Amrita Pritam

Amrita Pritam

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Amrita Pritam Amrita Pritam

Born

August 31, 1919 Gujranwala, Punjab Present Day Punjab Pakistan

Died

October 31, 2005 (aged 86) Delhi, India

Occupation

Novelist, poet, essayist

Nationality

Indian

Period

1936–2004

Genres

poetry, prose, autobiography

Subjects

partition of India, women, dream

Literary movement Romantic-Progressivism Notable work(s)

Pinjar (novel) Aj Akhan Waris Shah Nu (poem) Suneray (poem)

Amrita Pritam born as Amrita Kaur (31 August 1919 – 31 October 2005) was a Punjabi writer and poet, considered the first prominent woman Punjabi poet, novelist, and essayist, and the leading 20th-century poet of the Punjabi language, who is equally loved on both the sides of the India-Pakistan border, with a career spanning over six decades, she produced over 100 books, of poetry, fiction, biographies, essays, a collection of Punjabi folk songs and an autobiography that were translated into several Indian and foreign languages.[1][2] She is most remembered for her poignant poem, Aj Aakhaan Waris Shah Nu (Today I invoke Waris Shah – "Ode to Waris Shah"), an elegy to the 18th-century Punjabi poet, an expression of her anguish over massacres during the partition of India. As a novelist her most noted work was Pinjar (The Skeleton) (1950), in which she created her memorable character, Puro, an epitome of violence against women, loss of humanity and ultimate surrender to existential fate; the novel was made into an award-winning film, Pinjar in 2003.[3][4] When the former British India was partitioned into the independent states of India and Pakistan in 1947, she migrated from Lahore, to India, though she remained equally popular in Pakistan throughout her life, as compared to her contemporaries like Mohan Singh and Shiv Kumar Batalvi.

Amrita Pritam Known as the most important voice for the women in Punjabi literature, in 1956, she became the first woman to win the Sahitya Akademi Award for her magnum opus, a long poem, Sunehe (Messages),[5] later she received the Bhartiya Jnanpith, one of India's highest literary awards, in 1982 for Kagaz Te Canvas (The Paper and the Canvas). The Padma Shri came her way in 1969 and finally, Padma Vibhushan, India's second highest civilian award, in 2004, and in the same year she was honoured with India's highest literary award, given by the Sahitya Akademi (India's Academy of Letters), the Sahitya Akademi Fellowship given to the "immortals of literature" for lifetime achievement.[6]

Biography Formative years Amrita Pritam was born as Amrita Kaur in 1919 in Gujranwala, Punjab, in present-day Pakistan,[1] the only child of a school teacher, a poet and a scholar of Braj Bhasha, Kartar Singh Hitkari, who also edited a literary journal.[7][8] Besides this, he was a pracharak – a preacher of the Sikh faith.[9] Amrita's mother died when she was eleven. Soon after, she and her father moved to Lahore, where she lived till her migration to India in 1947. Confronting adult responsibilities, and besieged by loneliness following her mother's death, she began to write at an early age. Her first anthology of poems, Amrit Lehran (Immortal Waves) was published in 1936, at age sixteen, the year she married Pritam Singh, an editor to whom she was engaged in early childhood, and changed her name from Amrita Kaur to Amrita Pritam.[10] Half a dozen collections of poems were to follow in as many years between 1936 and 1943. Though she began her journey as romantic poet, soon she shifted gears,[5] and became part of the Progressive Writers' Movement and its effect was seen in her collection, Lok Peed (People's Anguish) (1944), which openly criticized the war-torn economy, after the Bengal famine of 1943. She was also involved in social work to certain extent and participated in such activities wholeheartedly, after Independence when social activist Guru Radha Kishan took the initiative to bring the first Janta Library in Delhi, which was inaugurated by Balraj Sahni and Aruna Asaf Ali and contributed to the occasion accordingly. This study centre cum library is still running at Clock Tower, Delhi. She also worked at Lahore Radio Station for a while, before the partition of India[11] Renowned theatre person and the director of the immortal partition movie 'Garam Hava', MS Sathyu paid a theatrical tribute to her through the rare theatrical performance 'Ek Thee Amrita'. Culled from her many writings this rare biographical docu-drama is produced by K K Kohli of Impresario Asia. Written by Danish Iqbal, who had earlier penned 'Sahir', this Play has memorable performances by well known actors like Lovleen Thadani, Mangat Ram, Vijay Nagyal, Kedar Sharma, and others.

