Alchemical Traditions Sample

November 13, 2018 | Author: galaxy5111 | Category: Alchemy, Neidan, Western Esotericism, Esotericism, Western Philosophy
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Alchemical Traditions...

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 Acknowledgements  Acknowledgemen ts Peer Reviewers List o Illustrations

part i. cornerstones  Ancientt Alchemies,  Ancien Alchemies, East  West  West  Introduction to Part One: Introduction Circumambulating the Alchemical Mysterium A Chk 

18

1. Te Perect Black: Egypt and Alchemy  A Chk 

44

2. elestic ransormation and Philosophical Rebirth: From Ancient Egypt to Neoplatonism Ag Užv

92

 3. Metallurgy Metallurgy and Demiurgy: Demiurgy: Te Roots o Greek Alchemy in the  Mythology  M ythology o Hephaestos Hephaestos (Discussions) R Bkh

150

4. aking rom Water to Fill in Fire: Te History and Dynamics o aoist Alchemy  A Chk 

167 

 5. Mercury Mercury and Immortality: Immortality: Te Hindu Alchemical radition Dv G Wh

207 

6. Iatrochemistry Iatrochemistry,, Metaphysiology, Gnōsis: ibetan Alchemy in the Kālacakra antra K L

229

part ii. transormations  Alchemies  Alchem ies o the Spirit, Spirit, Body  Word  Word  Introduction to Part wo: Introduction Interzone: On the Origins and Nature o European Alchemy  A Chk 

292

 7. Te Alchemical  7. Alchemical Khiasmos: Khiasmos: Counter-Stretched Harmony and Divine Sel-Perception A Chk   S D V

310

8. Altus’ Ominous Aphorism: Reading as Alchemical Process M M

320

 9. urris urris Philosophorum: Philosophorum: On the Alchemical Iconography o the ower  Chh A. P

325

10. O Ether Ether,, Entheogens and Colloidal Gold: Heinrich Khunrath and the Making o a Philosophers’ Stone Hw 

355

11. Becoming an Angel: Te Mundus Imaginalis o Henry Corbin and the Platonic Path o Sel-Knowledge Ag V

421

12. Te Kiss o Death:  Amor,, Corpus Resurrectionis  Amor Resurrectionis and the  Alchemical  Alchem ical ransgur ransguration ation o Eros Eros P S

434

Mutations: 13. A gent o All Mutations:

458

 Metallurgical,, Biological and  Metallurgical and Spiritual  Evolution in the Alchemy o René Schwaller de Lubicz  A Chk  14. ake wo Emerald ablets in the Morning: Surrealism and the Alchemical ransubstantiation o the World  L Mv

518

15. Incredible Lunatic o the Future: Te Alchemical Horticulture o Alan Chadwick R Bkh

536 

16. Alchemical Endgame: ‘Checkmate’ in Beckett and Eliot  D Mh 

548

end matter  Abbreviations  Abbreviations Bibliography  Author  Auth or Biographies Biographies

639 641 677 

list o illustra illustrations tions 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12-14.

15. 16. 17.. 17

S     S -C -C ’’ Chrysopoeia (A, G-kg). M  S-M,  M. 2325, Bhèq , . 188, v, hh . J  g  wh . Shg-Zh D, . 1150-950 bce. V  A M, L (Ph,, Chk, 2005). (Ph S-M SM  h    Rv Rv  E  S- E S-  O O. . kg  W  F  F. Wh     (h  k). T P g gh h h   R h. F P A’ Cosmographia, siue Descripto universi Orbis (1584). Hermeticum (1678): ‘Wh   h F  h  Musæum Hermeticum ,    h : h whh   hv,  q h  h h’. q Ah    L Lk’ k’ De lapide philosophico  h  Musæum Hermeticum Hermeticum (1678). T h   w  G’ G’ Liber ornacum. Ah wh v v  h Mutus liber  ‘S Bk’ (1677,  10). T torre philosophica (hh w) hw h     . I    h  ()   (w). T   h g  Vitæ  wh h   kg h g  h  Aqua Vitæ (w  ). F D D’E’ Dell’Elixir Vitæ (O h Ex  L, 1624). P’, Ana  Anatomia tomia corporum adhuc adhuc viventium viventium (T A   S Lvg B, 1577), g h   h   h   h h . w    homo sanus (‘ hh h’);  hg  h   k   (  ).  Medicina icina catholica, catholica, 1629. R F, Med T w  ,     k,    h

Integrvm tegrvm morborvm mysterivm,    . R F, In 1631. 18-19. C w h h   h v  (f);  w h h   h g  h Z (gh). R F, Utriusque cosmi, 1617. 20. Ew K’ K’ v  h        Faithul thul Relat Relation ion w. Jh D  Ew K,  A rue  Fai (1659). 21-22 w  h h   g g h h     h v. A B’  ourneau cosmique (‘ ’) whh h h Z   h (1653);  T N’ z h g h h, g,    h (1678). 23. Cj  ‘L Ah Ah’  h ‘Ah Ah Kg’  h w/, g h j  hh    h  h ‘hh’ ’. C. P. L. 1066 (h ). 24. J J  L, Pretiosa Margarita novella (xh ), wh h   kg  q gv   h hh   h   h hh’ . 25. R S (fh ). 26. A gh ghhh    h h’ h’     Kh Amphithe hitheatrum atrum sapientiae aeternae (1609 ). ULB h’  Amp D, M. 3263 (wh   h Uvä- Lhk L hk D). 27.. 27 T     h j    , ,  Splendor Solis oder Sonnenglantz  (B Shk  Cx G. . 42,  16h ,   h 1972    Ig V). 28. Rg   K, Bh – h     Wh v Rg (1535-1592), wh  Khh  h h  1591. 29. T h h  G L,  Mh M’ M’  Ata  Atalanta lanta u giens (1618). Wh   h Bh Shk, Shk, Müh.  Aurora ora consurgens consurgens. Züh, 30. T coniunctio oppositorum,  h Aur Zhk, Z hk, M. Rh. 172: 172 : A g. g. Wh   h Z Zhk, hk, Züh. 31. T   aqua regia,  Lz Ek’  Aula subtersubterranea (1580). Wh   h Bh Shk, Shk, Mh.

32. 33. 34. 35.

36.

37. 37. 38. 39. 40.

T     g wh  ,,  C Mh  Atalanta lanta ugiens (1618). Wh   h BM’ Ata h Shk, Mh. T    ,,  h Consilium philosophicum  practicum (H UB, M. 14 A 12 (1)), . 16 v (Khh’ gh).  Aurora ora consurgens consurgens. Vg h   h h,  h Aur Züh, Zhk. M. Rh. 172: A g. Wh   h Z Zhk, hk, Züh. T   Hh Khh,   ghh  Amphithe hitheatrum atrum sapientiae sapientiae aeternae     h Amp (1609). ULB D, M. 3263 (wh   h UvUvä- Lhk D). T g ()  h  ()  h  (),  Lk, De lapide philosophico (1625): ‘B h h h   , wh h    h’. Wh   h Bh Shk, Mh. T h h  Farbenlehre  Ré Shw  Lz. B R  h ‘B G G’’  T III hwg    Nh  (D, w w, Kk). I  g g     h M   P B. A  I (Èz- (Èz--), -), Cô ’Az, Az, F. (Ph, Chk, 2005).

