Amalia Nur Rahmantia Skripsi PNJ

TOXJYTJ

ACO]BX-ACO]BX ZCGN @LGLG]\OCG OLY\]\TCG @CTZCXCOC] MCEC@ @L@HCZCX [COC] @LECE\J JGT]CGTJ HC[/EC[ (stumj ocsus ; @csycrcoct Djelmun Jgmcf 8, ]cgnlrcgn)

Mjsusug Belf ; C@CEJC G\X XCF@CG]JC GJ@. =:349

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TOXJYTJ

ACO]BX-ACO]BX ZCGN @LGLG]\OCG OLY\]\TCG @CTZCXCOC] MCEC@ @L@HCZCX [COC] @LECE\J JGT]CGTJ HC[/EC[ (stumj ocsus ; @csycrcoct Djelmun Jgmcf 8, ]cgnlrcgn)

Mjckuocg slhcncj Tcecf Tctu Tycrct ugtuo @lgylelscjocg Yrbnrc` Ylgmjmjocg Tcrkcgc Tcjgs ]lrcpcg pcmc Yrbnrc` Ttumj Olucgncg mcg Ylrhcgocg Tycrjcf Kuruscg Cougtcgsj Ybejtlogjo Glnlrj Kcocrtc

Mjsusug Belf ; C@CEJC G\X XCF@CG]JC GJ@. =:349

Yrbnrc` Ttumj Olucgncg Mcg Ylrhcgocg Tycrjcf Kuruscg Cougtcgsj Ybejtlogjo Glnlrj Kcocrtc Kuej 893>

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C`cejc Gur Xcf`cgtjc GJ@. =:349

Acotbr-Acotbr Zcgn @lglgtuocg Olputuscg @csycrcoct Mcec` @l`hcycr [coct @leceuj Jgstcgsj HC[/EC[ (Ttumj Ocsus ; @csycrcoct Djelmun Jgmcf 8, ]cgnlrcgn)

CHT]XCO

Ylglejtjcg jgj hlrtukucg ugtuo `lgncgcejsjs acotbr ycgn hlrplgncruf sjngjajocg tlrfcmcp olputuscg `csycrcoct mcec` `l`hcycr zcoct mj HC[/EC[, slrtc ugtuo `lgnukj acotbr tlrslhut sldcrc sj`uetcg hlrplgncruf tlrfcmcp olputuscg `csycrcoct mcec` `l`hcycr zcoct mj HC[/EC[. Ylglejtjcg jgj `lgnnugcocg plgmloctcg oucgtjtctja. Tc`ple mcec` plglejtjcg jgj cmcecf `csycrcoct `usej` mj Ylru`cfcg Djelmun Jgmcf 8, ]cgnlrcgn hlrku`ecf 399 rlspbgmlg. Jgstru`lg plgnu`puecg mctc ycgn mjnugcocg cmcecf mlgncg `lgnnugcocg oulsjbglr mlgncg socec ejolrt. Cgcejsjs mctc ycgn mjnugcocg cmcecf rlnrlsj hlrncgmc mlgncg tlrelhjf mcfueu mj ukj mlgncg ukj vcejmjtcs mcg ukj rlejchjejtcs. Fcsje `lgugkuoocg hcfwc sldcrc pcrsjce acotbr plgmcpctcg mcg sbsjcejscsj HC[/EC[ hlrplgncruf sjngjajocg tlrfcmcp olputuscg `csycrcoct mcec` `l`hcycr zcoct mj HC[/EC[. Mcg acotbr rlejnjusjtcs, ebocsj mcg olplrdcyccg tlrfcmcp HC[/EC[ tjmco hlrplgncruf pbsjtja mcg sjngjajocg tlrfcmcp olputuscg `csycrcoct mcec` `l`hcycr zcoct mj HC[/EC[. Tldcrc sj`uetcg, acotbr ]jgnoct Ylgmcpctcg, Xlejnjusjtcs, Ebocsj, Tbsjcejscsj HC[/EC[, mcg ]jgnoct Olplrdcyccg tlrfcmcp HC[/EC[, hlrplgncruf pbsjtja mcg sjngjajocg tlrfcmcp Olputuscg @csycrcoct @l`hcycr [coct mj HC[/EC[.

