AN304XSTUDHINT

V8.0

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Power Systems for AIX Virtualization I: Implementing Virtualization (Course code AN30)

Student Exercises with hints ERC 4.0

Student Exercises with hints

Trademarks IBM, the IBM logo, and ibm.com are trademarks or registered trademarks of International Business Machines Corp., registered in many jurisdictions worldwide. The following are trademarks of International Business Machines Corporation, registered in many jurisdictions worldwide: Active Memory™ BladeCenter® DS8000® Enterprise Storage Server® HACMP™ i5/OS™ POWER Hypervisor™ Power® PowerVM® POWER7® SystemMirror®

AIX 6™ DS4000® Electronic Service Agent™ Express® IBM Systems Director Active Energy Manager™ Notes® Power Systems™ PowerHA® POWER6® pSeries® Tivoli®

AIX® DS6000™ EnergyScale™ Focal Point™ Initiate® Passport Advantage® Power Systems Software™ PowerPC® POWER7+™ Redbooks®

Linux is a registered trademark of Linus Torvalds in the United States, other countries, or both. Windows and Windows NT are trademarks of Microsoft Corporation in the United States, other countries, or both. UNIX is a registered trademark of The Open Group in the United States and other countries. Java™ and all Java-based trademarks and logos are trademarks or registered trademarks of Oracle and/or its affiliates. Other product and service names might be trademarks of IBM or other companies.

March 2013 edition The information contained in this document has not been submitted to any formal IBM test and is distributed on an “as is” basis without any warranty either express or implied. The use of this information or the implementation of any of these techniques is a customer responsibility and depends on the customer’s ability to evaluate and integrate them into the customer’s operational environment. While each item may have been reviewed by IBM for accuracy in a specific situation, there is no guarantee that the same or similar results will result elsewhere. Customers attempting to adapt these techniques to their own environments do so at their own risk.

© Copyright International Business Machines Corporation 2009, 2013. This document may not be reproduced in whole or in part without the prior written permission of IBM. Note to U.S. Government Users — Documentation related to restricted rights — Use, duplication or disclosure is subject to restrictions set forth in GSA ADP Schedule Contract with IBM Corp.

V8.0 Student Exercises with hints

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Contents Trademarks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . v Exercises description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii Exercise 1. Power Systems documentation overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1 Exercise 2. Processor virtualization configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1 Exercise 3. Integrated Virtual Ethernet configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1 Exercise 4. Virtual Ethernet adapter configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1 Part 1: Configuring a virtual Ethernet connection (simple configuration) . . . . . . . . 4-2 Part 2: Configuring additional VLANs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-10 Exercise 5. Virtual I/O Server and client partition configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-1 Exercise 6. SEA failover setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-1 Part 1: Setting the virtual Ethernet adapters and trunk priority . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-5 Part 2: Create the SEA failover feature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-12 Part 3: Testing the SEA failover . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-19 Part 4: (Optional) Setting the VIO server IP address on an additional virtual Ethernet adapter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-22 Exercise 7. Dual VIO server configuration with MPIO in the client partition . . . . . 7-1 Part 1: Create the VSCSI client and server adapters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-5 Part 2: Create the virtual target device . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-8 Part 3: MPIO failover tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-10 Part 4: (Optional) Working with MPIO paths' priority . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-15 Exercise 8. Virtual Fibre Channel adapter configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-1 Exercise 9. Manage service events . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-1 Part 1: Service Tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-2 Part 2: SFP: Check and close events . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-8 Exercise 10. PowerVM system maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Part 1: Update the Virtual I/O Server software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Part 2: Using viosbr to backup the virtual and logical configuration . . . . . . . . . . . Part 3: Using cron to schedule tasks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

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Exercise 11. (Optional) File-backed virtual disk and virtual media repository configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-1 Part 1: Create a file-backed virtual disk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-2 Part 2: Create a virtual media repository and a blank virtual DVD-RAM . . . . . . . 11-7

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Part 3: Backup/restore your client LPAR OS to the virtual optical media device . 11-8

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V8.0 Student Exercises with hints

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Trademarks The reader should recognize that the following terms, which appear in the content of this training document, are official trademarks of IBM or other companies: IBM, the IBM logo, and ibm.com are trademarks or registered trademarks of International Business Machines Corp., registered in many jurisdictions worldwide. The following are trademarks of International Business Machines Corporation, registered in many jurisdictions worldwide: Active Memory™ BladeCenter® DS8000® Enterprise Storage Server® HACMP™ i5/OS™ POWER Hypervisor™ Power® PowerVM® POWER7® SystemMirror®

AIX 6™ DS4000® Electronic Service Agent™ Express® IBM Systems Director Active Energy Manager™ Power Systems™ PowerHA® POWER6® pSeries® Tivoli®

AIX® DS6000™ EnergyScale™ Focal Point™

Passport Advantage® Power Systems Software™ PowerPC® POWER7+™ Redbooks®

Linux is a registered trademark of Linus Torvalds in the United States, other countries, or both. Windows and Windows NT are trademarks of Microsoft Corporation in the United States, other countries, or both. UNIX is a registered trademark of The Open Group in the United States and other countries. Java™ and all Java-based trademarks and logos are trademarks or registered trademarks of Oracle and/or its affiliates. Other product and service names might be trademarks of IBM or other companies.

© Copyright IBM Corp. 2009, 2013 Course materials may not be reproduced in whole or in part without the prior written permission of IBM.

Trademarks

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Student Exercises with hints

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V7.0.2 Student Exercises with hints

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Exercises description Exercise instructions: This section describes what you should accomplish. There are no definitive details regarding how to perform the tasks. You are given the opportunity to work through the exercise given what you learned in the unit presentation.

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Exercises description

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V7.0.2 Student Exercises with hints

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Exercise 1. Power Systems documentation overview (with hints)

What this exercise is about In this exercise, students find the key documentation that supports the objectives of this course.

What you should be able to do At the end of this exercise, you should be able to: • Access the documentation for IBM POWER6 and POWER7 processor-based servers and partitioning

Introduction In this exercise, you will find the key pieces of documentation that cover the configuration of LPARs on IBM POWER6 and POWER7 processor-based servers.

Requirements • This workbook. • A student workstation with IP connectivity to the Internet and equipped with a web browser.

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Exercise 1. Power Systems documentation overview

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Student Exercises with hints

Exercise instructions with hints Preface • All exercises depend on the availability of specific equipment in your classroom. You will need a computer system configured with a network connection that can access an HMC and the corresponding system and LPARs. • The web page URLs in this exercise were correct when this course was written. By nature, web pages tend to change over time; therefore, ask your instructor if you have trouble navigating the websites.

Access IBM Systems hardware and AIX documentation In this exercise, you discover the documentation to support the managed systems and LPARs. You can refer to this documentation as you work through the rest of the exercises in this course. This exercise requires Internet access. Some web addresses or names are subject to modification. If a link does not work exactly as described or has been changed, notify your instructor.

Hardware information and support __ 1. Go to http://www.ibm.com. Click the Products tab, then click Systems > Power Systems (AIX, IBM i, Linux) in the context menu and explore this page. This page contains information about the current POWER processor-based models. A large number of links, useful documents, and detailed information are available. Depending on your interest, click the different links and explore the information that is available. __ 2. Go to http://www.ibm.com. Click the Support and downloads tab, follow the context menu, click Support by products, and then go to Servers & Systems. This will take you to the Support for IBM Systems page. From the Select product or service type for support list, select Power. Select a Power System model from the Hardware drop-down list, and click Go. Explore the page, follow the different links in the Configuration, Documentation, Diagnostic, and Problem resolution menus. __ 3. Use the following web address to access the IBM Systems Information Center: http://publib.boulder.ibm.com/eserver. This page is the entry point for hardware as well as software information. Click the IBM Systems Hardware Information Center link. When you are in the main IBM Systems Hardware Information Center, use the search option on the left side of the screen to find the topics related to the following phrases: • Logical partition overview • Partitioning with the HMC 1-2

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__ 4. Go to the AIX Information Center. Use the following URL: http://publib.boulder.ibm.com/eserver Click AIX Information Center link and, if the next page provides choices, select the AIX 7.1 link. When you are at the resulting IBM Systems Information Center page, select AIX PDFs. This topic contains links to PDF versions of the AIX documentation. __ 5. Go to the Power Systems Software website and see what is available: http://www.ibm.com/systems/power/software. Click the PowerVM Virtualization without limits link. Navigate the page and the different tabs. __ 6. Find Linux information for POWER6 and POWER7 processor-based servers by visiting this site: http://www.ibm.com/systems/power/software/linux __ 7. Let your instructor know you have completed the exercise.

End of exercise

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Exercise 1. Power Systems documentation overview

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Exercise 2. Processor virtualization configuration (with hints)

What this exercise is about This exercise covers configuring shared processor partitions and the advanced processor options. Students use the lparstat command to see configuration information and statistics specific to micro-partitions.

What you should be able to do At the end of this exercise, you should be able to: • Configure a micro-partition with shared processor options • Configure virtual processors • Enable and disable SMT on AIX • Configure capped and uncapped partitions • View processor-related configuration and statistics with the lparstat command

Introduction In this exercise, you will configure the advanced processor options for AIX partitions and use tools to view processor-related configuration and performance information.

Requirements • This workbook. • A computer with a web browser and a network connection to an HMC running Version 7 configured to support a POWER7 processor-based system. • Utility for running Telnet or SSH.

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Exercise 2. Processor virtualization configuration

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Student Exercises with hints

Exercise instructions with hints Preface • All exercises in this unit depend on the availability of specific equipment. You will need a computer system connected to the World Wide Web, a web browser, a Telnet program, and a utility for running SSH. You will also need a managed system capable of running shared processor partitions. All lab systems need to be accessible to each other on a network. • All hints are marked by a » sign. • The hints in this exercise reflect results obtained on a Power System Model 750 with sixteen 3.0 GHz processors and a partition running AIX V7.1 Technology Level 1 SP 3. Your system's specific results might differ, but the overall conclusions should be true for your system.

View system configuration and configure processor options __ 1. Using Telnet, log in to your assigned LPAR and run the lparstat command. What is the current configuration of your partition for the following settings? Type of processors: ____________________ Processor mode: ____________________ SMT: ____________________ Number of logical CPUs: ____________________ » Here is an example lparstat command and its output: # lparstat System configuration: type=Dedicated mode=Donating smt=4 lcpu=4 mem=2048MB %user %sys %wait %idle physc vcsw ----- ----- ------ ------ ----- ----0.0 0.4 0.0 99.6 0.25 106895367 » Based on the above output, the answers to the above questions are: Type of processors: Dedicated Processor mode: Donating SMT: 4 Number of logical CPUs: 4 __ 2. Shut down your assigned LPAR. You do not need to wait for it to shut down to continue to the next step. » In the Telnet window to your partition, issue the shutdown -F command. 2-2

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V7.0.2 Student Exercises with hints

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__ 3. Using your web browser, connect to your assigned HMC. Log in by typing hscroot. __ 4. In this step, you will alter the Normal partition profile for your partition. __ a. Open the Normal profile properties window for your partition. » Go to the Systems Management application on the HMC. Expand the Servers information, and then show the partition table view for your server. » Select the partition by checking the check box in the Select column. » Choose the Configuration > Manage Profiles task from the Tasks menu or from the tasks pad. In the pop-up window, check the profile name (Normal), and choose Edit from the Actions menu. __ b. Change the profile to use shared processors. Configure the processing units to be 0.1 minimum, 0.6 desired, and 1.0 maximum. Leave the properties window open for a few more steps until you have finished configuring the profile. » Click the Processors tab in the Logical Partition Profile Properties window that pops up. » In the Processing mode box, select the Shared radio button. » In the Processing units box, enter 0.1 for the minimum, 0.6 for the desired, and 1.0 for the maximum parameters. » Do not click the OK button yet. __ c. Change both the virtual processor minimum setting and the virtual processor desired setting to 1. (One or both of these values may already be set to 1.) Set the virtual processor maximum setting to the maximum allowed for the maximum number of processing units configured in your partition. Do not click the OK button yet. » On the same Processors tab you used in the last step, enter a 1 in the Minimum virtual processors field, enter a 1 in the Desired virtual processors field, and enter a 10 in the Maximum virtual processors field. » On POWER7 hardware, the maximum number of virtual processors allowed is 10 times the value entered for maximum processing units. __ d. Set the sharing mode to uncapped by clicking the Uncapped check box, and set the weight to 100. Click the OK button. » On the same Processors tab you used in the last step, click the Uncapped check box and enter the value of 100 in the Weight box.

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Exercise 2. Processor virtualization configuration

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» The Processors tab should now look like the example below.

__ 5. Activate your partition with the newly modified Normal profile. » Your logical partition might still be selected from the last operation. If it is not, click the check box in the Select column to select it. » To activate the partition, access the Operations menu and choose the Activate task. » On the screen that pops up, the Normal profile should already be highlighted. Click the Open a terminal window or console session check box, and then click OK. __ 6. When your partition has finished booting, log in and use the lparstat command to check the configuration. » Log in to your partition and run the lparstat command. The output should reflect the changes you made in the partition profile.

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» Here is an example lparstat command and its output that shows the new settings. # lparstat System configuration: type=Shared mode=Uncapped smt=4 lcpu=4 mem=2048MB psize=16 ent=0.60 %user %sys %wait %idle physc %entc lbusy vcsw phint ----- ----- ------ ------ ----- ----- ------ ----- ----0.0 0.0 1.6 98.4 0.00 0.0 12.8 63060 4 __ 7. Log in to the HMC command line using SSH and use the lshwres command to view the processor settings for the partition. Notice the new processor settings. » The command syntax follows. Replace MSname with the actual managed system name and lparname with the actual LPAR name. lshwres -r proc -m MSname --filter "lpar_names=lparname" --level lpar » Here is an example command and its output for the managed system named sys464 and a partition named sys464_partition1: hscroot@sys194-hmc:~> lshwres -r proc -m sys464 --filter \ "lpar_names=sys464_partition1" --level lpar lpar_name=sys464_partition1,lpar_id=1,curr_shared_proc_pool_id=0,curr _shared_proc_pool_name=DefaultPool,curr_proc_mode=shared,curr_min_pro c_units=0.1,curr_proc_units=0.6,curr_max_proc_units=1.0,curr_min_proc s=1,curr_procs=1,curr_max_procs=1,curr_sharing_mode=uncap,curr_uncap _weight=100,pend_shared_proc_pool_id=0,pend_shared_proc_pool_name=D efaultPool,pend_proc_mode=shared,pend_min_proc_units=0.1,pend_proc_ units=0.6,pend_max_proc_units=1.0,pend_min_procs=1,pend_procs=1,pen d_max_procs=10,pend_sharing_mode=uncap,pend_uncap_weight=100,run_pro c_units=0.6,run_procs=1,run_uncap_weight=100 __ 8. From the console window or from a Telnet session to your logical partition, use the lparstat AIX command with the -i option and view the information available. Use the man page for lparstat if you have questions about the output of this command. » The output of the AIX lparstat -i command shows the processor and memory resources settings for your partition.

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Exercise 2. Processor virtualization configuration

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Student Exercises with hints

» Example lparstat -i output: Node Name : sys464_partition1 Partition Name : sys464_partition1 Partition Number : 1 Type : Shared-SMT-4 Mode : Uncapped Entitled Capacity : 0.60 Partition Group-ID : 32769 Shared Pool ID : 0 Online Virtual CPUs : 1 Maximum Virtual CPUs : 10 Minimum Virtual CPUs : 1 Online Memory : 2048 MB Maximum Memory : 4096 MB Minimum Memory : 1024 MB Variable Capacity Weight : 100 Minimum Capacity : 0.10 Maximum Capacity : 1.00 Capacity Increment : 0.01 Maximum Physical CPUs in system : 16 Active Physical CPUs in system : 16 Active CPUs in Pool : 16 Shared Physical CPUs in system : 16 Maximum Capacity of Pool : 1600 Entitled Capacity of Pool : 60 Unallocated Capacity : 0.00 Physical CPU Percentage : 60.00% Unallocated Weight : 0 Memory Mode : Dedicated Total I/O Memory Entitlement : Variable Memory Capacity Weight : Memory Pool ID : Physical Memory in the Pool : Hypervisor Page Size : Unallocated Variable Memory Capacity Weight: Unallocated I/O Memory entitlement : Memory Group ID of LPAR : Desired Virtual CPUs : 1 Desired Memory : 2048 MB Desired Variable Capacity Weight : 100 Desired Capacity : 0.60 Target Memory Expansion Factor : Target Memory Expansion Size : Power Saving Mode : Disabled

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V7.0.2 Student Exercises with hints

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__ 9. Run the lparstat command with an interval of 1 and count of 4. Notice the fields that are displayed. Without the interval and count arguments, the statistics shown are from the last boot. » Example lparstat output: # lparstat 1 4 System configuration: type=Shared mode=Uncapped smt=4 lcpu=4 mem=2048MB psize=16 ent=0.60 %user %sys %wait %idle physc %entc lbusy vcsw phint ----- ----- ------ ------ ----- ----- ------ ----- ----0.1 0.8 0.0 99.1 0.01 1.8 0.5 332 0 0.0 0.6 0.0 99.4 0.01 1.3 0.0 312 0 0.0 0.8 0.0 99.2 0.01 1.6 0.0 278 0 0.0 0.6 0.0 99.4 0.01 1.1 0.0 221 0 __ 10. What is the available shared processing pool statistic that might or might not display in the lparstat output? If it does not display in the lparstat output on your system, configure it so that it does. How do you do this? Once you reconfigure the partition, run lparstat again to make sure the statistic displays in the output. » The statistic is app. It is not visible in the lparstat output shown in the hints for the previous step. » To configure the partition to show this app statistic, go to the HMC Systems Management application and back to the LPAR table view. Select your partition and choose Properties on the Tasks menu or from the Tasks pad. Click the

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Exercise 2. Processor virtualization configuration

Course materials may not be reproduced in whole or in part without the prior written permission of IBM.

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Student Exercises with hints

Hardware tab. Click the Processors tab. Click the Allow performance information collection check box, as shown in this example:

» Click OK. » Run lparstat again in your partition. You should see a new app field, which is the amount of available (that is, free) shared processing units in the shared processor pool. If the app statistic does not appear in the lparstat output, make sure you enabled it correctly. If you confirm that you enabled it correctly and it still does not appear, shut down your partition and reactivate it. » Here is an example lparstat output with this app field: # lparstat 1 4 System configuration: type=Shared mode=Uncapped smt=4 lcpu=4 mem=2048MB psize=16 ent=0.60 %user %sys %wait %idle physc %entc lbusy app vcsw phint ----- ----- ------ ------ ----- ----- -------- ----- ----0.1 0.8 0.0 99.2 0.01 1.6 0.0 15.00 234 0 0.0 0.6 0.0 99.4 0.01 1.3 0.0 14.23 279 0 0.0 0.6 0.0 99.4 0.01 1.2 2.4 14.99 220 0 0.0 0.6 0.0 99.4 0.01 1.1 0.0 15.18 226 0 __ 11. Disable simultaneous multi-threading (SMT); then run the lsdev -c processor command to list the virtual processors. You should see the output like this: # lsdev -c processor proc0 Available 00-00 Processor

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V7.0.2 Student Exercises with hints

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The output shown above lists one available processor called proc0. Your LPAR has 0.60 processing units. Can you explain what this output of the lsdev command means? » To disable simultaneous multi-threading, use the smtctl -m off command. » The lsdev command lists the processors that the operating system sees. When a partition is using dedicated processors, lsdev shows physical processors. When a partition is using shared processors, lsdev shows virtual processors (that is, the number of physical processors the partition thinks it has). Since your partition is now running with shared processors and has only one virtual processor, the lsdev -c processor command will report one available processor. » Also, observe the logical processors (lcpu) using the lparstat command. There should be only 1 lcpu per virtual processor when SMT is disabled: # lparstat System configuration: type=Shared mode=Uncapped smt=Off lcpu=1 mem=2048MB psize=16 ent=0.60 __ 12. Enable 2-way and 4-way simultaneous multi-threading, and run the lsdev -c processor command again. Is the output different? Why or why not? » The lsdev command output is the same because this is a shared processor partition and it lists virtual processors (not logical processors). __ 13. Run the lparstat command to list the logical processors. Observe the 2-way and 4-way simultaneous multi-threading (SMT) supported by POWER7. » POWER7 supports 2-way and 4-way SMT. To enable 2-way SMT, use the smtctl -t 2 command. Observe the logical processor (lpcu) count using the lparstat command: # lparstat System configuration: type=Shared mode=Uncapped smt=On lcpu=2 mem=2048MB psize=16 ent=0.60 » To enable 4-way SMT, use either the smtctl -m on command or the smtctl -t 4 command. Again, observe the lparstat output: # lparstat System configuration: type=Shared mode=Uncapped smt=4 lcpu=4 mem=2048MB psize=16 ent=0.60 __ 14. Dynamically add two more virtual processors. Run the lsdev -c processor command again. What does the output show? » To dynamically add two more virtual processors, go to the Systems Management application on the HMC. In the LPAR table view, select the partition and choose Dynamic Logical Partitioning > Processor > Add or Remove on the menu.

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Exercise 2. Processor virtualization configuration

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Student Exercises with hints

» In the window that opens, enter 3 in the Virtual processors box in the Assigned column. Click OK. » Go back to your partition's terminal window, and run lsdev -c processor again. The output should look similar to this: # lsdev -c processor proc0 Available 00-00 Processor proc4 Available 00-04 Processor proc8 Available 00-08 Processor » Now AIX sees three processors. These are the virtual processors. __ 15. Run the lparstat command again with no options. How many logical processors are in the partition? » The lparstat command will show twelve logical processors (lcpu=12) because there are three virtual processors configured in the partition and simultaneous multi-threading 4 is enabled. There are four logical processors for each virtual processor. We know that simultaneous multi-threading is enabled because the lparstat command shows smt=4 in the configuration line at the top. # lparstat System configuration: type=Shared mode=Uncapped smt=4 lcpu=12 mem=2048MB psize=16 ent=0.60 %user %sys %wait %idle physc %entc lbusy app vcsw phint ----- ----- ------ ------ ----- ----- -------- ----- ----0.0 0.0 0.1 99.9 0.00 0.0 0.9 13.69 465840 5

Overviewing shared processor utilization __ 16. Open a Telnet session to your LPAR, and run the following command to put a processing load on the system: yes | sum & You can minimize this window. Leave this command running for the rest of the exercise. __ 17. Open a second Telnet session or a console window for your partition. Run the following command: lparstat 1 4 Look at the %entc and physc columns value. What do you notice?

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V7.0.2 Student Exercises with hints

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» Example command and output: # lparstat 1 4 System configuration: type=Shared mode=Uncapped smt=4 lcpu=12 mem=2048MB psize=16 ent=0.60 %user %sys %wait %idle physc %entc lbusy app vcsw phint ----- ----- ------ ------ ----- ----- -------- ----- ----57.2 2.8 0.0 39.9 1.34 224.1 16.6 13.45 13744 0 57.3 2.7 0.0 39.9 1.34 223.7 16.5 14.56 13624 0 57.3 2.7 0.0 40.0 1.34 224.1 15.8 13.74 13740 0 57.3 2.7 0.0 40.0 1.34 223.9 15.4 11.70 13678 0 » Some things to notice include: • This is an uncapped partition because the total %entc exceeds 100%. The %entc value is above 220% of the LPAR capacity entitlement of 0.6. • The physc value is approximately 1.34 and corresponds to the physical CPU capacity consumed by your LPAR. When you are using 1.34 physc with a configured entitled capacity of 0.6, it is correct to see the %entc at approximately 224%. __ 18. From the output of lparstat 1 4, what is the capacity of the shared processor pool? Also, are there any excess cycles available? How could you answer this question? » The psize value displayed in the initial configuration line of the output indicates the number of processors in the shared pool. As an alternative, you can look at this line in the lparstat -i output: Active CPUs in Pool

: 16

» To find out if there are available cycles in the pool, you can run lparstat 1 4 and look at the value in the app column to see if there is any available shared processor pool capacity. Here is an example command and its output: # lparstat 1 4 System configuration: type=Shared mode=Uncapped smt=4 lcpu=12 mem=2048MB psize=16 ent=0.60 %user %sys %wait %idle physc %entc lbusy app vcsw phint ----- ----- ------ ------ ----- ----- -------- ----- ----57.2 2.8 0.0 40.0 1.34 222.5 16.2 13.28 13521 0 57.1 3.0 0.0 39.9 1.34 223.8 3.6 13.17 2252 0 57.3 2.8 0.0 39.9 1.34 223.7 16.6 13.17 13680 0 57.6 2.8 0.0 39.6 1.34 223.6 17.1 13.81 13707 0

© Copyright IBM Corp. 2009, 2013

Exercise 2. Processor virtualization configuration

Course materials may not be reproduced in whole or in part without the prior written permission of IBM.

