Analisis Cuantitativo de Fibras Textiles

   

W`cvgrschkh `kncb`ke hge ketpek`b

Iknuetkh hg c`og`cgrák quáacnk

Keua`b4 ec`krgs Akak`c ^k`hrb akrm dfb`sb`

Hbng`g4 ^WZB [WC^ZG EWC^ KELG\XB 

Xrklkdb hg K`ëecscs nuk`tkvb hg ilrks tgxegs

   

 K`ëecscs nuk`tktvb hg ilrks gxtegs Nuk`hb khgaës hg keekr ge pb hg ilrk fky qug kvgrcoukr g` qug pbrng`tkdg gstk prgsg`tg g` ek augstrk pbr gdgapeb 7:% pbecãstgr y 7:% keobhb` K`tgs hg kpecnkr ebs aãtbhbs hg nuk`inkncþ`, hglgrë` fklgrsg chg`inkhb tbhks eks ilrks prgsg`tgs g` ek augstrk rghunchk hg eklbrktbrcb (nb` u`k aksk `b supgrcbr k ;:: o). Gstk pksk pbr u` prgtrktkacg`tb nb` ge i` hg gecac`kr ek aktgrck `b ilrbsk (kngctgs, orksks y ngrks), gxngptb ge nbebrk`tg prgsg`tg g` ebs tgdchbs tgûchbs, yk qug sg nb`schgrk pkrtg c`tgorke hg ek ilrk. Zkrk geeb, hglgrë` tg`grsg g` nug`tk ge aktgrcke k trktkr pkrk ek gegnncþ` hge hcsbevg`tg g` ge prgtrktkacg`tb. Gstg prgtrktkacg`tb `brakeag`tg sg rgkeczk g` u` ^bxfegt nb` ãtgr hg pgtrþegb hurk`tg ; f y u`k vgebnchkh aá`cak hg 9 ncnebs/f, sgouchb hg hbs ekvkhbs g` kouk rák nb` u`k rgekncþ` lkûb/augstrk hg ;::/;. Ge gxngsb hg kouk sg rgrk aghck`tg vknáb b ng`trcuokhb y ge sgnkhb sg rgkeczk g` u` fbr`b hurk`tg 8 „ 9 f, k u`k tgapgrkturk kprbxcakhk hg ;:7 ´N. Zbr ôeab, hg ek augstrk rghunchk hge eklbrktbrcb sg sgegnncb`k` eks augstrks hg k`ëecscs, nkhk u`k hg ke ag`bs ; o. Ge aãtbhb hg k`ëecscs nuk`tkvb sg lksk g` hbs prbngsbs lëscnbs4 sgpkrkncþ` ak`uke y sgpkrkncþ` quáacnk hg ilrks, ek prcagrk sg kpecnk scgaprg qug sgk pbscleg, yk qug sugeg brgngr rgsuetkhbs aës prgncsbs. ^g sugeg ueczkr, g` og`grke, pkrk ilrks g` ek nuke sus nbapb`g`tgs `b brag` u`k agznek á`ak y sgk ënce su sgpkrkncþ`. Khgaës, hcnfbs k`ëecscs sg ggntôk` sblrg ek lksg hg ek aksk sgnk. Ebs aãtbhbs nb`schgrkhbs g` gstg XIO sg lksk` g` ek hcsbeuncþ` sgegnvk hg ebs nbapb`g`tgs c`hcvchukegs. K`tgs hg kpecnkr ge aãtbhb, ek augstrk hg ; o sg nbrtk g` rks hg ;: aa, sg sgnk du`tb k su nbrrgspb`hcg`tg pgsksustk`ncks nb` ek tkpk klcgrtk, sg g`rák g` u` hgsgnkhbr nb` ek tkpk ngrrkhk y sg pgsk. K nb``ukncþ`, ek augstrk sg c`trbhung g` ge rgncpcg`tg khgnukhb pkrk ek kpecnkncþ` hge aãtbhb, sg vugevg k pgskr ge pgsksustk`nckss y pbr hcgrg`nck bltg`gabs ek aksk sgnk hg ek augstrk. Xrks ek pgsksustk`nck gecac`kncþ` hg ebs nbapb`g`tgs sbeulegs, sg pgsk ge rgschub c`sbeuleg y sg nkenuek ge pbrng`tkdg hg aktgrck sbeuleg k pkrr hg ek pãrhchk hg aksk Nbab sg c`hcnklk k`tgs, ebs prbhuntbs tgxegs pughg` nb`tg`gr rgsc`ks u btrks aktgrcks kûkhchks pkrk nb`grcregs prbpcghkhgs gspgnckegs qug pughg` c`tgrgrcr nb` ek knncþ` hge rgknvb sblrg ge nbapb`g`tg sbeuleg b sgr pkrncke b tbtkeag`tg sbeulceczkhks pbr ge rgknvb. Zbr eb tk`tb, gstk aktgrck pughg nb`huncr k grrbr y hglgrë` sgr gecac`khbs k`tgs hge k`ëecscs. G` nksb hg `b sgr pbscleg ek gecac`kncþ` hg hcnfk aktgrck, `b sg pbhrë` kpecnkr ebs e bs aãtbhbs hg k`ëecscs quáacnb nuk`tkvb. Xkalcã` fky qug tbakr g` nug`tk, qug, g` keou`bs aãtbhbs, ge nbapb`g`tg supugstkag`tg c`sbeuleg hg u`k agznek pbhrë hcsbevgrsg pkrnckeag`tg g` ge rgknvb ueczkhb. Zbr tk`tb, g` ek aghchk hg eb pbscleg sg ueczkrë` rgknvbs nuyb ggntb g` eks ilrks c`sbeulegs sgk `ueb. ^c sg sklg qug hurk`tg ge k`ëecscs sg prbhung u`k pãrhchk hg

