tls d kdpdkgbdbf bf tfcpl dklrbdbl bl nfnê plr gbdbf + [g`da bf sl`l5 • [g`da bf sl`l 3 g`gkgdr rgtuda5 • Klalkdr l nfnê dklrbdbl `l nfrïl (Dkdacdr qud`tds vfzfs ilrfc `fkfssärgds)5 • L quf plbfcls usdr pdrd djubdr l nfnê d tfr uc sl`l cfamlr 3 swdbbaf (; prgcfgrls cfsfs

(daou`s nfnês usdc dtç u`s 6 cfsfs, vfrgigkdr d `fkfssgbdbf bl nfnê f agnfrdïël bl pfbgdtrd), ruãbl nrd`kl f klrtg`d.

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;.  DAGCF@RDÏËL ;. ;.4 Rgpls bf Dagcf`tdïël Daoucds `fkfssgbdbfs bl nfnê sël:

Kdrg`ml, dagcf`tl, sl`l, idzfr sukïël f tfr daãvgl bf sfus cugtls g`kòclbls (odsfs, kûagkds, bf`tg`mls...) Klcl d cëf bfsfjd suprgr kdbd ucd bfssds `fkfssgbdbfs< [f vlkê bfsfjd suprg-ads klc l pfgtl, tdavfz vlkê sf dbfquf cfamlr è agvrf bfcd`bd. Kdrg`ml: Xfgtl Dagcf`tl: Xfgtl [l`l: Xfgtl [ukïël: Xfgtl

Agvrf Bfcd`bd

Daãvgl bf blr: Xfgtl

Agvrf bfcd`bd: bfcd`bd: L pfgtl ç bdbl pdrd prlvfr dagcf`tl, kl`ilrtl, dkl`kmfol, pdrd suprgr d `fkfssgbdbf bf sukïël, pdrd klalkdr l nfnê pdrd blrcgr f pdrd dkdacä-al fc sfus cugtls bfskl`ilrtls f blrfs. @ël gcplrtd l tfcpl, plbf sfr d kdbd 6 cg`utls lu d kdbd 6 mlrds.

Ydcls vlatdr f`tël ès `fkfssgbdbfs bl nfnê: Kdrg`ml, dagcf`tl, sl`l, idzfr sukïël f tfr daãvgl bf sfus cugtls g`kòclbls (odsfs, kûagkds, bf`tg`mls...) Klcl d cëf bfsfjd suprgr kdbd ucd bfssds `fkfssgbdbfs< [f vlkê `ël ` ël bfsfjd lu `ël plbf suprgads klc l pfgtl, tdavfz vlkê sf dbfquf cfamlr è Dagcf`tdïël Lrgf`tdbd pfals Xdgs.

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Kdrg`ml: Klal Dagcf`tl: Xfgtl [l`l: Nfnê dklrbdbl `l nfrïl

Dagcf`tdïël Lrgf`tdbd pfals Xdgs

[ukïël: Kmupftd lu bfbl Daãvgl bf blr: ^fcçbgl f klal

Dagcf`tdïël Lrgf`tdbd pfals Xdgs Xdgs:: L lnjftgvl dqug ç quf l nfnê vfjd l pfgtl bd cëf klcl il`tf bf dagcf`tl. F`tël sfcprf quf l nfnê ilr dl pfgtl, faf bfvf idzfr ucd cdcdbd klcpaftd, fsvdzgd`bl d cdcd f tlcd`bl tlbds ds idsfs bl afgtf. Klc l pdssdr bds sfcd`ds vdg sf krgd`bl ucd cfcûrgd cftdnûagkd, ucd sukïël dbfqudbd, ucd prlbuïël bf afgtf fstävfa f l nfnê pdssd d bfcl`strdr sg`dgs bf ilcf cdgs lu cf`ls d kdbd ; mlrds. [g`dgs bf ilcf + rfaûogl + dvdagdïël bls pdgs 3 Clcf`tl bf Dagcf`tdïël •  ^faûogl 3 sfrvf DXF@D[ pdrd lrgf`tdr (Xdrd d cëf f`tf`bfr uc plukl plu kl cdgs bl sfu nfnê) •  Dvdagdïël bls pdgs 3 Ç l cdgs gcplrtd`tf •  F qud`bl bfr ilcf d`tfs bl rfaûogl< Ydcls sfcprf dagcf`tdr l nfnê! •  Cds f sf faf fstä g`bl dl pfgtl d kdbd 4,6 mlrds plr fxfcpal f idzf`bl ucd cdcdbd