P O P cornerstones  Ancien  A ncientt Alchemi Alchemies, es, East  West 

Hw  h   . — Sw, w  h, k    —      , g  h    .. N    z   h  ,  M o r g e n r ö t e , § 5 4 1

I CIRCUMAMBULAING HE ALCHEMICAL MySERIUM A Chk  

‘O  h  wh    ’. —C. 1

A

lcem ma be described,  h w  B,     ‘g h   h ’. 2 A h     par excellence, h    h hv w  w: chrysopoeia  apotheosis (g-kg  g-kg)—h     . I kg k g   ‘  w’, h  h,, k  k , engages  x—f      —       vh  . Lk hg,  k    —h   h   h   g  —  h  ( )   h hgh   h  g. I  hgh , h, h   wh L k w  tikkun, h   h w. A v, h  h x    g x  — — xg x g v   h       g ‘Ch   C ‘Ch C ’’,  M M  Bertelot, Collection des anciens alchimistes grecs (P: Gg Gg Sh, 1887), 1887), v. 1., 132, 132, g. 11. 2 Ch Ba Baudelaire, udelaire, ‘L ‘L’’A A q’  q’,  Œv   Ch C h B B  (P: C Lév, 1885), v. 3, 68: ‘  ’é  ’. 1

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  v. Tgh h, h  h v h  h    , x  ,  h   h  v h . Hwv Hwv,,     g h h    contexts  ‘’ h w  -,  ritualistic. Whh  k  h qg (G C)   h--xh  Ch, h Sh    v I,  h g  hg x  H Eg, h   h  w w    v     h v wh k h h wh  . Mv,    w k, h h hq hv w g  w  v  h.. Ah h Ah  w  divine ;  hieratikē technē. Whh g  h hg   h x,  vg , h    h jnāna) w   v   hgh  x x ( gnōsis, jnāna  v v       v v   hg hg h h-. H h x g   g wh h v  h h         h     g g . T, h w  —x   h; neidan  waidan,   —,  h  ,  g   h  h  : h    hgh    x. D h gg k,   h    B’ h,   vh   h h    h  h  v’ v’     w   . O  h, h       w h  h vg h  h  h w’ h . O h h h, h            wh h  , h g (   contradictory ) x  h. Mv, h v   k h  ‘g ’ w h v  , w h ‘h’  h ‘h’,  hg  hg   h h      —h v,  v,  wh ‘’    ‘’, . I h , h  w    h   h ‘   qv hg’ ( Jk L  h  h k   G-Eg h),3     ‘qv x’ ( h wJk Lindsa, Te Origins o Alchemy in Graeco-Roman Egypt  (L: Fk M, 1970), 382-92. L  v   g h ‘’  h h  wh h     ‘h v        qv 3

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alchemical traditions

h- h, Ré Shw  Lz,  h wh g  h ‘g ’  g ). 4 Rh h   g, g  (whh w qk  v), wh I w k    h       g, hgh,  hg ‘’  h h mysterium. I  g, I k     h     h h , ,  , g h    v ‘’. O  h   hg h    h    h w   h h h h w x      ;  h w     hg gh  v— h h,  G hh ,      g ( Verstehen) h  x (Erklären).5 A H T Hk         J Ev Ev’’ h  h wk, circumambulatio   h h k    g   x  h  h g  h   H . 6 I , ,  h  ‘kwg  ’ h h  ‘ kwg’. O , h h, whh     hg  h h,   h  h,   wh    h    exclusively hg h,    h     h   h g. Sh  h,   x,     h h  h x. hg’. I w h qv  v  whh  h   h;  h, kg h qv , w   ‘ j h wh h ;  w h ,  wh   qv v,  h gvg   gh’. L v h h hg   qv  w   h  h g v  h x  h  v   h wh h qv    h w h q v  h. 4 S     w  h  v: ‘Ag   M: Mg, Bg  S Ev  h Ah  Ré Shw  Lz’. 5 P Wh Dh, E H,  M Hgg. S   Dilte, Selected Works, v. 1 (.  . Mkk  R, P, Nw J: P Uv P, 1989), wh w   vvg  g-g   x     xg;  Sv D. Kepnes, ‘Bgg h G w Ug  Ex: E x: Ah  h S  Rg Rg ’’, Journal or the ScientiScientiic Study o Religion 25 (1986): 504-12. 6 H. . Hal, ‘T Sg  H Ag  J Ev’  Lux in enebris: Te Visual and the Symbolic in Western Esotericism (. P Fhw,  .; hg).

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A h  ,    g h h   h   h . T  q     H ‘h  ’ w   hg. I g  , whh   ‘’  ‘v’, h    h ,  h  x  h  ,     q. A h Dao de Jing k, ‘h k   h h  h wh,  h   h wh   h  ’. Wh h  ‘k’  -h , w    w  h ‘’,   h , whh  ,   h  (h hg Verstehen)  whh h k vv, gvg h h , h   h h g. Bh   ,  h   q  . T,  w      hg ,      g   g h    h-g  hgh x. al-mi Etymologies

T h vw  wh     h       g  Ph  H Eg   h,  h g   Ch, v I    h h ― h   hv -  vgg  A h, wh h  : al-kīmiyā.7 Sh hv g kw h h w h    A  ( alkīmiyā  Sh alquimia, L alchimia, Fh alchimie, G  Alchem  Alchemie ie, .)8 Gv h wvg g, h  h   h   v, g   vk   g g g,   g q,  h, hgh h   ‘k’ g,   hg  h   g h hv h  h  v . B h   , h    g  hv  k  h Ch  G-Eg g g. 8 S  : F. Sein, Geschichte des arabischen Schriftums (L: B, 1971), i, 1-299; M. Ullmann, Die Natur- und Geheimwissenschafen im Islam (L: B, 1972), 144-270; Ullmann, ‘-kīā’  Encyclopedia o Islam,   (L: B, 1986), , 110-15; Ullmann, ‘-kīā,’  Wörterbuch der klassischen arabischen Sprache , 1 (W Alchemyy Revisited  Revisited (L: B, 1990); Ch , 1970-); 1970 -); Z. R. R . W. W. M. v Martels, .,  ., Alchem Burnett, ‘T Ag’ A  h Ah: E R  Ah  A  Ambix  ix 39.3 (1992): 103-9.  L x,’ Amb 7

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alchemical traditions

T A   al -    h,  h  g  h x kīmiyā    . A  h g v Gk ,  h h  M Bh,9 ggg  g  h  χυμα ( chyma, ‘h whh   ’; ‘w, ’; ‘g, ’; h, ‘ , ggg, w’; ‘, ’), wh χυμεια (chymeia, ‘h   g ’)       v, Χυμης (Chymēs).10 A H v  h 1704 Lexicon echnicum: Ch,  v ,  h g  h A     h P P   x’ B  h  G  I. I     v  h Gk  w χυμὀς [chymos], whh g  J,  h  S   x’ B; hgh  w hv     χέειν [cheein],  . I    h Sgk, Hk,  Phk A,     Ah. 11 T    , x  x     h h vw,   w   hgh h v,    h  h v   h  Ch  I-  (Ch dao jindan, Sk rasāyana ,  bcud  len). I , h Gk g  h h    ,  h  h     usible  v   h h . I h Gk  w,  w g         , h   . T w ‘’  (μεταλλον, metallon, μεταλλεῖον, metalleion)  hh wh—  k v — wh   w g ‘’, h  metalloiōsis (μεταλλοίωσις), whh    h  meta– (‘w, wh, f; kg     ’)  h v alloiōsis (‘’  ‘hg’).12 Collection des anciens alchimistes grecs (P: Gg Sh, 1887). 10 LSJ, vide: χυμα; O h Gk g g    h Eg  Antike ike echni echnik: k: Sechs Vorträge (Lzg: , 1914). T Gk  g,  H. Diels,  Ant g  g k        h   h vh . . 11 C. Jh Harris, Lexicon echnicum: or, or, an Universal English Dictionary Dictionar y o Arts and SciencScienc es Explaining not only the erms o Art, but the Arts Temselves (L, 1704), g. N h h H  chymos, ‘j’,  whh h Ch  I g      ( w: jin i, rasāyana). 12 F h ,  ,    h v g  g   P D. Zacarias, ‘Ch Ambix  ix  5 (1956): 117-8. Zh w  h g  k: T R H Ch’,  Amb 9

introduction

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Whh v  chyma, chymeia, Chymēs,  chymos, h  h     h L w   Gk   hgh h  k  h h v P  A x,  A , f h   h Gk  A. Wh h   h   w kw,    q    h  . Egg  Sg hv h gh w vgg v h h g  h  h    G   h  h A N  F E. Te Egyptian Etymology 

