Actividad 3 Marco Teorico

 

@cljrn; XFMV. Mfrcai`f Lfrtì`nz Bclì`ounz

Lftrimuaf; 6=:>64.

Orupc; F]5>.

Lftnrif; Xrcynmtc bn I``cvfmiý`

Bcmn`tn; Br. Uìmtcr Ln`bczf Lfrtì`nz

 Fmtivibfb bn fprn`bizfkn fprn`bizfkn =; Mc`strummiý` Mc`strummiý` bna Lfrmc Rnýrimc. Rnýrimc.

Xunjaf, Xun. Xun. :2 bn lfyc bna bna :8:6

 

Rrftflin`tc i`tnorfa n` bifjntns lnaaitus tipc :. Znsuln`; Af lfycrìf bn acs pfmin`tns mc` bifo`ýstimc bn bifjntns lnaaitus tipc :, qun rnmijn` trftflin`tc efrlfmcaýoimc fbnmufbc, `c bisli`uyn` su pcrmn`tfkn bn dnlcoacji`f oaumcsiafbf (DJF6m) f pnsfr bn afs i`bimfmic`ns scjrn bintf, nknrmimic y nstiac bn vibf f snouir. ]n crof`izý na ‑Rrftflin`tc i`tnorfa bn bifjntns lnaaitus tipc :“ mclc u` prc prcorf orflf lf si` rinsoc rinsocs, s, nmc`ý nmc`ýlim limc, c, eæm eæmiaia bn rnf rnfaiz aizfr fr y sus sustn` tn`tfj tfjan an qun acorn acorn lnkcrfr afs mc`bimic`ns bn vibf bna pfmin`tn. ]n prnsn`tf na mfsc bn u` pfmin`tn lfsmuai`c mc` bifo`ýstimc bn bifjntns lnaaitus tipc : mc` mclpaimfmic`ns prcpifs bn af n`enrlnbfb qun mc` af ilpanln`tfmiý` bn nstn prcorflf, mc`sistn`tn n` af mclji`fmiý` bn bintf sfaubfjan, i`mausiý` efliaifr, nknrmi nkn rmimic mic i`tnrv i`tnrvæai æaimc mc supnr supnrvis visfbc fbc mc` mc` pcs pcstnr tnricr icr sn snoui ouilin lin`tc `tc n` su bclim bclimiaic iaic y trftflin`tc efrlfmcaýoimc, acorf af rnbummiý` bn mierfs bn dnlcoacji`f oaumcsiafbf y sus sì`tclfs y mc`snmun`tnln`tn af mfaibfb bn vibf bna pfmin`tn.

Xfafjrfs mafvn; bifjntns lnaaitus, trftflin`tc i`tnorfa, nknrmimic i`tnrvæaimc. N` af MLE bna I]]]RN n` Xunjaf, acs lébimcs n` su mc`suatf bifrif, cjsnrvf` qun af lf lfyc ycrìf rìf bn ac acss pfmi pfmin` n`tn tnss mc` mc` bifo bifo`ý `ýst stim imc c bn bi bifj fjnt ntns ns ln lnaaaaititus us titipc pc : `c bisli`uyn` su pcrmn`tfkn bn dnlcoacji`f oaumcsiafbf (DJF6m) f pnsfr bn bfrans i`bimfmic`ns scjrn af bintf qun bnjnrìf` snouir, na nknrmimic rnmcln`bfbc y bnlæs fspnmtcs rnenrn`tns f nstiac bn vibf7 prncmupfbf pcr nstf situfmiý`, pcr sfjnr qun sn prn prnsn sn`tf `tf` ` mc mclpa lpaimf imfmic mic`ns `ns mc` fatcs fatcs mcs mcstcs tcs nmc nmc`ýl `ýlimc imcss y scm scmifa ifans, ns, bn bnmib mibiý iý crof`izfr u` prcorflf y prcjfrac n` u` mfsc. Xrnou`tf bn i`vnstiofmiý`; ³Xcbræ na nknrmimic i`tnrvæaimc bisli`uir acs `ivnans bn oaumcsf n` acs pfmin`tns3

Lfrmc Rnýrimc Na prcorflf mc`sibnrf fspnmtcs jæsimcs mclc; si` rinsocs, nmc`ýlimc, eæmia bn rnfaizfr y sustn`tfjan. 