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Student Exercises with hints

» In the lparstat with an interval output, we see that app is not zero. The available (unused) capacity in the shared processor pool depends on the consumption of all the configured LPARs using the shared processor pool on your system. Depending on what activity is running on the other LPARs, the app column value can be different from the example. » In this example, the app column value shows that approximately 13 processor units are available in the shared processor pool. __ 19. From the HMC Systems Management application, dynamically change the virtual processor setting back to one. Run the lparstat 1 4 command again. What do you notice? Can you explain the physc value? » Example command and its output: # lparstat 1 4 System configuration: type=Shared mode=Uncapped smt=4 lcpu=4 mem=2048MB psize=16 ent=0.60 %user %sys %wait %idle physc %entc lbusy app vcsw phint ----- ----- ------ ------ ----- ----- -------- ----- ----72.7 2.9 0.0 24.4 1.00 166.6 30.0 13.56 22902 6 71.1 2.8 0.0 26.1 1.00 166.6 30.8 13.86 23658 0 71.1 2.8 0.0 26.2 1.00 166.6 30.0 14.26 23694 6 71.1 2.9 0.0 26.1 1.00 166.6 31.5 13.74 23574 0 » Some things to notice include: - %entc decreased and is at approximately 166%. This is consistent with a partition configured as uncapped where it has one virtual processor and has an entitled capacity of 0.6. It is using a physc of 1.00, which is consistent with using the entire capacity of one virtual processor for this uncapped partition. When you are using 1.0 physc but are configured for 0.6 entitled capacity, it is correct to see the %entc value at 166%. __ 20. Your assigned LPAR should still be running the "yes | sum &" command. In the second terminal window to your partition, run the lparstat 1 4 command; then dynamically change your partition to be a capped mode partition. In the second terminal window to your partition, run the lparstat 1 4 command again. Compare the two outputs. What do you notice?

2-12 Power Virtualization I

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V7.0.2 Student Exercises with hints

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» Example lparstat 1 4 command output when the partition is uncapped: # lparstat 1 4 System configuration: type=Shared mode=Uncapped smt=4 lcpu=4 mem=2048MB psize=16 ent=0.60 %user %sys %wait %idle physc %entc lbusy app vcsw phint ----- ----- ------ ------ ----- ----- -------- ----- ----72.3 2.9 0.0 24.7 1.00 166.2 32.2 13.27 23694 6 73.6 3.3 0.0 23.1 1.00 166.6 31.8 14.51 23541 6 71.0 2.8 0.0 26.2 1.00 166.6 31.5 12.86 23652 3 72.4 2.9 0.0 24.7 1.00 166.6 31.2 13.47 23649 0 » To change the partition from uncapped to capped, go to the HMC Systems Management application. In the LPAR table view, select your partition and choose Dynamic Logical Partitioning > Processor > Add or Remove. In the window, uncheck the Uncapped check box. Click OK. » Example lparstat 1 4 command output when the partition is capped: # lparstat 1 4 System configuration: type=Shared mode=Capped smt=4 lcpu=4 mem=2048MB psize=16 ent=0.60 %user %sys %wait %idle physc %entc lbusy app vcsw phint ----- ----- ------ ------ ----- ----- -------- ----- ----70.8 3.1 0.0 26.1 0.60 99.9 31.2 13.60 14448 3 70.9 3.2 0.0 26.0 0.60 100.0 31.8 14.45 14469 0 70.9 3.0 0.0 26.0 0.60 100.0 30.2 14.12 14433 0 71.1 3.0 0.0 25.9 0.60 100.0 31.0 14.36 14283 0 » What you should notice about the two outputs is that the physc in the capped partition only goes as high as the entitled capacity, which is 0.60. The %entc now does not go higher than 100% (or much higher due to rounding issues). __ 21. This ends the exercise. Stop the "yes | sum &" command, and close any terminal windows that are open. Contact your instructor for instructions on what to do next.

End of exercise

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Exercise 2. Processor virtualization configuration

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2-13

Student Exercises with hints

2-14 Power Virtualization I

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V7.0.2 Student Exercises with hints

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Exercise 3. Integrated Virtual Ethernet configuration (with hints)

What this exercise is about This exercise has students configure a partition to use a logical host Ethernet adapter (LHEA) logical port as its network device. The host Ethernet adapter (HEA) is also referred to as the Integrated Virtual Ethernet (IVE) adapter.

What you should be able to do At the end of this exercise, you should be able to: • Add a logical port from the HEA to a partition's configuration • Configure networking on the LHEA port interface

Introduction In this exercise, you will configure a LHEA logical port in a partition, configure the interface for this port, and run a network performance command to view statistics about the logical port.

Requirements • This workbook. • A workstation with a web browser connected to a network. • A managed system connected to the same network as the workstations. • A system from which to start an SSH session to the HMC.

© Copyright IBM Corp. 2009, 2013

Exercise 3. Integrated Virtual Ethernet configuration

Course materials may not be reproduced in whole or in part without the prior written permission of IBM.

3-1

Student Exercises with hints

Exercise instructions with hints Preface • All exercises of this unit depend on the availability of specific equipment in your classroom. You will need: - A computer system with a web browser. - A managed system configured with at least one partition per student. - A system from which to execute remote commands to the HMC (through SSH): All lab systems need to be accessible to each other on a network. • Hints are provided for exercises in case you need them and to provide solutions for the exercise steps. All hints are marked by a » sign.

View managed system and LPAR configuration In this exercise, the goal is to configure your assigned LPAR to use an HEA logical port and configure it so that it has network connectivity. __ 1. Connect to the HMC using a web browser. Login as hscroot. __ 2. Go to the Systems Management application on the HMC. Go to the LPAR table view. Do not select any LPAR. __ 3. Open the task to see the HEA configuration by making sure no partitions are selected, and then selecting the Hardware Information > Adapters > Host Ethernet task. Note that in the lab configuration, the machines are single node systems; therefore, there is only one HEA. You should get a window similar to the following example:

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Power Virtualization I

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V7.0.2 Student Exercises with hints

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__ 4. Select the Physical Port Location Code T1 as follows:

Then select the Configure button and view the various attributes of the HEA. Keep the default values. How many logical ports per physical port group are available to be configured on your system? » You can tell by looking at the MCS value in the Host Ethernet Adapters window.

» Given the example shown in the hints above, the MCS value is two and there is no logical port assigned to an LPAR; therefore, available logical port IDs are one through eight. • You might want to select the Help button to get additional information about these attributes. • Select OK or Cancel to exit. __ 5. Close the Host Ethernet Adapters window. __ 6. Open a terminal window to your LPAR, and run the lsdev -c adapter -S a AIX command to see if there are any available host Ethernet devices. There should not be any. Use the -S a flag so that devices listed as Defined do not appear in the lsdev output.

© Copyright IBM Corp. 2009, 2013

Exercise 3. Integrated Virtual Ethernet configuration

Course materials may not be reproduced in whole or in part without the prior written permission of IBM.

3-3

Student Exercises with hints

» With only your partition selected, run the Console Window > Open Terminal Window task. Log in as root. » Here is an example of the command and output that shows no HEAs. You should only see physical Ethernet adapters: # lsdev -c adapter -S a ent0 Available 00-00 2-Port 10/100/1000 Base-TX PCI-Express Adapter (14104003) ent1 Available 00-01 2-Port 10/100/1000 Base-TX PCI-Express Adapter (14104003) fcs0 Available 01-00 8Gb PCI Express Dual Port FC Adapter (df1000f114108a03) fcs1 Available 01-01 8Gb PCI Express Dual Port FC Adapter (df1000f114108a03) vsa0 Available LPAR Virtual Serial Adapter __ 7. Shut down your assigned LPAR. You do not have to wait for it to shut down to go to the next step. » Run the shutdown -F AIX command. __ 8. Edit your LPAR's Normal profile to include an HEA logical port. Use the following information for assigning an LHEA port: Table 1: LHEA port assignment Student LPAR Name HEA HEA number: Physical Physical Port ID Port Group First managed system student 1 partition1 0 1 student 2 partition2 0 1 student 3 partition3 0 1 student 4 partition4 0 1 student 5 partition5 0 1 student 6 partition6 0 1 Second managed system student 7 partition7 0 1 student 8 partition8 0 1 student 9 partition9 0 1 student 10 partition10 0 1 student 11 partition11 0 1 student 12 partition12 0 1

HEA logical Port ID 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 2 3 4 5 6

» With only your partition selected, run the Configuration > Manage Profiles task. » Select the Normal profile, and then run Edit on the Actions menu. » Go to the Logical Host Ethernet Adapter (LHEA) tab.

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V7.0.2 Student Exercises with hints

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» Select the physical port ID 0 of the port group 1. Here is an example where physical port ID 0 is selected:

» Click Configure. » Select the logical port for your partition according to the information in Table 1 above. Here is an example with logical port ID 1 selected:

» Click OK to apply the logical port change. » Click OK to apply the change to the profile. » Do not close the Manage Profiles window yet. __ 9. Ensure that your partition has 2 GB of memory. Configuring an HEA port requires that your LPAR has at least 768 MB of memory. » Click Close to close the Managed Profiles window. © Copyright IBM Corp. 2009, 2013

Exercise 3. Integrated Virtual Ethernet configuration

Course materials may not be reproduced in whole or in part without the prior written permission of IBM.

3-5

Student Exercises with hints

__ 10. Activate your LPAR with its Normal profile. » Your LPAR should still be selected. Run the Operations > Activate task and activate it with its Normal profile. If you still have a console window for the partition, you do not have to check the check box for a terminal window. If you do not have a console window, check the check box. __ 11. Once your LPAR has booted, log in to its console. Run the lsdev -c adapter -S a AIX command again. You should see these two new devices: ent2 Available Logical Host Ethernet Port (lp-hea) lhea0 Available Logical Host Ethernet Adapter (l-hea) The logical numbers (ent# and lhea#) for the devices might be different on your system. __ 12. Run the lsparent -Cl ent2 command to see the parent of the LHEA (lp-hea). The logical number (ent#) for the device might be different on your system. » # lsparent -Cl ent2 lhea0 Available Logical Host Ethernet Adapter (l-hea) __ 13. Open a virtual console to your LPAR. Use the smit tcpip fastpath to list your TCP/IP configuration. Record the host name, IP address, network mask and default gateway here. Host name: ____________________ IP address: ____________________ Network mask: ____________________ Default gateway: ____________________ __ 14. Use the virtual console session to run the ifconfig AIX command to bring down and detach the existing Ethernet interface. This should be a physical Ethernet adapter that has logical device name ent0 (en0 interface). The logical number (ent#) for the device might be different on your system. # ifconfig en0 down # ifconfig en0 detach __ 15. Use the smit tcpip fastpath to configure the Ethernet interface for the logical host Ethernet port. Use the Minimum Configuration & Startup SMIT menu option. If the adapter's name is ent2, configure its interface en2. Use the following information to configure this interface: • Reuse the host name, IP address, netmask, and gateway you recorded previously. • Use the down arrow to move to the bottom of the SMIT panel and answer yes to the START Now line. • Press Enter to run the SMIT panel. 3-6

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V7.0.2 Student Exercises with hints

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• Type ESC 0 to exit SMIT. __ 16. Use the ping AIX command to verify that your network interface can communicate on the network. Ping the IP address of your HMC. Here is an example of a successful ping where hmcIP would be the actual HMC's IP address: # ping hmcIP PING 10.6.140.40: (10.6.140.40): 56 data bytes 64 bytes from 10.6.140.40: icmp_seq=0 ttl=64 time=0 ms 64 bytes from 10.6.140.40: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0 ms Type CTRL C to stop the ping. __ 17. Run entstat -d on the new ent# device. Page through the statistics that are available for this type of device. You can also try the following command: lsslot -c port __ 18. Looking at the LHEA port assignments in Table 1 on page 3-4, what if you had to configure an LHEA port on your LPAR for the best performance for lots of network traffic to external hosts? What physical HEA port would you use? Document that physical port ID here: ____________________ » Since all the LPARs are using physical port 0, you should configure your partition for the other physical port if there will be lots of network traffic to external hosts. In that case, your LPAR would not share the same physical port as the other LPARs. » Note, however, that all the logical ports associated with the same physical port allow partition-to-partition communication. LPARs that configure logical ports on the same physical ports can use internal LPAR-to-LPAR communications. If your LPAR was only going to have heavy traffic to other LPARs, using the same physical port, and thus the same HEA internal switch, would make more sense. __ 19. Inform your instructor that you have finished this exercise.

End of exercise

© Copyright IBM Corp. 2009, 2013

Exercise 3. Integrated Virtual Ethernet configuration

Course materials may not be reproduced in whole or in part without the prior written permission of IBM.

3-7

Student Exercises with hints

3-8

Power Virtualization I

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V7.0.2 Student Exercises with hints

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Exercise 4. Virtual Ethernet adapter configuration (with hints)

What this exercise is about This exercise covers the configuration of a virtual Ethernet network for LPAR communication. It explores the operations involved with managing virtual Ethernet adapters.

What you should be able to do At the end of this exercise, you should be able to: • Configure a network communication between two partitions through virtual Ethernet adapters, and test the POWER Hypervisor provided VLAN connection • Configure a virtual adapter with additional VID and a VLAN adapter in your AIX partition

Introduction In this exercise, you create and configure a virtual Ethernet adapter and test the connectivity between your partition and another student's partition. You will use both the HMC graphical interface and HMC commands to complete the tasks.

Requirements • This workbook. • A workstation with Web UI to access the HMC over an IP. • A POWER7 processor-based managed system connected to the same network as the workstations. • A system from which to start SSH sessions to the HMC and partitions.

© Copyright IBM Corp. 2009, 2013

Exercise 4. Virtual Ethernet adapter configuration

Course materials may not be reproduced in whole or in part without the prior written permission of IBM.

4-1

Student Exercises with hints

Exercise instructions with hints Preface • This exercise depends on the availability of specific equipment in your classroom. You will need: - A managed system configured with at least one partition per student running AIX V7.1. - A system from which to execute remote commands to the HMC (using web user interface or SSH). - Network connectivity that is set up to allow all the systems to communicate properly. » Hints are provided for exercises in case you need them and to provide solutions for the exercise steps. All hints are marked by a » sign. Also, please note that the screen shots in this and subsequent exercises are suggestive in nature and the screens you will see might differ depending on the hardware setup or the version of the HMC and VIOS. Ensure that you understand the steps, and if you have any doubt, feel free to speak to your instructor.

Part 1: Configuring a virtual Ethernet connection (simple configuration) In this part of the exercise, you use the HMC to create a virtual Ethernet adapter for your partition, and you configure the virtual Ethernet adapter and the corresponding AIX interface. You and another student will use the same VLAN ID for the virtual Ethernet adapter configuration. You will test the connection to the partition configured on the same VLAN and check that you are not able to ping other partitions. The following diagram shows the network topology that students will configure during part one of the exercise. It represents the partitions hosted on a managed server for student

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Power Virtualization I

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V7.0.2 Student Exercises with hints

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one through student six. A similar partition configuration is set up on another system for students seven to twelve.

POWER Hypervisor __ 1. Start your browser, connect to the HMC, and log in using the user and password that has been provided for you in the class instructions. Navigate to the LPAR table view for your system, and check the status of your partition. Your partition should be running for this part of the exercise. If it is not, activate it using the Normal profile. Continue to step two without waiting for the activation to complete. » Click the Systems Management link in the HMC navigation area. » Click your managed system in the list of servers. » Select your LPAR in the working pane; then use the Tasks menu to request the partition activation (Operations > Activate). __ 2. Dynamically add a virtual Ethernet adapter to your partition. Create the adapter with the lowest available virtual slot number, and assign it the virtual LAN ID value as mentioned in the table below. Table 2: Virtual Ethernet adapter configuration Student Managed Port IP address number system default VLAN ID 1 first 1 1.1.1.1 2 first 1 1.1.1.2 3 first 2 1.1.1.3 4 first 2 1.1.1.4 5 first 3 1.1.1.5 6 first 3 1.1.1.6 7 second 1 1.1.1.7 8 second 1 1.1.1.8 9 second 2 1.1.1.9 10 second 2 1.1.1.10 11 second 3 1.1.1.11 © Copyright IBM Corp. 2009, 2013

Exercise 4. Virtual Ethernet adapter configuration

Course materials may not be reproduced in whole or in part without the prior written permission of IBM.

4-3

Student Exercises with hints

Student number

Managed system

Port IP address default VLAN ID 12 second 3 1.1.1.12 » Select your LPAR in the working pane, and then use the Context menu or the Tasks pad to access the Dynamic Logical Partitioning > Virtual Adapters task. » On the Actions menu, select Create > Ethernet Adapter... » In the screen that pops up, change the VLAN ID to the corresponding value and click OK. Do not select any other check boxes, and verify that the VSwitch field is set with the default ETHERNET0(Default) value. Here is an example where the virtual LAN ID of 1 is entered for the partition 1:

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Power Virtualization I

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V7.0.2 Student Exercises with hints

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» The Virtual Adapter dialog screen should now look like this:

» Click OK to create the virtual Ethernet adapter. __ 3. Since you added the virtual Ethernet adapter dynamically, what must you do to have AIX recognize the new device? Open an ASCII terminal to your partition using SSH or Telnet, log in as root, and run the cfgmgr command to configure the virtual Ethernet adapter. Use the lsdev command to see the list of configured devices, and then verify that there is one new virtual Ethernet adapter available. » The important step is to run the cfgmgr command. » Here are example commands and outputs. In this example, ent3 is the new virtual Ethernet adapter. # lsdev -Cc adapter | grep ent ent0 Available 00-00 2-Port 10/100/1000 Base-TX PCI-Express ent1 Available 00-01 2-Port 10/100/1000 Base-TX PCI-Express ent2 Available Logical Host Ethernet Port (lp-hea) # cfgmgr # lsdev -Cc adapter -Sa | grep ent ent0 Available 00-00 2-Port 10/100/1000 Base-TX PCI-Express ent1 Available 00-01 2-Port 10/100/1000 Base-TX PCI-Express ent2 Available Logical Host Ethernet Port (lp-hea) ent3 Available Virtual I/O Ethernet Adapter (l-lan)

Adapter (14104003) Adapter (14104003)

Adapter (14104003) Adapter (14104003)

In the following steps, you will use commands to check the virtual Ethernet configuration from the AIX command-line interface. __ 4. Use the entstat -d command to check the port VLAN ID of the virtual Ethernet adapter.

© Copyright IBM Corp. 2009, 2013

Exercise 4. Virtual Ethernet adapter configuration

Course materials may not be reproduced in whole or in part without the prior written permission of IBM.

4-5

Student Exercises with hints

» Here is example command and output information. # entstat -d ent3 | grep ID Invalid VLAN ID Packets: 0 Port VLAN ID: 1 VLAN Tag IDs: None Switch ID: ETHERNET0 __ 5. Use the lscfg AIX command to list the virtual slot ID of the virtual Ethernet adapter. » Virtual slot ID is mentioned in the physical location code; use the lscfg command. » Here is example command and output information. In this example, the virtual Ethernet adapter is connected to virtual slot ID 2. # lscfg -l ent3 ent3 U8233.E8B.1084AER-V1-C2-T1 Virtual I/O Ethernet Adapter (l-lan)

__ 6. List the MAC address of the virtual Ethernet adapter from the AIX CLI. You can use lscfg or entstat. » Here are example commands and outputs. # entstat -d ent3 | grep Address Hardware Address: 06:06:eb:31:e8:02 # lscfg -vl ent3 | grep Address Network Address.............0606EB31E802 __ 7. Log in to the HMC CLI using the ssh command, and list the configuration of the virtual Ethernet adapter on your partition. » Here are example commands and output. hscroot@hmc109:~> lshwres -r virtualio --rsubtype eth -m sys464 --level lpar --filter lpar_names=sys464_partition1 lpar_name=sys464_partition1,lpar_id=1,slot_num=2,state=1,is_required= 0,is_trunk=0,ieee_virtual_eth=0,port_vlan_id=1,vswitch=ETHERNET0,addl _vlan_ids=,mac_addr=0606EB31E802,allowed_os_mac_addrs=all,qos_priorit y=none __ 8. View the virtual network topology. Access the HMC web user interface, select your partition, and use the Dynamic Logical Partitioning > Virtual Adapters task. On the Actions menu, select Create > Ethernet Adapter.... In the screen that pops up, click the View Virtual Network, select your VLAN, and look at the network details. Click Close and Cancel twice to exit without creating a new virtual adapter.

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V7.0.2 Student Exercises with hints

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» An example screen is shown below. You may not see the details of the other partition using the same VLAN ID if the other student has not yet dynamically added the virtual Ethernet adapter.

__ 9. Now it is time to configure the AIX Ethernet interface. Use the smitty chinet fastpath, and select the interface corresponding to the virtual adapter. In the example from the last step, you would configure the en3 interface. Use the IP address mentioned in Table 2 on page 4-3 according to your student number, set 255.255.255.0 for the netmask, and change the current STATE to up. Press the Enter key to run the command, and press F10 or Esc 0 to exit SMIT when the operation is completed successfully. __ 10. List the IP routing table of your partition, and verify that IP routes are created using the corresponding interface.

© Copyright IBM Corp. 2009, 2013

Exercise 4. Virtual Ethernet adapter configuration

Course materials may not be reproduced in whole or in part without the prior written permission of IBM.

4-7

Student Exercises with hints

» Here are example commands and output. # netstat -rn Routing tables Destination

Gateway

Flags

Refs

Route Tree for Protocol Family 2 (Internet): default 10.6.140.254 UG 1 1.1.1.0 1.1.1.1 UHSb 0 > 1.1.1/24 1.1.1.1 U 0 1.1.1.1 127.0.0.1 UGHS 0 1.1.1.255 1.1.1.1 UHSb 0 10.6.140.0 10.6.140.41 UHSb 0 > 10.6.140/24 10.6.140.41 U 1 10.6.140.41 127.0.0.1 UGHS 2 10.6.140.255 10.6.140.41 UHSb 0 127/8 127.0.0.1 U 5

Use If

655 en2 0 en3 3 en3 2 lo0 0 en3 0 en2 1099 8 0 16776

en2 lo0 en2 lo0

Exp Groups

-

-

=

-

=

-

-

__ 11. Coordinate with the other student who is using the same VLAN for his or her partition on the same managed system (refer to Table 2 on page 4-3). Ping his or her partition IP address on the 1.1.1.X network. Verify that the two virtual Ethernet adapters can communicate. » Here are example commands and outputs. # ping -c 3 1.1.1.2 PING 1.1.1.2: (1.1.1.2): 56 data bytes 64 bytes from 1.1.1.2: icmp_seq=0 ttl=255 time=0 ms 64 bytes from 1.1.1.2: icmp_seq=1 ttl=255 time=0 ms 64 bytes from 1.1.1.2: icmp_seq=2 ttl=255 time=0 ms ----1.1.1.2 PING Statistics---3 packets transmitted, 3 packets received, 0% packet loss round-trip min/avg/max = 0/0/0 ms __ 12. Test the speed of the virtual network; 1 megabyte should be transferred in less than 10 milliseconds. This test should not be considered as a performance measurement; it is just given as an example. Use the ftp command to connect to your partner's partition using the 1.1.1.X network; then type binary to transfer as binary form, and type the following command to send 1 MByte: put "|dd if=/dev/zero bs=1M count=1" /dev/null

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V7.0.2 Student Exercises with hints

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» Here are example commands and outputs. # ftp 1.1.1.2 Connected to 1.1.1.2. 220 sys464_partition2 FTP server (Version 4.2 Tue Oct 19 16:17:02 CDT 2010) ready. Name (1.1.1.2:root): root 331 Password required for root. Password: 230-Last unsuccessful login: Tue May 4 16:02:15 CEDT 2010 on /dev/pts/0 from st or_nim 230-Last login: Sat Jan 5 00:16:30 CET 2013 on ftp from ::ffff:1.1.1.1 230 User root logged in. ftp> binary 200 Type set to I. ftp> put "|dd if=/dev/zero bs=1M count=1" /dev/null 200 PORT command successful. 150 Opening data connection for /dev/null. 1+0 records in. 1+0 records out. 226 Transfer complete. 1048576 bytes sent in 0.01098 seconds (9.325e+04 Kbytes/s) local: |dd if=/dev/zero bs=1M count=1 remote: /dev/null ftp>bye __ 13. Verify that you cannot ping a partition defined on a different VLAN. » Here is an example showing the ping command and its output. # ping -c1 1.1.1.3 PING 1.1.1.3: (1.1.1.3): 56 data bytes ----1.1.1.3 PING Statistics---1 packets transmitted, 0 packets received, 100% packet loss

© Copyright IBM Corp. 2009, 2013

Exercise 4. Virtual Ethernet adapter configuration

Course materials may not be reproduced in whole or in part without the prior written permission of IBM.

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Student Exercises with hints

Part 2: Configuring additional VLANs In this part of the exercise, you will dynamically change the configuration of your partition so that it can participate on two VLANs. The following diagram shows the network topology that students will configure during part two of the exercise. Notice that the part one configuration remains unchanged, and you will perform the steps to add the additional VLAN. The final configuration allows all partitions in the same server to communicate each other. A similar configuration is set up on the other managed server for students seven to twelve.