Partition of British India Some one million Muslims, Hindus and Sikhs died from communal violence that followed the partition of British India in 1947, and left Amrita Pritam a Punjabi refugee at age 28, when she left Lahore and moved to New Delhi. Subsequently in 1948, while she was pregnant with her son, and travelling from Dehradun to Delhi, she expressed anguish on a piece of paper[12] as the poem, "Ajj akhaan Waris Shah nu" (I ask Waris Shah Today); this poem was to later immortalise her and become the most poignant reminder of the horrors of Partition.[13] The poem addressed to the Sufi poet Waris Shah, author of the tragic saga of Heer and Ranjah and with whom she shares her birthplace,[14] the Punjabi national epic: ਅੱਜ ਆਖਾਂ ਵਾਰਸ ਸ਼ਾਹ ਨੂੰ ਕਿਤੋਂ ਕਬਰਾਂ ਵਿਚੋਂ ਬੋਲ। ਤੇ ਅੱਜ ਕਿਤਾਬੇ ਇਸ਼ਕ ਦਾ ਕੋਈ ਅਗਲਾ ਵਰਕਾ ਫੋਲ। ਇਕ ਰੋਈ ਸੀ ਧੀ ਪੰਜਾਬ ਦੀ ਤੂ ਲਿਖ ਲਿਖ ਮਾਰੇ ਵੈਣ ਅਜ ਲੱਖਾਂ ਧੀਆਂ ਰੌਂਦੀਆਂ ਤੈਨੂ ਵਾਰਸਸ਼ਾਹ ਨੂੰ ਕਹਿਣ: ਵੇ ਦਰਦਮੰਦਾਂ ਦਿਆ ਦਰਦੀਆ ਉੱਠ ਤੱਕ ਆਪਣਾ ਪੰਜਾਬ।

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Amrita Pritam ਅਜ ਬੇਲੇ ਲਾਸ਼ਾਂ ਵਿਛੀਆਂ ਤੇ ਲਹੂ ਦੀ ਭਰੀ ਚਨਾਬ [1] http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=as7loyQSm7k Aj aakhan Waris Shah nun kiton kabraan vichchon bol, Te aj kitab-e-ishq daa koi agla varka phol.. Ik roi si dhi Punjab di tun likh likh maare vaen, Aj lakhaan dhian rondian tainun Waris Shah nun kehn.. Uth dardmandaan dia dardia uth takk apna Punjab, Aj bele lashaan bichhiaan te lahu di bhari Chenab.. Kise ne panjaan paaniyan wich ditti zehar ralla, Te unna paaniya dhar ton ditta pani laa.. Iss zarkhe zamin de loon loon phuteya zehar, Gith gith chadiyan laliyan foot foot chadeya zehar.. Aj aakhan Waris Shah nun, kiton kabraan vichchon bol, Te aj kitab-e-ishq daa koi agla varka phol.. Weho walissi waah fer wan wan waggi jaa, Unne har ik wans di wanjhali ditti naag bana.. Naagaan keelle log muuh,bas fer dang hi dang, Pallo palli punjab de neele pai gye aang.. Galeyon tutte geet fer, trakleyon tutti tand, Tarinjneyon tutiyan saheliyan, chrekhre kookar band.. Sane sej de bediyan,luddan ditiyan rod, Sane daliyan peengh ajj, peeplan ditti tod.. Jitthe vajdi si kook pyar di, oh vanjali gayi guwach, Ranjhe de sab veer ajj bhul gye usdi jaach.. Dharti te lau vaseya, kabran paiyyan chon, Preet diyan sehzadiyan ajj vich mazaaraan ron.. Ajj sabbe kaidon ban gaye, husan ishq de chor, Ajj kithon le aaiye labh ke waris shah ik hor.. Aj aakhan Waris Shah nun, kiton kabraan vichchon bol, Te aj kitab-e-ishq daa koi agla varka phol.. Today, I call Waris Shah, “Speak from your grave” And turn, today, the book of love’s next affectionate page Once, a daughter of Punjab cried and you wrote a wailing saga Today, a million daughters, cry to you, Waris Shah Rise! O’ narrator of the grieving; rise! look at your Punjab Today, fields are lined with corpses, and blood fills the Chenab[15][16] Amrita Pritam worked until 1961 in the Punjabi service of All India Radio, Delhi. After her divorce in 1960, her work became more clearly feminist. Many of her stories and poems drew on the unhappy experience of her marriage. A number of her works have been translated into English, French, Danish, Japanese and other languages from Punjabi and Urdu, including her autobiographical works Black Rose and Revenue Stamp (Raseedi Tikkat in Punjabi). The first of Amrita Pritam's books to be filmed was Dharti Sagar te Sippiyan, as ‘Kadambar’ (1965), followed by ‘Unah Di Kahani’, as Daaku (Dacoit, 1976), directed by Basu Bhattacharya.[17] Her novel Pinjar (The Skeleton, 1970) was made into an award winning Hindi movie by Chandra Prakash Dwivedi, because of its humanism: "Amritaji has portrayed the suffering of people of both the countries." Pinjar was shot in a border region of Rajasthan and in Punjab. She edited "Nagmani", a monthly literary magazine in Punjabi for several years, which she ran together with Imroz, for 33 years; though after Partition she wrote prolifically in Hindi as well.[18][19] Later in life, she turned to Osho and wrote introductions for several books of Osho, including Ek Onkar Satnam,[20] and also started writing on spiritual themes and dreams, producing works like Kaal Chetna (Time Consciousness) and Agyat Ka Nimantran (Call of the Unknown).[21] She had also published autobiographies, titled, Kala Gulab (Black Rose) (1968), Rasidi Ticket (The Revenue Stamp) (1976), and Aksharon kay Saayee (Shadows of Words).[7][22]

