Actividad 1

 

MLZSMSWSD CG GZSWCMDZ WLMPG[ZMSB[MDZ IBGZS[MB GL BCIMLMZS[BJMÚL CG MLZSMSWJMDLGZ CG ZBNWC

Bnuild6 Imaugn Âlagn Baumnbr Ânvbrgz Ibtrmjunb6 2;;:10 Arupd6 ZK:3 Ibtgrmb6 Urdygjtd cg Mlldvbjmúl M Cdjgltg6 Itrb. Fubl Jbrnds [bkbad Ubnb`dx Bjtmvm Bjt mvmcbc cbc cg Bpr Bprglc glcmzb mzbfg fg 2. Nb mipdrtbljmb cg nb mlvgstmabjmúl gl gn cgsbrrdnnd cgn jdldjmimgltd y nb mlldvbjmúl.

Zbltmbad cg Rugrítbrd, Rrd. 25 cg Badstd cgn ;5;5.

 

[gbnmzb ulb séltgsms blbnétmjb cg nb ngjturb rgbnmzbcb M.

Mltrdcujjmúl

Gxmstg Gxm stgl l prd prdygj ygjtds tds cg mlv mlvgst gstmab mabjmú jmúl l y cg `dr `dribj ibjmúl múl,, sml gik gikbra brad, d, bn fultbr fultbr nbs cds pbnbkrbs, gs prgjmsd rgbnmzbr ul mljmsd y cgtglgrlds b blbnmzbr nd qug gstd supdlg. Nb mlvgstma mlvgstmabjmúl bjmúl rgimtg b nb gxpndrbjm gxpndrbjmúl úl cg ul tgib gspg gspgjé`m jé`mjd, jd, sm gsd nd vmljunbids vmljunbids b nb `dribjmúl, dktglgids ul prdygjtd qug pdcgids cg`mlmr bsé6 bqugn qug sg jgltrb gl nb mlcbabjmúl cg ul hgjhd y juyds rgsuntbcds sdl dkfgtd cg `dribjmúl gl cmjhb ibtgrmb. Zm nds rgsuntbcds `ugsgl gn pultd `mlbn cgn prdjgsd, sgréb ul prdygjtd cg mlvgstmabjmúl? sml gikbrad, gl gstg jbsd sg trbtb cg pdlgr gl prâjtmjb nds rgsuntbcds cg nb mlcbabjmúl pbrb qug sg jdl jdlvmg vmgrtb rtbl l gl ibt ibtgrm grmb b `dr `dribt ibtmvb mvb?? hbk hbknbi nbids, ds, glt gltdlj dljgs gs cg mlmjmb mlmjmbtmv tmvbs bs jdl ul prdpúsmtd cdkng y jdipngigltbrmd. Nbs jbrbjtgréstmjbs cg ul prdygjtd cg mlvgstmabjmúl y `dribjmúl cgpglcgl gl kuglb igcmcb cgn pnbl cg trbkbfd gskdzbcd. Ld gs nd imsid, gnbkdrbr ul jrdldarbib pbrb ulb mlcbabjmúl hmstúrmjb qug pbrb dtrb rgnbjmdlbcd jdl nb quéimjb. Bhdrb kmgl, sé qug sg pugcg cg`mlmr ul jdlfultd cg bspgjtds gstrbtíamjds qug, iâs bnnâ cgn ârgb cg mltgrvgljmúl, gstâl prgsgltgs gl nds prdygjtds cg gstg tmpd6 

Ubrtg cg ul prdkngib cg mlvgstmabjmúl d hmpútgsms, su hgrrbimgltb kbsg gs gn iítdcd jmglté`mjd, jdl nd jubn nb ibtrmz qug nd bnmigltb gs ulb prgaultb, cucb d bspgjtd sdkrg gn qug ld gxmstb jnbrmcbc.

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Gstâ vmljunbcd b ul bspgjtd cg nb rgbnmcbc, ld gs igrb gnujukrbjmúl? nbs hmpútgsms cgkgl aubrcbr rgnbjmúl jdl nds bspgjtds cg nb rgbnmcbc qug sg cg`mlgl jdid dkfgtds cg gstucmd. Cgn imsid idcd, b nb hdrb cg trbcujmr nds rgsuntbcds b ibtgrmbn `dribtmvd, cgkg hbjgrsg tglmglcd gl jugltb qug nb tgdréb sg bjgrqug nd iâs pdsmkng b nb rgbnmcbc qug hb smcd gstucmbcb.

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Wtmnmzb Wtmn mzb iítd iítdcds cds rmaurd rmaurdsds. sds. Gl ul prdy prdygj gjtd td cg gs gstg tg tmpd tmpd,, nb rgjdn rgjdngj gjjm jmúl úl cg nb ml`dribjmúl cgkg sgaumr jmgrtb rmaurdsmcbc y gstbr jdltrbstbcb y prdkbcb. Cg gstd cgpglcgrâ gn íxmtd cg sus rgsuntbcds.

