Agente Aduanal

 

7. Ch micdtc mnumdmh, mpfncrmnf mnumdmh y ch Njgtm`jdmnfr mnumdcf (Cxphjgmr cd quê gfdsjstc hm rcspfdsmkjhjnmn nch micdtc mnumdmh gf`f gfhmkfrmnfr nc hm mn`jdjstrmgj÷d< cxphjgmr cd quê gfdsjstc ch ncsc`pcýf nch pfncrmnf mnumdmh< njstjdiujr hfs ncrcgefs y fkhjimgjfdcs cdtrc ch micdtc mnumdmh y ch mpfncrmnf mnumdmh, msà gf`f hfs rcqujsjtfs y fkhjimgjfdcs quc nckcrí tcdcr ch njgtm`jdmnfr mnumdcrf). [cspfdsmkjhjnmn nch micdtc mnumdmh.  Micdtc mnumdmh cs hm pcrsfdm pcrsfdm bàsjgm bàsjgm mutfrjzmnm mutfrjzmnm pfr pfr hm Wcgrctmràm, Wcgrctmràm, `cnjmdtc `cnjmdtc udm pmtcdtc, pmrm prf`fvcr pfr gucdtm mocdm ch ncspmgef nc hms `crgmdgàms, cd hfs njbcrcdtcs rcià`cdcs mnumdcrfs prcvjstfs cd cstm Hcy. Qmrm cdtcdncr su rcspfdsmkjhjnmn cs j`pfrtmdtc gfdfgcr tm`kjcd sus ncrcgefs, fkhjimgjfdcs y gmsfs cd hfs quc ch micdtc mnumdmh pucnc scr suspcdnjnf. Hm rcspfdsmkjhjnmn dmgc cd hm gfdgcsj÷d ftfrimnm pfr ch C Cstmnf stmnf mh micdtc mnumdmh, ym quc ftfrim bmguhtmncs pmrm cxphftmr kjcdcs pcrtcdcgjcdtcs mh Cstmnf f pmrm ftfrimr mhiÿd scrvjgjf pÿkhjgf. Ch mrtjguhf quc gfdgcnc hm mutfrjzmgj÷d cs ch =3: Hcy Mnumdcrm? Qmrm fktcdcr hm pmtcdtc nc micdtc mnumdmh sc rcqujcrc? =. Wcr `cxjgmdf pfr dmgj`jcdtf cd phcdf cocrgjgjf nc sus ncrcgefs. ;. Df emkcr sjnf gfdncdmnf pfr scdtcdgjm cocgutfrjmnm pfr nchjtf nfhfsf y cd ch

gmsf nc emkcr sjnf micdtc f mpfncrmnf mnumdmh, su pmtcdtc f mutfrjzmgj÷d df eukjcrmd sjnf gmdgchmnms. 7. Ifzmr nc kucdm rcputmgj÷d pcrsfdmh. >. Df scr scrvjnfr pÿkhjgf, cxgcptf trmtídnfsc nc gmrifs nc chcggj÷d pfpuhmr, dj `jhjtmr cd scrvjgjf mgtjvf. 3. Df tcdcr pmrcdtcsgf pfr gfdsmdiujdjnmn cd hàdcm rcgtm sjd hj`jtmgj÷d nc irmnf y gfhmtcrmh emstm ch gumrtf irmnf, dj pfr mbjdjnmn, gfd ch mn`jdjstrmnfr nc hm mnumdm 2. 9. 5. :.

nc mnsgrjpgj÷d nc hm pmtcdtc. ^cdcr tàtuhf prfbcsjfdmh f su cqujvmhcdtc cd hfs têr`jdfs nc hm hcy nc hm `mtcrjm. ^cdcr cxpcrjcdgjm cd `mtcrjm mnumdcrm, `myfr nc trcs mýfs. Cxejkjr gfdstmdgjm nc su jdsgrjpgj÷d cd ch [cijstrf Bcncrmh nc Gfdtrjkuycdtcs.  Mprfkmr ch cxm`cd cxm`cd nc gfdfgj`jcdtf gfdfgj`jcdtfs s quc prmgtjquc prmgtjquc hm hm mutfrjnmn mutfrjnmn mnumdcrm mnumdcrm y ud ud cxm`cd psjgftêgdjgf.

Gukjcrtfs hfs rcqujsjtfs, hm Wcgrctmràm ftfrimrí hm pmtcdtc mh jdtcrcsmnf cd ud phmzf df `myfr nc gumtrf `cscs. Hm pmtcdtc cs pcrsfdmh c jdtrmdsbcrjkhc. Hm Wcgrctmràm pfnrí cxpcnjr, m pctjgj÷d nch jdtcrcsmnf, pmtcdtcs nc micdtc mnumdmh quc hcijtj`cd m su tjtuhmr pmrm prf`fvcr ÿdjgm`cdtc ch ncspmgef nc `crgmdgàms guyms brmggjfdcs mrmdgchmrjms sc mutfrjgcd cd bfr`m cxprcsm. Qmrm fktcdcr njgem pmtcdtc sc nckcrí gu`phjr gfd hfs rcqujsjtfs m quc sc rcbjcrc cstc mrtàguhf.

 

Ncrcgefs nch micdtc mnumdmh. Mrtàguhf =27? =1. Cocrgcr hm pmtcdtc. ==. Gfdstjtujr sfgjcnmncs jdtcirmnms pfr `cxjgmdfs pmrm bmgjhjtmr hm prcstmgj÷d nc

sus scrvjgjfs. Hm sfgjcnmn y sus sfgjfs, smhvf hfs prfpjfs micdtcs mnumdmhcs, df mnqujrjríd ncrcgef mhiudf sfkrc hm pmtcdtc, dj njsbrutmríd nc hfs quc hm hcy gfdbjcrc m cstfs ÿhtj`fs. =;. Wfhjgjtmr ch gm`kjf nc mnsgrjpgj÷d m mnumdm njstjdtm, sjc`prc quc tcdim nfs mýfs nc cocrgjgjf jdjdtcrru`pjnf y gfdghuym ch trí`jtc nc hfs ncspmgefs jdjgjmnfs. =7. Ncsjidmr emstm trcs `mdnmtmrjfs gumdnf rcmhjgc ud `íxj`f nc trcsgjcdtms fpcrmgjfdcs mh `cs< sj cxgcnc nc cstc dÿ`crf pfnrí ncsjidmr emstm gjdgf `mdnmtmrjfs. Brmggj÷d rcbfr`mnm NFB 7=-=;-=::5  =>. Gfkrmr hfs efdfrmrjfs quc pmgtc gfd su ghjcdtc pfr hfs scrvjgjfs prcstmnfs, jdghusf cd ch gmsf m quc sc rcbjcrc ch sciudnf pírrmbf nc hm brmggj÷d UJR nch mrtàguhf =>> nc cstm Hcy. =3. Wuspcdncr vfhudtmrjm`cdtc sus mgtjvjnmncs, prcvjm mutfrjzmgj÷d nc hms mutfrjnmncs mnumdcrms. =2. Ncsjidmr, pfr ÿdjgm vcz, m udm pcrsfdm bàsjgm mdtc ch Wcrvjgjf nc Mn`jdjstrmgj÷d ^rjkutmrjm, gf`f su micdtc mnumdmh mnsgrjtf, pmrm quc cd gmsf nc bmhhcgj`jcdtf, jdgmpmgjnmn pcr`mdcdtc f rctjrf vfhudtmrjf, êstc hf sustjtuym, fktcdjcdnf su pmtcdtc mnumdmh pmrm mgtumr mh m`pmrf nc hm `js`m cd hm mnumdm nc mnsgrjpgj÷d frjijdmh y cd hms trcs mnumdms mnjgjfdmhcs quc, cd su gmsf, hc eukjcrmd sjnf mutfrjzmnms cd hfs têr`jdfs nch mrtàguhf =2= nc cstm Hcy. Ch micdtc mnumdmh mnsgrjtf cd hfs têr`jdfs nch pírrmbf mdtcrjfr, df pfnrí, m su vcz, ncsjidmr m ftrm pcrsfdm bàsjgm quc hf sustjtuym cd gmsf nc su bmhhcgj`jcdtf, jdgmpmgjnmn pcr`mdcdtc f rctjrf vfhudtmrjf. Cd cstc gmsf, ch Wcrvjgjf nc Mn`jdjstrmgj÷d ^rjkutmrjm tcdnrí hm bmguhtmn nc ncsjidmrhf, m sfhjgjtun cxprcsm. Hm ncsjidmgj÷d y rcvfgmgj÷d nc micdtcpfr mnumdmh mnsgrjtf, nckcrí csgrjtf y scr rmtjbjgmnms pcrsfdmh`cdtc ch micdtc mnumdmh mdtcprcscdtmrsc ch Wjstc`m pfr nc  Mn`jdjstrmgj÷d  Mn`jdjst rmgj÷d ^rjkutmrjm. ^rjkutmrjm. Qmrm quc prfgcnm hm ncsjidmgj÷d gf`f micdtc mnumdmh sustjtutf, hm pcrsfdm ncsjidmnm nckcrí nc gu`phjr gfd hfs rcqujsjtfs quc cxjic ch mrtàguhf =3: nc cstm Hcy.

Fkhjimgjfdcs. Mrtjguhf =2>. Ch micdtc mnumdmh scrí suspcdnjnf cd ch cocrgjgjf nc sus budgjfdcs emstm pfr dfvcdtm nàms, f pfr ch phmzf quc rcsuhtc cd hfs têr`jdfs nc hm brmggjfdcs J, JR, R y RJJJ nc cstc mrtàguhf, pfr hms sjiujcdtcs gmusms? =9. Cdgfdtrmrsc suoctf m ud prfgcnj`jcdtf pcdmh pfr emkcr pmrtjgjpmnf cd hm

gf`jsj÷d nc nchjtfs bjsgmhcs f prjvmnf nc su hjkcrtmn gumdnf cstê suoctf m ud

 

prfgcnj`jcdtf pcdmh pfr hm gf`jsj÷d nc ftrf nchjtf quc m`crjtc pcdm gfrpfrmh. Hm suspcdsj÷d nurmrí ch tjc`pf quc ch micdtc mnumdmh cstê suoctf mh prfgcnj`jcdtf pcdmh pfr hm gf`jsj÷d nc nchjtfs bjsgmhcs f prjvmnf nc su hjkcrtmn. =5. Ncomr nc gu`phjr gfd ch cdgmrif quc sc hc eukjcrc gfdbcrjnf, msà gf`f trmdsbcrjr f cdnfsmr nfgu`cdtfs m su gfdsjidmgj÷d, sjd mutfrjzmgj÷d csgrjtm nc su `mdnmdtc, smhvf cd ch gmsf nc gfrrcspfdsmhàms cdtrc micdtcs mnumdmhcs. =:. Jdtcrvcdjr cd mhiÿd ncspmgef mnumdcrf sjd mutfrjzmgj÷d nc qujcd hciàtj`m`cdtc

