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Pdhld `m Caotmok`a

Kotra`ucckóo

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Ahnmtkva

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@klmid ëtkca rmldckaod`a cao ld vk`d

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Caocluskaoms

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Hkhlkabrdeéd

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Kotra`ucckóo

Ld mutdodskd ms ml caocmpta qum `mhm koclukr mxcluskvdimotm ld dcckóo u aikskóo, `krmctd a kotmockaod`d, mocdikod`d d pravacdr ld iumrtm `m uod pmrsaod qum pd`mcm uod moemrim`d` dvdozd`d a tmrikodl, d pmtkckóo mxprmsd y rmktmrd`d `m ëstd. Duoqum mtkialóbkcdimotm skbokekqum "humod iumrtm", dctudlimotm ms uo tërikoa ckrcuoscrkta d mstd `mekokckóo.

Ahnmtkva 3

 

@dr d caoacmr caia ld mutdodskd ms ml `mrmcja d mscabmr uod iumrtm `kbod ermotm d uod moemrim`d` kocurdhlm mo edsm tmrikodl qum cdusd suerkikmota y `alar d qukmo ld pd`mcm.

@klmid ëtkca rmldckaod`a cao ld vk`d “Ld Mutdodskd’

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Ld Arbdokzdckóo iuo`kdl `m ld sdlu` (AIS) `mekom ld mutdodskd caia dqumlld “dcckóo `ml

ië`kca qum pravacd `mlkhmrd`dimotm ld iumrtm `ml pdckmotm’. Mstd `mekokckóo rmsdltd ld kotmockóo `ml dcta ië`kca, ms `mckr, ml qumrmr pravacdr ld iumrtm `ml atra. Ld mutdodskd sm pum`m rmdlkzdr par dcckóo `krmctd> praparckaodo`a uod koymcckóo lmtdl dl moemria a par dcckóo ko`krmctd> oa praparckaodo`a ml sapartm häskca pdrd ld supmrvkvmockd `m mstm. Mo dihas cdsas, ld ekodlk`d` ms ld iksid> dcdhdr cao uod vk`d moemrid.

Mo Calaihkd, y cao hdsm mo ld Caostktuckóo Valétkcd `m 4;;4, ld Cartm Caostktuckaodl, mo cuiplkikmota `m ld smotmockd C83; `m 4;;2, `mspmodlkzó ld mutdodskd y dhrkó ld pumrtd pdrd qum lds pmrsaods qum suermo ermotm d uod moemrim`d` kocurdhlm y mo edsm tmrikodl pum`do pm`kr paomr eko d su vk`d.

 

Smbþo, Jurtd`a ( 864=) Vldotmd qum cao rmspmcta d las moemrias tmrikodlms qum

mxpmrkimotdo kotmosas suerkikmotas, suerkikmotas, ml `mhmr mstdtdl `m pr pratmbmr atmbmr ld vk`d ermotm dl caosmotkikmota koearid`a `ml pdckmotm, qum `msmd iarkr mo earid `kbod y mo mstm cdsa ml `mrmcja euo`dimotdl d vkvkr mo earid `kbod kiplkcd motaocms ml `mrmcja d iarkr `kbodimotm, pums cao`modr d uod  pmrsaod d pralaobdr par cudo`a oa la `msmd y pd`mcm kotmosds delkcckaoms, mqukvdlm oa sala d uo trdta cruml m kojuidoa, skoa d uod douldckóo `m su `kbok`d` y `m su dutaoaiéd caia sunmta iardl.

 

Ld mutdodskd jd bmomrd`a ta`a tkpa `m `mhdtms ëtkcas. Sus `memosarms dsmburdo qum mvktdo ml

suerkikmota `m ld pmrsaod y qum rmcjdzd ld pralaobdckóo drtkekckdl `m ld vk`d qum llmvd d sktudckaoms qum =

 

sao ko`kbods. Las `mtrdctarms mo cdihka, caosk`mrdo qum od`km tkmom `mrmcja d `mck`kr cudo`a tmrikod ld vk`d `ml prónkia.

]oa `m las drbuimotas mo caotrd `m cudlqukmr tkpa `m mutdodskd ms ml rmemrmotm d ld sdotk`d` `m ld vk`d juidod. @m dcumr`a cao ld caocmpckóo rmlkbkasd, ld `mckskóo `m cuäo`a dcdhd uod vk`d y mo quë cao`kckaoms carrmspao`m þokcdimotm d ld `kvkok`d`, par la qum las smrms juidoas `mhmias mstdr saimtk`as d `kcjd valuotd`.

Sko mihdrba, caotrdrkd d mstd paskckóo sm mocumotrd ld caosk`mrdckóo sahrm ld `kbok`d` juidod. Sm jd dekrid`a qum ld rdzóo euo`dimotdl `m ld `mcldrdckóo `m las `mrmcjas euo`dimotdlms ms ld prmsmrvdckóo y rmspmta par ld `kbok`d` juidod. @kbok`d` qum `mhm smr motmo`k`d mo ta`as las iaimotas, koclusa mo ld iumrtm. Dsé, sm dhabd par ml `mrmcja d uod iumrtm `kbod.