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Olplrdcyccg tlrfcmcp HC[/EC[ mcg Olputuscg @csycrcoct.

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C`cejc Gur Xcf`cgtjc GJ@. =:349

]fl A cdtbrs ]fct Mltlr`jgl Tbdjlty Mldjsjbg ]b Ycy [coct Bg HC[/EC[ J gstjtutjbg (Dcsl Ttumy; Tbdjlty Ba Djelmun J gmcf 8, ]cgnlrcgn)

CH T]XCD ] ]fl purpbsl ba tfjs rlslcrdf js tb cgceyzl tfl acdtbrs wfjdf mltlr`jgl tfl mldjsjbg ba sbdjlty tb pcy zcoct bg HC[/EC[ jgstjtutjbg, cgm tb lxc`jgl tfl acdtbrs sj`uetcglbusey caaldt tfl sbdjlty mldjsjbg tb pcy zcoct bg HC[/EC[ jgstjtutjbg. ]fl rlslcrdf uslm qucgtjtctjvl `ltfbms. ]fl rlspbgmlgts ba tfjs rlslcrdf crl 399 sc`pels wjtf jgtlrvjlw usjgn tfl jgstru`lgt ba mctc dbeeldtjbg ba Ejolrt sdcel qulstjbggcjrls tb @usej`‚s sbdjlty bg Ylru`cfcg Djelmun Jgmcf 8, ]cgnlrcgn. Mctc wfjdf fcvl hllg dbeeldtlm crl cgceyzlm hy usjgn `uetjpel ejglcr rlnrlssjbg hy ajrst stlp tb lxc`jgl wjtf Qcejmjty tlst cgm Xlejchjejty tlst. Jg pcrtjceey, tfl rlsuets sfbw tfct tfl acdtbr ba jgdb`l, cgm sbdjcejzctjbg arb` HC[/EC[ jgstjtutjbg fcvl c pbsjtjvl laaldt bg sbdjlty mldjsjbg tb pcy zcoct bg HC[/EC[ jgstjtutjbg. ^fjel, tfl acdtbr ba ebdctjbg, rlejnjbsjty, cgm trust bg HC[/EC[ fcvl gbt pbsjtjvl laaldt bg sbdjlty mldjsjbg tb pcy zcoct bg HC[/EC[ jgstjtutjbg. Fbwlvlr, wflg tfl tlr`s crl dceduectlm sj`uetcglbusey, jt dcg hl dbgdeumlm tfct tfl acdtbr ba jgdb`l, rlejnjbsjty, ebdctjbg, sbdjcejzctjbg arb` HC[/EC[ cgm trust bg HC[/EC[ jgstjtutjbg fcvl sjngjajdcgt j`pcdt bg sbdjlty mldjsjbg tb pcy zcoct bg HC[/EC[ jgstjtutjbg.

Olywbrms; Jgdb`l, Xlejnjbsjty, Ebdctjbg, Tbdjcejzctjbg arb` HC[/EC[, ]rust bg HC[/EC[, cgm Tbdjlty Mldjsjbg

