Apostila - de - Arrais - Amador NOVA

March 4, 2023 | Author: Anonymous | Category: N/A

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IRHZ]GCI IPPIGZ

Asjhci eéutgji hjaàegji Zau rukh piri i mgvarsêh saduri

JIRË]QCH 29

Akìrjiäêh Kgÿmi - Zêh jhesgmarimis akìrjiäñas kgÿmis iquacis? i) Jhk jhkprgkaeth gelarghr hu gduic i jgejh (1) katrhs> h hu u `) Jhk jhkprgkaeth kaehr kaehr qua hgth katrhs qua iprasaetak iprasaetak is sadugetas ji jirijtarëstgjis? rijtarëstgjis? jhevçs iàrth hu jhevçs lajfimh, sak ji`gea fi`gtévac a sak prhpucsêh kajàegji lgxi a qua, jish utgcgzak khthr ma phpi, asta eêh axjami :2FR.

Akìrjiäêh ma Kçmgh Rhrta - ç jhesgmarimi akìrjiäêh ma kçmgh phrta iquacis jhk jhkprgkaeth gelarghr i 0= katrhs, axjath is kgÿmis. Khth Iquétgji - i`rieda is akìrjiäñas jhefaj jhefajgmis gmis jhkukaeta jhkh oat-sng a sgkgciras. ÉPAIZ ZACA]G\IZ RIPI I EI\ADIÄÊH i) Is ak` akìrj irjiäñ iäñas, as, aqugpi aqugpikae kaeths ths a itgvgm itgvgmim imas as qua get getarl arlgri grik k ei eivadi eivadiäêh äêh,, tri trilad ladiem iemh h hu axarjaemh suis itgvgmimas eis prhxgkgmimas ma prigis mh cgthric a mhs cidhs, cidhis a rghs, mavarêh raspagtir hs cgkgtas gkphsths piri i eivadiäêh, ma khmh i rasduirmir i getadrgmima lësgji mhs ìefgstis> `) Jhesgmariemh jhkh cgefi ìsa, i cgefi ma irraàetiäêh mis hemis hu, eh jish ma cidhs a cidhis hema sa gegjgi h aspacfh m‗édui, sêh astiàcajgmhs hs sadugetas cgkgtas, ak érais jhk lraqóïejgi ma ìefgstis? 9) ak` akìrj irjiäñ iäñas as utg utgcgz cgziem iemh h prhpu prhpucsê csêh h i rakh rakh hu i va vaci ci p phma hmarêh rêh tri trilad ladir ir i pir pirtgr tgr m ma a jjak ak ((922 922)) katrhs mi cgefi ìsa> 0) ak` akìrj irjiäñ iäñas as m ma a prhp prhpucs ucsêh êh i khthr khthr,, ra`hq ra`hqua ua ma asqu asqugg iq iquét uétgjh gjh,, péripéri-qua quamis mis a pigeç pigeçgs gs m ma a pu`cgjgmima, phmarêh triladir i pirtgr ma muzaeths (022) katrhs mi cgefi ìsa>

:) akì akìrj rjiä iäña ñass ma p prh rhpu pucs csêh êh i k kht hthr hr hu hu â va vaci ci p phm hmar arêh êh ssa a ip iprh rhxg xgki kirr mi cgcgef efi i ìsa ìsa p pir iri i luemair, jish eêh fioi eaefuk mgsphsgtgvh jhetrérgh astiàcajgmh paci iuthrgmima jhkpataeta. ]hmi iprhxgkiäêh mavaré sar lagti parpaemgjucir â cgefi ìsa a jhk vachjgmima eêh suparghr i : (trïs) eús, prasarviemh i sadurieäi mhs ìefgstis> j) Is akìrjiäñas ma icuduac ( ìeiei-`hit , pciei su` atj) qua hparik eis gkamgiäñas mis prigis a kirdaes, mavarêh tar suis érais ma hpariäêh parlagtikaeta macgkgtimis, phr kagh ma `úgis, pachs prhprgatérghs mis akìrjiäñas, saemh assis érais mavgmikaeta iprhvimis paci JR/MC hu ID. I itgvgmima mavaré sar iuthrgzimi pacis iuthrgmimas jhkpataetas saemh hs saus cgkgtas aetêh astiàcajgmhs> a) Ak prgejëpgh, i axtrakgmima eivadévac mis prigis, hu hutri érai matarkgeimi pach phmar pÿ`cgjh jhkpataeta, ç h chjic mastgeimh ih cieäikaeth hu rajhcfgkaeth ma akìrjiäñas mi édui éd ui hu akì akìrq rqua ua a masa masak` kìr irqu qua a ma pass passhi hiss hu kita kitarg rgic ic,, ma mava vaem emh h sa sarr pa parl rlag agti tika kaet eta a macgkgtimi a gemgjimi phr sgeicgziäêh iprhvimi paci Iuthrgmima Kirëtgki.

m) I vachjgmima ma siëmi a jfadimi ma akìrjiäñas eis érais ma iphgh, rikpis, kirgeis, lcutuietas atj. mavak sar sakpra ramuzgmi (kaehs ma jgejh eús). Aspajg Aspa jgic ic it itae aeäê äêh h ma mava va sar sar mimi mimi â pr pras asae aeäi äi ma ì ìef efgs gsti tiss he hema ma sa asta astaoi oi tril trilad adie iemh mh,, prhjamaemh-sa jhk i kighr jiutaci phssëvac. Itgtuma gmïetgji mava sar imhtimi quieth â axgstïejgi ma akìrjiäñas itrijimis hu luemaimis, qua phmarêh sar mieglgjimis mavgmh i kirh ki rhci ciss prhv prhvhj hjim imis is ph phrr va vach chjg jgmi mima ma ge gejh jhkp kpit itëv ëvac ac jhk jhk h ch chji jic.c. Is ak` akìr irjiä jiäñas ñas qu quaa sa iprhxgkak ma prigis mavak lizï-ch eh saetgmh parpaemgjucir. H luemagh eassi érai saré parkgtgmh ipaeis pach takph këegkh eajassérgh ih akìrqua hu masak ma sakìr ìrqua qua ma passh passhic, ic, kit kitarg argic ic hu pir piri i is lig ligei eiss ma raj rajhcf hcfgka gkaeth eth hu cie cieäik äikaet aeth h mi akìrjiäêh

JIRË]QCH 20 EHKAEJCI]QPI EHKAEJCI]QP I MI AK@IPJIÄÊH

RPHI? Padgê Padgêh h mi axtra axtrakgmi kgmima ma ma vieta mi akìrjiäêh. akìrjiäêh. Ehrkickaet Ehrkickaeta a tak h lhrkith ilgcim ilgcimh h piri kacfhr jhrtir i édui. axtrakgmima ma rç mi akìrjiäêh. akìrjiäêh. Ehrkicka Ehrkickaeta eta tak sau lhrkith pr prhoatimh hoatimh RHRI? Padgêh mi axtrakgmima piri lijgcgtir h asjhikaeth mi édui. @HPMHZ? Rirta Rirtass sgkçtrgjis sgkçtrgjis ak q qua ua h jis jisjh jh ç mgvg mgvgmgmh mgmh phr phr uk pcieh pcieh chedg chedgtumge tumgeic ic qua jhrti jhrti i prhi a i phpi. @HK@HPMH? @hrmh asquarmh mi akìrjiäêh. Hcfiemh ma phpi piri i prhi. phpi pi pir piri i prhi. @HPAZ]A? @hrmh mgragth mi akìrjiäêh. Hcfiemh ma ph jurvis mh jhstimh jhstimh ma uk `hrmh a ma hut hutrh, rh, prúxgk prúxgkh hé @HJFAJFI (IKQPPI)? Zêh is pirta jurvis prhi. ICFA]I? Zêh is pirtas jurvis mh jhstimh ma uk `hrmh a ma hutrh, prúxgkh é phpi. @HPMI CG\PA - Ç h jhevçs jhkpcath kigs acavimh qua i akìrjiäêh phssug, ma tic lhrki qua thmis is iàrturis sgtuimis eis pirtas axphstis mh kaskh mgsphefik ma kaghs parkieaetas ma lajfikaeth qua issadurak sui astiequagmima. ]PI\AZ? Cgefi qua jhrti i akìrjiäêh ma prhi i phpi. Rarpaemgjucir ih pcieh chedgtumgeic. @HJI? Kighr cirduri ma uki akìrjiäêh. JIZJH? Ç uki aspçjga ma vish qua sarva ma ìsa é akìrjiäêh. Ak sui pirta gelarghr jhrra i qugcfi. YQGCFI? Raäi astruturic a prgejgpic ma uki akìrjiäêh jhrraemh ma prhi i phpi ak sui pirta kigs ìgxi ma uki akìrjiäêh. Jhestgtug i sui –aspgefi mhrsic‛. JHZ]IMH? Ç i pirta axtarei mh jisjh, ijgki mi cgefi ma lcutuiäêh. CGEFI lcutui. MÉDQI? Cgefi pgetimi eh jisjh mi akìrjiäêh, qua raprasaeti i radgêh ak qua aci H@PIZ \G\IZ? Ç i pirta mh jisjh iìgxh mh pcieh ma lcutuiäêh. Rirta su`karsi ei édui. H@PIZ KHP]IZ? Rirta mh jhstimh qua lgji ijgki mh pcieh ma lcutuiäêh. Rirta ijgki mi édui. H@Z   ? Za uk hòath astgvar kigs piri i prhi mh qua hutrh mgz-sa qua aca asté phr IetaH@Z I\ieta (II\) maca> sa asté asté kigs piri i phpi, mgz-sa qua asté phr Ieta-I-Pç (IIP).

Iejhris Mielhrtf?

Ç ituickaeta i kigs usimi ak akìrjiäñas ikimhris.

LQEMAIP (IEJHPIP) I jhrraeta qua cavi i àejhri àejhri (larrh) ih sau luemaimhurh luemaimhurh ç jfikimi ma ikirri. I cgdiäêh mi àejhri jhk akìrjiäêh sa liz paci ikirri, I quietgmima ma ikirri ikirri usimi eh luemagh, ç jjfikimi fikimi ma lgcika. I ma cieäir àejhri ih luemh jhk> aci kietar imaakìrjiäêh akkieh`ri matarkgeimh chjicuki eh kir ç luemair hu piri i kieh`ri rajhcfar i saduri ikirri amhpirimi luemh iejhrir piri parkgtgr i khvgkaetiäêh mi akìrjiäêh ç jfikimi ma suspaemar.

Rhr hjisgêh ma luemair mavakhs thkir jarths jugmimhs? LQEMAGH Mava-sa luemair i akìrjiäêh ma asphrta a rajragh, jhk i àejhri Mielhrtf, avgtiemh hs luemaimhurhs ma taeäi ma iragi muri. I `úgi ma irgequa ç utgcgzimi piri gemgjir h chjic hema i àejhri lgjhu prasi eh luemh. I àejhri Mielhrtf ç i kigs jhkuk i `hrmh mis akìrjiäñas ma asphrta a rajragh. I radri sgkpcas piri sa matarkgeir i quietgmima ma ikirri i sa cirdir euk luemagh ehrkic ç ma, eh këegkh, : vazas i prhluemgmima chjic. Yuiemh fhuvar rgsjh ma kiu takph hu h luemagh lhr kugth makhrimh, i radri piri sa cirdir i ikirri, jhk sadurieäi mi akìrjiäêh eêh sigr mi phsgäêh ç ma 1 vazas i prhluemgmima chjic. Riri sa padir uki `úgi, piri ikirrirkhs uki akìrjiäêh, mavakhs prhjamar iprhimhs i aci, jhk phujh sadugkaeth. I taeäi ç uk tgph ma luemh (quicgmima). Mava-sa avgtir luemair ak érai hema h aspiäh ma dgrh mi akìrjiäêh saoi cgkgtimh. Riri sa suspaemar ma uk luemaimhurh, mavakhs gr rajhcfaemh i àejhri, jhk kéqugei mavidir imgieta, jish i ikirri astaoi tasimi piri vieta. Riri luemair mava-sa gevartar i kéqugei a quiemh astgvar jigemh i rç, cirdir àejhri. Riri sa luemair jhk jhrraetazi a vaeth, mava-sa iprhir ih vaeth, jish i akìrjiäêh taefi uki astruturi icti eh jhevçs.

H@Z? H

tikiefh mh irgequa mavari sar 9 9/: i prhluemgmima.

Chdh qua i akìrjiäêh sa asti`gcgzir eh luemaimhurh, lizar kirjiäñas ma pheths ma tarri piri matarkgeirkhs ehssi phsgäêh ei jirti. Asjhcfar tieth quieth phssëvac pheths qua phssik sar vgsths tieth ma mgi quieth ma ehgta, phssg`gcgtiemh issgk qua i quicquar fhri phssikhs varglgjir sa i akìrjiäêh akìrjiäêh asté –dirriemh‛ (shctiemh) eh luemaimhurh luemaimhurh hu eêh.

ÉPAIZ MA ZADQPIEÄI Eêh ç parkgtgmh h tréladh a luemagh ma akìrjiäñas eis sadugetas érais jhesgmarimis ma sadurieäi? i) i kaehs ma muzaeths (022) katrhs mis gesticiäñas kgcgtiras>

`) érais prúxgkis âs usgeis fgmracçtrgjis, tarkhacçtrgjis a eujcahacçtrgjis, juohs cgkgtas sarêh lgximhs a mgvucdimhs pacis jhejassgheérgis rasphesévags pach rasarvitúrgh ma édui, ak jhhrmaeiäêh jhk h JR, MC hu ID mi érai> j) luemaimhurhs ma eivghs karjietas> m) jieigs ma ijassh ihs phrths> a) prhxgkgmimas mis gesticiäñas mh phrth> l) i kaehs ma 122 (qugefaeths) katrhs mis pcitilhrkis ma patrúcah> d) érais aspajgigs ehs prizhs matarkgeimhs ak Ivgshs ihs Eivadietas> a f) is érais imoijaetas âs prigis, rasarvimis piri hs ìefgstis, jhelhrka astiàcajgmh eh gtak ietarghr.

JIRË]QCH 2= CAKA A ZAQZ ALAG]HZ Ç phr getarkçmgh mh caka qua sa liz h ìrjh dugeir (dgrir piri `hrasta a `hk`hrmh). H caka sú tak iäêh quiemh i akìrjiäêh asté ak khvgkaeth. Rhrçk, astiemh â akìrjiäêh luemaimi, fivaemh jhrraetazi pissiemh sh` i akìrjiäêh, h caka taré h kaskh alagth qua jhk i akìrjiäêh sa maschjiemh. Riri uki akìrjiäêh sa khvgkaetir, gsth ç, sigr eivadiemh, ç prajgsh qua taefi uk ipiracfh ma dhvareh.

H caka caka ç h prgejgpic ipiracfh ma dhvareh mi akìrjiäêh. Ç gesticimh ei phpi mi akìrjiäêh, a sarva piri cfa mir mgraäêh> piri dhvareé-ci. Rirtas prgejgpigs mh caka? Jiei mh caka, Kimra, a Rhrti.

Jiei mh caka ç uki ìrri ma kimagri hu larrh jhk i quic sa phma khvgkaetir h caka piri dhvareir i akìrjiäêh (Icçk mi jiei mh caka, h caka phma sar jhkiemimh phr uk tgkêh hu phr uki rhmi ma caka). Kimra ç h agxh mh caka. Raci kimra khvgkaeti-sa h caka.

Rhrti - ç sh`ra i phrti qua ida i prassêh mi édui piri lizar h ìrjh kumir ma rukh. Eh caka, axgst ax gstak ak igemi igemi is dhva dhvareim reimuris uris qua sêh paäis ma citêh hu larrh qua mêh iphgh ih caka a parkgtak h khvgkaeth vartgjic - ç uki aspçjga ma mh`rimgäi. ]ahrgjikaeta, h alagth kéxgkh mh caka ç h`tgmh jhk =1² ma gejcgeiäêh mi phrti ak raciäêh â qugcfi mi akìrjiäêh? phrçk, ei prétgji, varglgjhu-sa qua h sau alagth kéxgkh eêh vig icçk ma :1², piri jimi `hrmh. Ei kirjfi itrés h alagth mh caka ç jhetrérgh ih mi kirjfi imgieta, phrçk kugth kaehr. Ak uki akìrjiäêh ma uk sú fçcgja h alagth mh caka virgiré jhk i sui phsgäêh ak raciäêh i qugcfi a h saetgmh ma rhtiäêh mh fçcgja .

]AEMÏEJGI MI RPHI MIZ AK@IPJIÄÑAZ? •

Yuiemh sa vgri h caka piri i mgragti (`hrasta) i prhi vgri piri i mgragti (`hrasta), sakpra.

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Yuiemh sa vgri h caka piri i asquarmi (`hk`hrmh)> ei sgtuiäêh ma akìrjiäêh a fçcgja ak kirjfi i \IE]A, i prhi vgri piri i asquarmi (`hk`hrmh), sakpra> ei sgtuiäêh ma akìrjiäêh a fçcgja ak kirjfi i PÇ, i prhi vgri piri i mgragti (`hrasta), sakpra> ei sgtuiäêh ma akìrjiäêh jhk sadugkaeth i \IE]A a fçcgja miemh itrés, gegjgickaeta i prhi vgri piri i asquarmi (`hk`hrmh) a ak sadugmi piri i mgragti (`hrasta) ripgmikaeta> gevartaemh-sa h sadugkaeth mi akìrjiäêh a h fçcgja miemh imgieta, i prhi vgri piri i mgragti (`hrasta) caetikaeta. caetikaeta.

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Jhk h caka i kagh> ei sgtuiäêh ma akìrjiäêh a fçcgja ak kirjfi i \IE]A, pirtgemh mh raphush, i prhi vgri piri i asquarmi (`hk`hrmh) caetikaeta> jhk sadugkaeth, i prhi vgri piri i mgragti (`hrasta) ( `hrasta) caetikaeta> ei sgtuiäêh ma akìrjiäêh a fçcgja ak kirjfi i PÇ, i prhi vgri piri i mgragti (`hrasta) caetikaeta, sakpra> ei sgtuiäêh ma akìrjiäêh jhk sadugkaeth i \IE]A a fçcgja miemh itrés, i prhi vgri piri i mgragti (`hrasta) caetikaeta> gevartaemh-sa h sadugkaeth mi akìrjiäêh a h fçcgja miemh imgieta, i prhi phma gr piri i asquarmi (`hk`hrmh) hu piri mgragti mgr agti (`hrasta). (`hrasta).

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CAKA A ZAQZ ALAG]HZ Qki akìrjiäêh jhk uk fçcgja, jhk rhtiäêh mgragti, jhk caka i kagh, jhk sadugkaeth a fçcgja ak kirjfi ivieta, i prhi dugeiré piri `hrasta caetikaeta. Qki akìrjiäêh jhk uk fçcgja, jhk rhtiäêh mgragti, jhk caka i kagh, jhk sadugkaeth a fçcgja ak kirjfi i rç i prhi dugeiré piri `hrasta caetikaeta. Qki akìrjiäêh jhk uk fçcgja, jhk rhtiäêh mgragti, jhk caka i `hrasta, jhk sadugkaeth a fçcgja ak kirjfi ivieta, i prhi dugeiré piri `hrasta.Qki akìrjiäêh jhk uk fçcgja, jhk rhtiäêh mgragti, jhk caka i `hrasta, jhk sadugkaeth a fçcgja ak kirjfi i rç, i prhi dugeiré piri `hrasta caetikaeta. Qki akìrjiäêh jhk uk fçcgja, jhk rhtiäêh mgragti,

jhk caka i `hk`hrmh, jhk sadugkaeth a fçcgja ak kirjfi ivieta, i prhi dugeiré piri

`hk`hrmh. Qki akìrjiäêh jhk uk fçcgja, jhk rhtiäêh mgragti, jhk caka i `hk`hrmh, jhk sadugkaeth a fçcgja ak kirjfi i rç, i prhi dugeiré piri `hrasta ripgmikaeta. Qki akìrjiäêh jhk uk fçcgja, jhk rhtiäêh mgragti, jhk caka i kagh, pirtgemh mh raphush a fçcgja ak kirjfi ivieta, i prhi dugeiré piri `hk`hrmh caetikaeta. Qki akìrjiäêh jhk uk fçcgja, jhk rhtiäêh mgragti, jhk caka i kagh, pirtgemh mh raphush a fçcgja ak kirjfi i rç, i prhi dugeiré piri `hrasta caetikaeta. Qki akìrjiäêh jhk uk fçcgja, jhk rhtiäêh mgragti, jhk caka i `hrasta, pirtgemh mh raphush a fçcgja ak kirjfi ivieta, i prhi dugeiré piri `hrasta caetikaeta. Qki akìrjiäêh jhk uk fçcgja, jhk rhtiäêh mgragti, jhk caka i `hrasta, pirtgemh mh raphush a fçcgja sak kirjfi i rç, r ç, i prhi dugeiré piri `hrasta caetikaeta. Qki akìrjiäêh jhk uk fçcgja, jhk rhtiäêh mgragti, jhk caka i `hk`hrmh, pirtgemh mh raphush a fçcgja ak kirjfi ivieta, i prhi dugeiré piri `hk`hrmh ripgmikaeta. Qki akìrjiäêh jhk uk fçcgja, jhk rhtiäêh mgragti, jhk caka i `hk`hrmh, pirtgemh mh raphush a fçcgja ak kirjfi i rç, i prhi dugeiré piri `hrasta kugth caetikaeta. Yuiemh euki akìrjiäêh ma mhgs fçcgjas, uk macas mé itrés a hutrh imgieta, jhk i kaski rhtiäêh, assi akìrjiäêh taema i dgrir i prhi piri h kaskh `hrmh mh fçcgja qua mé itrés.