pucnm ftfrimrhf. ;1. Cstmr suoctf m ud prfgcnj`jcdtf nc gmdgchmgj÷d. Hm suspcdsj÷d nurmrí emstm quc sc njgtc rcsfhugj÷d, cxgcptf cd hfs gmsfs m quc sc rcbjcrcd hms brmggjfdcs JJJ y JR nch mrtàguhf =23 nc cstm Hcy. Brmggj÷d rcbfr`mnm NFB 1=-1=-;11;  ;=. Msu`jr hfs hfs gmrifs m quc sc sc rcbjcrc ch mrtàguhf mrtàguhf =3:, brmggj÷d JR, JR, smhvf quc emym fktcdjnf gfd mdtcrjfrjnmn hm mutfrjzmgj÷d nc suspcdsj÷d nc mgtjvjnmncs. Cd cstc gmsf, hm suspcdsj÷d scrí pfr ch tjc`pf quc suksjstm hm gmusm quc hm `ftjv÷. ;;. Ncghmrmr gfd jdcxmgtjtun cd ch pcnj`cdtf, sjc`prc quc rcsuhtc hcsjfdmnf ch jdtcrês bjsgmh y df scmd mphjgmkhcs hms gmusmhcs nc gmdgchmgj÷d cstmkhcgjnms cd hm brmggj÷d JJ nch mrtàguhf =23 nc cstm Hcy. Df sc suspcdncrí mh micdtc mnumdmh pfr ch prj`cr crrfr quc gf`ctm nurmdtc gmnm mýf nc gmhcdnmrjf, sjc`prc quc ch crrfr df cxgcnm nch `fdtf y pfrgcdtmoc scýmhmnf cd ch jdgjsf m) nc hm gjtmnm brmggj÷d JJ nch mrtàguhf =23. ;7. Df prfgcncrí hm suspcdsj÷d m quc sc rcbjcrc cstm brmggj÷d, gumdnf hm f`jsj÷d nc

gfdtrjkugjfdcs y guftms gf`pcdsmtfrjms, cd su gmsf, sc nckm m hm jdcxmgtm ghmsjbjgmgj÷d mrmdgchmrjm pfr njbcrcdgjm nc grjtcrjfs cd hm jdtcrprctmgj÷d nc hms tmrjbms gfdtcdjnms cd hms hcycs nc hfs j`pucstfs icdcrmhcs nc j`pfrtmgj÷d f cxpfrtmgj÷d, sjc`prc quc hm ncsgrjpgj÷d, dmturmhczm y nc`ís gmrmgtcràstjgms dcgcsmrjms pmrm hm ghmsjbjgmgj÷d nc hms `crgmdgàms emymd sjnf gfrrcgtm`cdtc `mdjbcstmnms m hm mutfrjnmn. Qírrmbf rcbfr`mnf NFB 71-=;-=::2  ;>. ^rmtídnfsc nc hfs rcià`cdcs mnumdcrfs tc`pfrmhcs, nc ncp÷sjtf bjsgmh y nc

trídsjtf nc `crgmdgàms, ncghmrmr gfd jdcxmgtjtun mhiudf nc hfs nmtfs m quc sc rcbjcrc ch prj`cr pírrmbf nc hm brmggj÷d JJ, nch mrtàguhf =23 nc cstm Hcy, sjc`prc quc gfd hfs nmtfs mpfrtmnfs, cxghujnm hm hjqujnmgj÷d prfvjsjfdmh m quc sc rcbjcrcd hfs mrtàguhfs =;9, brmggj÷d JJ y =7=, brmggj÷d JJ nc cstm Hcy, nc emkcrsc ncstjdmnf hm `crgmdgàm nc quc sc trmtc mh rêij`cd nc j`pfrtmgj÷d ncbjdjtjvm, hm f`jsj÷d df cxgcnm nc $::,7>;.11. ;3. Gmrcgcr pfr prj`crm y sciudnm fgmsj÷d nc kjcdcs subjgjcdtcs pmrm gukrjr grênjtfs bjsgmhcs quc emymd qucnmnf bjr`cs, y quc pmrm su gfkrf sc emym sciujnf ch prfgcnj`jcdtf mn`jdjstrmtjvf nc cocgugj÷d. Cd cstc gmsf, hm suspcdsj÷d scrí pfr ch tjc`pf quc suksjstm hm gmusm quc hm `ftjv÷. Cd tfnf gmsf nc suspcdsj÷d, ch mbcgtmnf df pfnrí jdjgjmr ducvms fpcrmgjfdcs, sjdf sfhm`cdtc gfdghujr hms quc tuvjcrm ym jdjgjmnms m hm bcgem cd quc hc scm dftjbjgmnf ch mgucrnf rcspcgtjvf.

 

Gmusms icdcrmnfrms nc smdgjfdcs. M[^JGSHF =23. Wcrí gmdgchmnm hm pmtcdtc nc micdtc mnumdmh, jdncpcdnjcdtc`cdtc nc hms smdgjfdcs quc prfgcnmd pfr hms jdbrmggjfdcs gf`ctjnms, pfr hms sjiujcdtcs gmusms? ;2. Gfdtrmvcdjr hf njspucstf cd ch mrtàguhf =27, brmggj÷d JJ. ;9. Ncghmrmr gfd jdcxmgtjtun mhiÿd nmtf cd ch pcnj`cdtf, f cd hm bmgturm trmtídnfsc

nc fpcrmgjfdcs gfd pcnj`cdtf gfdsfhjnmnf, sjc`prc quc sc nê mhiudf nc hfs sjiujcdtcs supucstfs? Qírrmbf rcbfr`mnf NFB 7=-=;-=::5  m. Hm f`jsj÷d cd ch pmif nc j`pucstfs mh gf`crgjf cxtcrjfr, ncrcgefs y guftms gf`pcdsmtfrjms, cd su gmsf, cxgcnm nc $=>=,:=9.11 y njgem f`jsj÷d rcprcscdtc `ís nch =1% nch tftmh nc hfs quc nckjcrfd pmimrsc. Jdgjsf rcbfr`mnf NFB 7=-=;-=::5 . Gmdtjnmn mgtumhjzmnm NFB 1=-17;11; , ;5-1>-;117 ;5-1>-;117,, 1>-1>-;113 , =1-1>-;112 , 1:-13-;119 , 1:-13-;115 , =;13-;11: k. Cbcgtumr hfs trí`jtcs nch ncspmgef sjd ch pcr`jsf f sjd gfdtmr gfd hm

msjidmgj÷d nch gupf nc hms mutfrjnmncs gf`pctcdtcs, gumdnf sc rcqujcrm, f sjd rcmhjzmr ch ncsgmrif tftmh f pmrgjmh sfkrc ch pcr`jsf f gupf mdtcs nc mgtjvmr ch `cgmdjs`f nc schcggj÷d mutf`mtjzmnf. Jdgjsf rcbfr`mnf NFB 7=-=;-=::5  g. Wc trmtc nc `crgmdgàm nc j`pfrtmgj÷d f cxpfrtmgj÷d prfejkjnm. n. Df prfgcncrí hm gmdgchmgj÷d m quc sc rcbjcrc cstm brmggj÷d, gumdnf hm

f`jsj÷d nc gfdtrjkugjfdcs y guftms gf`pcdsmtfrjms, cd su gmsf, sc nckm m hm jdcxmgtm ghmsjbjgmgj÷d mrmdgchmrjm pfr njbcrcdgjm nc grjtcrjfs cd hm jdtcrprctmgj÷d nc hms tmrjbms gfdtcdjnms cd hms hcycs nc hfs j`pucstfs icdcrmhcs nc j`pfrtmgj÷d f cxpfrtmgj÷d, sjc`prc quc hm ncsgrjpgj÷d, dmturmhczm y nc`ís gmrmgtcràstjgms dcgcsmrjms pmrm hm ghmsjbjgmgj÷d nc hms `crgmdgàms emymd sjnf gfrrcgtm`cdtc `mdjbcstmnms m hm mutfrjnmn. Qírrmbf rcbfr`mnf NFB 71-=;-=::2  ;5. Wcýmhmr cd ch pcnj`cdtf ch df`krc, nf`jgjhjf bjsgmh f hm ghmvc nch rcijstrf bcncrmh

nc gfdtrjkuycdtcs nc mhiudm pcrsfdm quc df eukjcrc sfhjgjtmnf hm fpcrmgj÷d mh micdtc mnumdmh, f gumdnf cstfs nmtfs rcsuhtcd bmhsfs f jdcxjstcdtcs. Brmggj÷d rcbfr`mnm NFB 71-=;-=::2  ;:. [ctrjkujr nc gumhqujcr bfr`m, njrcgtm f jdnjrcgtm`cdtc m ud micdtc mnumdmh

suspcdnjnf cd ch cocrgjgjf nc sus budgjfdcs f m mhiudm pcrsfdm `frmh cd quc êstc scm sfgjf f mggjfdjstm f cstê rchmgjfdmnf nc gumhqujcr ftrm bfr`m, pfr hm trmdsbcrcdgjm nc ghjcdtcs quc hc emim ch micdtc mnumdmh suspcdnjnf< msà gf`f rcgjkjr pmifs njrcgtm f jdnjrcgtm`cdtc nc ud micdtc mnumdmh suspcdnjnf cd sus budgjfdcs f nc udm pcrsfdm `frmh cd hm quc êstc scm sfgjf f mggjfdjstm f cstê rchmgjfdmnf nc gumhqujcr ftrm bfr`m, pfr rcmhjzmr trí`jtcs rchmgjfdmnfs gfd hm

 

j`pfrtmgj÷d f cxpfrtmgj÷d nc `crgmdgàms prfpjcnmn nc pcrsfdms njstjdtms nch micdtc mnumdmh suspcdnjnf f nc hm pcrsfdm `frmh mhunjnm. 71. Wcr gfdncdmnf cd scdtcdgjm ncbjdjtjvm pfr emkcr pmrtjgjpmnf cd hm gf`jsj÷d nc nchjtfs bjsgmhcs f nc ftrfs nchjtfs jdtcdgjfdmhcs quc m`crjtcd pcdm gfrpfrmh. 7=. Qcr`jtjr quc ud tcrgcrf, gumhqujcrm quc scm su gmrígtcr, mgtÿc mh m`pmrf nc su pmtcdtc. 7;. ^rmtídnfsc nc hfs rcià`cdcs mnumdcrfs tc`pfrmhcs, nc ncp÷sjtf bjsgmh y nc

trídsjtf nc `crgmdgàms, ncghmrmr gfd jdcxmgtjtun mhiudf nc hfs nmtfs m quc sc rcbjcrc ch prj`cr pírrmbf nc hm brmggj÷d Jh nc cstc mrtàguhf, sjc`prc quc gfd hfs nmtfs mpfrtmnfs, cxghujnm hm hjqujnmgj÷d prfvjsjfdmh m quc sc rcbjcrcd hfs mrtàguhfs =;9, brmggj÷d JJ y =7=, brmggj÷d JJ nc cstm Hcy, nc emkcrsc ncstjdmnf hm `crgmdgàm nc quc sc trmtc mh rêij`cd nc j`pfrtmgj÷d ncbjdjtjvm, sc nê mhiudf nc hfs sjiujcdtcs supucstfs? m. Hm f`jsj÷d cxgcnm nc $=>=,:=9.11  y nch =1% nc hfs j`pucstfs mh gf`crgjf cxtcrjfr, ncrcgefs y, cd su gmsf, guftms gf`pcdsmtfrjms gmusmnms. Jdgjsf rcbfr`mnf NFB 7=-=;-=::5 . Gmdtjnmn mgtumhjzmnm NFB 1=-17-;11; , ;5-1>-;117 ;5-1>-;117,, 1>-1>-;113 , =1-1>-;112 , 1:-13-;119 , 1:-13;115 , =;-13-;11: k. Cbcgtumr hfs trí`jtcs nch ncspmgef sjd ch pcr`jsf f sjd gfdtmr gfd hm

msjidmgj÷d nch gupf nc hms mutfrjnmncs gf`pctcdtcs, gumdnf sc rcqujcrmd, f sjd rcmhjzmr ch ncsgmrif tftmh f pmrgjmh sfkrc ch pcr`jsf f gupf mdtcs nc mgtjvmr ch `cgmdjs`f nc schcggj÷d mutf`mtjzmnf. Jdgjsf rcbfr`mnf NFB 7=-=;-=::5  g. Wc trmtc nc `crgmdgàms nc j`pfrtmgj÷d f cxpfrtmgj÷d prfejkjnm. 77. Gmrcgcr pfr tcrgcrm fgmsj÷d nc kjcdcs subjgjcdtcs pmrm gukrjr grênjtfs bjsgmhcs

quc emymd qucnmnf bjr`cs y quc pmrm su gfkrf sc emym sciujnf ch prfgcnj`jcdtf mn`jdjstrmtjvf nc cocgugj÷d cd hfs gjdgf mýfs mdtcrjfrcs.  M pmrtjr nc hm bcgem bcgem cd quc quc sc dftjbjquc dftjbjquc m hfs ghjcdtcs ghjcdtcs nc msudtfs msudtfs jdgfdghus jdgfdghusfs fs hm gmdgchmgj÷d nc hm pmtcdtc, sc jdtcrru`pjríd pfr trcjdtm nàms hfs phmzfs hcimhcs quc cstuvjcrcd gfrrjcdnf.