__ 14. Dynamically change the virtual Ethernet adapter's configuration so that it can participate on two VLANs. Specify the additional VLAN ID 4. In a later step, you will configure the respective network interface with an IP address according to the following table. Table 3: Additional VLAN ID configuration Student IEEE 802.1Q IP Address for the number Additional VLAN ID new VLAN interface 1 4 4.4.4.1 2 4 4.4.4.2 3 4 4.4.4.3 4 4 4.4.4.4 5 4 4.4.4.5 6 4 4.4.4.6 7 4 4.4.4.7 8 4 4.4.4.8 9 4 4.4.4.9 10 4 4.4.4.10 11 4 4.4.4.11 12 4 4.4.4.12 » Click the Systems Management link in the HMC navigation area. » Expand the Servers list so that you can select your managed system. 4-10 Power Virtualization I

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V7.0.2 Student Exercises with hints

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» Select your LPAR in the working pane, and then use the Context menu or the Tasks pad to access the Dynamic Logical Partitioning > Virtual Adapters task. » Select the virtual Ethernet adapter that you created earlier. Click the Edit option in the Actions menu. » In the window that opens, select the IEEE 802.1q compatible adapter check box and enter the second VLAN ID in the Add VLAN ID field. Then click the Add button so that the VLAN ID appears in the Additional VLAN IDs list. » Here is an example:

» Click OK on this screen, and then click OK again to close the Logical Partition Profile Properties window. __ 15. In a terminal connected to your partition, run lsdev -C | grep ent to list all Ethernet adapters. Is a VLAN device entry listed? _________________________________________________________________

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Exercise 4. Virtual Ethernet adapter configuration

Course materials may not be reproduced in whole or in part without the prior written permission of IBM.

4-11

Student Exercises with hints

» Here is an example command and its output. # lsdev -C | grep ent ent0 Available 00-00 Adapter (14104003) ent1 Available 00-01 Adapter (14104003) ent2 Available ent3 Available

2-Port 10/100/1000 Base-TX PCI-Express 2-Port 10/100/1000 Base-TX PCI-Express Logical Host Ethernet Port (lp-hea) Virtual I/O Ethernet Adapter (l-lan)

» No VLAN entry is in this output. __ 16. Use the entstat -d command to check the port VLAN IDs of the virtual Ethernet adapter. Does the additional VLAN ID show up in the output? » Here is example command and output information showing the newly added additional VLAN ID in the VLAN Tag IDs field. # entstat -d ent3 | grep ID Invalid VLAN ID Packets: 0 Port VLAN ID: 1 VLAN Tag IDs: 4 Switch ID: ETHERNET0 __ 17. Use the smit addvlan fastpath command to create a new AIX VLAN pseudo device instance associated with the additional VLAN ID using the virtual Ethernet adapter that you created previously. Do not specify a VLAN priority in the SMIT menu. » Here is an example of the addvlan SMIT screen where the VLAN ID 4 has been entered: Add A VLAN Type or select values in entry fields. Press Enter AFTER making all desired changes. [Entry Fields] ent3 [4] +# [] +#

VLAN Base Adapter * VLAN Tag ID VLAN Priority

__ 18. List all Ethernet adapters in your partition. Is there a new AIX VLAN device entry now? ____________________________________________________________

4-12 Power Virtualization I

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V7.0.2 Student Exercises with hints

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» You should now see a VLAN pseudo device listed in the lsdev output. Here is an example of the lsdev command and its output showing that there is now a new ent4 instance listed as a VLAN. # lsdev -C | grep ent ent0 Available 00-00 (14104003) ent1 Available 00-01 (14104003) ent2 Available ent3 Available ent4 Available

2-Port 10/100/1000 Base-TX PCI-Express Adapter 2-Port 10/100/1000 Base-TX PCI-Express Adapter Logical Host Ethernet Port (lp-hea) Virtual I/O Ethernet Adapter (l-lan) VLAN

__ 19. Use the smit chinet fastpath command to configure the interface of the new VLAN device. Select the interface, and use the IP address mentioned in Table 3 on page 4-10. It should be similar to 4.4.4.x, where x is your student number. Use 255.255.255.0 for the network mask, and set the current state to up. Press Enter to execute the command. __ 20. In this part of the lab exercise, all the students on the same server have a network interface defined on the VLAN ID number 4 and configured with an IP address on the 4.4.4.x subnet. Synchronize with another student and ping his or her partition using the corresponding 4.4.4.X address. Is the ping successful now? » Here is an example showing the ping command and its output. Partition1 pings partition3 successfully. # ping -c 2 4.4.4.3 PING 4.4.4.3: (4.4.4.3): 56 data bytes 64 bytes from 4.4.4.3: icmp_seq=0 ttl=255 time=0 ms 64 bytes from 4.4.4.3: icmp_seq=1 ttl=255 time=0 ms ----4.4.4.3 PING Statistics---2 packets transmitted, 2 packets received, 0% packet loss round-trip min/avg/max = 0/0/0 ms Adding a second virtual Ethernet adapter using a port default VLAN ID instead of an additional VID on the single virtual Ethernet adapter would have resulted in an equivalent TCP/IP configuration. For this reason, AIX VLAN adapters are not frequently used in the virtualized environment. __ 21. Shut down your partition using the shutdown -F AIX command. __ 22. Let your instructor know when you have completed the exercise.

End of exercise

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Exercise 4. Virtual Ethernet adapter configuration

Course materials may not be reproduced in whole or in part without the prior written permission of IBM.

4-13

Student Exercises with hints

4-14 Power Virtualization I

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V7.0.2 Student Exercises with hints

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Exercise 5. Virtual I/O Server and client partition configuration (with hints)

What this exercise is about This exercise covers the installation and configuration of a virtual I/O server and an AIX client partition. It covers the setup of a virtual Ethernet LAN, an SEA for network access, and a VSCSI environment that provides disks for the client partition. For your information, another optional lab exercise is available at the end of the course. It covers the setup of a virtual media repository and the creation of a file-backed VSCSI disk.

What you should be able to do At the end of this exercise, you should be able to: • Create a virtual I/O server partition • Install the virtual I/O server operating system • Configure the virtual I/O server to support a virtual client partition: - Configure an SEA - Configure a VSCSI environment • Create the virtual client partition • Install AIX from a network installation management server

Introduction This exercise is presented in two topics. • The first topic contains two parts: - Part 1: Create the VIO server partition - Part 2: Install the virtual I/O server operating system • The second topic contains four parts: - Part 1: Configure an SEA on the virtual I/O server - Part 2: Configure a VSCSI disk on the virtual I/O server - Part 3: Create the client LPAR © Copyright IBM Corp. 2009, 2013

Exercise 5. Virtual I/O Server and client partition configuration

Course materials may not be reproduced in whole or in part without the prior written permission of IBM.

5-1

Student Exercises with hints

- Part 4: Install the AIX client partition operating system

Requirements • This workbook • A workstation with web UI to access the HMC over an IP. • A POWER7 processor-based managed system connected to the same network as the workstations. • A system from which to start an SSH session to the HMC.

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Power Virtualization I

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V7.0.2 Student Exercises with hints

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Exercise instructions with hints Preface • This exercise depends on the availability of specific equipment in your classroom. You will need: - A managed system to configure a VIO server and an AIX V7.1 partition. - A NIM server prepared with corresponding resources. - A system from which to execute remote commands to the HMC (using SSH) and to access the HMC web user interface. - Network connectivity that is set up to allow all the systems to communicate properly. • Hints are provided for exercises in case you need them and to provide solutions for the exercise steps. All hints are marked by a » sign. • The following diagram shows the configuration that you will implement during this lab. - In Topic 1, you will create and install the VIO server partition. - In Topic 2, you will configure an SEA and a vhost in the VIO server to provide virtual resources for a client partition; then you will create and install the client partition.

Notice that two kinds of LUNs are assigned to the Fibre Channel adapter of your VIO Server partition. Non-shared LUNs (LUNS assigned to only one Fibre Channel adapter): • One of the non-shared LUNs will be used as the rootvg disk for the installation of the VIO server operating system. It should be 30 GB in size. • The other non-shared LUN (8 GB in size) will be used in an optional exercise for creating a file backed pool. © Copyright IBM Corp. 2009, 2013

Exercise 5. Virtual I/O Server and client partition configuration

Course materials may not be reproduced in whole or in part without the prior written permission of IBM.

5-3

Student Exercises with hints

Shared LUNs (LUNS assigned to several Fibre Channel adapters): • You will use one of the shared LUNs (10 GB in size) for your client partition AIX installation. • It is not necessary to share this LUN for this exercise because you build a unique configuration VIO server. The LUN is shared because in a following exercise you will work as a team with another student and share resources to build a secure environment with a dual VIO server configuration. Several 10 GB shared LUNs have been set up for the class. Each student will select one of these LUNs to install the client LPAR operating system. When performing LPAR creation tasks, use the VLAN IDs and LPAR names assigned by your Instructor.

Topic 1 - Part 1: Create the VIO server partition In this part of the exercise, you will use the physical slots of your existing assigned LPAR as the physical slots for the virtual I/O server partition. __ 1. If your partition is running, shut it down. While you are waiting for the partition to shut down, open the partition's properties window and note all the physical I/O slots that have been assigned to it. Write them down here (it will be used later in the VIOS definition). Ethernet adapter slot: _______________________________________________ Fibre Channel adapter slot: ___________________________________________ » Issue the shutdown -F command if your partition is running. » In the HMC interface, select your assigned partition in the work area, and choose Properties in the Tasks pad. Select the Hardware tab and then the I/O sub-tab, and note all the slots that the partition currently owns. In the following example, this partition either owns or is remembered to have owned slot C4 and C6.

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Power Virtualization I

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V7.0.2 Student Exercises with hints

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» Make a note of the complete slot number information for each adapter, not just the last portion of the slot, for example C4. This is because some managed systems may have multiple I/O enclosures, and each enclosure may have a slot called C4. The complete slot information identifies the I/O enclosure that contains the slot. __ 2. When your assigned partition is shut down, close any open console window, and then delete the partition. » Select your assigned partition in the work area; then choose Operations > delete. __ 3. Create a virtual I/O server partition. Use the partition name provided by your instructor, and name the profile Normal. The VIOS partition will use the physical I/O resources of the partition that you deleted in the previous step so that it can have access to a storage subsystem. The following table shows the managed server allocation for all the students attending the class. One managed server is shared by six students. See your instructor for the LPAR name information. Table 4: Student and VIOS allocation Student ID Virtual I/O VIO server server partition partition ID name First managed server Student 1 1 Student 2 2 Student 3 3 Student 4 4 Student 5 5 Student 6 6 Second managed server Student 7 7 Student 8 8 Student 9 9 Student 10 10 Student 11 11 Student 12 12 The following table shows all the parameters and values needed for the configuration of your VIO server partition. You will use this information to fill in the corresponding fields of the Create LPAR Wizard. All the wizard steps are listed in the left column of the table.

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Exercise 5. Virtual I/O Server and client partition configuration

Course materials may not be reproduced in whole or in part without the prior written permission of IBM.

5-5

Student Exercises with hints

Table 5: VIO configuration details Wizard step Parameter or action Partition ID Partition name Create Partition Mover service partition Partition Profile Processors

Processing Settings

Memory Settings

I/O

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Power Virtualization I

Profile name Shared Minimum processing units Desired processing units Maximum processing units Shared processor pool Minimum virtual processors Desired virtual processors Maximum virtual processors Uncapped Weight Minimum memory Desired memory Maximum memory Active Memory Expansion Two slots must be added as required (One Fibre Channel and one Ethernet adapter).

Value Your student ID Provided by the instructor Check or uncheck (does not matter, this is for partition mobility) Normal 0.1 0.6 1.0 DefaultPool (0) 1 1 10 Yes (check box) 128 1 GB 2 GB 4 GB Not checked Refer to the values recorded in Step 1.

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V7.0.2 Student Exercises with hints

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Wizard step

Virtual Adapters

Logical Host Ethernet Adapters (LHEA) HCA Optional Settings Profile Summary

Parameter or action Value Maximum virtual adapters 50 Actions -> Create Virtual Adapter -> Ethernet Adapter... Adapter ID 11 ETHERNET0 VSwitch (Default) Student number (for Port Virtual Ethernet example, student seven uses VLAN 7) This adapter is required for Not checked partition activation. IEEE 802.1q Not checked Use this adapter for Ethernet Checked bridging Trunk priority 1 Actions -> Create Virtual Adapter -> SCSI Adapter... Adapter ID 12 This adapter is required for Not checked partition activation. Keep the option Any client partition can connect. selected. Skip this step. Skip this step. Boot modes

Normal

» To create a new partition, click the Systems Management link in the HMC navigation area, click Servers, and then select your managed system. » In the Tasks pad, click Configuration > Create Logical Partition > VIO Server. » When the Create Lpar Wizard opens, name your partition using the information provided by your instructor. Use your student number as the partition ID.

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Exercise 5. Virtual I/O Server and client partition configuration

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5-7

Student Exercises with hints

» The Create Lpar Wizard should look similar to this example:

» Click Next and proceed to use the wizard to create the partition, using the specified profile name, processor and memory settings, and I/O physical slot resources. Remember that selecting an I/O slot is not enough; you need to click Add as Required above the list. » Click Actions to create the virtual adapters. Continue to click Next until you reach the Profile Summary panel. Remember to set 'Maximum virtual adapters' to 50, because you will need these adapter IDs in subsequent exercises. » You can go back to a previous wizard step at any time by clicking in the left navigation pane. » Skip the LHEA step. Click Next. » Skip the HCA step. Click Next. » Verify that the configuration is what you want, and then click Finish.

Topic 1 - Part 2: Install the VIO server partition from NIM __ 4. The NIM resource has already been allocated on the NIM master for installing your virtual I/O server. Ask your instructor for confirmation. 5-8

Power Virtualization I

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V7.0.2 Student Exercises with hints

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__ 5. You need an IP address for the VIO server partition, and you need to know the NIM server IP address for the network boot operation. Also, an IP address will be needed in the next part of the exercise for the AIX virtual client partition. Ask your instructor for your assigned IP addresses. Enter them in the following table. Table 6: IP addresses for your partitions VIO server IP address NIM server IP address Netmask Gateway address AIX client IP address __ 6. From the Server Management application of the HMC, activate your Virtual I/O Server LPAR using the SMS boot mode. » On the HMC, click the name of your managed system and select your partition in the working area. » From the Tasks pad or the Context menu, click Operations > Activate > Profile. The Activate Partition menu opens with a selection of partition profiles. Ensure that the correct profile is highlighted. » Select Open a terminal window or console session to open a virtual terminal window. » Click Advanced to open the advanced options menu. » For the boot mode, select SMS. » Click OK and then OK again to start the activation.

__ 7. Interact with the menus. Choose the Setup Remote IPL (Initial Program Load) menu option, and select the network adapter device. You should see the physical Ethernet adapter, which might be a dual port device, and the virtual Ethernet adapter (interpartition logical LAN). Choose the first port of the physical adapter, and press

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Exercise 5. Virtual I/O Server and client partition configuration

Course materials may not be reproduced in whole or in part without the prior written permission of IBM.

5-9

Student Exercises with hints

Enter. In the following example, the item number two must be chosen to select port 1 of the physical adapter.

__ 8. Select the IP Protocol Version of IPv4. Select the Network Service of BOOTP. __ 9. On the Network Parameters panel, select 1 IP Parameters. __ 10. In the next screen (IP Parameters), there are four options. Type the number of the option you want to alter. For example, press 1 and then the Enter key to alter the Client IP address. Type the value, and then press Enter. For the values to enter, refer to Table 6 on page 5-9. If uncertain, ask your instructor for help. __ a. Enter your virtual I/O server's IP address for the client IP address. Do not enter your AIX partition's IP address. Doing so will result in having an AIX image installed for the VIOS rather than a VIOS image. The NIM server uses the client IP address to identify what image to serve to that client. __ b. Enter the NIM server's IP address for the server IP address. __ c. Enter the gateway IP address (if necessary for NIM to VIOS network communication). __ d. Enter the subnet mask. The VIOS will use the same subnet mask as your AIX LPAR. __ e. For example:

5-10 Power Virtualization I

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V7.0.2 Student Exercises with hints

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When done, press the Esc key to go to the Network Parameters menu. Press 2 to select 2 Adapter Configuration. Disable the spanning tree (if it is not already disabled). Press 2 then 2 again to disable. Note that the name of the option is Spanning Tree Enabled. This is always the option name regardless of whether it is enabled. Press Esc to go back to the Adapter Configuration. __ 11. Ask your instructor to confirm the speed value. Suggested values for the speed/duplex settings are auto/auto. Press Esc to go back to the Adapter Configuration menu. Press Esc again to go back to the Network Parameters menu. __ 12. Press 3 to select 3 Ping Test. Press 1 to execute the ping test. Wait for a few seconds, and the message Ping Success should display if the ping test succeeded. Press any key to return to the Ping Test screen. Otherwise, talk to your instructor in case of a ping test failure. __ 13. Press M to go back to the Main Menu; then select 5 Select Boot Options. __ 14. Specify the PCI Ethernet adapter to be the boot device. Press 1 to select Select Install/Boot Device. Select 6 Network, and select 1 BOOTP. In the next screen (Select Device), the Ethernet adapters are listed. Choose the same adapter as the one you have just configured in the previous steps. Type the corresponding number, and press Enter. In the following example, item number two must be chosen to select Port 1 of the physical adapter.

__ 15. Press 2 for Normal Mode Boot; then select 1 Yes when asked Are you sure you want to edit System Management Services? to exit SMS and do a Normal Mode boot. __ 16. You will see the network boot output in the window. Eventually, you will see the Virtual I/O Server installation process. Respond as you normally would to select the system console and language. __ 17. Your terminal screen should display the Installation and Maintenance screen. Press 2 and Enter to select Change/Show Installation Settings and Install. __ 18. Press 1 and Enter to select Disks where you want to install(hdisk0). You will notice that several disks are available for selection. Be careful to select the disk with the size of 30720 MB (30 GB). There should only be one disk of this size. © Copyright IBM Corp. 2009, 2013

Exercise 5. Virtual I/O Server and client partition configuration

Course materials may not be reproduced in whole or in part without the prior written permission of IBM.

5-11

Student Exercises with hints

You should see a screen like this one. Note In this example, hdisk0 is of 30 GB size. On your system, the 30 GB disk may not be hdisk0.

__ 19. Accept your disk choice by pressing 0 to continue with choices listed above. __ 20. You should be back at the System Backup Installation and Settings panel. Start the installation by selecting 0 to continue with the installation process. When the installation completes, the LPAR reboots to a logon screen. Depending on your environment, the install might take as little as six minutes. __ 21. The partition will reboot when the installation is complete. When the installation completes and the LPAR reboots, log in as padmin and use the password provided by your instructor. __ 22. Use the configuration assistant command for the VIOS, cfgassist, to set the date and time zone for the partition. The cfgassist command is menu-driven and allows administrators to manage some of the initial setup requirements of the Virtual I/O Server. The new time zone will take effect after the next time the operating system reboots. You can also use the chdate command to change the date and time zone.

5-12 Power Virtualization I

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V7.0.2 Student Exercises with hints

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You should see a screen like this one:

» From the cfgassist menu, select Set Date and TimeZone. » You can also use the chdate command and the following option in the CLI (where mmddHHMMYYYY is the actual month, date, hour, minutes, and year, and TZ is the time zone): chdate mmddHHMMYYYY -timezone TZ » For example, set the date to 2013, January 4th, 7:30 for Finland: chdate 010407302013 -timezone WET-2WET

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Exercise 5. Virtual I/O Server and client partition configuration

Course materials may not be reproduced in whole or in part without the prior written permission of IBM.

5-13

Student Exercises with hints

__ 23. Type help to list all commands available on the VIOS. Here is the output of the help command for release 2.1.3.10-FP23 of the Virtual I/O Server. Use the ioslevel command to determine your Virtual I/O Server software release level. Install Commands ioslevel license lpar_netboot lssw oem_platform_level oem_setup_env remote_management updateios

Security Commands lsfailedlogin lsgcl viosecure mkldap ldapadd ldapsearch snmpv3_ssw mkkrb5clnt

LAN Commands cfglnagg cfgnamesrv entstat fcstat hostmap hostname lsnetsvc lstcpip mktcpip chtcpip netstat optimizenet ping prepdev rmtcpip seastat startnetsvc stopnetsvc traceroute vasistat

UserID Commands chuser lsuser mkuser passwd rmuser

Device Commands chdev chkdev chpath cfgdev lsdev lsmap lsnports 5-14 Power Virtualization I

Maintenance Commands alt_root_vg backup backupios bootlist cattracerpt chdate chlang cfgassist cl_snmp cpvdi dsmc diagmenu errlog fsck invscout ldfware loginmsg lsfware lslparinfo motd mount pdump © Copyright IBM Corp. 2009, 2013

Course materials may not be reproduced in whole or in part without the prior written permission of IBM.

V7.0.2 Student Exercises with hints

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lspath mkpath mkvdev mkvt rmdev rmpath rmvdev rmvt vfcmap Physical Volume Commands lspv migratepv Logical Volume Commands chlv cplv extendlv lslv mklv mklvcopy rmlv rmlvcopy Volume Group Commands activatevg chvg deactivatevg exportvg extendvg importvg lsvg mirrorios mkvg redefvg reducevg syncvg unmirrorios Storage Pool Commands chbdsp chsp lssp mkbdsp

© Copyright IBM Corp. 2009, 2013

replphyvol restore restorevgstruct save_base savevgstruct showmount shutdown snap snmp_info snmp_trap startsysdump starttrace stoptrace svmon sysstat topas uname unmount viostat vmstat viosbr wkldmgr wkldagent wkldout artexget artexset artexmerge artexlist artexdiff Monitoring Commands cfgsvc lssvc postprocesssvc startsvc stopsvc Shell Commands awk cat chmod clear cp crontab

Exercise 5. Virtual I/O Server and client partition configuration

Course materials may not be reproduced in whole or in part without the prior written permission of IBM.

5-15

Student Exercises with hints

mksp rmbdsp rmsp Virtual Media Commands chrep chvopt loadopt lsrep lsvopt mkrep mkvopt rmrep rmvopt unloadopt

date ftp grep head ls man mkdir more mv rm sed stty tail tee vi wall wc who

__ 24. On occasion, you might need the oem_setup_env command to access the AIX root user shell. From here, you can invoke AIX commands and access SMIT if desired. Type exit to get out of the oem_setup_env shell. The purpose of this oem_setup_env command is to allow customers to install OEM software needed to support storage solutions. All configuration commands of the virtual I/O server should be performed through the padmin user CLI rather than the root user CLI. __ 25. Let your instructor know when you have completed the exercise topic.

Topic 2 - Part 1: Configure an SEA on the virtual I/O server Now that your virtual I/O server is installed, you can configure an SEA. This SEA is needed to provide network access for the AIX client partition. (This client LPAR will be created in the next part of Topic 2). __ 26. Use the lsdev command to list the adapters. You should see all the adapters, including the network adapters (the physical Ethernet adapter and the virtual Ethernet adapter). Record the names of the virtual Ethernet and the physical Ethernet adapters. You should see two Ethernet adapter instances associated with a dual port physical Ethernet adapter; record the name of the first physical port of the list. Physical Ethernet adapter names: _____________________________________ Virtual Ethernet adapter name: ________________________________________

5-16 Power Virtualization I

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V7.0.2 Student Exercises with hints

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» Here is the output from the lsdev command: $ lsdev -type adapter name status description ent0 Available 2-Port 10/100/1000 Base-TX PCI-Express Adapter (14104003) ent1 Available 2-Port 10/100/1000 Base-TX PCI-Express Adapter (14104003) ent2 Available Virtual I/O Ethernet Adapter (l-lan) fcs0 Available 8Gb PCI Express Dual Port FC Adapter (df1000f114108a03) fcs1 Available 8Gb PCI Express Dual Port FC Adapter (df1000f114108a03) pager0 Available Pager Kernel Extension vasi0 Available Virtual Asynchronous Services Interface (VASI) vbsd0 Available Virtual Block Storage Device (VBSD) vhost0 Available Virtual SCSI Server Adapter vsa0 Available LPAR Virtual Serial Adapter __ 27. List only the virtual adapters and use grep to restrict it to only show the ones for Ethernet. You should see the virtual I/O Ethernet adapter. » Here is example output for this command: $ lsdev -virtual | grep -i ethernet ent2 Available Virtual I/O Ethernet Adapter (l-lan) __ 28. Using the lsdev command, check that the attribute media_speed of your physical Ethernet adapter matches the configuration of the physical switch, and set it to the new value if necessary. The AIX and VIOS default setting and the default of most switches is auto-negotiation. Ask your instructor if the switch is not using auto-negotiation and, if so, which values are configured. If the adapter is dual port, assume that the first port is the cabled port. Your instructor will inform you if that is not the case. » $ lsdev -dev ent0 -attr media_speed » Here is example output for this command: value Auto_Negotiation » Here is an example for changing the media speed for adapter ent0. DO NOT ACTUALLY CHANGE THE ATTRIBUTE UNLESS IT IS NECESSARY: $ chdev -dev ent0 -attr media_speed=100_Full_Duplex __ 29. For this step, make sure you are logged in to your VIO partition using a console terminal window from the HMC. Using the mkvdev command, create the SEA. Use the ent0 physical device, and the virtual Ethernet adapter. Use your student number © Copyright IBM Corp. 2009, 2013

Exercise 5. Virtual I/O Server and client partition configuration

Course materials may not be reproduced in whole or in part without the prior written permission of IBM.