JIRË]QCH 21 AZRGIZ A ZAQ QZH •

Is aspgis qua sêh sêh jhchjimis i vie vieta ta mi akìrjiäêh e ei i mgraäêh mi prhi jfikik-sa jfikik-sa cieäieta ma prhi (9), is aspgis qua sêh jhchjimis piri rç mi akìrjiäêh ei mgraäêh mi phpi jfikik-sa cieäieta ma phpi (1)> is aspgis qua siak ma vieta hu ma rç ei mgraäêh mh kagh mi akìrjiäêh jfikik-sa asprgedua ma prhi (0) a asprgedua ma phpi (=)> i aspgi qua ç cieäimi mh kagh mi akìrjiäêh parpaemgjucir ih jigs, sak gejcgeiäêh piri vieta hu piri rç jfiki-sa trivçs (:). (:).

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Hs asprgeduas, cieäietas a trivasas avgtik qua i akìrjiäêh sa khvgkaeta hu sa ilista mh jigs. jigs.

YQIMPH PAZQKH RIPI LGVIP KACFHP? •

rç.   Cieäieta ma prhi ‚ avgti qua i akìrjiäêh jigi i rç.

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vieta.   Asprgedua ma prhi ‚ avgti qua i akìrjiäêh jigi i vieta. ]rivçs ‚ avgti qua i akìrjiäêh sa ilista mh jigs. jigs.

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vieta.   Cieäieta ma phpi ‚ avgti qua i akìrjiäêh jigi i vieta.

Asprgedua ma phpi ‚

avgti qua i akìrjiäêh jigi i rç. rç.

JIRË]QCH 2< Itrijir a Masitrijir Ma uki kieagri daric, piri itrijir, cavikhs i akìrjiäêh jhk phujh sadugkaeth, a lizaemh uk àeduch ma jarji ma =1², ak raciäêh ih jigs, ma kieagri i pissir uk ji`h ma prhi chdh qua pumarkhs, jirradiemh-sa h caka piri h `hrmh hphsth ih jigs piri lizar i phpi vgr i asta. I akìrjiäêh mava sar kietgmi itrijimi ih jigs, pissiemh-sa uk ji`h –mgzaemh‛ piri vieta a hutrh hu trh –mg –mgzae zaemh‛ mh‛ piri piri rç. Fiv Fivaem aemh h jhrrae jhrraeta, ta, lijgck lijgckaet aeta a var varglgj glgjimi imi pac paci i phs phsgäê gäêh h ma hutris hutris akìrjiäñas qua lgcik i aci, mava-sa iprhvagté-ci, gsth ç, itrijir jhetri i jhrraeta. Gssh trés vietidak, phgs i jhrraeta idgré sh`ra i phpi, iprhxgkimh-i a lijgcgtiemh i itrijiäêh. Rraemar uki akìrjiäêh i uk jigs hu i hutri akìrjiäêh qua oé astaoi itrijimi ç itrijir , easta jish mgz-sa qua i itrijiäêh lhg i jhetri`hrmh ma hutri akìrjiäêh> maspraemar mh jigs hu ma hutri akìrjiäêh hema astava itrijimh ç masitrijir > ]ï-ch sadurh i uki `úgi ç ikirrir > cirdir i `úgi hema astava ç masikirrir hu cirdir >

I]PIJIÄÊH JHK \AE]H HQ JHPPAE]A RAPRAEMGJQCIP IH JIGZ IRPHVGKIÄÊH RHP @IPCI\AE]H piricach ih jigs, quisa H avaeth jhrraeta iprhxgkiré i akìrjiäêh ih Iprhxgkir-sa jigs. Rissir chdh qua phssëvags aspgispiriemh. paci prhi paci hu phpi.

@IPCI\AE]H ‚ Cudir phr hema aetri h vaeth. ZH]I\AE]H - Cudir phr hema sig h vaeth

Jipgtuch 24

FHKAK IH KIP 9¿ Kçthmh? rhtiäêh Qsi-sa quiemh sa ivgsti ivgsti icduçk i jigr i édu édui> i> \grir h caka piri h cimh mh eéulridh eéulridh ma kieagri i lizar uki vhcti jhkpcati, ma lhrki magxir h eéulridh i shtivaeth (cimh piri hema shpri h vaeth).

JIRË]QCH 6 PGRAIK Paducikaeth Getareijgheic Getareijgheic piri Avgtir Iìcrhikaeths eh Kir   H Paducikaeth Getareijgheic Riri Avgtir Iìcrhikaeths eh Kir , tik`çk jhefajgmh jhkh PGRAIK , ç h jheoueth ma radris qua, taemh i lhräi ma cag, prasjrava jhkh mavarakhs jhemuzgr is akìrjiäñas ei prasaeäi ma hutris, àk jhkh, gelhrké-cis ma ehssis getaeäñas hu iäñas, phr sgeigs ma ipgth, phr cuzas hu phr kirjis mgureis, ma kieagri qua phssikhs masaevhcvar kieh`ris jhrratis a saduris, ilistiemh issgk mh pargdh mh iìcrhikaeth (jhcgsêh). H PGRAIK sa ipcgji i thmis is akìrjiäñas ak kir iàrth a ak thmis is éduis i asta cgdimi. Eimi jhe Eimi hetgtgmh mh eh PG PGRA RAIK IK mg mgsp spae aesi siré ré quic quicqu quar ar ak akì ìrj rjiä iäêh êh hu sa sau u prhp prhprg rgat atér érgh gh,, sa sau u Jhkiemieta hu sui trgpuciäêh mis jhesaqóïejgis ma quicquar eadcgdïejgi eh jukprgkaeth mastis hu ak quicquar prajiuäêh rajcikimi hrmgeirgikaeta paci prétgji kirgefagri hu pacis jgrjuestàejgis aspajgigs mh jish.

Malgegäêh mis Cuzas ma Eivadiäêh? Cuz ma kistrh ç uki cuz `rieji vgsëvac jhetgeui ak uk sathr fhrgzhetic ma 001². Cuz ma `hrmh ç uki cuz varma i `hrasta a aejireimi i `hk`hrmh, vgsëvac ak sathras ma 990,1² ma jimi `hrmh. Cuz ma icjieäimh ç uki cuz `rieji sgtuimi têh prúxgkh phssëvac mi phpi, vgsëvac ak uk sathr fhrgzhetic ma 9:1². Cuz ma ra`hqua ç uki cuz ikiraci jhk is kaskis jirijtarëstgjis mi cuz ma icjieäimh quieth ih sau phsgjgheikaeth a vgsg`gcgmima 9:1². Cuz jgrjuci ç uki cuz jhetgeui ak uk irjh ma fhrgzheta ma : sa tgvar vachjgmima kighr qua 4 eús, mava iprasaetir tik`çk cuzas ma `hrmh.

Kaeh Ka ehs s ma 4 katr katrhs hs

vachj vac hjgm gmim ima a ki kigh ghr r ma 4 eh ehs s

Kaskh ma mgi, jhk vgsg`gcgmima ehrkic, usa is kirjis imaquimis â sgtuiäêh.

Cuzas ma ra`hqua a akpurri Za h jhkprgkaeth mh ra`hqua lhr gelarghr i 022k, i akìrjiäêh ra`hjimi mava axg`gr? • 0 cuzas var vartgjig tgjigss ma kistrh i vieta> vieta> • cuz m ma a icj icjieäi ieäimh> mh> • cuza cuzass ma `hrmh> `hrmh> a • cuz ma ra`hqu ra`hqua a (ikiraci) ijgki mi ma icjieäimh. icjieäimh.

Za h jhkprgkaeth mh ra`hqua (h tikiefh mh ji`h ma ra`hqua qua vig mi phpi mh ra`hjimhr itç i prhi mh ra`hjimh) tgvar kigs ma 022 katrhs, h ra`hjimhr mavaré khstrir? • : cuzas var vartgjig tgjigss ma kistrh i vieta> vieta> a • thmis is hutris cuz cuzas as gduigs ih jish ieta ietarghr rghr (jhkprgkaeth ma ra`hqua gelarghr i 022k).

Za i akìrjiäêh astgvar akpurriemh hu ra`hjiemh â jhetri `hrmh mavaré khstrir? • is kaskis cuzas m mhs hs jishs ietarghras ietarghras,, axjath i cuz ikiraci ma ra` ra`hqua> hqua> a

Za i akìrjiäêh lhr gejipiz ma sa masvgir mh sau rukh, i kirji ma akìrjiäêh jhk jipijgmima ma kieh`ri rastrgti mava ijhkpiefir i kirji ma ra`hqua.

Akìrjiäêh luemaimi uki aslari prati

Akìrjiäêh sak dhvareh 0 aslaris pratis ei vartgjic

Akìrjiäêh ra`hjiemh 0 jheas praths uegmhs paci ìsa

Akìrjiäêh aejicfimi : aslaris pratis

Akìrjiäêh jhk jipijgmima ma kieh`ri rastrgti

uki aslari prati sh`ra 0 jheas praths uegmhs pacis ìsas

a hutri aslari prati iìgxh mastas 0 jheas

Jhkh gmaetglgjir, ma mgi a ma ehgta, uki akìrjiäêh sak dhvareh a uki akìrjiäêh jhk jipijgmima ma kieh`ri rastrgti.

Zak dhvareh Ma ehgta mava axg`gr 0 cuzas jgrjuciras mgsphsti ak cgefi vartgjic. Jhk sadugkaeth, cuzas ma `hrmh a icjieäimh.

Kirji Ma mgi axg`gr 0 aslaris

Yuiemh astgvar aejicfimi axg`gré Ma ehgta, muis cuzas aejireimis jgrjuciras mgsphstis vartgjickaeta, a tik`çk is cuzas ma luemagh imaquimis ih sau jhkprgkaeth. jhkprgkaeth. Kirji Ma mgi axg`gré : aslaris pratis

Jhk jipijgmima ma kieh`ri rastrgti Ma ehgta axg`gr : cuzas jgrjuciras phsgjg phsgjgheimis heimis vartgjickaeta vartgjickaeta,, saemh qua i suparghr a i gelarghr aejireimis a i mh kagh `rieji. Jhk sadugkaeth usir cuzas ma `hrmh a icjieäimh. Kirji Ma mgi, 0 aslaris sapirimis phr 0 jheas uegmhs paci ìsa

Yuiemh astgvar luemaimi axgstgré? Zavieta) â ehgta, ei pirta ma vieta cuz jgrjucir `rieji a ei pirta ma rç cuz jgrjucir `rieji (kigs ìgxi qua i ma Is akìrjiäñas akìrjiäñas kaehras qu qua a 12k phmak a axg`gr xg`gr ipaei ipaeiss uki cuz jgrjuc jgrjucir ir `rieji, hema k kacfhr acfhr phssi sar vgsti. Kirji Ma mgi uki aslari ei pirta ma vieta

ZGEIGZ ZHEHPHZ

Ipgth jurth - muriäêh iprhxgkimi ma 9 saduemh.

Ipgth chedh - muriäêh iprhxgkimi ma = i < saduemhs.

Yua sgeigs shehrhs mavarêh shir8 Is akìrjiäñas makhestrik suis kieh`ris a suis imvartïejgis, phr kagh ma sgeigs shehrhs, mi sadugeta lhrki?

9 ipgth jurth - ---------------------------------------------------------------- Asthu dugeiemh dugeiemh piri `hrasta (piri i mgragti) 0 ipgths jurths ------------------------------- Asthu dugeiemh piri `hk`hrmh `hk`hrmh (piri i asquarmi) : ipgths jurths ------------------------------- Asthu miemh kéqugeis itrés (ge (gemh mh piri trés, pi piri ri rç) 0 ipgths chedhs a 9 ipgth jurth ----------- ]aejgheh uctripissé-ch phr `hrasta 0 ipgths chedhs a 0 ipgths jurths -------- ]aejgheh uctripissé-ch phr `hk`hrmh 9 ipgth chedh, 9 jurth, 9 chedh a 9 jurth - Jhejhrmh jhk sui uctripissidak 1 ipgths jurths hu kigs --------------------- Eêh jhesgdh aetaemar i sui kieh`ri kieh`ri 9 ipgth chedh - Ak jurvis ma rghs hu jieigs astragths, hema i vgsg`gcgmima ç praoumgjimi, hema hutris akìrjiäñas phssik astir hjuctis. I hutri akìrjiäêh mava rasphemar ih sgeic. Zgeigs shehrhs akgtgmhs ak ìgxi vgsg`gcgmima

PADPIZ MA DH\APEH Zgtuiäêh ma Phmi i Phmi Yuiemh muis akìrjiäñas, i prhpucsêh kajàegji, astgvarak sa iprhxgkiemh ak rukhs mgratikaeta hu quisa mgratikaeta hphsths, ak jhemgäñas qua aevhcvik rgsjh ma jhcgsêh, jimi uki mavaré dugeir piri `hrasta, ma lhrki qua i pissidak sa mï phr `hk`hrmh uki mi hutri.

ZG]QIÄÊH MA PQKHZ JPQ_IMHZ Yuiemh muis akìrjiäñas i prhpucsêh kajàegji eivadik ak rukhs qua sa jruzik ak sgtuiäêh qua aevhcva rgsjh ma jhcgsêh, i akìrjiäêh qua ivgsti i hutri phr `hrasta mavaré sa kietar lhri mh jikgefh massi, a jish is jgrjuestàejgis h parkgtik, avgtiré jruzir sui prhi.

Kieh`ri ma Qctripissidak hu ma Icjieäiemh Yuigsquar qua mh saoik is jhemgäñas, thmi akìrjiäêh qua astaoi uctripissiemh hutri, mavaré kietar-sa lhri jikgefh masti.

Padri ma eivadiäêh ak rghs a jieigs Astragths Padris piri jhemuzgr akìrjiäñas ak jieigs astragths? Qki akìrjiäêh qua astgvar eivadiemh ih chedh ma uk jieic astragth, hu vgi ma ijassh, mavaré sa kietar têh prúxgki quieth saoi phssëvac a sadurh mi kirdak i sau `hrasta, taemh jugmimh jhk pamris a ìejhs ma iragi. Akìrjiäñas ma kaehs ma 02k ma jhkprgkaeth eêh mavarêh itripicfir i pissidak ma hutri akìrjiäêh qua sú phssi eivadir jhk sadurieäi maetrh ma uk jieic hu vgi ma ijassh. Is akìrjiäñas aedioimis ei pasji eêh mavarêh itripicfir i pissidak ma quicquar hutri akìrjiäêh qua astgvar eivadiemh maetrh ma uk jieic astragth. Qki akìrjiäêh eêh mava jruzir uk jieic astragth quiemh sui kieh`ri itripicfir hutri akìrjiäêh qua sú phssi eivadir jhk sadurieäi maetrh mh jieic. Riri lizar uki uctripissidak ak uk jieic astragth i akìrjiäêh mava akgtgr hs sgeigs shehrhs iprhprgimhs? mhgs ipgths chedhs a uk jurth (uctripissir phr `hrasta) hu mhgs ipgths chedhs a mhgs jurths (uctripissir phr `hk`hrmh). Qki akìrjiäêh qua saré uctripissimi ak uk jieic astragth mava akgtgr hs sgeigs shehrhs iprhp ip rhprgi rgimhs mhs sa jhe jhejhr jhrmir mir jhk jhk i uct uctrip ripiss issida idak? k? uk ipgth chedh, uk jurth, uk chedh a uk jurth, easti hrmak.

Yuiemh uki akìrjiäêh astgvar sa iprhxgkiemh ma uki jurvi hu ma uk chjic hema hutris akìrjiäñas phssik astir hjuctis mavgmh i h`stéjuchs, mavaré eivadir jhk itaeäêh a jugmimh ramh`rimhs, àk jhkh akgtgr h sgeic shehrh iprhprgimh? uk ipgth chedh. Yuicquar akìrjiäêh qua taefi huvgmh h sgeic a astaoi sa iprhxgkiemh mh hutrh cimh mi jurvi mavaré rasphemar tik`çk jhk uk ipgth chedh.

]hmi akìrjiäêh mavaré avgtir luemair ak uk jieic astragth hu vgi ma ijassh.

Padris ma Rralarïejgi Aetra Akìrjiäñas Qki akìrjiäêh â prhpucsêh kajàegji ak khvgkaeth mavaré kietar-sa lhri mh jikgefh ma akìrjiäñas? I. Zak dhvareh @. jipijgm jipijgmima ma kieh kieh`ri `ri rastrgti rastrgti J. Jhk Aedioimi Aedioimi e ei i ima pas pasji ji M. I vac vaci i Qki ak` akìrj irjiäê iäêh h ma vaci vaci ak khvgkaeth tak pralarïejgi ak raciäêh i uki akìrjiäêh i khthr, kis mavaré kietar-sa lhri mh jikgefh ma akìrjiäñas? I. Zak dhvareh @. Jhk jipijgm jipijgmima ima ma kieh kieh`ri `ri rastrgti rastrgti J. Akìrjiäêh aedioimi ei pasji Qki ak` akìrj irjiäê iäêh h aed aedioi ioimi mi ei pas pasji ji ak khvgkaeth tak pralarïejgi ak raciäêh i uki akìrjiäêh i vaci, kis mavaré kietar-sa ilistimi mh jikgefh ma akìrjiäñas? I. Zak dhvareh @. Jhk jipi jipijgmim jgmima a ma kieh`ri rastrgti rastrgti Qki akìrjiäêh jhk jipijgmima ma kieh`ri rastrgti ak khvgkaeth tak pralarïejgi ak raciäêh i uki akìrjiäêh i vaci a akìrjiäêh aedioimi ei pasji, kis mavaré kietar-sa lhri mh jikgefh ma akìrjiäñas? I - Zak dhvareh. Akìrjiäêh sak dhvareh tak pralarïejgi sh`ra thmis is makigs akìrjiäñas. akìrjiäñas.

Cuzas ma Eivadiä Cuzas Eivadiäêh êh - thmis is akìrjiäñas, quiemh ak eivadiäêh ehturei, mavarêh axg`gr cuzas ma eivadiäêh, jhelhrka i pirta –J‛ mh PGRAIK. H Zgstaki ma @icgzidak Kirëtgki mgvgma h dch`h ak muis radgñas (I a @), juoi sapiriäêh aetra is muis ç h Hjaieh Itcàetgjh?

Padgêh I aedchì i Aurhpi, Élrgji, Ésgi a Hjaiegi> Padgêh @ aedchì i Ikçrgji mh Ehrta, Ikçrgji Jaetric a Ikçrgji mh Zuc, Oipêh, Jhragi a Lgcgpgeis.

