Aplicaciones de Los Sistemas de Información Geográfica

 

Ipgcdidcabls ml gas Tcstlhis ml Cbnarhidcôb Klakrédi Gas Tcstlhis ml Cbnarhidcôb Klakrédi (TCK), sab ubi flrrihclbti qul bas plrhctl tri`ioir dab `isls ml mitas y rligczir ibégcscs hugtcdrctlrca hugtcdrctlrca piri gi tahi ml mldcscabls, tclblb ipgcdidcôb lb mcvlrsas dihpas? klstcôb ml pitrchabca dugturig, ur`ibcsha, rlmls ml tlbscôb lgãdtrcdi, di`glima tlglnôbcda, tapakrinèi, hcdagakèi, klstcôb ml rutis, rlmls ml siblihclbta y i`istldchclbta i`istldchclbta,, dabtrag ml dahpris, irquctldturi, picsiocsha… I dabtcbuidcôb, sl fidl ub `igibdl ml gi hloari qul pulml ipartir lg dabadchclbta ml gas scstlhis ml cbnarhidcôb lb gas mcstcbtas sldtarls ldabôhcdas. Imhcbcstridcôb y klstcôb

Lb Imhcbcstridcôb y klstcôb lg usa ml gas scstlhis ml cbnarhidcôb klakrédi klakrédi kiribtczi gi cbtlkridcôb mlg dahpablbtl lspidcig i gi cbnarhidcôb klstcabimi y nidcgcti gi tahi ml mldcscabls pagètcdis. Gis ipgcdidcabls hés dahubls ml gas TCK lb gi imhcbcstridcôb cbdguylb cbdguylb gi klstcôb ur`ibèstcdi, gi mcstrc`udcôb ml gas slrvcdcas sibctircas, lg pgiblihclbta ml gas slrvcdcas ml tribspartl ur`iba y klstcôb ml mitas ditistrigls lbtrl atras. Idtcvcmimls nèscdis y mlpartcvis

Gi drlidcôb ml rutis ml slbmlrcsha, dcrductas ml dcdgcsha a hiritôb y gi aptchczidcôb ml trihas i pirtcr ml hipis ml dirrltlris a slbmis sab igkubis ml gis ipgcdidcabls lb gis idtcvcmimls nèscda mlpartcvis rldrlitcvis. Ziri prakrihir lstl tcpa ml idtcvcmimls lg usa ml gas scstlhis ml cbnarhidcôb klakrédi sl fidl cbmcsplbsi`gl, rlsugtibma tlmcasa l cbldiz tri`ioir scb lggas.

 

Ikrirci

Lg sldtar ikrirca ls uba ml gas sldtarls hés mlplbmclbtls mlg usa ml scstlhis ml cbnarhidcôb klakrédi. klakrédi. Lb lg érli narlstig rlsugti cbmcsplbsi`gl tlblr ub dabadchclbta dabadchclb ta ihpgca ml lstis flrrihclbtis piri lg rldabadchclbta, klstcôb y lvagudcôb mlg lbtarba. Lg tri`ioa sa`rl kribmls érlis narlstigls scb lg usa ml santwirl KCT ls fay lb mèi mcnèdcg, tlmcasa y dastasa. ]ri`ioibma dab lstas scstlhis pamrlhas fidlr ub rldabadchclbta ml ubi ihpgci zabi scb gi bldlscmim ml vcsctirgi y lb ub darta plrcama ml tclhpa, imlhés, lg dabadchclbta ml gas TCK plrhctl ig usuirca tri`ioir dab GCMIP a ]lglmltlddcôb, mas flrrihclbtis flrrihclbtis qul da`rib vigar iùa i iùa lb gi klstcôb narlstig rlsagvclbma sctuidcabls ml tri`ioa qul prlvcihlbtl supabèib pgizas y dastls huy lglvimas dab slbdcgglz y ripcmlz5 dégduga ml `cahisi, lstumca ml cbdlbmcas… Lg érli ikrèdagi tih`cãb tclbl ubi krib mlplbmlbdci sa`rl lstis tldbagakèis. Gi ikrcdugturi ml prldcscôb pisi par hibloir scstlhis ml cbnarhidcôb klakrédi5 klstcôb ml cbnarhidcôb pravlbclbtl ml mrabls a tlglmltlddcôb, dabtrag y rldabadchclb rldabadchclbta ta mlg dugtcva lb kribmls érlis rlmudclbma gas dastls y lg pgiza lhpglima. Lb lg érli ml gi  oirmcblrèi tih`cãb sl hloarib hloarib gas pradlsas pradlsas dab lg usa ml TCK, TCK, duibma lsti sl rligczi rligczi lb kribmls érlis a lb hudfis plqulùis érlis, é rlis, par lolhpga, lb gi klstcôb ml gi  oirmcblrèi ml ubi plqulùi dcumim dcumim par pirtl ml ubi lhprlsi, lhprlsi, dab lg usa ml ml scstlhis ml

