AI_421_IEC61850

Prof. Dr. Hubert Kirrmann ABBCH-RD

© 2012 ABB Switzerland Ltd, Corporate Research, ABBCH-RD Project C2-012/12 HK

Introduction to the IEC 61850 electrical utility communication standard

Introduction to IEC 61850

Executive summary

IEC 61850 is a collection of international standards defining: -how to describe the devices in an electrical substation and -how to exchange the information about these devices - at configuration time and - at run-time. It simplifies considerably engineering and testing, savings several Mio € per year.

© 2012 ABB Switzerland Ltd Corporate Research ABBCH-RD

It is the base for all developments in substation automation. Main products: definition of model engineering tools object IEC 61850 was developed by the IEC (International Electrotechnical Commission, Geneva) by a group of manufacturers (ABB, Alstom, Schneider, SEL, Siemens, Toshiba,..) and electrical utilities (Electricité de France, Iberdrola, Hydro-Quebec,…) IEC 61850 represents hundreds of person-years of work since 1997, one of the largest and most successful standardization group ever (comparable to IEEE 802.3).

keep on reading even if you are an executive…

2

© 2012 ABB Switzerland Ltd Corporate Research ABBCH-RD

Introduction to IEC 61850

Contents

1.

Introduction: substation elements

2.

Description of the electrical topology

3.

Protection, Control and Measurement devices

4.

Logical Devices and Logical Nodes

5.

Data communication topology

6.

Communication Protocols

7.

Substation Description Language and Tools

8.

Conclusion

3

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Introduction to IEC 61850

Swiss power grid: substations and transmission lines

substations are the nodes of the electricity network, connecting power plants, different voltage levels, different frequencies and large loads

4

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Introduction to IEC 61850

Air-isolated substation (AIS)

5

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Introduction to IEC 61850

Air isolated high voltage elements

circuit breaker (3 phases) (can break short-circuit current)

disconnector (3 phases)

6

power transformers

(can’t be switched under load)

current measurement transformers http://www.abb.com/product/us/9AAC30300082.aspx

Introduction to IEC 61850

Gas-isolated substation (GIS)

7

Control Q0/CSWI Q8/CSWI Q9/CSWI Bay-HMI IHMI

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Earthing Switch Q8_L1/XSWI Gas density mon. Q8_L1/SIMG

Secondary technology

Isolator Q9_L1/XSWI Gas density mon. Q9_L1/SIMG Circuit Breaker Q0_L1/XCBR Gas density mon. Q0_L1/SIMG

Primary technology

Distance Protection PDIS

GIS are used in urban regions where place is scarce, or in open air where conditions are harsh

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Introduction to IEC 61850

Indoor substations (medium voltage)

Gas Isolated high voltage

medium voltage

Connect towns and large industries to the grid

8

Introduction to IEC 61850

Your substation at home

9

The switchboard in a home is a miniature substation: - distribution of electricity (to the different rooms), - control (switch on/off) and - protection (fuses).

switch and protect

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transformer

bath earth fault

living room parents cellar children

kitchen

Introduction to IEC 61850

Substation elements

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Station (Unterwerk, Sous-station, subestación) Node in the power network built in a switchyard (Schaltfeld, campo) consists of : Bus bar (interconnects all elements) Bay for each incoming / outcoming line (“feeder”) bay transformer bay generator bay connection between bus bars equipment is divided into: Primary equipment (switchyard hardware) • breaker • transformer Secondary equipment (electronics) control, monitoring and protection devices

10

Introduction to IEC 61850

Electrical circuit (Single Line Diagram = SLD)

11

three phases

bus bar (jeux de barres, Sammelschiene, barras)

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disconnector (interrupteurs, Trenner, seccionador) cannot be switched under power circuit breaker (disjoncteur, Leistungsschalter, interruptor) can switch fault current G

transformer (transformateur, Trafo, transformador) generator (generateur, Generator, generador)

feeder bay

départ Abgang bahia

bay

bay

Introduction to IEC 61850

Primary and secondary elements

primary

12 Network control centre

secondary

bus bars switches

ABB

COM581

Power Automation AG

Communication Converter

-Q2

-Q1

Control/Protection Cubicles Fällanden Steuerung / Schutz

=AD17 -KB2

220VDC SPANNUNG SYS 1 220VDC SPANNUNG SYS 2

-Q0

Feldsteuergerät REC216

mit Messung und Synchrocheck

VERRIEG ELUNG

VT CT -Q9

motors -Q8

HV Line bay

Process Interface

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circuit breakers

Fällanden Steuerung / Schutz

=AD17 -KB2

C

LEITUNG SHAUPTSCHUTZ

REL316*4

I

I

0

SAMMELSCHIENENSCHUTZ

PRÜFSTECKER I

Reset

0

STUFENVERL.