I   h Gk g, h  kīmiyā h     h Eg   Eg, km.t  (C keme, kēmi), whh Ph gv  χημια ( chēmia), ‘h k h’ (μάλιστα μελάγγειον, malista melangeion).13 T   h g  x   wh  h v. 14 S      w h  wh  hg  g g    h g  Ph’    h   Eg wh   h k  h ,   wh h k  h   h . O  ,  v, h h wh h  h h N k h, whh  ( ggh) gg h)  Eg, Eg , w ertile —h     -gvg ;  h  w, h   h  h   h   h    gh. A w  , h g   h    h  g Eg hg    h,   h Gk H   h h,   h h        Ek Iv wh g  h Mh g  h Shk       h Corpus Hermeticum .15 Fh,  h  Ag Užv k  , h   h  g wk  K. Sh Sh, , wh ‘    w 1903  1910,     h wk  Bh,     h  hw  h gh  h      h h  h’ (116). 13 Plutarc, De Iside et Osiride , 33; Fk C B (.),  Mor  Moralia alia v. V (L, 1936), 83. T Eg h ( chēmia  h-)   hv    w     H Conrin, De Hermetica Medicina (1648), 19; hgh,  Bain gg (   h 1, wh ),    hv    q. 14 Cea, ‘T P Bk: Eg  Ah’. 15 Ek Iersen, Egyptian and Hermetic Doctrine (Chg: M  P, 1984), .

24

alchemical traditions

  v  h  hg  h x w Eg Eg      h,  H, H, Oh, Phg, P  h N   h h.16 A  h h  P Kg hv hw, h hg     : h        w    h h   ggh    w h      Eg ,  h   h I  S (wh h Phg  h w  h  g   h H  w hgh h ,  B  M  h urba Philosophorum).17 Te Chinese Origin o the Chem- Etymon

Jh Nh,  h h v  h g Science and Civilisation in China, k  v    h Gk   A wg  h Ch   jin (‘g’)   jin i (‘g  j, g  ’), ’),   x x k k  ,   x  g ,   whh    kīmiyā   g x     g ,      h  (). 18 Af   h    hgh v  h xg g v  h, Nh, : S Udains’   h  v: ‘   Phh Rh: F A Eg  N’. P Kinsle, ‘F Phg  h  Phh: Eg  Phg Warburgg and Courtauld Courtauld Institut Institutes es 57 (1994): 1-13; Ancien  Ancientt Philosophy Philosophy, ’, Journal o the Warbur  Mystery  My stery,, Magic: Empedocles and Pythagor Py thagorean ean raditio raditionn (Ox: C P, 1995), 5568, 298-9, 317 , 335-347, 371-91. Jh Needam,  ., Science and Civilisation in China, v. 5,  4: Sg Dv  Iv: A, T, Gf (Cg: Cg Uv P, 1980), 353, g Madiassan:  jin i , ‘g j, g q’;  ‘g ,  g’, . h: Wu L-h’g,   L. Dais, ‘A A Ch Ah C: K Hg  h G M   h yw  h Wh; T Fh  Sxh Ch  h P-’-z’, Proceedings o the American Academy o Arts and Sciences 70  jin i , Nh k: ‘h   […] w hv  (1935): 221-84;   jin kiem iak’. C. H H. Dubs, ‘T Og  Ah’,  Amb  Ambix  ix  9 (1961): 34: ‘T Ch h, jin-yi […], w   ’g   h    ki[e]m-iök. T h , , ‘h j ( )  g’. I w   h  Ch   h x  . Lk h h h,    g wh h   Ch h’. 16

introduction

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 jin (kiem)  chēmeia (chimeia, I  hv      jin chymeia)   , h h     q    al-kīmiyā. N A g v    v  h w  S ,  h  h h  h h jin i  kīmiyā         x  w  h   kg x, wh chēmeia     hv         h k. W  f wh h  h h   h Ch ‘g ’,      h  h    jin (kiem),  v h gh  h  h O W, W, vkg    h Gk   h  h,   , h A . 19

Nh k    h h       H . Ahgh       exclusively Ch g  g  h, h, h  v v     Nh  h  v  g v v   ( ) h v   h g  h. I h,        wh h A N E   H  I h ,     wh h A F E   h   h h  h. T    gv h     xhg w h A, E  A  g h Sk  R, whh w w h h g g h H H D (206 bc b c e –220 ce).  jindann,  T   Ch   h w  jinda ‘g x’, whh w v  h  x  (  g)     (   ). 20  Jin  Jindan dan         ,, h    h  ,  h w g  whh  w . A h,      h    vv  hh  h w’ h : h g   h          ( h). A h  g ,    h,   hg g w     Ch  I-    I  E h . Wh g   v k     q  ,      h h   Ch Needam, 5.4, 355;  . 20 aoism (. Fz PgS    Fz Fz  Preadio, ‘J’, Te Encyclopedia o aoism , L: Rg, 2008), v. 1, 551-55. 55 1-55. 19

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alchemical traditions

g ,  ( whh jin w   g ) w g g    h v  ( wu xing ); );   w  g  h ‘h’  h w , h    w        melt    solidiy   w  (   ). 21 T   v       h  q ,  k g,   v  . I h w h   w h  h : solve et  coagula, ‘v  g’,   h    v  g  g  ‘x’  ‘’ (g    x g g h ‘  x’  ‘x  ’). I I     h v  v v   gv    h ‘’  . F x  g  ,  g  h  v   h     w  k. Wh h , v,     g    ‘’  per se,    h g    —  v —wh h q w      hg,     (h   hg). istoriorapical considera considerations tions D  h v v    h , h   h h    g g   . G,  g,       h h h    h h  g. Mv,   h w, -  vw   h h,, h  h hv v vg g  Egg, Egg, Sg, C, I, I-, v w,      w x. 22 M , wg h Needam, Science and Civilisation in China, v. 2: H  S Tgh (Cg: Cg Uv P, 1956), 243 . 22 N   h   M. Bertelot  C. E. Ruelle, Collection des anciens alchimistes grecs, 3 v. (P: Gg Sh, 1888–1889); Rusa, Ara  Arabische bische Alchimisten (W, 1924;  1977); J Rusa, abula Smaragdina: Ein Beitrag zur  Geschichte der hermetischen Literatur  (Hg: C W, 1926); Rusa, urba Philosophorum: Ein Beitrag zur Geschichte der Alchemie (B: J Sg, 1931); Rusa, Das Buch der Alaune und Salze: Ein Grundwerk der spätlateinischen Alchemie (B: Vg Geheminis is der Geheimn Geheimnisse isse mit mit Einleitu Einleitung ng und und Erläuter Erläuter-Ch, 1935); Rusa, Al-Razes Buch Gehemin ungen in deutscher Ubersetzung  (B, 1937); P Kraus,  Jabi  Jabirr ibn Hayyan: Contribu Contribution tion à l’histoire des idées scientiques dans l’Islam, 2 v. (C: 1942-3; P: L B L,  Austehung hung und Verbre Verbreitung itung der Alchemie Alchemie 3 v. (B: Sg, 1986); E. O. v Lippman,  Auste 1919, 1931; Wh/Bg: Vg Ch, 1954); Jh Needam, Science and Ci21