Nb sbnuc gs ulb cg nbs kbsgs cgn cgsbrrdnnd huibld, gs bnad qug cgkg sgr abrbltmzbcd y prdtgamcd pdr tdcds nds igcmds. Nb sbnuc gl sé, gs ul gfg rgnbjmdlbcd jdl nb prdcujtmvmcbc, `drib pbrtg cgn jdljgptd cg kmglgstbr y cgn jdljgptd cg jbnmcbc cg vmcb, y hbad igljmúl cg gstd trbtblcd cg gl`btmzbr su mipdrtbljmb b lmvgn sdjmbn, smglcd tbikmíl jdlsmcgrbcb ul mlcmjbcdr cg prdargsd gjdlúimjd. Nb sbnuc gs ulb cg nbs kbsgs cgn cgsbrrdnnd huibld, gs bnad qug cgkg sgr abrbltmzbcd y prdtgamcd pdr tdcds nds igcmds. Nb sbnuc gl sé, gs ul gfg rgnbjmdlbcd

 

jdl nb prdcujtmvmcbc, `drib pbrtg cgn jdljgptd cg kmglgstbr y cgn jdljgptd cg jbnmcbc cg vmcb, y hbad igljmúl cg gstd trbtblcd cg gl`btmzbr su mipdrtbljmb b lmvgn sdjmbn, smglcd tbikmíl jdlsmcgrbcb ul mlcmjbcdr cg prdargsd gjdlúimjd. Nb sbnuc gs ulb cg nbs kbsgs cgn cgsbrrdnnd huibld, gs bnad qug cgkg sgr abrbltmzbcd y prdtgamcd pdr tdcds nds igcmds. Nb sbnuc gl sé, gs ul gfg rgnbjmdlbcd jdl nb prdcujtmvmcbc, `drib pbrtg cgn jdljgptd cg kmglgstbr y cgn jdljgptd cg jbnmcbc cg vmcb, y hbad igljmúl cg gstd trbtblcd cg gl`btmzbr su mipdrtbljmb b lmvgn sdjmbn, smglcd tbikmíl jdlsmcgrbcb ul mlcmjbcdr cg prdargsd gjdlúimjd.

MM.

Cgsbrrdnnd

Ubrb nb mcgltm`mjbjmúl cgn prdygjtd d tétund cgn tgib, sg cgkg tglgr gl jugltb sus prdpmds mltgrg mlt grgsgs sgs bjb bjbcíi cíimjd mjdss y sdj sdjmbn mbngs, gs, sus jbp jbpbjm bjmcbc cbcgs gs y cgs cgstrg trgzbs zbs gl mlv mlvgst gstmab mabjmú jmúl, l, nb cmig cmigls lsmú múl l bpnm bpnmjb jbcb cb cg cgnn tg tgib ib pbrb pbrb nb bjjm bjjmúl úl sd sdjm jmbn bn,, su `d `dri ribj bjmú múl l y nb gx gxpg pgrm rmgl gljm jmb b mlvg mlvgst stma mabt btmv mvb b cgn cgn cmrg cmrgjt jtdr dr d tu tutd tdrr cg cgnn prdy prdygj gjtd td cg ml mlvg vgst stma mabj bjmú múl. l. Sr Srbs bs ulb ulb kr krgv gvg g mltrdcujjmúl, nds butdrgs gxpdlgl jbcb uld cg nds bpbrtbcds qug cgkgl jdltgipnbrsg gl gstg tmpd cg trbkbfds, jdiglzblcd pdr nds bspgjtds qug cgkgl `bjmnmtbr nb mcgltm`mjbjmúl cgn imsid6 

Sétund (jnbrd y jdljmsd), butdr (tmtunbjmúl prgjgcgltg), nélgb cg mlvgstmabjmúl, cmrgjtdr  qug cmrmag y pbnbkrbs jnbvg (gltrg 7 y 25, y drcglâlcdsg cg nd iâs aglgrbn b nd iâs pbrtmjunbr).

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Gn trbkbfd jdimglzb jdl nb fustm`mjbjm  fustm`mjbjmúl úl cg nb mlvgstmab mlvgstmabjmúl jmúl, gl nb qug gn mlvgstmabcdr  cgkg gxpnmjmtbr nds idtmvds y rbzdlgs cgn tgib gsjdamcd, pucmglcd brauigltbr cgscg rbzdlgs jmglté`mjbs, sdjmbngs, pdnétmjbs, bjbcíimjbs, pgrsdlbngs d prd`gsmdlbngs. Nbs rbzdlgs prmljmpbngs, sml cucb, sdl nbs jmglté`mjbs, d sgb, nbs qug hbjgl rg`grgljmb bn prdargsd cgn jdldjmimgltd sdkrg ul cgtgrimlbcd prdkngib y dkfgtd cg gstucmd, pgrd tb tbik ikmí míl l hby hby qu qug g tg tglg lgrr gl jugl jugltb tb nbs nbs rb rbzd zdlg lgss sdjm sdjmbn bngs gs y pd pdnénétm tmjb jbs, s, yb qu qug g gn jdldjmimgltd gs pbrb nb bjjmúl, pbrb gn jbikmd sdjmbn, pbrb rgsdnvgr prdkngibs y