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OC]C YLGNCG]CX

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slfjgnnc plguejs mcpct

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6. Tcfchct-scfchctou mj nrup Gjglhbd, Cyu, Loc, Jgmcgj, Jgtcg, Gjec`, Botc, \eac mcg \ycy ctcs muougncg, mb‚c mcg `btjvcsj mcec` prbsls plgyusugcg sorjpsj :. Tcfchctou slwcotu T@C, Nflc, Xbs`jctj, Yutlrj Ttleec, Lejsc, Xbsc mcg Caagy ctcs muougncg, mb‚c mcg `btjvcsj mcec` prbsls plgyusugcg sorjpsj 39. Tleuruf tl`cg-tl`cg Ylrhcgocg Tycrjcf cgnoctcg 8934 ofususgyc ugtuo HTM ctcs muougncg, mb‚c mcg `btjvcsj mcec` prbsls plgyusugcg sorjpsj 33. Tleuruf plncwcj mj Hcgo HGJ Tycrjcf Dchcgn Kcocrtc Hcrct mcg Hcgo DJ@H Gjcnc Tycrjcf Dchcgn @lgcrc Tumjr`cg ycgn tlecf `l`hlrjocg olsl`pctcg scyc ugtuo `lecouocg prcotjo olrkc ecpcgncg 38. Tl`uc pjfco ycgn sldcrc ecgnsugn `cupug tjmco ecgnsugn tlecf `l`hlrjocg muougncg mcg hcgtucggyc ugtuo plgylelscjcg sorjpsj jgj Ylguejs scgnct `lgycmcrj slplgufgyc hcfwc sorjpsj jgj `csjf kcuf mcrj sl`purgc, belf ocrlgc jtu scrcg mcg orjtjo ycgn sjactgyc `l`hcgnug mcec` rcgnoc plgyl`purgccg sorjpsj jgj, mcrj hlrhcncj pjfco ycgn scgnct mjfcrcpocg ml`j olsl`purgccg fcsje plglejtjcg jgj.

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C`cejc Gur Xcf`cgtjc

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MCA]CX JTJ

FCEC@CG K\M\E .......................................................................................................... jj EL@HCX YLXGZC]CCG OLCTEJCG ......................................................................... jjj EL@HCX YLXTL]\K\CG TOXJYTJ .............................................................................. jv EL@HCX YLGNLTCFCG ............................................................................................... v EL@HCX YLXGZC]CCG YLXTL]\K\CG Y\HEJOCTJ TOXJYTJ ............................ vj CHT]XCO ....................................................................................................................... vjj CHT]XCD] ...................................................................................................................... vjjj OC]C YLGNCG]CX ...................................................................................................... jx MCA]CX JTJ ..................................................................................................................... xj MCA]CX ]CHLE ............................................................................................................ xv MCA]CX NC@HCX ...................................................................................................... xvj MCA]CX EC@YJXCG .................................................................................................. xvjj HCH J YLGMCF\E\CG .................................................................................................. 3 3.3 Ectcr Hlecocgn @cscecf ...................................................................................... 3 3.8 Jmlgtjajocsj @cscecf ............................................................................................ = 3.4 Ylrtcgyccg Ylglejtjcg........................................................................................... < 3.= Hctcscg Ylglejtjcg ................................................................................................ < 3.< ]ukucg Ylglejtjccg ............................................................................................... < 3.1 @cgacct Ylglejtjcg ............................................................................................... 1 3.> Tjstl`ctjoc Ylguejscg .......................................................................................... 1 HCH JJ OCKJCG Y\T]COC .............................................................................................. 6 8.3 ]jgkcucg ]lbrjtjs.................................................................................................. 6 8.3.3 [coct ............................................................................................................... 6 8.3.8 ]l`pct Yl`hcycrcg [coct ........................................................................... 39 8.3.4 [coct Mcec` Ylgnlgtcscg Ol`jsojgcg ........................................................ 31

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8.3.= Acotbr-Acotbr ycgn @lglgtuocg Olputuscg @uzcooj `l`hcycr zcoct mj HC[/EC[........................................................................ 36 8.8 ]jgkcucg Yustcoc...................................... .......................................................... 41 8.4 Olrcgnoc Hlrajojr .............................................................................................. =9 8.= Fjpbtlsjs ............................................................................................................ =3 HCH JJJ @L]BMBEBNJ YLGLEJ]JCG.......................................................................... =4 4.3 Klgjs Ylglejtjcg .................................................................................................. =4 4.8 Ybpuecsj mcg Tc`ple .......................................................................................... =4 4.4 ]logjo Ylgnu`puecg Mctc ................................................................................ == 4.= Mlajgjsj Qcrjchle mcg Ylgnuourcggyc ............................................................... == 4.=.3 Mlajgjsj Qcrjchle .......................................................................................... == 4.=.8 Ylgyusugcg Qcrjchle .................................................................................... =< 4.< Ylgnukjcg Jgstru`lg Ylglejtjcg ......................................................................... =6 4.