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  h h  A Fv, h h   topos  h h  w  (.. h h  H, g, h   ), whh h  g  h    . 23 A  h , h hv   k   ‘h’    ‘h’,   g  h    gh  x h v   x  h v  g h   h h    wg, h . Wh h   h g h h   h   g,  h   h       h (.g. h  hhvilisation in China (Cg: Cg Uv P, 1954–2008); M Eliade, Forgerons et alchimistes (P: F, 1956) = Te Forge and the Crucible (Nw yk: H, 1962); L Agk Goinda, Foundations o ibetan Mysticism (L: R  C., 1960); Nh Siin, Chinese Alchemy: Preliminary Studies (Cg MA: Hv Uv P, 1968); Jk Lindsa, Te Origins o Alchemy in Graeco-Roman Egypt  (L: Fk M, 1970); M Plessner, Vorsokratische Philosophie und griechische  Alchemie  Alchem ie in ara arabisch-late bisch-lateinischer inischer Überlie Überlieerung  erung  (W: Fz S Vg GMBH, antras 1975); Ew  Fenner, Rasayana Siddhi: Medicine and Alchemy in the Buddhist antras (PhD : Uv  W, M, 1979); R Halleu, Les extes alchimiques: ypologie des sources du moyen age occidental  (h-Bg: B, 1979); Fç Daumas, Daumas, ‘L’ ‘L’Ah Ah --  g  g ég ég?’ ?’,,  Das römisch-byzantinische  Ägypten: Akten des interna internationalen tionalen Symposio Symposions ns 26.–30. September 1978 in rier  (Mz:  Alchimie mie comme art hiéra hiératique tique (. P L, Ph v Z, 1983); H Corbin,  Alchi P: L’H, 1986); Ph Dercaine, ‘L’A  Oèv à D   g  ’h’, Chronique d’Égypte 129 (1990): 219–42; Dv G Wite, Te Alchemical  Body: Sidha raditions in Medieval India (Chg: Chg Uv P, 1994); B. D.  Alchemie ie im Mittelalter: Mittelalter: Ideen Ideen und Bilder—von Bilder—von Zosimos bis Paracelsus Paracelsus (Mh: AHaae, Alchem  Alchemyy ried ried in   Wk, 1996); W R. Neman  Lw M. Principe,  Alchem the Fire: Starkey, Boyle, and the Fate o Helmontian Chymistry  (Chg: Chg Uv  P, 2002),     w. 23  Accesss to Western Esotericism (A: S A Faire, Acces S  Uv  Nw yk P, 1994); ‘Q  g P  h S  E C  M  C E’,  Western Esotericism and the Science o Religion: Selected Papers Presented at the 17th Congress o the International Association Asso ciation or the History o Religions, Religion s, Mexico City, 1995, . A Faire  W J. Haneraa (Lv, Bg: P,  Method  d  1998), 1–10; W J. Haneraa, ‘E Mh  h S  E’,  Metho and Teory in the Study o Religion (1995): 99–129; ‘T Bh   D’,  Western EsoE sotericism and the Science o Religion, v-xv; ‘O h C  ‘E ’’,  Western Esotericism and the Science o Religion , 11–61; ‘B h y Pg: T S   W E w C  Nw Cx’, Aries 1, 1 (2001): 5–37.

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alchemical traditions

) h h      h h. T    H  h ‘’ h   h  h         h x h   v  h h  q;24  ,  Kg h , h   H             (hermēneus) w . 25 Mv,  Fv h , h, k g  g, v  g - h. Wh h   ,     k   h   h   h h v  q  h  h x  h; h     h  h      g h,     h h    h v    h h    q        w . A h  , g, g v, f   h - , h   ,  h v  h  h h     h  hg g g. . B  g   h hgh  h h     wh h x  h h  ,    v  g h w v  h establishment    , h h    vwhg  v    hg  h   h. I h -  v  v h  , h       -h. F, h  h   h hgh  h  v h  f  h    w g h gg   h   v hv    v.26 C. Kk v Stucrad, Western Esotericism: A Brie History o Secret Knowledge (L: Eqx, 2005), 6–11, wh k h  w  g   ‘’   g   ‘  ’; h   h    gg h x   . 25 S Kinsle Ki nsle,, ‘P: T Eg Eg   h N  h Og O g  h H H ’’,  Journall o the Warbur  Journa Warburgg and Courtauld Courtauld Institute Institutess 56 (1993): 1-24. 26 History o ChemChemSg Sg    h     h wk  J. R. Partinton, Partinton, A History istry , 4 v. (L, MM. 1961–1970); W Pael, Paracelsus: An Introduction to Philosophical Medicine in the Era o the Renaissance (B: Kg, 1982); A G. Debus, Te English Paracelsians (O P: H   , 1965); Debus, Te Chemical  Philosophy: Paracelsian Science and Medicine in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries (1977, 24

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M  h hgh  h  h v  v   ,  , h  h v v   h v  g  . Wh h   h  v w h   h vh , h  h, v   h  chymistry , w vh   , hgh h  h  h ,  v  w g (hgh    ) .27 B h V V , h h     h wk  M A Aw  h    xv   h  whh h v  w   .28 ‘T   v’, k P, ‘h  j,  v  g   -18h  E h w   w h wk  hg h h  hh  h,  v h   w, A. E. W (1857–1942) w    w h   h   1926’.29 Sh k    hg    v,  wh  h g ,    k wh  g  ,   gh    -ghh  h h  Sh  Ax (vh ), wh x x h    hg ,    h : ‘P w h  h  h     wh   wh    h h ’.30 (T -x  ,  ,  Sh’ wk  x k  h Bz  A  h  h 2002); A. G. Debus  M. . Walton, ., Reading the Book o Nature: Te Other Side o  the Scientic Revolution (Sixteenth Century Essays and Studies) (T J Uv  P, 1998); Jh Needam, Science and Civilisation in China (Cg: Cg Uv P, 1954–2008); M Eliade, Forgerons et alchimistes (P: F,  Alchimie mie comme art hiéra hiératique tique (. P L, P: L’H, 1986); 1956); H C,  Alchi  Alchemyy ried in the Fir Fire: e: Starkey Starkey,, Boyle, W R. Neman  Lw M. Principe,  Alchem and the Fate o Helmontian Chymistry  (Chg: Chg Uv P, 2002), g h. 27 O h  chymistry ,  W R. Neman  Lw M. Principe, ‘Ah   v. Ch: T Eg Og   Hg Hgh h Mk Mk’’, Early Science and   Medicine  Med icine, 3, 1 (1998): 32–65. 28 C.   M A Atood,  A Suggesti Suggestive ve Enqu Enquiry iry into the Hermeti Hermeticc Mys Mystery  tery  (B: W , 1918). 29 Lw M. Principe, Princ ipe, ‘Ah ‘Ah I: I I ’’,  Dictionary o Gnosis and Western Esotericism, . W. Hg (L: B, 2005), 13. 30 S F. Shw alor, ‘T Ah Wk  Sh  Ax:   Ambix  ix 1 (1937): 116–39; ‘T Ah Wk  Sh  A C, P I’,  Amb  Ambix  ix 1 (1937): 39–49. Q . x:   C C, P II’ I I’, Amb

