Aplicación y Calificación Del CDS
July 27, 2022 | Author: Anonymous | Category: N/A
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Mubsthaodrha `b @bprbshýo pdrd Ohôas
M@] K. Idoe y K. Phsfbr Phsfbr Oarkds `b Dpihmdmhýo y Mdihghmdmhýo
Dpihmdmhýo Zrbvha d id dpihmdmhýo
Bstdnibmhkhbota `b rdppart. Bstdnibmhkhbota Bi bvdiud`a `bnb bstdr sbotd`a bo id kbsd grbotb di bxdkhod`ar bxdkhod`ar.. ]b botrbed fald `b rbspubstd y iäphz.
Id sheuhbotb maosheod bs saia uod euëd `b dpihmdmhýo, bi bxdkhod`a bxdkhod`arr `bnb uthihzdr su luhmha pdrd d`bmudrids d id shtudmhýo y sulbtas maomrbtas.
’Atras ohôas fdo maotbstd`a d ids grdsbs qub vay d ibbr, `hmhbo`a mýka phbosdo a mýka shbotbo, shbotbo, sh bstäo `b dmubr`a a oa oa sanrb ia qub sb `hmb bo bsds bsds grdsbs. ]ýia vbrè ids maotbstdmhaobs maotbstdmhaobs pdrd maoambr tus tus pranibkds‛
Dpihmdmhýo ’Xa ibbrè uo oükbra y uod grdsb, y tu maotbstdräs bo id fald qub thbobs `bidotb, paohbo`a uod kdrmd sanrbb uoa `b ias mër sanr mërmuias muias qub fdy `bspuès `b bsb oükbr oükbra. a. Zdrd qub vbds mýka sb maotbstd vay d paobrtb uo blbkpia‛
2. Grbmubotbkbotb kb `bsphbrta `urdotb id oamfb
’]h maotbstdstb `bndla `b ++ bs qub bstäs kuy `b dmubr`a mao ia qub `hmb id grdsb, qub kuy grbmubotbkbotb tb `bsphbrtds par ids oamfbs. ]h paobs id kdrmd `bndla… (Maothoudr mao ids pashnhih`d`bs y mao ids rbspubstds bxtrbkds). ]h sbôdids `bndla `b +/- bs qub oa bstä kuy sbeura, qub bstä botrb bi së y bi oa. ±Fds botbo`h`a1‛
Fald `b ^bspubstds
Zidothiid `b Marrbmmhýo Kdoudi
Zidothiid `b Marrbmmhýo Bibmtrýohmd
Antbomhýo `b ids puotudmhaobs `hrbmtds
Zdrd antbobr ids puotudmhaobs `hrbmtds (Z@) `bi M@] sb uthihzdo `as thpas `b pidothiids uod kdoudi y id atrd bibmtrýohmd.
]b `bnb maosh`brdr ia sheuhbotb< Md`d bibkbota sb puotüd bo uod bsmdid `b 4 d 2 puotas bo id `hrbmmhýo `bi rdsea `b id `bprbshýo, `bs`b ’Kuy bo `bsdmubr`a `bsdmubr`a d Kuy `b `bprbshva , y `bs`b ’Kuy `b dmubr dmubr`a‛ `b thpa dmubr`a `a d Kuy‛ bo `bsdmubr`a `bsdmubr `aboboias iasbibkbotas `b thpa pashthva .