5-17

Student Exercises with hints

as the VLAN ID. Use the -migrate and -auto flags of the mkvdev command to migrate the IP configuration from the physical Ethernet adapter to the generated SEA interface. This will generate an entX adapter (where X is the next numeric suffix in the series used for the Ethernet adapters) and the related interfaces, enX and etX. Be aware that you cannot configure an IP address on the interfaces related to either the physical Ethernet adapter or the virtual Ethernet adapter which are being used by the SEA. » The following example creates an SEA that maps the physical Ethernet adapter ent0 to the virtual Ethernet adapter ent2, using ent2 as the default adapter and 1 as the default VLAN ID. The IP configuration from the interface en0 is migrated to the interface en3 of the generated SEA. $ mkvdev -sea ent0 -vadapter ent2 -default ent2 -defaultid 1 -migrate -auto en0 changed ent3 Available en3 et3 en3 changed inet0 changed » In this example, the virtual Ethernet switch will use this SEA to bridge any traffic on VLAN ID 1 that needs to be sent to the physical network. __ 30. List the virtual adapters. You should see the SEA. Record its device name: » $ lsdev -virtual __ 31. Use the entstat command to list the Ethernet statistics of the SEA. » Use the command: entstat -all | more __ 32. Ping your HMC to test that your configuration worked. » Here is an example of the ping command and output. ping 10.6.140.40 2 PING 10.6.140.40: (10.6.140.40): 56 data bytes 64 bytes from 10.6.140.40: icmp_seq=0 ttl=255 time=0 ms 64 bytes from 10.6.140.40: icmp_seq=1 ttl=255 time=0 ms ----10.6.140.40 PING Statistics---2 packets transmitted, 2 packets received, 0% packet loss round-trip min/avg/max = 0/0/0 ms __ 33. Use the lstcpip command to display the routing table.

5-18 Power Virtualization I

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V7.0.2 Student Exercises with hints

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» Here is an example command. lstcpip -routtable

Topic 2 - Part 2: Configure a VSCSI disk on the virtual I/O server The purpose of this part is to create a VSCSI disk that will be used by a virtual I/O client partition. In the next part of this exercise you will create an LPAR that will use this VSCSI disk. __ 34. Log in to the Virtual I/O Server, and verify that the VSCSI server adapter is available. Also, using the lsmap command, check the mapping between physical, logical, and virtual devices. (There should not be any virtual target devices at this point.) » The two commands you need to use are lsdev -virtual to find the name of the VSCSI server adapter, and lsmap -all to see any physical devices mapped to the VSCSI server adapter. » Here is an example from the lsdev command output that shows the vhost0 adapter: $ lsdev -virtual | grep SCSI vhost0 Available Virtual SCSI Server Adapter » Here is example of the lsmap command output. $ lsmap -all SVSA Physloc Client Partition ID --------------- -------------------------------------------- -----------------vhost0 U8233.E8B.1084AER-V1-C12 0x00000000 VTD

NO VIRTUAL TARGET DEVICE FOUND

» Note the virtual adapter slot number that you defined when creating the VIOS partition. __ 35. Now check to see that you have available disks on your VIOS partition. The number of disk devices visible will depend on the specific configuration of the systems being used for the class. It is expected that you should see eight hdisk devices in the output of the lsdev command. For example: $ lsdev -type disk name hdisk0 hdisk1 hdisk2 hdisk3 hdisk4 hdisk5 hdisk6 hdisk7 © Copyright IBM Corp. 2009, 2013

status Available Available Available Available Available Available Available Available

description MPIO Other FC MPIO Other FC MPIO Other FC MPIO Other FC MPIO Other FC MPIO Other FC MPIO Other FC MPIO Other FC

SCSI SCSI SCSI SCSI SCSI SCSI SCSI SCSI

Disk Disk Disk Disk Disk Disk Disk Disk

Drive Drive Drive Drive Drive Drive Drive Drive

Exercise 5. Virtual I/O Server and client partition configuration

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5-19

Student Exercises with hints

Each VIOS partition should be configured with two non-shared LUNs. If eight disks are visible, this means there are six shared LUNs visible in the VIOS. In some environments, there may be twelve shared LUNs visible on each VIOS. __ 36. Now you must create a virtual target device that maps one FC SCSI physical disk to the VSCSI server adapter defined on your virtual I/O server. This virtual disk will be used for your AIX client LPAR operating system installation. One LUN of 10 GB size has been defined during the lab setup for each student, and these LUNs have been assigned to all Fibre Channel adapters of your managed system (shared LUNs). This configuration will be needed for the next lab exercise (dual VIO server environment with MPIO setup). Each student on a managed system will use one of these LUNs; this step and the information in Table 7 will determine the LUN assignment for each student. __ a. First, check which physical hdisk devices are of 10 GB size. Execute the following script from your Virtual I/O Server CLI; it displays disk size in MB: lsdev | grep hdisk | while read a b do print "$a \c" echo bootinfo -s $a | oem_setup_env done Here is an output example; hdisk1 to hdisk6 are 10 GB in size. hdisk0 hdisk1 hdisk2 hdisk3 hdisk4 hdisk5 hdisk6 hdisk7

30720 10240 10240 10240 10240 10240 10240 8192

__ b. Record the hdisk numbers reported as 10 GB in ascending order in the following table. For example, based on the previous command output, record hdisk1 in the first row, hdisk2 in the second row, and so forth, up to hdisk6 in the last row. Table 7: hdisk name for student allocation 10 GB size hdisk Student # name student 1 / student 7 student 2 / student 8 student 3 / student 9 student 4 / student 10 student 5 / student 11 student 6 / student 12

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V7.0.2 Student Exercises with hints

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__ c. Select from the table the hdisk that you will use as a backing device for your client partition; for example, based on the previous command output: • • • •

student1 uses hdisk1 student2 uses hdisk2 student3 uses hdisk3 and so on

The normal lab setup for this class has six students sharing a single managed system. When the class has twelve students, student 7 to student 12 are configured on a second managed system. Each managed system has a separate set of six shared LUNs, so the 10 GB devices visible to students 1 to 6 are separate from the set of devices visible to students 7 to 12. __ d. Run the following command: lsdev -dev hdisk# -attr | grep lun_id (where hdisk# is your selected disk), and write down the unique lun_id. lun_id: ________________________________________________________ » Here is an example of the command and output. $ lsdev -dev hdisk3 -attr | grep lun_id lun_id 0x3000000000000 Logical Unit Number ID False Note The hdisk name (hdiskX) is defined during the configuration sequence (cfgmgr), and the associated disk number is related to the configuration order. The configuration is done in order of increasing lun_id values of the LUNs assigned to the Fibre Channel adapter. You can run the following command: lsdev -dev hdisk# -attr | grep lun_id This will show you the unique lun_id for the related LUN.

__ 37. Modify the reserve_policy parameter of your 10 GB disk devices from single_path to no_reserve. These modifications are needed for the next exercises (MPIO setup in a dual VIOS environment), and cannot be performed when the disk is in use. Run the following command for this hdisk of 10 GB: $ chdev -dev -attr reserve_policy=no_reserve __ 38. Create the virtual target device using the following command: mkvdev -vdev hdiskY -vadapter vhost0 -dev lparX_vtd (where hdiskY is your hdisk number and X is your student number). » Here is an example mkvdev command. $ mkvdev -vdev hdisk2 -vadapter vhost0 -dev lpar2_vtd lpar2_vtd Available

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Exercise 5. Virtual I/O Server and client partition configuration

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5-21

Student Exercises with hints

__ 39. List your virtual adapter device mapping by using the lsmap command. View the output details, and check the lun_id in the physical location field. » Here is an example of the output from the lsmap command: $ lsmap -all SVSA Physloc Client Partition ID -------------- ----------------------------------------- -----------------vhost0 U8233.E8B.1084AER-V1-C12 0x00000000 VTD lpar1_vtd Status Available LUN 0x8100000000000000 Backing device hdisk1 Physloc U5877.001.RCH8623-P1-C6-T1-W500507680140B855-L1000000000000

» You can also the use lsmap -vadapter vhost0 command. __ 40. Use the lspv command to list the volume group information for the disks. Notice that no volume group information has been added to the hdisk being used as a backing device. » Here is an example lspv command and output. $ lspv NAME STATUS hdisk0 active hdisk1 hdisk2 hdisk3 hdisk4 hdisk5 hdisk6 hdisk7

PVID

VG

00f784aee0fd700a

rootvg

none none none none none none none

None None None None None None None

Remember that you must be careful before using disks of the VIO server for LVM operations. They might have no volume group information shown but are possibly being used as virtual disks for client LPARs. For example, running importvg -vg myvg hdisk1 on the VIOS CLI will destroy the rootvg of the corresponding client partition.

Topic 2 - Part 3: Create the client LPAR Now you will create an LPAR that will use a VSCSI disk and a virtual Ethernet adapter. No physical I/O resources will be allocated to the partition. __ 41. Create an AIX LPAR. For the LPAR name and the partition ID, refer to Table 8 on page 5-23. Check with your instructor whether you need to use a system prefix as 5-22 Power Virtualization I

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V7.0.2 Student Exercises with hints

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part of the LPAR name. For all other LPAR configuration parameters (partition profile name, processor settings, memory, and so on), refer to Table 9 on page 5-24. Skip the physical I/O, and add a virtual Ethernet adapter and a VCSI client adapter. Note Management can be simplified by keeping VSCSI adapter slot numbers consistent between the virtual I/O server and the client partition.

Match the VSCSI client adapter slot number to the slot number of the VSCSI server adapter (slot number is given in the table). Have this VSCSI client adapter connect to the VIOS partition's VSCSI server adapter. For example, you could map slot 12 on the VIOS partition to slot 12 on this AIX LPAR. Table 8: LPAR configuration Client LPAR Student number Client LPAR ID name First managed server Student 1 lpar1 21 Student 2 lpar2 22 Student 3 lpar3 23 Student 4 lpar4 24 Student 5 lpar5 25 Student 6 lpar6 26 Second managed server Student 7 lpar7 27 Student 8 lpar8 28 Student 9 lpar9 29 Student 10 lpar10 30 Student 11 lpar11 31 Student 12 lpar12 32

The following table shows all the parameters and values needed for the configuration of your AIX partition. You will use this information to fill in the corresponding fields of the Create LPAR Wizard. All the wizard steps are listed in the left column of the table.

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Exercise 5. Virtual I/O Server and client partition configuration

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5-23

Student Exercises with hints

Table 9: LPAR details Wizard step

Parameter or Action

Value Your student ID + 20 (see Table 8 above) lparX (X is your student ID) Normal

Partition ID Create Partition Partition name Partition Profile Processors Processing Settings

Memory Settings I/O

5-24 Power Virtualization I

Profile name Shared Minimum processing units Desired processing units Maximum processing units Shared Processor Pool Minimum virtual processors Desired virtual processors Maximum virtual processors Uncapped Weight

0.1 0.6 1.0 DefaultPool (0) 1 1 10 Yes (check box) 128

Minimum memory Desired memory Maximum memory Active Memory Expansion Skip this step, and click Next.

1 GB 2 GB 4 GB Not checked

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V7.0.2 Student Exercises with hints

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Wizard step

Parameter or Action Value Maximum virtual adapters 50 Actions -> Create Virtual Adapter -> Ethernet Adapter... Adapter ID 11 ETHERNET0 VSwitch (Default) Student number (for Port Virtual Ethernet example, student seven uses VLAN 7) This adapter is required for virtual Not checked server activation. IEEE 802.1q Not checked Use this adapter for Ethernet Not checked bridging Actions -> Create Virtual Adapter -> SCSI Adapter... Adapter ID 12 This adapter is required for Not checked partition activation. Server partition Select your VIOS Server adapter ID 12

Virtual Adapters

Logical Host Ethernet Adapters (LHEA) HCA Optional Settings Profile Summary

Skip this step. Skip this step. Boot modes

Normal

» On the HMC, select your managed system and choose Create Logical Partition > AIX or Linux on the Tasks menu.

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Exercise 5. Virtual I/O Server and client partition configuration

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5-25

Student Exercises with hints

» In the first wizard panel, enter the partition ID and the partition name from the LPAR configuration table.

» On the second panel, enter Normal as the profile name. » Create a shared processor type of LPAR using the processor settings specified in the instructions. » Configure the memory using the setting specified in the instructions. » Do not allocate any physical I/O devices, and skip the Physical I/O panel. » Set the 'maximum virtual adapters' to 50. » Create a virtual Ethernet adapter. Click Create Virtual Adapter > Ethernet Adapter... in the Actions menu. Use the same VLAN ID as your VIO server partition (VLAN ID is your student number). » Create a SCSI client adapter. Click Create Virtual Adapter > SCSI Adapter... in the Actions menu. Set the client slot number (Adapter field) to the slot number that you used for the VIOS partition's VSCSI server adapter (slot number 12 as referred to in Table 9).

5-26 Power Virtualization I

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V7.0.2 Student Exercises with hints

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» Select your VIOS partition in the Server partition field, and specify the VSCSI server adapter slot number in the Server adapter ID field. Click OK > Next. » Here is an example of this screen.

» If you are not certain which virtual server SCSI adapter to use here, click System VIOS Info to access the Virtual I/O Server Information window, and select a virtual server SCSI adapter from here. Click OK to return to the previous pop-up window. » Here is an example of this screen.

» Skip the Logical Host Ethernet Adapters (LHEA) step. Click Next. » Skip the HCA step. Click Next. » Skip the Optional Settings step, and click Finish on the Profile Summary panel. __ 42. Before activating the client LPAR, modify the VSCSI server adapter configuration on your virtual I/O server so that it allows only the one client partition and has the proper client slot number. » Click your managed system name and select your Virtual I/O Server partition in the work area. Using the Task pad or the Context menu, click Configuration > Manage Profiles. Select your Normal profile; then select Edit in the Actions menu.

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Exercise 5. Virtual I/O Server and client partition configuration

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5-27

Student Exercises with hints

» On the Virtual Adapters tab, in the listing of the virtual adapters, select the server SCSI adapter you created, and click Actions > Edit. » Click Only selected client partition can connect. » Use the menu to choose the name of your client partition, such as lpar1. » For the client adapter ID, enter the slot number that was created for the virtual client SCSI adapter. In the following example, slot 12 was entered:

» Click OK and OK again to modify this adapter in the profile and close the profile properties window.

Topic 2 - Part 4: Install the client LPAR operating system You will now install your AIX client partition using a NIM environment. __ 43. The NIM resources for client installation should have already been allocated on the NIM master. Ask your instructor for confirmation. __ 44. You need an IP address for the AIX virtual partition, and you need to know the NIM server IP address for the network boot operation. You already recorded this information in Table 6 on page 5-9 when installing the VIOS. Ask your instructor if you fail to find it, and enter them again in the following table. Table 10: IP addresses for installation of your AIX virtual partition NIM server IP address Netmask Gateway address (not necessary if server and client are defined on the same network) AIX client IP address The following instructions walk you through the network boot using SMS.

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V7.0.2 Student Exercises with hints

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Note For your information, you can also activate your partition using the lpar_netboot command from the HMC command-line interface. This HMC command instructs a partition to boot from the network or retrieves MAC address and physical location code from network adapters for a partition. It could be useful for operation automation and scripting.

The lpar_netboot command requires arguments for IP addresses, partition name, partition profile, name of the managed system that has the partition, and other network parameters. Look at the following example of the lpar_netboot usage for partition installation, and view the corresponding arguments: lpar_netboot -v -f -D -i -t ent -T off -s speed -d duplex -S nimserver_ip -C lpar_ip -G gateway_ip -K subnet_mask lpar_name profile_name managed_system_name -v Verbose output -f Force close virtual terminal session -D Perform a server ping, and use successful test adapter -i Force immediate shutdown -t Specifies network type ent -T Enable or disable spanning tree -s Network adapter speed:auto for a Virtual Eth Adapter -d Network adapter duplex:auto for a Virtual Eth Adapter -S Server IP address: Refer to the table above -C Client IP address: Refer to the table above -G Gateway IP address: Refer to the table above -K Subnet mask Here is an example from the lpar_netboot command. lpar_netboot -v -f -D -i -t ent -T off -s auto -d auto -S \ 10.6.140.35 -C 10.6.140.53 -G 10.6.140.254 -K 255.255.255.0 \ sys464_lpar2 Normal sys464 When the execution of the lpar_netboot command is completed, go to the HMC GUI, select your LPAR, and open a console window. Interact with the AIX menus to complete the installation. If you have installed your AIX LPAR using the HMC lpar_netboot command, skip to Step 58 on page 5-31. If you want to use SMS to initiate the network boot and install of your LPAR, continue with the next step. __ 45. Activate your partition using SMS boot mode. Open the virtual console terminal window. __ 46. Interact with the SMS menus. Choose the Setup Remote IPL (Initial Program Load) menu option, and select the network adapter device. You should see the © Copyright IBM Corp. 2009, 2013

Exercise 5. Virtual I/O Server and client partition configuration

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5-29

Student Exercises with hints

virtual Ethernet adapter. Type 1 and press Enter to select the virtual Ethernet adapter. __ 47. Select the IP Protocol Version of IPv4; then select the Network Service of BOOTP. __ 48. On the Network Parameters panel, select 1 IP Parameters. __ 49. In the next screen (IP Parameters), there are four options. Type the number of the option you want to alter. For example, press 1 and then Enter to alter the Client IP address. Type the value, and then press Enter. For the values to enter, refer to the information recorded in Table 10 on page 5-28. If uncertain, ask your instructor for help. __ a. Type your AIX partition's IP address for the client IP address. __ b. Type the NIM server's IP address for the server IP address. __ c. Type the gateway IP address. This field is not required if both client and server are defined on the same subnet. __ d. Type the subnet mask. When done, press the Esc key to go to the Network Parameters menu. Press 2 to select 2 Adapter Configuration. Disable the spanning tree (if it is not already disabled). Press 2 and then 2 again to disable. Note that the name of the option is Spanning Tree Enabled. (This is always the option name regardless of whether it is enabled.) Press Esc to go back to the Network Parameters menu. __ 50. Press 3 to select 3 Ping Test. Press 1 to execute the ping test. Wait a few seconds, and Ping Success should display if the ping test succeeded. Press any key to return to the Ping Test screen. Talk to your instructor if you have a ping failure and are uncertain why the ping test failed. __ 51. Press Esc to escape the Ping Test screen, and press M to go back to the Main Menu; then select 5 Select Boot Options. __ 52. Specify the virtual Ethernet adapter to be the boot device. Press 1 to select 1 Select Install/Boot Device. Select 6 Network, 1 BOOTP, and then 1 to select the virtual Ethernet adapter. Press 2 for Normal Mode Boot; then select 1 Yes when asked Are you sure you want to edit System Management Services? to exit SMS and do a normal mode boot. __ 53. You will see the network boot output in the window. Eventually, you will see the AIX installation process. Respond as you normally would to select the system console and language. __ 54. Your terminal screen should display the Installation and Maintenance screen. Type 2 and press Enter to select Change/Show Installation Settings and Install.

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V7.0.2 Student Exercises with hints

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__ 55. Press 1 and Enter to select disks where you want to install (hdisk0). Verify that you have a 10 GB disk to use as the AIX partitions rootvg. You should only have one disk to choose from. This is the virtual disk being served from your VIO server. __ 56. Accept this disk by pressing 0 to continue with choices listed above. __ 57. You should be back at the System Backup Installation and Settings panel. Start the installation by selecting 0 to continue with the choices. Depending on your environment, the install might take as little as five to ten minutes. __ 58. When the client partition is booted, log in using root. __ 59. Using the lsdev command, list the disk device. » To list the disk devices, use lsdev -Cc disk. » Output should now list Virtual SCSI Disk Drive. Here is an example output; notice the hdisk0 description. # lsdev -Cc disk hdisk0 Available

Virtual SCSI Disk Drive

__ 60. Use AIX commands to examine what adapters and devices are being used by this system. You should see that the VSCSI adapter and disk plus the virtual Ethernet adapter are in use. The corresponding interface will likely have been configured during OS installation. » Following are some examples of the commands you might use. lsslot -c pci lsdev -Cc adapter lscfg | grep disk ifconfig -a __ 61. Let your instructor know when you have completed the exercise topic.

End of exercise

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Exercise 5. Virtual I/O Server and client partition configuration

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5-31

Student Exercises with hints

5-32 Power Virtualization I

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V7.0.2 Student Exercises with hints

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Exercise 6. SEA failover setup (with hints)

What this exercise is about This exercise provides experience with configuring high availability in a virtual Ethernet environment. Students will implement a dual Virtual I/O Server configuration with an SEA failover configuration.

What you should be able to do At the end of this exercise, you should be able to: • Implement a highly available network configuration using the SEA failover feature and test the failover mechanism • Configure the virtual I/O server IP address on an additional virtual Ethernet adapter

Introduction By the end of this exercise, the students will have implemented an SEA failover feature in a dual VIO server environment. Students will test the failover mechanism.

Requirements • This workbook. • A workstation with a web browser and Internet connectivity for accessing the HMC and the partitions. • An IBM POWER7 processor-based system.

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Exercise 6. SEA failover setup

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6-1

Student Exercises with hints

Exercise instructions with hints Preface • The exercises depend on the availability of specific equipment in your classroom. • All exercises for this unit depend on the availability of specific equipment in your lab and at your desk. You will need: - A managed system is required, configured with two virtual I/O servers running Version 2.1.3.10-FP23, and two AIX 7.1 client partitions installed. - Each client partition must have rootvg installed on a VSCSI disk. - Each client partition must have a virtual Ethernet adapter bridged by an SEA on the VIO server. - A system is required from which to execute remote commands to the HMC (by way of SSH) • Hints are provided for the exercises in case you need them and to provide solutions for the exercise steps. All hints are marked by a » sign.

Introduction The following diagram represents the network configuration that each team will have set up at the end of Part 3 of this exercise. The Ethernet adapter names shown in the diagram

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Power Virtualization I

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V7.0.2 Student Exercises with hints

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could be different in your system configuration. Additional physical or virtual adapters would cause different adapter numbering as well.

At the beginning of this exercise, each student should have an assigned virtual I/O server and client LPAR installed. An SEA is already defined and bridges a unique VLAN. The bridged VLAN ID depends on the student number. Important An SEA implementation must be done carefully to avoid any problem in the network. For example, mismatching SEA and SEA failover configuration or configuring control channel adapters in different VLANs can lead to an ARP storm in the physical switches that will completely flood your network. Here are the requirements for configuring the SEA failover feature.

• One SEA on one VIO server acts as the primary (active) adapter, and the second SEA on the second VIOS acts as a backup (standby) adapter. • Each SEA will have one virtual Ethernet adapter with the Use this adapter for Ethernet bridging flag (previously known as the Access external network flag, or trunk flag) checked.

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Exercise 6. SEA failover setup

Course materials may not be reproduced in whole or in part without the prior written permission of IBM.

6-3

Student Exercises with hints

- This adapter on both the SEAs must have the same PVID, but will have a different priority value. If additional IEEE 802.1q VLAN IDs are defined for the adapter, they must be the same on both VIO servers. - The priority value defines which of the two SEAs will be the primary and which will be the backup. The lower the numerical priority value, the higher the importance, for example an adapter with priority value one will have the highest importance. • An additional virtual Ethernet adapter, which belongs to a unique VLAN on the system, is used to create the control channel between the SEAs and must be specified in each SEA when configured in ha_mode. - The purpose of this control channel is to communicate between the two SEA adapters to determine when a failover should take place. In order to set up the SEA failover feature, two virtual I/O servers must be used, and each SEA in these VIO servers must bridge the same VLAN. You need to plan this SEA configuration as a team of two students. Your actual VLAN configuration needs to be changed to match the VLAN IDs referenced in Table 11 below. This table must be your reference when setting up the SEA. Table 11: Team numbers and VLAN IDs Team # Students # Primary VIOS trunk priority 1 Team 1

Student1 vios1 Student2 Team 2 Student3 vios3 Student4 Team 3 Student5 vios5 Student6 Team 4 Student7 vios7 Student8 Team 5 Student9 vios9 Student10 Team 6 Student11 vios11 Student12 The exercise is presented in three parts.

