ALSTOM SCADA Architechture

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ALSTOM SCADA Architechture...

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Introduction to System Architecture DS Agile Customer Training

Summary

1) BAY LEVEL- COMMUNICATION INTERFACE

Page 3

2) Communication Overview

Page 9

3) Architecture of LAN

Page 13

4) Process Level

Page 17

Introduction to System Architecture ALSTOM © 2007. We reserve all rights in this document and in the information contained therein. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties without express authority is strictly forbidden.

1.1) BAY LEVEL- COMMUNICATION INTERFACE • Protocol :- A communications protocol is a system of digital message formats and rules for exchanging those messages in or between computing systems and in telecommunications

™ Physical Layer :- The mode of communication ™ Architecture is the design of a communications network. It is a framework for the specification of a network's physical components and their functional organization and configuration, its operational principles and procedures, as well as data formats used in its operation.

Introduction to System Architecture ALSTOM © 2007. We reserve all rights in this document and in the information contained therein. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties without express authority is strictly forbidden.

1.2) OSI LAYERS OSI Stack Model (Open Systems Interconnection)

X What is a system ?

7

APPLICATION

6

PRESENTATION

5

SESSION

X How exchanging information ?

4

TRANSPORT

Š Following OSI stack model Š Using data

3

NETWORK

2

LINK LAYER

1

PHYSICAL

Š A set of devices z

with specific functions

z

that exchange information

z

with defined rules

z

with specific format (protocols)

z

with specific physical support

Introduction to System Architecture ALSTOM © 2007. We reserve all rights in this document and in the information contained therein. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties without express authority is strictly forbidden.

1.3) Physical connector -RS232 •

Basic specifications − − −

Allows for full duplex communications between 2 Connection type: DB9 Max distance of transmission: 15m



Data rate : 20Kbits/s

− −

Transmitter voltage: 5V to 15V

devices

max Mode of operation: DC coupling (risk of ground noise)

2 : Tx 3 : Rx 5 : Gnd ALSTOM © 2007. We reserve all rights in this document and in the information contained therein. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties without express authority is strictly forbidden.

1.4) Physical connector -IEEE 802.3 RJ45 • Basic specifications − Connection type: shielded twisted pair − Max distance of transmission: 200m − Data rate : 100Mbits/s max

Introduction to System Architecture ALSTOM © 2007. We reserve all rights in this document and in the information contained therein. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties without express authority is strictly forbidden.

1.5) Physical connector -Fiber optics Basic specifications •

Characteristics − − − −



Technique − − −



Light wave spreading from the reflection produced on the surface of the working medium Centre from 5 to 150 microns Connectors with extremely good mechanical accuracy

Maintenance −



Fast information flow Large pass band Noise immunity Good mechanical results

Easy to locate fibre cuts

Properties

− Multimode : 2000m • Data rate : 100Mbits/s max − Monomode : • Max distance of transmission: 15000m Data rate : 100Mbits/s max Introduction to System• Architecture •

Max distance of transmission:

ALSTOM © 2007. We reserve all rights in this document and in the information contained therein. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties without express authority is strictly forbidden.

Summary

1) BAY LEVEL- COMMUNICATION INTERFACE

Page 3

2) Communication Overview

Page 9

3) Architecture of LAN

Page 13

4) Process Level

Page 17

Introduction to System Architecture ALSTOM © 2007. We reserve all rights in this document and in the information contained therein. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties without express authority is strictly forbidden.

2.1) Communication overview X Pear-to-pear connection

Š Half Duplex communication (unidirectional) C264

C264

Collision

Š Full Duplex communication (bi-directional) C264

C264

Full duplex communication prevents data collision Introduction to System Architecture ALSTOM © 2007. We reserve all rights in this document and in the information contained therein. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties without express authority is strictly forbidden.

2.2) Communication overview

X Ethernet network principle

Š Direct communication between 3 system devices C264

C264

C264 Collision

Switch utilisation prevents data collision (an Ethernet switch is able to route information to the correct destination)

Introduction to System Architecture ALSTOM © 2007. We reserve all rights in this document and in the information contained therein. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties without express authority is strictly forbidden.

2.3) Communication overview X Ethernet network principle

Š Ethernet switch utilisation C264

C264

C264

1

4 2 Data frame

3

Ethernet switch Introduction to System Architecture

Buffer

ALSTOM © 2007. We reserve all rights in this document and in the information contained therein. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties without express authority is strictly forbidden.

Summary

1) BAY LEVEL- COMMUNICATION INTERFACE

Page 3

2) Communication Overview

Page 9

3) Architecture of LAN

Page 13

4) Process Level

Page 17

Introduction to System Architecture ALSTOM © 2007. We reserve all rights in this document and in the information contained therein. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties without express authority is strictly forbidden.

3.1) Bus architecture SCADA/EMS

SCADA OI GATEWAYS

Substation Level Ethernet switch

Ethernet switch

MiCOM M

Introduction to System Architecture ALSTOM © 2007. We reserve all rights in this document and in the information contained therein. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties without express authority is strictly forbidden.

3.2) Star architecture SCADA/EMS

OI

GATEWAY

Substation level

Ethenet switch

Introduction to System Architecture ALSTOM © 2007. We reserve all rights in this document and in the information contained therein. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties without express authority is strictly forbidden.

Bay level

3.3) Redundant ring architecture SCADA/EMS

SCADA OI GATEWAYS

Substation Level Ethernet switch

Ethernet switch

C264

Introduction to System Architecture ALSTOM © 2007. We reserve all rights in this document and in the information contained therein. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties without express authority is strictly forbidden.

Summary

1) BAY LEVEL- COMMUNICATION INTERFACE

Page 3

2) Communication Overview

Page 9

3) Architecture of LAN

Page 13

4) Process Level

Page 17

Introduction to System Architecture ALSTOM © 2007. We reserve all rights in this document and in the information contained therein. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties without express authority is strictly forbidden.

4.1) Communication overview X Master/Slave principle

The Master is requesting the data from its slave(s), and can also send orders (control) to the slave.

The slave replies to the Master only upon request, the Master can address him with specific address or by broadcasting. Introduction to System Architecture ALSTOM © 2007. We reserve all rights in this document and in the information contained therein. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties without express authority is strictly forbidden.

4.2) Communication overview X Master/Slave principle Slave Read @

Š Memory reading z

Low efficiency (read all time events even if nothing has changed)

z

One master as data receiver

Master

return @Value

Slave

Master

Š Event driven reading z

DNP3, T101, T103, Modbus

z

Medium efficiency (Only changes are red)

z

One master as data receiver

Do you have any changes ?

Yes (5% of the time) Send data!

One slave at a time Introduction to System Architecture ALSTOM © 2007. We reserve all rights in this document and in the information contained therein. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties without express authority is strictly forbidden.

Data change coming

4.3) Communication overview X Client/Server principle SERVER

Several client at a time These are all my data

I subscribe to these data I report the change of state of this data you subscribed

OPTIMIZED TRAFFIC Introduction to System Architecture ALSTOM © 2007. We reserve all rights in this document and in the information contained therein. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties without express authority is strictly forbidden.

CLIENT

AI/MV DI DO/AO

ELECTRIC/SYSTEM

datapoints

Remote HMI

Local HMI

X 6-20 KV Circuit breaker

X

6-20 KV X

Relays

X

Secondary network

X

Introduction to System Architecture ALSTOM © 2007. We reserve all rights in this document and in the information contained therein. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties without express authority is strictly forbidden.

Relays

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