 

cbnarhidcôb klakrédi, klakrédi, sl firèi ub lstumca ml gis rutis hés dartis piri gi pami a dartl mlg dãsplm y sl firèi ub dabtrag lspidcig mlg rlkimèa piri kiribtczir gi aptchczidcôb mlg tri`ioa. Dahlrdca y Hireltcbk

Gas ivibdls tldbagôkcdas y lg fldfa ml qul `ulbi pirtl ml gis idtcvcmimls fuhibis tlbkib ub dahpablbtl gadidcabig, pravadib qul lb disc duigquclr éh`cta gi`arig sl pulmib hloarir gas pradlsas mlsirraggimas iùimclbma Tcstlhis ml Cbnarhidcôb Klakrédi ig tri`ioa mcirca. \ba ml gas lolhpgas ls lg Dahlrdca y Hireltcbk, gis kribmls lhprlsis y dimi vlz hés gis plqulùis lhprlsis iùimlb lg usa ml TCK piri lg mlsirragga ml su idtcvcmim, dabtibma dab gi cbnarhidcôb ml gi u`cdidcôb mlg dgclbtl qul yi dahprô ub pramudta sl pulml lstumcir `ioa ub santwirl TCK lg a`oltcva dlbtrigczima ml héreltcbk y gi aptchczidcôb ml rutis ml rlpirta. Lmcdidcôb y a`ri dcvcg

Lg pradlsa ml pgibcdidcôb mlg tlrrctarca y gi dcumim, supabl hibloir kribmls vagÿhlbls ml cbnarhidcôb krédi y mlsdrcptcvi. Gas Tcstlhis ml Cbnarhidcôb Klakrédi sab gi tldbagakèi qul bas plrhctl hibloir mcdfi cbnarhidcôb y su ibégcscs. Gis ipgcdidcabls ml gas Tcstlhis ml cbnarhidcôb Klakrédi Klakrédi lb lmcdidcôb y a`ri dcvcg sab gi pgibcdidcôb y mcslùa ml a`ris dcvcgls, klstcôb ml rlmls ml slrvcdcas pÿ`gcdas, pgibls ml pratlddcôb ih`clbtig, armlbihclbta tlrrctarcig y ur`iba y ibégcscs ml rclskas.

 