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jdl`nmjtds sdjmbngs.  B jdltmlubjmúl, sg cgkg prdjgcgr b nb cgnmimtbjmúl cgn prdkngib d tgib cg gstucmd  cg nd qug sg prgtglcg mlvgstmabr6 quí prdkngib tgúrmjd sg qumgrg bkdrcbr gl rgnbjmúl bn dkfgtd dkfgt d cg gstucmd y quí bspgjtd bspgjtd d bspgj bspgjtds tds cgn imsid sg prgtg prgtglcg lcg mlvgstmabr, mlvgstmabr, yb qug tdcb mlvgstmabjmúl sg cmsgòb pbrb cbr rgspugstb b ulb sgrmg cg mljgrtmcuikrgs d maldrbljmbs qug sg tmglgl sdkrg ul bsultd jdljrgtd. Zg trbtb, pdr tbltd, cg mcgltm`mjbr  gn prdkngib cg mlvgstmabjmúl mlvgstmabjmúl, tglmglcd gl jugltb qug ístg sgb bjdtbkng, rgbnmstb, bjtubn y bpnmjbcd.

Wlb mlvgstmabjmúl tmglg rgngvbljmb jmglté`mjb sm buigltb gn jdldjmimgltd cgn dkfgtd cg gstucmd gstucm d y tmglg rgngv rgngvbljmb bljmb sdjmbn sm pgrim pgrimtg tg rgsdnvgr jdl`nmjt jdl`nmjtds ds sdjmbngs d jdlt jdltrmkuy rmkuyg g b su

 

rgsdnujmúl, pdr tbltd sdl cds jugstmdlgs jdipngigltbrmbs. Cg bhé qug gn prdkngib cg mlvgstmabjmúl cgkb rg`grmrsg tbltd bn jdldjmimgltd cg nbs rgnbjmdlgs sdjmbngs jdid b nb bjjmúl, mipunsblcd gn jbikmd sdjmbn. Bn rgspgjtd, lugstrb gxpgrmgljmb gl gstb ârgb lds nngvb b rgjdldjgr ulb `ugrtg tglcgljmb b nds gstucmds cg tmpd cgsjrmptmvd qug pgrimtgl jdldjg jdl djgrr nb rgb rgbnmc nmcbc bc `rg `rgltg ltg b nbs gxp gxpgrm grmglj gljmbs mbs qug `bv `bvdrg drgjgl jgl nb mip mipngi ngiglt gltbjm bjmúl úl cg prdarbibs cg mltgrvgljmúl. Gl gstg sgltmcd, nb mlvgstmabjmúl tmglg jdid pultd cg pbrtmcb nds vbjéds qug tglgids gl gn jdldjmimgltd cgn dkfgtd cg gstucmd y jdid pultd cg nngabcb nbs bpdrtbjmdlgs qug trbgrâ nb mlvgstmabjmúl sdkrg gn imsid, bikds rgjdamcds jdid prdkn prd kngi gib b cg ml mlvg vgst stma mabj bjmú múl. l. Gstd Gstdss vbjé vbjéds ds prdj prdjgc gcgl gl cg ul ulb b rg rgvm vmsm smúl úl bipn bipnmb mb cg nb kmknmdarb`éb y cg nb bjtmvmcbc prd`gsmdlbn. 

Nb rgvmsmúl cg nb nmtgrbturb cmspdlmkng sdkrg ul tgib jdljrgtd gs ulb cg nbs `bsgs iâs mipdrtbltgs cg tdcd prdjgsd cg mlvgstmabjmúl. Nds mlvgstmabcdrgs lgjgsmtbl sbkgr nd qug sg hb mlvgstmabcd jdl bltgrmdrmcbc pbrb ld sgr rgculcbltgs gl sus mlvgstmabjmdlgs y bvblzbr gl gn jdldjmimgltd. Bcgiâs, gs lgjgsbrmd cgsjrmkmr nbs cm`grgltgs gstrbtgambs cg kösqugcb cdjuigltbn utmnmzbcbs, pugs nb rgngvbljmb cg nb rgvmsmúl kmknmdarâ`mjb cgpglcg cgn prdjgsd sgaumcd pbrb su kösqugcb y cgn trbtbimgltd cg nb kmknmdarb`éb rgjupgrbcb. Wl jrmtgrmd jdipngigltbrmd pbrb gn blânmsms cg nb kmknmdarb`éb gs idstrbr nbs rgn rgnbjm bjmdlg dlgss glt gltrg rg nds cm`grg cm`grgltg ltgss gst gstucm ucmds ds qug hgi hgids ds ibl iblgfb gfbcd. cd. Ids Idstrb trbrr bqu bqugnn gnnbs bs jdmljm jdm ljmcgl cgljmb jmbs, s, jdipng jdipngigl igltbr tbrmgc mgcbc bc d cmv cmvgra graglj gljmbs mbs cg nds but butdrg drgss d cdj cdjuig uigltd ltdss blbnmzbcds. Nb kmknmdarb`éb lds byucb b smtubrlds gl ulb cgtgrimlbcb jdrrmgltg cg pglsbimgltd. Ubrb Ibrtmlgz (;555), ibrjbr nbs cm`grgljmbs gs ulb iblgrb cg mlcmjbr nb ldvgcbc y nbs pdsmkngs bpdrtbjmdlgs cg nb prdpmb drmgltbjmúl tgúrmjb d igtdcdnúamjb. 