WE-BLO CK

REB500

Star coupler

AUS

0 SCHUTZ EIN/AUS

Power Automation AG

500SCM

500SCM

500SCM

RER111 500SCM

500SCM

Tx1

01 Tx1

01 Tx1

01 Tx1

01 Tx1

Rx1

Rx1

Rx1

Rx1

Rx1

Tx2

Tx2

Tx2

Tx2

Tx2

Rx2

Rx2

Rx2

Rx2

Rx2

Tx3

Tx3

Tx3

Tx3

Tx3

Rx3

Rx3

Rx3

Rx3

Rx3

RESERVESCHUTZ

d g tal

-X1 SYNCHRO NISIERUNG

ABB

HAND

AUS

SCHUTZ EIN/AUS

2 x 220/24V DC/DC SPANNUNG SVERSO RG UNG

Interbay bus

© 2012 ABB Switzerland Ltd Corporate Research ABBCH-RD

Introduction to IEC 61850

Contents

1.

Introduction: substation elements

2.

Description of the electrical topology

3.

Protection, Control and Measurement devices

4.

Logical Devices and Logical Nodes

5.

Data communication topology

6.

Communication Protocols

7.

Substation Description Language and Tools

8.

Conclusion

13

Introduction to IEC 61850

IEC 61346: Naming of substation elements

14

=E1 =W1

=W2

M

M

M

M

M

M

=QB1

=QB2

=QB1

=QB2

=QB1

=QB2

=QC1

=BU1

=QC1

=BU2

=QA1

M

M

M

M

M

=QB1

=QB2

=QB1

=QB2

M

=QC1

=BI1

M M

=QC1

=QC1

=QC2

=QC11

M

=QA1

=QA1

M =QA1

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M =BI1

=QC2

=BI1

=QC2

M

-QA1

=BI1

=QC2

=BI1

=QC2

=QB12 M =BU1

M

M

=Q3

=BU1 M

=T1

=QC9

=BU1

bay 3

M =BU1 M

=T1

=QB9 M

=Q1

bay 1

M

E1.W1.Q2.QA1

=Q2

=QC9

=QB9

bay 2

=Q4

=Q5

bay 4

The IEC 61346 standard defines how substation elements should be named. (Customers may define their own names, e.g. Q1 is “City_Broadway”)

bay 5

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Introduction to IEC 61850

Primary technology in the switchyard (Air Isolated)

15

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Introduction to IEC 61850

Substation Configuration Language: Single Line Diagram

380 33

© 2012 ABB Switzerland Ltd Corporate Research ABBCH-RD

Introduction to IEC 61850

Contents

1.

Introduction: substation elements

2.

Description of the electrical topology

3.

Protection, Control and Measurement devices

4.

Logical Devices and Logical Nodes

5.

Data communication topology

6.

Communication Protocols

7.

Substation Description Language and Tools

8.

Conclusion

17

Introduction to IEC 61850

Protection, Measurement and Control devices

18

IED = Intelligent Electronic Device bus bar H1

bus-bar protection

bus bar H2

M

M

M

M

M

=QB1

=QB2

=QB1

=QB2

=QB1

=QB2

=QC1

=QC1

M

© 2012 ABB Switzerland Ltd Corporate Research ABBCH-RD

=QA1

bay protection and control

measurement

M

=BI1

M =QA1

=QC2

=BI1

M =BU1

back-up bay protection and control

=QC1

M =QA1

=QC2

=BI1

=QC2

M =BU1 M

=T1

M =BU1

=QC9

=QB9

G generator protection

M

=Q1

=Q2

bay 1 transformer protection

=Q2

bay 2

bay 2

Each object is protected by its own protection & control device

Introduction to IEC 61850

IEC 61850- based product family

19

RE_ 670

Price

RE_ 650 RE_ 630

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RE_ 615 RE_ 60_

voltage / power level

Distribution

Transmission

Introduction to IEC 61850

Example of protection function: time-overcurrent

current [kA]

nominal current

© 2012 ABB Switzerland Ltd Corporate Research ABBCH-RD

duration before trip [ms]

The protection function is adjusted with a set of parameters that are tuned for a specific substation and bay, called a setting. Protection function have usually different settings, that are used depending on the situation.