 

Las cudtra prkockpkas sao uod earid `m dekridr las `mrmcjas euo`dimotdlms `m ld

vk`d (hmomekcmockd y oa idlmekcmockd), ld lkhmrtd` (dutaoaiéd) y ld kbudl`d` (nustkckd).

 

Las prkockpkas `m hmomekcmockd y oa idlmekcmockd sao caiplmimotdrkas y pum`mo motrdr mo

caoelkcta cao ml `m dutaoaiéd d trdvës `m ld caipmtmockd y dutark`d` `ml praemskaodl `m ld sdok`d`, `mhk`a d ld dskimtréd mo ld rmldckóo ië`kca-moemria qum sm `mrkvd `m ld pasmskóo `ml caoackikmota par pdrtm `ml ië`kca y ld omcmsk`d` qum ml pdckmotm tkmom `m ld pmrkckd `ml  praemskaodl. Ml prapka caocmpta `m hmomekcmockd ms uo caostructa qum ld präctkcd cléokcd, ml nukcka 5

 

 praemskaodl y ml crktmrka `m las pdckmotms caldhardo d mldhardr `m earid `koäikcd y camtäomd.

 

Ml prkockpka `m dutaoaiéd pum`m kotmrprmtdrsm caia ld trdscrkpckóo sdoktdrkd `ml

kipmrdtkva cdtmbórkca gdotkdoa> ml jaihrm ms uo eko mo sk iksia. Ld dutaoaiéd ms motmo`k`d caia ml rmspmta qum ta`d pmrsaod imrmcm tdota par smr dutóoaid caia pdrd smr pratmbk`d cudo`a ld cdpdck`d` `m `mckskóo mstm `ksikouk`d a oa smd. Msta kiplkcd ml `mrmcja d ld koearidckóo y d taidr `mckskaoms sahrm su pmrsaod. Xmspmtdr ld dutaoaiéd skbokekcd tdota `dr vdlar d lds caosk`mrdckaoms `m lds pmrsaods dutóoaids caia edvarmcmr lds sktudckaoms mo lds qum mstds  pmrsaods mxprmsmo sus apkokaoms y tmomr mo cumotd lds iksids cudo`a yd oa pum`mo mnmrcmr su cdpdck`d` `m duta`mtmrikodckóo. Mo mstm smotk`a ml caosmotkikmota koearid`a a lds valuotd`ms dotkckpd`ds sao uo kostruimota qum oa jd `m sustktukr d ld rmldckóo ië`kca-moemria y jdy qum mvktdr ml pmlkbra `m huracrdtkzdckóo.

 

Xmspmcta dl prkockpka `m nustkckd, mo oumstra im`ka, jdcm rmemrmockd d ld kipdrckdlk`d` mo

ld `kstrkhuckóo `m rmcursas, motmo`k`d caia mquk`d`. Jdy qum mvktdr lds cdrbds ko`mhk`ds y edvarmcmr ml dccmsa d las rmcursas omcmsdrkas.

Caocluskaoms

 

Ld mutdodskd ms uoa `m las tmids iäs caotravmrskdlms mo las prkockpkas `m ld ëtkcd yd y d qum 2

 

 par ld`a sm crmm qum prdctkcdr ld mutdodskd ms jaikck`ka `mhk`a d qum ms ld dcckóo `m dcdhdr cao ld vk`d `m uod pmrsaod y par ld atrd qum ms ld `mckskóo dutóoaid `m iarkr `kbodimotm y oa sapartdr sktudckaoms ko`kbods d cdusd `m uod moemrim`d`.

Var mockid `m cudlqukmr crmmockd a `mekokckóo `m mutdodskd sm `mhm `memo`mr ml `mrmcja d uod vk`d `kbod, sko suerkikmota `ao`m sm pum`d bazdr cao plmoktu` y oa tmomr qum `mpmo`mr `m uod vk`d drtkekckdl a uod vk`d llmod `m suerkikmota la k`mdl smréd qum cd`d uoa  pum`d taidr lds `mckskaoms `m su prapkd vk`d y smdo rmspmtd`ds.

Hkhlkabrdeéd

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Cdips, U. (4;;6). Jkstarkd `m ld ëtkcd. Hdrcmlaod> Crétkcd. :

 

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Gdot, M. (42::). Crétkcd `m ld rdzóo präctkcd. Id`rk`> Dlkdozd

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Jurtd`a, I, (864=) Ld mutdodskd mo Calaihkd `ms`m uod pmrspmctkvd hkaëtkcd, Sckmla, Xmcupmrd`a `m> jttp>//www.sckmla.arb.ca/p`e/rirk/v84o8/v84o8d46.p`e

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Hdtkz, N, (8640) Vrahlmids ëtkcas dl ekodl `m ld vk`d, SMCVDL, Xmcupmrd`a `m> jttps>//www.smcpdl.cai/prahlmids-mtkcas-dl-ekodl-`m-ld-vk`d

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