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Nb `ul `ulcbi cbiglt gltbjm bjmúl úl tgú tgúrmj rmjb, b, jmg jmglté lté`mj `mjb b y sdj sdjmbn mbn cg nb mlv mlvgst gstmab mabjmú jmúl l , yb qu qug g td tdcb cb mlvgst mlv gstmab mabjmú jmúl l cgk cgkg g sus sustgl tgltbr tbrsg sg gl ul pds pdsmjm mjmdlb dlbimg imgltd ltd tgúrmj tgúrmjd, d, pdtglj pdtgljmbn mbnigl igltg tg gxpn gxpnmj mjbt btmv mvd d cgn cgn `g `glú lúig igld ld qu qug g sg prgt prgtgl glcg cg bk bkdr drcb cbrr qu qug g bv bvbn bng g nb pr prdp dpug ugst stb b cg mlvgstmabjmúl, qug pugcb gxpnmjbr nb tgiâtmjb prdpugstb y qug fustm`mqug nb igtdcdndaéb qug sg prgtglcg utmnmzbr, bcgiâs cg rgb`mribr nb prdpmb drmgltbjmúl tgúrmjb, sukrbyb nbs cm`grgljmbs rgspgjtd b dtrbs mlvgstmabjmdlgs. Gl gstg bpbrtbcd, sg hbrâ ulb cgsjrmpjmúl cg bnaulds jdljgptds kâsmjds d cgnmimtbjmúl jdljgptubn qug sg vbl b utmnmzbr gl nb mlvgstmabjmúl qug prdjgcgl cg nb drmgltbjmúl tgúrmjb cg nb mlvgstmabjmúl, sgngjjmdlblcd nds jdljgptds b pbrtmr cg nb rgvmsmúl kmknmdarâ`mjb, ulb `drib cg gxpdlgr jdid sg vb b jdlcujmr nb mlvgstmabjmúl. Ubrb tgrimlbr gstg bpbrtbcd, gs lgjgsbrmd hbjgr rg`grgljmb b nds dkfgtmvds y `mlbnmcbcgs.

 

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Gn ibrjd gipérmjd rgjdag tdcd gn prdjgsd igtdcdnúamjd, mjbr gn igtdcdnúamjd, qug jdlsmstg gl gxpn mjbr prdkngib y dkfgtd cg lugstrb mlvgstmabjmúl, nb iugstrb d pdknbjmúl dkfgtd cg gstucmd, nbs tíjlmjbs qug sg vbl b gipngbr gl nb rgjdamcb cg cbtds y pdr quí y pbrb quí sg vb b utmnmzbr jbcb ulb cg gnnbs, bcgiâs cg quí usd sg ngs vb b cbr gl nb mlvgstmabjmúl, y nds rgjursds pgrsdlbngs y ibtgrmbngs lgjgsbrmds qug sg rgqumgrgl pbrb junimlbr jdl íxmtd gn prdjgsd. Sbikmíl gs iuy mipdrtbltg prgvgr y jdljrgtbr gn tmgipd tdtbn qug gxmamrâ nb mlvgstmabjmúl qug sg prdpdlg y jbcb ulb cg sus pbrtgs d gngigltds (tgipdrbnmzbjmúl  cg nb mlvgstmabjmúl). Gs lgjgsbrmd gnbkdrbr ul jrdldarbib jdl ulb gstmibjmúl cgn tmgipd cg nb curbjmúl cg jbcb `bsg, bcgiâs cg nbs tbrgbs qug sg vbl b rgbnmzbr, cgtbnnblcd quí bjtmvmcbcgs sg vbl b rgbnmzbr gl jbcb ulb cg gnnbs. Bsé imsid rgjdag gn blânmsms cg nds cbtds, cgtgrimlblcd gn prdjgcmimgltd qug sg vb b sgaumr, quí tíjlmjbs sg vbl b gipngbr, júid sg vbl b utmnmzbr y pbrb quí. Gn smaumgltg pbsd sgréb drcglbr tdcd nd bltgrmdr gl nb cmrgjjmúl cg prgsgltbr rgsuntbcds y jdljnusmdlgs sdkrg lugstrd prdkngib y dkfgtd cg mlvgstmabjmúl.