Mrtjguhf 3>. Ch micdtc mnumdmh scrí rcspfdsmkhc  nc hm vcrmgjnmn y cxmgtjtun nc hfs nmtfs c jdbfr`mgj÷d su`jdjstrmnfs, nc hm nctcr`jdmgj÷d nch rêij`cd mnumdcrf nc hms `crgmdgàms y nc su gfrrcgtm ghmsjbjgmgj÷d mrmdgchmrjm, msà gf`f nc msciurmrsc quc ch j`pfrtmnfr f cxpfrtmnfr gucdtm gfd hfs nfgu`cdtfs quc mgrcnjtcd ch gu`phj`jcdtf nc hms nc`ís fkhjimgjfdcs quc cd `mtcrjm nc rciuhmgjfdcs y rcstrjggjfdcs df mrmdgchmrjms rjomd pmrm njgems `crgmdgàms, nc gfdbfr`jnmn gfd hf prcvjstf pfr cstm Hcy y pfr hms nc`ís hcycs y njspfsjgjfdcs mphjgmkhcs. Qírrmbf rcbfr`mnf NFB 1=-1=-;11;  Ch micdtc mnumdmh df scrí rcspfdsmkhc cd hfs sjiujcdtcs gmsfs? 7>. Qfr ch pmif nc hms njbcrcdgjms nc gfdtrjkugjfdcs, guftms gf`pcdsmtfrjms, `uhtms

y rcgmrifs quc sc nctcr`jdcd, msà gf`f pfr ch jdgu`phj`jcdtf nc rciuhmgjfdcs y rcstrjggjfdcs df mrmdgchmrjms, sj êstfs prfvjcdcd nc hm jdcxmgtjtun f bmhscnmn nc

 

hfs nmtfs y nfgu`cdtfs quc ch gfdtrjkuycdtc hc eukjcrm prfpfrgjfdmnf mh gjtmnf micdtc mnumdmh, sjc`prc quc cstc ÿhtj`f df eukjcrm pfnjnf gfdfgcr njgem jdcxmgtjtun f bmhscnmn mh cxm`jdmr hms `crgmdgàms, pfr df scr mprcgjmkhc m hm vjstm y pfr rcqucrjr pmrm su jncdtjbjgmgj÷d nc mdíhjsjs quà`jgf, f nc mdíhjsjs nc hmkfrmtfrjf trmtídnfsc nc hms `crgmdgàms quc `cnjmdtc rcihms cstmkhczgm hm Wcgrctmràm. 73. Nc hms gfdtrjkugjfdcs y, cd su gmsf, guftms gf`pcdsmtfrjms f`jtjnms pfr hm

njbcrcdgjm. Cdtrc ch vmhfr ncghmrmnf y ch vmhfr cd mnumdm nctcr`jdmnf pfr hm mutfrjnmn, gumdnf sc nê mhiudf nc hfs sjiujcdtcs supucstfs? m. Gumdnf ch vmhfr ncghmrmnf cd ch pcnj`cdtf scm jdbcrjfr mh vmhfr nc trmdsmggj÷d nc `crgmdgàms jnêdtjgms f sj`jhmrcs nctcr`jdmnf gfdbfr`c m hfs mrtàguhfs 9; y 97 nc cstm Hcy, cd `cdfs nc >1%. k. Gumdnf hms `crgmdgàms sc cdgucdtrcd suoctms m prcgjfs cstj`mnfs pfr hm Wcgrctmràm, sjc`prc quc ch vmhfr ncghmrmnf scm jiumh f `myfr mh prcgjf cstj`mnf f sc emym ftfrimnf hm imrmdtàm m quc sc rcbjcrc ch mrtàguhf 52-M, brmggj÷d J, nc cstm Hcy. Brmggj÷d rcbfr`mnm NFB 7=-=;-=::5  72. Nc hms gfdtrjkugjfdcs f`jtjnms quc sc ncrjvcd nc hm mphjgmgj÷d nc ud mrmdgch prcbcrcdgjmh gumdnf nc gfdbfr`jnmn gfd mhiÿd trmtmnf f mgucrnf jdtcrdmgjfdmh nch quc @êxjgf scm pmrtc, sc rcqujcrm nc ud gcrtjbjgmnf nc frjicd pmrm ifzmr nc trmtf mrmdgchmrjf prcbcrcdgjmh, sjc`prc quc gfdscrvc gfpjm nch gcrtjbjgmnf nc frjicd quc m`pmrc hms `crgmdgàms y sc msciurc quc ch gcrtjbjgmnf sc cdgucdtrm cd ch bfr`mtf fbjgjmh mprfkmnf pmrm tmhcs cbcgtfs, quc em sjnf hhcdmnf cd su tftmhjnmn gfdbfr`c m su jdstrugtjvf y quc sc cdgucdtrm vjicdtc m hm bcgem nc hm j`pfrtmgj÷d. Brmggj÷d rcbfr`mnm NFB 1=-1=-;11;  79. Nc hms guftms gf`pcdsmtfrjms f`jtjnms gumdnf sc j`pfrtcd `crgmdgàms jnêdtjgms f sj`jhmrcs m mquchhms quc sc cdgucdtrcd suoctms m njgems guftms, sjc`prc quc gfdscrvc gfpjm nch gcrtjbjgmnf nc pmàs nc frjicd víhjnf, cxpcnjnf nc gfdbfr`jnmn gfd hms njspfsjgjfdcs mphjgmkhcs y gu`phm gfd hf quc cstmkhczgm ch [cihm`cdtf. Hms cxghuycdtcs nc rcspfdsmkjhjnmn scýmhmnms cd cstc mrtàguhf, df scríd mphjgmkhcs gumdnf ch micdtc mnumdmh utjhjgc ud [cijstrf Bcncrmh nc Gfdtrjkuycdtcs nc ud j`pfrtmnfr quc df hc eukjcrm cdgmrimnf ch ncspmgef nc hms `crgmdgàms.

Mpfncrmnf Mnumdmh. ^cdnrí ch gmrígtcr nc mpfncrmnf mnumdmh hm pcrsfdm bàsjgm ncsjidmnm pfr ftrm pcrsfdm bàsjgm f `frmh pmrm quc cd su df`krc y rcprcscdtmgj÷d sc cdgmriuc nch ncspmgef nc `crgmdgàms, sjc`prc quc fktcdim hm mutfrjzmgj÷d nc hm Wcgrctmràm. Ch mpfncrmnf mnumdmh prf`fvcrí ch ncspmgef mdtc udm sfhm mnumdm, cd rcprcscdtmgj÷d nc udm sfhm pcrsfdm, qujcd scrí jhj`jtmnm`cdtc rcspfdsmkhc pfr hfs mgtfs nc mquêh. Qmrm fktcdcr hm mutfrjzmgj÷d pmrm mgtumr gf`f mpfncrmnf mnumdmh sc rcqujcrc?

 

75. Df emkcr sjnf gfdncdmnf pfr scdtcdgjm cocgutfrjmnm pfr nchjtf nfhfsf, dj emkcr

subrjnf hm gmdgchmgj÷d nc su mutfrjzmgj÷d, cd gmsf nc emkcr sjnf mpfncrmnf mnumdmh. Brmggj÷d rcbfr`mnm NFB 71-=;-=::2  7:. ^cdcr rchmgj÷d hmkfrmh gfd ch pfncrnmdtc y quc ch `js`f hc ftfriuc pfncr dftmrjmh. >1. Ifzmr nc kucdm rcputmgj÷d pcrsfdmh. >=. Df scr scrvjnfr pÿkhjgf dj `jhjtmr cd scrvjgjf mgtjvf. >;. Df tcdcr pmrcdtcsgf pfr gfdsmdiujdjnmn cd hàdcm rcgtm sjd hj`jtmgj÷d nc irmnf y

gfhmtcrmh emstm ch gumrtf irmnf, dj pfr mbjdjnmn, gfd ch mn`jdjstrmnfr nc hm mnumdm nc mnsgrjpgj÷d. >7. Cxejkjr gfdstmdgjm nc su jdsgrjpgj÷d cd ch [cijstrf Bcncrmh nc Gfdtrjkuycdtcs. >>.  Mprfkmr ch cxm`cd cxm`cd nc gfdfgj`jcdtf gfdfgj`jcdtfs s quc prmgtjqucd prmgtjqucd hms mutfrjnmncs mutfrjnmncs mnumdcrm mnumdcrms s y ud cxm`cd psjgftêgdjgf. Cd ch gmsf nc c`prcsms pcrtcdcgjcdtcs m udm `js`m gfrpfrmgj÷d, pfnríd cd gumhqujcr `f`cdtf, hhcvmr m gmkf hm trmdsbcrcdgjm nc mutfrjzmgjfdcs nc sus mpfncrmnfs mnumdmhcs cdtrc hms c`prcsms nch prfpjf irupf, sjd quc scm dcgcsmrjf gu`phjr ducvm`cdtc gfd hf njspucstf cd cstm brmggj÷d. Brmggj÷d rcbfr`mnm NFB 71-=;-=::2 , 7=-=;-=::5  Qmrm hfs cbcgtfs nc hf njspucstf pfr ch mrtàguhf =9; nc cstm Hcy, mnc`ís nc hfs rcqujsjtfs scýmhmnfs mdtcrjfr`cdtc, sc rcqucrjrí tcdcr tàtuhf prfbcsjfdmh f su cqujvmhcdtc cd hfs têr`jdfs nc hm hcy nc hm `mtcrjm y gfdtmr gfd cxpcrjcdgjm cd `mtcrjm mnumdcrm, `myfr nc trcs mýfs. Ch j`pcnj`cdtf gfdsjstcdtc cd scr scrvjnfr pÿkhjgf df sc mphjgmrí gumdnf ch pfncrnmdtc scm udm cdtjnmn pÿkhjgm. Hm Bcncrmgj÷d, hms cdtjnmncs bcncrmtjvms y hfs `udjgjpjfs, msà gf`f hfs cstmnfs cxtrmdocrfs df cstmríd fkhjimnfs m ftfrimr pfncr dftmrjmh. Gumdnf tcr`jdc hm rchmgj÷d hmkfrmh gfd ch pfncrnmdtc f êstc rcvfquc ch pfncr dftmrjmh, ch pfncrnmdtc nckcrí sfhjgjtmr m hm Wcgrctmràm quc rcvfquc hm mutfrjzmgj÷d nch mpfncrmnf mnumdmh. Hm rcvfgmgj÷d nc hm mutfrjzmgj÷d surtjrí cbcgtfs m pmrtjr nc quc ch pfncrnmdtc hf sfhjgjtc m hm Wcgrctmràm. Budnm`cdtf? Mrtjguhf =25 Hcy Mnumdcrm.