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Amrita Pritam

English translation of (Ajj Akhan Waris Shah nu) I say to Waris Shah today, speak from your grave And add a new page to your book of love Once one daughter of Punjab wept, and you wrote your long saga; Today thousands weep, calling to you Waris Shah: Arise, o friend of the afflicted; arise and see the state of Punjab, Corpses strewn on fields, and the Chenaab flowing with much blood. Someone filled the five rivers with poison, And this same water now irrigates our soil. Where was lost the flute, where the songs of love sounded? And all Ranjha's brothers forgotten to play the flute. Blood has rained on the soil, graves are oozing with blood, The princesses of love cry their hearts out in the graveyards. Today all the Quaido'ns have become the thieves of love and beauty, Where can we find another one like Waris Shah? Waris Shah! I say to you, speak from your grave And add a new page to your book of love.

Acclaim Amrita is the first recipient of Punjab Rattan Award conferred upon her by Punjab Chief Minister Capt. Amarinder Singh. She is first woman recipient of the Sahitya Akademi Award in 1956 for Sunehey (Messages), Amrita Pritam received the Bhartiya Jnanpith Award, India's highest literary award, in 1982 for Kagaj te Canvas (Paper and Canvas).[23] She received the Padma Shri (1969) and Padma Vibhushan, India's second highest civilian award, and Sahitya Akademi Fellowship, India's highest literary award, also in 2004. She received D.Litt. honorary degrees, from many universities including, Delhi University (1973), Jabalpur University (1973) and Vishwa Bharati (1987)[24] She also received International Vaptsarov Award from the Republic of Bulgaria (1979) and Degree of Officer dens, Ordre des Arts et des Lettres (Officier) by the French Government (1987).[18] She was nominated as a member of Rajya Sabha 1986–92. Towards the end of her life, she was awarded by Pakistan's Punjabi Academy, to which she had remarked, Bade dino baad mere maike ko meri yaad aayi.. (My motherland has remembered me after a long time); and also Punjabi poets of Pakistan, sent her a chaddar, from the tombs of Waris Shah, and fellow Sufi mystic poets Bulle Shah and Sultan Bahu.[1]

Personal life In 1935, Amrita married Pritam Singh, son of a leading hosiery merchant of Lahore's Anarkali bazaar. In 1960, Amrita Pritam left her husband. She is also said to have an unrequited affection for poet Sahir Ludhianvi.[25] The story of this love is depicted in her autobiography, Rasidi Ticket. When another woman, singer Sudha Malhotra came into the life of Sahir, Amrita found solace in the companionship of the renowned artist and writer Imroz. She spent the last forty years of her life with Imroz, who also designed most of her book covers and made her the subject of his several paintings. Their life together is also the subject of a book, Amrita Imroz: A Love Story.[26][27] She died in her sleep on 31 October 2005 at the age of 86 in New Delhi, after a long illness.[28] She was survived by her partner Imroz, daughter Kandlla, son Navraj Kwatra, daughter-in-law Alka, and her grandchildren, Taurus, Noor, Aman and Shilpi. Navraj Kwatra was killed in 2012.[29]

