Analogies 101 Plus - Set F Copy TEXT BOLD SET F

SET F

Analogies 101 Plus Set F The examples below will introduce you to analogies. Each analogy consists of two pairs of words. Your job is to make the second pair express a relationship between its two words that is as similar as possible to the relationship between the words in the first pair. For instance, in the analogy WATER : HOSE :: BLOOD : _______________________ VEIN, because "vein" names a tube through which blood flows just the best word to place in the blank would be VEIN, flows just as “hose” names a tube through which water flows. Now fill the blanks in the analogies below with the most suitable word or pair of words from those that are listed as choices.

1.

FACE : TISSUE :: BODY : __________________________ a. raincoat b. scarf c. towel d. umbrella e. handkerchief

7.

STRENGTH : WEAK :: COLOR : _____________________ a. bright b. black c. pale d. shining e. clear

2.

BRIGHT : SPOTLIGHT :: DIM : _____________________ a. sunlight b. headlight c. field light d. streetlight e. candlelight

8.

WEATHER : STORMY :: MOOD : ____________________ a. scared b. calm c. angry d. happy e. silly

3.

SALT : PINCH :: BUTTER : _________________________ a. stick b. pound c. margarine d. toast e. pat

9.

HAIR : STRAND :: GRASS : ________________________ a. blade b. weed c. lawn d. seed e. hay

4.

SPORTS ARENA : CHEERS :: THEATRE : ___________ a. audience b. applause c. stage d. comedy e. boos

10. TRIP : MAP :: MEAL : _____________________________ a. dinner b. beverage c. recipe d. waiter e. ingredient

5.

PATRIOTIC : FLAG :: MARRIED : _____________________ 11. SANDWICH : CONSUME :: LOG : ___________________ a. wedding gown a. build b. veil b. burn c. ring c. saw d. tuxedo d. stack e. bouquet e. spark

6.

OFFER : REFUSE :: GIFT : __________________________ 12. SOFA : CUSHION :: BED : _________________________ a. wrap a. canopy b. dislike b. mattress c. unwrap c. blanket d. return d. sheet e. give e. bedspread

SET F

13. HUMAN : FINGERNAIL :: LION : _______________ a. paw b. fur c. tooth d. claw e. mane

22. SNOW : SHOVEL :: __________________________ a. rain : bucket b. flour : measuring cup c. dust : mop d. garden : hoe e. sand : pail

14. BOOK : CHAPTER :: POEM : _________________ a. rhyme b. stanza c. library d. anthology e. song

23. PORTRAIT : FRAME :: ________________________ a. skirt : hem b. letter : margin c. wallpaper : wall d. roof : house e. easel : painting

15. FORK : RAKE :: a. knife : plate b. spoon : shovel c. hoe : axe d. hammer : nail e. lawn : leaf

24. PENCIL : POINT :: ____________________________ a. knife : edge b. pen : ink c. chalk : eraser d. needle : thread e. axe : handle

16. ACTOR : STAGE :: ________________________ a. dancer : ballet b. comedian : audience c. shortstop : baseball d. singer : opera e. quarterback : stadium

25. PRISONER : CELL :: __________________________ a. horse : pasture b. rose : fence c. window : screen d. river : dam e. lion : cage

17. HEIGHT : YARDSTICK :: ___________________ a. water : cup b. weight : scale c. minute hand : clock d. month : calendar e. inch : foot

26. BOARD : KNOTHOLE :: _______________________ a. tree : branch b. ship : porthole c. garden : weed d. lock : key e. string : bow

18. SCREEN : INSECTS :: _____________________ a. veil : face b. awning : sun c. curtain : window d. pond : frog e. fence : yard

27. PHOTOGRAPHER : CAMERA :: _________________ a. doctor : stethoscope b. carpenter : hammer c. scientist : microscope d. sculptor : clay e. musician : oboe

19. HUNTER : TRAP :: a. dog : leash b. river : dam c. spider : web d. bee : hive e. cat : mouse

28. REPTILE : SNAKE :: __________________________ a. dog : pet b. tree : squirrel c. pond : frog d. insect : dragonfly e. tyrannosaurus : dinosaur