Ncrcgefs y fkhjimgjfdcs nch Mpfncrmnf Mnumdmh y Micdtc Mnumdmh. Hfs Ncrcgefs? =) Cocrgcr hm pmtcdtc. ;) Gfdstjtujr sfgjcnmncs jdtcirmnms pfr `cxjgmdfs pmrm bmgjhjtmr hm prcstmgj÷d nc

sus scrvjgjfs. Hm sfgjcnmn y sus sfgjfs, smhvf hfs prfpjfs micdtcs mnumdmhcs, df mnqujrjríd ncrcgef mhiudf sfkrc hm pmtcdtc, dj njsbrutmríd nc hfs quc hm hcy gfdbjcrc m cstfs ÿhtj`fs. 7)

Wfhjgjtmr ch gm`kjf nc mnsgrjpgj÷d m mnumdm njstjdtm, sjc`prc quc tcdim nfs mýfs nc cocrgjgjf jdjdtcrru`pjnf y gfdghuym ch trí`jtc nc hfs ncspmgefs jdjgjmnfs.

 

>) Ncs Ncsjidm jidmrr emstm emstm trcs `mdnmtm `mdnmtmrjfs rjfs gumdnf gumdnf rcmhjgc rcmhjgc ud `íxj`f `íxj`f nc trcsgjcd trcsgjcdtms tms

fpcrmgjf fpcrm gjfdc dcs s mh `cs< `cs< sj cxgc cxgcnc nc nc cstc cstc dÿ`cr dÿ`crf f pfnrí pfnrí ncsji ncsjidm dmrr emstm emstm gjdgf gjdgf `mdnmtmrjfs. 3) Gfkrmr hfs efdfrmrjfs quc pmgtc gfd su ghjcdtc pfr hfs scrvjgjfs prcstmnfs, jdghusf cd ch gmsf m quc sc rcbjcrc ch sciudnf pírrmbf nc hm brmggj÷d UJR nch mrtàguhf =>> nc cstm Hcy. 2) Wu Wusp spcd cdnc ncrr

vf vfhu hudt dtmr mrjm jm`c `cdt dtc c su sus s mgtj mgtjvj vjnm nmnc ncs, s, prcv prcvjm jm mutf mutfrj rjzm zmgj gj÷d ÷d nc hms hms mutfrjnmncs mnumdcrms. 9) Ncsjidm Ncsjidmr, r, pfr ÿdjgm vcz, m udm pcrsfdm bàsjgm mdtc ch Wcrvjgjf nc Mn`jdjstrmgj÷d Mn`jdjstrmgj÷d ^rjkutmrjm, gf`f su micdtc mnumdmh mnsgrjtf, pmrm quc cd gmsf nc bmhhcgj`jcdtf, jdgmpmgj jdgm pmgjnmn nmn pcr`mdcd pcr`mdcdtc tc f rctjrf rctjrf vfhudtmr vfhudtmrjf, jf, êstc êstc hf sust sustjtuy jtuym, m, fktcdjcd fktcdjcdnf nf su pmtcdtc mnumdmh pmrm mgtumr mh m`pmrf nc hm `js`m cd hm mnumdm nc mnsgrjpgj÷d frjijdmh y cd hms trcs mnumdms mnjgjfdmhcs quc, cd su gmsf, hc eukjcrmd sjnf mutfrjzmnms cd hfs têr`jdfs nch mrtàguhf =2= nc cstm Hcy.

Ch micdtc mnumdmh mnsgrjtf cd hfs têr`jdfs nch pírrmbf mdtcrjfr, df pfnrí, m su vcz, ncsjidmr m ftrm pcrsfdm bàsjgm quc hf sustjtuym cd gmsf nc su bmhhcgj`jcdtf, jdgmpmgjnmn pcr`mdcdtc f rctjrf vfhudtmrjf. Cd cstc gmsf, ch Wcrvjgjf nc Mn`jdjstrmgj÷d ^rjkutmrjm tcdnrí hm bmguhtmn nc ncsjidmrhf, m sfhjgjtun cxprcsm. Hm ncsjidm ncsjidmgj÷d gj÷d y rcvfgmg rcvfgmgj÷d j÷d nc micdtc micdtc mnumdmh mnumdmh mnsgrjt mnsgrjtf, f, nckcrí nckcrí prcscdt prcscdtmrsc mrsc pfr  csgrjtf csgr jtf y scr rmtjbjgm rmtjbjgmnms nms pcrsfdmh`c pcrsfdmh`cdtc dtc pfr ch micdtc micdtc mnumdmh mnumdmh mdtc ch Wjstc`m Wjstc`m nc  Mn`jdjstrmgj÷d  Mn`jdjst rmgj÷d ^rjkutmrjm. ^rjkutmrjm. Qmrm quc prfgcnm hm ncsjidmgj÷d gf`f micdtc mnumdmh sustjtutf, hm pcrsfdm ncsjidmnm nckcrí nc gu`phjr gfd hfs rcqujsjtfs quc cxjic ch mrtàguhf =3: nc cstm Hcy.

Budnm`cdtf? Mrtjguhf =27 Hcy Mnumdcrm. Fkhjimgjfdcs. =) Cd hfs trí`jtcs f icstjfdcs mnumdmhcs, mgtumr sjc`prc gfd su gmrígtcr nc micdtc ;) mnumdmh. [cmhjzmr ch ncsgmrif tftmh f pmrgjmh cd ch `cnjf `midêtjgf, cd hfs gmsfs nc hms

`crgmdgàm `crgmd gàms s suoct suoctms ms m rciuh rciuhmg mgjfd jfdcs cs y rcstrj rcstrjgg ggjfd jfdcs cs df mrmdg mrmdgchm chmrjm rjms s guyf guyf gu`phj`jcdtf sc rcmhjgc `cnjmdtc njgef `cnjf, cd hfs têr`jdfs quc cstmkhczgm hm Wcgr Wc grct ctmr mràm àm nc Gf`c Gf`crg rgjf jf y Bf`c Bf`cdt dtf f Jdnu Jdnust strj rjmh mh,, y mdft mdftmr mr cd ch pcnj pcnj`c `cdt dtf f rcspcgtjvf hm bjr`m chcgtr÷djgm quc nc`ucstrc njgef ncsgmrif. 7) [cdnjr ch njgtm`cd têgdjgf gumdnf sc hf sfhjgjtc hm mutfrjnmn gf`pctcdtc. >) Gu`phjr ch cdgmrif quc sc hc eukjcrm gfdbcrjnf, pfr hf quc df pfnrí trmdsbcrjrhf dj cdnfsmr nfgu`cdtfs quc cstêd m su bmvfr f m su df`krc, sjd hm mutfrjzmgj÷d cxprcsm y pfr csgrjtf nc qujcd hf ftfri÷. 3)  Mkstcdcr  Mkstcdcrsc sc nc rctrjkujr rctrjkujr nc gumhqujcr gumhqujcr bfr`m, njrcgtm f jdnjrcgtm`c jdnjrcgtm`cdtc, dtc, m ud micdtc mnumdmh suspcdnjnf cd ch cocrgjgjf nc sus budgjfdcs f m mhiudm pcrsfdm `frmh cd quc êstc scm sfgjf f mggjfdjstm f cstê rchmgjfdmnf nc gumhqujcr ftrm bfr`m,

 

pfr hm trmdsbcrcdgjm nc ghjcdtcs quc hc emim ch micdtc mnumdmh suspcdnjnf< msà gf`f rcgjkjr pmifs njrcgtm f jdnjrcgtm`cdtc nc ud micdtc mnumdmh suspcdnjnf cd sus budgjfdcs f nc udm pcrsfdm `frmh cd hm quc êstc scm sfgjf f mggjfdjstm f rchmgjfdmnf nc gumhqujcr ftrm bfr`m, pfr rcmhjzmr trí`jtcs rchmgjfdmnfs gfd hm j`pfrtmgj÷d f cxpfrtmgj÷d nc `crgmdgàms prfpjcnmn nc pcrsfdms njstjdtms nch micdtc mnumdmh suspcdnjnf f nc hm pcrsfdm `frmh mhunjnm. 2) Df scrí mphjgmkhc hf njspucstf cd ch pírrmbf mdtcrjfr cd hfs gmsfs nc quc m`kfs

scmd sfgjfs nc udm c`prcsm ncnjgmnm m prcstmr scrvjgjfs nc gf`crgjf cxtcrjfr, gfd mdtcrjfrjnmn mdtcrjfrjnmn m hm bcgem cd hm quc sc cstmkhcgj÷ cstmkhcgj÷ hm fkhjimgj÷d fkhjimgj÷d m quc sc rcbjcrc njgef pírrmbf. 9) Nc Ncgh ghmr mrmr mr,, kmof kmof prft prftcs cstm tm nc ncgj ncgjrr vcrn vcrnmn mn,, ch df`k df`krc rc y nf`j nf`jgj gjhj hjf f bjsg bjsgmh mh nch nch ncstjdmtmrjf f nch rc`jtcdtc nc hms `crgmdgàms, hm ghmvc nch [cijstrf Bcncrmh nc Gfdtrjkuycdtcs nc mquêhhfs y ch prfpjf, hm dmturmhczm y gmrmgtcràstjgms nc hms `crgmdgàms y hfs nc`ís nmtfs rchmtjvfs m hm fpcrmgj÷d nc gf`crgjf cxtcrjfr cd quc jdtcrvcdim, cd hms bfr`ms fbjgjmhcs y nfgu`cdtfs cd quc sc rcqujcrmd f, cd su gmsf, cd ch sjstc`m `cgmdjzmnf. 5) Bfr`mr ud mrgejvf gfd hm gfpjm nc gmnm udf nc hfs pcnj`cdtfs trm`jtmnfs f irmkmr njgefs pcnj`cdtfs cd hfs `cnjfs `midêtjgfs quc mutfrjgc hm Wcgrctmràm y gfd hfs sjiujcdtcs nfgu`cdtfs? m. Gfpjm nc hm bmgturm gf`crgjmh. k. Ch gfdfgj`jcdtf nc c`kmrquc f iuàm mêrcm rcvmhjnmnfs, cd su gmsf. gf`pruckcd ch gu`phj`jcdtf gu`phj`jcdtf nc hms fkhjimgjfdcs cd g. Hfs nfgu`cdtfs quc gf`pruckcd `mtcrjm nc rciuhmgjfdcs y rcstrjggjfdcs df mrmdgchmrjms. n. Hm gf`pr gf`prfkm fkmgj gj÷d ÷d nc frjic frjicd d y nc hm prfgc prfgcnc ncdg dgjm jm nc hms `crgm `crgmdgà dgàms ms gumdnf gfrrcspfdnm. c. Hm `mdjbcstmgj÷d nc vmhfr m quc sc rcbjcrc ch mrtàguhf 3:, brmggj÷d JJJ nc cstm Hcy. b. Ch nfgu`cdtf cd quc gfdstc hm imrmdtàm m quc sc rcbjcrc ch jdgjsf c), brmggj÷d J nch mrtàguhf 72 nc cstm Hcy, gumdnf sc trmtc nc `crgmdgàms gfd prcgjf cstj`mnf cstmkhcgjnf pfr hm Wcgrctmràm.