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Amrita Pritam

Legacy In 2007, an audio album titled, 'Amrita recited by Gulzar' was released by noted lyricist Gulzar, with poems of Amrita Pritam recited by him,[30][31] a film on her life is also on the anvil.[32]

Works In her career spanning over six decades, she penned 28 novels, 18 anthologies of prose, five short stories and 16 miscellaneous prose volumes. • • • • • • • • •

Doctor Dev Kore Kagaz, Unchas Din Sagar aur Seepian Rang ka Patta Dilli ki Galiyan Terahwan Suraj Yaatri Jilavatan (1968) Hardatt Ka Zindaginama

Autobiography • Rasidi Ticket (1976) • Shadows of Words (2004)

Short stories • Kahaniyan jo Kahaniyan Nahi • Kahaniyon ke Angan mein • Stench of Kerosene

Poetry anthologies • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •

Amrit Lehran (Immortal Waves)(1936) Jiunda Jiwan (The Exuberant Life) (1939) Trel Dhote Phul (1942) O Gitan Valia (1942) Badlam De Laali (1943) Sanjh de laali (1943) Lok Peera (The People's Anguish) (1944) Pathar Geetey (The Pebbles) (1946) Punjabi Di Aawaaz (1952) Sunehray (Messages) (1955) – Sahitya Akademi Award Ashoka Cheti (1957) Kasturi (1957) Nagmani (1964) Ik Si Anita (1964) Chak Nambar Chatti (1964) Uninja Din (49 Days) (1979)

• Kagaz Te Kanvas (1981)- Bhartiya Jnanpith • Chuni Huyee Kavitayen

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Amrita Pritam • ek baat

Literary journal • Nagmani, poetry monthly.