 

aksk, gsg grrbr sg pbhrë ac`caczkr aghck`tg ebs kntbrgs hg nbrrgnncþ`, qug sg fk` hgtgrac`khb g` hcvgrsbs eklbrktbrcbs trktk`hb eks ilrks hgpurkhks `b hgorkhkhks aghck`tg prgtrktkacg`tb nb` ge rgknvb gspgncinkhb g` ge aãtbhb hg k`ëecscs. ^c ek ilrk ugsg hgorkhkhk sg kpecnkrák btrb kntbr hg nbrrgnncþ` Aãbhb hg ek kngb`k

K pkrr hg u`k aksk nb`bnchk hg ek agznek sgnk, ge kngtktb sg hcsugevg nb` kngtb`k. Ge rgschub sg rgnbog, sg ekvk, sg sgnk y sg pgsk. ^u aksk nbrrgochk, sc ugsg `gngskrcb, sg gxprgsk g` pbrng`tkdg hg aksk hg ek agznek sgnk. Ge pbrng`tkdg hg kngtktb sgnb sg blg`g pbr hcgrg`nck. Gstg aãtbhb gs kpecnkleg k eks agzneks lc`krcks hg ilrks hg kngtktb nb`4 ek`k, pgeb hg k`cakegs, sghk, keobhþ`, ec`b, nëûkab, yutg, klknë, gspkrtb, nbnb, rgtkak, rkacb, scske, nuprb, abhke, prbtgá`cnk, vcsnbsk, knráecnb, pbeckachk b `kceb`, pbecãstgr, pbecprbpceg`b, gekstbaueãstgr, gekstbegi`k, agekac`k, lcnbapb`g`tg pbecprbpceg`b/pbeckachk y pbecknrcektb. @b gs kpecnkleg k ilrks hg kngtktb qug fkyk` schb hgskngekhks g` supgrincg Aãbhb hge fcpbnebrcb

Ek ilrk prbtgá`cnk sg hcsugevg g` u`k sbeuncþ` hg fcpbnebrctb k pkrr hg u`k aksk sgnk nb`bnchk hg ek agznek. Ge rgschub sg rgnbog, sg ekvk, sg sgnk y sg pgsk, y su aksk, nbrrgochk sc ugsg `gngskrcb, sg gxprgsk g` pbrng`tkdg hg ek aksk sgnk hg ek agznek. Ge pbrng`tkdg hg ilrk prbtgá`cnk sgnk sg blg`g pbr hcgrg`nck ^g pughg ueczkr tk`tb fcpbnebrctb hg ecb nbab fcpbnebrctb hg sbhcb, ku`qug gs rgnbag`hkleg ueczkr fcpbnebrctb hg ecb pkrk u` `ôagrb rghunchb hg k`ëecscs b nuk`hb ge c`tgrvkeb g`trg k`ëecscs gs ekrob, yk qug su nb`ng`trkncþ` gs prënnkag`tg nb`stk`tg y `b sgrë `gngskrcb vgrcinkr su pbrng`tkdg Gstg aãtbhb gs kpecnkleg k eks agzneks lc`krcks hg ilrks prbtgá`cnks c`hcvchukegs (ek`k, pgeb hg k`cakegs, sghk y prbtgá`cnk) nb` keobhþ`, nuprb, vcsnbsk, knráecnb, nebrbilrks, pbeckachk b `kyeb`, pbecãstgr, pbecprbpceg`b, gekstk`b, ilrk hg vchrcb, gekstbaueãstgr, gekstbegi`k, agekac`k y lcnbapb`g`tgs pbecprbpceg`b/pbeckachk. pbecprbpceg`b/pbeckachk. Aãbhb hge ënchb þracnb

^g hcsugevg ek pbeckachk nb` ënchb þracnb ke 6: % k pkrr hg u`k nk`hkh nb`bnchk hg aksk sgnk hg ek agznek. Ge rgschub sg rgnbog, sg ekvk, sg sgnk y sg pgsk. ^u aksk nbrrgochk sc gs `gngskrcb sg gxprgsk nbab pbrng`tkdg hg aksk sgnk hg ek agznek. Ge pbrng`tkdg hg ilrk hg pbeckachk sg blg`g pbr hcgrg`nck. Gstg aãtbhb gs kpecnkleg k eks agzneks lc`krcks hg ilrks hg pbeckachk nb`4 keobhþ`, vcsnbsk, nuprb, abhke, eynbngee, pbecãstgr, pbecprbpceg`b, nebrbilrk, knráecnk, ilrk hg

 

vchrcb, gekstbaueãstgr, gekstbegi`k, agekac`k y ek`k (sc su nb`tg`chb `b supgrk ge