]I@ ZIN]OC ZIN]OC]; ];  pri prilnr lnrc c sn bnsmf bnsmfrtf rtfrc` rc` n`enrl n`enrlnbf nbfbn bnss mfr mfrbif bifmf mfss n` na pfmin`tn, y sn an n`sn n`snöc öc f ibn`tieimfr ssu u ernmun`mif mfrbìfmf l læxilf æxilf mc` u` sn`miaaf ecrluaf; ::8 ” nbfb nbfb T .4 < EM lfx  f ei` qun pubinrf mmc`cmnr c`cmnr d dfstf fstf

 

bc`bn nrf mc`vn`in`tn rnfaizfr nseunrzc y `c frrinsofrsn, tfljié` sn an lcstrý af ecrlf bn tclfr y mc`tfr puasc pfrf `c rnjfsfr af EMlfx. 

NMC@ÝLIMC; na ofstc qun tin`n qun rnfaizfr na pfmin`tn ns n` fbquirir u`f jimimantf eikf y si af punbn mc`snouir prnstfbf fdcrrf, sn an bnlcstrý qun ns læs nmc`ýlimf u`f mclibf sf`f qun `c sf`f (sn ofstf læs n` rnernsmc, mclibf mc` fju`bf`tn orfsf, mclibf muf`ticsf).



EÆMIA BN  ZNFAI[FZ; na pfmin`tn fmnptc qun nrf sulfln`tn eæmia rnfaizfr  pnbfanc n` af jimimantf eikf, sn an pibiý qun fmubinrf f af MLE f rnfaizfr  nknrmimic i`tnrvæaimc supnrvisfbc, mc` i`tn`sibfb bna 48 fa 98% bn af EMlfx, mc` af lntcbcacoìf bn trns li`utcs bn pnbfanc pcr u`c bn bnsmf`sc, snis rnpntimic`ns, sn an nxpaimc qun nrf mc`vn`in`tn qun eunrf supnrvisfbc n` af maì`imf, pnrc qun fa tnrli`fr na prctcmcac, pcbrìf rnfaizfrac n` su bclimiaic.



]^]RN@RFJAN; sn an bnlcstrý fa pfmin`tn qun nrf nenmtivc na nknrmimic mc` fpcyc bn bintf sf`f, pnrc qun nstn prcorflf bnjnrìf snr pnrlf`n`tn pfrf lf`t lf `tn` n`nr nrsn sn sf sf`c `c,, sn i` i`vc vcau aumr mrý ý f af efli efliaif aif pfrf pfrf qu qun n ac fpcy fpcyfr frf f n` af fail failn` n`tf tfmi miý` ý` rn rnmc mcln ln`b `bfb fbf f nx nxpa paim imæ` æ`bc bcan anss qu qun n tcbf tcbf af efli efliaiaif f sn vn vnrìf rìf jn`neimifbf mc` u`f failn`tfmiý` sf`f, af `utriýacof ans lcstrý ln`ûs sf`cs y sfjrcscs pfrf tcbcs acs oustc bn i`tnorf`tns bn af efliaif, af Brf. Unrofrf ans lcstrý mclc af bi`ælimf efliaifr sn lcbieimf mc` u` n`enrlc bn bifjntns n` af efliaif, y qun na rinsoc on`étimc sn n`mun`trf n` dikfs n dikcs pcr ac qun n` tcbfs afs nbfb rnfaizfr nknrmimic y bintf sf`f ans punbn rnbumir na rinsoc bn bifjntns, c rntrfsfr af fpfrimiý`, tcbc nstc pfrf dfmnr qun sn mc`ti`ufræ na fpcyc fa pfmin`tn y tcbcs acs i`tnorf`tns bn af efliaif sn jn`neimifrf`, sn an rnmcln`bý `c suspn`bnr su trftflin`tc efrlfmcaýoimc dfmin`bc é`efsis qun nrf pfrtn bna trftflin`tc i`tnorfa y qun mc` jfsn f rnsuatfbcs bn nstubics bn afjcrftcric, sn pcbrìf rnbumir pnrc `c suspn`bnr.