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alchemical traditions

  E h). D h ,  h  g     h    h   h h ,   h hg   h h g  h wh. T h  wh h    v  h  h h g   ’   h. T h h  hv  kg h ‘ g   vw  h g  h Egh whh hv,  h  q  g,     j   h   h w g h 19h  20h ’. 31 Sh     g h v  wk  C Jg,  wh   h h v     h h j  h h.32 N g, Jg h   g h   h g; Lw M. P,  , h gg h h wk  Jg    x  h ‘ gwh’  V .33 P, wh w       E h,     h -  hg   h  h     h g  h wk    chymists, h  Sk, Phh, B,  Nw, g h. Wh h x  h   hg   g wh   h  x, h       h  h q  hg   h. I h ,  h     ,   P  Nw’ w v hv    h     h      h   h h  Hw Hw , wh v:  v: ‘T hgh hg h    P  Nw    h  g     h   ‘h’ h (v  -v ),   g  h h v  h hgh q  h vh . F h  h h  w , h modus operandi Lw M. Principe, ‘Ah’, DGWE, 12. 32  Mysterium terium coniunctioC Gv Jun, Psychologie und Alchemie (Zh, 1944); Jun,  Mys nis: Untersuchungen über die rennung und Zusammensetzung der seelischen Gegensatze in der alchemie (Zh, 1955); Jun, ‘S ü hh Vg’, C. G. Jung Gesammelte Werke, v. 13 (Fg (Fg  Bg: W-V -Vg, g, 1978). 33 Principe Prin cipe,, ‘Ah’ Ah ’, DGWE, 14. 31

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  q’. 34 I,  g     v   xv v h     x    x,   h   xv  h; h   v     h v w       w E, wh h  hg . T     h h  g      v  h h w v   h. Dv G Wh’ g    rasāyana h   Mv I,  ,     h w  whh h   h  h    , v  w x hg wh g  g  h : ‘  ,   h ’. 35 H, h wh x  k  g, h g  whh k  k  h    h   Ch, whh, whh ,  h wk  Nh, Sv  Pg, hw     w h  ( neidan)   (waidan) x.36 T   v  x  h  Bh h  h Kālacakra antra,  whh g, ,  h   hgh w; h, g       h   h x g  g     w k,     ‘ ’  hv  jivanmuk nmukti ti) hgh h   h    ( jiva ’ Bh N ( buddha-dhātu, tathāgatagarbha ).37 Ewh, Hw il ilton, ton, Te Quest or the Phoenix: Spiritual Alchemy and Rosicrucianism in the Work o Count Michael Maier (1569–1622) (B: W  G, 2003), 256, wh 9–18, 235–6, 253–6. 35 Rasārnava 17. 164–5:  yathā lohe tathā dehe kartavhah sūtakah sūtakah sadā/ samānam kurute devi  pravishan  pra vishan dehalohayoh/ dehalohayoh/ pūrvam lohe parīksheta tato dehe prayojay prayojayet  et ; Dv G Wite, Te Alchemical Body: Siddha raditions in Medieval India (Chg: Chg Uv  P, 1996), 315 wh 446 . 21,  . 36 Nh Siin, Chinese Alchemy: Preliminary Studies. (Cg MA: Hv Uv  P, 1968); Siin, ‘Ch Ah  h M  ’, Isis 67, . 4 (1976): 513–26; Siin, ‘T T Bkg  Ex Ah’,  Jh Needam  ., Science and Civilisation in China (Cg: Cg Uv P, 1980), v. 5.4,  Awakenin wakeningg to Reality: Te ‘Regulate ‘Regulatedd Verses Verses’’ o the Wuzhen Wuzhen pian, pian, 210–305; Fz Preadio, A a aoist Classic o Internal Alchemy  (G Ex P, 2009); Preadio, Te Seal o the Unity o the Tree, vol. 1: A Study and ranslation o the Cantong qi, the Source o the aoist  Way o the Golden Elixir  (G Ex P, 2011). 37 S  K L’ g-kg   h  v: ‘Ih, Mhg, G:  Ah  h Kālacakra antra’. 34

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alchemical traditions

h wk  H C  h P h Jkī hw h   h w   I   h   ars hieratica,  h  h h w   x w h g , h   ,  h     .38 T  h h g h w g  hg    g  h h  w  ,  h   h v. T, h  g   h    v ,,   , h  h   h h h       h w vg  h h    h h   g     g   h w h   h   h . alcem as nondu nondual al process A h  g  h  f, h     h    x   h      h . I, h  ,   hg. I h  v,        g     xv. F h , h    h   h   x   v,      proce  process ss. I,  h     h  xg between ,   ,  h medium  whh  ‘x’  . Lk h    , h     g  h ‘’  whh x  ‘’,   whh h ‘v’. A h,   h conditio sine qua non    ,  vg    h,   vg  gg h     w  x . O x x  h  h  h h k j  h w h q —h hh’   ‘vexcellence)—  , ,   ’ (h g g  par excellence v poison. I h Gk h , h x  gv  katholikon pharmakon (καθολικόν φαρμακόν). T w katholikon  ‘v, wh’, wh  pharma  pharmakon kon,  v g w,    ‘’,   ‘’,  ‘g h’’. Ag  h  h   Jq D D  (wh (w h h h   v  h ), h   h Corbin, ‘L « Lv   S » ’A  , é  Jkī’,  Alchimie comme art hiératique , . P L (P: L’H, 1986), 63-4, 71-3. 38

introduction

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‘  h   ’  ‘    h   h  wh   v’; ‘h h, h g v, h w  ,  —   pharmakon kon  — —   ’.39 ‘I h pharma v’  D, ‘     h   whh   , h v  h  h k h g hv, v h  k    v  h h (/, g/v, /, /g, h/wg, .)’40 T,  j wh     pharmakon kon       , h (v)  pharma  enantiodromia. T    wvg w    x  h  q x wh h    M Ph: ‘       ,    ,   h w    , hg w  hv’. 41 T vh  S, Mhz Fz Kāhāī   qv   whh ‘     ’,   h, g  H C, k    g ,  liminal , z—h mundus imaginalis—whh C     j w h   h , h g  h : h intermonde     par excellence.42 I, C’ hg    w  P  A  x (whh   h h  h ),       wh h,  I h , h  h Kitab Sirr al-Asrar  (L: Secretum secretorum), wh abula smaragdina (E )   : ‘h whh  v  k h whh  w,  h whh  w  k h whh  v,   h   h  hg’.43 T , whh  h   [] A  ’ Book o the Secret o Creation,  Book o Causes (Kitāb Sirr al-ḫalīqa,  Kitāb al-῾ilal ), ),       h h  ( hieratikē technē)    h N hg. Jq Derrida, ‘P’ Ph’,  Dissemination (. B Jh, Chg: Uv  Chg P, 1981), 70. 40 Derrida, Dissemination , 127. 41 CAAG, 2.4, 40 ( (  h h   ce ce). 42 Kalimāt maknūna (Sg K S), h. xxx (h, 1801), 68-70; (B, 1296/1878), 69-72; . H Corbin, C orbin, Spiritual Body and Celestial Earth , 177. 43 I L: Quod est inerius est sicut quod est superius, et quod est superius est sicut quod est  inerius, ad perpetranda miracula rei unius. 39