20. FLUTE : ORCHESTRA :: ___________________ a. music : song b. drum : rhythm c. chorus : singer d. oak : forest e. shark : ocean

29. SAILBOAT a. b. c. d. e.

21. FLOWER : BUD :: a. student : teacher b. tree : branch c. person : baby d. lawn : blade e. leaf : acorn

30. ANKLE : KNEE :: ____________________________ a. shoulder : hip b. sock : pants c. bracelet : necklace d. wrist : elbow e. toe : thumb

: HARBOR :: _______________________ horse : barn bicycle : rack canoe : paddle ocean liner : Atlantic car : parking lot

ANALOGY FORMATS

Here are some of the kinds of relationships which analogies may express. Make up a second pair to match the first pair given in each example. 1.

ANTONYMS

frosty : toasty ::

2.

SYNONYMS

silky : smooth ::

3.

PART : WHOLE

wheel : wagon ::

4.

WHOLE : PART

window : pane :: ________________________

5.

TOOL : ITS ACTION

trowel : dig ::

6.

TOOL USER : TOOL

 judge : gavel ::

7.

TOOL : OBJECT IT’S USED WITH

computer : disk ::

8.

CATEGORY : EXAMPLE

mammal : beaver ::

9.

EFFECT : CAUSE

brightness : sunlight ::

10.

CAUSE : EFFECT

explosion : destruction :: _________________

11.

INCREASING INTENSITY

drizzle : downpour :: ____________________

12.

DECREASING INTENSITY

hot : warm ::

13.

ACTION : THING ACTED UPON

mend : sock :: _________________________

14.

ACTION : SUBJECT PERFORMING ACTION

pass : quarterback ::

15.

OBJECT OR PLACE : ITS USER

courtroom : lawyer :: ____________________

16.

NOUN : CLOSELY RELATED ADJECTIVE

tortoise : slow :: ________________________

Here are three important things to remember when you think about analogies: PARTS OF SPEECH. If the words in the first pair express a “noun : adjective” or “verb : noun” or “adjective : adjective” relationship (for instance), the second pair should show the same relationship between parts of speech. WORD ORDER. If the first pair expresses a “tool user : tool” relationship (for instance), the second pair must express the same relationship in the same order  (tool user first, tool second). EXACTNESS. Sometimes two or more of the given choices would make fairly good sense in the blank. When this happens, you should choose the word or pair of words that most exactly  suits the relationship you’re expressing.

ANSWERS TO ANALOGIES 101 – SET F:

1.

towel

2.

candlelight

3.

pat

4.

applause

5.

ring

6.

return

7.

pale

8.

angry

9.

blade

10.

recipe

11.

burn

12.

mattress

13.

claw

14.

stanza

15.

spoon : shovel

16.

quarterback : stadium

17.

weight : scale

18.

awning : sun

19.

spider : web

20.

oak : forest

21.

person : baby

22.

dust : mop

23.

letter : margin

24.

knife : edge

25.

lion : cage

26.

ship : porthole

27.

scientist : microscope

28.

insect : dragonfly

29.

car : parking lot

30.

wrist : elbow

Analogies 101 Plus Detailed Answer Key Set F

1.

FACE : TISSUE :: BODY : TOWEL You use a TISSUE to wipe dry your face. In the same way, you use a TOWEL to wipe dry your BODY. RAINCOAT is not the best answer because it is not something you use to wipe dry your BODY. SCARF is not the best answer because it is not something you use to wipe dry your BODY. UMBRELLA is not the best answer because it is not something you use to wipe dry your BODY. HANDKERCHIEF is not the best answer because it is not something you use to wipe dry your BODY. • • • •

2.