Issgk, i jhevaeäêh jhevaeäêh malgegu? PADGÊH I

@

@HPAZ]A \APMA \APMA

\APKACFH \APKACFH

@HK@HPMH \APKACFH

\APMA \APMA

Zgstaki ma ìcgzikaeth GICI radgêh @ MALGEGÄÑAZ? Rhma sar malgegmh jhkh jheoueth ma radris ipcgjimis i thmhs hs sgeigs lgxhs a lcutuietas qua tïk prhpúsgth gemgjir? • • •

hs cgk cgkgta gtass cita citarigs rigs mhs jieig jieigss eiv eivadé adévag vags> s> hs pargdh pargdhss eitu eiturig rigss a hu hutri triss h`struä h`struäñas ñas,, aetra aetra is quig quigss hs jisjhs jisjhs shä shäh`r h`rimh imhs> s>  hutris zheis hu ijgmaetas kirëtgkhs gkphrtietas piri h eivadieta> a hs ehvhs pargdh gdhs.

]gphs ma sgeigs H sgstaki ma ìcgzikaeth jhkpraaema jgejh tgphs ma sgeigs qua phmak gejcusgva sar usimhs ak jhk`geiäêh. Zêh acas? Hs sgei juoh h akp akprad radh h asté asté isshjg isshjgimh imh i uk –sa –saetg etgmh mh jhe jhevae vaejgh jghei eicc ma sgeigs gs citar citarigs igs juo ìcgzikaeth‛. Acas darickaeta sêh utgcgzimhs piri hs jieigs àk malgegmhs. Assas sgeigs gemgjik hs cimhs ma @hrasta a @hk`hrmh mh jikgefh i sadugr. Yuiemh uk jieic sa mgvgma, uk sgeic citaric phma sar utgcgzimh piri gemgjir h jikgefh qua jhevçk sar pralaraejgickaeta sadugmh. Ei radgêh @, radgêh mh @risgc, h varkacfh gemgji @hrasta a h varma gemgji @hk`hrmh , mië sa mgzar qua? quak vak mh kir aetri ak uk jieic miemh @hrasta piri h sgeic varkacfh a @hk`hrmh piri sgeic varma.



Hs sgeigs jirmgeigs, juoh akpradh (jhkh eh ush ma uki iducfi) sarva piri gemgjir ih eivadieta hema (ak qua mgraäêh) i akìrjiäêh phma aejhetrir éduis saduris.



Hs sgeigs ma pargdh gshcimh gemgjiemh hs pargdhs gshcimhs, ma tikiefh cgkgtimh, qua mavak sar aetaemgmhs jhkh iquacas ak threh mhs quigs is éduis sêh saduris.



Hs sgeigs ma éduis saduris gemgjiemh qua ak threh ma tigs sgeigs is éduis sêh saduris (jhkh phr axakpch uk sgeic ma kagh ma jieic).

Hs sgeigs aspajgigs qua, sak tarak jhkh prgejgpic prhpúsgth h iuxëcgh â eivadiäêh, gemgjik uki uk i érai érai hu jiri jirijt jtar arës ëstgtgji ji as aspa pajg jgic ic kaej kaejgh ghei eimi mi eh ehss mh mhju juka kaet eths hs eé eéut utgj gjhs hs a qu qua a sê sêh h ehrkickaeta ma gkphrtàejgi piri h eivadieta. Hs sgeigs aspajgigs sêh sakpra ikirachs a, gejcusgva, quiemh cukgehshs, axgàk tik`çk cuz ikiraci. * @úgi - ç thmh mgsphsgtgvh lcutuieta axg`gemh cuz hu eêh (`úgi cukgehsi hu jadi).

H@Z? @hgi jadi ç iquaci qua eêh akgta cuz. * @icgzi - ç uki uki fi fist sta a ma lar larrh rh,, hu ma jg jgka kaet eth h irki irkimh mh,, mas masprh prhvgm vgmii ma cuz, aejgkimi phr uk thpa qua parkgtgré sui jirijtargziäêh saduemh i lhrki qua iprasaetir

(mgsjh, aslari, ratàeduch, trgàeduch atj).

Zgeigs citarigs. I `hrmh ma uki akìrjiäêh akìrjiäêh is jhras mis cuzas ma eivadiäêh mhs `hrmhs sêh varma piri `hrasta (@A) a aejireimi aejireimi piri `hk`hrmh (@@). Eh sgstaki GICI –@‛, quak vig piri h kir magxi hs sgeigs aejireimhs phr @@ a hs varmas phr @A. Asti sgkpcas radri ma jhgejgmïejgi ma jhras mhs sgeigs ma ìcgzikaeth a mis cuzas mi akìrjiäêh parkgta qua h eivadieta kieh`ra sui akìrjiäêh jukprgemh is ehrkis ma ìcgzikaeth. Ma lhrki gevarsi, iquaca qua vak mh kir magxi hs sgeigs aejireimhs phr @A a hs varmas phr @@. I `úgi AEJIPEIMI qua lgji i @HPAZ]A mi aetrimi mh jieic phma sar mi lhrki jýegji, pgcir hu jfiruth.

I `úgi \APMA lgji i @HK@HPMH mi aetrimi mh jieic> phma tik`çk sar mi lhrki jýegji, pgcir hu j jf firuth.

Zgeigs Citarigs Khmglgjimhs? Jieic pralaraejgic i `hk`hrmh @úgis aejireimis jhk uki ligxi varma. Gemgjik qua h –jieic pralaraejgic asté i `hk`hrmh masti `úgi‛. Yuiemh fhuvar cuz, i `úgi axg`gré cuz aejireimi aejireimi..

Jieic pralaraejgic i `hrasta @úgis varmas jhk uki ligxi aejireimi. Gemgjik qua h –jieic pralaraejgic asté i `hrasta masti `úgi‛. Rhma sar mi lhrki jýegji, pgcir hu jfiruth. Yuiemh fhuvar cuz, i `úgi axg`gré cuz varma.

ZGEIGZ JIPMGEIGZ Hs Zgeigs Jirmgeigs sêh mastgeimhs i gemgjir h quimrieta hema i eivadiäêh ç kigs saduri. Issgk, ih ivgstir uk Zgeic Jirmgeic Ehrta, phr axakpch, h eivadieta siàré qua i vgi kigs prhpëjgi astiré sgtuimi ih ehrta mh sgeic.

Zgeic Jirmgeic Ehrta - Jhr? Rrati ijgki mi ikiraci. Zgeic Jirmgeic Casta - Jhr? Rrati jhk uki ligxi fhrgzhetic ikiraci eh kagh. Zgeic Jirmgeic Zuc - Jhr? Ikiraci ijgki mi prati. Zgeic Jirmgeic Hasta - Jhr? Ikiraci jhk uki ligxi fhrgzhetic prati eh kagh.

RAPGDH GZHCIMH

H`s? Murieta h mgi i gmaetglgjiäêh mhs sgeigs ç lagti phr kagh ma ?

Lhrkith, kirji ma thpa a jhr. - Murieta i ehgta ehgta i gmaetglgjiäêh gmaetglgjiäêh ç lagti lagti phr kagh ma? Pgtgkh ma iprasaetiäêh mhs cikpaohs a jhras mis cuzas.

@icgzikaeth Cijustra a Lcuvgic

@icgzikaeth Cijustra a Lcuvgic ‚ Gemapaemaeta mi Kirdak

Jhkuegjiäêh Pémgh \FL- kietar asjuti parkieaeta JF 9< (91

Jhkìta i gejïemgh Riri ipraemarkhs i jhkìtar h lhdh, prajgsikhs jhefajï-ch kugth àk. Lhdh - Ç uki raiäêh ak jimagi ma trïs acakaeths qua prhmuz cuz a jichr. Hs trïs acakaeths qua prhmuzak h lhdh sêh? jhkùstëvac, jhkùraeta a jichr.

Jhkpheaetas mh trgàeduch mh lhdh H lhdh phma sar raprasaetimh phr uk trgàeduch, tr gàeduch, i juohs cimhs sêh isshjgimh hs jhkpheaetas oé jgtimhs? jhkùstëvac, jhkùraeta a jichr. Riri axgstgr h lhdh ç eajassérgh qua hs trïs jhkpheaetas astaoik prasaetas, issgk jhkh piri h trgàeduch axgstgr sêh eajassérghs hs saus trïs cimhs. ]griemh]grie mh-sa sa uk mh mhss acakae acakaeths ths massa massa trgà trgàedu educh ch i jhkùs jhkùstêh têh sa saré ré acg acgkge kgeimi imi.. Iss Issgk, gk, pi piri ri jhkìtarkhs uk gejïemgh, takhs trïs (:) radris `ésgjis? I rakhäêh mh kitargic jhkùstëvac  ma ma chjigs geimaquimhs hu pargdhshs - Eêh fivaemh h qua quagkir eêh phma fivar gejïemgh. H raslrgikaeth - iìgxiemh i takparituri ma gdegäêh astirakhs maslizaemh h –trgàeduch mh lhdh‛. H iìlikaeth - ak uk gejïemgh i rakhäêh mh hxgdïegh ç lagti phr iìlikaeth.

I) Jhkùstëvac Ç tumh iqugch jipiz ma aetrir ak jhkùstêh, hu saoi, ç tumh qua phma padir lhdh. Hs jhkùstëvags sêh jcissglgjimhs, quieth ih astimh lësgjh, ak súcgmhs, cëqugmhs a dishshs?

Zúcgmhs - Kimagri, pipac, pcéstgjh, atj. Cëqugmhs - Dishcgei, écjhhc, úcah, mgasac, atj. Dishshs - Dés ma jhzgefi, dés utgcgzimh ehs iuthkúvags, atj. Yuieth â vhcitgcgmima, hs jhkùstëvags phmak sar?

\hcétags - Eêh eajassgtik ma iquajgkaeth piri maspraemarak viphras gelcikévags. Axakpch? dishcgei, çtar, atj. Eêh \hcétags - Rrajgsik ma iquajgkaeth piri maspraemarak viphras gelcikévags. Axakpch? kimagri, tajgmh, atj.

@) Jhkùraeta H jhkùraeta ç h hxgdïegh qua axgsta eh ir itkhslçrgjh> h parjaetuic ma hxgdïegh eh ir itkhslçrgjh ç ma 09%. Icçk ma hxgdïegh h ir jhetçk 46% ma egtrhdïegh a 9% ma hutrhs disas. Jhk kighrgi mhs jhkùstëvags, eêh fivaré jhkùstêh sa h parjaetuic ei kgsturi dishsi jhetgvar kaehs qua 9 `) ji`htidak? i raic raicgz gzim imi i aetr aetra a phrt phrths hs hu phet pheths hs mh tarrg tarrgtú túrg rgh h `ris `risgca gcagrh grh,, utgc utgcgz gzie iemh mh i vg vgi i kirëtgki hu asti a is vgis eivadévags getarghras> j) getarghr ? i raicgzimi ak fgmrhvgis getarghras, issgk jhesgmarimhs rghs, cidhs, jieigs, cidhis, ìëis, iedris, aesaimis a érais kirëtgkis jhesgmarimis i`rgdimis.

Rirédrilh ßegjh? i eivadiäêh raicgzimi axjcusgvikaeta ehs phrths a tarkgeigs iquivgérghs piri pi ri it itae aemg mgka kaet eth h ma akì akìrj rjiä iäêh êh a ge gest stic iciä iäña ñass ph phrt rtué uérgi rgiss ç jc jcis issg sglglgji jimi mi jh jhkh kh ma iphgh phrtuérgh.

MI EI\ADIÄÊH A AK@IPJIÄÑAZ Irt. :¿ I eivadiäêh, piri alagth alagth masta Paducikaeth, a jcissglgjimi jcissglgjimi jhkh? G - kir i iàr àrth? th? i ra raicg icgzim zimi i ak éd éduis uis kirë kirëtgk tgkis is jh jhesg esgmar marim imis is ma masi` si`rgd rgdimi imis, s, ph phmae maemh mh sar sar ma? i) chedh jursh? i raicgzimi aetra p phrths hrths `risgcagrhs a astriedagrhs>

`) ji`htidak? i raicgzimi raicgzimi aetra phrths hu pheths mh tarrgtúrgh `risgcagrh utgcgziemh i jgi kirëtgki hu asti a is vgis eivadévags getarghras> j) iphgh iphgh kirëtgkh? i raicg raicgzimi zimi piri h iphgh chdëstgjh i akìrjiäñas akìrjiäñas a gesti gesticiäñ ciäñas as ak édui éduiss tarrgthrgigs eijgheigs a ei _hei Ajheýkgji Axjcusgvi, qua ituak eis itgvgmimas ma pasqugsi a civri ma kgearigs a fgmrhjir`heaths MIZ GELPIÄÑAZ A RAEICGMIMAZ. ZAÄÊH G Mis Mgsphsgäñas Darigs Irt. 4¿ Jhestgtug gelriäêh âs radris mh mh tréladh iquivgérgh i geh` geh`sarvàejgi sarvàejgi ma qui quicquar cquar prajagth masta Paducikaeth, ma ehrkis jhkpcakaetiras akgtgmis paci iuthrgmima kirëtgki a ma ith hu rashcuäêh getareijgheic ritglgjimh pach @risgc, saemh h gelrithr suoagth âs paeicgmimas gemgjimis ak jimi irtgdh. § 9¿ Ç mi jhkpatïejgi mh raprasaetieta mi iuthrgmima kirëtgki i prarrhditgvi ma astiàcajar h vichr mi kucti a h parëhmh ma suspaesêh mh Jartglgjimh ma Fi`gcgtiäêh, raspagtimhs hs cgkgtas astgpucimhs easta § 0¿ Is gelriäñas, piriPaducikaeth. alagth ma kucti, astêh jcissglgjimis ak druph, saemh saus vichras astiàcajgmhs pach Ieaxh GG i asta Paducikaeth. Irt. 6¿ I paeicgmima ma suspaesêh mh Jartglgjimh ma fi`gcgtiäêh piri is gelriäñas pravgstis easta jipëtuch, shkaeta phmaré sar ipcgjimi ih iquivgérgh hu ikimhr akìrjimhs a ih prétgjh. Irt. 7¿ I gelriäêh a sau iuthr kitargic sarêh sarêh jhestitimhs? G - eh kh khkae kaeth th ak q qua ua lh lhrr pri pritgj tgjimi imi i gelriä gelriäêh> êh> GG - kam kamgie gieta ta ipu ipuriä riäêh> êh> GGG - phr gequçrgth gequçrgth imkge imkgegstri gstritgvh. tgvh. G\ - IQ]H MA GELPIÄÊH GELPIÄÊH ‚ OQCDIKAE]H OQCDIKAE]H i) Civrimh h Iuth, h gelrithr mgsphré ma qugeza (91) mgis ÿtags ma prizh piri iprasaetir sui malasi, jhetimhs i pirtgr mh mgi jhesajutgvh mh jhefajgkaeth mh Iuth ma Gelriäêh. Irt. 92. I ragejgmïejgi, piri alagth ma drimiäêh mis paeicgmimas paeicgmimas masta Paducikaeth, ç i rapatgäêh mi prétgji mi kaski gelriäêh ak uk parëhmh gduic hu gelarghr i mhza kasas. Rirédrilh ÿegjh. I ragejgmïejgi gkpcgjiré, ak jish ma paei ma kucti hu suspaesêh mh Jartglgjimh ma Fi`gcgtiäêh, sa h prúprgh irtgdh qua i gkpusar eêh astiàcajar hutrh prhjamgkaeth, ei kuctgpcgjiäêh mi paeicgmima phr mhgs, trïs a issgk sujassgvikaeta sujassgvikaeta,, jhelhrka is rapatgäñas ei prétgji mi gelriäêh. ZAÄÊH GG Mis Gelriäñas Gkputévags ihs Iuthras Kitargigs a mis Raeicgmimas Irt. 91. Gelriäñas racitgvis â mhtiäêh mhtiäêh ma gtaes a aqugpidak aqugpidak ma `hrmh?

G - ipra iprasaeti saetir-sa r-sa sa sak k i mht mhtiäêh iäêh raduc raducikaet ikaetir? ir?

Raei Raeicgmim cgmima? a? kucti mh druph M hu suspaesê suspaesêh h mh Jartgl Jartglgjimh gjimh ma fi`gc fi`gcgtiäê gtiäêh h itç sass sassaeti aeti mgis> GG - iprasaeti iprasaetirr jhk i mhtiäêh mhtiäêh gejhkp gejhkpcati? cati? Raeicgmima? kucti mh druph J hu suspaesêh mh Jartglgjimh ma fi`gcgtiäêh itç trgeti mgis > GGG- iprasaetir-sa jhk gtak hu aqugpikaeth mi mhtiäêh gehparieta, ak kiu astimh hu jhk prizh ma vicgmima vaejgmh? Raeicgmima? kucti mh druph J hu suspaesêh mh Jartglgjimh ma fi`gcgtiäêh itç trgeti mgis. Irt. 9 GG - eêh phrtir mhj mhjukaeth ukaeth ma radgstrh radgstrh hu ma gesj gesjrgäêh rgäêh mi akìrjiäêh? akìrjiäêh? Raeicgmima? kucti mh druph J hu suspaesêh mh Jartglgjimh ma Fi`gcgtiäêh itç trgeti trg eti mgis. Irt. 94. Gelriäñas racitgvis â gmaetglgjiäêh vgsuic mi akìrjiäêh a makigs kirjiäñas eh jisjh? G - al alat atui uirr is kirj kirjis is ma `h `hrm rmi i cgvr cgvra a ak ma masi sijh jhrm rmh h jh jhk k is as aspa pajg jglgj lgjiä iäña ñass mh rasp raspaj ajtgtgvh vh jartglgjimh? Raeicgmima? kucti mh druph M hu suspaesêh mh Jartglgjimh ma fi`gcgtiäêh itç sassaeti mgis> GG - magxir ma kirj kirjir ir eh jisjh is kirjis m ma a `hrmi cgvra? Raeicgmima? kucti mh druph M hu suspaesêh mh Jartglgjimh ma Fi`gcgtiäêh itç trgeti mgis> GGG - magxir ma kirjir eh jisjh h ehva mi akìrjiäêh a h phrth ma gesjrgäêh? Raeicgmima? kucti mh druph J hu suspaesêh mh Jartglgjimh ma Fi`gcgtiäêh itç trgeti mgis> G\ - magxir ma alatuir hutris kirjiäñas pravgstis? Raeicgmima? kucti mh druph I hu suspaesêh mh Jartglgjimh ma fi`gcgtiäêh itç trgeti mgis. Irt. 97. Gelriäñas racitgvis ihs jartglgjimhs a mhjukaeths aqugvicaetas, partgeaetas â akìrjiäêh? G - eêh phssugr qui quicqua cquarr jartglgjimh jartglgjimh hu mhjuka mhjukaeth eth aqugv aqugvicaet icaeta a axgdgmh? axgdgmh? Raeicgmima? kucti mh druph M hu suspaesêh mh Jartglgjimh ma fi`gcgtiäêh itç sassaeti mgis. GG - eêh phrtir hs jartglgjimhs hu mhjukaeths mhjukaeths aq aqugvicaeta ugvicaeta axgdgmh?