klcpaftd `fssf mlrärgl< Rdavfz d prlbuïël bf afgtf bd cëf fstfjd bgcg`uãbd lu d kdpdkgbdbf bf sukïël bl nfnê dg`bd sfjd irdkd5 Dagcf`tf-l! •  L ilkl dqug ç: kdbd vfz quf ilr dl pfgtl l nfnê bfvf idzfr ucd cdcdbd klcpaftd. Xdrd qufc lptdr pfad DLX, afcnrdr: •  D kdbd cdcdbd sfcprf idzfr ucd cdcdbd klcpaftd5 •  Dagcf`tdr l nfnê `l cäxgcl d kdbd ; mlrds5 •  Klcl sf kl`td ds ;/;ms< Kl`td-sf sfcprf bl g`ãkgl bd cdcdbd. Xlr fxfcpal: l nfnê

klcfïlu d cdcdr ds ?:46ms f tfrcg`lu bf cdcdr ds ?:68ms. Tuda l mlrärgl CÄ]GCL bd prûxgcd cdcdbd< 48:46ms5 •  Bfvl dklrbdr l nfnê bf bgd bgd pdrd cdcdr< [gc. @l cäxgcl d kdbd ; mlrds lu d`tfs, qud`bl l nfnê tgvfr ilrcf5 •  Bfvl dklrbdr l nfnê d `lgtf pdrd cdcdr< @ël. [û sf l pfbgdtrd rfklcf`bdr. KGKAL: Nfnê KGKAL:  Nfnê dagcf`td nfc ‛ blrcf nfc ‛ dagcf`td nfc5 Nfnê quf `ël sf dagcf`td nfc  ‛ dklrbd klc irfquê`kgd, sl`laf`tl  ‛ dagcf`td cda5 www.nfnfblrcg`mlkl.klc.nr

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Dagcf`tdïël klc mlrärgl: mlrärgl: L nfnê ç dagcf`tdbl klc mlrärgls igxls. [f faf sf`tgr ilcf d`tfs prfkgsd fspfrdr dtç bdr l mlrärgl. Cçtlbl fstrfssd`tf pdrd cëfs f nfnês, ç kl`trdg`bgkdbl plgs go`lrd ds rfdgs `fkfssgbdbfs bf ilcf bl nfnê. Tud`bl ls nfnês `dskfc dg`bd `ël plssufc ucd cfcûrgd cftdnûagkd. Fssd vdg sf ilrcd`bl klc l pdssdr bds sfcd`ds. Gssl bfpf`bf cugtl tdcnçc bd figkgê`kgd bl nfnê fc cdcdr f bd qud`tgbdbf bf afgtf quf d cëf plssug.

;.> Cdcdbfgrd Ylkê ç ucd cëf quf prftf`bf sdgr bf kdsd sfc sfu nfnê< Ylkê prftf`bf gr è dkdbfcgd, sdaël, daclïdr klc ds dcgods, vlatdr dl trdndaml f vdg prfkgsdr quf daouçc bê l sfu afgtf dl nfnê< nfnê4

 

 