]n trfjfký mc` u` lfsmuai`c bn >8 föcs bn nbfb mc` bifo`ýstimc bn BL: bnsbn dfmn > föcs, prcenscr bn nbumfmiý` eìsimf n` prilfrif. Fa i`imic bna nstubic prnsn`tý DJF6m bn 66.9%, oaumcsf bn :48 lo/ba, trioaiméribcs sérimcs bn =88, ernmun`mif mfrbifmf bn ?4 a/l n` rnpcsc y RF bn 6:8/4> llDo, pnsc bn 48 go, tfaaf bn 6.5: lts, u` ì`bimn bn lfsf mcrpcrfa (ILM) bn =8 qun mcrrnspc`bn bn fmunrbc f CL] f cjnsibfb. Na pfmin`tn prnsn`tfjf mf`sf`mic nxtrnlc fa ei`faizfr sus fmtivibfbns bn

 

af vibf bifrif (FUB), `imturif pcr ac mufa sn anvf`tfjf fa jföc bn bcs f trns vnmns n` af lfbruofbf, pcaibipsif, `nurcpftìf bifjétimf, pfrnstnsifs y bisnstnsifs n` fljcs linljrcs péavimcs y pfrnstnsifs n` linljrc supnricr izquinrbc, nrf trftfbc mc` ai`f ai`foa oaip ipti` ti`f, f, paic paicoa oaititfz fzc` c`f f y lnte lntecr crli li`f `f.. Na pfmi pfmin` n`tn tn sn i` i`or orns nsý ý fa prct prctcm cmca cac, c, fmubin`bc f af MLE f rnfaizfr nknrmimic i`tnrvæaimc supnrvisfbc, mc` i`tn`sibfb bna 48 fa 98% bn af a f EMlfx, burf`tn 65 snlf`fs, acs bìfs au`ns, lfrtns y vinr`ns pcr af tfrbn. Bisli`uyc pfrnstnsifs n` linljrcs tcræmimcs7 pfrnstnsifs y bisnstnsifs n` linljrcs péavimcs, naili`ý af `imturif y visitfs fa jföc burf`tn afs dcrfs bn sunöc, pcr ac qun lnkcrý su bnsmf`sc, na pfmin`tn tfljié` pnrbiý trns go, na pfmin`tn ln`mic`ý qun acs jn`neimics acs `ctc f pfrtir bn af snou`bf snlf`f bn rnfaizfr na nknrmimic i`tnrvæaimc y ln`mic`ý qun nstfjf mc`vn`mibc qun na nknrmimic si ns ûtia pfrf lnkcrfr su sfaub fbnlæs fmnptý qun na fpcyc bn su efliaif eun eu`bfln`tfa, yf qun tcbf af efliaif lcbieimý af bintf, ac fpcyý pfrf qun pubinrf fmubir f af MLE Xunjaf, f rnfaizfr nknrmimic.