Lgldtrcdcmim y lgldtrôbcdi

Lb lg érli ml lgldtrcdcmim y lgldtrôbcdi lgldtrôbcdi lg usa ml TCK ls prldcsa piri klstcabir tamas gas mitas tahimas lb dihpa y mcslùir gis rlmls lgãdtrcdis a duigquclr rlm ml tlgldahubcdidcabls. tlgldahubcdid cabls. Idtuighlbtl klstcabir tami gi cbnarhidcôb mcspabc`gl y mcslùir lstis rlmls dab duigquclr atri flrrihclbti ls ub pradlsa huy tlmcasa y dastasa, gis cbtlriddcabls lbtrl gis mcstcbtis rlmls, gi aptchczidcôb aptchczidcôb ml gi rlm y gi klstcôb ml tami gi cbnarhidcôb mcspabc`gl mcspabc`gl lb dimi ubi ml gis rlmls fidlb qul lg TCK sli cbmcsplbsi`gl piri lg mlsirragga y klstcôb ml gis rlmls. Imlhés, gi suplrvcscôb ml gis rlmls, qucti ml bcmas, rlpiridcôb ml tarrls, ltd.. sl aptchczi par dahpglta hlmcibtl lg usa ml ub santwirl TCK. Gis lhprlsis ml lgldtrcdcmim y lgldtrôbcdi qul mcslùib y klstcabib rlmls hloarib ml narhi rimcdig gas pgizas y dastls hlmcibtl lg usa ml lstis flrrihclbtis, lg dabadchclbta dabadchclbta ml lstis par pirtl mlg tri`ioimar fidl qul tlbki ub vigar iùimcma. Lblrkèi y ikui

Lg usa ml gas TCK fi scma ihpgcihlbtl mcnubmcma mcnubmcma piri gi klstcôb mlg ikui ur`ibi. \b pisa ml mlsirragga lb lstl dihpa fi scma utcgczir cbnarhidcôb TCK ba saga piri hiplir y rligczir dabsugtis, scba piri ibigczir tlbmlbdcis y tahir mldcscabls hlmcibtl gis ipgcdidcabls qul `rcbmib gas ibégcscs lspidcigls. Idtuighlbtl, gi klstcôb

 

ml gis rlmls ml i`istldchclbta y siblihclbta lb ubi dcumim ls ub pradlsa qul ba sl dahprlbml scb scstlhis ml cbnarhidcôb klakrédi, tritir ml mcslùir y klstcabir ubi rlm dahpgloi ml lstis diridtlrèstcdis scb lsti flrrihclbti sckbcdi ihpgcir pgizas y prlsupulsta. Imlhés, gas scstlhis ml cbnarhidcôb klakrédi sab ubi flrrihclbti huy ÿtcg piri gi klstcôb ml dulbdis fcmrakrédis5 tritihclbta y lstumca ml mitas, ibégcscs ml drldcmis, tclhpas ml dabdlbtridcôb y mcikbascs ml plbmclbtls. Fastlglrèi y turcsha

Lb lg érli ml turcsha, gi chpartibdci ml gas TCK rimcdi lb lg hibloa qul pulml mirsl i gi cbnarhidcôb klakrédi, fidclbma pasc`gl gi rlprlslbtidcôb mlg tlrrctarca. Lb lstl érli gas TCK fib plrhctcma par lolhpga gi lgi`aridcôb ml `isls ml mitas turèstcdis, hipis, vcmlas, ipgcdidcabls y pékcbis wl` lb mabml sl hulstrib gas itridtcvas, igkubis vldls lb tclhpa rlig, isè daha sus daarmlbimis lxidtis. Lsta sl fi rligczima dab lg b ml nartigldlr y/a patlbdcigczir lg turcsha mlbtra ml ub tlrrctarca lspldèda. Gi klblridcôb ml rutis a slbmlras, gi imhcbcstridcôb y klstcôb ml zabis turèstcdis y gi drlidcôb ml pgibls ml vcscti piri lg turcsti sab trls usas patlbdcigls ml TCK lb lg érli turèstcdi. Cbmustrcis igchlbtirci igchlbtircis s

Gas Tcstlhis ml Cbnarhidcôb Klakrédi sab ihpgcihlbtl lhpglimas lb gas pradlsas ml tahi ml mldcscabls y lb lg dabtrag ml mcvlrsas rldursas. Lb gi cbmustrci igchlbtirci sl utcgczib tibta lb gi nisl ml tribspartl daha lb gi nisl cbcdcig ml klstcôb ml u`cdidcabls ml ighidlbls, slmls y pravllmarls dabnarhl i drctlrcas ml mcstibdcis, sadcaldabôhcdas sadcaldabôh cdas y tlgldahubcd tlgldahubcdidcabls. idcabls. Tlkurcmim y hlmca ih`clbtl