References [1] Amrita Pritam – Obituary (http:/ / www. guardian. co. uk/ news/ 2005/ nov/ 04/ guardianobituaries. india) The Guardian, 4 November 2005. [2] Amrita Pritam: A great wordsmith in Punjab’s literary history (http:/ / www. dailytimes. com. pk/ default. asp?page=2005\11\14\story_14-11-2005_pg7_43) Daily Times (Pakistan), 14 November 2005. [3] Always Amrita, Always Pritam (http:/ / www. tribuneindia. com/ 2005/ 20051105/ saturday/ main1. htm) Gulzar Singh Sandhu on the Grand Dame of Punjabi letters, The Tribune, 5 November 2005. [5] Amrita Pritam (http:/ / books. google. com/ books?id=m1R2Pa3f7r0C& pg=PA945& dq=Amrita+ Pritam& sig=ACfU3U0CpuZGiTYdM4_fgX4dsZaextbNnA#PPA945,M1) Modern Indian Literature: an Anthology, by K. M. George, Sahitya Akademi. 1992, ISBN 81-7201-324-8.945–947. [6] Sahitya Akademi fellowship for Amrita Pritam, Anantha Murthy (http:/ / www. hindu. com/ 2004/ 10/ 05/ stories/ 2004100514031300. htm) The Hindu, 5 October 2004. [7] Amrita Pritam (http:/ / books. google. com/ books?id=OjZYf9Xf9bcC& pg=PA160& dq=Amrita+ Pritam& sig=ACfU3U3DLfg8nbWhHgcYV9MdIhkuzxviSQ#PPA161,M1) Women Writing in India: 600 B.C. to the Present, by Susie J. Tharu, Ke Lalita, published by Feminist Press, 1991. ISBN 1-55861-029-4. Page 160-163. [8] New Panjabi Poetry ( 1935–47) (http:/ / books. google. com/ books?id=1lTnv6o-d_oC& pg=PA254& dq=Amrita+ Pritam& sig=ACfU3U1QKgR3CqBR6Vw_eBNoNj5e38LdYw#PPA254,M1) Handbook of Twentieth-century Literatures of India, by Nalini Natarajan, Emmanuel Sampath Nelson, Greenwood Publishing Group, 1996. ISBN 0-313-28778-3.Page 253-254. [9] Kushwant Singh, "Amrita Pritam: Queen of Punjabi Literature", The Sikh Times (http:/ / www. sikhtimes. com/ bios_111205a. html) [10] Amrita Pritam – Obituary (http:/ / www. independent. co. uk/ news/ obituaries/ amrita-pritam-513564. html) The Independent, 2 November 2005. [11] Editorial (http:/ / www. dailytimes. com. pk/ default. asp?page=2005\11\02\story_2-11-2005_pg3_1) Daily Times (Pakistan), 2 November 2005. [12] An alternative voice of history (http:/ / www. hindu. com/ lr/ 2005/ 12/ 04/ stories/ 2005120400040100. htm) Nonica Datta, The Hindu, 4 December 2005. [13] Juggling two lives (http:/ / www. hinduonnet. com/ thehindu/ mag/ 2005/ 11/ 13/ stories/ 2005111300030100. htm) The Hindu, 13 November 2005. [14] Complete Heer Waris Shah (http:/ / www. apnaorg. com/ poetry/ heercomp/ ) [15] Complete verse with Translation (http:/ / www. buzzvines. com/ amrita-pritham) [16] Ajj Aakhan Waris Shah Nu- Poetry in Amrita's Own Voice (http:/ / www. apnaorg. com/ audio/ amrita/ ) Academy of the Punjab in North America (APNA). [17] Jeevan Prakash Sharma, "Amrita Pritam's Novel to Be Rendered on Film", The Hindustan Times (August 27, 2002) (http:/ / www. sikhtimes. com/ news_082702a. html) [18] Amrita Pritam, The Black Rose (http:/ / www. languageinindia. com/ dec2005/ amritapritamsunwani1. html) by Vijay Kumar Sunwani, Language in India, Volume 5 : 12 December 2005. [19] Books of Amrita Pritam (http:/ / www. pustak. org/ bs/ home. php?author_name=Amrita Pritam) [20] A tribute to Amrita Pritam by Osho lovers (http:/ / www. sannyasworld. com/ index. php?name=News& file=article& sid=627) Sw. Chaitanya Keerti, sannyasworld.com. [21] Visions of Divinity – Amrita Pritam (http:/ / www. lifepositive. com/ Mind/ arts/ new-age-fiction/ amritapritam. asp) Life Positive, April 1996. [22] Amrita Pritam Biography (http:/ / www. chowk. com/ articles/ 9116) Chowk, 15 May 2005. [24] Amrita Pritam (http:/ / www. punjabilok. com/ poetry/ amrita_pritam. htm) www.punjabilok.com. [25] Sahir Biography (http:/ / www. upperstall. com/ people/ sahir-ludhianvi) Upperstall.com. [26] Amrita Preetam Imroz : A love Story of a Poet and a Painter (http:/ / passionforcinema. com/ amrita-preetam-imroz-a-love-story-of-a-poet-and-a-painter/ ) Passionforcinema.com, 8 August 2008. [27] Nirupama Dutt, "A Love Legend of Our Times" (http:/ / www. tribuneindia. com/ 2006/ 20061105/ spectrum/ book4. htm) Tribune, 5 November 2006. [29] Author Amrita Pritam’s son found murdered in his Borivali apartment (http:/ / www. mumbaimirror. com/ article/ 2/ 20120915201209150215309207efeb3dc/ Author-Amrita-Pritam’s-son-found-murdered-in-his-Borivali-apartment. html) [30] 'Amrita recited by Gulzar' (http:/ / www. gulzaronline. com/ default. htm) www.gulzaronline.com. [31] Gulzar recites for Amrita Pritam (http:/ / timesofindia. indiatimes. com/ Cities/ City_Supplements/ Bombay_Times/ Gulzar_recites_for_Amrita_Pritam/ articleshow/ 2008708. cms) Times of India, 7 May 2007.

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Amrita Pritam [32] Movie on Amrita Pritam to be shot in Himachal (http:/ / www. realbollywood. com/ news/ 2007/ 01/ movie-on-amrita-pritam-to-be-shot-in-himachal. html) realbollywood.com.