Antbomhýo `b id Z@ uthihzdo`a id pidothiid kdoudi 4. ]b maiamd maiamd id pidothiid pidothiid sanrb sanrb id fald `b rbspubstd rbspubstd `b ka`a ka`a qub ias mërmui mërmuias as bxhstbotbs bo bi kdrebo hzquhbr`a `b id pidothiid dpdrbzmdo ias oükbras 4 y >2. Ias rbmud`ras didred`as qub fdy `botra `b id pidohiid `bldräo vbr ias bibkbotas (ëtbks) pbrtbobmhbotbs d id prhkbrd sunbsmdid (DD) y bomhkd `b ias rbmud`ras sb bomubotrd id bsmdid `b puotudmhýo (2 d 4). Zastbrharkbotb, sb sukdo ias puotdlb antboh`as par ias bibkbotas `b DD. Ansèrvbsb qub oa sb homiuybo ias rbmud`ras `b id pidothiid sbôdid`as mao mërmuias y oukbrdmhýo 70,72 y 77 `b id ndsb `b id khskd, pubsta qub oa pbrtbobmbo d id sunbsmdid DD. Maka sb ho`hmd bo id pdrtb supbrhar `b id pidothiid, pdrd antbobr id puotudmhýo `hrbmtd `b DD sb rbstd 06 d id sukd antboh`d ( DD; 06 ” sukd `b puotas antboh`d)
Bsmdid DD (^bdmthvas 4, 8, 45, >2, ==, 04, 08, 25)
Antbomhýo `b id Z@ uthihzdo`a id pidothiid kdoudi >. D maothoudmhýo sb `bsihzd uo pama fdmhd dndla id pidothiid fdstd qub bo ias mërmuias `bi kdrebo hzquhbr`a dpdrbzmdo ias oükbras > y >7. Bo bstb kakbota ias rbmud`ras didred`as `botra `b id pidothiid `bldräo vbr ias bibkbotas rbspubstds `b id sunbsmdid id sunbsmdid ^D (rbdmthvas >, 4:, 46, >7, =0, 0>, 2:, 26). ]b sukdo ias puotas antboh`as y su rbsuitd`a sb doatdrä bo id sbeuo`d mdshiid `bi kdrebo `brbmfa `b id Fald (^D). =. ]b vubivb d `bsihzdr id pidothiid fdmhd dndla y sb tbo`rä< ]unbsmdids
Oükbras
^bdmthvas qub maogarkdo md`d sunbsmdid
Z]
= y >5
6 ëtbk (=, 44, 48, >5, =2, 0=, 24, 28)
DB
0 y >6
6 ëtbk (0, 4>, >:, >6, =7, 00, 2>)
ZK
2 y >8
5 ëtbk (2, 4=, >4, >8, =5, 02, 2=)
]M
7 y =:
6 ëtbk (7, 40, >>, =:, =6, 07, 20, 74)
@W
5 y =4
8 ëtbk (5, 42, >=, =4, =8, 05, 22, 7>, 77)
ZW
6 y =>
4: ëtbk (6, 47, >0, =>, 0>, 06, 27, 7=, 70, 72) Bo ZW bs obmbsdrha rbstdr 7:- id sukd `b puotas antboh`d
Antbomhýo `b id Z@ uthihzdo`a id pidothiid kdoudi 0. Rod vbz doatd`ds ids puotudmhaobs `hrbmtds `b ids amfa sunbsmdids bo bi kdrebo `brbmfa `b id fald, sb pramb`b d antbobr ids `as `hkboshaobs supbrharbs, Patdi Zashthva y Patdi @bprbshva, `b id sheuhbotb garkd< PZ ; DD + ZW P@ ; ^D + Z] + DB + ZK + ]M + @W
Rthihzdmhýo
`b
id
Zidothiid
Bibmtrýohmd (Bxmbi) 4. Zdrd antbobr id Z@ mao id pidothiid bibmtrýohmd, üohmdkbotb tbobkas qub paobr ias puotas qub antuva `b dmubr`a d id sheuhbotb sunbsmdid< ++
+
+/-
-
--
2
0
=
>
4
4
>
>. Ias puotas antboh` antboh`as as sb doatdo bo id mdshi mdshiid id `b tatdi. Zar blbkpia< ]h bo bi rbdmthva 4 kdrma `bndla `b + ias puotas antboh`as sbrëdo 0. Fdmbr ia khska mao ids `bkäs rbspubstds.
=
=. Rod vbz hoerbsd`a ta`ds ids rbspubstd bo bi rbmud`ra `b id `brbmfd, dpdrbmbräo ids sunbsmdids mao su rbspbmthva Z@. Oatd< bo ids bsmdids DD y ZW, id Z@ qub dpdrbmb bs id marrbeh`d, bs `bmhr, rbstdo`a 06 y 7: rbspbmthvdkbotb.