Znsuatfbcs Mufbrc @c. 6 Xfmi Xf min` n`tn tn

DJF6 DJF6mm fa i` i`im imic ic DJF6m fa ei`fa bna pcrmn`tfkn

bn

bna nstubic nstubic bisli`umiý` @c. 6 66.9 5.9 2:% Eun`tn; Nafjcrfmiý` prcpif n` jfsn f lnbimiý` bn DJF6m n` MLE Xunjaf, I]]]RN. Bnspués bn 65 snlf`fs bn nknrmimic i`tnrvæaimc supnrvisfbc scjrn jimimantf eikf, na pfmin`tn bisli`uyý su `ivna bn DJF6m, mclc sn lunstrf n` na mufbrc @c. 6. Rfljié` bisli`uyý si`tclftcacoìf, y pnsc mcrpcrfa, vnr mufbrc @c. : Mufbrc @c. : Xfmin`tn

Bisli`umiý` bn sì`tclfs

Bisli`umiý`

bn

pnsc mcrpcrfa n @c. 6

ILM Bisli`uyc pfrnstnsifs n` linljrcs tcræmimcs7 = go pfrnstnsifs y bisnstnsifs n` linljrcs péavimcs, ILM :9.5 naili`ý af `imturif y visitfs fa jföc burf`tn afs dcrfs bn sunöc, pcr ac qun bnsmf`sc lnkcr,

 

Eun`tn; Nafjcrfmiý` prcpif n` jfsn f n`trnvistf f pfmin`tn y sclftclntrìf MLE Xunjaf, I]]]RN.

Bismusiý` Acs rnsuatfbcs n` na pfmin`tn bnlunstrf` bisli`umiý` n` na pcrmn`tfkn bn DojF6m bn u` 2:%. Af FBF y CL] rnmclin`bf` n` acs prctcmcacs bn trftflin`tc bn BL:, nknrmimic lcbnrf lcb nrfbc bc bn =8 li`u li`utcs tcs f u`f dcrf dcrf u`f vnz fa bìf, fa ln`cs ln`cs trns vn vnmns mns pc pcr  r  snlf`f, qun i`mauyn fmtivibfbns mclc mfli`ftf fmnanrfbf, trctn aionrc, vcaijca, si` nljfroc Knf`-Kfmquns _y`bfnan (:865), Jicmdnl (6998), Bnrfvn nt-fa., bnsmrijn` afs bienrn`mif bienrn`mifss bn OA^R2 OA^R2 n`trn eijrfs cxibftivfs cxibftivfs y oaumcaìtimfs oaumcaìtimfs.. _iaalc _iaalcrn rn y Mcst Mcstiaia (:886) nspnmieimf` qun acs linljrcs péavimcs, f nxmnpmiý` bn acs onlnacs, nstæ` mclpunstcs prnbcli`f`tnln`tn bn eijrfs cxibftivfs, y fa rnfaizfr u` nknrmimic bn lfycr i`tn`sibfb fmtivflcs afs eijrfs ræpibfs y fa rnfaizfr pnbfanc mc` orupcs lusmuafrns bn eijrfs an`tfs fuln`tf na lntfj lntfjcaislc caislc bn af oaumcsf oaumcsf pcr fmtivfm fmtivfmiý` iý` bn acs bienrn`tns tipcs bn eijrfs lusmuafrns7 Oýlnz-[critf, ^rbflpiaantf (:86:) tfljié` ln`mic`f` qun nxistn` bienrn`mifs n`trn afs eijrfs bn mc`trfmmiý` ræpibf y an`tf, fsì mclc n` trf`spcrtn bn oaumcsf y mc`tn`ibc bn OA^R2, pcr ac qun afs i`vnstiofmic`ns rnfaizfbfs, suoinrn` aanvfr f mfjc n`trn`flin`tc mclji`fbc pfrf dfmnr trfjfkfr afs eijrfs lusmuafrns ræpibfs y an`tfs y qun nstc pnrlitf sn`sijiaizfr  af i`suai`f, pcr nknlpac mc` nknrmimic i`tnrvæaimc. Nxistn` nstubics qun `frrf` qun na nknrmimic eìsimc bn mcrtf burfmiý`, bn =8 f 58 li`utcs `c rnbumn acs `ivnans bn oaumcsf n` sf`orn, qun sn rnquinrn fmtivibfb lfycr f 58 li`utcs mc` u` ofstc fprcxilfbc bn 2>%, fuln`tf`bc af trf`sacmfmiý` bn OA^R2 y na trf`spcrtn bn oaumcsf f af lnljrf`f pafslætimf bn af méauaf lusmu lus muafr afr (Afrsn (Afrsn` ` ntnt-fa, fa, 699 699?). ?). @fc @fcli li A. Gun Gund` d`jfu jful l ntnt-fa. fa. (:8 (:862) 62) fa nstubi nstubifr  fr  luknrns snbn`tfrifs mc` BL: `c cjtuvinrc` u` bnsmn`sc sio`ieimftivc n` `ivnans bn oaumcsf n` sf`orn prcjfjanln`tn snf` `nmnsfric n` naafs læs bn u`f snsiý` bn nknrmimic fa bìf y tfljié` pc`nr ftn`miý` n` su bintf, mc`sibnrflcs qun nstc punbn nxpaimfr qun n` `unstrc trfjfkc, na pfmin`tn prnsn`tc nxmnan`tns rnsuatfbcs yf qun rnfaizfjf fmtivibfb eìsimf bifrif, lnkcrý su failn`tfmiý` n` mfaibfb y scjrn tcbc mc`tý mc` na fpcyc bn af efliaif.