i. Gfpjm nch nfgu`cdtf prcscdtmnf pfr ch j`pfrtmnfr m hm Mn`jdjstrmgj÷d

Icdcrmh Icdcr mh nc Mnum Mnumdm dms s quc quc gf`pr gf`pruc uckc kc ch cdgmr cdgmrif if quc quc sc hc eukjc eukjcrc rc gfdbcrjnf pmrm rcmhjzmr ch ncspmgef mnumdcrf nc hms `crgmdgàms. Cd hfs gmsfs m hfs quc sc rcbjcrc ch ÿhtj`f pírrmbf, nc hm brmggj÷d JJJ nch mrtàguhf 3: nc cstm Hcy, qucnm fkhjimnf m gfdscrvmr ÿdjgm`cdtc hfs rcijstrfs chcgtr÷d chcg tr÷djgfs jgfs quc mgrcnjt mgrcnjtcd cd ch gmrif gmrif gfdbcrjn gfdbcrjnf. f. Hfs nfgu`cd nfgu`cdtfs tfs mdtcs mdtcs scýmhmnfs nckcríd gfdscrvmrsc nurmdtc gjdgf mýfs cd hm fbjgjdm prjdgjpmh nc hm micdg micdgjm jm m njspfs njspfsjgj jgj÷d ÷d nc hms mutfr mutfrjnm jnmnc ncs s mnum mnumdc dcrms rms.. Nj Njgef gefs s nfgu`cdtfs pfnríd gfdscrvmrsc `jgrfbjh`mnfs f irmkmnfs cd gumhqujcr  ftrf `cnjf `midêtjgf quc mutfrjgc hm Wcgrctmràm. :) Qrcscdtmr hm imrmdtàm pfr gucdtm nc hfs j`pfrtmnfrcs nc hm pfsjkhc njbcrcdgjm nc gfdtrjkugjfdcs y sus mggcsfrjfs, cd hfs têr`jdfs prcvjstfs cd cstm Hcy, m quc

 

punjcrm punjcr m nmr huimr huimr pfr pfr ncghm ncghmrmr rmr cd ch pcnj` pcnj`cdt cdtf f ud vmhfr vmhfr jdbcrj jdbcrjfr fr mh prcg prcgjf jf cstj`mnf quc cstmkhczgm hm Wcgrctmràm pmrm `crgmdgàms quc scmd fkoctf nc sukvmhumgj÷d. =1) Mgcptmr hms vjsjtms quc frncdcd frncdcd hms mutfrjnmncs mutfrjnmncs mnumdcrms, pmrm gf`p gf`prfkmr rfkmr quc gu`phc sus fkhjimgjfdcs f pmrm jdvcstjimgjfdcs nctcr`jdmnms. ==) Wfhjgjtmr hm mutfrjzmgj÷d nc hms mutfrjnmncs mutfrjnmncs mnumdcrms pmrm pfncr suspcdncr sus mgtjvjnmncs, cd hfs gmsfs prcvjstfs cd cstm Hcy.

=;) @mdjbcstmr cd ch pcnj`cdtf f cd hm bmgturm, ch dÿ`crf nc gmdnmnf fbjgjmh utjhjzmnf

cd hfs vceàguhfs f `cnjfs nc trmdspfrtc quc gfdtcdimd hms `crgmdgàms guyf ncspmgef prf`ucvmd. =7) Qrcscdtmr mvjsf mh Wcrvjgjf nc Mn`jdjstrmgj÷d ^rjkutmrjm, ncdtrf nc hfs qujdgc nàms sjiujcdtcs m mquêh cd quc gfdstjtuym udm sfgjcnmn nc hms prcvjstms cd hm brmggj÷d JJ nch mrtàguhf =27 nc cstm Hcy.

Budnm`cdtf? Mrtjguhf =2; Hcy Mnumdcrm. [cqujsjtfs y fkhjimgjfdcs quc nckcrí tcdcr ch Njgtm`jdmnfr Mnumdcrf. Hm Wcgrctmràm ftfrimrí mutfrjzmgj÷d nc njgtm`jdmnfr mnumdcrf m hms pcrsfdms quc gu`phmd hfs sjiujcdtcs rcqujsjtfs? =) Wcr gjunmnmdf `cxjgmdf. ;) Df emkcr sjnf gfdncdmnf pfr scdtcdgjm cocgutfrjmnm pfr nchjtf jdtcdgjfdmh quc `crczgm pcdm gfrpfrmh. 7) Ifzmr nc kucdm rcputmgj÷d pcrsfdmh y scr nc rcgfdfgjnm prfkjnmn y efdrmncz. >) Df scr scr scrv scrvjnf jnfrr pÿkhj pÿkhjgf gf dj `jh `jhjtm jtmrr cd scrvj scrvjgj gjf f mgtjv mgtjvf, f, dj em emkcr kcr prcs prcstmn tmnf f sus sus scrvjgjfs cd hm Mn`jdjstrmgj÷d Icdcrmh nc Mnumdms. 3) Df tcdcr pmrcdtcsgf pmrcdtcsgf pfr gfdsmdiujdjnmn gfdsmdiujdjnmn cd hàdcm rcgtm sjd hj`jtmgj÷ hj`jtmgj÷d d nc irmnf, y cd gfhmtcrmh emstm ch gumrtf irmnf, dj pfr mbjdjnmn gfd ch mn`jdjstrmnfr mn`jdjstrmnfr nc hm mnumdm nfdnc prcstc sus scrvjgjfs. 3)Qrcsc 3)Qr cscdtm dtmrr y mprfkmr mprfkmr ch cxm`cd cxm`cd psjgftêg psjgftêgdjg djgf f quc prmgtjqu prmgtjqucd cd hms mutfrjn mutfrjnmncs mncs mnumdcrms. Hm mutfrjzmgj÷d mdtcs `cdgjfdmnm tcdnrí vjicdgjm pfr ud mýf. Ch jdgu`phj`jcdtf nc gumhqujcrm nc hfs rcqujsjtfs scýmhmnfs cd hms brmggjfdcs mdtcrjfrcs scrí scrí gmus gmusm m nc gmdgc gmdgchmg hmgj÷ j÷d d nc hm mutfr mutfrjzm jzmgj÷ gj÷d d pmrm pmrm cocrg cocrgcr cr gf`f gf`f njgtm` njgtm`jdm jdmnfr  nfr  mnumdcrf.

Budnm`cdtf? Mrtjguhf =9> Hcy Mnumdcrm Fkhjimgjfdcs.

 

Njgefs njgtm`jdmnfrcs scríd rcspfdsmkhcs nc hms jrrciuhmrjnmncs quc gf`ctmd cd ch njgtm` njg tm`cd cd quc quc chmkfr chmkfrcd cd gfd gfd `ftjv `ftjvf f nch nch sciud sciudnf nf rcgf rcgfdfg dfgj`j j`jcd cdtf tf rcspcg rcspcgtf tf nc hfs gfdgcptfs m quc sc rcbjcrcd hms brmggjfdcs J, Jh y JJJ nch mrtàguhf >> nc cstm Hcy, y sc hcs mphjg mp hjgmr mrí í udm udm smdg smdgj÷d j÷d cqujv cqujvmh mhcdt cdtc c nc 711% 711% m >11% >11% nc hms hms gfdtr gfdtrjku jkugjf gjfdcs dcs quc quc sc ncomrfd nc gukrjr pfr hms jrrciuhmrjnmncs nctcgtmnms pfr hms mutfrjnmncs mnumdcrms. Gumdnf m ud njgtm`jdmnfr sc hc emym j`pucstf cd trcs fgmsjfdcs hm smdgj÷d m quc sc rcbjcrc ch pírrmbf mdtcrjfr, sc gmdgchmrí su mutfrjzmgj÷d pmrm mgtumr gf`f njgtm`jdmnfr. Cd ch gmsf cd quc sc mphjquc udm smdgj÷d gf`f gfdscgucdgjm nc udm jrrciuhmrjnmn guym rcspfdsmkjhjnmn scm cxghusjvm nch njgtm`jdmnfr mnumdcrf, df sc bjdgmrí djdiudm rcspfdsmkjhjnmn mnjgjfdmh dj sc j`pfdnrí smdgj÷d mhiudm m hm c`prcsm pmrm hm gumh prcstc sus scrvjgjfs njgef njgtm`jdmnfr.

Budnm`cdtf? Mrtjguhf =93 Hcy Mnumdcrm >. Fkhjimgj÷d trjkutmrjm mnumdcrm (Jncdtjbjquc hfs prcsupucstfs nc ecgef y ch ecgef icdcrmnfr quc nmd huimr m hm rchmgj÷d ourànjgm mnumdcrm. Cxphjgmr gf`f sc chmkfrm hm nctcr`jdmgj÷d pmrm ch gu`phj`jcdtf nc hm fkhjimgj÷d trjkutmrjm mnumdcrm, m pmrtjr nch dmgj`jcdtf nc njgem fkhjimgj÷d.

Qrcsupucstfs nc ecgef y ecgef icdcrmnfs nc hm fkhjimgj÷d. ch ecgef gfdgrctf, `mtcrjmh, quc sc rcmhjzm cd hm vjnm rcmh, y quc cs ch quc, gumdnf sc rcmhjzm rcudjcdnf hfs chc`cdtfs gfdtcdjnfs cd hm ejp÷tcsjs, cs ncgjr, mncguídnfsc ch prcsupucstf, icdcrm ch grênjtf trjkutmrjf", m njbcrcdgjm nch ecgef j`pfdjkhc, ch gumh cs udm gfdstruggj÷d ejpftêtjgm quc s÷hf gucdtm gfd udm cxjstcdgjm jncmh cd hm dfr`m trjkutmrjm. Nc gfdbfr`jnmn gfd ch mrtjguhf 7=, brmggj÷d UJJ, nc hm Hcy Friídjgm, m hm WEGQ hc gfrrcspfdnc njrjijr hfs scrvjgjfs mnumdmhcs y nc jdspcggj÷d, msà gf`f hm pfhjgjm bjsgmh nc hm Bcncrmgj÷d. [mtjbjgmd hf mdtcrjfr hfs mrtjguhfs mrtjguhfs =>> nc hm Hcy Mnumdcrm. Hm Wcgrctmràm nc Jdircsfs, kmof hm jdbhucdgjm nc gfdtc`phmr hfs j`pucstfs mh gf`crgjf cxtcrjfr gf`f ud mtrjkutf `ís quc jdtcirm hm pfhjtjgm nc jdircsfs ihfkmh nch pmàs, hm Wcgrctmràm nc jdircsfs cs hm gf`pctcdtc pmrm gfdfgcr y rcsfhvcr cd icdcrmh, tfnms hms gfdtrfvcrsjms quc sc susgjtcd cd `mtcrjm mnumdcrm y nc gf`crgjf cxtcrjfr.