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Introduction to IEC 61850 Internals of an IED 21

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Introduction to IEC 61850 Signal flow in an IED 22

© 2012 ABB Switzerland Ltd Corporate Research ABBCH-RD

Introduction to IEC 61850

Contents

1.

Introduction: substation elements

2.

Description of the electrical topology

3.

Protection, Control and Measurement devices

4.

Logical Devices and Logical Nodes

5.

Data communication topology

6.

Communication Protocols

7.

Substation Description Language and Tools

8.

Conclusion

23

Introduction to IEC 61850

Logical device

Each physical device (called an IED) can perform functions that was formerly performed by different protection or control devices. Those former devices are represented by Logical Devices within the physical device.

© 2012 ABB Switzerland Ltd Corporate Research ABBCH-RD

Physical Device PISA_Q0_L3 Logical Device Q0_L3/ circuit breaker control and protection

Logical Device B_L3/ buss bar control and protection

24

Introduction to IEC 61850

Logical Nodes

25

IEC 61850 describes each function within a substation equipment (transformer, circuit breaker, protection function...) by a logical node (LN). IED2 IHMI

human interface

IARC

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LAN

IED1

circuit breaker

current measure transformer

XCBR

Q0

CSWI

PIOC TCTR

T1

control of switch

protection against over current

MMTR

voltage measuring transformer

T2

: TVTR MMXU City X

measuring unit

Introduction to IEC 61850

Logical Nodes Groups

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IEC 61850-7-4 standardizes 91 Logical Nodes divided into 13 Logical Groups The first letter of the Logical Node identifies the group. Logical Group L P R C G I A M S X T Y Z

Name Number of Logical Nodes System LN 2 Protection 28 Protection related 10 Control 5 Generic 3 Interfacing and archiving 4 Automatic control 4 Metering and measurement 8 Sensor and monitoring 4 Switchgear 2 Instrument transformers 2 Power transformers 4 Further power system equipment 15

W O H N B F

Wind Solar Hydro Power plant Batteries Fuel Cells

reserved for companion standards

26

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Introduction to IEC 61850

Logical Nodes: switchgear

LNname

Function

XCBR

Circuit breaker

a high-power switch capable of switching off or on under full load current (Schalter, Interrupteur)

XSWI

Circuit switch

a switching device capable of electrically isolating a line, but which may only be operated when essentially no current is flowing

27

Introduction to IEC 61850

Data: Circuit Breaker

28

XCBR

Data Object

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Mod Beh Health NamePlt Loc EEHealth EEName NamPlt OpCnt Pos BlkOpn BlkCls ChaMotEna SumSwARs CBOpCap POWCap MaxOpCap

Explanation Basic LN Mode Behavior Health Name Plate Local operation, not remote External equipment health External equipment name plate Name Plate Operation counter Controls Switch position Block opening Block closing Charger motor enable Measures Sum of switched amperes, resetable Status Circuit breaker operating capability Point on wave switching capability Operating capability when fully charged

Class INC INS INS LPL SPS INS DPL LPL INS

Mandatory M M M

M

DPC SPC SPC SPC

M M M

BCR INS INS INS

M

Introduction to IEC 61850

Attributes: position

29

Each attribute of a DATA consists of a number of Data Attributes, with a Data Attribute Type (DAType) that belong to Functional Constraints (FC)

DATA “Pos”

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Attribute Name

Attribute Type

Functional Constraint

stVal q t

BOOLEAN Quality TimeStamp

Status (ST)

d

Visible String255

Description (DC)

subEna subVal subQ subID

BOOLEAN BOOLEAN Quality Visible String64

Basic Type Common data attribute type

Substitution (SV)

only needed when substitution is possible

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Introduction to IEC 61850 LNname PDIF PDIR PDIS PDOP PDUP PFRC PHAR PHIZ PIOC PMRI PMSS POPF PPAM PSCH PSDE PTEF PTOC PTOF PTOV PTRC PTTR PTUC PTUV PTUF PUPF PVOC PVPH PZSU