Secondary Bridging Control VIOS VLAN ID channel trunk priority 2 VLAN ID vios2 10 19 vios4

20

29

vios6

30

39

vios8

40

49

vios10

50

59

vios12

60

69

• Part 1: Setting the virtual Ethernet adapters and trunk priorities. In this part, you will work alone on your assigned VIO server. You will remove your existing SEA configuration and then modify your virtual Ethernet adapter VLAN ID and set the trunk priority. You will configure an additional virtual Ethernet adapter for the SEA control channel. • Part 2: Create the SEA failover feature

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Power Virtualization I

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V7.0.2 Student Exercises with hints

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In this part, you will synchronize with your teammate to create the SEA device on your assigned VIO server. • Part 3: Testing the SEA failover feature You will work as a team to shut down some components in the configuration and check whether the failover occurs. • Part 4: This is an optional exercise where you set the VIO IP address on an additional virtual Ethernet adapter.

Part 1: Setting the virtual Ethernet adapters and trunk priority At this point, the SEAs defined on your team's virtual I/O servers do not bridge the same VLAN ID. Your existing SEA must be removed in order to modify your virtual Ethernet adapter VLAN ID configuration. In part one, you work alone on your assigned virtual I/O server. __ 1. Your client LPAR must be shut down before performing these steps. Open a virtual terminal or a Telnet session on your assigned AIX client LPAR, and perform a shutdown. » Run the shutdown -F command. __ 2. Open a console terminal window on your assigned Virtual I/O server and record the IP address, host name, network mask, default gateway, and configured DNS server IP address. Record the information here. Host name: _______________________________________________________ IP address: _______________________________________________________ Netmask: _________________________________________________________ Default gateway: ___________________________________________________ DNS server IP address: _____________________________________________ __ 3. Before removing the SEA configuration from your assigned VIO server, you must remove the IP address on its interface. In your virtual I/O server partition's console session, use the lsdev command to find out the SEA name. Write down the adapter name here: _______________ » Run the lsdev command. You should see the SEA name ent3 (if you have followed the steps in the previous exercises). $ lsdev -virtual | grep Shared ent3 Available Shared Ethernet Adapter __ 4. In your virtual I/O server partition's console session, use the rmtcpip -interface command to remove the virtual I/O server TCP/IP configuration. Specify the interface name of your SEA.

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Exercise 6. SEA failover setup

Course materials may not be reproduced in whole or in part without the prior written permission of IBM.

6-5

Student Exercises with hints

» Run the command: $ rmtcpip -interface en3 Parameters to be reset: Host name: No Name server: No Effective immediately: Yes Routing: No Answer y to Are you sure? __ 5. In your Virtual I/O Server partition's console session, use the rmdev command to remove the existing SEA, and its associated interface devices. Use the SEA adapter name you wrote down in Step 3. » If the SEA device is ent3, then run the following command sequence: $ rmdev -dev ent3 $ rmdev -dev en3 $ rmdev -dev et3 __ 6. Edit your assigned VIO server's Normal profile and modify the virtual Ethernet adapter to use the new virtual LAN ID and priority value determined from Table 11. Set the Trunk priority value according to your Virtual I/O Server function (primary or secondary). Keep the Access external network flag checked. » Select your assigned VIO server and then run the Configuration > Manage Profiles task. » Select the Normal profile, and use the Edit option on the Actions menu to edit the profile.

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V7.0.2 Student Exercises with hints

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» On the Virtual Adapters tab, select the virtual Ethernet adapter (the adapter ID should be 11), and use the Edit option on the Actions menu to edit the Ethernet adapter properties.

» In the Virtual Ethernet Adapter Properties window, change the VLANID (Port Virtual Ethernet) to the value specified in Table 11. Set the Trunk priority to the correct value. (If your Virtual I/O Server is primary, then the Trunk priority is 1. If your Virtual I/O Server is secondary, the Trunk priority is 2.) Keep the Access external network check box selected. » Do not close the Logical Partition Profile Properties window yet. __ 7. Create an additional virtual Ethernet adapter. This adapter must belong to a unique VLAN on the system. It will be used as a control channel between the two SEAs to determine when a failover should take place. Use the Adapter ID 13 and set the VLAN ID as specified in Table 11 on page 6-4. Be sure to use the default VSwitch ETHERNET0(Default). » On the Virtual Adapters tab, use the Create Virtual Adapter > Ethernet Adapter... option on the Actions menu to create a virtual adapter.

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Exercise 6. SEA failover setup

Course materials may not be reproduced in whole or in part without the prior written permission of IBM.

6-7

Student Exercises with hints

» When the Create Virtual Ethernet Adapter window opens, set the Adapter ID and VLAN ID as specified in Table 11 on page 6-4. Do not check the Use this adapter for Ethernet bridging check box. Here is an example for vios1:

» Click OK to save the profile changes; then close the Profile Properties window. __ 8. Shut down your assigned VIO server. In your virtual I/O server partition's console session, run the shutdown -force command. When shut down, use the HMC to activate it using the Normal profile. » To activate the Virtual I/O Server, select your assigned VIO server and the Operations > Activate > Profile task. » Select the Normal profile; then click OK. __ 9. When activated, open a virtual terminal on your assigned Virtual I/O Server, and run the lsdev -virtual | grep ent command. You should see two virtual Ethernet adapters. If not, do not proceed. Check your partition profile. » Here is an example command and its output, which shows ent2 and ent3. The Ethernet adapters might have different names in your environment. $ lsdev -virtual | grep ent ent2 Available Virtual I/O Ethernet Adapter (l-lan) ent3 Available Virtual I/O Ethernet Adapter (l-lan) __ 10. In order to be sure that you use the proper virtual Ethernet device names when creating the SEA, run the entstat -all entX | grep VLAN command (where X is the adapter number) in your VIO server partition's console session to check the VLAN ID of each virtual Ethernet adapter. Record which virtual adapter will be used for bridging your VLAN and which one will be used as the control channel adapter. Virtual adapter to use for creating the SEA: _______________________________ 6-8

Power Virtualization I

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V7.0.2 Student Exercises with hints

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Virtual adapter to use as control channel: ________________________________ If your VLAN IDs do not match with the values in Table 11 on page 6-4, do not proceed. Check your VIO server profile configuration. » Here is an example command and its output, which shows the VLAN IDs for the ent2 and ent3 devices. In this example, ent2 will be used as the virtual Ethernet adapter for creating the SEA, and ent3 will be used as the control channel adapter. $ entstat -all ent2 | grep VLAN Invalid VLAN ID Packets: 0 Port VLAN ID: 10 VLAN Tag IDs: None $ entstat -all ent3 | grep VLAN Invalid VLAN ID Packets: 0 Port VLAN ID: 19 VLAN Tag IDs: None __ 11. Use the entstat -all entX | grep Switch command to check that both virtual Ethernet adapters are using the default virtual switch ID ETHERNET0. If not, do not proceed. Check your VIO server profile configuration. » Here is an example command and its output, which shows ent2 and ent3 using the switch ID ETHERNET0. $ entstat -all ent2 | grep Switch Switch ID: ETHERNET0 $ entstat -all ent3 | grep Switch Switch ID: ETHERNET0 __ 12. Modify your client LPAR VLAN ID. Edit your assigned LPAR's Normal profile, and modify the virtual Ethernet adapter to use the new virtual LAN ID value. Refer to Table 11 on page 6-4 for VLAN ID. Do not check the Access external network flag. » Select your assigned LPAR and the Configuration > Manage Profiles task. » Select the Normal profile, and use the Edit option on the Actions menu to edit the profile.

© Copyright IBM Corp. 2009, 2013

Exercise 6. SEA failover setup

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6-9

Student Exercises with hints

» On the Virtual Adapters tab, select the virtual Ethernet adapter (the adapter ID should be 11), and use the Edit option on the Actions menu to edit the Ethernet adapter properties.

» In the Virtual Ethernet Adapter Properties window, change the VLANID to the value specified in Table 11. Do not check the Use this adapter for Ethernet bridging flag. Here is an example with lpar1:

» Select OK to save the profile; then close the Properties window. 6-10 Power Virtualization I

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V7.0.2 Student Exercises with hints

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__ 13. Activate your client LPAR using the Normal profile. When up and running, open a virtual console and run an entstat command to check the VLAN ID of your virtual Ethernet adapter. The value should reflect your change. » Run the following command to see the VLAN ID of the virtual Ethernet adapter on your client partition. Here is an example with VLAN 30 on lpar3: $ entstat -d ent0 | grep "Port VLAN ID" Port VLAN ID: 30

© Copyright IBM Corp. 2009, 2013

Exercise 6. SEA failover setup

Course materials may not be reproduced in whole or in part without the prior written permission of IBM.

6-11

Student Exercises with hints

Part 2: Create the SEA failover feature Please read this before proceeding: Mismatching SEA and SEA failover could cause broadcast storms to occur and affect the stability of the network. When creating the SEA failover, it is imperative that: • The control channel adapters on both VIO servers must be defined on the same VLAN. If not, when creating the SEA failover, an ARP storm can flood your network. • When creating the SEA using the mkvdev command, you specify the control channel (ctl_chan) attribute and the high availability mode (ha_mode) attribute in the command. • On a completely new installation, you first define the primary SEA on one VIO server, and then the secondary SEA on the other VIO server. Ask your instructor to verify the control channel and virtual adapters configuration before performing the SEA creation. __ 14. Check with your teammate that the virtual Ethernet adapters have been created with the correct VLAN IDs and are using the default switch ID ETHERNET0. If not, do not proceed. Fix the problem before creating the SEA failover configuration. __ 15. If your assigned VIO is primary, create your SEA first. If your assigned VIOS is the secondary, wait for your team partner to indicate that they have created the primary SEA before proceeding with the remainder of this step. In your virtual I/O server partition's console session, run the mkvdev command that will create the SEA. Use the proper device names for the physical adapter (it should be ent0), the virtual Ethernet adapter (used for bridging your VLAN), and the control channel adapter. Use the adapter numbers you recorded previously in Step 10 on page 6-8. Set the ha_mode flag to auto. Here is an example command to create the SEA using the ent0 physical adapter, ent2 virtual adapter for bridging, and the ent3 control channel adapter (the ha_mode is set to auto). Remember to specify the correct default VLAN ID value. $ mkvdev -sea ent0 -vadapter ent2 -default ent2 -defaultid 30 -attr ctl_chan=ent3 ha_mode=auto The command should print out that a new device is available, for example: ent4 Available en4 et4 If you just created the SEA for the primary VIO, inform your team partner to proceed with creating the secondary SEA before you continue with the next step. __ 16. Use the lstcpip command to list out all available Ethernet devices and verify that a new SEA device was created.

6-12 Power Virtualization I

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V7.0.2 Student Exercises with hints

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» Example command and output: $ lstcpip -adapters Ethernet adapters: ent0 Available 00-00 2-Port 10/100/1000 Base-TX PCI-Express Adapter (14104003) ent1 Available 00-01 2-Port 10/100/1000 Base-TX PCI-Express Adapter (14104003) ent2 Available Virtual I/O Ethernet Adapter (l-lan) ent3 Available Virtual I/O Ethernet Adapter (l-lan) ent4 Available Shared Ethernet Adapter » Alternatively, the lsdev | grep ent command could have been used to get this information. __ 17. Verify the SEA configuration using the lsmap command. Notice that in this output, it is expected that ent2 is the Virtual Ethernet bridge adapter, ent0 is the physical Ethernet adapter and ent3 is the control channel. » You should see the following if you issue the lsmap -all -net command: $ lsmap -all -net SVEA Physloc ------ -------------------------------------------ent2 U8233.E8B.1084AER-V1-C11-T1 SEA Backing device Status Physloc

ent4 ent0 Available U5877.001.RCH8623-P1-C4-T1

SVEA Physloc ------ -------------------------------------------ent3 U8233.E8B.1084AER-V1-C13-T1 SEA

NO SHARED ETHERNET ADAPTER FOUND

__ 18. Run the entstat -all (replace ent# by your SEA name) command and check for the following parameters: • The state of the SEA adapter (primary or backup). » Example command and output if your VIO is primary: $ entstat -all ent4 | grep "^ *State" State: PRIMARY » Example command and output if your VIO is backup: $ entstat -all ent4 | grep "^ *State" State: BACKUP © Copyright IBM Corp. 2009, 2013

Exercise 6. SEA failover setup

Course materials may not be reproduced in whole or in part without the prior written permission of IBM.

6-13

Student Exercises with hints

• The trunk adapter priority value and whether the adapter is active. » Example command and output if your VIO is Primary. $ entstat -all ent4 | grep Priority Priority:1 Priority:1 Active: True » Example command and output if your VIO is Backup: $ entstat -all ent4 | grep Priority Priority:2 Priority:2 Active: False • The control channel adapter name and its PVID. » Example command and output: $ entstat -all ent4 | grep "Control Channel" Control Channel PVID: 19 Control Channel Adapter: ent3 » Some more SEA attributes can be seen using the lsdev command. You should see the following information if you run the lsdev -dev ent4 -attr command: $ lsdev -dev ent4 -attr $ lsdev -dev ent4 -attr attribute value description user_settable accounting disabled Enable per-client accounting of network statistics True ctl_chan ent3 Control Channel adapter for SEA failover True gvrp no Enable GARP VLAN Registration Protocol (GVRP) True ha_mode auto High Availability Mode True jumbo_frames no Enable Gigabit Ethernet Jumbo Frames True large_receive no Enable receive TCP segment aggregation True largesend 0 Enable Hardware Transmit TCP Resegmentation True netaddr 0 Address to ping True pvid 10 PVID to use for the SEA device True pvid_adapter ent2 Default virtual adapter to use for non-VLAN-tagged packets True qos_mode disabled N/A True real_adapter ent0 Physical adapter associated with the SEA True thread 1 Thread mode enabled (1) or disabled (0) True virt_adapters ent2 List of virtual adapters associated with the SEA (comma separated) True

__ 19. The SEA state can also be checked in the error log. Run the errlog command, and check for an entry with the description BECOME PRIMARY or BECOME BACKUP, depending if your virtual I/O server is primary or backup. List the detailed information of these entries.

6-14 Power Virtualization I

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V7.0.2 Student Exercises with hints

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» You should see an entry in the error log similar to the following when you issue the errlog command on the primary VIO server: $ errlog -ls -------------------------------------------------LABEL: SEAHA_PRIMARY IDENTIFIER: E136EAFA Date/Time: Sequence Number: Machine Id: Node Id: Class: Type: WPAR: Resource Name: Resource Class: Resource Type: Location:

Tue Jan 8 05:05:43 CET 2013 63 00F015B34C00 sys464_vios1 H INFO Global ent4 adapter sea

Description BECOME PRIMARY Probable Causes BECOME PRIMARY Failure Causes BECOME PRIMARY Recommended Actions BECOME PRIMARY Detail Data Become the Primary SEA

© Copyright IBM Corp. 2009, 2013

Exercise 6. SEA failover setup

Course materials may not be reproduced in whole or in part without the prior written permission of IBM.

6-15

Student Exercises with hints

» You should see an entry in the error log similar to the following when you issue the errlog command on the secondary VIO server: $ errlog -ls --------------------------------------------------LABEL: SEAHA_BACKUP IDENTIFIER: 40D97644 Date/Time: Sequence Number: Machine Id: Node Id: Class: Type: WPAR: Resource Name: Resource Class: Resource Type: Location:

Tue Jan 8 05:24:08 CET 2013 70 00F015B34C00 sys464_vios2 H INFO Global ent4 adapter sea

Description BECOME BACKUP Probable Causes BECOME BACKUP Failure Causes BECOME BACKUP Recommended Actions BECOME BACKUP Detail Data Become the Backup SEA __ 20. Configure the shared Ethernet interface with the IP address, host name, network mask, default gateway, and DNS server IP address (if any) that you recorded in Step 2 on page 6-5 of this exercise. You can use the mktcpip command or the cfgassist command to launch the SMIT menu. Here is the syntax for the mktcpip command for the options you need to use: mktcpip -interface Interface -hostname Hostname -inetaddr IPaddress \ [ -start ] [ -netmask nmask ] [ -gateway gway ] \ [ -nsrvaddr NameServerAddr [ -nsrvdomain Domain ] ] » Substitute the appropriate configuration information recorded earlier.

6-16 Power Virtualization I

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V7.0.2 Student Exercises with hints

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__ 21. Using the HMC GUI, you can have a graphical view of the overall network configuration on your managed system. Select your managed system in the navigation area; then select Configuration > Virtual Resources > Virtual Network Management.

» Select your managed system and then Configuration > Virtual Resources > Virtual Network Management. In the example shown below, the VLAN IDs 3, 5, and 10 are bridged, and you can see the name of the VIO partition and physical adapter name configured in the SEA performing the bridging. The VLAN 10 is bridged by two physical adapters. The two physical adapters are listed in the order of their trunk priority. This window is a global view of the system VLAN configuration for the selected VSwitch. In the example, the default ETHERNET0 VSwitch is selected. If you create another VSwitch, you will be able to select it and check its VLAN configuration.

© Copyright IBM Corp. 2009, 2013

Exercise 6. SEA failover setup

Course materials may not be reproduced in whole or in part without the prior written permission of IBM.

6-17

Student Exercises with hints

» Only partitions with an available IP address that can be reached by the HMC are listed in the window.

__ 22. When the Virtual Network Management window opens, select your VLAN ID by clicking the radio button next to it. A detailed view of the SEAs and the partitions should be displayed. Check that both of your team's Virtual I/O Servers are listed with their associated SEA and priority value. » Select your managed system and then Configuration > Virtual Resources> Virtual Network Management. A window should appear like the one shown below. In this example, once VLAN ID 10 is selected in the VLANs table, the additional details are displayed. The additional details consists of two tables. The first table lists the names of the LPARs that are currently active on the selected VLAN, along with information (device name and virtual slot number) of the virtual adapter connected to the VLAN. The second table shows details of any Shared Ethernet Adapters configured on the selected VLAN, including information on the

6-18 Power Virtualization I

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V7.0.2 Student Exercises with hints

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physical adapter (including location code), trunk priority, and the name of the VIO partition that owns the adapter.

Part 3: Testing the SEA failover In this part of the exercise, you will initiate an SEA failover in two different ways: • By manually changing the SEA ha_mode parameter from auto to standby on the VIOS with the primary adapter (priority 1); changing the ha_mode must always be performed from the VIO with the adapter having the highest priority. • By manually shutting down the primary VIOS. In this case, the backup SEA will detect that the heartbeat messages are no longer received over the control channel adapter, and a failover will be initiated. Testing the SEA failover means that you must work as a team with your teammate. __ 23. Open a Telnet session or a virtual terminal console on your client LPARs, and start a ping to your HMC IP address. Leave the ping running for the rest of the exercise to verify that you have continuous connectivity. __ 24. Open a console window on the VIO server with the primary adapter (the SEA with trunk priority one. Run the chdev command to switch to the standby adapter. Change the ha_mode from auto to standby. Check for the ping command running in your client LPARs. You might experience (in the ping output) up to a 30-second delay in failover when using SEA failover. The behavior depends on the physical network switch and the spanning tree settings.

© Copyright IBM Corp. 2009, 2013

Exercise 6. SEA failover setup

Course materials may not be reproduced in whole or in part without the prior written permission of IBM.

6-19

Student Exercises with hints

» Issue the chdev command to change the ha_mode attribute. (Your SEA name might be different in your configuration.) $ chdev -dev ent4 -attr ha_mode=standby ent4 changed __ 25. Use the entstat command to check whether the failover was successful. In your VIO server partition with the primary adapter's console session, the status should have changed from PRIMARY to BACKUP. Perform the checking in the other VIO server; the status should have changed from BACKUP to PRIMARY. » You should see the following if you issue the entstat command on the VIO server with the trunk priority of one (your SEA name might be different in your configuration): $ entstat -all ent4 | grep "^ *State" State: BACKUP » You should see the following if you issue the entstat command on the VIO server with the trunk priority of two (your SEA name might be different in your configuration): $ entstat -all ent4 | grep "^ *State" State: PRIMARY » Optionally, you can check the active status of the trunk adapter. You should see the following information when running the entstat command on the VIO server with the trunk priority one: $ entstat -all ent4 | grep Active Priority: 1 Active: False » You should see the following information when running the entstat command on the VIO server with the trunk priority two: $ entstat -all ent4 | grep Active Priority: 2 Active: True __ 26. Check in the error log for a new entry that shows the status change. You should notice the entry BECOME BACKUP. » You should see the following if you issue the errlog command on the VIO server with the trunk priority one: IDENTIFIER TIMESTAMP T C RESOURCE_NAME DESCRIPTION 40D97644 0108172713 I H ent4 BECOME BACKUP » You should see the following if you issue the errlog command on the VIO server with the trunk priority two: IDENTIFIER TIMESTAMP T C RESOURCE_NAME DESCRIPTION E136EAFA 0108172713 I H ent4 BECOME PRIMARY

6-20 Power Virtualization I

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V7.0.2 Student Exercises with hints

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__ 27. Change the ha_mode back from standby to auto. Use the entstat command to check whether the fallback is successful. Check for the ping command running in your client LPARs. Note that you might experience up to 30 seconds of delay in fallback when using SEA failover. The behavior depends on the physical network switch and the spanning tree settings. » $ chdev -dev ent4 -attr ha_mode=auto ent4 changed __ 28. Test the SEA failover by performing a shutdown of the VIO server with the primary trunk adapter. Be sure to first shut down the client LPAR that has a VSCSI disk served by this VIO server. Wait for the AIX LPAR to have a state of Not Activated in the HMC interface before shutting down the VIO server. » Open a virtual console on the client LPAR and run the shutdown command. # shutdown -F » Open a virtual console on the VIO server and run the shutdown command. $ shutdown -force __ 29. On the running VIO server, use the entstat command (entstat -all | grep -i state) to check whether the SEA has failed over to the standby adapter. __ 30. Activate the VIO server that was previously shut down. When the VIO server has booted, login as padmin and use the entstat command to check whether the SEA has failed back to the primary adapter. » After a reactivation of the VIO server, the SEA always fails back to the VIO with the primary adapter. __ 31. Activate the client LPAR that was previously shut down. __ 32. That is the end of part three of the exercise. Notify your instructor that you are finished. The next part is an optional exercise.

© Copyright IBM Corp. 2009, 2013

Exercise 6. SEA failover setup

Course materials may not be reproduced in whole or in part without the prior written permission of IBM.

6-21

Student Exercises with hints

Part 4: (Optional) Setting the VIO server IP address on an additional virtual Ethernet adapter Note Setting an IP address on the SEA interface is the more common approach when you decide to configure TCP/IP on the VIO server. If you use the SEA remote address to ping feature, you need to set an IP address on the SEA interface; however, there are some cases where configuring an IP address on the SEA interface is not recommended, for example, with some installation specific situations that require optimum virtual Ethernet performance. Another reason is when performing LPAR mobility in a dual VIO environment.

Defining an additional virtual Ethernet adapter to carry the IP address is the solution. This has the advantage of providing IP configuration flexibility. In a dual VIO server configuration with the SEA failover setup, you could remove the one SEA configuration without losing network access to the VIO server. In part 4 of this exercise, you will configure an additional virtual adapter and set the VIO server IP address on its interface. The following diagram helps you identify your configuration at the end of part 4:

6-22 Power Virtualization I

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V7.0.2 Student Exercises with hints

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__ 33. Use the HMC to dynamically create an additional virtual Ethernet adapter on your assigned VIO server. Use the adapter ID 14, and use the same VLAN ID that you used in part one of the exercise when you configured your SEA failover. Refer to Table 11 on page 6-4 if needed. » Go to the Server Management application on the HMC. » Select your assigned VIO server, and use the Dynamic Logical Partitioning > Virtual Adapters task. » On the Actions menu, select Create Virtual Adapter > Ethernet Adapter...

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Exercise 6. SEA failover setup

Course materials may not be reproduced in whole or in part without the prior written permission of IBM.

6-23

Student Exercises with hints

» In the screen that pops up, set the correct VLAN ID, and then click OK. Here is an example screen on vios4 (verify that the VSwitch field is set to ETHERNET0 (Default) value):

» Your Virtual Adapters dialog should now look like this:

» Click OK. The dynamic operation should succeed. __ 34. Make the dynamic change on your assigned VIO server persistent across reactivations of the partition by saving the current configuration and overwriting the existing Normal profile. » Select your assigned VIO server, and open the Configuration > Save Current Configuration task.