Further reading • • • •

• • • • •

Amrita Work in Shahmukhi http://www.apnaorg.com/poetry/amirta/ Uma Trilok, Amrita Imroz: A Love Story, Penguin India (2006) ISBN 0-14-310044-0 Indra Gupta, India’s 50 Most Illustrious Women ISBN 81-88086-19-3 Indian Fiction in English Translation – Chapt 4: Comments on Amrita Pritam's Magnum Opus: The Skeleton (Jagdev Singh) (http://books.google.com/books?id=R8nsSokP3jUC&pg=PA35&dq=Amrita+Pritam&lr=& sig=ACfU3U23Hh05PAk_jpa50eGg_n202IaRSg#PPA29,M1), by Shubha Tiwari. Atlantic Publishers & Distributors, 2005. ISBN 81-269-0450-X. Page 28-35 Studies in Punjabi Poetry. Chapt. 9- Amrita Pritam: The Poetry of Protest, by Darshan Singh Maini. Vikas Pub., 1979. ISBN 0-7069-0709-4. Page 109. 1st chapter of Revenue Stamp by Amrita Pritam (http://www.apnaorg.com/articles/amrita-biography/) "The Cellar" by Amrita Pritam (http://www.littlemag.com/bodypolitic/amritapritam.html) “Sahiban in Exile” by Amrita Pritam (http://www.littlemag.com/belonging/amrita.html) "The Weed" by Amrita Pritam (http://www.thedailystar.net/2004/02/07/d402072101111.htm)

• "Wild Flower" by Amrita Pritam (http://www.littlemag.com/jan-feb01/amrita.html) • Main Tenu Phir Milangi, (I will meet you yet again) Translation (http://www.littlemag.com/ghosts/ amritapritam.html)

External links • Amrita Pritam at Gadya Kosh (http://www.gadyakosh.org/gk/index.php?title=ठमृता_प्रीतम) (her prose work in Devanagari script) • Amrita Pritam and her Works at South Asian Women's Network (Sawnet) (http://www.sawnet.org/books/ authors.php?Pritam+Amrita) • Amrita Pritam 1919-2005-a tribute by Raza Rumi (http://www.razarumi.com/2008/06/09/ amrita-pritam-1919-2005/) • Poems by Amrita Pritam at Kavitayan (http://www.geocities.com/kavitayan/amritapritam.html) ( Archived (http://www.webcitation.org/5knHOg0LT) 2009-10-25) Video links • Aj Waris Shah Nu, Amrita Pritam's most important poem, recited by Gulzar (http://www.youtube.com/ watch?v=gvgSY81gVMM&feature=related) • Amrita Pritam's poem Main Tainu Pir Milangi recited by Gulzar (http://in.youtube.com/ watch?v=um6QOvOPol4&feature=related)

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Article Sources and Contributors

Article Sources and Contributors Amrita Pritam  Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=543101088  Contributors: Aayuhdamathia, Act241, Akarkera, Alren, Amalas, Amankwatra, Antorjal, Aparna rajesh, AtticusX, Aunhaider786, Auntof6, Barastert, Bbsrock, Bhadani, Bill william compton, Callanecc, CanisRufus, ChrisGualtieri, DaGizza, Delhicpi, Dharmadhyaksha, DoubleDoubleDouble, DrRom, Ekabhishek, EnayatBegum, Fconaway, GOLdenHaWK3D, Gaius Cornelius, Gaudio, Gauravjulka, Giridhar, Glacialfox, Gobonobo, Good Olfactory, Grenavitar, Gurubrahma, Haphar, Happysailor, Harman21j, Histoccuracy, Hunnjazal, IndianGeneralist, JaGa, Jay, Jeanenawhitney, John254, Ka Faraq Gatri, Kakagill, Karada, Ketaki Pole, Kguneet, Lalit Kumar, Mark Arsten, Mereda, MikeLynch, Mindmatrix, Mintoo44, Misarxist, Mnazirawan, Mo0, Murtasa, Nani345, Nick Number, Nlu, Nv8200p, Ohconfucius, Panjabisurma420, Peripatetic, Pernoctator, Phe, Randhirreddy, Ravichandar84, Rhodopsin 101, Rich Farmbrough, Rjwilmsi, RogDel, Roland zh, Saifu77, Satdeep gill, Satyenpandey, Sgs versifier, Shekhartagra, Shimily, Shivap, Shivashree, Sitush, Skysmith, Som123, Soman, SpacemanSpiff, Spitfire, Stallions2010, StephenWeber, Stumps, Sukh, Sushrutpadhye, Szhaider, Thaurisil, TheNewPhobia, Titodutta, Tom Radulovich, Trphierth, Usvi Kasine, VickSPaul, Vrenator, Wahjava, Wavelength, Woohookitty, Yworo, 92 anonymous edits

Image Sources, Licenses and Contributors File:Amrita Pritam (1919 – 2005) , in 1948.jpg  Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Amrita_Pritam_(1919_–_2005)_,_in_1948.jpg  License: Public Domain  Contributors: Amarjit Chandan Collection

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