Adverbs Conjunctions Prepositions

ADVERBS, CONJUNCTIONS, PREPOSITIONS and DEPENDENT PREPOSITIONS (advérbios, conjunções e preposições) Continuação da aula em WWW.webbusca.com.br/idiomas/ingles Advérbios de modo: formados pelo acréscimo de –ly a adjetivos. Examples: quick (rápido)  quickly slow (lento)  slowly

careful (cuidadoso)  carefully probable (provável)  probably

Advérbios e locuções adverbiais de lugar ADVÉRBI ADVÉRBI O HERE THERE BEYOND BESIDES NEAR FAR

TRADUÇÃO AQUI ALI, LÁ ALÉM DE ALÉM DISSO PERTO LONGE

Advérbios e locuções adverbiais de tempo ADVÉRBIO EARLY  LATE NOW ALL AT ONCE AT FIRST NOWADAYS TOMORROW UP TO NOW

TRADUÇÃO CEDO  TARDE AGORA DE REPENTE INICIALMENTE HOJE EM DIA AMANHÃ ATÉ AGORA

Advérbios e locuções adverbiais de frequência ADVÉRBIO ALWAYS ALREADY  NEVER EVER SELDOM OFTEN STILL  YET USUALLY  EVERY OTHER DAY  DAY BY DAY  HARDLY EVER

TRADUÇÃO SEMPRE  JÁ NUNCA  JÁ, SEMPRE, NUNCA RARAMENTE FREQUENTEMENTE AINDA (AFIRMATIVA) AINDA (NEGATIVA) GERALMENTE UM DIA SIM, UM DIA NÃO DIA A DIA QUASE NUNCA, RARAMENTE

Advérbios e locuções adverbiais de intensidade ADVÉRBIO NEARLY  VERY  LITTLE SCARCELY=HARDLY  =BARELY  MORE OR LESS AT MOST TOO ENOUGH FAIRLY  RATHER OVER

TRADUÇÃO QUASE MUITO POUCO QUASE NÃO, MAL MAIS OU MENOS NO MÁXIMO DEMAIS BASTANTE, SUFICIENTE BASTANTE, RAZOAVELMENTE (PARA COISAS AGRADÁVEIS) BASTANTE, RAZOAVELMENTE (PARA COISAS DESAGRADÁVEIS) EXCESSIVAMENTE, MAIS DE

ABOUT LITTLE BY LITTLE

CERCA DE, QUASE POUCO A POUCO

Advérbios e locuções adverbiais de negação, afirmação e dúvida ADVÉRBIO NO=NOT  YES INDEED DOUBTLESS=UNDOU BTEDLY  SURELY  BY NO MEANS NOT AT ALL BY ALL MEANS MAYBE=PERHAPS IN FACT OF COURSE VERY LIKELY 

TRADUÇÃO NÃO SIM NA REALIDADE, EFETIVAMENTE INDUBITAVELMENTE CERTAMENTE DE MANEIRA ALGUMA DE FORMA ALGUMA CERTAMENTE  TALVEZ DE FATO, NA VERDADE NATURALMENTE PROVAVELMENTE

CONJUNCTIONS CONJUNCTION AFTER ALTHOUGH, THOUGH AND AS AS IF, AS THOUGH AS SOON AS BECAUSE BEFORE BOTH… AND BUT EITHER… OR EVEN IF (THOUGH) FOR FURTHERMORE, MOREOVER IN ORDER TO LIKEWISE MEANWHILE NEITHER… NOR NEVERTHELESS, HOWEVER NOR NOT ONLY… BUT ALSO OR OTHERWISE, OR ELSE SINCE SO SO THAT THEREFORE, THEN UNLESS WHEN WHERE WHETHER WHILE  YET

THUS,

TRADUÇÃO EXEMPLO DEPOIS DE (QUE) I’ll send the books to the library after I have read them. EMBORA Although they arrived early, they could not buy the tickets. E He sold and apartment and bought a house. COMO, ENQUANTO, À MEDIDA His hands trembled as he spoke. / As it was raining, we couldn’t QUE go out. COMO SE He treated me as if I were a stranger. ASSIM QUE I’ll go out as soon as I finish this work. PORQUE He said he couldn’t come because he was very busy. ANTES DE (QUE) The train started before they were ready. TANTO… QUANTO He has both the time and the money to play tennis. MAS He was angry, but he listened to me. OU… OU, QUER… QUER, He will arrive either tomorrow or the day after tomorrow. SEJA… SEJA MESMO SE, MESMO QUE I intend to go there even if it rains. POIS, PORQUE We must go, for it is too late. ALÉM DO MAIS The car was almost new; furthermore, it was in great conditions. COM A INTENÇÃO DE DA MESMA FORMA ENQUANTO ISSO, ENTRETANTO NEM… NEM NO ENTANTO, TODAVIA

I have come in order to talk to you. The car was almost new; likewise, the bike was in good condition. I’ll buy a new suit next year; meanwhile, the old one will have to do a bit longer. He drinks neither tea nor milk. He was angry. Nevertheless (however) he listened to me.