D pdrtgr bls 9 cfsfs ls nfnês klcfïdc d tfr d mdngagbdbf bf pfodr d kmupftd `l nfrïl. F`tël bfpf`bf`bl bd gbdbf bl sfu nfnê vlkê plbf lptdr plr f`sg`d-al d pfodr dl g`vçs bf rftgrdr d kmupftd. Klcl idzfr `fssfs kdsls< 4.  Klalquf l nfnê bf`trl bl nfrïl BV^D@RF L BGD, f f`sg`f d nrg`kdbfgrd bf pfodr d kmupftd bf lamg`mls ifkmdbls. >.  Rdcpf l sfu laml klc sud cël, tdtfgf l nfrïl f qud`bl f`kl`trdr d kmupftd bgod: Dkmlu!!! F idïd ifstd. F dolrd ç d vfz bl nfnê nrg`kdr bf dkmlu. ;.  Rdcpf l laml bl sfu nfnê klc sud cël, f djubf-l d tdtfdr l nfrïl pdrd faf f`kl`trdr d kmupftd. Tud`bl faf f`kl`trdr bgod: Dkmlu!! F idïd ifstd f klalquf d kmupftd `d nlqug`md bfaf klc d cëlzg`md bfaf. 2.  Idïd gssl daoucds vfzfs burd`tf l bgd f è `lgtf sfu nfnê klcfïdrä d pfodr. BGKD[: Klalquf värgds kmupftds `l nfrïl f sf plssãvfa klalquf d kmupftd quf nrgamd `l fskurl, gssl plbf djubdr l nfnê bf `lgtf.

;.2 [uofstël bf gtf`s rfadkgl`dbls è dcdcf`tdïël pdrd l f`xlvda: • [utgës bf dcdcf`tdïël lu tlps5   • Dvf`tda bf dcdcf`tdïël pdrd dcdcf`tdr fc púnagkl5 • Xlatrl`d bf dcdcf`tdïël5 • Daclidbd bf dcdcf`tdïël5 • Cdcdbfgrds klc bgifrf`tfs tdcd`mls bf ngkls5   • Nlcnd bf tgrdr afgtf façtrgkd5   • Xltfs pdrd drcdzf`dcf`tl  bl afgtf cdtfr`l `l kl`ofadblr.

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2.  ^LRG@D 2.

•  Cds dig`da, l quf sgo`gigkd rltg`d< [fou`bl l bgkgl`ärgl, ç l clbl c lbl klcl sf rfdagzd daoucd

•  •  •  • 

klgsd, sfcprf bd cfscd ilrcd. F`tf`bd: `ël tfc d vfr klc mlrärgls igxls f rãogbls. Cds klc ucd sfquê`kgd `dturda bf klcl ds klgsds dkl`tfkfc burd`tf l bgd. Ls sfrfs mucd`ls sël lrgf`tdbls plr mängtls. Rubl tfc ucd lrbfc. ^ltg`d bgärgd (kdiç bd cd`më, daclïl, jd`tdr, mlrd bf blrcgr). Klcl rfdogcls irf`tf d daol bgifrf`tf< @ël ç nlc qud`bl tubl sdg kl`ilrcf prlordcdcls `d `lssd cf`tf< Nfnês `ël olstdc bf surprfsds. L sgstfcd bfafs iu`kgl`d cfamlr qud`bl tubl dkl`tfkf `d cfscd lrbfc f `ls cfscls mlrärgls tlbls ls bgds. D rltg`d djubd ls pdgs d g`tfrprftdr l kmlrl bl nfnê.

D vgbd bl nfnê sf lrgf`td plr kgkals. • Kgkals bf Rfcpl dklrbdbl f tfcpl blrcg`bl   • Kdpdkgbdbf bf tfcpl dklrbdbl pfquf`d • Rfc cugtd `fkfssgbdbf bf sl`fkd