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blânmsms nmsms cg cbtd cbtds s’, cdlc Zg pbsbréb bn „blâ cdlcg g hb hbkr kréb éb qu qug g rg rgsp spdl dlcg cgrr b nb nbss smau smaumg mglt ltgs gs prgaultbs6 ´júid rgspdlcg nb mlvgs prgaultbs6 mlvgstmabj tmabjmúl múl b nbs hmpútgsm hmpútgsmss d supugs supugstds tds qug auébl gn

gstu gstucm cmd d y b nbs nbs mltg mltgrr rrda dabl bltg tgss cgn cgn im imsi sid4 d4 ´J ´Juâ uâng ngss sd sdl l nb nbss jd jdlj ljnu nusm smdlg dlgss cg nb mlvgstmabj mlvgs tmabjmúl4 múl4 ´Ruí prdpug prdpugstbs stbs sg cgcujg cgcujgl l pbrb nb mltgr mltgrvgljm vgljmúl úl sdjmb sdjmbn4 n4 Bcgiâs Bcgiâs,, cgkgrébids rgjdagr gl nb kmknmdarb`éb  sdnd bqugnnds cdjuigltds qug sg hbl cmsjutmcd d gvbn gvbnub ubcd cd gl nb im imsi sib, b, y nds nds Bl Blgx gxds ds gl nd ndss qu qug g sg ml mljn jnuy uyg g hbkm hbkmtu tubn bnig iglt ltg g nd ndss mlstruigltds qug gn mlvgstmabcdr vb b gipngbr gl gn Srbkbfd cg Jbipd, gl gn Urdjgsd cg Blânmsms cg nds cbtds d gl nb prgsgltbjmúl cg nds rgsuntbcds. 

Gs mipdrtbltg mipdrtbltg gn jdipn jdipngigltb gigltbrr nds rgjursds y prgsupugstds, cg`mlmr jdl jnbrmcbc nds rgjurs rgj ursds ds qug vbl b sgr lgjgs lgjgsbrm brmds ds pbr pbrb b jun juniml imlbr br jdl íxmtd nb mlv mlvgst gstmab mabjmú jmúl l y gn prgs prgsup upug ugst std d lg lgjg jgsb sbrm rmd d pbrb pbrb gnnd gnnd.. Sd Sdcb cbss sus sus pr prgd gdju jupb pbjm jmdl dlgs gs nb nbss jg jglt ltrb rbl l gl nb mlvgstmabjmúl imsib, gs cgjmr, gl gn tgib cg mlvgstmabjmúl, nb rgvmsmúl kmknmdarâ`mjb, gn blânmsms blânm sms d nbs jdljnusmd jdljnusmdlgs. lgs. Ugrd, sugng sugngl l dnvmc dnvmcbr br bnad tbl `ulcbigltbn `ulcbigltbn jdid cmspdlgr  cg igcmds pbrb hbjgr nb mlvgstmabjmúl qug prdpdlgl. Mlaglubigltg pmglsbl qug ul prdygjtd cg mlvgstmabjmúl gs ulb bjtmvmcbc bjbcíimjb y bntrumstb. ] dnvmcbl qug ulb mlvgst mlv gstmab mabjmú jmúl l gs, g`g g`gjtm jtmvbi vbiglt gltg, g, ulb tbr tbrgb gb bjb bjbcíi cíimjb mjb,, pgr pgrd d qug rgqumg rgqumgrg rg tmgipd tmgipd,, rgjursds y prgsupugstd pbrb su gfgjujmúl.

Ubrb Idltgs cgn Jbstmnnd (;52;), gs lgjgsbrmd bsuimr gl gn prdygjtd cg mlvgstmabjmúl nb igtdcdndaéb cg nb Mlvgstmabjmúl Bjjmúl. Sdcd prdygjtd cg mlvgstmabjmúl cgkg imrbr hbjmb nb mltgrvgljmúl sdjmbn jdl gn dkfgtd cg juipnmr cds tbrgbs `ulcbigltbngs6 Mlvgstmabr d

 

buigltbr gn jdldjmimgltd sdkrg nb rgbnmcbc sdjmbn y, bn imsid tmgipd, igfdrbr nb vmcb cg nds arupds huiblds.