Nctcr`jdmgj÷d pmrm ch gu`phj`jcdtf nc hm fkhjimgj÷d trjkutmrjm mnumdcrm m pmrtjr nch dmgj`jcdtf nc hm fkhjimgj÷d. H ms fkhj fkhjim imgj gjfd fdcs cs mnum mnumdc dcrm rms s sfd ch vàdg vàdguh uhf f ourà ourànj njgf gf quc quc sc bfr` bfr`m m cdtrc dtrc hm mn`jdjstrmgj÷d mnumdcrm y gumhqujcr pcrsfdm rchmgjfdmnm njrcgtm f jdnjrcgtm`cdtc gfd gumhquj gum hqujcr cr rêij`cd rêij`cd,, bfr`mhjn bfr`mhjnmn, mn, ncstjdf, ncstjdf, trí`jtc trí`jtc u fpcrmgj fpcrmgj÷d ÷d mnumdc mnumdcrm, rm, ncrjvmn ncrjvmnf f nch mgmtm`jcdtf nc hfs gf`prf`jsfs mbjdcs m gmnm udm nc cstms. Msà `js`f, sc cdtjcdnc gf`f fkhjimgj÷d mnumdcrm mh gu`phj`jcdtf nc hms bfr`mhjnmncs prcvjms quc nckcd scr  rcmhjzmnms pfr hfs mgtfrcs j`phjgmnfs cd ch prfgcsf y tfnf ch cspcgtrf nc mggjfdcs

 

gfdcgtmnms gfd cstm mgtjvjnmn, tmhcs gf`f hm cdtrcim, njspfsjgj÷d y c`kmrquc nc hms `crgmdgàms quc sc prctcdncd j`pfrtmr f cxpfrtmr. Nc df gu`phjrsc gfd cstms fkhjimgjfdcs, hfs suoctfs pmsjvfs qujcdcs sc gfdsjncrmd jdbrjdijcdnf hm hcy, pucncd scr fkoctf nc smdgjfdcs cdtrc ch ncgf`jsf nc hm `crgmdgàm mh gfdsjncrmrsc gfdtrmkmdnf, ch gjcrrc nch cstmkhcgj`jcdtf f hm j`pfsjgj÷d nc mggjfdcs pcdmhcs ncpcdnjcdnf nc hm irmvcnmn nch gmsf y hm jdgjncdgjm. Qmrm gmhguhmr ch j`pucstf icdcrmh nc cxpfrtmgj÷d sc nctcr`jdmrí ch pfrgcdtmoc quc nch pcsf y vmhfr vmhfr nch prfnugtf prfnugtf tcr`jdmn tcr`jdmnf f gfrrcsp gfrrcspfdnm fdnm m hms gjtmnms gjtmnms `mtcrjm `mtcrjms s prj`ms prj`ms f `crgmdgàms quc sc hc eukjcrcd jdgfrpfrmnf. Gumdnf df sc hhcvc m gmkf hm trmdsbfr`mgj÷d, chmkfrmgj÷d f rcpmrmgj÷d prfycgtmnm nc hms `crgmdgàms j`pfrtmnms j`pfrtmnms tc`pfrmh`cdtc, tc`pfrmh`cdtc, sc pcr`jtjrí ch rctfrdf nc hms `js`ms sjd ch pmif nch j`pucstf icdcrmh nc j`pfrtmgj÷d, sjc`prc y gumdnf hms `mqujhmnfrms, msà gf`f hms c`prcsms gfd prfirm`ms nc cxpfrtmgj÷d mutfrjzmnfs pfr hm Wcgrctmràm nc Gf`crgjf y Bf`cdtf Jdnustrjmh gf`pruckcd hfs `ftjvfs quc emd nmnf huimr mh rctfrdf nc hms `crgmdgàms cd hfs gmsfs cd quc hm mutfrjnmn msà hf rcqujcrm.

3. Hms Ctmpms nc hm mgtjvjnmn Mnumdcrm (Cxphjquc y njstjdim cdtrc ud rcgjdtf bjsgmh f bjsgmhjzmnf y ch rcgjdtf mnumdcrf< cxphjgmr cd quê gfdsjstc ch ncp÷sjtf cd hm mnumdm mnu mdm rcspcg rcspcgtf tf nc hms `crg `crgmdgà mdgàms< ms< jncdtj jncdtjbjgm bjgmrr cd quê gfd gfdsjst sjstc c ch gfd gfdtrfh trfh nc vjijhmdgjm nch trmdspfrtc nc `crgmdgàms, y ch ncspmgef mnumdcrf). [cgjdtf Bjsgmh f Bjsgmhjzmnf. Ch [cgjdtf Bjsgmhjzmnf sc rcbjcrc m ud huimr mn`jdjstrmnf pfr pmrtjguhmrcs n÷dnc ch Wcrvjgjf nc Mn`jdjstrmgj÷d ^rjkutmrjm ftfrim gfdgcsj÷d pmrm quc hfs pmrtjguhmrcs prcstcd hfs scrvjgjfs nc `mdcof, mh`mgcdmoc y gustfnjm nc `crgmdgàms, cd jd`uckhcs ukjgmnfs ncdtrf nc hfs rcgjdtfs bjsgmhcs, cd guyf gmsf sc ncdf`jdmríd rcgjdtfs bjsgmhjzmnfs gfdgcsjfdmnfs. Hm gfdgcsj÷d sc ftfrimrí `cnjmdtc hjgjtmgj÷d gfdbfr`c m hf cstmkhcgjnf cd ch [cihm`cdtf c jdghujrí ch usf, ifgc f mprfvcgem`jcdtf nch jd`uckhc nfdnc sc prcstmríd hfs scrvjgjfs. Hfs rcgjdtfs bjsgmhcs sfd mquchhfs huimrcs cd nfdnc hms mutfrjnmncs mnumdcrms rcmhjzmd jdnjstjdtm`cdtc hms budgjfdcs nc `mdcof, mh`mgcdmoc, gustfnjm, gmrim y ncsgmrim nc hms `crgmdgàms nc gf`crgjf cxtcrjfr, bjsgmhjzmgj÷d, msà gf`f ch ncspmgef mnumdcrf nc hms `js`ms. hm bjdmhjnmn nc m`kfs cs hm `js`m, `mdcof, mh`mgcdmoc, mh`mgcdmoc, gustfnjm, gmrim y ncsgmri ncsgmrim m nc hms `crgmdgàms nc gf`crgjf cxtcrjfr, njim`fs pucs quc gumdnf ch `mdcof nc hms `crgmdgàms gumdnf cs `àdj`f hm prfpjm mutfrjnmn rcmhjzm cstms budgjfdcs, gumdnf ch vfhu`cd nc hms `crgmdgàms cs `myfr ch WM^ hjgjtm pmrm quc df scm ch prfpjf Ifkjcrdf Bcncrmh qujcd tcdim quc rcmhjzmr hm jdvcrsj÷d nc gmpjtmh pmrm rcmhjzmr hms budgjfdcs mdtcs `cdgjfdmnms.

 

[cgjdtf Mnumdcrf. Cs hm pmrtc nch tcrrjtfrjf mnumdcrf dmgjfdmh, nfdnc cstíd ukjgmnfs hfs hfgmhcs y prcnjfs ncstj nc stjdm dmnf nfs s mh scrv scrvjgj jgjf f nc hms fbjgj fbjgjdms dms nc Mnumd Mnumdm m y sus sus ncpc ncpcdn dncdg cdgjms jms (`uchh (`uchhcs cs,, ncp÷ nc p÷sj sjtf tfs, s, gm gm`p `pfs fs nc mtcr mtcrrj rjzm zmoc oc,, ctg. ctg.)) ncdt ncdtrf rf nc guyf guyfs s hà`j hà`jtc tcs s sc rcmh rcmhjz jzmd md hms hms fpcrmgjf fpcr mgjfdcs dcs mnumdc mnumdcrms. rms. Cd csc í`kjtf, í`kjtf, hm Njrc Njrcggj÷ ggj÷d d Dmgjfdm Dmgjfdmhh nc Mnumdms Mnumdms tcdnrí gf`pctcdgjm cxghusjvm, gfd rchmgj÷d m hm njspfdjkjhjnmn nc hms `crgmncràms.

Ncp÷sjtf nc hm Mnumdm rcspcgtf nc hms `crgmdgàms. Hms `crgm Hms `crgmdg dgàms àms qucnm qucnmrí ríd d cd ncp÷ ncp÷sjt sjtf f mdt mdtc c hm mnumd mnumdm m cd hfs rcgjd rcgjdtf tfs s bjsgm bjsgmhcs hcs f bjsgmhjzmnfs ncstjdmnfs m cstc fkoctf, gfd ch prfp÷sjtf nc ncstjdmrhms m ud rêij`cd mnumdcrf, mnumdcr f, sjc`prc quc sc trmtc nc mnumdms nc tríbjgf `mràtj`f f mêrcf. Hm Wcgrctmràm, `cnjmdtc rcihms, pfnrí mutfrjzmr su ncp÷sjtf mdtc hm mnumdm cd mnumdms nc tríbjgf tcrrcstrc. Hms `crgmdgàms cxphfsjvms, jdbhm`mkhcs, gfrrfsjvms, gfdtm`jdmdtcs f rmnjmgtjvms s÷hf pfnríd ncsgmrimrsc f qucnmr cd ncp÷sjtf mdtc hm mnumdm m su jdircsf mh tcrrjtfrjf dm dmgjf gjfdm dmhh f pmrm pmrm cxtrm cxtrmcrs crsc c nch nch `js`f `js`f,, sjc`pr sjc`prc c quc sc gu`phm gu`phm gfd gfd hfs sjiuj sjiujcd cdtcs tcs rcqujsjtfs? =. ]u ]uc c

hms hms `crg `crgmd mdgà gàms ms gucd gucdtc tcd d gfd gfd hm mutf mutfrj rjzm zmgj gj÷d ÷d nc hms hms mutf mutfrj rjnm nmnc ncs s gf`pctcdtcs. ;. ]uc ch rcgjdtf rcgjdtf gucdtc gfd huimrcs huimrcs mprfpjmnfs mprfpjmnfs pmrm su mh`mgcd mh`mgcdmoc, moc, pfr sus gfdnjgjfdcs nc sciurjnmn. ^rmtídnfsc nc `crgmdgàms rmnjmgtjvms y cxphfsjvms quc qucncd cd ncp÷sjtf mdtc hm mnumdm cd rcgjdtfs bjsgmhcs, hms mutfrjnmncs mnumdcrms hms cdtrcimríd nc jd`cnjmtf m hms mutfr mutfrjnm jnmnc ncs s y frim frimdjs djs`fs `fs gf`pc gf`pctcd tcdtcs tcs cd hm `mtcr `mtcrjm, jm, kmof kmof guym guym gustf gustfnjm njm y supcrvjsj÷d qucnmríd mh`mgcdmnms, sjcdnf rcspfdsmkhc mdtc mquchhms, cd hfs têr`jdfs nch mrtàguhf ;2 nc cstm Hcy.

Budnm`cdtf? Mrtjguhf ;7 Hcy Mnumdcrm. Hfs pmsmocrfs jdtcrdmgjfdmhcs cd trídsjtf quc jdircscd m tcrrjtfrjf dmgjfdmh pfr vàm mêrcm f tcrrcstrc, pfnríd ncomr sus `crgmdgàms cd ncp÷sjtf mdtc hm mnumdm, mud y gumdnf df sc vmymd m ncstjdmr m ud rêij`cd mnumdcrf.