BRIGHT : SPOTLIGHT :: DIM : CANDLELIGHT A form of lighting that provides BRIGHT light is a SPOTLIGHT. Similarly, a form of lighting that provides DIM light is CANDLELIGHT. SUNLIGHT is not the best answer because it is not a form of lighting that provides DIM light. HEADLIGHT is not the best answer because it is not a form of lighting that provides DIM light. FIELD LIGHT is not the best answer because it is not a form of lighting that provides DIM light. STREETLIGHT is not the best answer because the light it provides is not as DIM as CANDLELIGHT. ! ! ! !

3.

SALT : PINCH :: BUTTER : PAT A small amount of SALT is called a PINCH. A small amount of BUTTER is called a PAT. STICK is not the best answer because it is not the name for a small amount of BUTTER. POUND is not the best answer because it is not the name for a small amount of BUTTER. MARGARINE is not the best answer because it is not the name for a small amount of BUTTER. TOAST is not the best answer because it is not the name for a small amount of BUTTER. • • • •

4.

SPORTS ARENA : CHEERS :: THEATRE : APPLAUSE The audience in a SPORTS ARENA shows its approval with CHEERS. In a similar way, the audience at a THEATRE shows its approval with APPLAUSE. AUDIENCE is not the best answer because it is not the way an audience at a THEATRE shows its approval. STAGE is not the best answer because it is not the way an audience at a THEATRE shows its approval. COMEDY is not the best answer because it is not the way an audience at a THEATRE shows its approval. BOOS is not the best answer because it is not the way an audience at a THEATRE shows its approval. • • • •

5.

PATRIOTIC : FLAG :: MARRIED : RING A FLAG is a symbol of being PATRIOTIC, as a RING is a symbol of being MARRIED. WEDDING GOWN is not the best answer because it is not a symbol of being MARRIED. It can be a symbol of getting  married. VEIL is not the best answer because it is not a symbol of being MARRIED. TUXEDO is not the best answer because it is not a symbol of being MARRIED. BOUQUET is not the best answer because it is not a symbol of being MARRIED. •

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6.

OFFER : REFUSE :: GIFT : RETURN If you did not want to accept an OFFER, you would REFUSE it; if you did not want to accept a GIFT, you would RETURN it. WRAP is not the best answer because it is not what you would do with a GIFT you did not want to accept. DISLIKE is not the best answer because it is not what you would do  with a GIFT you did not want to accept. UNWRAP is not the best answer because it is not what you would do with a GIFT you did not want to accept. GIVE is not the best answer because it is not what you would do with a GIFT you did not want to accept. • • • •

7.

STRENGTH : WEAK :: COLOR : PALE If something has little STRENGTH, it is WEAK. If something has little COLOR, it is PALE. BRIGHT is not the best answer because something with little COLOR is not BRIGHT. BLACK is not the best answer because something with little COLOR is not BLACK. SHINING is not the best answer because something with little COLOR is not SHINING. CLEAR is not the best answer because something with little COLOR is not CLEAR. • • • •

8.

WEATHER : STORMY :: MOOD : ANGRY STORMY can describe a type of bad WEATHER. In a similar way, ANGRY can describe a type of bad MOOD. SCARED is not the best answer because it does not describe a type of bad MOOD. CALM is not the best answer because it does not describe a type of bad MOOD. HAPPY is not the best answer because it does not describe a type of bad MOOD. SILLY is not the best answer because it does not describe a type of bad MOOD. • • • •

9.

HAIR : STRAND :: GRASS : BLADE An individual unit of HAIR is a STRAND. In the same way, an individual unit of GRASS is a BLADE. WEEK is not the best answer because it is not an individual unit of GRASS. LAWN is not the best answer because it is not an individual unit of GRASS. SEED is not the best answer because it is not an individual unit of GRASS. HAY is not the best answer because it is not an individual unit of GRASS. • • • •

10.

TRIP : MAP :: MEAL : RECIPE A MAP provides directions for a TRIP. In the same way, a RECIPE provides directions for a MEAL. DINNER is not the best answer because it does not provide directions for a MEAL. BEVERAGE is not the best answer because it does not provide directions for a MEAL. WAITER is not the best answer because it does not provide directions for a MEAL. INGREDIENT is not the best answer because it does not provide directions for a MEAL. • • • •

11.