B nb nuz cg nd rgvmsbcd gl gn kndqug y nd gxpugstd gl gn brtéjund rgvmsbcd, rgspdlcg b nbs smaumgltgs prgaultbs6 2.- ´Ud ´Udrr qu quíí gs mipdr mipdrtbl tbltg tg nb mlv mlvgst gstmab mabjmú jmúl l jmg jmglté lté`mj `mjbb gl nb agl aglgrb grbjmú jmúl l cg jdldjmimgltd4 Gl nb bjtubnmcbc vmvmids gl ul iulcd cg mlldvbjmúl, nb bjtubnmzbjmúl gl nds tgibs cg sbnuc, y iâs hdy gl céb jdl tdcd nd qug gstbids vmvmglcd b lmvgn iulcmbn jdl nb pblcgi pbl cgimb mb cgn Jdv Jdvmcmc-2= 2= gs lgj lgjgsb gsbrmb rmb nb mlv mlvgst gstmab mabjmú jmúl, l, yb ld sdn sdnd d jdi jdid d idc idcgnd gnd cg aglgrbjmúl cg jdldjmimgltds, smld qug pdr mlstmltd cg supgrvmvgljmb sg tmglg qug aglgrbr. Gn sgr huibld fustm`mjb su gxmstgljmb gl gn iulcd jublcd trbtb cg gltglcgr nds `glúiglds qug sujgcgl gl su gltdrld, kbsâlcdsg gl mcgbs b nbs qug hb nnbibcd „jmgljmb’. Gstbs mcgbs sg jbrbjtgrmzbl pdr sgr ul jdldjmimgltd rbjmdlbn, igcmkng, vgrm`mjbkng, gxbjtd y `bnmkng. `bnmk ng. Udr tbn rbzúl, gn dkfgtmv dkfgtmvd d cg nb jmglj jmgljmb mb gs hbjgr gn iulcd iâs jdl`drtbkn jdl`drtbkng g pbrb gn hdikrg. Nb huiblmcbc jdl gn trblsjursd cgn tmgipd hb bprglcmcd qug gn jdldjmimgltd jdldjmimgltd ld gs jdlvgljmdlbn, y hb gltglcmcd nb mipdrtbljmb cg nb gxpgrmgljmb gl nb jdiprglsmúl y jdltrd jdl trdnn cg `gl `glúig úiglds lds y hgj hgjhds hds.. Ugr Ugrd d nb gxp gxpgrm grmglj gljmb mb ld abrblt abrbltmzb mzb qug nb hmpútg hmpútgsms sms pnbltgbcb sgb nb ölmjb vgrcbcgrb, cgkmcd b qug gl ul nbpsd mlcgtgrimlbcd pugcgl suramr  iâs tgdrébs qug gxpnmqugl igfdr d cg iblgrb iâs bjgrtbcb nb rgbnmcbc blbnmzbcb. Ubrb Bkgnnd, [. (;55=) nb mlvgstmabjmúl sg rgbnmzb b trbvís cg trbkbfds gxpgrmigltbngs d tgúrmjds, jdl gn `ml cg jdldjgr d jdiprglcgr bcgjubcbigltg nds `glúiglds d hgjhds dksgrvbkngs, sml pglsbr gl gn idigltd gl bnaulb bpnmjbjmúl d utmnmzbjmúl cgtgrimlbcb Cg gstb `drib, nb jmgljmb hb dsjmnbcd cgn bzbr b nb lgjgsmcbc, cg nd `drtumtd b nd pnblm`mjbcd, cg nb jdltmlumcbc b nb cmsjdltmlumcbc, cg nd pbrtmjunbr b nd aglgrbn. Gl bnaulbs djbsmdlgs, nb butdrmcbc jmglté`mjb ld kbsb sus cgjmsmdlgs gxjnusmvbigltg gl nds hgjhds y gl nbs nbs ib ibtg tgiâ iâtmtmjb jbs, s, smld smld gl bpug bpugst stbs bs d mltu mltumj mjmd mdlg lgss qu qug g cgpg cgpglc lcgl gl cg nd ndss vb vbnd ndrgs rgs gpmstíimjds mipugstds pdr nb sdjmgcbc gl cdlcg sg cgsbrrdnnbl nbs bjtmvmcbcgs cg nb jmgljmb.

 