Logical nodes of the P-group (protection)

IEEE protection function(s) name 87,87P,87L,87N,87T,87B, 87M, 87G 87B 21 32 32,37,40 81 87T 64 50 49R,66,48,51LR 55 21,85 46,51,60,64R,64S,64W,67,67N,76 81 47,59,59DC,60 49,49R,49S 37 27 55 51V 24 14

Protection Function Differential Direction comparison Distance protection Directional Overpower Directional Underpower Rate of change of frequency Harmonic restraint Ground detector Instantaneous overcurrent Motor restart inhibition Motor starting supervision Over power factor Phase angle measuring Protection scheme Sensitive directional earth fault Transient earth fault Time overcurrent Overfrequency Overvoltage Thermal overload Undercurrent Undervoltage Underfrequency Under power factor Voltage controlled time overcurrent Volt per Hertz Zero speed or underspeed

30

Introduction to IEC 61850

Substation Configuration Language: Equipment

476621a8-3f95-4a19-9b63-31171ddd62f9 value quality time stamp substituted value

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name of the circuit breaker

health state

name plate

local/remote operation

number of switching opertions

description

current breaker position

31

© 2012 ABB Switzerland Ltd Corporate Research ABBCH-RD

Introduction to IEC 61850

Contents

1.

Introduction: substation elements

2.

Description of the electrical topology

3.

Protection, Control and Measurement devices

4.

Logical Devices and Logical Nodes

5.

Data communication topology

6.

Communication Protocols

7.

Substation Description Language and Tools

8.

Conclusion

32

Introduction to IEC 61850

Data and electrical topologies

33

01

electrical topology: Single Line Diagram

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bay 01

bay

02

bay

03

GPS clock

printer Log

04

SCADA

bay

11

bay

12

Network Control Gateway

switch

data network topology

bay

station bus

IED

IED

IED

IED

IED

IED

IED

IED

IED

IED

IED

IED

IED

IED

IED

IED

IED

IED

bay 03

bay 04

bay 01

bay 02

bay 11

bay 12

the structure of the network reflects the structure of the substation

Introduction to IEC 61850

Station Bus and Process Bus

34

network control

SCADA

Engineering

HMI

HMI

SCADA level

(9-2 SV)

process input analogue process interface binary

PIA

Process bus

8-1 GOOSE

9-2 SV

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horizontal traffic

(8-1 GOOSE)

IED

IED

IED

IED

IED

IED

vertical traffic

Station Bus

bay level

SCADA

(MMS)

SCADA

clock

gateway firewall

IED

IED

IED

IED

IED

IED

IED

IED

IED

PIB primary technology

bay

bay

direct wiring

bay

bay

bay

Introduction to IEC 61850

IEC 61850 station bus ring topology (preferred, other exist) GPS time

printer

operator workplace

logger

network control centre remote control

switch S

station bus (ring) = Ethernet

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switch 1

switch 2

100Fx (fibre) links

100Tx (copper) links

bay 1

IED

IEC

IED

IED

IED

IED

IED

IED

bay 2

...

IED

bay N

the structure of the network reflects the structure of the substation

35

Introduction to IEC 61850 HP Color Laserjet

Printer Server 1

Substation Automation Network: a real case Operator's Workstation 1

Global Position to Disturbance Recorder System Central Station Evalution Station

Engineering Workstation

Oper ator 's Wor kstation 2

36

PTUSK Scope

132kV FOX Equipment

Alarm and Event Printer 1 LA36W

11kV analog Ether 132kV analog Input net Input

Printer Server 2

Telephon Modem Verbindung zu E4

Alarm and Event Printer 2 LA36W

o/e

LAN-Interface to LV SCMS Repeater

Redundant Station LAN TCP-IP

GPS Master

Repeater

Front-End Station Computer 1 Service Modem

11kV Modem 132kV Modem NSK NSK

Front-End Station Computer 2

HP Color

Fallback Switch

Station Alarm Unit

RS232

Laser jet

Station Alarm Unit LDCs Interface from Station ComputerIEC870-5-101 2 LDCs Interface from Station ComputerIEC870-5-101 1