NEM NÃO SÓ… MAS TAMBÉM

He wouldn’t buy that book nor would he accept it as a gift. He’s not only the best, but also the most hard-working.

OU SENÃO VISTO QUE, DESDE QUE ASSIM, PORTANTO A FIM DE QUE, DE MODO QUE POR ISSO, PORTANTO

You must work harder or go to another class. Come sooner, otherwise you’ll miss the classes. Since no one answered the door, I assume there’s nobody home. The rain began to fall, so we went home. He’d rather work in the morning, so that he might be free in the afternoon. It was raining, therefore they had to postpone the game.

A MENOS QUE QUANDO ONDE SE ENQUANTO ENTRETANTO, CONTUDO

You won’t pass your exams unless you study hard. When we lived in town we often went to the theatre. That’s the house where I was born. I asked her whether she intended to travel this month. While he stood there he saw two men enter the bar. He is very poor, yet he is happy as a king.

PREPOSITIONS PREPOSIÇÃ O ABOUT ABOUT ABOVE

TRADUÇÃO SOBRE, A RESPEITO DE CERCA DE ACIMA DE (SEM CONTATO)

EXEMPLO A book about Jennifer Love. About 10 guys have fallen for me. The lamp is above the desk.

ACROSS ACROSS AFTER AFTER AFTERWAR D(S) AGAINST AGAINST ALONG AMONG AROUND AROUND AS FAR AS AT BEFORE BEFORE BEHIND BELOW BENEATH BESIDE BESIDES BETWEEN BEYOND BY  BY  BY  BY  DOWN DURING FOR FOR FOR FOR FOR FROM IN IN IN FRONT OF INTO INTO LIKE NEAR OF OFF ON ON OUT OF OVER OVER OVER SINCE THROUGH TO TOWARD(S) UNDER UNTIL TILL) UP UP WITH WITHIN WITHOUT

(=

ATRAVÉS DE (ALGO PLANO) PARA O OUTRO LADO DE DEPOIS DE ATRÁS DE MAIS TARDE CONTRA JUNTO A POR (AO LONGO DE) ENTRE (TRÊS OU MAIS) EM VOLTA DE CERCA DE ATÉ (DISTÂNCIA) EM (POSIÇÃO EXATA) ANTES DE DIANTE DE ATRÁS DE EMBAIXO DE EMBAIXO DE (FORMAL) AO LADO DE ALÉM DE ENTRE (DOIS) ALÉM DE (ESPAÇO) POR (CAUSA, AUTOR) DE (MEIO DE TRANSPORTE) PERTO DE (A QUALQUER HORA) ATÉ PARA BAIXO, EMBAIXO DURANTE PARA POR (EM LUGAR DE) POR DURANTE HÁ DE (ORIGEM) EM DENTRO DE EM FRENTE DE

The foreign legion walked across the desert. The canoe is going across the river. After Tom had taken his shoes off, everybody left. Tell me the truth, you’re after my diamonds. They supported Jim, but afterwards he deserted them. Computer nerds against Superjerk. Your soft hair against my skin. The pale vampire came screaming along the corridor. That son of a gun is hiding among outlaws. Let me out my arms around you, baby. Around 20 guys have fallen for me. Laura is going as far as the station. Boris lives at number 13. Economic reforms should take place before prosperity comes. The crook appeared before the judge and pleaded guilty. The psycho opened fire behind the truck. His name is printed below mine. Beneath the planet of the apes. I’m sitting beside Keanu Reeves. He planned to slow the investigations besides the one previously conceived. Cole distinguished between a tough lawyer and a swindler. The problem is that you won’t find victuals beyond the river. Poems written by T.S. Eliot. Harris traveled to São Paulo by car. Merlin stood by the window meditating on the new year. Be here by 5 p.m. Sylvester fell down the stairs. Dissident groups fled the country during the night. There’s a ransom note for you. Georgeann is sick and cannot write so I am writing for her. Meg will always be remembered for her grace and style. For twenty years intelligence sources spread false stories. For some years internet companies have thrived in America. From me to you. The first tool in the history of man. The remains lie buried in a creepy crypt. Recite a poem in front of the class.