Raeicgmima? kucti mh druph J hu suspaesêh mh Jartglgjimh ma Fi`gcgmima itç trgeti mgis>

GGG - jartglgjimhs hu mhjukaeths aqugvicaetas axgdgmhs jhk prizh ma vicgmima vaejgmh? Raeicgmima? kucti mh druph J hu suspaesêh mh Jartglgjimh ma Fi`gcgtiäêh itç trgeti trg eti mgis. Irt. 02. Gelriäñas racitgvis ihs aqugpikaeths aqugpikaeths a cuzas cuzas ma eivadiäêh? G - ssak ak is cu cuza zass m ma ae eiv ivad adiä iäêh êh?? Raeicgmima? kucti mh druph J> GG - hpari hparirr cuzas ma eiv eivadiä adiäêh êh ak masijhr masijhrmh mh jhk i iss ehrk ehrkis? is? GGG - iprasaetir-sa jhk licti ma aqugpik aqugpikaeth aeth ma eivadiäêh axgdgmh? Raeicgmima? kucti mh druph @ hu suspaesêh mh Jartglgjimh ma Fi`gcgtiäêh itç sassaeti mgis> G\ - iprasaetir-sa jhk aqug aqugpikaeth pikaeth ma eivadiä eivadiäêh êh malagtuhsh hu gehp gehparieta? arieta? Raeicgmima? kucti mh druph @ hu suspaesêh mh Jartglgjimh ma fi`gcgtiäêh itç trgeti mgis> Irt. 09. Gelriäñas racitgvis ihs raqugsgths ma luejghei luejgheikaeth kaeth mhs aqugpikaeths? aqugpikaeths? G - aqugpi aqugpikaet kaeths hs ma jhkue jhkuegjiäñ gjiäñas as gehp gehparieta arietass hu luejgheika luejgheikaeth eth mhs aqu aqugpika gpikaeths eths?? Raeicgmima? kucti mh druph J hu suspaesêh mh Jartglgjimh ma fi`gcgtiäêh itç trgeti mgis> GG - aqug aqugpi pika kaet eths hs ma jh jhk` kìt ita a i gejï gejïem emgh gh a ma prht prhtaä aäêh êh jh jhet etri ri ge gejï jïem emgh gh ge gehp hpar arie ieta ta hu luejgheiemh prajirgikaeta? Raeicgmima? kucti mh Druph J hu suspaesêh mh Jartglgjimh ma Fi`gcgtiäêh itç sassaeti mgis> GGG - mgsphsgtgvhs piri ak akìrqua ìrqua ma prétgjh gehparieta gehparieta hu luejgheiemh luejgheiemh prajirgikaeta? Raeicgmima? kucti mh druph @ hu suspaesêh mh Jartglgjimh ma fi`gcgtiäêh itç trgeti mgis. Irt. 00. Gelriäñas ralaraetas âs âs ehrkis ma triesphrta? G - triesp triesphrtir hrtir axjassh axjassh ma jjirdi irdi hu rap raprasae rasaetir-sa tir-sa jhk jhk is cgefi cgefiss ma jirdi hu k kirjis irjis ma ma `hrmi cgvra su`karsis? Raeicgmima? kucti mh druph D hu suspaesêh mh Jartglgjimh ma fi`gcgtiäêh itç sassaeti mgis> GG - triesphrtir triesphrtir axjassh ma pissi pissidagrhs dagrhs hu axjamar i chtiäêh iuthrgzimi? Raeicgmima? kucti mh druph D hu suspaesêh mh Jartglgjimh ma fi`gcgtiäêh itç sassaeti mgis>

GGG - triesphrtir jirdi pargdhs pargdhsi i jhk i iss ehrkis?

Raeicgmima? kucti mh druph L hu suspaesêh mh Jartglgjimh ma Fi`gcgtiäêh itç trgeti mgis>

G\ - triesphrtir jirdi eh jhevçs ak masijhrmh jhk is ehrkis? Raeicgmima? kucti mh druph L hu suspaesêh mh Jartglgjimh ma Fi`gcgtiäêh itç trgeti mgis> \ - masjukprgr quicquar hutri radri pravgsti? Raeicgmima? kucti mh druph A hu suspaesêh mh |Jartglgjimh ma fi`gcgtiäêh itç trgeti mgis. G

Irt. 0:. Gelriäñas âs ehrkis ma tréladh? - jhem jhemuz uzgr gr akìrj akìrjiäê iäêh h ak asti astimh mh ma ak`rgi ak`rgidua duazz hu ipús ush ush ma su`s su`stàe tàejgi jgi ae aethr thrpaj pajaet aeta a hu túxgji, quiemh eêh jhestgtugr jrgka pravgsth ak cag?

Raeicgmima? suspaesêh mh Jartglgjimh ma Fi`gcgtiäêh itç jaeth a vgeta mgis. I ragejgmïejgi suoagtiré h gelrithr â paei ma jiejacikaeth mh Jartglgjimh ma Fi`gcgtiäêh> GG - triladi triladirr ak érai ras rasarvim arvimi i i ìefgsti ìefgsti hu axjcusgv axjcusgvi i piri matarkge matarkgeimh imh tgp tgph h ma akìr akìrjiäê jiäêh? h? Raeicgmima? kucti mh druph M hu suspaesêh mh Jartglgjimh ma fi`gcgtiäêh itç sassaeti mgis> GGG - magxir magxir m ma a jhe jhetriti tritirr prétgjh prétgjh q quiem uiemh h h`rg h`rgditú ditúrgh? rgh? Raeicgmima? kucti mh druph M hu suspaesêh mh Jartglgjimh ma Fi`gcgtiäêh itç sassaeti mgis> G\ - masjukprgr masjukprgr radri mh Pad Paducikaeth ucikaeth getare getareijgheic ijgheic p piri iri Avgtir Iìcrhikaeth eh KirPGRA KirPGRAIK? IK? Raeicgmima? kucti mh druph M hu suspaesêh mh Jartglgjimh ma fi`gcgtiäêh itç sassaeti mgis> \ - jius jiusir ir mieh miehss i sge sgeigs igs eéu eéutgj tgjhs? hs? Raeicgmima? kucti mh druph M hu suspaesêh mh Jartglgjimh ma Fi`gcgtiäêh itç sassaeti mgis> \G - mas masjuk jukprg prgrr is radris radris radgh radgheig eigss sh sh`ra `ra trélad tréladh, h, as asti` tiàca acajgm jgmhs hs pac pach h rap rapras rasaet aetiet ieta a chj chjic ic mi iuthrgmima kirëtgki? Raeicgmima? kucti mh druph M hu suspaesêh mh Jartglgjimh ma Fi`gcgtiäêh itç sassaeti mgis> \GG - vachjgm vachjgmima ima supa suparghr rghr â parkgtgmi? parkgtgmi? Raeicgmima? kucti mh druph J hu suspaesêh mh Jartglgjimh ma Fi`gcgtiäêh itç trgeti mgis> \GGG - masjukprgr quicquar hutri radri pravgsti, eêh aspajglgjimi ehs gejgshs ietarghras? Raeicgmima? kucti mh druph J hu suspaesêh mh Jartglgjimh ma Fi`gcgtiäêh itç trgeti trg eti mgis.

Irt. 0=. Zêh ipcgjévags ih Jhkiemieta, ak jish ma masjukprgkaeth mis jhkpatïejgis astiàcajgmis eh irt. 6¿ mi Cag e¿ 7.1:4, ma 9774, i kucti mh druph D a suspaesêh mh Jartglgjimh ma Fi`gcgtiäêh itç mhza kasas. Irt. :9. Hs jishs hkgsshs hu eêh pravgsths easta Paducikaeth sarêh rashcvgmhs paci iuthrgmima kirëtgki.

Druphs a \ichras ma Kuctis Ituickaeta ak \gdhr Hs Irtgdhs 99 i 06 mh Druphs Kuctis @

Ma P$=2,22 i P$022,22 Ma P$=2,22 i P$=22,22

J

Ma P$=2,22 i P$622,22

M

Ma P$=2,22 i P$9 `) jhemuzgmi phr pass passhic hic sak fi`gcgtiäêh> j) triladiem triladiemh h sak h ]GA> ]GA> m) saemh utgcgzimi utgcgzimi piri i prétgji ma jrgka> a) sakpçs issgkh cuzas cuzasas a timh kirjis pravgstis e eis is ehrkis ak vgdhr> l) triladiemh triladiem triladiemh h ak pçssgkh astimh m ma a jhesarvi jhes arviäêh> äêh> d) quiemh magxir magxir ma itaemar m matarkgeiäêh atarkgeiäêh piri getarrhkpar i sgedrimuri> sgedrimuri> f) ak jish ma vghciäêh ma cijra mi JR/MC/ID> g) quie quiemh mh,, sa saem emh h jcis jcissg sglglgji jimi mi jhkh jhkh ma asph asphrt rta a a/hu a/hu rajr rajrag agh, h, as astgtgva varr sa saem emh h utgc utgcgz gzim imi i jhkarjgickaeta piri h triesphrta ma pissidagrhs hu jirdi a turgskh a mgvarsêh> o) quiemh masjukprgemh is rastrgäñas astiàcajgmis piri is érais sacatgvis piri i eivadiäêh> c) triladiemh ak érai ma sadurieäi> a k) quiemh astgvar saemh jhemuzgmi phr passhic ak astimh ma ak`rgiduaz hu sh` alagth ma su`stàejgi túxgji ma quicquar eiturazi. Yuiemh hjhrrar ipraaesêh mi akìrjiäêh saré, h`rgdithrgikaeta, civrimh h iuth ma ipraaesêh, qua mavaré sar issgeimh paci iuthrgmima qua ipraaemau a, sakpra qua phssëvac, phr tastakuefis.

GE]APPQRÄÊH MA ZGEDPIMQPI, PA]GPIMI MA ]PÉLADH HQ GKRAMGKAE-]H MA ZIËMI MA AK@IPJIÄÊH I akìrjiäêh taré sui siëmi gkpamgmi hu sa saré ré ratgrimi ma tréladh pach takph eajassérgh piri sieir is grraducirgmimas, sak praouëzh mis paeicgmimas pravgstis, quiemh lcidrimi eis sadugetas sgtuiäñas? i) quiemh sau jhemuthr tgvar sui jirtagri ma fi`gcgtiäêh ipraaemgmi a eêh axgstgr passhi i `hrmh fi`gcgtimi piri jhemuzgr i akìrjiäêh> `) jhk axjassh ma chtiäêh> j) jhemuthr sak fi`gcgtiäêh aspa aspajëlgji jëlgji piri i érai ak qua asté eivadiemh> m) iusïejgi mhs trgpucietas trgpucietas pravgsths eh jirtêh m ma a trgpuciäêh ma saduri sadurieäi, eäi, jish h phssu phssui> i> a) licti ma axtgethras ma gejïemgh gejïemgh hu axtgethras lhri mh prizh prizh ma vicgmima> l) licti ma jhcatas jhcatas sicvi-vg sicvi-vgmis mis sulgjgaetas piri thmhs i `hrmh eh khkaeth mi gespaä gespaäêh> êh> d) licti ma aqugpikaeth hu hu aqugpikaeth ma jhkuegjiäñas jhkuegjiäñas rémgh h` h`rgditúrgh rgditúrgh ivirgimh> f) sak aqugpikaeth piri piri prhmuäêh mhs sge sgeigs igs shehrhs pravgsths e eh h PGRAIK> g) phcugemh h i ik`gaeta, k`gaeta, saoi jhk úcah, jhkùstëvac hu matrgths cieäimhs â édui> o) jhk axjassh m ma a úcah ehs phrñas> c) jhk h sgstaki acçtrgjh gehparieta> k)jhk sak licti ipiracfh ma luemagh>as ma sh`ravgvïej e) mis akìrjiäñas akìrjiäñ sh`ravgvïejgi/ìcsis gi/ìcsis sicvi-vgmis hu jhk h prizh ma vicgmi vicgmima ma ma ravgsêh vaejgmh> a h) jhk `ÿsshci hu iducfi kideçtgji/dgrhsjúpgji kideçtgji/dgrhsjúpgji gehparieta.

IRPAAEZÊH MI JIP]AGPI MA FI@GCG]IÄÊH Zuspaesêh a Ipraaesêh mi Fi`gcgtiäêh I Jirtagri ma Fi`gcgtiäêh mh Ikimhr (JFI) phmaré sar suspaesi hu ipraaemgmi, pach prizh kéxgkh ma itç 902 mgis, sakpra qua h ikimhr? - Aetradir i jhemuäêh jhemuäêh mi akìrjiäêh â passhi passhi eêh fi`gcgtim fi`gcgtimi> i> - Jhemuzgr i akìrjiäêh ak astimh ma ak`rgiduaz ak`rgiduaz icjhúcgji hu sh` alagth ma su`stà su`stàejgi ejgi túxgji ma quicquar eiturazi> - Qtgcgzir Qtgcgzir i akìrjiäê akìrjiäêh h ma asphrta a/hu rajragh rajragh,, ak itgvgmimas itgvgmimas jhkarjgigs, jhkarjgigs, piri triesphrt triesphrta a ma pissidagrhs hu jirdi> a - Qtgcgzir i akìrjiäêh piri prétgji ma jrgka.

Jiejacikaeth mi Fi`gcgtiäêh H ikimhr taré sui Jirtagri jiejacimi, quiemh? - Jhemuzgr akìrjiäêh akìrjiäêh jhk Jirtagri Jirtagri ma Fi`gcgtiäêh suspaesi> a - Pagejgmgr ak lictis mgsjrgkgeimis mgsjrgkgeimis eh gtak ietarghr.( AK QK RAPGHMH MA 90 KAZAZ) sêh h mgvgmgmis is ér érai aissak?he hema ma uk uki i ak akì ìrj rjiä iäêh êh ak akpr praa aaem ema a uk uki i É rais ma hu Eieivadiäêh, vadiäêh - a sê sgedrimuri sêh

i) Kir Iàrth - i raicgzimi ak éduis kirëtgkis jhesgmarimis masi`rgdimis. Riri Ri ri al alag agth thss ma ipcg ipcgji jiäê äêh h mass massis is eh ehrk rkis is,, is érai éraiss ma ei eiva vadi diäê äêh h ma ki kirr i` iàr arth th sa sarê rêh h su`mgvgmgmis ehs sadugetas tgphs?

9) Eivadiäêh jh jhstagri - iquaci raicgzimi maetrh mhs cgkgtas ma vgsg`gcgmima mi jhsti (M\J) itç i mgstàejgi ma 02 kgcfis> a 0) Eivadiäêh hj hjaàegji - jhesgmarimis sak rastrgäñas (ZP), iquaci raicgzimi icçk mis 02 kgcfis mi jhsti. - isu`mgvgmgmis raicgzimi akehs éduis jhesgmarimis `) Getarghr getarghr sarêh sadugetas tgphs? i`rgdimis. Is érais ma eivadiäêh rg hs a jieigs, hema 9) Érai 9 - érais i`rgdimis, tigs jhkh cidhs, cidhis, ìëis, rghs ehrkickaeta eêh saoik varglgjimis hemis jhk icturis sgdeglgjitgvis qua eêh iprasaetak mglgjucmimas ih tréladh mis akìrjiäñas.

0) Érai 0 - érais pirjgickaeta i`rgdimis, hema avaetuickaeta saoik h`sarvimis hemis jhk icturis sgdeglgjitgvis a/hu jhk`geiäñas imvarsis ma idaetas ik`gaetigs, tigs jhkh vaeth, jhrraetazi hu kirç, qua mglgjuctak h tréladh mis akìrjiäñas. Hs Ikimhras fi`gcgtimhs ei jitadhrgi ma Kastra-Ikimhr , icçk ma astirak ipths i jhemuzgr akì ak ìrj rjiä iäña ñass maet maetrh rh mhs mhs cgkgt cgkgtas as mi Eiva Eivadi diäê äêh h Geta Getarg rghr hr,, ph phma mak k ei eiva vadi dir, r, itç itç h cgcgkg kgta ta mi Eivadiäêh Jhstagri (itç 02 kgcfis mi jhsti). 0. Eivadiäêh Hjaàegji - tik`çk malgegmi jhkh sak rastrgäñas (ZP), gsth ç, iquaci raicgzimi aetra phrths eijgheigs a astriedagrhs lhri mhs cgkgtas ma vgsg`gcgmima mi jhsti a sak hutrhs cgkgtas astiàcajgmhs icçk ma 02 kgcfis mi jhsti. Hs Ikimhras fi`gcgtimhs ei jitadhrgi ma Jipgtêh-Ikimhr  astêh astêh ipths i jhemuzgr akìrjiäñas ak thmis is érais, hu saoi, sak cgkgtiäñas dahdrélgjis.

Gesjrgäêh a Padgstrh ma Akìrjiäêh Gesjrgäêh mi Akìrjiäêh - Ç h sau jimistrikaeth ei Jipgtiegi, Macadijgi hu Idïejgi, jhk itrgùgäêh mh eÿkarh eÿkarh ma gesjrgäêh. Riri akìrjiäñas kgÿmis i gesjrgäêh saré sgkpcglgjimi, h mhjukaeth axpamgmh paci Jipgtiegi saré h ]ëtuch ma Gesjrgäêh ma Akìrjiäêh Kgÿmi (]GAK)> piri akìrjiäñas ma kçmgh a driema phrta, h mhjukaeth axpamgmh saré h ]ëtuch ma Gesjrgäêh ma Akìrjiäêh (]GA).

Astêh h`rgdimis i gesjrgäêh? - ]hmis is akìrjiäñas akìrjiäñas jhk prhpucsêh prhpucsêh i khthr, gemapaemae gemapaemaeta ta mh sau jhkprgkaeth> - ]hmis is akìrjiäñas akìrjiäñas ma kçmgh a driema driema phrta, axjath hs mgs mgsphsgtgvhs phsgtgvhs lcutuietas mastgeimhs mastgeimhs i sarak ra`hjimhs, mh tgph –ìeiei-`hit‛, jhk itç 92 katrhs ma jhkprgkaeth

Astêh mgspaesimis ma gesjrgäêh? Icçk mhs mgsphsgtgvhs lcutuietas jgtimhs ijgki, is akìrjiäñas kgÿmis, masma qua eêh phssuik khthr . \icgmima mi Mhjukaetiäêh - Jirtagri ma Fi`gcgtiäêh ma Ikimhr Ikimhr ‚ 92 iehs> - ]ëtuch ma Gesjrgäêh ma Akìrjiäñas Akìrjiäñas ‚ 1 iehs> iehs> @gcfata ma Zadurh H`rgditúrgh ‚ 90 kasas.

- Gmaetgmim Gmaetgmima a passhic passhic ]hmis is akìrjiäñas mavarêh phrtir, quiemh ipcgjévac, hs mhjukaeths cgstimhs ijgki.

Fi`gcgtiäêh Is axgdïejgis ma ma eëvac ma fi`gcgtiäêh pir piri i jhemuzgr akìrjiäñ akìrjiäñas as ma Asphrta a Pajra Pajragh gh sêh? kgÿmis â vaci, akpradim akpradimis is ak éduis getarghras> 9) \aca \acagr grh h - piri akìrjiäñas kgÿmis 0) Khthe Khtheiut iutii - piri is khth iquétgjis, akpradimis ak éduis getarghras>

:) Irrigs-Ik Irrigs-Ikimhr imhr - piri quicquar akìrjiäêh ikimhri maetrh mhs cgkgtas mi Eivadiäêh Getarghr> =) Kast Kastra ra-I -Iki kimh mhrr - pir piri i quicqu quicquar ar akìr akìrjiä jiäêh êh ikim ikimhri hri jcis jcissgl sglgji gjimi mi piri Jhstagri> a

Eiv Eivadi adiäêh äêh

1) Jipgtê Jipgtêh-I h-Ikim kimhr hr - quicquar akìrjiäêh ikimhri jcissglgjimi piri hjaàegji, sak cgkgtiäñas dahdrélgjis. Riri h`tar assis fi`gcgtiäñas, h getarassimh mava gesjravar-sa eis Jipgtiegis piri hs axikas partgeaetas, jhelhrka astiàcajgmh eh Jipëtuch 1, hu ak úrdêh hu aetgmima qua vaefi i sar jramaejgimh paci MRJ piri assa lgk. Is Jirtagris ma Fi`gcgtiäêh axpamgmis phr iuthrgmimas kirëtgkis astriedagris sêh ijagtis eh @risgc.

Jhesgmariäñass Darigs Jhesgmariäña 9) I gmima këegki piri prastiäêh ma axika piri is jitadhrgis ma ikimhras saré? i) 6 (hgth) iehs piri \acagrhs, sh` sh` i rasphesi`gcgmi rasphesi`gcgmima ma mh pig, tuthr hu rasphesé rasphesévac vac cadic> a `) 96 (mazhgth) iehs piri Khtheiuti, Khtheiuti, Irrigs-Ikimhr, Kastra-I Kastra-Ikimhr kimhr hu Jipgtêh-Iki Jipgtêh-Ikimhr. mhr.

MHJQKAE]HZ ]hmis is akìrjiäñas mavarêh phrtir, quiemh ipcgjévac, hs mhjukaeths cgstimhs iìgxh? i) ]ëtuch ma Gesjrgäêh ma Akìrjiäêh (]GA)> a `) @gcfa @gcfata ta ma Zadurh H`rgdit H`rgditúrgh úrgh ma Mieh Miehss Rasshigs Jiusimhs Jiusimhs phr Akì Akìrjiäñ rjiäñas as a sui Jirdi (MRAK). j) fi`g fi`gcgtiä cgtiäêh êh a gmaetgmima. gmaetgmima.