SAS570 Advanced Substation Automation System

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Manual Switch

4 x Star Coupler RER111 including redundant power supply

FO

Fibre optic station bus (LON) in star configuration

Control Bay control unit REC316*4

Main 2

Line distance prot. REL316*4

Bay control unit REC316*4

500RIO11 , 16DI

3Ph and neutral OC SPAJ140C

Protection Differential protection RET316*4

Bay control unit REC316*4

Bay control unit REC316*4

AVR and tap control T1 type REGSys

Analog alarm unit SACO16A3

BBP/BFP Centr al unit

REB500

AVR and tap control T2 type REGSys

EF and OC SPAJ110C

SACO16A3 R

Stand by

SPAJ110C earth fault

overcurrent Prot.

Main 1 SACO16A3 R

SPAJ110C Tertiary Earth fault Prot.

SACO16A3 R

Phase and

SPAJ140C neutral

SPAU140C

overcurrent Prot.

Synchr o-

SPAJ110C Neutral

Analog alarm unit SACO16A3

earth fault Prot.

AVR and tap control T3 type REGSys

10 x BBP/BFP Bay unit REB500

Siemens 7SD610 für E19 Verbindung

B69 Überstrom

Bay control unit Pilot wire diff. prot. (loose delivery) SOLKOR R/Rf. 4 x 132kV Cable Line

SACO64D4Auxiliary alarm unit

SPAJ115CRestricted earth fault Protection

SACO64D4Auxiliary alarm unit

SPAJ110C

Bay control unit (loose delivery) (loose delivery) 1 x 132kV Bus Coupler

10 x 132kV

4 x 11kV

6 x 500RIO11 DI

check

o/e

Fault Monitoring System Indactic I650

Earth fault overcurrent Prot.

SPAJ115C

AVR and tap control T4 type REGSys Restricted earth fault Protection

1 x spare

132kV Side (loose delivery)

SACO64D4Auxiliary alarm unit

1 x 500RIO11 DO

SACO64D4 Auxiliary alarm unit

11kV Side

Coaxial cable

(loose delivery)

4 x 132/11kV Transformer Feeder

Trafo Interlocking

AVR & Tap Control

132kV BBP / BFP

132kV Common Alarm

FMS Fault Monitoring System

Introduction to IEC 61850

Redundant IEC 61850 network workstation1

37

workstation2

logger

NCC

NCC

COM

COM

printer Duo/Duplo

© 2012 ABB Switzerland Ltd Corporate Research ABBCH-RD

station bus (ring)

IED

IED

IED

IED

IED

IED

IED IED 3rd party

bay (ring)

bay (ring)

bay (star)

Mixing redundant, non-redundant, HASAR and PRP

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Introduction to IEC 61850

Substation Configuration Language: communication

… 10.41.24.135 255.255.255.0 10.58.125.232 255.255.255.0 10.41.24.136 255.255.255.0 …

IEC61850-6 specifies the data network topology (with its coordinates), the devices that participate in communication, how they are connected, which are their addresses and which is the data traffic they generate. This information allows to determine at engineering time the traffic load on the network.

38

© 2012 ABB Switzerland Ltd Corporate Research ABBCH-RD

Introduction to IEC 61850

Contents

1.

Introduction: substation elements

2.

Description of the electrical topology

3.

Protection, Control and Measurement devices

4.

Logical Devices and Logical Nodes

5.

Data communication topology

6.

Communication Protocols

7.

Substation Description Language and Tools

8.

Conclusion

39

Introduction to IEC 61850

Three types of communication in IEC 61850

40

NCC

Supervisory Level

Telecontrol

HMI

SCADA

SCADA

GPSa Event Printers

Back-Up

Bay Level

GOOSE

IED IED IED

bay

sampled values (IED to IED) IEC 61850-9-2

interbay bus

MMS

horizontal communication (IED to IED) IEC 61850-8

IEC 61850

Station Bus

Sample Values

© 2012 ABB Switzerland Ltd Corporate Research ABBCH-RD

S-bus

bay

bay

vertical communication (SCADA to IEDs) IEC 61850-8

bay

bay

bay

Introduction to IEC 61850

IEC 61850: Three protocols stacks

41

ACSI = Application Common Interface

GOOSE publisher-subscriber IED-IED IEC 61850-8-1

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MMS client-server SCADA-IEDs IEC 61850-8-1