 

 Faistfir Aulj, (:862) ln`mic`f af ilpcrtf`mif bn fuln`tfr af i`tn`sibfb bna nknr nknrmi mimi mic c y ac mc`v mc`vn` n`in in`t `tn n bn rn rnfa faiz izfr fr nknr nknrmi mimi mic c f`fn f`fnrc rcji jic c qu qun n i` i`mr mrnl nln` n`tn tn af sn`sijiaizfmiý` f af i`suai`f, n`trn naacs na nknrmimic bn rnsistn`mif bn læs bn 6>8 li`utcs pcr snlf`f, y ctcrof orf` ilpcrtf`mif f rnfaizfr nstubics mc` nknrmimic i`tnrvæaimc n` pnrsc`fs mc` BL:. Xcr ctrf pfrtn `c sn df` n`mc`trfbc nstubics qun mclpfrn` bienrn`tns tipcs bn nknrmimic y af bisli`umiý` bn acs `ivnans bn DjoF6m y oaumcsf, Aitaan f`b Erf`mcis (:862). Af lntcbcacoìf bna nknrmimic i`tnrvæaimc fû` ns luy vfrifjan, sn df bnlcstrfbc orf` utia utiaib ibfb fb pf pfrf rf na mc`t mc`trc rcaa bn pn pnsc sc y n` pr prco corf rflf lfss bn n` n`tr trn` n`fl flin in`t `tc c bn fa fatc tc rn`bilin`tc (lfrftc`istfs, `fbfbcrns y mrcss eit) si` nljfroc su utiaizfmiý` pfrf acs sistnlfs bn sfaub ,(mfrbicpftìfs, bifjntns, NXCM) ns pcmc mc`cmibf, fbnlæs bn `c n`mc`t n`m c`trfr rfr u`f ouìf ouìf nst nstf`b f`bfriz frizfbf fbf y frt frtìmu ìmuacs acs rne rnenrn nrn`tn `tnss f bif bifjn jntns tns y nkn nknrmi rmimic mic i`tnrvæaimc n` Léximc, pcr ac mufa `csctrcs fbnmuflcs afs snrins, rnpntimic`ns n i`tn`sibfb bna nknrmimic i`tnrvæaimc, pfrf naac tclflcs n` mun`tf af lntcbcacoìf bn Zco`lc nt fa, qun qun nlpanf trns li`utcs f faa >8-58% bna UC:pimc, ssnouibf nouibf bn mu muftrc ftrc li`utcs fa 48-98% UC:pimc mc` u` tinlpc tctfa bn n`trn`flin`tc bn == li`utcs pcr  snsiý` (i`mauyn`bc mi`mc li`utcs bn mfan`tflin`tc). Af i`tn`sibfb bna nknrmimic eìsimc pfrf pfmin`tns mc` BL:, sn suoinrn lcbnrfbc, pnrc mclc feirlf Rnrfbf ]. (:886) u` trfjfkc i`tnrlitn`tn bn fatf i`tn`sibfb y jfkf burfmiý` i`bumn u` fuln`tc bn af nxprnsiý` bna OA^R2 n` mclpfrfmiý` mc` acs nknrmimics prcac`ofbcs y bn jfkf burfmiý` mclc sn mrnìf.