KIPJIÄÑAZ A GEZJPGÄÑAZ EH JIZJH i) Kirjiäñas? 9) Akìrjiäñas ak Daric - thmi akìrjiäêh mavaré sar kirjimi ma khmh vgsëvac a murévac? Ei Rhpi - ehka mi akìrjiäêh ouetikaeta jhk h phrth a eÿkarh ma gesjrgäêh, jhk catris ma, eh këegkh, 92jk ma icturi a eÿkarhs ma, eh këegkh, 0jk ma icturi> a Ehs @hrmhs - ehka ehs mhgs `hrmhs phmaemh sar eh jhstimh hu eis citarigs mi suparastruturi,

i jrgtçr jrgtçrgh gh mh prh prhprg prgaté atérgh rgh,, ak ph phsgä sgäêh êh vgs vgsëva ëvacc a ak tik tikief iefh h ipr iprhpr hprgim gimh h âs mgkaes mgkaesñas ñas mi akìrjiäêh.

Akìrjiäñas Kgÿmis - is ak akì ìrj rjiä iäña ñass kg kgÿm ÿmis is ge gesj sjrg rgti tiss mava mavarê rêh h sa sarr ki kirj rjim imis is h`rgdithrgikaeta jhk h eÿkarh ma gesjrgäêh eh jhstimh, ehs mhgs `hrmhs a ak phsgäêh vgsëvac. Ç lijuctitgvh kirjir assis akìrjiäñas jhk h ehka eh jhstimh.

EHKAZ MA AK@IPJIÄÑAZ Iuthrgziäêh a ictariäêh ma Ehka? i) Hs ehk ehkas as mis mis akì akìrj rjiä iäña ñass sh shka kaet eta a phma phmarê rêh h sar i iut uthr hrgz gzim imhs hs hu i icta ctari rimh mhs, s, i pa pamg mgmh mh mh prhprgatérgh, jhk i ieuïejgi mis JR, MC hu ID> `) Mav avar arê êh sar iuth thrg rgzi zim mhs ip ipae aeis is ehk hkas as mglar glarae aeta tass miq iqu uaca cass oé jim jimistri strim mhs j) Eêh mavar ma varêh êh sar iuthr iuthrgzi gzimh mhss ehkas ehkas qua phs phssik sik ji jiusi usirr jhe jhestr stried iedgka gkaeth eths, s, tig tigss jhk jhkh h ehk ehkas as h`sjaehs a/hu hlaesgvhs i passhis hu gestgtugäñas> m) Ri Riri ri iu iuth thrg rgzi ziäê äêh h hu ict ictar ariä iäêh êh m ma a ehk ehkas as m mis is akì akìrj rjiä iäña ñas, s, is JR JR,, MC hu ID ma mava varê rêh h jhesuctir h ZGZDAK@> a a) Jish Jish sao saoi i jh jhes esti titi timi mi axgs axgstï tïej ejgi gi ma a ak` kìr irji jiäê äêh h jh jhk k h kas kaskh kh e ehk hka, a, i iuth iuthrg rgzi ziäê äêh h eê eêh h mavaré sar jhejamgmi, mavaemh h prhprgatérgh gelhrkir h ehvh ehka i sar utgcgzimh.

RPI_H MA GEZJPGÄÊH Hs pamgmhs ma gesjrgäêh a/hu radgstrh mavarêh sar alatuimhs, ma ijhrmh jhk h pravgsth ei Cag e¿ 4. hu j) Ma su sui i jfad jfadim imi i ih ph phrt rth h hem hema sa saré ré ges gesjjrg rgti ti a hu radg radgst stri rim mi, qui quie emh imqugrgmi hu jhestruëmi eh astriedagrh.

Astêh h`rgdimis i gesjrgäêh? - ]hmis is akìrjiäñas akìrjiäñas jhk prhpucsêh prhpucsêh i khthr, gemapaemae gemapaemaeta ta mh sau jhkprgkaeth> - ]hmis is akìrjiäñas akìrjiäñas ma kçmgh a driema driema phrta, axjath hs mgs mgsphsgtgvhs phsgtgvhs lcutuietas mastgeimhs mastgeimhs i sarak ra`hjimhs, mh tgph –ìeiei-`hit‛, jhk itç 92 katrhs ma jhkprgkaeth

Astêh mgspaesimis ma gesjrgäêh? Icçk mhs mgsphsgtgvhs lcutuietas jgtimhs ijgki, is akìrjiäñas kgÿmis, masma qua eêh phssuik khthr .

\icgmima mi Mhjukaetiäêh - Jirtagri ma Fi`gcgtiäêh Fi`gcgtiäêh ma Ikimhr Ikimhr ‚ 92 iehs> ]ëtuch ma Gesjrgäêh ma Akìrjiäñas ‚ 1 iehs> - @gcfata ma Zadurh H`rgditúrgh ‚ 90 kasas. - Gmaetgmim Gmaetgmima a passhic. passhic.

]hmis is akìrjiäñas mavarêh phrtir, quiemh ipcgjévac, hs mhjukaeths cgstimhs ijgki.

JHKRHZGÄÊH MI JI]ADHPGI MA IKIMHPAZ Ikimhr ç thmh iquaca jhk fi`gcgtiäêh jartglgjimi pach Paprasaetieta mi Iuthrgmima Kirëtgki piri Zadurieäi mh ]réladh Iquivgérgh (MRJ) piri hparir akìrjiäñas ma asphrta a/hu rajragh, ak jirétar eêh prhlgssgheic. i) Jitadhrgis Zêh mgstrgùëmhs pacis sadugetas jitadhrgis?

JI]ADHPGI ZGDCI Jipgtêh-Ikimhr JRI Kastra-Ikimhr KZI Irrigs-Ikimhr IPI Khtheiuti K]I \acagrh \CI \CI

GEZËDEGIZ MHZ IKIMHPAZ IPPIGZ-IKIMHP QKI AZ]PACI MHQPIMI

KAZ]PA-IKIMHP MQIZ AZ]PACIZ MHQPIMIZ

JIRG]ÊH-IKIMHP ]PÏZ AZ]PACIZ MHQPIMIZ

Jimi astraci lhrkimhri mis gesëdegis taré h mgàkatrh kéxgkh ma 9 (uk) jaetëkatrh. Is gesëdegis, ma ush lijuctitgvh, piri sarak usimis jhkh mgstgetgvh hu `hrmimis, eis cipacis, jikgsatis hu `heçs.

MH]IÄÊH MA JHCA]AZ ZIC\I-\GMIZ I mhtiäêh ma jhcatas mavaré sar, pach kaehs kaehs,, gduic ih eÿkarh thtic ma passhis passhis i `hrmh, mavaemh fivar jhcatas ma tikiefh paquaeh piri is jrgieäis, h`sarvimis is sadugetas Jcissas? JCIZZGLGJIÄÊH MHZ KI]APGIGZ Hs aqugpikaeths sicvi-vgmis a ma sadurieäi jgtimhs easta jipëtuch phmak sar jcissglgjimhs jhelhrka iìgxh? JCIZZA G - li`rgjimh jhelhrka raqugsgths pravgsths ei Jhevaeäêh Ge Geta tare reij ijgh ghei eicc pi piri ri i Zicv Zicvid idui uirm rmi i mi \gmi \gmi Fu Fuki kiei ei eh Ki Kirr (Z (ZHC HCIZ IZ). ). Qt Qtgcgcgz gzim imhs hs eis eis akìrjiäñas akpradimis ei Eivadiäêh Hjaàegji. JCIZZA GG - li`rgjimh jhk ìsa ehs raqugsgths ijgki, i`riemimhs piri ush eis akìrjiäñas akpradimis ei Eivadiäêh Jhstagri. JCIZZA GGG - li`rgjimh piri ush eis akìrjiäñas akpradimis ei eivadiäêh getarghr. JCIZZA G\ - li`rgjimh piri akpradh, phr chedhs parëhmhs, phr passhis aevhcvgmis ak triìcfhs raicgzimhs prúxgkhs â `hrmi mi akìrjiäêh hu suspaeshs phr priejfis hu hutrhs mgsphsgtgvhs, qua jhrrik rgsjh ma jigr ei édui ijgmaetickaeta. JCIZZA \ li`rgjimh piri akpradh axjcusgvh ak itgvgmimas asphrtgvis tgph khth iquétgji, ìeiei`hit , asqug iquétgjh, wgemsurl , pirisigc , riltged , ngtasurl , pasji asphrtgvi, akìrjiäñas ma kçmgh phrta (akpradimis ei eivadiäêh getarghr) a akìrjiäñas kgÿmis.

Jhcatas? 9) varglgjir sa i quietgmima ma jhcatas sicvi-vgmis axgstaeta i `hrmh jhrrasphema â chtiäêh mi akìrjiäêh? - Jcissa GG (kir iàrth)> - Jcissa GGG (getarghr) hu \ (asphrtgvh, phmaemh sar utgcgzimh ei eivadiäêh getarghr ak akìrjiäñas itç 0= katrhs). 0) hs jhcatas jcissas GG a GGG mavarêh phrtir ipgth lgrkakaeta prash phr uk lgac> a :) varglgjir sa hs jhcatas astêh astgvimhs ma kieagri i sarak prhetikaeta utgcgzimhs, ak chjic vgsëvac, àk sgeicgzimh a ma léjgc ijassh.

KIPJIÄÑAZ EHZ AYQGRIKAE]HZ ZIC\I-\GMIZ Hs kitargigs ma sicvitidak i sarak akpradimhs eis akìrjiäñas ma asphrta a/hu rajragh eêh eajassgtik sar kirjimhs a phmak sar akprastimhs ma hutris akìrjiäñas. Ehs aqugpikaeths mavarêh astir gemgjimhs h eÿkarh mh Jartglgjimh ma Fhkhchdiäêh, ehka mh li`rgjieta, khmach, jcissa, eÿkarh ma sçrga a miti ma sui li`rgjiäêh.

ICQDQAC MA AK@IPJIÄÑAZ (JFIP]AP (JFIP]AP ) i) H icuduac ma akìrjiäñas ma asphrta a/hu rajragh sú ç imkgtgmh jhk i lgeicgmima axjcusgvi ma rajraiäêh hu piri i prétgji ma asphrtas pach chjitérgh>

QZH MI @ IEMAGPI E IJGHEIC ]hmi akìrjiäêh ma asphrta a rajragh, axjaäêh lagti is akìrjiäñas kgÿmis mavaré igemi h`sarvir is radris mh Jargkhegic Kirëtgkh ak raciäêh ih ush mi @iemagri Eijgheic. Aetra tigs radris rassictikhs is sadugetas?

- sú usir usir ei Rhpi i @iemagri Eijgheic,

- i ì ìema emagri gri Eijghe Eijgheic ic saré saré usimi usimi h`rgdi h`rgdithr thrgik gikaet aeta? a? ei aet aetrim rimi i a sië siëmi mi mhs phrths phrths>> qu quiem iemh h trilad tri ladiem iemh h â vgsti vgsti ma hutri hutri akìrj akìrjiäê iäêh, h, ma phvhiä phvhiäêh êh hu lirhc lirhc jhk duire duiregäê gäêh> h> ak phrth eijgheic mis 6 fhris ih pýr-mh-shc a, ak phrth astriedagrh, ijhkpiefiemh h jargkhegic mh raspajtgvh piës> - h jukprgkaeth aetra aetra akìrjiäña akìrjiäñass ç lagth gäiemh a irrgiemh i @iemagri Eijgheic> - ç prhg`g prhg`gmh mh h us ush h mi @iemagri Eijgheic lhri mis aspajglgjiäñas pravgstis ak cag hu qua eêh sa aejhetra ak `hk astimh ma jhesarviäêh> - akìemagrir i akìrjiäêh akìrjiäêh ak driema dici, paquae paquaei i dici hu luearic eis mitis pravgstis, pravgstis, qua sêh? Driema Dici? 4 ma Zatak`rh a 91 ma Ehvak`rh>  Raquaei Dici? 9² ma Oieagrh, 09 ma I`rgc, 9² ma Kigh, 99 ma Ouefh, 97 ma Ehvak`rh, 9: ma Mazak`rh a 01 ma Mazak`rh> a  Luearic? 0 ma Ehvak`rh.

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JIP]I EÉQ]GJI H Yua ç uki Jirti Eéutgji8 I jirti eéutgji eimi kigs ç mh qua i raprasaetiäêh ak uki érai pciei ma uk trajfh mi suparlëjga mi ]arri. ]ic raprasaetiäêh, h`vgikaeta, saré ak uki asjici jhevaegaeta a phr sar eéutgji, iprasaetiré i pirta ma éduis a ma cgthric , jhk kugth kighras gelhrkiäñas mh qua uk kipi qua sa hjupi quisa qua uegjikaeta, mi pirta tarrastra mi suparlëjga ma ehssh pcieati. I jirti eéutgji icç icçk k ma phss phssg`g g`gcgt cgtir ir i vgsui vgsuicgzi cgziäêh äêh ma ehs ehssi si phsgäêh phsgäêh a mh rukh ak qua eivadikhs, mé tik`çk gelhrkiäñas sh`ra pargdhs, prhluemgmima a iuxëcghs qua parkgtak uk eivadir kigs sadurh mi akìrjiäêh.

I Hrgaetiäêh mis Jirtis Jhk riris axjaäñas, quisa thmis cgdimis i jirtis lcuvgigs a cijustras, h ehrta (E) asté sakpra ei mgraäêh mi pirta suparghr  a a h suc  (Z) (Z) ei mgraäêh mi pirta gelarghr mi jirti> jhesaqóaetakaeta h casta (A) asté â mgragti a h hasta (T) asquarmi. Is jitadhrgis ikimhris ma Irrigs a ma \acagrh, \acagrh, qua sú phmak eivadir ak éduis getarghras a/hu a/hu éduis iàrtis eis prhxgkgmimas mi ìrri mhs phrths, ak cgkgtas lgximhs pach Jipgtêh mhs Rhrths ak jimi chjic, sú usirêh jirtis ma driema asjici, hu saoi, rgjis ak maticfas, pirtgjucirkaeta iquacas ma ìcgzikaeth uki vaz qua i eivadiäêh qua lizak ç, luemikaetickaeta, uki eiva ei vadi diääêh pr prét étgj gji i ra rajjhe hefa faja jaem emh h phet pheths hs a mata matark rkge geim imh h sa saus us rukh rukhss itri itrivç vçss ma tic tic rajhefajgkaeth.

KH]HZ IYQÉ]GJIZ A ZGKGCIPAZ

DAEAPICGMIMAZ

i) Assis akìrjiäñas phssuak, ehrkickaeta, prhpucsêh i oith m‗édui a jfadik i masaevhcvar vachjgmimas suparghras i :2 eús. Zui kieh`ri`gcgmima asté jhemgjgheimi i vérghs lithras, tigs jhkh h astimh a is jhemgäñas mi édui a mh vaeth a, prgejgpickaeta, â fi`gcgmima a prétgji mh jhemuthr jhk h tgph ma kéqugei. Hs khmachs axgstaetas sêh mglaraetas quieth ih aqugcë`rgh a h khvg khvgka kaet eth h eaja eajass ssér érgh gh piri piri sa kiet kietar ar as asté téva vac.c. Jh Jhk k thmi thmiss as assi siss ji jiri rijt jtar arës ëstgj tgjis is a phssg` phs sg`gcg gcgmim mimas as thr threiei-sa sa eaj eajass assérg érgi i i imhäê imhäêh h ma matark matarkgei geimis mis kamgmi kamgmiss pravae pravaetgv tgvis is ma \gsg`gcgmima - i vgsg`gcgmima mh jhemuthr ma khth iquétgji ç praoumgjimi eh sathr ma vieta ak `) sadurieäi. lueäêh mi gejcgeiäêh mi akìrjiäêh a mhs raspgedhs m‗édui a ehs makigs sathras paci prúprgi vachjgmima mi akìrjiäêh. Pajhkaemi-sa jiutaci imgjgheic ih jhemuthr, ak lija mis rastrgäñas masjrgtis. j) Pa`hqua - ak lija mis mgvarsis pajucgirgmimas a rastrgäñas ma sadurieäi iprasaetimis paci khth iquétgji, ç prhg`gmh h akpradh masta tgph ma akìrjiäêh piri ra`hqua, saoi ma hutri akìrj ak` irjiäê iäêh, h, ma passh passhis is pri pritgj tgjiem iemh h asqug asqug iqu iquétg étgjh jh hu itgvgm itgvgmima imass sgk sgkgci gciras ras.. Is kht khths hs iquétgjis i pirtgr ma trïs cudiras a is akpradimis eh sarvgäh ma sicvikaeth mi vgmi fukiei a ak asphrtas iquétgjhs mh tgph thw-ge surl astêh gsaetis massi prhg`gäêh. m) Imvartïejgi - ç h`rgditúrgh h ush ma pciji hu imasgvh oueth â jfiva ma gdegäêh mi khth iquétg iqu étgji ji icarti icartiemh emh h us usuér uérgh gh qui quieth eth i h`rgdi h`rgdithr thrgam gamima ima mh jhe jhemut muthr hr sar fi` fi`gcgt gcgtimh imh jhkh jhkh Khtheiuti (K]I). a) Rissidagrhs - ç prhg`gmi i jhemuäêh ma pissidagrh ei lraeta mh jhemuthr fi`gcgtimh i lgk ma eêh praoumgjir i vgsg`gcgmima a i jipijgmima ma kieh`ri mi akìrjiäêh. l) Gestruthras - quiemh ak gestruäêh piri i h`taeäêh mi –Majciriäêh ma Lraquïejgi piri Khth Kh thei eiut utis is‛‛ ç pa park rkgtgtgm gmh h ih ic icue ueh h jhem jhemuz uzgr gr i ak akì ìrj rjiä iäêh êh ma masm sma a qu qua a ma mavg vgmi mika kaet eta a suparvgsgheimh pach gestruthr mi kirgei, mi aetgmima masphrtgvi eéutgji, mi isshjgiäêh eéutgji, mh jc jcu` uà a eéut eéutgj gjh, h, mh mhss ra rava vaem emam amhr hras as/j /jhe heja jass ssgh gheé eérg rgis is ma kh khth th iq iqué uétgtgji ji,, mi miss ak akpr pras asis is aspajgicgzimiss ak trageikaeth a lhrkiäêh ma jhemuthras ma akìrjiäñas hu mi asjhci eéutgji, aspajgicgzimi mavgmikaeta jimistrimh, qua saré h rasphesévac ak kgegstrir jhk sadurieäi is iucis, ak h`sarviäêh âs gestruäñas prajhegzimis easti ehrki. ]ic gestruäêh mavaré sar raicgzimi ak érai qua eêh jiusa getarlarïejgi jhk i raicgziäêh ma hutris itgvgmimas a, prgejgpickaeta, jhk ìef ì efgs gsti tis. s. I jrgt jrgtçr çrgh gh mh Jipg Jipgtê têh h mhs mhs Rh Rhrt rths hs,, i ER ERJR JR/E /ERJ RJL L ph phma maré ré as asti tià àca caja jarr eh ehrk rkis is jhkpcakaetiras piri i raicgziäêh massi itgvgmima ma gestruäêh.

AYQGRIKAE]HZ MA ZADQPIEÄI i) Zêh h`rgditúrghs hs sadugetas aqugpikaeths? 9) ush ush mh jhca jhcata ta ssic icvi vi-v -vgm gmis is,, jci jciss ssa a GG, GGGG GG hu \ \,, fhkh fhkhch chdi dimh mhss paci paci M MRJ RJ pir piri i h jh jhem emut uthr hr a pissidagrh. Hs jhcatas gkphrtimhs mavak astir fhkhchdimhs paci Iuthrgmima Kirëtgki mh piës ma hrgdak jhk ìsa ak raqugsgths eh këegkh aqugvicaetas ihs axgdgmhs pachs raducikaeths eijgheigs> a 0) jfiv jfiva a ma ssad adur urie ieäi äi iti itimi mi ih ih pucs pucsh, h, ih jjhc hcat ata a hu i qu quic icqu quar ar hut hutri ri pi pirt rta a mh jh jhem emut uthr hr,, ma lhrki qua ih sa sapirir lgsgjikaeta mi akìrjiäêh ak khvgkaeth i prhpucsêh saoi mascgdimi iuthkitgjikaeta, hu ramuzgmi i ijacariäêh mi kéqugei. `) Aqugpikaeths ma sadurieäi rajhkaemé rajhkaemévags vags Ç rajhkaemévac h ush ma újuchs prhtathras a cuvis.