Ethernet

SV PI-IED 61850-9-2

Introduction to IEC 61850

Details of the stack

42

application application application

1ms

1µs

ACSI Soft-Time stack

Hard Real-Time stack

Client/Server services

presentation SNTP © 2012 ABB Switzerland Ltd Corporate Research ABBCH-RD

session

MMS ISO 9506-1:2003 ACSE ISO/IEC 8649:1996 ISO Session ISO/IEC 8245 ISO Transport RFC 1006

transport

TCP RFC 793

network

IP

link layer

PT=0800

SV

x88F7

x88B8

x88BA

spanning tree (802.1d) ICMP

PT=0806

802.p1 / 802.1Q 802.2

PTID=8100

link redundancy entity (PRP / HSR)

redundancy physical layer

GOOSE

ARP

void

VLAN - priority

IEEE 1588

MAC layer

Ethernet A

Ethernet B

Introduction to IEC 61850

Client-Server Protocol (MMS) – two modes

MMS client

network

43

MMS server

distance network Request

Indication

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processing

Confirmation

1) Request-Response

Response

asynchronous event

Request

2) Unsolicited

Indication time

builds on unicast TCP/IPv4

( IEC 61850-8-1 )

Introduction to IEC 61850

GOOSE: event-driven real-time communication event

T0

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T0 (T0) T1 T2, T3

(T0)

T1T1 T2

T3

T0

T0

retransmission in stable conditions (no event for a long time). retransmission in stable conditions may be shortened by an event. shortest retransmission time after the event. retransmission times until achieving the stable conditions time. (the value of these times is an application issue)

Used to transmit to all other bays a state change (e.g. switch closing) Publisher-Subscriber (Source addressed) Uses multicast on layer 2 ( IEC 61850-8-1 )

44

Introduction to IEC 61850

Communication protocols in IEC 61850

45

application ACSI SCADA

MMS Goose TCP / IP Ethernet

© 2012 ABB Switzerland Ltd Corporate Research ABBCH-RD

Station Bus

Ethernet TCP / IP IEDs

Ethernet TCP / IP

Goose

Ethernet TCP / IP

Goose

Goose

MMS

MMS

MMS

substation objects

substation objects

substation objects

IEC 61850 uses different stacks for the different kinds of traffic.

© 2012 ABB Switzerland Ltd Corporate Research ABBCH-RD

Introduction to IEC 61850

Contents

1.

Introduction: substation elements

2.

Description of the electrical topology

3.

Protection, Control and Measurement devices

4.

Logical Devices and Logical Nodes

5.

Data communication topology

6.

Communication Protocols

7.

Substation Description Language and Tools

8.

Conclusion

46

Introduction to IEC 61850

Substation Configuration Description

47

The Substation Configuration Description (SCD) file according to IEC61850 is the “DNA” of the substation, defining:

© 2012 ABB Switzerland Ltd Corporate Research ABBCH-RD

Integrated Engineering Tools

SCD

substation topology (busbars, feeders, switches,..)

logical devices and protection functions (overcurrent, ….)

NCC

NCC

Computer Printer Timeserver Computer Timeserver

a large XML file(4 MB..12 MB)

data network configuration (IP addresses…)

Switch Switch

1 Control IED Control IED Control IED Prot. IED Prot. IED

Switch Switch

Prot. IED

...

2

Control IED Control IED Control IED Prot. IED Prot. IED

Prot. IED

...

.....

Switch

11 Control IED Control IED Control IED

Prot. IED Prot. IED

.....

Prot. IED

...