6-24 Power Virtualization I

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V7.0.2 Student Exercises with hints

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» Select the option Overwrite existing profile, and make sure that Normal is the selected profile. Click OK to save the changes, then click Yes to confirm that you want to overwrite the existing profile. __ 35. Since you added the virtual Ethernet adapter dynamically, you must run a cfgdev command to have the VIO recognize the new device; then, verify that there is one new virtual Ethernet adapter available. Use the -virtual option to lsdev to see only virtual devices. » Here are example commands and outputs. In this example, ent5 is the new virtual Ethernet adapter. $ cfgdev $ lsdev -virtual | grep ^en ent2 Available Virtual I/O Ethernet Adapter (l-lan) ent3 Available Virtual I/O Ethernet Adapter (l-lan) ent5 Available Virtual I/O Ethernet Adapter (l-lan) ent4 Available Shared Ethernet Adapter __ 36. In your virtual I/O server partition's console session, use the rmtcpip -interface command to remove the virtual I/O server TCP/IP configuration. Specify the interface name of your SEA. You can check the SEA name using the lsmap -all -net command. » Run the command: $ rmtcpip -interface en4 Parameters to be reset: Host name: No Name server: No Effective immediately: Yes Routing: No Are you sure? (y/N)y __ 37. Configure the newly created virtual Ethernet adapter interface with the IP address, host name, network mask, default gateway, and DNS server IP address that you recorded in Step 2 on page 6-5 at the beginning of this exercise. You can use the mktcpip command, or the cfgassist command to launch the SMIT menu. Here is the syntax for the mktcpip command for the options you need to use: mktcpip -interface Interface -hostname Hostname -inetaddr IPaddress \ [ -start ] [ -netmask nmask ] [ -gateway gway ] \ [ -nsrvaddr NameServerAddr [ -nsrvdomain Domain ] ] » Substitute the appropriate configuration information (recorded at the beginning of this exercise).

End of exercise

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Exercise 6. SEA failover setup

Course materials may not be reproduced in whole or in part without the prior written permission of IBM.

6-25

Student Exercises with hints

6-26 Power Virtualization I

© Copyright IBM Corp. 2009, 2013 Course materials may not be reproduced in whole or in part without the prior written permission of IBM.

V7.0.2 Student Exercises with hints

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Exercise 7. Dual VIO server configuration with MPIO in the client partition (with hints)

What this exercise is about This exercise provides experience in configuring high availability in a VSCSI environment. Students will implement a dual Virtual I/O Server configuration with multipath I/O in the client partitions.

What you should be able to do At the end of this exercise, you should be able to: • Set up a high availability disk environment with MPIO configured in the client partition

Introduction The purpose of the exercise is to give the students some experience in implementing a high availability configuration which includes dual VIO servers and MPIO set up in the client partition.

Requirements • This workbook. • A workstation with a web browser and Internet connectivity. • IBM POWER7 processor-based system.

© Copyright IBM Corp. 2009, 2013

Exercise 7. Dual VIO server configuration with MPIO in the client

Course materials may not be reproduced in whole or in part without the prior written permission of IBM.

7-1

Student Exercises with hints

Exercise instructions with hints Preface • All exercises for this unit depend on the availability of specific equipment in your lab and at your desk. You will need: - A managed system, configured with two VIO servers Version 2.1 or later and two AIX V7.1 client partitions installed. - Each client partition must have rootvg installed on a VSCSI disk. - Each client partition must have a virtual Ethernet adapter bridged by an SEA. - A system is needed from which to execute remote commands to the HMC (using SSH). • Hints are provided for the exercises in case you need them and to provide solutions for the exercise steps. All hints are marked by a » sign.

Introduction In this exercise, you will configure two VIO servers to provide redundant paths to your VSCSI disk resource. In this exercise, you will set up MPIO for AIX in your client LPAR and test the configuration.

7-2

Power Virtualization I

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V7.0.2 Student Exercises with hints

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The diagram below represents the VSCSI configuration that each team will have set up at the end of part 3 of this exercise. The adapter names shown in the diagram could be different in your system configuration. Additional virtual adapters would cause different adapter numbering as well.

In order to set up MPIO in a client LPAR, two Virtual I/O Servers must be used. Each VIO server must serve the same shared LUN to the client LPAR. This LUN must be accessible by both the VIO servers. The VSCSI disk in the client LPAR will have two MPIO paths provided by two different VIO servers. Each VSCSI client adapter in the client LPAR must be connected to a VSCSI server adapter in a different VIO server. Your actual VSCSI configuration needs to be changed to match the diagram above. You need to add a VSCSI client-server configuration between your client LPAR to your teammate's VIO server, and then create a new virtual target device that refers to the backing LUN. You need to plan this MPIO configuration as a team of two students. During this exercise, you will have to perform some steps as a team or work on your teammate's VIO server. Refer to the table below for your team number.

© Copyright IBM Corp. 2009, 2013

Exercise 7. Dual VIO server configuration with MPIO in the client

Course materials may not be reproduced in whole or in part without the prior written permission of IBM.

7-3

Student Exercises with hints

Table 12: Team numbers Managed Managed System 1 system Team number Student number Virtual I/O Server name Client LPAR name

1

2

Managed System 2 3

4

5

5

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

vios1

vios2

vios3

vios4

vios5

vios6

vios7

vios8

vios9

vios10

vios11

vios12

lpar1

lpar2

lpar3

lpar4

lpar5

lpar6

lpar7

lpar8

lpar9

lpar10

lpar11

lpar12

The exercise is presented in four parts. • Part 1: Create the VSCSI clients and server adapters You will add a VSCSI client/server communication between your client LPAR and your teammate's VIO server. • Part 2: Create the virtual target device You will create a virtual target device on your teammate's Virtual I/O Server to get the shared LUN accessible to your assigned client LPAR. • Part 3: MPIO failover tests Shut down some components in the configuration to see how the redundant architecture reacts. • Part 4 (optional): Working with MPIO paths priority Work with the MPIO path's priority. This part is optional.

7-4

Power Virtualization I

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V7.0.2 Student Exercises with hints

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Part 1: Create the VSCSI client and server adapters At this point, your client LPAR has a VSCSI disk served by your assigned VIO server. You must create a VSCSI client/server relationship between your assigned client LPAR and your teammate's VIO server. Your client LPAR will have two VSCSI client adapters, each one mapping to one of the two VIO servers. __ 1. Using the HMC, select your teammate's VIO server and dynamically add a VSCSI server adapter. Use adapter ID 16. This server adapter is not required (that is, you do not have to check the box to make it a required adapter). Note For example, if you are student1, your teammate is student2. You must work on student2's VIO server (vios2), and your teammate (student2) must work on vios1.

» Go to the HMC interface, and go to the LPAR table view. » To dynamically add a virtual I/O adapter, select the VIOS partition name and run the Dynamic Logical Partitioning > Virtual Adapters task. » Run the Create Virtual Adapter > SCSI Adapter... task on the Actions menu. » In the window that opens, configure the adapter ID 16. Select the option Only selected client partition can connect, then select your partition from the drop down list. Enter 16 as the Client adapter ID. » Click OK, and then click OK again to complete the operation. » In this example, student1 creates the VSCSI adapter ID 16 on VIOS2.

__ 2. Log in to the VIOS partition and run cfgdev. List out the virtual devices to verify it was created. Note the new vhost name. If you have been following the instructions, it should be called vhost1. New vhost name is: _________________________________________________

© Copyright IBM Corp. 2009, 2013

Exercise 7. Dual VIO server configuration with MPIO in the client

Course materials may not be reproduced in whole or in part without the prior written permission of IBM.

7-5

Student Exercises with hints

» The output from lsdev -virtual | grep vhost should look like this if you have been following the instructions in this exercise: $ cfgdev $ lsdev -virtual | grep vhost vhost0 Available Virtual SCSI Server Adapter vhost1 Available Virtual SCSI Server Adapter __ 3. Using the HMC, select your assigned client LPAR and dynamically add a VSCSI client adapter. Use the client adapter ID 16. Have it point to your teammate's VIOS partition and adapter ID 16. This client adapter is not required (that is, you do not have to check the box to make it a required adapter). » Go to the HMC interface, and go to the LPAR table view. » To dynamically add a virtual I/O adapter, select your assigned LPAR and run the Dynamic Logical Partitioning > Virtual Adapters task. » Run the Create Virtual Adapter > SCSI Adapter... task on the Actions menu. » In the window that opens, configure the adapter ID. Choose your teammate's VIOS and the adapter ID. » Click OK, and then click OK again to complete the operation. » In this example, student1 creates VSCSI slot number 16 on lpar1.

__ 4. To configure the new VSCSI adapter, run cfgmgr on your assigned client LPAR. Check that the new device (vscsi1) is available. » Your lsdev -Cc adapter output should look like the following: # lsdev -Cc adapter | grep vscsi vscsi0 Available Virtual SCSI Client Adapter vscsi1 Available Virtual SCSI Client Adapter __ 5. Using the HMC, save the current configuration of your assigned LPAR and your teammate's VIO server into new profiles. Name these new profiles Normal-mpio.

7-6

Power Virtualization I

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V7.0.2 Student Exercises with hints

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Note Do not forget to perform this step or you will lose all your dynamic operations previously performed in case of a shutdown-reactivate of your partitions.

» Go to the HMC interface, and go to the LPAR table view. » Select your teammate's VIO server, and run the Configuration > Save Current Configuration task. » In the window that opens, specify the new profile name: Normal-mpio. » Click OK to complete the operation. » Perform the same operation for your assigned LPAR. Here is an example with lpar1.

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Exercise 7. Dual VIO server configuration with MPIO in the client

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7-7

Student Exercises with hints

Part 2: Create the virtual target device At this point, you have a VSCSI client/server relationship between the two Virtual I/O Servers and your assigned client LPARs. Your client LPAR now has two VSCSI client adapters, each mapping to one of the two Virtual I/O Server LPARs. You must create a virtual target device on your teammate's VIO server in order to map the physical disk device used as VSCSI disk in your assigned LPAR. __ 6. Identify the physical disk number used as a VSCSI disk by your assigned client LPAR (this is the hdisk device you selected when you set up your client LPAR in a previous exercise). You can identify it by performing the following: open a virtual terminal to your assigned Virtual I/O Server, and then run the lsmap command to identify the hdisk mapped to vhost0. Record this hdisk number here: » Here is an lsmap command output example on vios1 showing hdisk1 is allocated to vhost0. $ lsmap -vadapter vhost0 SVSA Physloc Client Partition ID --------------- -------------------------------------------- -----------------vhost0 U8233.E8B.1084AER-V1-C12 0x00000015 VTD Status LUN Backing device Physloc

lpar1_vtd Available 0x8100000000000000 hdisk1 U5877.001.RCH8623-P1-C6-T1-W500507680140B855-L1000000000000

__ 7. Now that you know the disk number, use the lspv command to determine the physical volume ID of that disk. Record this PVID here: ________________________________________________________________ » Here is an lspv command output example on VIOS1 showing the PVID of hdisk1. $ lspv NAME hdisk0 hdisk1 hdisk2 hdisk3 hdisk4 hdisk5 hdisk6 hdisk7

PVID 00f784aee0fd700a 00f784ae17ad9d8b 00f784ae1822ad34 none none none none none

VG rootvg None None None None None None None

STATUS active

__ 8. Now go to your teammate's Virtual I/O Server and identify the physical volume ID of the hdisk device you recorded in the previous step. Open a virtual terminal to your teammate's Virtual I/O Server. Run the lspv command to list the physical volumes and locate the hdisk device. Record this hdisk number here: _________________

7-8

Power Virtualization I

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V7.0.2 Student Exercises with hints

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» Here is an lspv command output example on VIOS2 showing hdisk1. $ lspv NAME hdisk0 hdisk1 hdisk2 hdisk3 hdisk4 hdisk5 hdisk6 hdisk7

PVID 00f784aee103cdab 00f784ae17ad9d8b 00f784ae1822ad34 none none none none none

VG rootvg None None None None None None None

STATUS active

__ 9. On your teammate's Virtual I/O Server, run the lsdev command to check if the reserve policy attribute for this disk is set to no_reserve. If it is not, run the chdev command to change the attribute value. » Here is an example with hdisk1: $ lsdev -dev hdisk1 -attr | grep reserve_policy reserve_policy single_path Reserve Policy $ chdev -dev hdisk1 -attr reserve_policy=no_reserve hdisk1 changed

True

__ 10. On your teammate's Virtual I/O Server, run the mkvdev command to create the virtual target device. Use the disk number you identified previously and the VSCSI server adapter vhost1. Give it a target device name that make sense to you. For example, if your assigned client LPAR is lpar1, name your target device lpar1_vtd. » Here is an example: $ mkvdev -vdev hdisk1 -vadapter vhost1 -dev lpar1_vtd lpar1_vtd Available __ 11. On your teammate's Virtual I/O Server, run the lsmap -vadapter vhost1 command to check that you have the correct backing storage mapping. » The output of lsmap -vadapter vhost1 should be similar to the following if running on vios2. This example shows hdisk1 as the backing device with a virtual target device name of lpar1_vtd. In this example, the Client Partition ID is 21 (0x15 in hexadecimal), confirming that this storage is being used by lpar1. $ lsmap -vadapter vhost1 SVSA Physloc Client Partition ID --------------- -------------------------------------------- -----------------vhost1 U8233.E8B.1084AER-V2-C16 0x00000015 VTD Status LUN Backing device Physloc

lpar1_vtd Available 0x8100000000000000 hdisk1 U5877.001.RCH8623-P1-C7-T1-W500507680140B855-L1000000000000

__ 12. Log in to your assigned client LPAR and run the cfgmgr command to configure the new MPIO path; then run the lspath command to verify that the VSCSI disk device © Copyright IBM Corp. 2009, 2013

Exercise 7. Dual VIO server configuration with MPIO in the client

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7-9

Student Exercises with hints

is accessible from two different paths. You should see two paths enabled for the hdisk0 device. » The output of lspath should be similar to the following if running on lpar1. This example shows there are two paths to the hdisk0 device. # lspath Enabled hdisk0 vscsi0 Enabled hdisk0 vscsi1

Part 3: MPIO failover tests To perform the MPIO failover steps, you cannot work alone. You need to work with your teammate. You will perform a shutdown of one of your team's Virtual I/O Servers that will impact both teams' client LPARs. Coordinate with your teammate before proceeding. __ 13. You need to work with your teammate to perform these steps. Shut down one of your Virtual I/O Servers by running the shutdown -force command. » $ shutdown -force __ 14. When the Virtual I/O Server is shut down, open a virtual terminal on each client LPAR served by this Virtual I/O Server. __ 15. Run the lspath command on both LPARs to check the status of the paths to hdisk0. » $ lspath __ 16. What are the statuses of the paths? Can you explain why? » The client LPAR that has its primary path served by the Virtual I/O Server that has been shut down has one of its path statuses set to Failed (the path using vscsi0). The other LPAR still has both path statuses marked as Enabled; the path using the Virtual I/O Server that has been shut down is not marked as Failed. This behavior is normal because the health check algorithm has not been activated on the client LPARs (the hcheck_interval attribute is set to 0). When the health check alogrithm is disabled, and the LPAR is using the failover path selection algorithm, the status of the primary path is always updated (since the LPAR detects that the path is no longer functioning), while the status of the inactive path is not updated since the LPAR is not using it. __ 17. Use the HMC GUI to activate the Virtual I/O Server shut down in Step 13. Use the profile Normal-mpio. You do not need to wait for the partition to complete the boot sequence before proceeding with the next step. __ 18. On each client LPAR virtual terminal, run the chdev command to enable the health checking function for the MPIO capable device hdisk0. Set the checking interval to six. Remember to reboot each AIX instance after changing the value. If you shutdown the partition, use the Normal-mpio profile to activate.

7-10 Power Virtualization I

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V7.0.2 Student Exercises with hints

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» Use the following command to change the value of the parameter: # chdev -l hdisk0 -a hcheck_interval=6 -P » A reboot of AIX is needed as the parameter cannot be changed dynamically, it can only be changed in the ODM. It is not necessary to shutdown and then reactivate the partition, only the operating system needs to reboot. # shutdown -Fr __ 19. When the client LPARs have booted, open a virtual terminal and check (using the lspath command) which MPIO path is the active path for hdisk0. Answer: __________________________________________________________ » The following command sequence shows how to determine the paths available for a device, and the priority of each path: # lspath -Ht -l hdisk0 status name parent path_id Enabled hdisk0 vscsi0 0 Enabled hdisk0 vscsi1 1 # lspath -AHE -l hdisk0 -p vscsi0 attribute value description user_settable priority 1 Priority True # lspath -AHE -l hdisk0 -p vscsi1 attribute value description user_settable priority 1

Priority

True

» The output shows there are two paths available to hdisk0, and both paths have the same priority. In this case, path ID 0, which goes through the vscsi0 adapter will be used by default. __ 20. Perform a shutdown of one of your team's Virtual I/O Servers again. » $ shutdown -force __ 21. When the Virtual I/O Server has shut down, check the status of the paths to hdisk0 on each AIX LPAR. Explain what you observe. » Both client LPARs will have one path marked as Failed, and one marked as Enabled. The failed path will be the one using the VIO server that has been shutdown. Only one of the LPARs will have been using the failed path as the primary path. In the other LPAR where the failed path is the non-active path, the healthcheck algorithm has detected the failure. » The following shows the expected output from the one of the client LPARs. The path that has failed will depend on which VIO server was shut down. The -H flag

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Exercise 7. Dual VIO server configuration with MPIO in the client

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7-11

Student Exercises with hints

of lspath includes column headers in the output. The -t flag indicates that each path description should also include the path ID value. # lspath -Ht status name

parent path_id

Failed hdisk0 vscsi0 0 Enabled hdisk0 vscsi1 1 » The other client LPAR will have the other path marked as Failed. # lspath -Ht status name

parent path_id

Enabled hdisk0 vscsi0 0 Failed hdisk0 vscsi1 1 __ 22. Look at the error log in each AIX partition. You should see an entry indicating that a path has failed for hdisk0.

7-12 Power Virtualization I

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V7.0.2 Student Exercises with hints

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» The following is an example error log entry indicating a path failure for hdisk0. The Detail Data section indicates the path ID of the failed path. # errpt -a --------------------------------------------------------------------------LABEL: SC_DISK_ERR7 IDENTIFIER: DE3B8540 Date/Time: Sequence Number: Machine Id: Node Id: Class: Type: WPAR: Resource Name: Resource Class: Resource Type: Location:

Tue Jan 8 22:36:19 CET 2013 406 00F784AE4C00 sys464_lpar1 H PERM Global hdisk0

Description PATH HAS FAILED Probable Causes ADAPTER HARDWARE OR CABLE DASD DEVICE Failure Causes UNDETERMINED Recommended Actions PERFORM PROBLEM DETERMINATION PROCEDURES CHECK PATH Detail Data PATH ID 0 SENSE DATA 0A00 2800 0084 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000

12B8 0000 0000 0000 0000

0000 0000 0000 0000 0000

0804 0000 0000 0000 0000

0000 0000 0000 0000 0000

0000 0000 0000 0000 0000

0000 0000 0000 0000 0000

0000 0000 0000 0000 0000

0000 0000 0000 0000 0000

0000 0000 0000 0000 0000

0200 0000 0000 0000 0000

0B00 0000 0000 0000 0000

0000 0000 0000 0000

0000 0000 0000 0000

__ 23. Use the HMC GUI to activate the Virtual I/O Server shut down in Step 20. Use the profile Normal-mpio. __ 24. When the VIO server has booted and you see the login prompt on the console window, check the path status again in each client LPAR.

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Exercise 7. Dual VIO server configuration with MPIO in the client

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7-13

Student Exercises with hints

» When the VIO server has booted, it is expected that both client LPARs will show both paths with a state of Enabled: # lspath -Ht status name

parent path_id

Enabled hdisk0 vscsi0 0 Enabled hdisk0 vscsi1 1 __ 25. This is the end of part 3. Notify your instructor that you are finished. The next part is an optional exercise.

7-14 Power Virtualization I

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V7.0.2 Student Exercises with hints

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Part 4: (Optional) Working with MPIO paths' priority To perform these steps, you need to synchronize the actions with your teammate. You will modify the path priority of your client LPARs to distribute the disk I/O activity to the same VIO server. If you have followed the exercise steps until now, you will have each client LPAR using a different VIO server for disk I/O activity. __ 26. Change the MPIO path priority on your odd numbered client LPAR (that is, lpar1, lpar3, lpar5, lpar7, and so on) in order to send both client LPARs disk I/O traffic to the even numbered VIO server (lpar2, lpar4, and so on already use the even numbered VIO server as the default path). Use the chpath command to change the priority value of path 0 for hdisk0 from 1 to 2. Note The priority change does not require a reboot to take effect.

» Open a terminal console on your odd numbered client LPAR. Here is an example command sequence for an odd numbered LPAR. The first command determines which parent device is used by the path with path ID 0. The second command changes the priority of this path. # lspath -Ht -l hdisk0 status name parent path_id Enabled hdisk0 vscsi0 0 Enabled hdisk0 vscsi1 1 # chpath -l hdisk0 -p vscsi0 -a priority=2 path Changed __ 27. Check that your client LPARs are now using the same VIO server for disk I/O activity. __ a. On each client LPAR, open a terminal window and run the following command to generate some disk I/O traffic: # dd if=/dev/hdisk0 of=/dev/null __ b. In a console window on each VIO server, run the topas command. Then type capital D to monitor the physical disk activity. You should see activity on the physical disk devices used as backing storage for the VSCSI disks used by your client LPARs only on the even numbered VIO server.

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Exercise 7. Dual VIO server configuration with MPIO in the client

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7-15

Student Exercises with hints

» The topas command output example shown below is from an odd numbered VIO server. It shows no disk activity. Topas Monitor for host: sys464_vios1Interval: 2 Tue Jan 8 23:41:55 2013 =============================================================================== Disk Busy% KBPS TPS KB-R ART MRT KB-W AWT MWT AQW AQD hdisk3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 hdisk6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 hdisk2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 hdisk7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 hdisk1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 hdisk5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 hdisk0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.8 0.0 0.0 hdisk4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

» The topas command output example shown below is from an even numbered VIO server. It shows disk activity on two backing storage devices, hdisk1 (used by lpar1) and hdisk2 (used by lpar2). Topas Monitor for host: sys464_vios2Interval: 2 Tue Jan 8 23:42:39 2013 =============================================================================== Disk Busy% KBPS TPS KB-R ART MRT KB-W AWT MWT AQW AQD hdisk1 56.9 10.7K 2.5K 10.7K 0.3 461.4 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.0 hdisk2 47.4 15.1K 3.6K 15.1K 0.1 424.5 0.0 0.0 2.9 0.0 0.0 hdisk6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 hdisk7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 hdisk0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.0 hdisk3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 hdisk4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 hdisk5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

__ c. Keep the dd command running on each client LPAR (or restart it if it ended). While monitoring the topas output on the Virtual I/O Servers, open another terminal window on your odd numbered client LPAR, and change the priority value of path ID 1 (the path will likely be using vscsi1 as the parent) from one to two. Note The priority change does not require a reboot to take effect.

» In a window on your odd numbered client LPAR, use the chpath command. Here is an example: $ chpath -l hdisk0 -p vscsi1 -a priority=2 Path changed __ d. Check that there is disk I/O traffic now on both Virtual I/O Servers (one busy disk on each VIO server).

7-16 Power Virtualization I

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V7.0.2 Student Exercises with hints

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» The topas command output example shown below is from an odd numbered VIO server. It shows disk activity only on hdisk1. Topas Monitor for host: sys464_vios1Interval: 2 Wed Jan 9 00:05:23 2013 =============================================================================== Disk Busy% KBPS TPS KB-R ART MRT KB-W AWT MWT AQW AQD hdisk1 77.9 15.5K 3.8K 15.5K 0.1 2.6K 0.0 0.0 6.5 0.0 0.0 hdisk6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 hdisk2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 hdisk3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 hdisk7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 hdisk5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 hdisk0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.8 0.0 0.0 hdisk4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

» The topas command output example shown below is from an even numbered VIO server. It shows disk activity only on hdisk2. Topas Monitor for host: sys464_vios2Interval: 2 Wed Jan 9 00:06:13 2013 =============================================================================== Disk Busy% KBPS TPS KB-R ART MRT KB-W AWT MWT AQW AQD hdisk2 10.4 30.5K 4.0K 30.5K 0.1 683.0 0.0 0.0 7.0 0.0 0.0 hdisk3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 hdisk6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 hdisk7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 hdisk0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.5 0.0 0.0 hdisk1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 733.9 0.0 0.0 6.9 0.0 0.0 hdisk4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 hdisk5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

__ e. In a terminal window on your odd numbered client LPAR, and change the priority value of path ID 0 (the path will likely be using vscsi0 as the parent) from two back to one, then perform the same change for path ID 1. » In a window on your odd numbered client LPAR, use the chpath command. Here is an example: $ chpath -l hdisk0 -p vscsi0 -a priority=1 Path changed $ chpath -l hdisk0 -p vscsi1 -a priority=1 Path changed __ 28. Stop the dd command on your client LPARs. That is the end of this optional exercise. Notify your instructor that you are finished.

End of exercise

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Exercise 7. Dual VIO server configuration with MPIO in the client

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7-17

Student Exercises with hints

7-18 Power Virtualization I

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V7.0.2 Student Exercises with hints

EXempty

Exercise 8. Virtual Fibre Channel adapter configuration (with hints)

What this exercise is about This exercise covers how to access an external LUN by adding a virtual Fibre Channel adapter to a VIO client partition. Students dynamically create virtual Fibre Channel adapters on the Virtual I/O Server and the client logical partition. Then they map the virtual Fibre Channel server adapter to an NPIV capable physical Fibre Channel adapter. Students also examine the different NPIV configuration attributes.