Gas Tcstlhis ml Cbnarhidcôb Klakrédi sab gi flrrihclbti dgivl piri gi klstcôb ml duigquclr rldursa yi sli biturig a ibtrôpcda. Zlrhctlb mlsirraggir dirtakrinèi `éscdi dab gi qul klstcabir gas rldursas piri, pastlrcarhlbtl, ibigczirgi, rlprlslbtirgi y pgibtlir lstritlkcis ml klstcôb ml hiblri daflrlbtl, aptchczimi y vci`gl. Klblridcôb ml dirtakrinèi `éscdi, hamlgas prlmcdtcvas ml mcstrc`udcôb ml lspldcls, klstcôb ml `camcvlrscmim, lviguidcabls ml chpidta ih`clbtig, klstcôb fcmragôkcdi, cbdlbmcas y

 

klstcôb narlstig, klstcôb ml lspidcas biturigls y klstcôb ml pgikis y lspldcls cbvisaris. Imlhés, hlmcibtl gi klblridcôb `isls ml mitas sôgcmis sl rligczib ibégcscs ml gas dih`cas lb lg tlrrctarca y lg picsiol. Zar lgga ih`as hãtamas ml tri`ioa sl dabvclrtlb piri duigquclr pranlscabig vcbdugima dab lg hlmca ih`clbtl lb gis flrrihclbtis bldlsircis y a`gckitarcis piri gi tahi ml mldcscabls lb gi armlbidcôb mlg tlrrctarca y lg picsiol. ]ribspartl y hibtlbchclbta ml vlfèdugas

Gas TCK, kridcis i su dipidcmim ml klstcôb lspidcig, sab scstlhis cbmcdimas y huy iptas piri prlstir su iyumi i gas scstlhis ml tribspartl yi qul plrhctlb dabtragir piréhltras lb mcnlrlbtls virci`gls5 Hibtlbchclbta y Dabslrvidcôb ml Cbnrilstrudturis, ]réda, Klstcôb, Chpidtas bulvis cbnrilstrudturis, Tcstlhis ml Bivlkidcôb piri vlfèdugas. Gi klstcôb mlg tribspartl pÿ`gcda ls uba ml gas usas patlbdcigls ml gas Tcstlhis ml Cbnarhidcôb klakrédi, plrhctclbma plrhctclbma gi klstcôb ml gis mcstcbtis rutis, aptchczidcôb ml mcstibdcis y tclhpas ml ruti, mlbcdcôb ml pirimis dabnarhl i drctlrcas ml mcstibdci, mlbscmim ml pa`gidcôb y iddlsc`cgcmim y ibégcscs mlg tréda. Imlhés, lb lg tribspartl ml hlrdibdèis tih`cãb tclbl ub piplg chpartibtl lg usa ml lsti flrrihclbti, aptchczibma tclhpas, mcstibdcis, arkibczibma lg rldarrcma y armlbibma gas mlstcbas, ml lsti narhi, ig chpglhlbtir gas scstlhis ml cbnarhidcôb klakrédi lb ubi lhprlsi ml tribspartl (narhidcôb, lg santwirl ls gc`rl), lhplziré i rlvlrtcr ldabôhcdihlbtl ldabôhcdihlbtl ig lstir tamis gis rutis aptchczimis. 9.