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alchemical traditions

Ag  P, h hg h h  kwg f vg h  hg w   hg  h h h x w  h  w h  h v ,  g z  h h w h w hg  h hgh  h hgh  h w. 44 I h h vw, h ‘hgh’  ‘w’   x      x   ,  v . T,   h              xv h, wh gg h  ,    h g x w h v v   h x wh whh h  h     v . A  h , h h v     v  x wh h hh monad ,   h gg h w—g h w      h g wh—   :      g. I kg  h          j wh   wh h  ‘’  . T w       h Sk w advaita (a- + dvaita, ‘ ’),45       g  whh h ‘’  ‘’  x        ,  g   g  whh h h j  j   x  g     v . Wh   h   h  h     h (Bh,   Vā),    x x    h w hh   g h  P, Ekh, Böh, Bk, Sz, Shg, Hg, Nzh, Bg, Whh  Bh,     w. D h, h    h        h w,  h   w    ,  f D  K,         -  j-j . A h   h   w   w  xg h w. O  h ‘v’ x v  v; h h    h x x  h vP, Hier. Art .,., 148,   Udains, ., Te Golden Chain: An Anthology o Pythagorean and Platonic Philosophy (Bg, I: W W, 2004), 300. 45 H h a-  alpha privativum    ‘g ’  ‘ ’ . 44

introduction

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 ,     , v. Ahgh     w  x  h w,        h - v (whh   h ). A Dv L k:   h h [Bh, , Vā]  h  ‘v’ w h w   wh    ‘ ’: h w      j, g       . T   h h h  h,,  w  xg h x g h w,  h h h   x    v    h   w  k  g. T  w h  h  h  W  (whh, gv  g ,  h   W  )  h h  h   h  h    x , wh h  kwg h  g   x  g  h g g  wh  v. 46 Wh  , h,   g      h   x    x  ( gg wh) h w,   wh g  h     ,   h : jv x  jv x. A P   Kulturphilosoph J G v wh g  h    h     v,   v g   x  integrate  v- g wh  h wh. 47 Wh h   h     ; h, h  v x     h     h     . I  h     hg  h ‘’ ,  , h ‘’     hg. I   , wh Bk, ‘ W   G  S’  Dv Lo, Nondualism: A Study in Comparative Philosophy (Nw Hv, C: C : y y U v P, P, 1988), 3. 47 Gebser’  wk, Ursprung und Gegenwart ,    h Gesamtausgabe, v. 2-4 (. Hä, Sh: Nv, 1999); . Te Ever-Present Origin (. N B  Ag Mk, Ah: Oh Uv P, 1985). Wh G  q     h     g wh  ,  x,    g — h ,    xv   , h g    ‘’. 46

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alchemical traditions

‘E   h’. 48 Ag  h vw,  v   gh w h   h v   g  w, g h    h g     h h. B h   g   essential     v  x w h, - ‘’  ‘’   -,  x   , ‘xg’   g. 49 Wh  , g  h  g ‘k kw k’, h , v  g   ,  h  v   x,    kw  h , v  g consciousness. I   h  h h,     ,   h  . aent & patient o one dii ne act   h   h      ,   hv  k      h ormulæ  P  G-Eg q—     h     v  hgh h G-Eg, I  E h corpora,  whh     h h   h  . A w  , h   vv  h g  h ouroboros: h gg  h ww  w . T g  h        k  h Eg mehen  ( 1500 bce). T x h g  h  , hwv (whh   hgh h G-Eg G-Eg  h ),  k    P magos  O, O, wh g  h kwg   h    h Gk hh, D. 50 T  kg O  D w ,   v,  h H h B  M (. 200 bce), wh   Auguriess o In Innocence nocence, T B ( Pkg) M, . 1801–3: W Blae,  Augurie ‘   W   G  S’ / A  Hv   W Fw, / H I  h    h / A E   h’. 49 J  h  h h    g,    h ‘g’  ‘’  g    h    v, .g. v Dv Bh’ ‘’ v ‘x’   x  q g,  v h   āś, h ‘ ‘ g  g’  h  h Dzgh    Bh. Sh , hgh,     kh   xg wh  h    h. 50 F ,   Kv V Bladel, Te Arabic Hermes: From Pagan Sage to Prophet o Science (Ox: Ox Uv P, 2009), 48-54. 48

introduction

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 h O w   H       vg h   h h . Ag  h x, Physika kai mystika, O  h  q  h , wh D D    h  x    (stēlē).51 Ig h x -xv   h h , h   O v  h x w   h wg :  gh  ;  v ;   terp etai, hē physis tēs physin nika, hē phy (hē physis tē physei terpetai, sis tēn physin kratei).52 I   h , S   h D w ‘  h   h g O  h    Mh g wh  h   Eg’, wh h Gk h Gg S    h   O  Eg,    h h w  h   v h Eg .53 T     h    h  v   w-g S  w  P magos  ‘O ‘O’’ (  āsrōn, ‘’)   Eg hh  h   Ph. 54 Ph   O h h h v h k  O, w  P,  Eg,  h k  O’   g h. T x   h , g      ‘v  æ [ ]   H’ (hwg h  abula smaragdina  H g), whh  h h v , h  wh h v  . Af    h ,      ‘g h   ’, g ‘h wk      h’.55 Ag  h   O,  j, q   h k   . I    wh h  , w  h   h h .. T  Bertelot, CAAG, 1.2.1. 52 Bertelot, CAAG, 1.2.1: ‘L  j   ;   h   ;   î î   ’. 53 Bertelot, CAAG, 2.3; Gg S, 297.23–25 (§471); A A. Mossammer, ., Georgii Syncelli Ecloga chronographica (Lzg: , 1984). 54 Bertelot, La Chimie au moyen age, ‘L  Pééh’, v. 2, 309-12; Kv V Bladel, Te Arabic Hermes , 48-50. 55 ‘L  Pééh’,  Bertelot, La Chimie au moyen age, v. 2, 312: ‘ ç  g q g  q …  g, œv ’ ’ è q’. 51

38

alchemical traditions

 vv g  h q  C’ Chrysopoeia h w   h gg  h h: ‘O  h , whh h   g  w ’. C’     g  Gk  g h -, -g . H, w         . T   : ‘O [] h  ( hēn to pan), h   ,  h   ;    h       h h  ,  w    hg’. T   : ‘O  h  ( ophis), whh h   (ion) g  w  (synthēmata)’.56 A h   h   h H   ,   .

Figure 1. S   -C’ Chryso poeia (A; G-kg). T   : ‘O [] h , h   ,  h   ;  h     h ,  w  hg’. T   : ‘O  h , whh h   g  w ’. Lf--gh, h   h   h H g  ,   .

T      h  , hēn to pan, ‘ [] h ’, xg h -,  -, -xv,  -xv, h ‘H  ’ h  h h . Ph h  vg k  h   v  h Eg h, Z  P—  h     g   Bertelot, CAAG, 1.1. Synthemata   h   hg;      ‘h, , g, ’. 56

introduction

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h w h . I  x  ‘O h Dv/Sh W’ (Peri tou theiou hydatos), Z   v  h  D   g h h v w    ‘w ’ ’  ‘ ’ (dyo physeis, mia ousia): ‘I  h ,    h  [],     [x]’. 57 T h  w h    x   g - w  h  gh w  h   . Ag  h vhg h  h h ,  ,       g  h    w :  h ,   h . T gg    h w   h w  v  h   . T v,   h vv      ‘’, whh  ,   ,     w v   h   h  whh w  . R, g  h  ,     g  , vg , g ,    returning  . I h  h, h  ‘  g ’  x  h  -  -   yang  g - yin, Sk shiva-shakti,     (Ch  yan   yab-yum, .), wh h w g   h     v-v,  g  -vg integrum.58 D  w h    h     ,      h  taijitu (‘ (‘h h  h  h  ’) ’) hgh hg h h hh  yin-yang  g ).    k  gh ( yin-yan ). I  wh h , g   Ch -g g      h Zh   (h  xh , bce). 59 T  g h      gg   g     (h dao) hgh h     . O  x,   h Shg-Zh  (. 1150950 bce)  v  L’ V  A M,  h  j   wh . T   h g. J  h    Z, ‘Peri tou theiou hydatos’; Bertelot Bertelot,, CAAG, 3.9. 58 N  , h   v hgh    h   h-   h G-Eg, I  E h . 59 Needam, Science and Civilisation in China , v. 5.4, 382-3. 57

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alchemical traditions

, wh  (h  ,   h x)  h w    ( yan  yang-yin g-yin) h g  h  g  g,  whh           . T   , v,      g  h xg  bi  (   j wh  h  h ). Dg k  Nh , h bi    g g h   w  h Wg S  H . S, h  h    hv v gaitian an) vvg    x.60 T Ch  g ( gaiti  h   h ,  g  ,  k  H ,   wh w ‘’  .