Budnm`cdtf? Mrtjguhf ;> Hcy Mnumdcrm. Hms `crgmdgàms quc sc cdgucdtrcd cd ncp÷sjtf mdtc hm mnumdm pfnríd scr `ftjvf nc mgtfs nc gfdscrvmgj÷d, cxm`cd y tf`m nc `ucstrms, sjc`prc quc df sc mhtcrc f `fnjbjquc su dmturmhczm f hms kmscs irmvmkhcs pmrm bjdcs mnumdcrfs. Hm mutfrjnmn mnumdcrm pfnrí mutfrjzmr hm tf`m nc `ucstrms, gmsf cd ch gumh sc pmimríd hms gfdtrjkugjfdcs y guftms gf`pcdsmtfrjms quc m chhms gfrrcspfdnmd.  Msj`js`f, trmtídnfsc trmtídnfsc nc hms hms `crgmdgàms `crgmdgàms m quc quc sc rcbjcrc rcbjcrc cstc mrtàguhf sc pfnríd pfnríd

 

prcstmr hfs scrvjgjfs nc mh`mgcdmoc, mdíhjsjs nc hmkfrmtfrjf, vjijhmdgjm, ctjquctmnf, `mrgmnf y gfhfgmgj÷d nc hcycdnms nc jdbfr`mgj÷d gf`crgjmh. Qmrm cstfs cbcgtfs, hms mutfrjnmncs mnumdcrms tf`mríd hms `cnjnms dcgcsmrjms pmrm hm smhvmiumrnm y prftcggj÷d nch jdtcrês bjsgmh y nc hms prfpjms `crgmdgàms.

Budnm`cdtf? Mrtjguhf ;3 Hcy Mnumdcrm. Gfdtrfh nc vjijhmdgjm nch trmdspfrtc nc `crgmdgàms y ch ncspmgef mnumdcrf. =. Ch ocbc nc phmtmbfr`m jdbfr`m sfkrc hm prcsudtm jrrciuhmrjnmn cd hm `crgmdgàm nch `cnjf nc trmdspfrtc c jdbfr`m mh supcrvjsfr nc `÷nuhfs sfkrc hm `js`m. ;. Ch supc supcrvj rvjsf sfrr nc `÷nu `÷nuhfs hfs dftjb dftjbjgm jgm sfkr sfkrc c hm prcsu prcsudt dtm m jrrciu jrrciuhmr hmrjnm jnmn n mh írcm írcm nc phmtmbfr`m pmrm quc mphjqucd hm FR@^. 7. Ch supcrvjsfr nc `÷nuhfs prfpfrgjfdm hfs nmtfs nch vceàguhf y hm gmom mh ocbc nc phmtmbfr`m f vcrjbjgmnfr pmrm quc pucnmd jncdtjbjgmr ch `cnjf nc trmdspfrtc. >. Ch supcrvjsfr nc `÷nuhfs mvjsm mh fpcrmnfr nc `÷nuhfs pmrm quc nc smhjnm mh `cnjf nc trmdspfrtc y hc pucnmd mphjgmr hm FR@^. 3. Ch vcrjbjgmnfr gfd mpfyf nc ud FGC `mrgm ch mhtf mh fpcrmnfr nc trmdspfrtc y hc jdnjgm quc sc nctcdim. 2. Ch vcrjbjgmnfr vcrjbjgmnfr sfhjgjtm mh fpcrmnfr fpcrmnfr nc trmdspfrtc trmdspfrtc hfs nfgu`cdtfs nfgu`cdtfs nc hm `crgmdgàm, msà gf`f nch vceàguhf. 9. Ch vcrjbjgmnfr jdnjgm mh fpcrmnfr nc trmdspfrtc quc sc mphjgmrí udm FR@^, cdtrcim udm gfpjm y hc pjnc quc hc mgusc udm gfpjm nc hm `js`m. 5. Ch vcrjbjgmnfr msjcdtm hfs nmtfs nch fpcrmnfr nch trmdspfrtc y vceàguhf cd hm FR@^, msà `js`f hc dftjbjgm ch mgtm nc trmshmnf. Ch ^rmdspfrtjstm phms`m hm hcycdnm cd ch mgusc nc hm FR@^? Qrcvjm jncdtjbjgmgj÷d jncdtjbjgmgj÷d nch pcrsfdmh pcrsfdmh fbjgjmh mgtumdtc hm hcgturm nc hm prcscdtc frncd frn cd cd fr frjij jijdm dmhh nc hm `js`m `js`m,, msà msà gf`f gf`f udm udm gfpjm gfpjm nc hm gmrtm gmrtm nc ncrcge ncrcgefs fs nch nch gfdtrjkuycdtc gfdstmdgjm nc jncdtjbjgmgj÷d pcrsfdmh (dÿ`crf nc imbctc fbjgjmh), df`krcy nch trmdspfrtjstm, bjr`m y bcgem,nch y rcgjkc mgtmdÿ`crf nc trmshmnf. :. Ch vcrjbjgmnfr dftjbjgm mh supcrvjsfr nc `÷nuhfs pmrm quc nc jdircsf y mpcrturm hm csghusm pfr cxgcpgj÷d. =1. Ch vcrjbjgmnfr jdnjgm mh fpcrmnfr nc trmdspfrtc ch huimr nfdnc pfsjgjfdmrm ch `cnjf nc trmdspfrtc. ==. Ch fpcr ==. fpcrmnf mnfrr nc trmdsp trmdspfrt frtc c pfsjg pfsjgjf jfdm dm ch `cnjf `cnjf nc trmds trmdspf pfrtc rtc cd hm phmtmb phmtmbfr` fr`m m scýmhmnm pfr ch vcrjbjgmnfr. =;. Ch vcrjbjgmnfr rcvjsm schhfs bjsgmhcs bjsgmhcs cd gmsf nc quc trmjim y mkrc ch gfdtcdcnfr gfdtcdcnfr pmrm ncsgmrimr hm `crgmdgàm. =7. Ch vcrjbjgmnfr rcmhjzm hm rcvjsj÷d nfgu`cdtmh.

 

=>. Ch vcrjbjgmnfr rcmhjzm hm rcvjsj÷d bàsjgm nc hm `crgmdgàm cd prcscdgjm nch fpcrmnfr nc trmdspfrtc y trm`jtmnfr. =3. Cd gmsf =3. gmsf nc nctcg nctcgtmr tmrsc sc udm jrrci jrrciuhm uhmrjn rjnmn mn cd hm `crgm `crgmdgà dgàm m sciujr sciujrí í ch prfgc prfgcsf sf mphjgmgj mphj gmgj÷d ÷d nc frncd frncd nc vcrjbjgm vcrjbjgmgj÷ gj÷d d nc `crgmdg `crgmdgàms àms cd trmdspfr trmdspfrtc tc cd ncspmge ncspmgef f nc pmsmocrfs cd mnumdm nc brfdtcrjzm, nc hf gfdtrmrjf gfdtjdÿm mh pudtf =2. =2. Ch vcrjbjgmnfr rcmhjzm ud pmrtc jdbfr`mtjvf `mdjbcstmdnf quc df cxjstc jrrciuhmrjnmn. =9.. Ch vcrjb =9 vcrjbjgm jgmnf nfrr rcmhj rcmhjzm zm mg mgucr ucrnf nf nc smhjn smhjnm m cdtrc cdtrcimd imdnf nf ud oucif oucif mh fpcrm fpcrmnf nfrr nc trmdspfrtc, ftrf mh supcrvjsfr y ch mgusc nc su cxpcnjcdtc. =5. Ch vcrjbjgmnfr cdtrcim gfpjm nc mgucrnf nc smhjnm mh supcrvjsfr nc `÷nuhfs pmrm quc nc smhjnm mh `cnjf nc trmdspfrtc. =:. Ch vcrjbjgmnfr dftjbjgm mh fpcrmnfr nc trmdspfrtc ch pmrtc jdbfr`mtjvf, cdtrciídnfhc udm gfpjm nch mgucrnf nc smhjnm. ;1. Ch supcrvjsfr nc `÷nuhfs mpcrturm hm csghusm pfr cxgcpgj÷d (cdtrmnm y smhjnm nch `cnjf nc trmdspfrtc), y ch fpcrmnfr nc trmdspfrtc mkmdnfdm ch rcgjdtf bjsgmh. Gfdghuyc prfgcsf. Ch rêij`cd nc trídsjtf gfdsjstc cd ch trmshmnf nc `crgmdgàms, kmof gfdtrfh bjsgmh, nc udm mnumdm dmgjfdmh m ftrm. Wc gfdsjncrmrí quc ch trídsjtf nc `crgmdgàms cs jdtcrdf gumdnf sc rcmhjgc gfdbfr`c m mhiudf nc hfs sjiujcdtcs supucstfs? =) Hm mnumdm nc cdtrmnm cdvàc hms `crgmdgàms nc prfgcncdgjm cxtrmdocrm m hm mnumdm quc sc cdgmrimrí nch ncspmgef pmrm su j`pfrtmgj÷d. ;) Hm mnumdm nc ncspmgef cdvàc hms `crgmdgàms dmgjfdmhcs f dmgjfdmhjzmnms m hm mnumdm nc smhjnm, pmrm su cxpfrtmgj÷d. 7)Hm 7)H m mnumdm mnumdm nc ncspmg ncspmgef ef cdvàc cdvàc hms hms `crgm `crgmdgà dgàms ms j`pfrt j`pfrtmnm mnms s tc`pf tc`pfrmh rmh`cd `cdtc tc cd prfirm`ms nc `mqujhm f nc cxpfrtmgj÷d m hm mnumdm nc smhjnm, pmrm su rctfrdf mh cxtrmdocrf. Ch trídsjtf jdtcrdf pmrm hm j`pfrtmgj÷d nc kjcdcs nc gfdsu`f bjdmh s÷hf prfgcncrí cd hfs têr`jdfs y gfd hms gfdnjgjfdcs quc scýmhc ch [cihm`cdtf. Ch rêij`cd nc trídsjtf jdtcrdf sc prf`fvcrí pfr gfdnugtf nc micdtc f mpfncrmnf mnumdmh. ^rmtídnfsc nch trídsjtf jdtcrdf m hm cxpfrtmgj÷d sc nckcrí bfr`uhmr ch pcnj`cdtf nc cxpfrtmgj÷d, cbcgtumr ch pmif nc hms gfdtrjkugjfdcs gfrrcspfdnjcdtcs y gu`phjr gfd hms rciuhmgjfdcs y rcstrjggjfdcs df mrmdgchmrjms mphjgmkhcs mh rêij`cd nc cxpfrtmgj÷d, cd hm mnumdm nc ncspmgef.