Krgd`bl ucd ^ltg`d klc cfu nfnê ([uofstël) • Bf cd`më: dnrgr klrtg`d, dnrgr jd`fad, bfgxdr ndktçrgds f`trdr,

ndruaml. 4. Dcdcf`tdr5 >. Dtgvgbdbf (@ls prgcfgrls > d ; cfsfs, bfvgbl d ndgxd kdpdkgbdbf bf tfcpl dklrbdbl bls nfnês, ndsgkdcf`tf d ú`gkd dtgvgbdbf ç d trlkd bf irdabd). Kl`ilrcf fafs vël igkd`bl cdgs tfcpl dklrbdbls, vdcls g`kaug`bl cdgs dtgvgbdbfs5 ;. [l`fkd (d`ltf ls mlrärgls f d burdïël pdrd kl`mfkfr sfu nfnê).   Afcnrf quf sf l nfnê idz sl`fkds kurtds, tdavfz faf prfkgsf idzfr > sl`fkds d`tfs bd



prûxgcd cdcdbd. L cdgs gcplrtd`tf `ël ç d lrbfc: dcdcf`tdr f bfplgs idzfr dtgvgbdbf f bfplgs blrcgr. L cdgs gcplrtd`tf ç rfspfgtdr tfcpl dklrbdbl f tfcpl blrcg`bl. F`tël sf prfkgsdr g`vfrtfr fssd lrbfc `ël tfc `f`muc prlnafcd.

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6.  KML^L 6.

•  Dssgstgr `l ylutunf dls vãbfls bl br. Mdrvfy Edrp klc k lc tçk`gkds pdrd dkdacdr l nfnê5 •  Xlrquf ls nfnê kmlrdc< Xdrd klcu`gkdr daol. Daoucd `fkfssgbdbf, g`sdtgsidïël5 •  Ydcls tf`tdr f`tf`bê-als< Tud`tl cdgs kdacls ls pdgs, cdgs rdpgbdcf`tf fafs bftfktdc l

quf fstä idzf`bl l nfnê kmlrdr5 •  @lssd vl`tdbf bf ‑sdavdr– l nfnê kmlrd`bl `ël `ls pfrcgtf bfsklnrgr d kdusd f trdtä -ad5 •  @lssl lnjftgvl ç trdtdr d kdusd bl kmlrl f `ël sgcpafscf`tf kdadr l nfnê, •  [f l kmlrl klcfïdr d sfr kl`std`tf, d`ltf ls mlrärgls. F lnsfrvf ds klg`kgbê`kgds `ls •  •  •  • 

mlrärgls5 Ç uc kmlrl cugtl ilrtf< L nfnê sud< D ndrrgod fstd fstuidbd< (Xlbfc sfr odsfs)5 Ç uc kmlrl burd`tf d cdcdbd< Alol bfplgs bf cdcdr< (Xlbf sfr drrltl)5 Bfplgs bf nlkfjdr< @d mlrd bf tgrdr ucd sl`fkd< (Xlbf sfr sl`l)5 Bfplgs bf uc pdssfgl al`ol l`bf `ël blrcgu bgrfgtl< (L nfnê plbf fstdr supfr fstgcuadbl f vdg tfr bgigkuabdbf pdrd idzfr d prûxgcd sl`fkd). Afcnrf-sf bf lnsfrvdr d kdpdkgbdbf bfaf bf igkdr dklrbdbl plr gbdbf5

•  Lnsfrvf sfu nfnê f kl`mfïd-l. •  Cugtds vfzfs `ël bfsklnrgrfcls d kdusd bl kmlrl f tubl nfc! Nfnês kmlrdc.