Mc`mausiý` Na nknrmimic i`tnrvæaimc ns u`f dnrrflin`tf ûtia qun punbn mc`trijuir f lnkcrfr na trftflin`tc y mc`trca bn af BL:7 sn mc`sibnrf qun na trfjfkc, si mc`trijuyý f bisli`uir af DojF6m y fa acorfsn nstc, sn li`ilizfrc` n i`mausivn bnspfrnminrc` sì sì`t `tcl clfs fs.. Na pf pfmi min` n`tn tn sn si`t si`tiý iý sf sftitise senm nmdc dc mc` mc` ac acss rnsu rnsuatf atfbc bcs, s, ln ln`m `mic ic`ý `ý qu qun n mclprn`biý af ilpcrtf`mif bn mclji`fr trftflin`tc lébimc, mc` nknrmimic, bintf y fpcyc efliaifr, tfljié` rnitnrý qun mc`ti`ufrìf rnfaizf`bc nstfs fmtivibfbns, fbnlæs bn forfbnmnr pcr dfjnrac i`mauibc n` na nstubic.

 

Jijaicorfeìf 6. Af N`munstf @fmic`fa bn ]faub y @utrimiý` :86: (N@]F@^R:86:). :. Flnrimf` Flnrimf` Bif Bifjntns jntns Fsscm Fsscmiftic iftic` ` (FBF) : :865 865 Ouibnai Ouibnai`ns. `ns.

=.  Æavfrnz, M., Zflìrnz-Mflpiaac, Z., Eacrns, L., Dn`rìqunz-Caouì`, Dn`rìqunz-Caouì`, M., Mflpcs, M., Mfrrfsmc, U., nt fa. (:86=). Znspunstfs lntfjýaimfs i`bumibfs pcr na nknrmimic eìsimc NlæsE, Znvistf Bioitfa bn Nbumfmiý` Eìsimf. Föc ?, @ul. =9 (lfrzc-fjria bn :865) dttp;//nlfse.wnjmi`bfric.mcl >> bn fatf i`tn`sibfb n` luknrn luk nrnss snbn`t snbn`tfri frifs fs mc` oai oaimnl mnlif if jfsfa jfsfa fatnrf fatnrfbf bf n dip dipnrm nrmcan canstn stnrca rcanli nlif. f. Znvistf Lébimf bn Mdian, 626, 6:9=-6:99. 2.

Lf`miaaf, Zcbrioc, Rcrrns, Xfcaf, Æavfrnz, Mristif`, ]mdieenrai, I`orib, ]fpu`fr, Kcron, & Bìfz, Nrig. (:862). Nknrmimic eìsimc i`tnrvæaimc bn fatf i`tn`sibfb lnkc ln kcrf rf na mc mc`t `trc rcaa oaim oaimél élim imc c y af mf mfpf pfmi mibf bfb b fn fnrý rýji jimf mf n` pf pfmi min` n`tn tnss mc mc` ` i`t i`tcan anrf rf` `mif f af oaumcsf. Znvistf lébimf bn Mdian, 62: (6), =2dttps;//bx.bci.cro/68.285?/]88=2-944?:862 ?/]88=2-944?:862888688885 888688885 =9. dttps;//bx.bci.cro/68.285