;.- ´Juâltd jdlsmcgrbs qug hb jdltrmkumcd nb mlvgstmabjmúl gl gn cgsbrrdnnd cg nb jmgljmb d cmsjmpnmlb gl nb qug sg mlsgrtb tu prdarbib cg `dribjmúl bjbcíimjb4 Ubrb im âikmtd cg gl`grigréb hb smcd nb jdltrmkujmúl gl ul 255%, yb qug gl sus mlmjmds sg vgéb jdid ul d`mjmd, ibs ld jdid ulb prd`gsmúl, b trbvís cg nb mlvgstmabjmúl sg b jdlv jdlvgr grtmtmcd cd gl ulb ulb jmgl jmgljm jmb, b, `u `ulc lcbi bigl gltb tbcb cb y jd jdl l ul iítd iítdcd cd jmgl jmglté té`m`mjd jd gl sus sus prdj prdjgc gcmi mimg mglt ltds ds.. Gl nb bj bjtu tubn bnmc mcbc bc,, nb mlvg mlvgst stma mabj bjmú múl l gl sb sbnu nuc c gx gxpg pgrm rmig iglt ltb b ul ulb b mlstmtujmdlbnmzbjmúl arbcubn jdid `bjtdr cg drmgltbjmúl y jbikmd gl gn sgjtdr sbnuc gl nds pbésgs cg mlargsds igcmds y kbfds. Urugkb cg gnnd sdl nds gs`ugrzds pdr mltrdcujmr nb igcmjmlb igcmj mlb y gl`gri gl`grigréb gréb sdkrg kbsgs jmglté`mjb jmglté`mjbs, s, nb vmamn vmamnbljmb bljmb pbrtmjmp pbrtmjmpbtmvb btmvb cg nb jbnmc jbnmcbc, bc, nb jdipbrbjmúl smstgiâtmjb cg rgsuntbcds cg cgsgipgòd y gn bprglcmzbfg jdipbrtmcd cg gxpgrmgljmbs cg rg`drib b nds smstgibs cg sbnuc. Nb mlvgstmabjmúl gstrbtíamjb, gltglcmcb jdid jdi d bqu bqugnn gnnb b juy juyd d jdl jdldjm djmimg imgltd ltd sg gl` gl`djb djb gl nb rgs rgsdnu dnujmú jmúl l cg prd prdkng kngibs ibs,, mlt mltglt gltb b cmsimlumr nb arbl vbrmbkmnmcbc qug jbrbjtgrmzb b nb prâjtmjb iícmjb y bn cgsgipgòd cg nds sgrvmjmds cg sbnuc gl nds âikmtds lbjmdlbn g mltgrlbjmdlbn? cg gsb `drib gs pdsmkng ndarbr  ibydrr g`mj ibyd g`mjmg mglj ljmb mb,, jbnm jbnmcb cbc c y gq gqum umcb cbc c gl nds nds rgju rgjurs rsds ds pökn pöknmj mjds ds.. Nb ut utmnmnmz mzbj bjmú múl l cg nb mlvgstmabjmúl pdr nds prd`gsmdlbngs cg sbnuc hb rgjmkmcd pbrtmjunbr btgljmúl gl rgnbjmúl jdl nbs igc igcmcb mcbss cg `dr `drtbn tbngjm gjmimg imgltd ltd cg nds sms smstgi tgibs bs cg mlvgst mlvgstmab mabjmú jmúl l gl sbn sbnuc. uc. Zg hbl blbnmzbcd nbs cmspdsmjmdlgs pbrb igfdrbr nb agstmúl cgn jdldjmimgltd cgltrd cgn sgjtdr  sbnuc y sg hbl pugstd gl prâjtmjb prdarbibs cg jbpbjmtbjmúl, tbltd cg mlvgstmabcdrgs gl gn prdjgsd cg cm`usmúl y cmsgimlbjmúl jdid cg usubrmds gl gn prdjgsd cg cgiblcb y bpnmjbjmúl. Gstucmds y rgvmsmdlgs smstgiâtmjbs bpbrgjmcds gl nbs puknmjbjmdlgs sdkrg gn prdjgsd cg utmnmzbjmúl cg nb mlvgstmabjmúl hbl cgnmlgbcd nb lgjgsmcbc cg gstbkngjgr ulb rgnbjmúl tgiprblb, mltglsb, pgrsdlbn, jdltmlub y cg nbrad pnbzd gltrg nds mlvgstmabcdrgs y nds tdibcdrgs cg cgjmsmdlgs pbrb pdlgr gl prâjtmjb gs`ugrzds cg prdidjmúl, mltgrbjjmúl y cgiblcb cg mlvgstmabjmúl. Gn `drtbngjmimgltd cg nbs mltgr`bjgs gltrg nb mlvgstmabjmúl y nds sgrv sgrvmmjm jmds ds cg sbnuc bnuc sg hb mcglt cgltm` m`mmjbcd jbcd jdi jdid ul ulb b igcm igcmcb cb jnb nbvg vg pb pbrb rb nda darb rbrr gn bprdvgjhbimgltd cg nds rgsuntbcds cg mlvgstmabjmúl.

:.- ´Ruí tmpd cg gl`dqug igtdcdnúamjd jdlsmcgrbs qug pgrimtg bprdxmibrsg cg igfdr iblgrb bn dkfgtd cg gstucmd cg tu cmsjmpnmlb, jubltmtbtmvd d jubnmtbtmvd4 Gxmstgl Gxmst gl cm`gr cm`grgltgs gltgs jbimlds pbrb mlcbab mlcbabrr nb rgbnm rgbnmcbc cbc sdjmb sdjmbn.n. Nb mlvgs mlvgstmabj tmabjmúl múl jmglté`mj jmglté`mjb b gl gl gn âikmtd cg gl`grigréb sg pugcg bkdrcbr cgscg cds pbrbcmaibs d bntgrlbtmvbs

 

igtdcd igt dcdnúa núamjb mjbs6 s6 jub jubltm ltmtbt tbtmvb mvb y jub jubnmt nmtbtm btmvb. vb. Jbcb Jbcb ulb tmglg tmglg su prdpmb prdpmb `ulcbi `ulcbiglt gltbjm bjmúl úl gpms gpmstg tgid idnú núam amjb jb,, cmsg cmsgòd òdss ig igtd tdcd cdnú núam amjd jds, s, tí tíjl jlmj mjbs bs g ml mlst stru ruig iglt ltds ds bj bjdr drcg cgss jd jdl l nb lbturbngzb cg nds dkfgtds cg gstucmd, nbs smtubjmdlgs sdjmbngs y nbs prgaultbs qug sg pnbltgbl nds mlvgstmabcdrgs kmgl jdl gn prdpúsmtd cg gxpnmjbr, jdiprglcgr d trbls`dribr nb rgbnmcbc. Nb mlvgstmabjmúl jubltmtbtmvb sg mlspmrb qug sg tmglg nb lgjgsmcbc cg jubltm`mjbr rgsuntbcds, qug qug lds lds pgr pgrim imtg tgl l nb dksg dksgrv rvbj bjmú múl l qug qug rg rgqu qummgr grg gl cg jmgr jmgrttb pr prg gjms jmsmú múl l pbr brb b nb gxpgrmigltbjmúl jnélmjb d iblgfd cg cdsms qug lds byucbl bn kmgl gstbr cg nds pbjmgltgs. Nb mlvgstmabjmúl jubnmtbtmvb pdr su pbrtg, lds cb rgspugstb igcmbltg nb dksgrvbjmúl, bspgjtds psmjdsdjmbngs qug lds hbjg cbr rgspugstb b nbs lgjgsmcbcgs huiblbs, pgrjmkmr  qug ng hbjg `bntb b lugstrd pbjmgltg pbrb ul jdipngtd gstbcd cg kmgl gstbr.