 

Qmrm rcmhjzmr ch trídsjtf jdtcrdf m hm j`pfrtmgj÷d sc nckcrí gu`phjr gfd hfs sjiujcdtcs rcqujsjtfs? =. Bfr`uhmr ch pcnj`cdtf nc trídsjtf jdtcrdf. ;. Nctc Nctcr`jd r`jdmr mr prfvjsjf prfvjsjfdmh` dmh`cdtc cdtc hms gfdtrjk gfdtrjkugjf ugjfdcs, dcs, mphjgmd mphjgmdnf nf hm tmsm `íxj`m `íxj`m

scýmhmnm cd hm tmrjbm nc hm Hcy nch J`pucstf Icdcrmh nc J`pfrtmgj÷d y hm quc gfrrcspfdnm trmtídnfsc nc hms nc`ís gfdtrjkugjfdcs quc sc gmuscd, msà gf`f hms guftms gf`pcdsmtfrjms. 7.  Mdcxmr mh pcnj`cdtf pcnj`cdtf hm nfgu`cdtmgj÷d nfgu`cdtmgj÷d quc mgrcnjtc ch gu`phj`jcdtf gu`phj`jcdtf nc rc rciu iuhm hmgj gjfd fdcs cs y rcst rcstrj rjgg ggjf jfdc dcs s df mrmd mrmdgc gchm hmrj rjms ms,, mphj mphjgm gmkh khcs cs mh rêij rêij`c `cd d nc j`pfrtmgj÷d y, cd su gmsf, ch nfgu`cdtf cd ch quc gfdstc ch ncp÷sjtf cbcgtumnf cd hm gucdtm mnumdcrm nc imrmdtàm m quc sc rcbjcrc ch mrtàguhf 5>-M nc cstm Hcy, cxgcptf cd hfs gmsfs quc cstmkhczgm hm Wcgrctmràm `cnjmdtc rcihms. ^rmtídnfsc nc rciuhmgjfdcs y rcstrjggjfdcs df mrmdgchmrjms guyf gu`phj`jcdtf sc nc`ucstrc m trmvês nc `cnjfs chcgtr÷djgfs, df sc rcqucrjrí j`prj`jr hm bjr`m chcgtr÷djgm quc nc`ucstrc su ncsgmrif tftmh f pmrgjmh cd ch pcnj`cdtf nc trídsjtf jdtcrdf. >. Qmimr hms gfdtrjkugjfdcs mgtumhjzmnms ncsnc hm cdtrmnm nc hms `crgmdgàms mh pmàs y emstm quc sc cbcgtÿc njgef pmif, msà gf`f hms guftms gf`pcdsmtfrjms, mdtcs nc mgtjvmr ch `cgmdjs`f nc schcggj÷d mutf`mtjzmnf cd hm mnumdm nc ncspmgef. 3. Cbcgtumr ch trmshmnf nc hms `crgmdgàms utjhjzmdnf hfs scrvjgjfs nc hms c`prcsms jdsgrjtms cd ch rcijstrf nc c`prcsms trmdspfrtjstms m quc sc rcbjcrc ch mrtàguhf =91 nch [cihm`cdtf. Ch trídsjtf jdtcrdf pmrm ch rctfrdf nc `crgmdgàms j`pfrtmnms tc`pfrmh`cdtc cd prfirm`ms nc `mqujhm f nc cxpfrtmgj÷d, sc cbcgtumrí nc gfdbfr`jnmn gfd ch prfgcnj`jcdtf quc cstmkhczgm hm Wcgrctmràm `cnjmdtc rcihms. Ch trídsjtf jdtcrdf nc `crgmdgàms nckcrí cbcgtumrsc ncdtrf nc hfs phmzfs `íxj`fs nc trmshmnf quc cstmkhczgm hm Wcgrctmràm `cnjmdtc rcihms. Wj hms `crgmdgàms cd trídsjtf jdtcrdf m hm j`pfrtmgj÷d df mrrjkmd m hm mnumdm nc ncspmgef cd ch phmzf scýmhmnf, hm nctcr`jdmgj÷d prfvjsjfdmh nc gfdtrjkugjfdcs y guftms gf`pcdsmtfrjms sc gfdsjncrmrí gf`f ncbjdjtjvm. Wj hms `crgmdgàms cd trídsjtf jdtcrdf pmrm su cxpfrtmgj÷d f rctfrdf mh cxtrmdocrf df mrrjkmd m hm mnumdm nc smhjnm cd ch phmzf scýmhmnf, df sc gfdsjncrmríd cxpfrtmnms f rctfrdmnms y sc nckcríd rcjdtcirmr hfs kcdcbjgjfs bjsgmhcs quc sc eukjcrmd fktcdjnf gfd `ftjvf nc hm cxpfrtmgj÷d. Gumdnf pfr  rmzfdcs nc gmsf bfrtujtf f bucrzm `myfr hms `crgmdgàms df pucnmd mrrjkmr cd hfs phmzfs m quc sc rcbjcrc ch pírrmbf mdtcrjfr, ch micdtc f mpfncrmnf mnumdmh f ch trmdspfrtjstm, nckcrí prcscdtmr mvjsf pfr csgrjtf m hms mutfrjnmncs mnumdcrms nc gfdbfr`jnmn gfd hf quc cstmkhczgm ch [cihm`cdtf, [cihm`cdtf, cxpfdjcdnf hms rmzfdcs quc j`pjncd ch mrrjkf fpfrtudf nc hms `crgmdgàms `crgmdgàms.. Cd cstc gmsf, pfnrí pcr` pcr`jtjr jtjrsc sc ch mrrjkf mrrjkf cxtc`pfr cxtc`pfrídc ídcf f nc hms `crgmdgàms pfr ud pcrjfnf jiumh mh phmzf `íxj`f nc trmshmnf cstmkhcgjnf Wcríd rcspfdsmkhcs sfhjnmrjfs mdtc ch Bjsgf Bcncrmh nch pmif nc hms gfdtrjkugjfdcs y guftm guftms s gf`pc gf`pcds dsmtf mtfrjm rjms s f`jtjn f`jtjnms ms,, nc sus mg mggc gcsfr sfrjfs jfs y nc hms jdbrm jdbrmggj ggjfd fdcs cs quc quc sc

 

gf`ct gf`ctmd md nurmd nurmdtc tc ch trmshm trmshmnf nf nc hms `crgm `crgmdg dgàms àms,, gumhc gumhcsq squjc ujcrm rm nc hms sjiuj sjiujcdt cdtcs cs pcrsfdms? =. Ch micdtc f mpfncrmnf mnumdmh gumdnf jdgurrm cd hms gmusmhcs nc gmdgchmgj÷d

prcvjstms cd ch mrtàguhf =23, brmggj÷d JJJ nc cstm Hcy f df pucnm scr hfgmhjzmnf cd ch nf`jgjhjf pfr êh scýmhmnf pmrm fàr y rcgjkjr dftjbjgmgjfdcs. ;. Hm c`prcsm trmdspfrtjstm jdsgrjtm cd ch rcijstrf quc cstmkhczgm ch [cihm`cdtf quc rcmhjgc ch trmshmnf nc hms `crgmdgàms. Njgef rcijstrf scrí gmdgchmnf pfr hm Wcgrctmràm, prfgcnjcdnf hm suspcdsj÷d prfvjsjfdmh, emstm cd tmdtf df cxjstm udm rcsfh rcs fhugj ugj÷d ÷d bjr`c bjr`c quc quc nctcr nctcr`jd `jdm m njgem njgem gmdgc gmdgchmg hmgj÷d j÷d,, gumd gumdnf nf gfd gfd `ftjvf `ftjvf nch nch cocrgjgjf nc hms bmguhtmncs nc gf`prfkmgj÷d, hms mutfrjnmncs mnumdcrms nctcgtcd gumhqu gum hqujc jcrr `mdjf `mdjfkrm krm tcdnj tcdnjcdt cdtc c m chun chunjr jr ch gu`phj gu`phj`jc `jcdt dtf f nc hms hms fkhjim fkhjimgjf gjfdc dcs s bjsgmhcs. Hms c`prcsms trmdspfrtjstms nckcríd `mdtcdcr hfs `cnjfs nc gfdtrfh y sciurjnmn quc scým scýmhc hc hm Wcgrc Wcgrctm tmràm ràm `cnjm `cnjmdtc dtc rcihms rcihms y nckc nckcrí ríd d prfp prfpfrg frgjfd jfdmr mr hm jdbfr` jdbfr`mg mgj÷d j÷d y nfgu`cdtmgj÷d quc hcs scm rcqucrjnm pfr hms mutfrjnmncs mnumdcrms.Jdncpcdnjcdtc`cdtc nc hf njspucstf cd cstc mrtàguhf, ch micdtc f mpfncrmnf mnumdmh quc prf`ucvm ch ncspmgef tcdnrí hm rcspfdsmkjhjnmn prcvjstm cd cstm Hcy, pfr  hms jrrciuhmrjnmncs quc sc ncrjvcd nc hm bfr`uhmgj÷d nch pcnj`cdtf y quc sc nctcgtcd gfd `ftjvf nch cocrgjgjf nc hms bmguhtmncs nc gf`prfkmgj÷d nc hm mutfrjnmn mnumdcrm.

Budnm`cdtf hcimh? Mrtàguhfs =;>, =;3, =;2, =;9, =;5, =;: Hcy Mnumdcrm. Ncspmgef Mnumdcrf. Qmrm hfs cbcgtf Qmrm cbcgtfs s nc cs cstm tm Hcy, Hcy, sc cdtjc cdtjcdnc dnc pfr ncsp ncspmge mgef f ch gfdou gfdoudt dtf f nc mgtf mgtfs s y bfr`mhjnmncs bfr`mhjnm ncs rchmtjvfs m hm cdtrmnm nc `crgmdgàms `crgmdgàms mh tcrrjtfrjf dmgjfdmh dmgjfdmh y m su smhjnm nch `js`f, quc nc mgucrnf gfd hfs njbcrcdtcs tríbjgfs y rcià`cdcs mnumdcrfs cstmkhcgjnfs cd ch prcscdtc frncdm`jcdtf, nckcd rcmhjzmr cd hm mnumdm hms mutfrjnmncs mnumdcrms y hfs gfdsj gfdsjidm idmtm tmrjf rjfs, s, ncst ncstjdm jdmtm tmrjf rjfs, s, prfpjc prfpjctm tmrjf rjfs, s, pfsc pfsccn cnfrc frcs s f tcdcn tcdcnfrc frcs s cd hms j` j`pf pfrt rtmg mgjf jfdc dcs s y hfs hfs rc`j rc`jtc tcdt dtcs cs cd hms hms cxpf cxpfrt rtmg mgjf jfdc dcs, s, msà msà gf gf`f `f hfs hfs micd micdtc tcs s f mpfncrmnfs mnumdmhcs.

Budnm`cdtf hcimh? Mrtjguhf 73 Hcy Mnumdcrm. Ncspmgef Mnumdcrf cs ch gfdoudtf nc mgtfs y bfr`mhjnmncs rchmtjvfs m hm cdtrmnm nc `crgmdgàms mh tcrrjtfrjf dmgjfdmh y m su smhjnm nch `js`f, quc nc mgucrnf gfd hfs njbcrcdtcs tríbjgfs y rcià`cdcs mnumdcrfs cstmkhcgjnfs cd ch prcscdtc frncdm`jcdtf, nckcd nck cd rcmhjzm rcmhjzmrr mdtc hm mnumdm, mnumdm, hms mutfrjn mutfrjnmnc mncs s mnumdc mnumdcrms rms y qujcdc qujcdcs s jdtrfnu jdtrfnugcd gcd f cxtrmcd cxtr mcd `crgmdgà `crgmdgàms ms nch tcrrjtfr tcrrjtfrjf jf dmgjfdm dmgjfdmh, h, ym scm hfs gfdsjidm gfdsjidmtmr tmrjfs, jfs, ncstjdm ncstjdmtmrj tmrjfs, fs, prfpjctmrjfs, pfsccnfrcs f tcdcnfrcs cd hms j`pfrtmgjfdcs y hfs rc`jtcdtcs cd hms cxpfrtmg cxpf rtmgjfdc jfdcs, s, msà gf`f gf`f hfs micdtcs micdtcs mnumdmhc mnumdmhcs, s, c`phcmd c`phcmdnf nf ch sjstc`m sjstc`m chcgtr÷d chcgtr÷djgf jgf mnumdcrf.