Ehäñas ma sh`ravgvïejgi eh kir.

Getrhmuäêh

Gegjgirakhs idhri h astumh mi mgsjgpcgei –Zh`ravgvïejgi eh Kagh Iquivgérgh, mastijiemh, masma oé, i racavàejgi mh issueth issueth iprasaetimh piri piri quicquar prhlgssghei prhlgssgheicc akìrjimh.

Zh`ravgvïejgi Zh`ravgvïej gi ç h jheoueth ma prhjamgkaeths a itgtumas imhtimhs phr uk druph ma passhis, hu phr uki passhi, sarak rasditimhs jhk vgmi. qua sa aejhetrik ak sgtuiäêh imvarsi, jhk i lgeicgmima ma I sh`ravgvïejgi phma phma sar maehkgeimi maehkgeimi saduemh h kagh eh quic aci hjhrra. Rhr assa jrgtçrgh, jrgtçrgh, takhs mgvarshs tgphs ma sh`ravgvïejgi jhkh ei sacvi, eh kir, eh masarth hu eh dach. Ehssh astumh saré jaetrimh eis pajucgirgmimas mi sh`ravgvïejgi eh kagh iquivgérgh. Rrhtadar-sa mh shc, vaeth, édui mh kir a mh lrgh a, sh`ratumh, prhjurir kietar h aqugcë`rgh fëmrgjh mh hrdiegskh, jhesarviemh i édui mh jhrph, sêh àk kigs gkphrtietas mh qua jhkar. Is akìrjiäñas ma sh`ravgvïejgi kh khmareis mareis sêh mhtimis mhtimis ma riäñas súcgmis, súcgmis, jhkphstis prgejgpickaeta ma ìcis ma dhki (ououìs) a jfgjcatas, hu aetêh, ma ti`catas ma uk jhkphsth â ìsa ma dcgjhsa. I axpcgjiäêh piri assi jhkphsgäêh mi riäêh súcgmi ma sh`ravgvïejgi eh kir asté eh lith ma qua h jhrph eajassgti, prgkagrikaeta ma iäÿjir a dhrmuri , a eêh ma jirea (prhtaëeis).

riäêh súcgmi

Is ìcis ma dhki dhki phssuak ak sui jh jhkphsgäêh kphsgäêh jarji ma 72% ma iäÿjir a ipa ipaeis eis 92% ma ikgmh. H hrdiegskh kati`hcgzi kigs lijgckaeta hs dcgjëmghs (iäÿjiras), prhmuzgemh aeardgi qua gré kietar is lueäñas vgtigs mh gemgvëmuh. I ìgxi jhejaetriäêh jhejaetriäêh ma dcgjhsa eh hrdiegskh hrdiegskh jhkprhkata is raiäñas `ghquëkgjis `ghquëkgjis,, jhkh i dcgjúcgsa, phr kagh mi quic sa prhmuz i aeardgi eajassérgi piri i kieutaeäêh mis lueäñas vgtigs. Yuiemh h gemgvëmuh iprasaeti ìgxi jhejaetriäêh ma dcgjhsa eh siedua, mgz-sa qua sau quimrh ç ma fgphdcgjakgi, h qua phma ijirratir jhevucsñas.

@ICAAGPI

@ICZI GELCÉ\AC

H jichr tik`çk phma trizar jhesaquïejgis praoumgjgigs piri is passhis ak sh`ravgvïejgi eh kir. Yuagkimuris, axiustêh pach jichr, geshciäêh, masgmritiäêh, ipaeis piri jgtir icdukis. H ispajth psgjhcúdgjh mh eéulridh tik`çk mava sar jhesgmarimh jhkh lithr praphemarieta piri i sui sh`ravgvïejgi. I jgïejgi jhchji â mgsphsgäêh mhs eéulridhs uki sçrga ma aqugpikaeths qua hòatgvik prhchedir i ohreimi ma sh`ravgvïejgi eh kir itç h khkaeth mh rasdita. ]hmi sh`ravgvïejgi prassupña prassupña i axgstïejgi ma uk cëmar, hu saoi, uki passhi aejirradimi mi ligei, qua taefi jhefajgkaeths mis tçjegjis a prhjamgkaeths ma sh`ravgvïejgi eh kir, rasphesévac phr kietar h khric mh druph acavimh. Qki `hi cgmarieäi ei ìcsi ramuz sgdeglgjitgvikaeta i phssg`gcgmima ma jhelcgths a iukaeti is jfiejas ma sujassh ei sh`ravgvïejgi. Jhkh axakpchs ma tigs paesikaeths, phmak sar jgtimhs hs sadugetas? jucpi pach qua asté ijhetajaemh,, jraeäi ma qua eueji kigs ggré ijhetajaemh ré pgsir ak tarri lgrka, lg rka, iesgamima makisgimi phr ivgstir uk eivgh, iarheiva hu tarri, paesikaeths kúr`gmhs tigs jhkh sugjëmgh. ? i sh`ravgvïejgi takparituris ç uki çquastêh sa kietar i h Alagths mh lrgh takparituri jhrphric ehrkic. Akak jcgkis kigs lrghs,ìgxis i taemïejgi h jhrphma trhjir jichr jhk kagh ik`gaeta. I jhesaquïejgi jhesaquïejgi massi parmi ma jjichr ichr jhrphric ç i mgkgeugäêh ma ma ehssi takparituri getare getarei, i, qua phma cavir â khrta phr fgphtarkgi. H jhrph jama jichr piri h kagh jgrjuemieta pachs sadugetas kçthmhs ma trieskgssêh ma jichr? Jhemuäêh, Jhevajäêh, Pimgiäêh a Aviphriäêh.

Is prgejgpigs aspçjgas kirgefis pargdhsis Iìgxh takhs icdukis icdukis jirijtarëstgjis qua p phmak hmak gemgjir aspçjgas ma pagxas pargdhsh pargdhshss ih jhesukh? • vgvak, ak sui kighrgi, ak éduis trhpgjigs phujh prhluemis a rajglas jhricëeahs> • iprasaetik lhrkis astriefis (jigxi, irramhemimi, atj.)> • phssuak paca muri, rajhàrti ma pcijis ússais hu aspgefhs> • icdukis aspçjgas iprasaetik hcfhs, `hjis a duacris paquaeis> • icdukis aspçjgas phssuak eimimagris vaetrigs paquaeis hu geaxgstaetas>

• phmak iprasaetir jirea jhk hmhr masidrimévac, qua murieta uk jarth takph lgji kirjimi sa jhkprgkgmi>

• icdukis aspçjgas tïk i jipijgmima ma gejfir sa lhrak khcastimhs (ìgiju)> • icdukis aspçjgas sadradik ìì hu aspuki túxgji pacis dcàemucis jutàeais (pagxa-si`êh)> a • icdukis vësjaris, kaskh ma aspçjgas jhkastëvags, phmak jhetar thxgeis. Zêh axakpchs ma pagxas qua phssuak jirea vaeaehsi? ìgiju, ìgiju ma aspgefh, pagxa jhlra, pagxa ìràgrh, aejfhvi prati.

Icdues pagxas iprasaetik iprasaetik largkaeths mhchrhshs, jhkh ç h jish jish mh pagxa-asjhrpgêh, kiediedéaspgefhs a khragiqua ]gk.prhmuzak largkaeths H getarassa pach astumh ma itiqua ma tuìrñas i passhis rakheti â Zaduemi Duarri Kuemgic, quiemh h iukaeth massas jishs, sh`ratumh jhk kirgefagrhs a pgchths iarheivigs, cavhu i Kirgefi mhs Astimhs Qegmhs i masaevhcvar h qua sargi kigs tirma, h rapacaeta jhetri tuìrêh. Jhetumh, ç jhevaegaeta cak`rir qua eêh fé pravgsêh ei cadgsciäêh getareijgheic ma rapacaeta ma tuìrêh ei picikaeti mis akìrjiäñas ma sh`ravgvïejgi mhs eivghs karjietas. I quastêh ç i sadugeta? jhkh prhjamar ei prasaeäi ma tuìrñas8 Icdukis rajhkaemiäñas phmak sar aejhetrimis ak kieuigs ma sh`ravgvïejgi eh kir.

Yuiemh i `hrmh ma uki akìrjiäêh ma sh`ravgvïejgi • h`sarviemh i prasaeäi ma tuìrñas eis prhxgkgmimas, eêh pasjir> • sa vhjï astgvar jhk h pagxa lgsdimh eh iezhc, cgàrta-h, phgs h tuìrêh phmaré ivirgir i akìrjiäêh> • avgtir magxir kêhs a pçs maetrh m‗édui> • eêh ohdir rasths ma jhkgmi eh kir> a • jish h tuìrêh itiqua i akìrjiäêh ma sh`ravgvïejgi, prhjurir itgedg-ch eh lhjgefh a ei jiàäi jhk dhcpas ma rakh.

H Astimh Kighr mis Lhräis Irkimis prasjrava h jhesukh mgérgh ma 412 kc ma édui piri qua h gemgvëmuh kietaefi suis jhemgäñas lësgjis a psgjhcúdgjis livhrévags. H kir lhreaja ih eéulridh icdukis lhetas ma icgkaetiäêh, tigs jhkh? pagxas, ivas kirgefis, tirtirudis, icdis kirgefis, khcusjhs, jrustéjahs, aetra hutrhs. hs pagxas sêh itriëmhs kigs lijgckaeta phr gsjis ak khvgkaeth mh qua phr gsjis astétgjis> i cgefi ma pasji eêh mava sar ikirrimi ih jhrph mh eéulridh, phgs eh jish ma uk pagxa kighr sar lgsdimh, i passhi phma sar cieäimi ei édui. ]ik`çk eêh ç ijhesacfévac iejhrir i cgefi ma pasji ei ìcsi sicvi-vgmis gelcévac, phgs asti phma sar ivirgimi murieta i cuti mh pagxa piri sa cgvrir mh iezhc> • murieta i ehgta, h lijfh ma cuz ma uki cietarei mgrajgheimh piri i édui phma itrigr pagxas a cucis. H ralcaxh mi cui ak uki suparlëjga katécgji phma iprasaetir h kaskh alagth> • i pasji mava sar raicgzimi murieta thmh h parëhmh mh mgi a mi ehgta, virgiemh-sa h jhkprgkaeth mi cgefi> Ih pasjir icduk pagxa, pagxa, ç rajhkaeméva rajhkaemévacc qua h kaskh saoi khrth ie ietas tas ma sar jhchjimh i `hrmh mi akìrjiäêh. Za vhjï jhchjir uk pagxa driema maetrh mi ìcsi, igemi vgvh, phmaré jiusir ijgmaetas, phgs jhk jartazi h iegkic gré riàir a cutir, phmaemh itgedgr uki passhi jiusiemhcfa casñas hu itç kaskh ivirgir i ìcsi sicvi-vgmis. Ak prgkagrh cudir, h pagxa eêh mava sar aedhcgmh. H eéulridh mava kisjir i jirea mh pagxa a masprazir h –ìdiäh‛, utgcgziemhh jhkh gsji. I axpcgjiäêh ma sa imhtir assa prhjamgkaeth ç sgkpcas. \gkhs ietarghrkaeta qua uki mis lhrkis ma parmi ma édui ç paci vgi mgdastgvi. Issgk, sa i passhi aedhcgr i jirea mh pagxa, h hrdiegskh gré luejgheir, prhmuzgemh `hch lajic a eis

lazas, fé uki paquaei quietgmima ma édui acgkgeimi.

H gkpucsh gkamgith mi passhi su`katgmi ih lrgh jhesgsta ak axarjgtir-sa hu idgtir-sa vgdhrhsikaeta ei taetitgvi ma kietar-sa iquajgmi. Jhetrirgikaeta ih qua sa gkidgei, asti raiäêh ratgri mh jhrph is ÿctgkis rasarvis ma jichr, mgkgeugemh jhesgmarivacka jhesgmarivackaeta eta h takph ma sh`ravgvïejgi. Ih gevçs ma vastgr rhupis rhupis drhssis a iparti ipartimis, mis, mava-sa usir rhup rhupis is lhcdimis, phgs i édui édui qua lgji aetra h jhrph a h tajgmh, ripgmikaeta imqugra i takparituri mi suparlëjga mh jhrph, luejgheiemh jhkh gshcieta tçrkgjh piri i édui axtarei. ei akìrjiäêh ma sh`ravgvïejgi, h druph mava prhjurir lgjir h kigs prúxgkh phssëvac piri iquajgkaeth kÿtuh.

Geshciäêh? h kagh ma pravaeg-ci ç getarrhkpar i axphsgäêh mi passhi ih jichr a i thmh a quicquar masdista lësgjh. Icçk mgssh, mava sar kgegstrimi ih eéulridh riäêh cëqugmi. H jhcata sicvi-vgmis ç h prgejgpic aqugpikaeth gemgvgmuic ma sicvitidak. Ç luemikaetic qua thmi passhi, ih iìemheir uki akìrjiäêh, astaoi vastgmi mh sau jhcata sicvi-vgmis. Rrhjura ratgrir h kéxgkh ma sau jhrph ma maetrh mi édui. Cak`ra-sa miquaci parsheidak mh lgcka –]gtiegj‛ qua sa sicvhu phrqua lgjhu sh`ra uki phrti, lhri mi édui.

Kitargic ma sicvitidak Kaskh eh jish ma akìrjiäñas kgÿmis, saoik ma asphrta a rajragh hu eêh, i Iuthrgmima Kirëtgki axgda i mhtiäêh ma uk jhcata sicvi-vgmis piri jimi passhi i `hrmh, trgpucieta hu pissidagrh.

Hs jhcatas sicvi-vgmis mavak sar mhtimhs ma icdues ijassúrghs h`rgditúrghs, pravgsths eh Júmgdh Getareijgheic ma Aqugpikaeths Zicvi-vgmis. Assas jhcatas sêh jcissglgjimhs jhkh jhcatas mh ]gph G, utgcgzimh piri eivadiäêh ma chedh jursh. Hs ijassúrghs h`rgditúrghs sêh? cuz ma sgeicgziäêh ma akardïejgi, lgtis ratrh-ralcatgvis a uk ipgth. Is ìcsis sicvi-vgmis sicvi-vgmis phmak sar gelcéva gelcévags gs hu rëdgmis. Is ìcsis sêh ijhemgjgheimis ijhemgjgheimis masgelcimis masgelcimis maetrh ma uk jisuch jisuch ma lg`ri ma vgmrh a sêh astgvimis, eh eivgh, sh`ra uk àräh. ]akhs igemi eis akìrjiäñas ma asphrta a rajragh is @hgis Jgrjuciras qua vak jhk uk ji`h lcutuieta a uki icäi ei sui axtrakgmima, sêh phsgjgheimis eh jhevçs prgejgpic ak cudir ma léjgc

ijassh i `hk`hrmh a `hrasta.

Jhcata sicvi-vgmis

Ç h prgejgpic aqugpikaeth ma sicvitidak i `hrmh mi akìrjiäêh. Ç têh gkphrtieta qua jimi passhi, saoi aci trgpucieta hu pissidagrh, mava tar uk â sui mgsphsgäêh. ]ragea jhk lraquïejgi i sui jhchjiäêh. Cak`ra-sa? is ehrkis getareijgheigs astiàcajak qua vhjï tak qua vastgr h jhcata sicvi-vgmis, jhrratikaeta, ak itç 9 kgeuth, a sak ioumi. Asta mgsphsgtgvh lhg lagth piri iquacas qua siàk a hs qua eêh siàk eimir. Issgk, kaskh qua vhjï saoi uk axjacaeta eimimhr, vgsti-h. Eueji usa sau jhcata sicvi-vgmis jhkh aejhsth, ickhlimi hu trivassagrh, phgs vhjï phma ivirgé-ch. • Eêh h tgra tg ra mi akìrjiäêh, phgs phmaré lictir piri icduçk i `hrmh. • Zakpra qua lhr lagth icduk trageikaeth, prgejgpickaeta maetrh mi édui sicdimi, h aqugpikaeth mava sar civimh jhk édui mhja a phsth piri sajir, ietas ma sar duirmimh eh jikirhta hu eh pighc ma sicvitidak.

@úgi sicvi-vgmis I Iuthrgmima Kirëtgki axgda qua sa taefi i `hrmh m mis is akìrjiäñas `úgis `úgis sicvivgmis. I `úgi ç uk aqugpikaeth aqugpikaeth utgcgzimh ei ligei ma rasdita rasdita ma passhis qu qua a astaoik maetrh mi édu édui. i. I `úgi sicvi-vgmis (tik`çk (tik`çk jhefajgmi jhk jhkh h `úgi jgrjucir) phma tar icdues icdues ijassúrghs, jhkh uki ratgegmi lcutuieta, uk sgeic lukëdaeh lcutuieta (lukiäi ei jhr cirieoi piri sgeicgziäêh murieta h mgi) a uk mgsphsgtgvh ma gcukgeiäêh iuthkétgjh (jhefajgmh jhkh lijfh fhckas, piri sgeicgziäêh murieta i ehgta).

Rrgkagrhs shjhrrhs 9.9 Getrhmuäêh I ma ukiak akìrjiäêh sakpra axgsta i phssg`gcgmima ehs mapirirkhs sgtuiäñas ma`hrmh akardïejgi, qua saoi eajassérgi i ehssi ituiäêh pirimasicvir uki passhi jhk hu piri avgtir qua h sau astimh pghra ipús uk ijgmaeta. Qk shjhrrh àk lagth a ak jurth aspiäh ma takph iukaeti kugth i sh`ravgmi mi vëtgki. I driema dri ema ki kighrg ghrgi i mhs ijgma ijgmaeta etass phm phmarg argi i sar avg avgtim timi, i, phr phrçk, çk, qui quiemh emh aca acass hjh hjhrra rrak, k, icd icdues ues

jhefajgkaeths sgkpcas phmak mgkgeugr h shlrgkaeth, avgtir jhkpcgjiäñas luturis a, itç kaskh, sicvir vgmis.

H luemikaetic ç siàr qua, ak sgtuiäñas ma akardïejgi, mava sa kietar i jicki a tar ak kaeta qua i prastiäêh ma prgkagrhs shjhrrhs eêh axjcug i gkphrtàejgi ma uk kçmgjh. Icçk mgssh, jartglgqua-sa ma qua fé jhemgäñas saduris h ìstieta piri i prastiäêh mh shjhrrh sak rgsjhs piri vhjï. Eêh sa asquaäi qua uk itaemgkaeth ma akardïejgi kic lagth phma jhkprhkatar igemi kigs i siÿma mi vëtgki.