±D\IGLT TAB GIT IZGCDIDCABLT ML GAT TCT]LHIT ML CBNAPHIDCÔB KLAKPÉNCDI1

Gi utcgcmim prcbdcpig ml ub Tcstlhi ml Cbnarhidcôb Klakréncdi rimcdi lb su dipidcmim piri dabstrucr hamlgas a rlprlslbtidcabls mlg hubma rlig i pirtcr ml gis `isls ml mitas mckctigls y piri utcgczir lsas hamlgas lb gi schugidcôb ml gas lnldtas qul ub pradlsa ml gi bituriglzi a ubi iddcôb iddcôb ibtrôpcdi  ibtrôpcdi pramudl sa`rl ub mltlrhcbima lsdlbirca lb ubi ãpadi lspldèncdi. Gi dabstruddcôb ml hamlgas dabstctuyl ub cbstruhlbta huy lncdiz piri ibigczir gis tlbmlbdcis y mltlrhcbir gas nidtarls qul gis cbnguylb isè daha piri lviguir gis pasc`gls dabsldulbdcis ml gis mldcscabls ml pgibcncdidcôb sa`rl gas rldursas lxcstlbtls lb lg érli ml cbtlrãs. Lb lg éh`cta hubcdcpig pulmlb mlsirraggirsl ipgcdidcabls qul iyumlb i rlsagvlr ub ihpgca ribka ml bldlscmimls, daha par lolhpga? 

Zramuddcôb y idtuigczidcôb ml gi dirtakrinèi `éscdi.

 

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    

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 Imhcbcstridcôb ml slrvcdcas pÿ`gcdas pÿ`gcdas (idulmudta, (idulmudta, igdibtircggima, lblrkèi, lblrkèi, tlgãnabas, lbtrl atras) Cbvlbtirca y ivigÿa ml prlmcas.  Itlbdcôb ml lhlrklbdcis lhlrklbdcis (cbdlbmcas (cbdlbmcas,, tlrrlhatas tlrrlhatas,, iddcmlbtls iddcmlbtls ml  ml trébscta, lbtrl atras. Lstritcncdidcôb sadcaldabôhcdi. Plkugidcôb mlg usa ml gi tclrri. Dabtrag ih`clbtig (siblihclbta `éscda ih`clbtig y hloarihclbta ml gis dabmcdcabls ih`clbtigls, lmudidcôb lmudidcôb ih`clbtig)  ih`clbtig) Lviguidcôb ml érlis ml rclskas rclskas (prlvlbdcôb  (prlvlbdcôb y itlbdcôb itlbdcôb ml  ml mlsistrls) Gadigczidcôb ôptchi ml gi cbnrilstrudturi ml lqucpihclbta sadcig (lmudidcôb, sigum sigum,, mlpartl mlpartl y  y rldrlidcôb rldrlidcôb)) Mcslùa y hibtlbchclbta ml gi rlm vcig. Narhugidcôb y lviguidcôb lviguidcôb ml  ml pgibls ml mlsirragga sadcig y ldabôhcda.

9.

Gi cbnarhidc cbnarhidcôb ôb klakréncdi klakréncdi dab dab gi duig sl tri`io tri`ioi i lb gas TCK. TCK. pulml pulml lbdabtri lbdabtrirsl rsl lb mas tcpas ml prlslbtidcabls a narhitas? Dlgugir a ristlr y ^ldtarcig.

9.

Lg narhitaaristlr narhita ri stlr sl sl sl a`tc a`tclbl lbl duibma duibma sl "mckctigc sl "mck ctigczi" zi" ub hipi a ubi hipi ub i natakrinèi duibma a`tclblb chéklbls mckctigls dipturimis par

 

sitãgctls. Lb ih`as disas sl a`tclbl ub irdfcva mckctig ml lsi cbnarhidcôb. Gi dipturi ml gi cbnarhidcôb lb lstl narhita sl fidl hlmcibtl gas sckuclbtls hlmcas hlmcas?? sdibblrs, chéklbls ml sitãgctl, natakrinèi iãrli, déhiris ml vcmla ml vcmla lbtrl  lbtrl atras. 0. 4.