PARA DENTRO Addison went into the haunted house and never came out of it. EM, PARA (NOVO ESTADO OU He turned into a homicidal maniac. SITUAÇÃO) COMO Sometimes I feel like a motherless child. PERTO DE Don’t come near my telescope or else. DE The demise of civilization is at hand. DE SOBRE Colin took the book off the table. SOBRE, EM CIMA DE (EM  There’s a phone on the seat. CONTATO) SOBRE (ALGO SÉRIO) A thesis on economics. PARA FORA DE Let’s get out of here. DIRETAMENTE ACIMA DE (SEM  There’s a flying saucer over this building right now. CONTATO) MAIS DE Over 40 victims. DURANTE Over the past two decades. DESDE She hasn’t seen her dentist since 1993. ATRAVÉS DE (PENETRAÇÃO) I’ll take a look at you as you walk through the tunnel. PARA (DESTINO) From here to eternity. PARA, EM DIREÇÃO A A step toward(s) interactive TV. DEBAIXO DE Security cameras showed how he had concealed the weapon under the blender. (O TEMPO TODO) ATÉ Exercise until (=till) you drop dead – it’s good to your health. PARA CIMA ATÉ (EM GERAL) COM DENTRO DE SEM

Al of sudden, a lizard ran up her leg. Rosalie has read up to Page sicty-two. Brenda lives with a heavy drinker. Some scientific breakthroughs will take place within the next couple of days. She can’t live without her cell phone.

DEPENDENT PREPOSITIONS Em inglês há muitos verbos, substantivos e adjetivos os quais são seguidos por preposições específicas. As preposições são chamadas de dependentes porque a escolha destas depende

de uma palavra específica e seu significado. Seguem alguns exemplos principais e mais comuns.

PREPOSITIONAL VERB AND OBJECT + PREPOSITION + OBJECT AGREE ABOUT something WITH somebody AGREE WITH somebody ABOUT/OVER

something APOLOGIZE TO somebody FOR something COMPLAIN ABOUT something TO somebody COMPLAIN TO somebody ABOUT something DEPEND ON somebody /something FOR

something DISAGREE WITH somebody ABOUT/OVER something QUARREL WITH somebody ABOUT/OVER something RELY ON somebody /something FOR something

CONCORDAR SOBRE ALGO COM ALGUÉM CONCORDAR COM ALGUÉM SOBRE ALGO DESCULPAR-SE COM ALGUÉM POR ALGO RECLAMAR SOBRE ALGO PARA ALGUÉM RECLAMAR PARA ALGUÉM SOBRE ALGO DEPENDER DE ALGUÉM/ALGO PARA ALGO DISCORDAR COM ALGUÉM SOBRE ALGO DISCUTIR COM ALGUÉM SOBRE ALGO CONFIAR EM ALGUÉM/ALGO

Outros exemplos: DEP. PREPOSITION ACCESS TO

USO A WAY TO GET INTO something

TRADUÇÃO ACESSAR A

ALTERNATIVE TO AMOUNT TO

Something THAT CAN BE USED INSTEAD OF something ELSE TO ADD UP TO IN TOTAL

ALTERNATIVA PARA

AWARE OF

 TO KNOW ABOUT something

CAPABLE OF

HAVING THE ABILITY TO DO something

TER CONHECIMENTO SOBRE CAPAZ DE

COMPLAIN ABOUT

 TO SAY THAT YOU’RE NOT HAPPY ABOUT

RECLAMAR DE

EXCEPTION TO LACK OF

Something THAT IS DIFFERENT FROM NORMAL

EXCEÇÃO A FALTA DE

NEED FOR

 THE STATE OF BEING WITHOUT OR NOT HAVING ENOUGH OF something MUST HAVE

PAY FOR

 TO GIVE MONEY IN EXCHANGE FOR something

PAGAR POR

RELY ON

 TO DEPEND ON OR TRUST IN Something OR

DEPENDER DE, CONFIAR EM

ADICIONAR A

something

somebody

NECESSIDADE DE

EXEMPLO DO YOU HAVE ACCESS TO  THE DATABASE? ARTIFICIAL SWEETNER IS AN ALTERNATIVE TO SUGAR THE PROJECT’S COSTS AMOUNTED TO US$ 100 ARE YOU AWARE OF THE RULES AROUND HERE? HE IS NOT CAPABLE OF DRIVING A CAR. HE IS DRUNK! I’D LIKE TO COMPLAIN TO THE MANAGER ABOUT THE SERVICE THERE ARE EXCEPTIONS TO EVERY RULE THERE’S A LACK OF COLOR IN THE KITCHEN THERE’S A NEED FOR GREATER DISCIPLINE IN SCHOOLS HE LEFT WITHOUT PAYING FOR THE MEAL HE IS 30 AND STILL RELIES ON HIS MOTHER OF MONEY