What you should be able to do At the end of this exercise, you should be able to: • Configure a virtual Fibre Channel server adapter on the Virtual I/O Server • Configure a virtual Fibre Channel client adapter on the client logical partition • Use the HMC to work with the WWPN pair • Map the virtual Fibre Channel server adapter to a physical NPIV capable Fibre Channel adapter port • Access an external LUN using virtual Fibre Channel

Introduction In this exercise, you will create virtual Fibre Channel adapters (client and server) to access an external LUN. You will work alone using your client logical partition and use one Virtual I/O Server that has an NPIV-capable physical Fibre Channel adapter installed.

Requirements • This workbook.

© Copyright IBM Corp. 2009, 2013

Exercise 8. Virtual Fibre Channel adapter configuration

Course materials may not be reproduced in whole or in part without the prior written permission of IBM.

8-1

Student Exercises with hints

• A computer with a web browser and a network connection to an HMC running Version 7.3.4 fix pack 2 or later, configured to support a POWER7 processor-based system. • A Virtual I/O Server at version 2.1 and an AIX 7.1 client logical partition. • A physical Fibre Channel adapter (NPIV-capable) connected to an NPIV-capable SAN switch with external LUNs. • Utility for running telnet or SSH.

8-2

Power Virtualization I

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V7.0.2 Student Exercises with hints

EXempty

Exercise instructions with hints Preface • All procedures in this exercise depend on the availability of specific equipment. You will need a computer system connected to the Internet, a web browser, a telnet program, and a utility for running SSH. You will also need a managed system with Fibre Channel adapters (NPIV-capable). All lab systems need to be accessible to each other on a network. • All hints are marked by a » sign. NPIV (N_Port ID virtualization) is introduced in Virtual I/O Server V2.1. An NPIV-capable Fibre Channel adapter can be used to provide a path for a logical Fibre Channel adapter. For the client logical partition, this logical adapter functions similar to a physical adapter. The NPIV configuration simplifies the management of SAN environments. You will create virtual Fibre Channel adapters using the following slot convention. Table 13: Virtual Fibre Channel adapters Virtual Fibre Channel Student number server slot# Student 1 21 Student 2 22 Student 3 23 Student 4 24 Student 5 25 Student 6 26 Student 7 27 Student 8 28 Student 9 29 Student 10 30 Student 11 31 Student 12 32

© Copyright IBM Corp. 2009, 2013

Virtual Fibre Channel client slot# 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32

Exercise 8. Virtual Fibre Channel adapter configuration

Course materials may not be reproduced in whole or in part without the prior written permission of IBM.

8-3

Student Exercises with hints

__ 1. From the HMC GUI, select your Virtual I/O Server and dynamically create a virtual Fibre Channel server adapter.

__ a. Use the slot number convention specified in Table 13 above. Specify your assigned client logical partition and the client adapter ID. Here is an example for student1:

__ b. Save the current configuration of the VIO partition in a new profile called Normal-NPIV. » Go to the HMC interface, and go to the LPAR table view. » Select your VIO server, and run the Configuration > Save Current Configuration task. » In the window that opens, select the New profile option, and enter Normal-NPIV as the profile name.

8-4

Power Virtualization I

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V7.0.2 Student Exercises with hints

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» Click OK to save the new profile.

__ 2. Log in to the Virtual I/O Server and perform a cfgdev to configure the new virtual device. __ 3. Use the lsdev command to check for the new virtual Fibre Channel adapter. » Example command and output: $ lsdev -dev vfchost* name status vfchost0 Available

description Virtual FC Server Adapter

__ 4. Run the lsmap -all -npiv command to check your vfchost adapter slot number and status. » Example command and output: $ lsmap -all -npiv Name Physloc ClntID ClntName ClntOS ------------- ---------------------------------- ------ -------------- -----vfchost0 U8233.E8B.1084AER-V1-C21 21 Status:NOT_LOGGED_IN FC name: FC loc code: Ports logged in:0 Flags:1 VFC client name: VFC client DRC:

__ 5. In the next steps, you will map the virtual Fibre Channel server adapter to a physical port on the physical Fibre Channel adapter. __ a. Run the lsdev command to identify the physical Fibre Channel adapter in the Virtual I/O Server. Use the fcs0 adapter unless your instructor tells you to use another one.

© Copyright IBM Corp. 2009, 2013

Exercise 8. Virtual Fibre Channel adapter configuration

Course materials may not be reproduced in whole or in part without the prior written permission of IBM.

8-5

Student Exercises with hints

» Example command and output: $ lsdev name fcs0 fcs1

-dev fcs* status Available Available

description 8Gb PCI Express Dual Port FC Adapter (df1000f114108a03) 8Gb PCI Express Dual Port FC Adapter (df1000f114108a03)

__ b. Run the lsnports command to list the ports that are capable of N_Port ID virtualization (NPIV). Verify the fabric attribute is set to 1. This means the adapter and the SAN switch are NPIV ready. » Example command and output: $ lsnports name fcs0

physloc U5877.001.RCH8623-P1-C6-T1

fabric tports aports swwpns awwpns 1 64 64 2048 2036

__ c. Run the vfcmap command to map your virtual Fibre Channel server adapter to the physical Fibre Channel adapter port fcs0. » Here is an example, using the vfchost0 virtual adapter: $ vfcmap -vadapter vfchost0 -fcp fcs0 vfchost0 changed __ 6. Select your client logical partition and dynamically create a virtual Fibre Channel adapter. __ a. Use the slot number convention specified in Table 13 above. Specify the Virtual I/O Server partition and the server adapter ID (slot number). Here is an example for student1:

__ b. Log in to your assigned client logical partition and run cfgmgr to configure the virtual Fibre Channel adapter and its associated child devices. __ c. Use the lsdev command to check for the new client virtual Fibre Channel adapter. Check for its Available state. » Example command and output: $ lsdev -Cc adapter | grep fcs fcs0 Available 21-T1 Virtual Fibre Channel Client Adapter __ d. Use the lscfg command to check the worldwide port name (the network address) of the virtual Fibre Channel client adapter.

8-6

Power Virtualization I

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V7.0.2 Student Exercises with hints

EXempty

» Example command and output: $ lscfg -vpl fcs0 fcs0 U8233.E8B.1084AER-V21-C21-T1 Virtual Fibre Channel Client Adapter Network Address.............C05076054585008A ROS Level and ID............ Device Specific.(Z0)........ Device Specific.(Z1)........ Device Specific.(Z2)........ Device Specific.(Z3)........ Device Specific.(Z4)........ Device Specific.(Z5)........ Device Specific.(Z6)........ Device Specific.(Z7)........ Device Specific.(Z8)........C05076054585008A Device Specific.(Z9)........ Hardware Location Code......U8233.E8B.1084AER-V21-C21-T1

PLATFORM SPECIFIC Name: vfc-client Node: vfc-client@30000015 Device Type: fcp Physical Location: U8233.E8B.1084AER-V21-C21-T1

__ 7. From the HMC GUI, look at your logical partition properties. Select the Virtual Adapters tab.

__ a. Check your virtual Fibre Channel adapter properties and record the WWPN pair here: WWPN: ____________________________ WWPN: ____________________________

© Copyright IBM Corp. 2009, 2013

Exercise 8. Virtual Fibre Channel adapter configuration

Course materials may not be reproduced in whole or in part without the prior written permission of IBM.

8-7

Student Exercises with hints

For example:

__ 8. Open an ssh connection to your HMC using putty. Use the lshwres command to check the virtual Fibre Channel adapters on your client logical partition. » Here is an lshwres example on the managed system named sys464: hscroot@hmc109:~> lshwres -r virtualio --rsubtype fc -m sys464 --level lpar --filter lpar_names=sys464_lpar1 lpar_name=sys464_lpar1,lpar_id=21,slot_num=21,adapter_type=client,sta te=1,is_required=0,remote_lpar_id=1,remote_lpar_name=sys464_vios1,rem ote_slot_num=21,"wwpns=c05076054585008a,c05076054585008b" __ 9. Save the partition configuration in a new partition profile. Name the profile Normal-NPIV. In the subsequent steps, you will use a script that will change the WWPNs and that script will modify the profile with the name Normal-NPIV, so make sure you name the profile exactly as specified, including capital letters.

8-8

Power Virtualization I

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V7.0.2 Student Exercises with hints

EXempty

__ 10. In the next step, you will change the worldwide port numbers to a specific network address. Each time you create a virtual Fibre Channel adapter, a new WWPN pair is defined. During the class lab setup, external LUNs were created and mapped to specific predefined worldwide port names. You must change the WWPN pair of your virtual Fibre Channel adapter to match these predefined values. __ a. From the HMC CLI, use the lssyscfg command to retrieve the virtual Fibre Channel adapter's configuration information. Use the following command (specify your LPAR name and managed system name): lssyscfg -m -r prof --filter lpar_names=,profile_names=Normal-NPIV -F virtual_fc_adapters Here is example output of the lssyscfg command: """21/client/1/sys464_vios1/21/c05076054585008a,c05076054585008b/0"""

This attribute value will be changed in the next step. __ b. On your logical partition, mount the NFS server directory at /mnt, and then change directory to /mnt/an30/ex8 where the modify.fc.wwpns.sh script is located. # mount :/export/labfiles /mnt # cd /mnt/an30/ex8 The script modify.fc.wwpns.sh is provided to change the WWPN pair of your client virtual Fibre Channel adapter. The script establishes an ssh connection to the HMC and then executes a chsyscfg command to modify the WWPNs pair values in the Normal-NPIV profile. Invoke the script modify.fc.wwpns.sh with the following options: # ./modify.fc.wwpns.sh The script will prompt you to enter the password for the hscroot user on the HMC. Then it will modify the WWPNs for the specified LPAR according to Table 14 below. Each WWPN value is 16 hexadecimal digits long and, to be unique in our course configuration, will include your managed system number. Table 14: WWPN pair Student WWPN pair number student 1 c000000000001,c000000000002 student 2 c000000000003,c000000000004 student 3 c000000000005,c000000000006 student 4 c000000000007,c000000000008 student 5 c000000000009,c000000000010 student 6 c000000000011,c000000000012 student 7 c000000000013,c000000000014 © Copyright IBM Corp. 2009, 2013

Exercise 8. Virtual Fibre Channel adapter configuration

Course materials may not be reproduced in whole or in part without the prior written permission of IBM.

8-9

Student Exercises with hints

Student number student 8 student 9 student 10 student 11 student 12

WWPN pair c000000000015,c000000000016 c000000000017,c000000000018 c000000000019,c000000000020 c000000000021,c000000000022 c000000000023,c000000000024

» The script uses the chsyscfg command to change the WWPN pair. The following command is used: # chsyscfg -r prof -m -i name=Normal-NPIV, lpar_name=, \"virtual_fc_adapters=\"\"//[]/ []//[]//\"\"\"

__ c. From the HMC CLI, use the lssyscfg command to retrieve the virtual Fibre Channel adapters information for your LPAR. Verify the new values match the information provided in Table 14. Use the following command specifying your lpar name and managed system name. lssyscfg -m -r prof --filter lpar_names=,profile_names=Normal-NPIV -F virtual_fc_adapters __ 11. Perform a shutdown of your client logical partition. Then activate it using the Normal-NPIV profile. Wait for the partition to complete the boot sequence before continuing to the next step. __ 12. Log in to your logical partition and verify that a new hdisk is available. Use the lsdev command to check the disk type. The disk type should not be a virtual SCSI disk but instead it should some type of Fibre Channel disk. » An example is shown below. The exact type of Fibre Channel disk on your system may be different: # lsdev -c disk hdisk0 Available Virtual SCSI Disk Drive hdisk1 Available 27-T1-01 MPIO IBM 2145 FC Disk __ 13. On the Virtual I/O Server, run the lsmap command to display the mapping between the physical Fibre Channel adapter port and your virtual Fibre Channel adapter. The status should be LOGGED_IN.

8-10 Power Virtualization I

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V7.0.2 Student Exercises with hints

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» Example command and output: $ lsmap -all -npiv Name Physloc ClntID ClntName ClntOS ------------- ---------------------------------- ------ -------------- -----vfchost0 U8233.E8B.1084AER-V1-C21 21 sys464_lpar1 AIX Status:LOGGED_IN FC name:fcs0 FC loc code:U5877.001.RCH8623-P1-C6-T1 Ports logged in:1 Flags:a VFC client name:fcs0 VFC client DRC:U8233.E8B.1084AER-V21-C21-T1

__ 14. Let your instructor know that you have completed the exercise.

End of exercise

© Copyright IBM Corp. 2009, 2013

Exercise 8. Virtual Fibre Channel adapter configuration

Course materials may not be reproduced in whole or in part without the prior written permission of IBM.

8-11

Student Exercises with hints

8-12 Power Virtualization I

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V7.0.2 Student Exercises with hints

EXempty

Exercise 9. Manage service events (with hints)

What this exercise is about This exercise demonstrates management of a serviceable event from the HMC GUI as well as diagnostic operations and service tools configuration of the POWER7 processor-based managed system.

What you should be able to do At the end of this exercise, you should be able to: • Run diagnostics in a partitioned environment to generate an event • Manage connection monitoring for servers • Check the operation of the SFP application

Introduction In this exercise, you run a diagnostic and check the configuration of the SFP service tool by running two tests and verifying that the events are logged.

Requirements • This workbook. • A workstation with a web browser connected to the Internet. • Access to an HMC and a POWER7 processor-based managed system connected to the same network as your workstation.

© Copyright IBM Corp. 2009, 2013

Exercise 9. Manage service events

Course materials may not be reproduced in whole or in part without the prior written permission of IBM.

9-1

Student Exercises with hints

Exercise instructions with hints Preface • All exercises of this chapter depend on the availability of specific equipment in your classroom. You will need: - A computer system with Internet access and a web browser installed from which to execute remote commands to the HMC (using SSH). - A managed system configured with at least one partition. - All lab systems need to be accessible to each other on a network. • Hints are provided for the exercises in case you need them and to provide solutions for the exercise steps. All hints are marked by a » sign.

Part 1: Service Tools This first part of this exercise requires you to check the SFP configuration on the HMC. __ 1. You will need one AIX partition that is running for this exercise. If your managed system does not have at least one partition running, activate one with its default partition profile. __ 2. Log in to your partition. Check that the /var file system is not full on your partition. » Log in to your partition. Use the command df /var to find out the percent used. # df /var Filesystem 512-blocks /dev/hd9var

262144

Free %Used Iused %Iused Mounted on 47360 6% 353 2% /var

» If /var is too full, use the following command to increase it by 64 MB: chfs -a size=+64M /var __ 3. Make sure the date in your partition is not 90 days off from the date on the HMC. If the date on the partition and the HMC are more than 90 days out of sync, the serviceable events will be deleted on the HMC. Change the LPAR date and time if needed. » Log in to your partition and type the date command. » Log in to the HMC GUI interface, and go to the HMC Management application. In the Operations section, click Change Date and Time, and check that the date and time displayed is correct. The time difference between the HMC date and time and the partition date and time should not be more than 90 days out of sync. __ 4. Check that all of the RMC daemons are running on the partition. This operation is related to the Dynamic Resource Allocation.

9-2

Power Virtualization I

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V7.0.2 Student Exercises with hints

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» On the partition, run the command: lssrc -a | grep rsct_rm. This command will list the daemons responsible for HMC and partition communication (among other functions). » Example output of lssrc command: # lssrc -a | grep IBM.CSMAgentRM IBM.ServiceRM IBM.DRM IBM.MgmtDomainRM IBM.ERRM IBM.LPRM IBM.SensorRM IBM.AuditRM IBM.HostRM

rsct_rm rsct_rm rsct_rm rsct_rm rsct_rm rsct_rm rsct_rm rsct_rm rsct_rm rsct_rm

2818170 4128906 4522182 6750232

active active active active inoperative inoperative inoperative inoperative inoperative

» The output shows that the typical RMC daemons are active. Do not worry if your list is not exactly the same as the one above. Some individual daemons are only active when they are needed. » Run the command startsrc -g rsct_rm if all the daemons are in an inactive state. __ 5. Is the managed system enabled for Connection Monitoring? » From the HMC GUI session, go to the Service Management application. In the Connectivity task section, choose Manage Connection Monitoring. The managed system should display Enabled in the State column, as shown in the example below.

© Copyright IBM Corp. 2009, 2013

Exercise 9. Manage service events

Course materials may not be reproduced in whole or in part without the prior written permission of IBM.

9-3

Student Exercises with hints

__ 6. Based on the configuration of your HMC, how many minutes does the connection have to be disconnected for the event to be considered a network outage? » From the Connection Monitoring Setup window, as shown in the last step's hint, the number of disconnected minutes considered to be an outage is 15. __ 7. Test that the HMC is configured to log serviceable events to the SFP. Use the Create a Serviceable Event procedure from the HMC to perform the test. Later in this exercise, you will check for the HMC event in SFP (Manage Serviceable Events). » In the Service Management application, choose Create Serviceable Event on the selected menu.

» In the pop-up window, click the Test automatic problem reporting check box. In the Problem Description field, write a comment containing your student

9-4

Power Virtualization I

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V7.0.2 Student Exercises with hints

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number and HMC as shown in the example below. Click Request Service once you have entered the comment.

» In the pop-up window, click OK to exit the HMC problem reporting test.

__ 8. Perform a test for your managed server to make sure that server events will be logged into HMC SFP.

© Copyright IBM Corp. 2009, 2013

Exercise 9. Manage service events

Course materials may not be reproduced in whole or in part without the prior written permission of IBM.

9-5

Student Exercises with hints

» In the Systems Management application, click Servers. In the right pane, click the corresponding check box to select your managed system. In the Task menu, select Serviceability > Create Serviceable Event.

» In the pop-up window, click the Test automatic problem reporting check box, add a problem description text containing your student number and your server name, and click Request Service as shown in this example:

9-6

Power Virtualization I

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V7.0.2 Student Exercises with hints

» In the pop-up window, click OK to exit the problem reporting test.

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__ 9. Perform a test from a partition to make sure that it will log events with SFP. From the HMC GUI, select your partition and open a terminal window. Log in to your partition as root and run the following oppanel diagnostic test: __ a. Run diag at the AIX shell prompt. Press Enter to continue. __ b. Choose Diagnostic Routines. It should already be highlighted; simply press Enter. __ c. Choose System Verification. It should already be highlighted; simply press Enter. __ d. Use the cursor keys to scroll down to oppanel, and press Enter to select; then press F7 to commit. __ e. When asked if you want to proceed to create a test serviceable event, use the cursor keys to select Yes, and press Enter. On the next screen, press Enter to continue. __ f.

When asked if you want to report this problem to the Service to Service Focal Point, use the cursor keys to select Yes, and press Enter. This procedure should log an event from this partition in SFP, but it might take a few minutes. You will check for this event later in this exercise. After a few minutes, you should see the System Attention Indicator appear next to your partition name. You do not have to wait to see this indicator to proceed to the next step.

__ g. Press F10 to exit the diagnostic program.

© Copyright IBM Corp. 2009, 2013

Exercise 9. Manage service events

Course materials may not be reproduced in whole or in part without the prior written permission of IBM.

9-7

Student Exercises with hints

Part 2: SFP: Check and close events Earlier in this exercise, you performed three tests to verify the operation of SFP. The first was a test from the HMC, the second was a server diagnostic test, and the third was an operator panel (oppanel) diagnostic test from a partition. In this part, you will check SFP for these events and close them. __ 10. From the HMC GUI, go to the Service Management application. Choose Manage Serviceable Events from the task list on the right part of the screen. You can also use the Tool icon located at the bottom of the left pane of the HMC GUI to start the Manage Serviceable Event menu.

This pop-up menu allows you to filter the output so that you can find the events you need to see. Feel free to explore the options. When you are ready, at the top of the screen choose to see all open events. Click OK. __ 11. Several students in the class are using the same HMC, therefore the next screen will probably list multiple instances of each of the three types of serviceable events which this exercise has you generate. Look for your new events; use the Number of days to view criteria and specify one day to verify that your specific events were logged. The newest events will be at the top of the list. You might need to grow the window or scroll to the right to see the descriptive text. Below is an example Serviceable Event Overview screen. The first line is the oppanel test run in an LPAR (reference code 651-199), the second is the managed server test (reference code B3031007), and the last is the HMC test (reference code B3031107). Click on each reference code to see a description of the problem it represents. In the example below, you can tell the oppanel test came from the managed system from the Failing MTMS column and the machine type model number of 8233-E8B, which is a managed system, with serial number 1084AER. The Reporting name column is not shown in the example below. You can tell that the HMC test came from the HMC itself from the machine type model number of 7042-CR5 (with serial number 1099CBA), which is an HMC.

9-8

Power Virtualization I

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V7.0.2 Student Exercises with hints

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Look for your tests on your HMC. If they are not there, troubleshoot the issue that is causing the event or events not to be logged. » Have you waited at least one or two minutes for the event to be logged? » Are the RMC daemons running on the partition? Remember that in Step 4 you checked this. » Attempt to dynamically remove a small amount of memory from the partition where the oppanel test was performed. Did this work? If yes, then the event should be logged in SFP since both DLPAR and the service tools use the network connection between the HMC and the partitions and the RMC daemons for communication. __ 12. Select a managed service event and choose View Details from the Selected dropdown menu.

© Copyright IBM Corp. 2009, 2013

Exercise 9. Manage service events

Course materials may not be reproduced in whole or in part without the prior written permission of IBM.

9-9

Student Exercises with hints

» Select a service event in the table, and choose View Details from the Selected dropdown menu, as shown in the example below:

__ 13. View the information available for the selected event. Use the scroll bar on the right of the table to look at the detailed information. In the example below, you can see the oppanel test run from a partition named sys464_lpar1, and the Reporting Primary Unit Name is the sys464 managed system. Click Cancel to return to the Serviceable Events Overview window.

9-10 Power Virtualization I

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V7.0.2 Student Exercises with hints

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__ 14. You can identify the oppanel event you created based on the Reporting partition name displayed in the details of the event. For the HMC and managed system test events, you will have use the scroll bar on the right of the table to scroll down to the Description field to see the comment that was entered when the test event was generated, as shown in the example below:

__ 15. Identify the events you generated, then select each one and close them. To do this, select an event and choose Close Event from the Selected menu. Enter your name and the comment just a test. Click the Close Events button, and then click Yes. When you are finished closing your events, click the Cancel button to exit the Serviceable Events Overview window. Click Cancel again on the remaining Manage Serviceable Events window. Note Typically, customers do not close events unless they are absolutely sure what caused the problem. In this case, you caused the errors, therefore it is acceptable for you to close these events now.

__ 16. Let your instructor know when you have completed the exercise.

End of exercise

© Copyright IBM Corp. 2009, 2013

Exercise 9. Manage service events

Course materials may not be reproduced in whole or in part without the prior written permission of IBM.

9-11

Student Exercises with hints

9-12 Power Virtualization I

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V7.0.2 Student Exercises with hints

EXempty

Exercise 10.PowerVM system maintenance (with hints)

What this exercise is about This exercise provides you with an opportunity to perform a couple of the most popular PowerVM maintenance tasks.

What you should be able to do At the end of this exercise, you should be able to: • Update the Virtual I/O Server software to a newer fix level • Backup the device configuration of the Virtual I/O Server using the viosbr command. (The viosbr command includes device attributes, as well as logical and virtual device mapping information.) • Use cron to schedule the Virtual I/O Server backup

Introduction The Virtual I/O Server software continues to change. Some of the updates fix problems and others add new functionality. The latest available level of software is always considered the recommended level. This software can be acquired by anonymous FTP, HTTP (web browser), and ISO images. This exercise uses files which were previously downloaded using FTP. The last part of this exercise demonstrates how cron can be used to schedule a backup of the Virtual I/O Server.

Requirements • This workbook. • A VIO server partition. • Access to a directory containing a VIO fix pack.

© Copyright IBM Corp. 2009, 2013

Exercise 10. PowerVM system maintenance

Course materials may not be reproduced in whole or in part without the prior written permission of IBM.

10-1

Student Exercises with hints

Exercise instructions with hints Preface • All procedures in this exercise depend on the availability of specific equipment in your classroom. • All hints are marked by a » sign.

Part 1: Update the Virtual I/O Server software At the time of writing, the current fix pack was 26. This was downloaded to an NFS server assigned to your class. Your instructor might direct you to install a newer fix. Your system has a combination of availability options including MPIO for disk redundancy and shared Ethernet adapter failover for the virtual Ethernet. You will update each Virtual I/O Server; one at a time to avoid impacting your client LPARs. Note You need to plan the VIO server updates as a team of two students. Refer to the table below for your team number. In each team, the student with the odd number ID should complete part 1 of the exercise first. The student with the even number ID should wait until the student with the odd number ID indicates they have completed the update of their VIO server. In this way, the two AIX client partitions will have access to the network and their VSCSI disks at all times.