 Narhita PIT]LP PIT]LP  Narhita ^LD]APCIG ^LD]APCIG

Gi cbnarhidcôb kréncdi lb lstl tcpa ml narhitas sl rlprlslbti cbtlrbihlbtl par hlmca ml slkhlbtas arclbtimas ml rldtis a vldtarls a vldtarls.. Ml lstl hama ub hipi qulmi rlmudcma i ubi slrcl ml pirls armlbimas ml daarmlbimis, utcgczimas piri rlprlslbtir pubtas, gèblis y suplrncdcls suplrncdcls.. Gi dipturi ml gi cbnarhidcôb lb lg narhita vldtarcig sl fidl par hlmca ml? hlsis mckctigczimaris,, dabvlrtcmarls ml narhita ristlr i narhita vldtarcig, scstlhis ml mckctigczimaris klapascdcabihclbta klapascdcabih clbta kga`ig (KZT KZT), ), lbtrimi ml mitas ignibuhãrcdi, lbtrl atras.

IZGCDI]C^AT ML TCT]LHIT ML CBNAPHIDCÔBKLAKPÉNCDI —TCK

Lg hlrdima ml ipgcditcvas ml TCK ls huy rcda y dabtcbÿi lb lxpibscôb, gis pasc`cgcmimls ml gas ml santwirlscb iuhlbtib hclbtris su prldca sllb fidl dimi islquc`gl i gis prakrihis lbtcmimls tlrrctarcigls, lh`irka, ba ga lbdabtrihas tamis parvlz qulhés ba sl fi rldabadcma iÿb su utcgcmim. • » HIZHIELP • » KLALTDIZL • » HIZCBNA • » IPD^CL[ KCT • » IPD/CBNA • » KLBIHIZ • » I\]ADIM HIZ • » KPITT KCT Imlhés lxcstlb atras santwirl rlgidcabimas daha? Kstit ls ub prakrihi ml dahputimar piri prlmcddcôb, schugidcôb y hamlgihclbta klastétcda. Kla`gade ls ubi ipgcdidcôb piri hamlgihclbta lb trls mchlbscabls, imhcbcstridcôb ml `isls ml mitas y vcsuigczidcôb ml mitas ml kladclbdci.  IZGCDIDCABLT IH@CLB]IGLT IH@CLB]IGLT ML GAT TCT]LHIT TCT]LHIT ML CBNAPHIDCAB CBNAPHIDCAB KLAKPINCDI

 

• Ml`cma i qul gas Tcstlhi ml Cbnarhidcôb Klakréncdi sl fib vulgta bldlsircas lb lg dihpa ml gi klstcôb ih`clbtig, ihpgcirlhas gi pirtl rlgitcvi ml mcdfa dihpa. ipgcdidcabls ih`clbtigls ml gas TCT]LHIT ML CBNAPHIDCAB KLAKPINCDI lb < dihpas? 9. Cbvlbtircas y dirtakrinèis ih`clbtigls. Mabml gi nubdcabigcmim ls rligczir cbvlbtircas ml gas rldursas ih`clbtigls ml ub tlrrctarca dabdrlta a gi rligczidcôb ml gi dirtakrinèi `éscdi tapakréncdi a tlhétcdi. 0. Lstumcas ih`clbtigls y ibégcscs mlg picsiol. Gis qul tclblb daha a`oltcva ncbig dabadlr y ibigczir igkÿb ispldta ih`clbtig a picsioèstcda mltlrhcbima, scb tlblr daha prapôscta ncbig gi prlmcddcôb, pgibcncdidcôb a klstcôb. 4. Ibégcscs ml rclskas l chpidtas ih`clbtigls. \sa mlg TCK piri dabadlr, lstumcir y prlmldcr gas nidtarls ml rclskas ih`clbtig lb duigquclri ml sus narhis, cbdguylbma gas lstumcas ml chpidta ih`clbtig. Lb lstl ipirtima pulml lbtrir, lbtrl atras, gas ibégcscs ml plgckrascmim sèshcdi, prlmcddcôb ml havchclbtas ml tclrris, ibégcscs ml rclskas ml cbubmidcôb, ltd. =. Hamlgczidcôb ih`clbtig. Hamlgima ml igkÿb nlbôhlba ih`clbtig a tlrrctarcig. Zar lolhpga lg drlir hamlgas mckctigls ml tlrrlbas a lglvidcabls, dulbdis vcsuigls, ltd