Introduction to IEC 61850

Object Model

The IEC 61850 object model is the centerpiece of the standard. It relies on application know-how of the standards group. The model is used for: - system verification (“virtual maximum size substation”) - engineering of a particular substation

© 2012 ABB Switzerland Ltd Corporate Research ABBCH-RD

- allocation of functions to devices in that substation - configuration of the real devices (IEDs and SCADA) and real network - testing and debugging

The object model is implemented: -a) in the engineering tools (total substation) -b) in the SCADA (relevant parts of substation) -c) in the devices (only local functions, need-to-know)

48

Introduction to IEC 61850

Impact of the SCL on the engineering process

Substation configuration

IET

Single Line Diagram

SCADA

49

Telecontrol

SCD

COMxxx Status and Control

ICD

interbay bus

CAP / PCM Tools

IED configuration © 2012 ABB Switzerland Ltd Corporate Research ABBCH-RD

CID

IED

physical signals

IED

physical signals

IED

physical signals

The use of SCL obliges to adopt a top-down approach in engineering: 1) 2) 3) 4) 5)

Single line diagram Bay description Function description Communication description IED parameters

Introduction to IEC 61850

IET: substation configuration tool

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IET in used in all projects to produce the single line diagram, attach the IEDs and generate the SCD file

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Introduction to IEC 61850

The Synthy idea: simulate devices modeled in IEC 61850 Supervisory Level (SCADA) LAN Analyzer

Integrated Engineering Tools

GPSa

Telecontrol

HMI

SCADA

Station Computer / HMI

DataBase OPC

Event Printers

DB OPC

IEC 61850 Industrial Ethernet

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SCD

PCM

bay

bay

bay

Omicron, XS-92

Lower testers

switches and leds

classic testing

PLCs

bay

bay

bay

substation objects 1A~, 100V~ 110V=, 24V= RTU

script script script

GUI GUI

Synthy

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Introduction to IEC 61850

Synthy in Factory Acceptance Test

52

before….

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SCADA

real IEDs Synthy

after….

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Introduction to IEC 61850

Contents

1.

Introduction: substation elements

2.

Description of the electrical topology

3.

Protection, Control and Measurement devices

4.

Logical Devices and Logical Nodes

5.

Data communication topology

6.

Communication Protocols

7.

Substation Description Language and Tools

8.

Conclusion

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Introduction to IEC 61850

The main features of IEC 61850

- defines interconnection of IEDs based on Ethernet / TCP-IP / MMS

- defines besides TCP/IP a Layer 2 traffic for time-critical data

-defines an object model

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-defines application layer semantics for the objects

-defines a substation configuration language

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Introduction to IEC 61850

Benefits of IEC 61850

The benefit of an IEC61850 device is not in the price of the device: it is in lower cost to use the device. The benefit of an IEC61850 system is not in buying the system: it is in lower costs to engineer and commission the substation system.

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The cost of an installed device is 7 times the value of the device ! “The flexibility provided by the IEC61850/UCA-MMS protocols has the potential for saving millions of dollars in development costs for utilities and manufacturers, since it eliminates the need for protocol converters and lengthy, complex database mapping when integrating devices from different manufacturers. Gustavo Brunello, GE, in Electricity Today, Issue 4, 2003, page 10”

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Introduction to IEC 61850

Conclusion

IEC 61850 is the base for all future developments in substation automation

IEC 61850 is a successful standard in substations, because it put all competitors on an equal footing through the Ethernet / Internet technology.

© 2012 ABB Switzerland Ltd Corporate Research ABBCH-RD

IEC 61850 defines an application object model that is independent from the communication and ensures long-term investment.

IEC 61850 value resides in the savings in engineering and testing that it allows.

IEC 61850 paved the way for other standards, such as wind mills, hydro and the same principles could be used in any standardized plant. .

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Introduction to IEC 61850

Outlook: Spreading to other standards

The methods of IEC 61850 have been applied successfully to other domains.

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IEC 61400-25 (Wind turbines) IEC61850-90-7 (Inverters for Distributed Energy and Renewable) IEC 61850-90-5 (Synchrophasor transmission) IEC_61850-7-510 (Hydro plants) IEC_61850-7-420 (Distributed Energy and Renewable) => Common Information Model (CIM, IEC 61968 / IEC 61970)

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Introduction to IEC 61850

Wind turbine objects

58

WindTurbine (WTUR)

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Logical Node TMS

Turbine Availability Time

Emergency Stop

BOOL

TMS

Turbine Operation Time

Var SetPoint

STP

CTE

Number of Turbine Starts

CTE

Number of Turbine Stops

STV

Windturbine Status

AMV

Total active Energy generation

W SetPoint

Windturbine operation command

network every conformant wind turbine must implement these objects !

STP

CMD

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Introduction to IEC 61850 59