Oarkds `b Hotbrprbtdmhýo Maovbrshýo `b Z@ d Zbrmbothibs 4. Nusm Nusmdr dr bo bo bi `am `amukb ukbota ota ’Ndrbkas kbxhmdoas‛, bi erupa `b b`d` y sbxa `bi bvdiud`a. >. Zast Zastbrh brharkb arkbotb otb,, sb nus nusmd md id id Z@ `b md`d sunbsmdid bo garkd vbrthmdi. =. Za Zarr üit üithk hka, a, bi pbrmbothi (ZM) `b id Z@ Z@,, ia pa`bkas bomaotrdr fdmhd id `brbmfd a fdmhd id hzquhbr`d `b garkd farhzaotdi. Blbkpia< tbobkas uod pbrsaod `b sbxa gbkbohoa, `b 8 dôas = kbsbs, quhbo antuva bo id bsmdid DD uod Z@ `b =: y uo pbrmbothi pbrmbothi `b =:. 0. ]b rbdihzd rbdihzd bi khska khska pramb`hkhb pramb`hkhbota ota pdrd pdrd ids `bkäs sunbsmdids, doatdr bi ZM bo bi ’garkdta `b hotbrprbtdmhýo‛. Oatd< @ bs P@ y Z bs PZ.
4
>
=
Garkdta `b Hotbrprbtdmhýo ]RNB]MDI D DD ^D Z] DB ZK ]M @W ZW P@
PZ
Z@
ZM
K ” @] Iëkhtb hogbrhar
=: = :
=:
Kb`hd (K)
K + @] Ihkhtb supbrhar
Zbrmbothi
Antbomhýo `b id kb`hd y `bsvhdmhýo bstäo`dr pdrd bstdnibmbr ^doeas (Ndla ” Zrakb`ha ” Dita) 4. Antboh`as ias ZM, sb thbob qub `btbrkhodr bi rdoea bo qub sb bomubotrd id Z@ `b md`d bsmdid. Zdrd biia, bs obmbsdrha h`bothghmdr id Kb`hd (K) y id @bsvhdmhýo Bstäo`dr (@]). Oatd< id kb`hd y id `bsvhdmhýo bstäo`dr vdrhd sbeüo md`d sunbsmdid. Bo id tdnid `b ndrbkas id kb`hd bs rbprbsbotd`d rbprbsbotd`d par uod . >. Rod vbz h`bothghmd`d id kb`hd y id `bsvhdmhýo bstäo`dr, sukdrdo bstäo`dr, sukdrdo id kb`hd y `bsvhdmhýo pdrd `bsvhdmhýo pdrd bstdnibmbr bi iëkhtb supbrhar, y rbstdrdo id kb`hd y `bsvhdmhýo bi ihkhtb hogbrhar.
>
4
Blbkpia< ]unbsmdid DD DD Z@< =: ; => @] ; 2 Dita Ndla
V ” @] => ” 2 ; >5
=>
+ @] => + 2 ; =5
Zrakb`ha
=. Zdrd `btbrkhodr qub rdoea sb bomubotrd id sunbsmdid thbobs qub nusmdr id Z@. Blbkpia, bo id bsmdid DD sb antuva uo Z@ `b =:, par ia tdota, bi rdoea marrbspao`hbotb bs Z^AKB@HA, parqub sb bomubotrd botrb >6 d rrhnd `b =5, bi rdoea sbrëd DIPA , (ihkhtb hogbrhar) y =5 (ihkhtb supbrhar). ]h supbrhar). ]h funhbrd antboh`a uo puotdlb drrhnd y uo puotdlb kboar d >6, sbrëd NDLA . Iibodr id hogarkdmhýo bo bi garkdta `b hotbrprbtdmhýo
Garkdta `b Hotbrprbtdmhýo ]RNB]MDID
Z@
ZM
DD
=: = :
=:
^D Z] DB ZK ]M @W ZW P@ PZ
K ” @] Iëkhtb hogbrhar >5
Kb`hd (K) =>
K + @] Ihkhtb supbrhar =5
Ndla ” Zrakb`ha ” Dita Zrakb`ha
]b rbdihzd bi khska pramb`hkhbota pdrd md`d uod `b ids sunbsmdids. Oatd< Id kb`hd y `bsvhdmhýo bstäo`dr vdrhd sbeüo bi sbxa y id b`d` `bi bvdiud`a. Dsë
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