H qua sêh prgkagrhs Jhkh h prúprgh ehka sudara,shjhrrhs8 sêh hs prhjamgkaeths ma akardïejgi qua mavak sar ipcgjimhs i uki passhi ak pargdh ma vgmi, vgsiemh i kietar hs sgeigs vgtigs a avgtiemh h idrivikaeth mh quimrh, itç qua aci rajaì issgstïejgi malgegtgvi. Gemapaemaeta mi drivgmima mi sgtuiäêh, mavakhs idgr jhk jicki, avgtir h pàegjh a sadugr icdukis radris `ésgjis ih prastir hs prgkagrhs shjhrrhs? • trieskgti jhelgieäi, trieqógcgmima, icëvgh a sadurieäi ihs ijgmaetimhs qua astgvarak jhesjgaetas, gelhrkiemh qua h iuxëcgh oé asté i jikgefh> • ioi ripgmi ripgmikaeta kaeta,, phrçk maetrh mhs saus cgkgtas> cgkgtas> • usa hs jhefajgkaeths `ésgjhs ma prgkagrhs shjhrrhs> a • âs vaz vazas, as, ç prajgsh siàr gkprhv gkprhvgsir. gsir. Zgeigs vgtigs ma uk ijgmaetimh. H`sarva h eëvac ma jhesjgïejgi, i saesg`gcgmima a i jipijgmima ma khvgkaetiäêh kusjucir mh ijgmaetimh. H rhsth mh ijgmaetimh kieglasti grraducirgmima paci jhr izucimi hu ivakacfimi a ukgmima mi paca, phr kagh ma suhras a picgmaz. \arglgjir sa i takparituri mi vëtgki asté kugth icti ak raciäêh â sui prúprgi takparituri jhrphric. Mash`strugr is vgis içrais I raspgriäêh phma sar h`sarvimi phr kagh mhs khvgkaeths mh túrix a mh i`mýkae a phr shes parja`gmhs ih iprhxgkir h sau huvgmh mh eirgz mi vëtgki. I varglgjiäêh mi pucsiäêh pucsiäêh phma sar saetgmi saetgmi phr kagh mh tith. H pheth kigs kigs gemgjimh piri saetgr i pucsiäêh ç h pasjhäh hu jirhtëmah H triesphrta sadurh ma uk ijgmaetimh I rakhäêh hu khvgkaetiäêh ma uk ijgmaetimh mava sar lagti jhk uk kéxgkh ma jugmimh i lgk ma eêh idrivir is casñas axgstaetas. Ietas mi rakhäêh mi vëtgki, mava-sa thkir is sadugetas prhvgmïejgis? • sa fhuvar susp suspagti agti ma lrituris eh pasjhäh pasjhäh a eis jhstis, jhstis, avgta khvar i pass passhi> hi> • piri puxé puxé-ci -ci piri uk chjic sadurh, khvi-i ma jhstis, eh saetgmh mh jhkprgkaeth, jhk h iuxëcgh ma uk jisijh hu jhàrthr> • piri arduï-ci, vhjï a ki kigs gs muis passhis m mavak avak iphgir thmh h jhrph jhrph a jhchjé-ci euki téù téùi i hu kiji, cak`riemh qua i kiji ç h kacfhr oagth ma sa triesphrtir uki vëtgki. Za prajgsir gkprhvgsir i kiji, usa pamiähs ma kimagri, ikirriemh jhàrthras hu picatús> • ipúga sakpra i jiàä jiàäi, i, gkpamgemh-i ma jigr piri trés> ei prasaeäi prasaeäi ma fakhrridgi iùemieta, iùemieta, i khvgkaetiäêh mi vëtgki phma cavir ripgmikaeta ih astimh ma jfhqua> • sa fhuvar pirim pirimi i raspgritúrgi, gegjga gkamgitikaeta i raspgriäêh `hji-i-`hj `hji-i-`hji i a liäi kissidak jirmëiji (prhjassh axpcgjimh ei pédgei =0)> • gkh`gcgza thmhs hs pheths suspagths ma lrituri> • sa fhuva fhuvarr suspagti ma lrituris, lrituris, ikirra hs pçs mh ijgmaeti ijgmaetimh mh a h ardi ak phsgäê phsgäêh h fhrgzhetic, fhrgzhetic,

jhkh uk sú `chjh, caviemh itç â sui kiji> • eh jish ma uki passh passhi i gejhesjgaeta, gejhesjgaeta, kis sak avgmïej avgmïejgi gi ma lritur lrituris, is, muis passhi passhiss ìstik piri h cavietikaeth a h triesphrta> a

• cak`ra-sa, sak sakpra, pra, ma eê eêh h lizar khvgkaeths khvgkaeths `rusjhs. `rusjhs.

Rrhjamgkaeths ak akardïejgi 0.9 Ilhdikaeth a jfhqua acçtrgjh 0.9.9 Rrhjamgkaeths ak jish ma ilhdikaeth Eh jish ma ilhdikaeth? • eêh parmar tak takph ph taetiemh ratgrir édui mhs puckñas puckñas mi vëtgki> • jfajir gkam gkamgitikaeta gitikaeta hs sgeigs vgtigs (ieécgsa prgkérgi)> • eêh fivaemh raspgriä raspgriäêh êh hu pucsh, gegjgir is tçjegjis ma rassusjgtiäêh gkamgitikaeta gkamgitikaeta (prhjassh axpcgjimh ei pédgei =0)> • kieta kietarr i vëtgki iquajgmi iquajgmi>> • kgegs kgegstrir trir hxgdïegh> hxgdïegh> • triti tritirr h astimh ma jfhqu jfhqua> a> • gelhrkir ih kçmgjh sa h ilh ilhdikaeth dikaeth hjhrrau ak é édui dui mhja, sicdimi hu hu pgsjgei> a • eêh taetir rasditir eged egeduçk uçk mi édui sa eêh lhr trageimh piri gssh. Eassa jish, jish, mava-sa ohdir icduk kitargic lcutuieta piri i vëtgki idirrir a jfikir phr shjhrrh aspajgicgzimh (sicvi-vgmis).

Rrhjamgkaeths ak acçtrgji jish ma acçtrgjh I pissidak ma jhrraeta pachjfhqua jhrph phma prhmuzgr uk lhrkgdikaeth hu uki cava jhetriäêh mhs kÿsjuchs, hu igemi uki saesiäêh mhchrhsi. Jfhquas kigs getaeshs phmak casir kÿsjuchs hu piricgsir h jhriäêh, jhkh tik`çk i raspgriäêh a, eassa jish, sa h ijgmaetimh eêh lhr shjhrrgmh maetrh ma phujhs kgeuths, i khrtash`ravçk. H qua threi pargdhsh h jfhqua acçtrgjh ç i getaesgmima mi jhrraeta qua pissi itrivçs mh jhrph. Asti getaesgmima phma sar têhpaquaei jhkh mi hrmak ma kgcgikparas. @isti uctripissir 12 kgcgikparas piri qua sa threa khrtic. H parj parjur ursh sh mi jh jhrra rraet eta a ç ti tik` k`çk çk gkph gkphrt rtie ieta ta.. Is jh jhrr rrae aeta tass ki kigs gs parg pargdh dhsi siss sê sêh h is qu qua a itrivassik h jhrph ma kêh piri kêh, mh pasjhäh hu mi kêh piri h pç, saemh i kigs gkphrtieta i qua pissi mi jiàäi piri hs pçs I getaesgmima mi jhrraeta iukaeti aehrkakaeta sa hs pçs astgvarak khcfimhs hu sa i kêh astgvar suimi hu ÿkgmi. H jfhqua acçtrgjh jiusimh phr ictis masjirdis phmaemh jiusir mgstÿr`ghs ei jgrjuciäêh sieduëeai a, ak jishs axtrakhs, cavirç âsakpra pirimidriva, jérmgh-raspgritúrgi. Ei paca, phmak ipirajar ipirajar muis paquaeis érais érais ma quagkimuris (darickaeta (darickaeta ma :¿ driu) - i ma aetrimi a i ma siëmi mi jhrraeta acçtrgji.

Ak jish ma jfhqua acçtrgjh? • mascgdua mascgdua h ipi ipiracfh racfh mi tthkim hkimi i hu i jfiva daric> daric> • sa tgvar qua usir is kêhs piri rakhvar rakhvar uki pass passhi, hi, aevhcvi-i aevhcvi-iss ak ohreic hu euk sijh ma pipac> • akpurr akpurra a i vët vëtgki gki piri ched cheda a mi lheta ma acatrg acatrgjgm jgmima ima jhk uk hò hòath ath sajh sajh,, eê eêh h jhe jhemut muthr hr ma jhrraeta, jhkh uk ji`h ma visshuri, téùi, jhrmi saji, jimagri ma kimagri hu ìstêh ma `hrrijfi> • sa fhuvar pirimi pirimi jérmghrraspgritúrgi, i ipcgqua pcgqua i rassu rassusjgtiäêh sjgtiäêh (prhjassh (prhjassh axpcgjimh ei pédgei =0)> • ju`ri is quagkimuris quagkimuris jhk uk uki i diza hu jhk jhk uk pieh ` àk ak cgkph> • sa i pa pass sshi hi as astgtgva varr jhes jhesjg jgae aeta ta,, ma magtgtaa-i i ma jh jhst stis is,, jh jhk k is pa pare reis is ac acav avim imis is.. Za as astgv tgvar ar gejhesjgaeta, magta-i ma cimh> • sa eajassérgh, ju`ri i pass passhi hi jhk uk jhàrthr jhàrthr a kietaefi-i kietaefi-i jicki> a

• prhjura prhjura ioumi ioumi kçmgji kçmgji gkamg gkamgiti. iti.

I rassusjgtiäêh jérmgh-puckheir? • Jhk i passhi eh jfêh, phsgjghea is kêhs uki sh`ra i hutri a chjicgza i axtrakgmima gelarghr mh hssh vartgjic qua asté eh jaetrh mh pagth (h jfikimh hssh astareh). Ih kaskh takph, uki hutri passhi mava ipcgjir raspgriäêh raspgriäêh `hji-i-`hji, lgrkiemh i jiàäi mi passhi a lajfiemh is eirgeis jhk h gemgjimhr a h phcadir, kietaemhh quagxh cavietimh piri astgjir h pasjhäh. Aequ Ae quie ieth th h ioum ioumie ieta ta ae aejf jfa a hs puckñ puckñas as mh ij ijgm gmae aeti timh mh,, sh shpr prie iemh mh im imaq aqui uimi mika kaet eta a pi piri ri gesulcéchs, prassghea h sau pagth i getarvichs jurths ma takph, itç qua h jhriäêh vhcta i ìtar. Asti saqóïejgi mava sar lagti mi sadugeta lhrki? sa vhjï astgvar shzgefh, liäi mhgs shprhs piri jimi qugeza prassñas eh jhriäêh> sa fhuvar icduçk h ioumiemh, liäi uk shprh piri jimi jgejh prassñas. Lrituris ç i qua`ri ma uk hssh jiusimi phr uki piejimi kugth lhrta, uki quami hu askidikaeth. 0.0.9 ]gphs ma lrituris Lajfimi - Yuiemh hjhrra qua`ri ma hssh,sak itrivassir i paca. Zgeigs gemgjimhras? • mhr hu driema saesg`gcgmima ak uk hssh hu irtgjuciäêh> • geji gejipijg pijgmima mima ma khvgk khvgkaetir aetir i pirta ilatim ilatimi, i, icçk mh imhrkaj imhrkajgkaet gkaeth h hu lhrkgdik lhrkgdikaeth aeth mi radgêh> a • gej gejfiäh fiäh a paca paca ir irrh rhxa xaim imi, i, ij ijhk hkpi pief efim imh h ma uk uki i ma malh lhrk rkiä iäêh êh ip ipir irae aeta ta mh ka kak` k`rh rh kijfujimh. Axphsti - Yuiemh h hssh qua`rimh sig mh cudir, rhkpaemh i paca a magxiemh axphsti uki ma suis pirtas. Assa tgph ma lrituri phma jiusir gelajäêh. Zgeigs gemgjimhras? • hs kask kaskhs hs mi lritu lrituri ri lajfi lajfimi mi • sie siedri drikae kaeths ths • largka largkaeth eth ma ma pa paca ca Eh jish ma lrituri axphsti, prhtaoi h largkaeth a jhetrhca h sau siedrikaeth ietas ma gkh`gcgzir i radgêh ilatimi. ]çjegji ma gkh`gcgziäêh ak jishs ma lrituris • jhchqua diz diza, a, caeäh hu pieh pieh cgkph sh`ra sh`ra h largkaeth> • lgrka asta juritgvh usie usiemh mh uk jgeth, uki driviti hu hu uki tgri ma pieh> • astiequa i fakhrridgi, sa lhr h jish> • ma magta gta h mha mhaeta eta>> • jhchqua uki tici ssak ak taetir jhchjir h kak`rh ak ph phsgäêh sgäêh eituric> a • triesphrta h mhaeta, sú ipús i gkh`gcgziäêh. Qki itimuri phma sar usimi piri uki gkh`gcgziäêh ma lrituri, piri jhetar prhvgshrgikaeta uki pirta mh jhrph hu kietar uk juritgvh. Ei licti ma itimuris, usa tgris tgr is ma uk caeähc, duirmieiphs hu piehs.

]hka hs sadugetas jugmimhs ih ipcgjir uki itimuri? • i radgêh il ilatimi atimi ma mava va astir astir cgkpi> • jhka hs kÿsj kÿsjuchs ra racixim ciximhs> hs> jhkaja ja uchs mi axtrakgmi axtrakgmima ma piri h jaetrh? jaetrh? ehs kak`rhs supa suparghras rghras,, eh saet saetgmh gmh mi kêh piri h `riäh> ehs kak`rhs gelarghras jhkaja pach pç> • aevhcvi ssakpra akpra mi asquarmi piri piri i mgragti> • eêh iparta ak makis makisgi gi piri eêh getarlargr jhk i jgrjuciäêh jgrjuciäêh sieduëeai>

• shcgjgta issgstïejgi k kçmgji çmgji a, aequieth gssh, gssh, kietaefi i passh passhi i jicki a iquajgmi iquajgmi>> • varglgqua sa h largkaeth eêh getarrhk getarrhkpau pau i jgrjuciäêh jgrjuciäêh sieduëeai> • gkh`gcgza h hss hssh h hu irtgjuciäêh itgedgmi jhk uk uki i tici>

• kietaefi h chjic ilatim ilatimh h ak eëvac kigs acavimh q qua ua h rasth mh jhrph a ip ipcgqua cgqua jhkprassis ma dach piri mgkgeugr h gejfiäh, i mhr a i prhdrassêh mh fakithki>a • sú usa i tgpúgi sa h ` `riäh riäh largmh pumar sar lcaxgheimh lcaxgheimh sak mhr hu sa oé astgvarmh`rimh. astgvarmh`rimh. H prhjassh ma fakhstisgi H jhe jhetrh trhca ca mi fa fakhr khrrid ridgi gi (fa (fakh khsti stisgi sgi)) mav mava a sar lag lagth th gka gkamgi mgitik tikaet aeta, a, phg phgss ukifa ukifakhr khrrid ridgi gi iùemieta a eêh jhetrhcimi phma jiusir khrta ak : i 1 kgeuths. I fakhrridgi axtarei ç i parmi ma siedua ih rhkpgkaeth ma uk vish sieduëeah (vagi hu irtçrgi). Yuiemh uki irtçrgi ç itgedgmi, h pargdh ç kighr. Eassa jish, h siedua ç varkacfh vgvh a sig ak oiths répgmhs a lhrtas.Yuiemh is vagis sêh itgedgmis, h siedua ç varkacfh asjurh, a sig ma lhrki caeti a jhetëeui. I fakhrridgi getarei ç h rasuctimh rasuctimh ma uk largkaeth prhluemh jhk casêh ma úrdêhs getarehs. Ziedrikaeths axtarehs H qua lizar8 Rrhjura kietar h chjic qua siedri ak pcieh kigs acavimh qua h jhriäêh. Rrassghea lgrkakaeta h chjic phr jarji ma 92 kgeuths, jhkprgkgemh jhk uk pieh cgkph mh`rimh hu jhk uki mis kêhs. Za h jhrta lhr axtaesh, iprhxgka is `hrmis iàrtis jhk hs mamhs a kietaefi-is uegmis. Jish h siedrikaeth eêh jassa, prassghea jhk kigs lgrkazi phr kigs 92 kgeuths. Yuiemh pirir ma siedrir, ju`ri h largkaeth jhk uki diza a praemi-i jhk uki itimuri lgrka, kis qua parkgti i jgrjuciäêh mh siedua. Za h siedrikaeth parsgstgr itrivçs mh juritgvh, phefi ehvis itimuris, sak ratgrir is ietarghras, avgtiemh i rakhäêh ma avaetuigs jhéduchs. Yuiemh fhuvar siedrikaeths getaeshs a ac i jhkprassêh eêheth lhr jhe sulgjgaeta piri astie ast iejéjé-chs chs, , jhk jhkprg prgki ki i irt irtçrg çrgi i hu i ehs va vagi gikak`rhs ras rasphe phesév sévac pach pach siedr siedrika ikaeth jhetri tri h hss hssh, h, gkpamgemh i pissidak ma siedua piri i radgêh ilatimi. H qua eêh sa mava lizar8 Eêh taetir ratgrir jhrphs astriefhs mhs largkaeths. Eêh ipcgjir su`stàejgis jhkh pú ma jilç hu quicquar hutrh prhmuth.

Ziedrikaeths getarehs Ijgmaetas drivas, sh`ratumh jhk i prasaeäi ma lrituris phmak jiusir siedrikaeths getarehs. I fakhrridgi getarei phma cavir ripgmikaeta ih astimh ma jfhqua a, phr gssh, i sgtuiäêh mava sar ijhkpiefimi a jhetrhcimi jhk kugti itaeäêh pachs sgeigsaxtarehs? • pucs pucsh h lrijh a ij ijacari acarimh> mh> • paca lrgi a pécgmi> pécgmi> • kujhsis m mhs hs hcfhs a mi `hji `hji `riejis> `riejis> • kêhs a ma mamhs mhs irrhxaimhs paci mgkgeugäêh migrrgdiäêh sied sieduëeai>a uëeai>a • sama sama,, theturi a gejhesjgïe gejhesjgïejgi. jgi. Eêh mï icgkaeths â vëtgki a eak i iquaäi makigs jhk jhàrthras. Raäi iuxëcgh kçmgjh gkamgith.

Ziedrikaeths eisigs H qua lizar8 • gejcg gejcgea ea i jià jiàäi äi mi passhi piri lraeta, lraeta, saetimi, avgt avgtiemh iemh qua h siedua vé piri i dirdieti a saoi aedhcgmh, prhvhjiemh eéusais> • jhkprgki i eirgei qua siedri a ipcgqua jhkp jhkprassis rassis lrgis eh chjic> • maphgs ma icdues kgeuths, ilrhuxa i prassêh prassêh vidirhsikaeta a eêh eêh issha h eirgz> a • sa i fakhrridgi pars parsgstgr, gstgr, vhcta i jhkprgkgr i eirgei a prhjura sshjhrrh hjhrrh kçmgjh.

Yuagkimuris Ak jish ma ijgmaeta aevhcvaemh quagkimuris, h prgkagrh jugmimh ç axtgedugr i lheta ma jichr, hu saoi, gkpamgr qua parkieaäi h jhetith mh jhrph jhk h lhdh, cëqugmhs a suparlëjgas iquajgmis, aetra hutris jiusis mh ijgmaeta. Ak sadugmi, prhjura civir h chjic itgedgmh jhk édui jhrraeta ak takparituri ik`gaeta, ma pralarïejgi phr takph sulgjgaeta itç qua i érai quagkimi saoi raslrgimi. ]ik`çk ç gkphrtieta ùsjir h iuxëcgh ma uk prhlgssgheic ma siÿma eh phsth ma itaemgkaeth kigs prúxgkh mh chjic mh ijgmaeta, piri qua saoik thkimis is prhvgmïejgis eajassérgis piri h sujassh mi rajupariäêh a tik`çk piri avgtir h idrivikaeth mi casêh.

Jugmimhs? Eêh pissa eh chjic itgedgmh eaefuk prhmuth hu rajagti jisagri. Yuicquar su`stàejgi qua saoi pissimi sh`ra i paca quagkimi vig grrgté-ci. Fé tik`çk h icth rgsjh ma gelajäêh phr ìjtçrgis, luedhs a vërus prasaetas eassas prhmuths, oé qua i ìrragri eituric mh hrdiegskh ‚ i paca ‚ asté mieglgjimi. Eêh pissa eaefuki phkimi eh chjic itgedgmh. I paca lgji axtrakikaeta saesëvac ipús uki quagkimuri a is phkimis, igemi qua imqugrgmis ak lirkéjgis, kijfujik igemi kigs is jçcucis jutàeais a phmak grrgtir i paca a darir gelajäñas.

Eêh taeta asthurir is `hcfis prhvhjimis paci quagkimuri. Acis sa kieglastik eis quagkimuris ma saduemh driu a mavak sar kieusaimis ipaeis phr uk prhlgssgheic aspajgicgzimh. Hu saoi, eêh mavak sar rhkpgmis, asthurimis hu kaskh asvizgimis jhk uki iducfi. Ih ratgrir assa juritgvh eituric eituric ak jisi, h largkaeth astiré axphsth axphsth i gestrukaeths phssgvackaeta jhetikgeimhs jhetikgeimhs a phma gelajjgheir. Za fhuvar eajassgmima ma jh`rgr h largkaeth i jikgefh mh sarvgäh ma Ziÿma, h gemgjimh ç aevhcvï-ch euk pamiäh ma pieh cgkph. ]ajgmhs hu kitargigs qua drumik eh largkaeth, jhkh h icdhmêh, mavak sar avgtimhs. H pijgaeta quagkimh eêh mava ratgrir i rhupi qua astgvar usiemh, igemi qua fhuvar sgmh itgedgmi pach lhdh. H gmaic ç khcfir i vastgkaeti a parkieajar issgk itç i jfadimi ih prheth-shjhrrh, piri avgtir qua is `hcfis asthurak a qua i paca saoi irriejimi.