Figure 2. J  g  wh . Shg-Zh D, . 1150-950 bce. V  A M, L. Ph: Chk, 2005.

J   g  h   ,     ww   h . T w h h, h g g   , h  w    .  h    h reversal   h g.61 T     h  dao h g Su-P’In, ‘T Og Sg  Bi D: Igh B  Lgzh J Bi  Journall o East Asian Asian Archaeology  Archaeology , 2.1-2 (2000): 165-194. wh I I  S M’, Journa 61 T h  g    h Daodejing   w: ‘T   O; O  w; w  T; T  A hg’; Daodejing  § 42, . J Lgg; Sacred Books o the East , v. 39; . Mx Mü, Ox: Ox Uv60

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 h h h. 62 T w   — v  h h -v— v  hg h g g   h  . I    h, h   x  wh   h v g  h h catalysis  h g ,63 wh  h   h    h reversal   h g  h     h , -v  h  gh. I  wh g,  h g wh reincrudation (h v      , vg );   wh S h  ta’wil  (h   ‘’   whh  h  k k   v );  wh  h  v ( ni)  v (huan)  h    whh hg   x (.. h v  h tao  ‘w’  whh h g    ).  ). T w  g  g w  xg h v    h  h,  wh h      h wh  g  , h  w h w   v. T k      . Tgh         w  v-,  ,       h, wh gg,   ,  k  h   whh h g g. . Lk h  k h,  k h g O, h   h   gv h g    x. A h  , hwv,    h    h h   h g  . Wh   v, h vg h h     w h h  wh  g ,  h v h  v   g. I,    h tension w h h   ,     ‘h  ’  whh     g  h g . I,  h hg ,  ,   palintonos tonos  h H   ‘h h’ ( palin harmoniē), h v h  vg A’ h    h h  h. h.  P, 1891. 62  processio sio   h v   T Daodejing ’ ’   g  proces  h x  M Ph, Ph,  H H Jwh h  h    ce ce: ‘O  w, w  h,    h h  h   h h’. 63 C.  Eliade , Forgerons et alchimistes (P: F, 1956), .

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alchemical traditions

T H , ‘h’ g  h g     w , whh    hgh h    ()   (g) g  wh Z  ‘h g  h’ ( systasin harmonias).64 H, h      ‘ ‘ wh         h h’;  h’; h  h  ‘ hg’, hg’, h     , ‘ ‘ , gg     ’:65 O   . F  hg  wv gh   hg  k    hg  g   hg    hg x   hg    hg     hg     hg    hg   h  h k  w. F h,  h   wgh  h  , h g    h wh  h       wh h. T h h   , hg   hg , kg h   h h, g  g. A  hg  v    gh   h, h h  g  g g, g , h N N  . F h N, g  ,  hg. A h N  h h   h v  h   h w. 66 T ‘g  h’— whh  hg  ‘x’  ‘’, ‘wv gh’  ‘k ’,  whh ‘ v    gh   h’—  h  q h  h h h  . G  kg,  w        ()   (g),   E , ‘Lv’  ‘S’. T       w  w h, h  whh   g  g h   (h w   , whh -, h-,  yang-yin,  h   hg)  g h  h   (h cohabation  ‘h wg’  E h  ; h   h ‘g ’   h; h ‘  w  h’   h, .) Hwv  g h,   v   h h   g hg ‘w’; h,    kg   h  g—h  CAAG, 3.1,: ‘èg   ’. Egh : F. Shw alor, ‘T V Ambix  ix 1.1 (1937), 88-92.   Z’, Amb 65 CAAG, 3.1; alor, ‘T ‘ T V  Z Z’ ’, 88-92. 88-92 . 66 Bertelot, CAAG, 3.1; alor, ‘T ‘ T V  Z Z’ ’, 88-92. 88-92 . 64

introduction

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g  g—  vg . T     g ,   g  g h g  h  ‘ ‘ ’’,     h h   q   g,  . T   , h g      x  h ,  h    wh h ;  ,  h w  G, ever-present  ever-originating : Og  v-. I    gg,   gg  k wh . A h    j h ‘w’, , h      . I  v-gg,  hv    g   w. A   ‘z’, ..,  z   h   g  h    , ,    ‘gg’ ‘ gg’  ‘’ ‘’  h  h  67 w. Whh h v- g      h   jindan an), h Bh-   h ( budg x ( jind dha-dhātu), ,  w h g,  h logos   cosmos g  h initium  telos  h g  chaos,   h w’ h  h  vwg h ‘g’  h   h     ,   h g    -x,  . Whh h   ‘g’  ‘v’, h   h       v  v   g  ,  h     ‘hg h ’.  purication tion        h  I   purica xg Urgrund  h h   , h  g   , h .

Gebser, Gesamtausgabe,  v. 2, 15: ‘D U Ug g   ggwäg. E  k Ag,   Ag  zg. U  Ggw  h  ß Jz,  H,   Agk. S  h  Z,   gzhh Lg   h  ügh. W  vg, Ug  Ggw  Gzh z Wkg  Wkhk z g,  z kk,  üw Ag  E   ß hg Z’. Gebser, Te Ever-Present Origin (. N B  Ag Mk, Ah: Oh Uv P, 1985), xxv. 67

autor biorapies aaron cea University o Queensland, Australia; University o Philosophical Research, Los Angeles. D.. Chk   D   Sk, G, Gk, g ,  , hh    h Uv  Q. H h   h hg  ,      w hh h h,,  h  hh   (g, hg, h, ). F h  v , Chk’ h h   h   w g  h hh, g  h v  wk   w  h wh-’  g hg    Ägyptosoph gyptosoph, Ré Shw  Lz,  : Fh  Ä G Kulturphilosoph, J G. D  g  kg, Chk v (wh Shw) h hh  g h  h wh hgh   x ,   h  h  v  h v   g wh h . Chk h     h   g x  h P Cg  V,    kg g wh h Ng  Kg g  Vj Bh. H    h    A, wh h   v   , w, , gh  h. H h v   Khthonios (2003), Tunderbolt (2003-4), Jou  Journal rnal or the Academic Academic Stud Study  y  o Magic (2004)  Occult raditions (2012).

alis udains Vilnius Academy o Fine Arts, Lithuania. Ag Užv (1962–2010) w   Lh hh  h wh wk  h h  v   Eg hg, Gk hh,  N hg (  h   wh M g, I- h,  I ). Užv w S Rh Fw  h I  C, Phh,  A, Lh; A P  h V A  