3.- ´Júid cgsjrmkmrébs nb rgnbjmúl gltrg mlvgstmabjmúl g mlldvbjmúl4 Nb mlvg mlvgst stma mabj bjmú múl l sg pugc pugcg g cg cg`m`mlm lmrr tb tbik ikmí míl l jdid jdid Mb bj bjjm jmúl úl y gn g` g`gj gjtd td cg rg rgbn bnmz mzbr  br  bjtmvm bjt mvmcbc cbcgs gs mlt mltgng gngjtu jtubng bngss y gxp gxpgrm grmigl igltbn tbngs gs cg idc idcd d smstgi smstgiâtm âtmjd jd jdl gn prd prdpús púsmtd mtd cg buigltbr nds jdldjmimgltds sdkrg ulb cgtgrimlbcb ibtgrmb y tglmglcd jdid `ml bipnmbr  gn jdldjmimgltd jmglté`mjd, sml pgrsgaumr, gl prmljmpmd, lmlaulb bpnmjbjmúl prâjtmjb. Gn jdld jdldjm jmim imgl gltd td y nb mlld mlldvb vbjm jmúl úl bpbr bpbrgj gjgl gl,, pd pdrr nd tb tblt ltd, d, jd jdid id cd cdss gn gngi gigl gltd tdss jdlsustbljmbngs bn cgsbrrdnnd cg nbs sdjmgcbcgs idcgrlbs, hbl aglgrbcd bn imsid tmgipd ul mltglsd cgkbtg gl gn âikmtd bjbcíimjd sdkrg nb vbnmcgz y bnjbljg cg nds imsids. Ubrb jdiprglcgr jdipr glcgr nb rgnbj rgnbjmúl múl cgkgi cgkgids ds bprdx bprdxmibrld mibrldss cgscg cds pgrspg pgrspgjtmv jtmvbs bs cm`grg cm`grgltgs, ltgs, pgrd gstrgjhbigltg mltgrrgnbjmdlbcbs. Nb prmigrb pgrspgjtmvb gxpndrb gn pbpgn qug cgsgipgòb nb bpnmjbjmúl cgn jdldjmimgltd gl nds prdjgsds cg aglgrbjmúl cg cmjhd jdldjmimgltd. Nb sgaulcb sgaulc b pgrspgjtmv pgrspgjtmvb b `djbnmzb gn blânm blânmsms sms gl gn pbpgn qug fugab nb jmglj jmgljmb mb gl nds prdjgsds cg mlldvbjmúl tgjldnúamjb, gs cgjmr, gn pbpgn cg nb jmgljmb jdid `ugltg cg mlldvbjmúl. Cg nb prmigrb pgrspgjtmvb cbl jugltb `ulcbigltbnigltg nds gl`dqugs sdjmdnúamjds sdkrg nb jmgljmb, imgltrbs qug nb sgaulcb gstâ iâs rgnbjmdlbcb jdl nds gl`dqugs sdkrg gn prdjgsd mlldvbcdr cgsbrrdnnbcds gl gn jbipd cg nb gjdldiéb y nb agstmúl cg giprgsbs. Gl bikds jbsds, tbn jdid sg hb igljmdlbcd, sg hb gvmcgljmbcd ulb gvdnujmúl gl nbs vmsmdlgs cdimlbltgs, nd jubn, sm kmgl hb sgrvmcd pbrb rgspdlcgr bnaulds mltgrrdabltgs, hb aglgrbcd lugvbs cucbs jdl rgspgjtd b nb lbturbngzb cg nb rgnbjmúl jmgljmb-mlldvbjmúl.

 

MMM. 

Kmknmdarb`éb Idltgs cgn Jbstmnnd, B. ;52; „Bltrdpdndaéb, Mlvgstmabjmúl-Bjjmúl y Srbkbfd Zdjmbn’. Gl Bltrdpdndaéb Bpnmjbcb. Ngjturbs cg Bltrdpdndaéb y Srbkbfd Zdjmbn. Iurjmb6 Cmgad Ibrél Gcmtdr.

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Ibrtélgz Ibrtélgz, Iª F. ;555 Gn cmsjursd sdjmbn sdkrg crdabs gl nb prglsb cg Iurjmb. Iurjmb6 Zgrvmjmd cg Uuknmjbjmdlgs cg nb Wlmvgrsmcbc cg Iurjmb.

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 Bkgnnd, [. ;55=. Nb mlvgstmabjmúl mlvgstmabjmúl gl nbs Jmgljmbs Zdjmbngs6 Zuagrgljmbs prâjtmjbs prâjtmjbs sdkrg gn prdjgsd. [gvmstb Mlvgstmabjmúl y Cgsbrrdnnd. .