SANDWICH : CONSUME :: LOG : BURN When you CONSUME a SANDWICH, it provides fuel for your body. In a similar way, when you BURN a LOG, it provides fuel for a fire. BUILD is not the best answer because to BUILD a LOG is not to provide fuel. SAW is not the best answer because to SAW a LOG is not to provide fuel. STACK is not the best answer because to STACK a LOG is not to provide fuel. SPARK is not the best answer because to SPARK a LOG is not to provide fuel. • • • •

12.

SOFA : CUSHION :: BED : MATTRESS A CUSHION is something soft and fluffy that goes on a SOFA. A MATTRESS is something soft and fluffy that goes on a BED. CANOPY is not the best answer because it is not soft and fluffy. BLANKET is not the best answer because it is not soft and fluffy (or at least not as fluffy as a MATTRESS). SHEET is not the best answer because it is not soft and fluffy. BEDSPREAD is not the best answer because it is not soft and fluffy. • • • •

13.

HUMAN : FINGERNAIL :: LION : CLAW A FINGERNAIL is the hard part at the end of a HUMAN finger. A CLAW is the hard part at the end of a LION’s paw. PAW is not the best answer because it is not the hard part at the end of a LION’s paw. FUR is not the best answer because it is not the hard part at the end of a LION’s paw. TOOTH is not the best answer because it is not the hard part at the end of a LION’s paw. MANE is not the best answer because it is not the hard part at the end of a LION’s paw. • • • •

14.

BOOK : CHAPTER :: POEM : STANZA A CHAPTER is a section of a BOOK, as a STANZA is a section of a POEM. RHYME is not the best answer because it is not a section of a POEM. LIBRARY is not the best answer because it is not a section of a POEM. ANTHOLOGY is not the best answer because it is not a section of a POEM. SONG is not the best answer because it is not a section of a POEM. • • • •

15.

FORK : RAKE :: SPOON : SHOVEL A RAKE is an outdoor tool that resembles a large FORK. In a similar way, a SHOVEL is an outdoor tool that resembles a large SPOON. KNIFE : PLATE is not the best answer because a PLATE is not an outdoor tool that resembles a large KNIFE. HOE : AXE is not the best answer because an AXE is not an outdoor tool that resembles a large HOE. HAMMER : NAIL is not the best answer because a NAIL is not an outdoor tool that resembles a large HAMMER. LAWN : LEAF is not the best answer because a LEAF is not an outdoor tool that resembles a large LAWN. • • • •

16.

ACTOR : STAGE :: QUARTERBACK : STADIUM A STAGE is a place where an ACTOR performs; a STADIUM is a place where a QUARTERBACK performs. DANCER : BALLET is not the best answer because BALLET is not the place where a DANCER performs. (DANCER : STAGE or DANCER : THEATER would fit the analogy.) COMEDIAN : AUDIENCE is not the best answer because AUDIENCE is not the place where a COMEDIAN performs. SHORTSTOP : BASEBALL is not the best answer because BASEBALL is not the place where a SHORTSTOP performs. (SHORTSTOP : DIAMOND or SHORTSTOP : BALLFIELD would fit the analogy.) SINGER : OPERA is not the best answer because OPERA is not the place where a SINGER performs. (SINGER : OPERA HOUSE would fit the analogy.) •

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17.

HEIGHT : YARDSTICK :: WEIGHT : SCALE A YARDSTICK is a tool used to measure HEIGHT. In the same way, a SCALE is a tool used to measure WEIGHT. WATER : CUP is not the best answer because a CUP is not a tool used to measure WATER. (You might argue that WATER : MEASURING CUP would fit the analogy.) MINUTE HAND : CLOCK is not the best answer because a CLOCK is not a tool used to measure a MINUTE HAND. MONTH : CALENDAR is not the best answer because a CALENDAR is not a tool used to measure a MONTH. INCH : FOOT is not the best answer because a FOOT is not a tool used to measure an INCH. •

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18.