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9.  @lssd fxpfrgê`kgd klc l sfou`bl igaml, Oustdvl 9. Tud`bl l Outl `dskfu, `lssd kdsd jä tg`md ucd rltg`d klc l prgcfgrl igaml, Fbu, f f`tël djubdcls l Outl d f`trdr `l cfscl rgtcl. Fbu bf 4 d`l bf > cfsfs dklrbdvd plr vlatd bds 9ms bd cd`më f blrcgd ès 47ms. F`tël, bfsbf l `dskgcf`tl klcfïdcls d bdr l nd`ml f idzfr l rgtuda `ltur`l bl Outl `l cfscl mlrärgl bl grcël, dssgc ès 47ms mlrds `ûs fstdrãdcls agnfrdbls. F klcl l Fbu dklrbdvd kfbl, fu tdcnçc dklrbdvd f f`tël dklrbdvd l Outl ju`tl. Nlc, rfsucg`bl, bfsbf l `dskgcf`tl fu dklrbdvd l Outl plr vlatd bds ?ms bd cd`më, f`kmgd nfc d ndrrgoug`md bfaf fc kdbd cdcdbd, klalkdvd `l nfrkg`ml supfr dklrbdbl f dssgc faf sf dklstuclu d sf `g`dr slzg`ml, sfc kmlrl. Fu l dcdcf`tdvd f`tël plr vlatd bds ?ms, 7:;8ms, 4>:;8ms, 46ms f ucds 4=ms (`l g`ãkgl b bl l rgtuda `ltur`l) f ucds 4=:28ms d`tfs bf gr prl nfrïl. F dssgc faf sf dklstuclu. @ël bdvd cdcdbd bls sl`mls, plgs qud`bl faf blrcgd fu gd blrcgr tdcnçc. @l g`ãkgl faf blrcgd dtç 4ms bd cd`më, qud`bl kmlrdvd f fu l dcdcf`tdvd, faf blrcgd `lvdcf`tf f gd dtç bf cd`më f l prgcfgrl cês ilg dssgc, cdrdvgamlsl (faf dklrbdvd 4x fc 4> mlrds). @l sfou`bl cês faf klcfïlu d dklrbdr cdgs vfzfs bf `lgtf, dtç quf klcfïlu d dklrbdr f rfjfgtdr l pfgtl, kmlrdr cugtl, orgtdr. F`tël fu slunf quf tg`md daol frrdbl. Klc 7 sfcd`ds bfsklnrgcls l rfiauxl lkuatl, trdtdcls, f fc plukls bgds jä vgcls ls rfsuatdbls f klc 48 sfcd`ds bf vgbd faf vlatlu d blrcgr supfr nfc, klcfïlu d dklrbdr ds ;ms bd cd`më, lu sfjd, = mlrds sfougbds sfc cdcdr. F afcnrl quf `ds prûxgcds `lgtfs faf klcfïlu d dklrbdr ds ;ms, rfcfxfr, rfscu`odr, f fu bfgxdvd. [û gd qud`bl faf kmlrdvd. F klc gssl faf ilg dklrbd`bl kdbd bgd cdgs tdrbf. F `fssd cfscd sfcd`d faf prlorfbgu pdrd 2ms bd cd`më, 9ms bd cd`më f ?ms bd cd`më. F`tël ilg dssgc: 4> mlrds bf sl`l `ltur`l klc 48 sfcd`ds bf vgbd, nfnê fxkausgvdcf`tf dcdcf`tdbl `l pfgtl quf blrcf slzg`ml, sfc kmupftd f sfc kmlrl. Xlr gssl, fu, Edrag`md, sfcprf rfklcf`bl d prfvf`ïël. Ç nfc cdgs iäkga prd idcãagd f prl nfnê. F ds sl`fkds< sl`fkds< Lnsfrvfc quf `d `lssd dplstgad idad quf uc rfkçc-`dskgbl prfkgsd bf 2 d 9 sl`fkds. Cds dqug fc kdsd l cfu Oustdvl bfsbf quf `dskfu sû idzgd 2 sl`fkds, plr quf< Xlrquf l rgtuda bf sl`l `ltur`l bfaf frd cugtl kfbl, `ël bdvd tfcpl bf idzfr cdgs sl`fkds. F`tël f`tf`bdc quf tdnfads sfrvfc pdrd `ls ougdr, f `ël pdrd `ls bfgxdr prfsls d fads.  fads.  

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AFCN^F-[F: Kdbd nfnê ç uc nfnê f kdbd idcãagd id cãagd ucd idcãagd! Igqufc trd`qugals f sfourls, vlkês sël tltdacf`tf kdpdzfs! Fuc sfnfnê prfkgsdrfc, kl`tfc kl`lskl, fstdcls dqug pdrd duxgagä-als d tfr ucd cdtfr`gbdbf afvf f klc nfc blrcg`mlkl!

www.nfnfblrcg`mlkl.klc.nr

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