678

alchemical traditions

F A, Lh; Rh A  L  Uv, Bg, A;    h I S  N S  h Lh A’ A. H k hv  h  Lh, R, Egh  Fh, g   P, Fhj Sh  A Cw  C w   R  Lh. H  g  j h  Sacre Sacredd Web Web, Sophia  Eye o the Heart . I    , h  h h   Philosophy as a Rite o Rebirth: From  Ancient  An cient Egypt to Neoplatonis Neoplatonism m (Ph , 2008), Philosophy  and Teurgy in Late Antiquity  (Sh P, 2010),   Ascent to Heaven in Islamic and Jewish Mysticism (Mh , 2011). H  h   Te Heart o Plotinus: Te Essential Enneads (W W, 2009)  Te Golden Chain: An Anthology o Pythagorean and  Platonic Philosophy (W W, 2004). rod blacirst La robe University, Bendigo, Australia. D Bkh h v f  x   ,   v  h H. H. T   h hg   hh  g , wh     hvg h ggh   h  Lv  M. H  , ‘Mh  h : h Mhg Ug  P’ Cg’, x h   P’ g      Gk hg   h g     Ah. H w h   h h g: J, Ch, I (wh   h  I   h); I/W ; h G  B; E Ch  B x; Rg , h  gh; P, P, Phg  h imaeus; A Eg, H; h  ;  h  v  g   v g (Gé, Cw Cw,, Sh, Bkh, N  .) wh     g. H    g gg,  w , v, Mvv S  h ,     I. I    h , D Bkh  h h   Primordial   Alchemy  Alch emy and and rad raditiona itionall Religion Religion (Sh P, 2008).

a utor bio rapies

679

daid da id ordon ord on ite it e University o Caliornia, Santa Barbara, USA. Dv G Wh v h PhD  h Chg Dv  Sh  1988    h J. F. Rw P  Cv Rg  S B, C. H h h   g h  g h  hv    h C ’É  ’I   ’A A  S, P, wh w h h h   v h w  1992. Wh  h h  h wg hgh   wk: Sinister Yogis (Uv  Chg P, 2009), Kiss o the Yogini: ‘antric Sex’ in its South Asian Contexts (Uv   Chg P, 2003), Te Alchemical Body: Siddha raditions in  Medieval  Me dieval In India dia (Uv  Chg P, 1996)   M  Myths yths o the Dog-Man (Uv  Chg P, 1991). H h   w hg  P Uv P: antra in Practice (2000)  Yoga in Practice (2011). Wh h  h   v h wh  g, g  Jh S Gggh F Fwh (2007-2008)  h Fgh Rh Fwh  I  N. A   h h hh    h g  h  g  h A A  Rg (Chg 2008).

im lai La robe University, Bendigo, Australia. K L’ wk v  v      h  h Kālacakra antra. Wh h Kālacakra corpus, h g   , h   g   h  h  ,  h q  gg  ‘ astronomiae’  (rtsis rig ). ). T   g  g    v h,  -   h g ,    -hg  h-,       hg  siddhi,    g  v astronomiae,   h  g g      -  - v  gnōsis. K h  wh ’ g astronomiae ,   h   wh h Kālacakra vajra-  v g. H     Bh astronomiae h g  g       h h. V    h ‘g   ’ h astronomiae’s jv jv   h  v. H   g h -

680

alchemical traditions

   Te astronomiae correspondences o the Kālacakra antra: a Vajrāyana view o dependent arising   h v  R Bkh. sabrina dalla dall a alle alle University o Philosophical Research, Los Angeles, Caliornia, USA. S D V, MFA w  j  w,  j f gh   P O . Sh v h g g  Lg Ahg  R Cg  h MFA  Wg  C  Nw Cg  C. H g    h  g     h hg   h g x. H x wg   h   x h ‘’, wh    ‘vg hkg’   h  h   . S v  L Ag, C wh h h wg   . Sh  h Nights in the the Desert ( (racin racing  g  h  h w wg  7 Days and Nights the Origin) (2013, K S P, v h   hk  2012  M Bk,  hgz  Best Poems o 2012  K P). H   k vw hv  h   j.

mirco mannucci City University o New York. D.. M A. M, ,  h D h  w g g  ,  hh, .. h    h wh  v  k h g h  h      wh. A h,  w,  v v,    h  ,  Waldgänger ,   h, h h j h    -   h h wgh z wh h G Wk g.

cristoper a. plaisance Centre or the Study o Esotericism, University o Exeter, United Kingdom. Chh P P     g   h Uv   Ex’ Ex’ C  h S   E. H  h  vv  h h  N hh  hg, wh  h  Ih. hg Ih. H h  hImagination: tion: Uncan Uncanny ny Intelligence (2013), Occult ra  Daimonic Imagina

a utor bio rapies

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ditions (2012),   h h   h  Jou  Journal rnal o Cont Contempor emporary  ary  Heathen Tought . H   Sh Sh  Pv wh h w, h,  .

Anela Voss Canterbury Christ Church University; University o Exeter, United  Kingdom. Ag V V w       h h  Tg Tg   Rg S   h Uv  K, UK, hg  h MA  M  Rg Ex,  g  MA g  h C S  Cg  Dv. F J 2014 h w  hg   w MA g  C Ch Chh Uv: Mh, Cg  h S. Ag   h   h MA  h S  E  h Uv  Ex,    C A  E E   C Ch Chh,   g g   .. H h    h   h     g  h W  ,  h h h xv  h g  h  h R g M F. H w  www.gv.g

paul scarpari La robe University, Melbourne, Australia. P S   h  g  L  Uv (2009), g  M. U    h h g  H H  C’   h mundus imaginalis  h œv  W Bk (v  Dv ), S h g   x  w g   j   wh h   h, g  h. H h   h  w   xg h hh  Gg B  h vw  g, vg  h , whh  B’  Weltanschauung   v g g  g  -  h h   g. S’  h   , hg, G, h  hg;  h wg   Ré Gé, Ré Shw  Lz, J Ev, H C, Fh Nzh  Gg B. H h v      , , gh v   n de siècle . A , S  g h w  k   h  Eg g Sh-h  h M  

682

alchemical traditions

 G. ereard ere ard tilton University o Exeter University E xeter,, United Kingdom. D. Hw      R h       h Uv  Ex  Eg. H h g  h h  E   h hg   g,  h h h wk  R, h  g,    h k   k Te Quest or the Phoenix: Spiritual Alchemy and Rosicrucianism in the Work o Count Michael Maier (15691622). H   hg    C Gv Jg’ Red Book,    g hgh-g    h G-  Rkz, h   hg  g , h   R g ,  h h  E    I- .

leon marell School o Communication and Creative Arts, Deakin University, Melbourne, Australia. L Mv   A P  Dk Uv, hg    . F   h w  v    h S G  A, g  v, xh  g  g   h vg misérabilism  h . H   h   g    h ww h,  h      h   , ransgured Light: Philosophy, Science and the Hermetic Imaginary (A P, 2007).

dan mellamp University o Western University Western Ontario, Canada. D Mh, Ig Vg Fw  h C  v M  P: T Nw Sh  Dg,  Aj P  I T  C  h F   A, H, I  M S  W. H  v   hgh hq wh S Cz’ Rg Kg  MG Uv, v   g wh A A’ R Ch  h Uv   , v    h wh h Rg F  W’ v   -

a utor bio rapies

683

 h g,  w   h  — , ,   hh   W.B y  E  Bk—wh I B, A Rg  Chh I  yk. H wk h   j h  M D; Foucault Studies; Deleuze Studies; Dalhousie French Studies; Contre-Attaques; Symposium: International Journal o Continental  Philosophy ; Paideusis: International Journal in the Philosophy o Education; Collapse: Journal o Philosophical Research and Development ;  Janus  Ja nus Hea Head: d: Jou Journal rnal o In Interd terdisciplin isciplinary ary Studi Studies es in Lit Litera erature, ture, Cont Contineninental Philosophy, Phenomenological Psychology and the Arts; G: P  T  C (hg); Oz: J  Oj-O S (hg);   hg h  Leper Creativity , (. E K, N M  Eg Tk), Imaginary Apps (. D.J. Sk/P M  Sv Mvk),  h   (. A Chk). H   h -  h  Nzh Wkh @ W (NWW), -  G S’  On the Mode o Existence o echnical echnical Objects Objec ts (g  / Sx/MI P),   -  P Bk.

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