SCREEN : INSECT :: AWNING : SUN A SCREEN prevents INSECTS from coming through a window. In a similar way, an AWNING prevents SUN from coming through a window. VEIL : FACE is not the best answer because a VEIL does not prevent a FACE from coming through a window. CURTAIN : WINDOW is not the best answer because a CURTAIN does not prevent a WINDOW from coming through a window. (CURTAIN : SUNLIGHT would fit the analogy.) POND : FROG is not the best answer because a POND does not prevent a FROG from coming through a window. FENCE : YARD is not the best answer because a FENCE does not prevent a YARD from coming through a window. • •

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19.

HUNTER : TRAP :: SPIDER : WEB A HUNTER uses a TRAP to catch prey in the same way that a SPIDER uses a WEB to catch prey. DOG : LEASH is not the best answer because a DOG does not use a LEASH to catch prey. RIVER : DAM is not the best answer because a RIVER does not use a DAM to catch prey. BEE : HIVE is not the best answer because a BEE does not use a HIVE to catch prey. CAT : MOUSE is not the best answer because a CAT does not use a MOUSE to catch prey. • • • •

20.

FLUTE : ORCHESTRA :: OAK : FOREST A FLUTE is one of many types of instruments that make up an ORCHESTRA. In a similar way, an OAK is one of many types of trees that make up a FOREST. MUSIC : SONG is not the best answer because MUSIC is not one of many types of something that make up a SONG. DRUM : RHYTHM is not the best answer because DRUM is not one of many types of something that make up a RHYTHM. CHORUS : SINGER is not the best answer because CHORUS is not one of many types of something that make up a SINGER. (SOPRANO : CHORUS would fit the analogy.) SHARK : OCEAN is not the best answer because SHARK is not one of many types of something that make up a OCEAN (i.e., OCEAN is not a group of SHARKS). • •

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21.

FLOWER : BUD :: PERSON : BABY A young FLOWER is called a BUD. In the same way, a young PERSON is called a BABY. STUDENT : TEACHER is not the best answer because a young STUDENT is not called a TEACHER. TREE : BRANCH is not the best answer because a young TREE is not called a BRANCH. (TREE : SAPLING would fit the analogy.) LAWN : BLADE is not the best answer because a young LAWN is not called a BLADE. LEAF : ACORN is not the best answer because a young LEAF is not called an ACORN. • •

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22.

SNOW : SHOVEL :: DUST : MOP A SHOVEL is a tool used to remove SNOW. In the same way, a MOP is a tool used to remove DUST. RAIN : BUCKET is not the best answer because BUCKET is not a tool used to remove RAIN. FLOUR : MEASURING CUP is not the best answer because a MEASURING CUP is not a tool used to remove FLOUR. It can be used to measure or scoop flour. GARDEN : HOE is not the best answer because a HOE is not a tool used to remove GARDEN. (WEEDS : HOE would fit the analogy better.) SAND : PAIL is not the best answer because PAIL is not a tool used to remove SAND. (SAND : SHOVEL would fit the analogy better.) • •

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23.

PORTRAIT : FRAME :: LETTER : MARGIN A FRAME goes around the borders of a PORTRAIT, as the MARGIN goes around the borders of a LETTER. SKIRT : HEM is not the best answer because a HEM only goes around the bottom of a SKIRT. WALLPAPER : WALL is not the best answer because WALLPAPER covers the WALL; it does not go around the border. ROOF : HOUSE is not the best answer because a ROOF is only on the top of a HOUSE. EASEL : PAINTING is not the best answer because an EASEL creates a resting place for a PAINTING, and does not go around the borders of a PAINTI NG. • •

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24.

PENCIL : POINT :: KNIFE : EDGE The sharp part of a PENCIL is called the POINT. In the same way, the sharp part of a KNIFE is called the EDGE. PEN : INK is not the best answer because INK is not the sharp part of a PEN. CHALK : ERASER is not the best answer because ERASER is not the sharp part of CHALK. NEEDLE : THREAD is not the best answer because THREAD is not the sharp part of NEEDLE. AXE : HANDLE is not the best answer because the HANDLE is not the sharp part of an AXE. • • • •

25.