Table 15: Team numbers Managed Managed System 1 system Team number Student number Virtual I/O Server name Client LPAR name

1

2

Managed System 2 3

4

5

5

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

vios1

vios2

vios3

vios4

vios5

vios6

vios7

vios8

vios9

vios10

vios11

vios12

lpar1

lpar2

lpar3

lpar4

lpar5

lpar6

lpar7

lpar8

lpar9

lpar10

lpar11

lpar12

__ 1. Select your Virtual I/O Server and perform the following steps: __ a. All interim fixes currently applied must be manually removed before applying the fix pack. Use the emgr command to list and remove the interim fixes (there should not be any interim fixes on your system). $ oem_setup_env # emgr -P 10-2 Power Virtualization I

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V7.0.2 Student Exercises with hints

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__ b. If the output from the emgr command indicates there are interim fixes applied on your system, remove each one individually using the following command: # emgr -r -L __ c. When all interim fixes have been removed, return to the VIO CLI environment. # exit __ d. All uncommitted updates must be committed prior to installing new updates. Execute the following command: $ updateios -commit __ e. The Virtual I/O Server fix pack 26 is available on an NFS server if using Montpellier remote facilities (Your instructor might direct you to install a newer fix directly from the IBM Fix Central website, or another NFS location). Execute the following command to mount the remote directory: $ mount :/export/labfiles /mnt __ f.

With fix pack 26, there is now a method to verify the VIOS update files before installation. This process requires access to openssl by the padmin user, which can be accomplished by creating a link. To verify the VIOS update files, follow the steps below. Replace with the path name of the directory that contains the fixes you are using. If you are using the Montpellier remote facilities, the fixpath directory should be an30/ex10 $ # # # $ $ $

oem_setup_env ln -s /usr/bin/openssl /usr/ios/utils/openssl ls -al /usr/ios/utils exit cp /mnt//ck_sum.bff /home/padmin chmod 777 /home/padmin/ck_sum.bff ck_sum.bff /mnt/

__ g. Execute the following command to install the updated Virtual I/O Server software: $ updateios -dev /mnt/an30/ex10 -install -accept Once the command examines the software contained in the specified directory, you will have to confirm that the installation should proceed. The software installation could take 30 minutes or more to complete. __ h. When the installation has completed, execute the following command to set authorization for the PAdmin role. Note the space between the “-” character and the PAdmin role. You will be prompted to enter the password for the padmin user. $ swrole - PAdmin __ i.

Run the following command to accept the new licence agreement: $ license -accept

© Copyright IBM Corp. 2009, 2013

Exercise 10. PowerVM system maintenance

Course materials may not be reproduced in whole or in part without the prior written permission of IBM.

10-3

Student Exercises with hints

__ j.

Reboot the Virtual I/O Server to implement the changes. » $ shutdown -force -restart

__ k. When the partition has rebooted, log on as padmin and run ioslevel to list the new software level. » $ ioslevel » If Fix Pack 26 is installed, the command output is 2.2.2.1. __ 2. If your student ID is an odd number, inform your teammate that you have completed the update of your VIO partition. Your teammate can now perform the update of their VIO partition.

Part 2: Using viosbr to backup the virtual and logical configuration This part of the exercise will use the viosbr command to backup the virtual and logical configuration of the Virtual I/O Server. This viosbr command backs up all the relevant data to recover a Virtual I/O Server after a new installation. __ 3. Use the viosbr command to backup all the device attributes, as well as logical and virtual device mappings on your Virtual I/O Server to a backup file called myvios-backup. » Example command: $ viosbr -backup -file myvios-backup __ 4. Use the viosbr command to list the available backup files. » Example command and expected output: $ viosbr -view -list myvios-backup.tar.gz » Note that the backup file is compressed. __ 5. Use the viosbr command to display the contents of the backup file.

10-4 Power Virtualization I

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V7.0.2 Student Exercises with hints

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» Example command and output: $ viosbr -view -file myvios-backup.tar.gz Details in: myvios-backup =============================================================== Controllers: ============ Name ---iscsi0 pkcs11 pager0 vasi0 vbsd0 fcs0 fcs1 sfwcomm0 sfwcomm1 fscsi0 ent0 fscsi1 ent1 ent2 ent3 sfw0 fcnet0 fcnet1

Phys Loc --------

U8233.E8B.0681B9R-V7-C32769-L0-L0 U8233.E8B.0681B9R-V7-C32769 U8233.E8B.0681B9R-V7-C32769-L0 U5877.001.9K8D880-P1-C6-T1 U5877.001.9K8D880-P1-C6-T2 U5877.001.9K8D880-P1-C6-T1-W0-L0 U5877.001.9K8D880-P1-C6-T2-W0-L0 U5877.001.9K8D880-P1-C6-T1 U5877.001.9K8D880-P1-C4-T1 U5877.001.9K8D880-P1-C6-T2 U5877.001.9K8D880-P1-C4-T2 U8233.E8B.0681B9R-V7-C11-T1 U8233.E8B.0681B9R-V7-C13-T1 U5877.001.9K8D880-P1-C6-T1 U5877.001.9K8D880-P1-C6-T2

Physical Volumes: ================= Name ---hdisk0 hdisk1 hdisk2 hdisk3 hdisk4 hdisk5 hdisk6 hdisk7

Phys Loc -------U5877.001.9K8D880-P1-C6-T1-W500507680140B855-L0 U5877.001.9K8D880-P1-C6-T1-W500507680140B855-L1000000000000 U5877.001.9K8D880-P1-C6-T1-W500507680140B855-L2000000000000 U5877.001.9K8D880-P1-C6-T1-W500507680140B855-L3000000000000 U5877.001.9K8D880-P1-C6-T1-W500507680140B855-L4000000000000 U5877.001.9K8D880-P1-C6-T1-W500507680140B855-L5000000000000 U5877.001.9K8D880-P1-C6-T1-W500507680140B855-L6000000000000 U5877.001.9K8D880-P1-C6-T1-W500507680140B855-L7000000000000

Optical Devices: ================ Tape Devices: ============= Ethernet Interfaces: ==================== Name ---en0 en1 en2 en3 en4 © Copyright IBM Corp. 2009, 2013

Exercise 10. PowerVM system maintenance

Course materials may not be reproduced in whole or in part without the prior written permission of IBM.

10-5

Student Exercises with hints

IP Address Auto ------------10.6.140.142 -

Hostname -------sys474_vios7

Storage Pools: ============== SP Name ------rootvg

PV Name ------hdisk0

File Backed Storage Pools: ========================== Optical Repository: =================== Ether Channel Adapters: ======================= Shared Ethernet Adapters: ========================= Name Physical Adapter ------------------ent4 ent0

Default Adapter --------------ent2

Virtual Adapters ---------------ent2

Virtual Server Adapters: ======================== SVSA Phys Loc ----------vhost0 U8233.E8B.0681B9R-V7-C12

VTD --lpar7_vtd

vhost1

lpar8_vtd

U8233.E8B.0681B9R-V7-C16

Virtual Suspended Adapters: =========================== Virtual Suspended Devices: ======================== Suspend Device Phys Loc --------------------suspended0 LPM Adapters: ============= LPM Adapter ----------vioslpm0 SVFC Adapters: ============== Name ---vfchost0

10-6 Power Virtualization I

Phys Loc --------

FC Adapter ---------fcs0

Phys Loc -------U8233.E8B.0681B9R-V7-C27

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V7.0.2 Student Exercises with hints

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VBSD Pools: =========== VRM(AMS) Pages: =============== RSCT: ===== ct_node_id ----------86d2665eee35318c Cluster: ======== Cluster -------

State -----

Virtual Log Repositories: ========================= Virtual Log Repository State -------------------------vlogrepo0 AVAILABLE

Part 3: Using cron to schedule tasks In this part of the exercise you will use cron to schedule tasks. In the following steps, you use cron to schedule a backup of the Virtual I/O Server. __ 6. Use the crontab command to schedule the creation of a mksysb backup of your Virtual I/O Server into a file called vios_backup located in the /home/padmin directory at 11am. » Use the crontab -e command to edit the crontab file for the padmin user. Add the following on one line to the file, and then save the file and quit the editor: 0 11 * * * /usr/ios/cli/ioscli backupios -file ~/vios_backup -mksysb __ 7. Use the crontab command to view the crontab file of the padmin user. » Use the crontab -l command to view the crontab file for the padmin user. The output should reflect the entry you created in the previous step. __ 8. Let your instructor know when you have completed the exercise.

End of exercise

© Copyright IBM Corp. 2009, 2013

Exercise 10. PowerVM system maintenance

Course materials may not be reproduced in whole or in part without the prior written permission of IBM.

10-7

Student Exercises with hints

10-8 Power Virtualization I

© Copyright IBM Corp. 2009, 2013 Course materials may not be reproduced in whole or in part without the prior written permission of IBM.

V7.0.2 Student Exercises with hints

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Exercise 11.(Optional) File-backed virtual disk and virtual media repository configuration (with hints)

What this exercise is about This exercise covers the configuration of VSCSI devices.

What you should be able to do At the end of this exercise, you should be able to: • Configure a partition to use a VSCSI disk hosted by the Virtual I/O Server • Configure a partition to use the optical media drive configured as a VSCSI device and hosted by the Virtual I/O Server • Optionally, test a system backup/restoration using the virtual DVD

Introduction In this exercise, you will configure the Virtual I/O Server to host VSCSI devices for AIX partitions. This includes configuring storage resources and virtual target devices to provide clients with access to file-backed disks and file-backed optical devices.

Requirements • This workbook. • A workstation with a web browser connected to a network. • A POWER7 processor-based managed system connected to the same network as the workstations. • A system from which to start an SSH session to the HMC.

© Copyright IBM Corp. 2009, 2013

Exercise 11. (Optional) File-backed virtual disk and virtual media

Course materials may not be reproduced in whole or in part without the prior written permission of IBM.

11-1

Student Exercises with hints

Exercise instructions with hints Preface • All exercises for this unit depend on the availability of specific equipment in your lab and at your desk. You will need: - A managed system configured with one VIO server (Version 1.5.2 or later) and one client LPAR (AIX 7.1) per student. - A system from which to execute remote commands to the HMC (by way of SSH): All lab systems need to be accessible to each other on a network. - One available disk of 8 GB size attached to the VIO server for creating a storage pool. • Hints are provided for the exercises in case you need them and to provide solutions for the exercise steps. All hints are marked by a » sign.

Introduction The goal of this exercise is to create a VSCSI disk backed by a file, create a virtual media repository, and back up your client LPAR operating system to a blank virtual DVD-RAM. At the end of the exercise, you will restore your client LPAR backup from the virtual DVD-RAM. This exercise is presented in three parts: • Part 1: Create a file-backed virtual disk. • Part 2: Create a virtual media repository and a blank virtual DVD-RAM. • Part 3: Backup/restore your client LPAR OS to the virtual optical media device.

Part 1: Create a file-backed virtual disk __ 1. Open a virtual terminal or a Telnet session to your assigned VIO server. In the Virtual I/O Server CLI, list all of the disks. Use the lspv command to also see where rootvg resides.

11-2 Power Virtualization I

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V7.0.2 Student Exercises with hints

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» Here is an example command and its output that shows rootvg on hdisk0. The disks on your lab system might or might not have PVIDs associated with all of the disks. $ lspv NAME hdisk0 hdisk1 hdisk2 hdisk3 hdisk4 hdisk5 hdisk6 hdisk7

PVID 00f784aee0fd700a 00f784ae17ad9d8b 00f784ae1822ad34 none none none none none

VG rootvg None None None None None None None

STATUS active

__ 2. For performing this exercise, you must use a non-shared hdisk device of 8 GB in size. In your configuration the VIO server should have one non-shared LUN that is 8 GB in size. You can determine which disk is 8 GB in size by issuing the following command sequence: $ > > > >

lspv | while read a b do echo "$a \c" echo bootinfo -s $a | oem_setup_env done

The output should show there is one disk with a size of 8192. Record the hdisk number here: _______________________________ Note For the rest of the exercise, we will assume that hdisk7 is the 8 GB hdisk.

__ 3. Use the mksp command to create a new logical volume storage pool. Only include hdisk7 in this storage pool. Call the storage pool datasp. » Example command to create a new logical volume storage pool: $ mksp -f datasp hdisk7 __ 4. View the output of lspv to verify that hdisk7 is in the datasp volume group (storage pool). Also, run the lssp command to verify the datasp storage pool (LVPOOL).

© Copyright IBM Corp. 2009, 2013

Exercise 11. (Optional) File-backed virtual disk and virtual media

Course materials may not be reproduced in whole or in part without the prior written permission of IBM.

11-3

Student Exercises with hints

» Example commands and their outputs: $ lspv NAME hdisk0 hdisk1 hdisk2 hdisk3 hdisk4 hdisk5 hdisk6 hdisk7 $ lssp Pool rootvg datasp

PVID 00f784aee0fd700a 00f784ae17ad9d8b 00f784ae1822ad34 none none none none 00f015b31d5ea7f3 Size(mb) 30656 8120

VG rootvg None None None None None None datasp

Free(mb) Alloc Size(mb) 23808 64 8120 8

STATUS active

active

BDs Type 0 LVPOOL 0 LVPOOL

__ 5. Create the file-backed disk storage pool inside the datasp storage pool. Name it fbpool and make it 1 GB in size. » Example command and its output: $ mksp -fb fbpool -sp datasp -size 1G fbpool File system created successfully. 1040148 kilobytes total disk space. New File System size is 2097152 __ 6. Now create a file-backed virtual disk device called fb_disk1 in the fbpool storage pool. Make the disk 500 MB in size and associate it with the VSCSI server adapter defined on your VIO server. If you have been following the instructions in the previous exercise, this should be vhost0. When you run the command to create the disk device, note the new virtual target device name. The new virtual target device name for the FB disk device is: _________________________________________________________________ » Example command and its output. In the example below, you can note that the new VTD name is vtscsi0. $ mkbdsp -sp fbpool 500m -bd fb_disk1 -vadapter vhost0 Creating file "fb_disk1" in storage pool "fbpool". Assigning file "fb_disk1" as a backing device. vtscsi0 Available fb_disk1 __ 7. View the lsmap output for your vhost0 adapter to verify the configuration. You should notice the new virtual target device and its associated backing device.

11-4 Power Virtualization I

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V7.0.2 Student Exercises with hints

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» Here is an example command and its output: $ lsmap -vadapter vhost0 SVSA Physloc Client Partition ID --------------- -------------------------------------------- -----------------vhost0 U8233.E8B.1084AER-V1-C12 0x00000015 VTD Status LUN Backing device Physloc

lpar1_vtd Available 0x8100000000000000 hdisk1 U5877.001.RCH8623-P1-C6-T1-W500507680140B855-L1000000000000

VTD Status LUN Backing device Physloc

vtscsi0 Available 0x8200000000000000 /var/vio/storagepools/fbpool/fb_disk1 U5877.001.RCH8623-P1-C6-T1-W500507680140B855-L1000000000000

__ 8. View the lsdev -virtual output and see the description for the your new virtual target device. » Here is an example command and its output. Note the description for the new vtscsi device. $ lsdev -virtual | grep vtscsi0 vtscsi0 Available Virtual Target Device - File-backed Disk __ 9. Log in to your client LPAR and run the lsdev -c disk -S a command; then run cfgmgr, and then run lsdev -c disk -S a again. You should see the new disk device. » Example commands and their outputs: # lsdev -c disk -S a hdisk0 Available # cfgmgr # lsdev -c disk -S a hdisk0 Available hdisk1 Available

Virtual SCSI Disk Drive

Virtual SCSI Disk Drive Virtual SCSI Disk Drive

__ 10. Now you have a new virtual disk. Let us look at some commands to view information about that disk. Let us first make a new volume group with this disk in it. Make a volume group named newvg on your AIX LPAR using the new disk. The new disk is probably called hdisk1. Here is the mkvg command and its output. Also, use the lspv or lsvg command to verify that the new volume group was created.

© Copyright IBM Corp. 2009, 2013

Exercise 11. (Optional) File-backed virtual disk and virtual media

Course materials may not be reproduced in whole or in part without the prior written permission of IBM.

11-5

Student Exercises with hints

» Example commands and their outputs: # mkvg -y newvg hdisk1 0516-1254 mkvg: Changing the PVID in the ODM. newvg # lspv hdisk0 00f784ae17ad9d8b hdisk1 00f784ae1d67cfa0 hdisk2 none # lsvg rootvg newvg

rootvg newvg None

active active

__ 11. Optional step: Use SMIT to create a 100 MB file system in the newvg volume group with the mount point /newfiles. Mount the file system, and verify that you can access it. You have just successfully added a file-backed virtual disk to your AIX LPAR. » To create a file system, use the smitty storage command. » Choose File Systems from the menu. » Choose Add / Change / Show / Delete File Systems from the menu. » Choose Enhanced Journaled File Systems from the menu. » Choose Add an Enhanced Journaled File System from the menu. » You will need to choose the correct volume group. Highlight newvg, and press Enter. » In the input screen, change the unit size to Megabytes. (You can press the Tab key to change it.) » Use the arrow to move down once, and then, for number of units, enter 100. » Move the arrow down once, and enter a mount point name of /newfiles. » Press Enter to create your new file system, then exit the SMIT tool. » Type mount /newfiles to mount the file system. Run the mount command to view your new file system.

11-6 Power Virtualization I

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V7.0.2 Student Exercises with hints

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Part 2: Create a virtual media repository and a blank virtual DVD-RAM In this part of the exercise, you will create a virtual media repository in your datasp storage pool (volume group) that you created in part one of this exercise. __ 12. At your VIOS partition's CLI, use the lssp command to view all of your storage pools. You should have two logical volume pools named rootvg and datasp and one file-backed pool named fbpool. » Example command and its output: $ lssp Pool rootvg datasp fbpool

Size(mb) 30656 8120 1016

Free(mb) Alloc Size(mb) 23808 64 7096 8 515 8

BDs 0 0 2

Type LVPOOL LVPOOL FBPOOL

__ 13. Create a 6 GB virtual media repository with the mkrep command. Create it in the datasp logical volume storage pool that you created previously in this exercise. » Example command and its output: $ mkrep -sp datasp -size 6G Virtual Media Repository Created Repository created within "VMLibrary_LV" logical volume __ 14. List the details of the media repository, and check its size. » Example command and its output: $ lsrep Size(mb) Free(mb) Parent Pool 6118 6118 datasp

Parent Size 8120

Parent Free 952

__ 15. Create a 5 GB blank virtual optical media disk in the repository. Create it with the name aixopt1. It will be read-write by default (this command takes about one minute to complete). » Example mkvopt command to create the 5 GB size virtual optical media disk. $ mkvopt -name aixopt1 -size 5G __ 16. View the repository again, and verify that the virtual optical media disk was created. » Example command and its output: $ lsrep Size(mb) Free(mb) Parent Pool 6118 998 datasp

Parent Size 8120

Name aixopt1

File Size Optical 5120 None

© Copyright IBM Corp. 2009, 2013

Parent Free 952 Access rw

Exercise 11. (Optional) File-backed virtual disk and virtual media

Course materials may not be reproduced in whole or in part without the prior written permission of IBM.

11-7

Student Exercises with hints

__ 17. Now the VIOS partition has a virtual media repository and one virtual blank DVD-RAM. The next few steps will have you make the virtual optical device available to a partition. Create a file-backed virtual optical device, and associate it with the vhost adapter already serving the backing devices to your assigned client LPAR. It should be vhost0. » Example command and its output (where the vhost name is vhost0): $ mkvdev -fbo -vadapter vhost0 vtopt0 Available __ 18. Load your aixopt1 media disk in the new virtual optical device. » Example command: $ loadopt -vtd vtopt0 -disk aixopt1 __ 19. Now view the repository, and see what is different in the output from the last lsrep command that you ran in Step 16. » Here is an example command and its output. Notice that the Optical column now lists the virtual target device name of the virtual optical device. $ lsrep Size(mb) Free(mb) Parent Pool 6118 998 datasp

Parent Size 8120

Name aixopt1

File Size Optical 5120 vtopt0

Parent Free 952 Access rw

__ 20. Log in to your client LPAR and run the lsdev -Cs vscsi command; then run cfgmgr, and then run lsdev -Cs vscsi again. You should see the new VSCSI optical device served by the VIO server. » Example commands and their outputs: # lsdev -Cs vscsi hdisk0 Available hdisk1 Available # cfgmgr # lsdev -Cs vscsi cd0 Available hdisk0 Available hdisk1 Available

Virtual SCSI Disk Drive Virtual SCSI Disk Drive

Virtual SCSI Optical Served by VIO Server Virtual SCSI Disk Drive Virtual SCSI Disk Drive

Part 3: Backup/restore your client LPAR OS to the virtual optical media device Now you have a virtual optical media drive loaded with a blank virtual DVD-RAM and ready to be used by your client LPAR. You will back up your client LPAR operating system onto this blank DVD-RAM. 11-8 Power Virtualization I

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V7.0.2 Student Exercises with hints

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__ 21. Log in to your client LPAR and run the smitty sysbackup command to create a system backup image (mksysb) in UDF format to your virtual DVD-RAM from the system rootvg. » From the smitty sysbackup fast path, select Backup up this system to DVD. Select 2 no to the question Use an existing mksysb image? » Select 2 UDF (Universal Disk Format) to the question DVD backup media format? » In the SMIT panel that is displayed (example shown below) enter /dev/cd0 in the DVD-RAM Device field, then press Enter to execute the operation. Back Up This System to UDF DVD Type or select values in entry fields. Press Enter AFTER making all desired changes. [Entry Fields] DVD-RAM Device

[]

mksysb creation options: Create map files? Exclude files? Disable software packing of backup? Backup extended attributes? File system to store mksysb image (If blank, the file system will be created for you.)

no no no yes

+

+ + + +

[]

/

If file systems are being created: Volume Group for created file systems

[rootvg]

+

Advanced Customization Options: Do you want the DVD to be bootable? Install bundle file File with list of packages to copy to DVD Location of packages to copy to DVD Customization script User supplied bosinst.data file Debug output? User supplied image.data file Back up encrypted files? Back up DMAPI filesystem files?

yes [] [] [] [] [] no [] yes yes

+ / / +/ / / + / + +

» When you create a system backup using the smitty sysbackup menu, the mkcd command is invoked and creates a temporary file system to store the mksysb file before copying it to the DVD. If you get an error message stating that there are not enough free partitions to satisfy the allocation request, you need to free some disk space in the rootvg volume group and restart the backup.

© Copyright IBM Corp. 2009, 2013

Exercise 11. (Optional) File-backed virtual disk and virtual media

Course materials may not be reproduced in whole or in part without the prior written permission of IBM.

11-9

Student Exercises with hints

» Example output from a successful backup is shown below: Initializing mkcd log: /var/adm/ras/mkcd.log... Verifying command parameters... Creating image.data file... Creating temporary file system: /mkcd/mksysb_image... Creating mksysb image... Creating list of files to back up. .. Backing up 103584 files............ 103584 of 103584 files (100%) 0512-038 mksysb: Backup Completed Successfully. Populating the CD or DVD file system... Copying backup to the CD or DVD file system... .... Building chrp boot image... Removing temporary file system: /mkcd/mksysb_image... __ 22. You now have a virtual DVD-RAM media that contains a bootable mksysb. This DVD-RAM can be used to restore the client LPAR in case of recovery. The next step is to restore this bootable media image to your client LPAR. __ a. Shut down your assigned client LPAR. » Issue a shutdown command: $ shutdown -F __ b. Wait until the partition has a state of Not Activated, then activate your partition selecting the SMS boot mode. Open the virtual console terminal window and interact with the menu. __ c. In the main menu, select the option 5 Select Boot Options, and then option 1 Select Install/Boot Device. Select option 3 CD/DVD Device Type and then option 1 SCSI Media Type. Select the media adapter. If there is a choice, select the media adapter in virtual slot 12. You should then see something like this: ---------------------------------------------------------------Select Device Device Current Device Number Position Name 1. SCSI CD-ROM ( loc=U8233.E8B.1084AER-V21-C12-T1-L8300000000000000 ) Select device 1 SCSI CD-ROM, and select task 2 Normal Mode Boot. Select 1 Yes to confirm that you want to exit System Management Services and start the boot sequence. 11-10 Power Virtualization I

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V7.0.2 Student Exercises with hints

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__ d. Type 1 and press Enter to select the system console if prompted. __ e. Type 1 and press Enter to select the language. __ f.

Your terminal screen should now display the Installation and Maintenance menu. Type 2 and press Enter to select Change/Show Installation Settings and Install.

__ g. Press 1 and select hdisk0 as the disk where you want to install. The hdisk0 should be a 10 GB size disk. Accept by pressing 0 to continue with choices indicated above. __ h. Start the installation by selecting 0 to continue with the choices. Depending on your mksysb size, the install might take as little as five to 10 minutes. When the client partition is booted, log in using root. __ 23. That is the end of this exercise. Notify your instructor that you are finished.

End of exercise

© Copyright IBM Corp. 2009, 2013

Exercise 11. (Optional) File-backed virtual disk and virtual media

Course materials may not be reproduced in whole or in part without the prior written permission of IBM.

11-11

Student Exercises with hints

11-12 Power Virtualization I

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V8.0

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