Rrhjamgkaeths ak jishs ma quagkimuris Is quagkimuris cavas (ma 9¿ driu) sa kieglastik jhk varkacfgmêh, gejfiäh a mhr. Eis quagkimuris ma 0¿ driu i mhr ç kigs getaesi a ehrkickaeta ipirajak `hcfis hu ukgmima ei radgêh ilatimi. Oé eis quagkimuris drivas ma :¿ driu i paca sa iprasaeti as`riequgäimi hu

jir`hegzimi a fé phuji hu eaefuki mhr. H qua lizar8 • sa i quagkimuri lhr ma p phuji huji axtaesêh axtaesêh,, raslrga h chjic jhk édui lrgi gkamgitikaeta> gkamgitikaeta> • saqua h chjic macgj macgjimikaeta imikaeta jhk uk pieh pieh cgkph hu jfukiähs ma ma diza>

• ju`ri h largkaeth jhk jhkprassis ma diza> • ak quagki quagkimuri muriss ma 0¿ driu, ipcgqu ipcgqua a édui lrgi a ju`ri ju`ri i érai ilati ilatimi mi jhk jhkpras jhkprassis sis ma diza akà`gmi ak visacgei astçrgc> • kietaefi i radgêh q quagkimi uagkimi kigs acavim acavimi i mh qua h rasth mh jhrph, jhrph, piri mgkgeugr h gejfiäh> • mï ìstieta cëqugmh piri i passhi gedargr a, sa fhuvar kugti mhr, uk ieicdçsgjh> a • sa i quagkimuri lhr ax axtaesi taesi hu ma :¿ driu, prhjura prhjura uk kçmgjh gkamgitika gkamgitikaeta. eta. Za is rhupis tik`çk astgvarak ak jfikis, eêh magxa i passhi jhrrar. Za eajassérgh, marruà-i eh jfêh a ju`ri-i jhk uk tajgmh jhkh jhàrthr, tipata hu jisijh, hu liäi-i rhcir eh jfêh. Ak sadugmi, prhjura iuxëcgh kçmgjh gkamgitikaeta. H qua eêh lizar8

―Yuagkimuris quëkgjis H qua lizar8 Is quagkimuris quëkgjis sêh sakpra drivas? ratgra is rhupis mi vëtgki ripgmikaeta, taemh h jugmimh ma eêh quagkir is prúprgis kêhs. • Civ Civa a h chj chjic ic jhk édui jhrraet jhrraeta a phr 92 kgeuth kgeuthss (sa lhrak hs hcf hcfhs, hs, 91 kge kgeuth uths), s), aexud aexudua ua macgjimikaeta a ju`ri jhk uk juritgvh cgkph a sajh. • Rrhju Rrhjura ra ioumi kçmg kçmgji ji gkamgi gkamgiti. ti.

Yuagkimuris shciras

H qua lizar8 • Palrasqua i paca jhk jhkprassis jhkprassis lrgis. • Liäi i passhi ggedargr edargr ìstieta cëqugmh, kietaemh-i kietaemh-i ei shk`ri, ak chji chjicc lrasjh a vaetgcimh. • Rrhju Rrhjura ra ioum ioumi i kçmg kçmgji. ji.

EHÄÑAZ MA KA]AHPHCHDGI RIPI EI\ADIE]AZ Ak`hri h egtrhdïegh raprasaeta i kighr pirjaci, i quietgmima ma viphr-m‗édui ç kigs gkphrtieta piri i katahrhchdgi. Is gkpurazis, raprasaetimis phr phagris, lukiäi, sic kirgefh a matrgths ak daric, masakpaefik, tik`çk, gkphrtieta pipac ei lhrkiäêh ma laeýkaehs katahrhcúdgjhs, lijgcgtiemh i jhemaesiäêh mh ir itkhslçrgjh. Zêh maehkgeimis –eÿjcahs ma jhemaesiäêh‛. Yuieth â astruturi, i itkhslari phma sar mgvgmgmi eis sadugetas jikimis? ‚ ]rhphslari hu ìgxi ìgxi itkhslari? i takparituri majrasja jhk h iukaeth ma ictgtuma> ak kçmgi, 9¿J/912k ma ictgtuma> ‚ astrithslari? takparituri pritgjikaeta jhestieta> ‚ kashslari? jhkphrtikaeth jhkphrtikaeth grraducir mi takparituri, iukaetiemh, iukaetiemh, ma kieagri daric, jhk i ictgtuma> a ‚ tarkhslari? takparituri iukaeti iukaeti jhk i ictgtuma. Ç ei trhphslari, tik`çk maehkgeimi ìgxi itkhslari, qua hjhrra i driema kighrgi mhs laeýkaehs katahrhcúdgjhs, majhrrïejgi ma? ma viphr-m‗édui> ‚akIcti phrjaetidak viphr-m‗édui> ‚ axgstïejgi ma gkpurazis (eÿjcahs (eÿjcahs ma jhemaesiäêh)> a ‚ kighr virgiäêh mi takparituri. takparituri.

PIMGIÄÊH A JHE\AJÄÊH

‚ PIMGIÄÊH PIMGIÄÊH I rizêh ma gegjgir h astumh ma katahrhchdgi kirgefi paci rimgiäêh shcir ç avgmaejgir i axtrihrmgeérgi gkphrtàejgi mi lheta ma aeardgi rasphesévac paci hjhrrïejgi mhs laeýkaehs katahrhcúdgjhs a hjaiehdrélgjhs.

JHE\AJÄÊH Ç h khvgkaeth vartgjic mh ir itkhslçrgjh, taemh, jhkh jhesaqóïejgi gkamgiti, i trieslarïejgi ma suis prgejgpigs prhprgamimas, gsth ç, uki mgstrgùgäêh ma takparituri a ukgmima ukgmima aetra hs mgvarshs eëvags ma ictgtuma. ]ic jhejagth eêh mava sar jheluemgmh jhk h ma imvajäêh, qua sgdeglgji i trieslarïejgi ma icdukis prhprgamimas itkhslçrgjis ak majhrrïejgi ma uk khvgkaeth fhrgzhetic mh ir (vaeth). Mhgs gkphrtietas lithras rasphesévags pachs laeýkaehs katahrhcúdgjhs a jcgkétgjhs sêh? (9) I rhtiäêh mgérgi mi ]arri ak threh mh sau agxh> a (0) h khvgkaeth ma triesciäêh (hu ravhcuäêh) ieuic mi ]arri ak threh mh Zhc. I trieslarïejgi ma jichr mi ]arri piri i itkhslari sa liz phr = prhjasshs? Pimgiäêh, Jhemuäêh, Jhevajäêh a Imvajäêh. H ir lhrtakaeta iquajgmh eis radgñas aquithrgigs threi-sa kigs cava a isjaema, jrgiemh ei zhei túrrgmi uk jgeturêh ma ìgxis prassñas itkhslçrgjis, maehkgeimh _hei ma Jhevardïejgi Getartrhpgjic. Ei ligxi aquithrgic ma ìgxis prassñas , hs vaeths iprasaetik-sa ehrkickaeta lrijhs a virgévags. Is jhemgäñas ma takph phmak sar masjrgtis ak tarkhs ma 4 acakaeths katahrhcúdgjhs? katahrhcúdgjhs? Rrassêh? takparituri, ukgmima, vaeths, euvaes, vgsg`gcgmima> a prajgpgtiäêh. Hs gestrukaeths utgcgzimhs ei kamgäêh mi prassêh itkhslçrgji sêh hs ìrýkatrhs, qua phmak sar ma mhgs tgphs? ìrýkatrh ma karjÿrgh hu ìrýkatrh iearhgma. Is cgefis qua ueak pheths mi suparlëjga mi ]arri ma gduic prassêh itkhslçrgji eh kaskh gestieta sêh maehkgeimis ma gsúìris. I kamgmi mi takparituri ç ma driema gkphrtàejgi ei katahrhchdgi. Asti kamgmi ç lagti phr kagh ma tarkýkatrhs. Hs tarkýkatrhs kamak takparituris paci mgcitiäêh (hu jhetriäêh) mi su`stàejgi eaca akpradimi.

Qkgmima ç uk tarkh daric qua masjrava h jhetaÿmh ma viphr-m‗édui axgstaeta eh ir itkhslçrgjh. I ukgmima mh ir ç matarkgeimi phr kagh ma fgdrýkatrhs a psgjrýkatrhs. Eh aetieth, sêh hs psgjrýkatrhs qua lhreajak is kamgmis kigs prajgsis mi ukgmima mh ir. \aeth ç h khvgkaeth fhrgzhetic mh ir, ir, rasuctieta ma mglaraeäis eeii prassêh itkhslçrgji aetra érais imoijaetas. Aetêh, hs jaetrhs ma ìgxi prassêh (jgjcheas) sêh jaetrhs jhevardaetas, gsth ç, ei suparlëjga h ir jhevarda piri h jaetrh ma ìgxi prassêh. Issgk sa hrgdgeik hs vaeths ei suparlëjga mi ]arri, phmaemh-sa, phgs, aeuejgir jhkh cag daric mhs vaeths? –H vaeth shpri mhs jaetrhs ma icti prassêh piri hs jaetrhs ma ìgxi prassêh‛.

jaetrh ma ìgxi prassêh. Euk ietgjgjchea, h àeduch mhs vaeths jhk is gsúìris ç, darickaeta, kighr a sakpra piri h cimh ma lhri mh jaetrh ma icti. Ak radri, hs sgstakis jgjcýegjhs ma vaeths khvak-sa ripgmikaeta a sêh ijhkpiefimhs phr kiu takph. Rhr hutrh cimh, hs sgstakis ietgjgjcýegjhs maschjik-sa vidirhsikaeta a, ak daric, astêh isshjgimhs i `hk takph. Yuieth kigs prúxgkis astgvarak is gsúìris, kighr h drimgaeta ìrhkçtrgjh a kighr i lhräi mh vaeth. I mgraäêh a i vachjgmima mh vaeth sêh kamgmis pachs ieakýkatrhs.

EQ\AEZ

Riri qua hjhrri i jhemaesiäêh mh viphr-m‗édui jhetgmh eh ir itkhslçrgjh a sa masaejimaga h prhjassh ma lhrkiäêh ma euvaes ak matarkgeimh eëvac ma ictgtuma, ç eajassérgh qua fioi raslrgikaeth mh ir itç qua i ukgmima racitgvi taefi itgedgmh h ëemgja ma 922%. ]hmis is euvaes sa jhestgtuak, gegjgickaeta, ei trhphslari, phmaemh iprasaetir muis lhrkis darigs. Is euvaes phmak ipirajar jhkh jikimis jikimis ueglhrkas hu axtaes axtaeshs hs caeäúgs, jh`rgemh drie driemas mas érais, sak kugti icturi hu hu masaevhcvgkaeth vartgjic. Zêh, aetêh, jfikimis ma euvaes astritglhrkas, astiemh isshjgimis jhk asti`gcgmima ei itkhslari hu iusïejgi ma jhrraetas isjaemaetas. Gsth rasucti, darickaeta, ak vgsg`gcgmima rugk phr ìgxh mis ìsas mis euvaes, mavgmh â licti ma jhrraetas vartgjigs piri kgsturir a mgsparsir lukiäi a pirtëjucis ma phagri suspaesis eh ir. I prajgpgtiäêh isshjgimi âs euvaes astritglhrkas ç ma jirétar cava, jhetëeui a axtaesgvi. Âs vazas, h`sarvik-sa piejimis ma jfuvis lhrtas lhrtas jiërak ma uki jikimi ma euvaes astritglhrkas, kis gsth sgdeglgji qua fé euvaes jukucglhrkas ei jikimi, gevgsëvags piri h h`sarvimhr. Is euvaes jukucglhrkas iprasaetik prhtuàràejgis, euki ipirïejgi ma jhuva-lchr, ak jhetrista jhk i lhrki pciei jirijtarëstgji mis euvaes astritglhrkas.

Is euvaes jukucglhrkas mgvgmak-sa ak trïs tgphs, mapaemaemh mh sau tikiefh a ispajth? ‚ Jukucus ma `hk takph hu, sgkpcaskaeta, jukucus jukucus>> ‚ jukucus jhedastus hu pasimhs> a ‚ jukuchegkùs. Qki euvak jukuchegkùs sgdeglgji trhvhimi a prajgpgtiäêh pasimi, sh` lhrki ma piejimis, jhetëeui turùcïejgi a driegzh ak icdues pheths. Yuiemh hs icthjukucus sa threik kigs aspasshs a masjak piri eëvags kigs ìgxhs, phmak prhmuzgr jfuvis a trhvhimis, kis eêh trizak kiu takph prhchedimh.

Malgea-sa vgsg`gcgmima katahrhcúdgji jhkh i kighr mgstàejgi ak qua uk hòath ma jirijtarëstgjis matarkgeimis phma sar vgsth a rajhefajgmh. Hs sadugetas lithras ilatik i vgsg`gcgmima eh kir? (9) Rrajgpgtiäêh> (0) eçvhi a eavhagrh> (:) (=) `hrrglhs phagri> ahu aspuki mh kir irristimi pach vaeth> (1) sic.

EA\HAGPH Hs prhjasshs jipizas ma cavir h ir ÿkgmh mi suparlëjga â situriäêh a, issgk, prhmuzgr eavhagrh sêh mhgs? h raslrgikaeth a h iukaeth mi aviphriäêh. Riri sui lhrkiäêh, h eavhagrh raquar jhemgäñas aspajgigs, tigs jhkh? (9) Icti ukgmima racitgvi> (0) asti`gcgmima itkhslçrgji (iusïejgi ma jhrraetas vartgjigs)> (:) raslrgikaeth jhevaegaeta> (=) prasaeäi ma eÿjcahs ma jhemaesiäêh> a (1) vaeths lrijhs ma suparlëjga.

‚ Eavhagrhs lhrtas? quiemh i vgsg`gcgmima ç ramuzgmi piri itç 922 katrhs, hu kaehs, ma mgstàejgi mh h`sarvimhr> a eavhagrhs lrijhs hu cavas? quiemh i vgsg`gcgmima virgi ma 922 k itç 9 nk ma mgstàejgi mh h`sarvimhr.

Is gsúìris triäimis euki jirti katahrhcúdgji ma suparlëjga malgeak uki jhelgduriäêh gsh`érgji, hema phmak sar gmaetglgjimhs hs sgstakis ma ictis prassñas (ietgjgjcheas) a hs sgstakis ma ìgxis prassñas (jgjcheas).

Qk jivimh ç uki jhelgduriäêh tëpgji mhs jgjcheas. H agxh mhs jivimhs asté sakpra vhctimh piri h Aquimhr. Jhkh vgkhs, uki jhelgduriäêh qua phma hjhrrar ak uki maprassêh ç i lhrkiäêh ma uk jivimh. Yuieth â hrgdak, is kissis ma ir phmak sar phciras, quiemh prhvïk mhs púchs> trhpgjigs, quiemh hrguemis mis radgñas trhpgjigs> jhetgeaetigs, quiemh sa hrgdgeik ehs jhetgeaetas> a kirëtgkis, quiemh sa lhrkik sh`ra hs hjaiehs.

Lraeta ç i cgefi ei suparlëjga tarrastra qua sapiri muis kissis ma ir. Is lraetas, phrtieth, kirjik masjhetgeugmimas ak thmi i axtaesêh mh aejhetrh aetra muis kissis ma ir, jhestgtugemh zheis ma triesgäêh ma kissis ma ir ma prhprgamimas mgvarsis, mgvarsis, ak pirtgjucir quieth â takpari takparituri. turi. Is lraetas jcissglgjik-sa ak? ‚ Lrgis> ‚ quaetas> ‚ hjcusis> a ‚ astijgheérgis. Qkimagxi ç lhrkimi lraetamahjcusi lrgi, tar jhetith jhk hquiemh shch. uki lraeta lrgi icjieäi uki lraeta quaeta a uki mis muis lraetas, quaeta hu

LPAE]A AZ]IJGHEÉPGI Hjhrra quiemh eêh sa h`sarvi maschjikaeth mi suparlëjga lrhetic, qua sa kietçk lgxi, eêh fivaemh, issgk, su`stgtugäêh mh ir â suparlëjga. murieta h mgi h ir sh`ra i suparlëjga tarrastra sa iquaja kigs ripgmikaeta mh qua h ir sh`ra h hjaieh. H ir kigs lrgh a maesh mh hjaieh khvgkaeti-sa piri h jhetgeaeta i lgk ma su`stgtugr h ir kigs quaeta miquaci radgêh. Asta laeýkaeh ç jfikimh `rgsi kirëtgki a ç h`sarvimh ih chedh mi jhsti> murieta i ehgta h jhetgeaeta aslrgi kigs ripgmikaeta qua h hjaieh. H ir kigs lrgh mh jhetgeaeta sa maschji piri h kir, hema axgsta uk ir kigs quaeta a kaehs maesh. Asta laeýkaeh jfiki-sa `rgsi tarrastra (tarric). H eivadieta mava tar h fé`gth ma h`sarvir h jçu. Geÿkaris euvaes Jgrrus ipirajaemh ma uki kaski mgraäêh phmak sar jhesgmarimis Jgrrus prç-lrhetigs a phmak raprasaetir gemëjghs ma jhemgäñas savaris ma takph eis prhxgkgmimas mi lraeta.

H ]AKRH DAPICKAE]A KQMI RIPI RGHP YQIEMH? ‚ Euvaes jgrrus trieslhrkik-sa trieslhrkik-sa ak jgrrhs jgrrhstritus, tritus, iìgxik-sa a threik-s threik-saa kigs aspassis, jrgiem jrgiemhh uki ipirïejgi ma –jçu pamraeth‛> ‚ euvaes qua sa khvak khvak ripgmikaeta iukaetik ak eÿ eÿkarh karh a iìgxik ak icturi> ‚ euvaes khvak-sa ak mglaraetas mgraäñas, mas masaejhetrimikaeta aejhetrimikaeta eh jçu, ak mglaraetas mglaraetas icturis> ‚ icthjukucus hu icthstritus icthstritus asjurajak h jçu a h fhr fhrgzheta gzheta i hasta (gsth ç, euvaes kçmgis ipirajak eh fhrgzheta fhrgzheta i hasta) a h ìrýkatrh jig ripgmikaeta> ‚ h vaeth shpri lhrta lhrta ma kiefê jamh> ‚ h ìrýkatrh jig répgmi a jhetgeuimikaeta> jhetgeuimikaeta> ‚ hjhrra uk iduijagrh murieta murieta i ehgta> ‚ h jçu lgji ivarkacfimh eh eh eisjar mh Zhc> ‚ uki lraeta lrgi, quaeta quaeta hu hjcusi sa iprhxgki> ‚ h vaeth E hu EA EA pissi i shprir mh Z hu ZA> a ‚ i takparituri asté iehrkic iehrkic piri i çphji mh ieh. Is vidis, aetêh, sêh darimis pach vaeth prasaeta. Hs sadugetas acakaeths prhvhjik h jhkpcath masaevhcvgkaeth mis vidis? (i) I mgraäêh a getaesgmima mh vaeth qua shpri>

(`) i muriäêh mh vaeth (takph murieta h quic shpri)> a (j) i pgsti parjhrrgmi pach vaeth sh`ra sh`ra i suparlëjga mh kir. I mgstgeäêh aetra vidis a kirucfh ç lagti usiemh-sa hs sadugetas jrgtçrghs?

(m) Mgraäêh mi hemi> (a) ispajth mi hemi> a (l) parëhmh mi hemi. Hutrh lithr pramhkgeieta ei lhrkiäêh mis hemis ç i muriäêh mh vaeth. kirucfh ç h ehka qua sa mé âs hemis qua lhrik darimis ak hutrh cudir a qua eêh sêh kietgmis pach vaeth qua shpri eh pheth ma h`sarviäêh. Ehäñas ma

Apostila - de - Arrais - Amador NOVA

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