PRISONER : CELL :: LION : CAGE A PRISONER is kept in a CELL to protect the public. In a similar way, a LION is kept in a CAGE to protect the public. HORSE : PASTURE is not the best answer because a HORSE is not kept in a PASTURE to protect the public. ROSE : FENCE is not the best answer because a ROSE is not kept in a FENCE to protect the public. WINDOW : SCREEN is not the best answer because a WINDOW is not kept in a SCREEN to protect the public. RIVER : DAM is not the best answer because a RIVER is not kept in a DAM to protect the public. • • • •

26.

BOARD : KNOTHOLE :: SHIP : PORTHOLE A KNOTHOLE is an opening in a BOARD, as a PORTHOLE is an opening in a SHIP. TREE : BRANCH is not the best answer because a BRANCH is not an opening in a TREE. GARDEN : WEED is not the best answer because a WEED is not an opening in a GARDEN. LOCK : KEY is not the best answer because a KEY is not an opening in a LOCK. BOW : STRING is not the best answer because a STRING is not an opening in a BOW. • • • •

27.

PHOTOGRAPHER : CAMERA :: SCIENTIST : MICROSCOPE A PHOTOGRAPHER looks through a lens in a CAMERA, while a SCIENTIST looks through a lens in a MICROSCOPE. DOCTOR : STETHOSCOPE is not the best answer because a STETHOSCOPE does not have a lens. CARPENTER : HAMMER is not the best answer because a HAMMER does not have a lens. SCULPTOR : CLAY is not the best answer because CLAY does not have a lens. MUSICIAN : OBOE is not the best answer because an OBOE does not have a lens. • • • •

28.

REPTILE : SNAKE :: INSECT : DRAGONFLY This is a category : type   analogy. A SNAKE is a type of REPTILE, as a DRAGONFLY is a type of INSECT. DOG : PET is not the best answer because a PET is not a type of DOG. (PET : DOG would fit the analogy.) TREE : SQUIRREL is not the best answer because a SQUIRREL is not a type of TREE. POND : FROG is not the best answer because a FROG is not a type of POND. TYRANNOSAURUS : DINOSAUR is not the best answer because a DINOSAUR is not a type of TYRANNOSAURUS. (DINOSAUR : TYRANNOSAURUS could fit the analogy.) ! ! ! !

29.

SAILBOAT : HARBOR :: CAR : PARKING LOT When a SAILBOAT reaches its destination, it may moor (or park) in a HARBOR. In similar way, when a CAR reaches its destination, it may park in a PARKING LOT. HORSE : BARN is not the best answer because a HORSE lives in a BARN. (HORSE : HITCHING POST would fit the analogy better.) BICYCLE : RACK could fit the analogy because you can park your BICYCLE in a RACK when you reach your destination. However, CAR : PARKING LOT is a better  answer because it is of a more similar scale to SAILBOAT : HARBOR than is BICYCLE : RACK (e.g. there are usually relatively few BICYCLES that can fit in a bike RACK.) CANOE : PADDLE is not the best answer because you do not park your CANOE in a PADDLE. OCEANLINER : ATLANTIC is not the best answer because ATLANTIC is not where an OCEANLINER might park. !

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30.

ANKLE : KNEE :: WRIST : ELBOW ANKLE and KNEE are both joints of the leg, and the KNEE is above the ANKLE. Similarly, WRIST and ELBOW are both joints of the arm, and the ELBOW is above the WRIST. SHOULDER : HIP is not the best answer because SHOULDER is an arm joint and HIP is a leg joint. SOCKS : PANTS is not the best answer because SOCKS and PANTS are not joints. BRACELET : NECKLACE is not the best answer because BRACELET and NECKLACE are not joints. TOE : THUMB is not the best answer because TOE and THUMB are not joints. • • •

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